CONTROLLING SIMULATION OF CROSS BAR TRAIN RAILWAY SYSTEM

WITH MAGNETIC HALL SENSOR

Ade nurul fahri Yoyo Somantri

Department of Electrical Engineering Education

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Jl.Dr.Setiabudhi No.229 Bandung

Abstract. To find out where the train will pass the crossing takes the train
detection equipment in this study made ARDUINO MEGA applications using
magnetic induction sensor input rail with LED indicator output, Buzzer speaker
and servo motors. The magnetic field is used as a sensor input is S49E. outputs are
produced in the from of noise that serves to warn that there is a train thatv will
pass through buzzer speaker, LED indicator and servo motor as a doorstop drive
train as well after the train passed through the crossing the sound and the LED
indicator will die bar doors will re open

1.INTRODUCTION

Transportation is a means for humans to move things, whether humans or

objects from one place to another, with or without the use of tools. One of the
preferred transportation capital in Indonesia is the train. Many people are very
dependent on this type of transportation, especially in big cities. Because of the many
trains that operate, many railroads that pass through residential and highway.
As many railway crossings pass through the highway, it is not in barengi
with adequate human resources. Sometimes human resources in the railway crossing
is less, so it often leads to human error that leads to an accident.
On that basis it is necessary to cross the automatic railway crossing which
can sound as a warning of a train that will pass, close the doorstop, and open rail
crossing crossing automatically so that accident on railway bar cross can be avoided.
The system will be designed in the form of train simulation with pidouble bar,
accompanied by LED light (Light Emitting Diode) train marker will pass along with
buzzer. The sensor used is a linear sensor magnetic hall sensor module
The railway crossing crossbar is a crossing cross located at the front of the
railway train railway crossing this fire train serves as a way for motorists and
motorists not to cross when the train passes

2.METHOD

Methods are a way to understand the step by step used in the design of the Tool
and based on the objectives to be achieved.
 2.1 Block Diagram :

Figur 1. Block Diagram of design tool.

2.2 Selection Of Components use, Such as :


servo (servo motor) is a servo motor or actuator designed with a closed-loop
feedback control system (servo), so it can be set-up or set to determine and ensure
the angular position of the motor output shaft. servo motor is a device consisting
of DC motor, series of gear, control circuit and potentiometer. A series of gears
attached to the DC motor shaft will slow the rotation of the shaft and increase the
servo motor torque, while the potentiometer with the change of resistance when
the motor rotates serves as a determinant of the rotation position rotation shaft
servo motor And this is where servo motor is useful as a bridge crossing barrier in
Arduino program

Arduino Mega 2560 is an Arduino-based microcontroller development board

using ATmega2560 chip. This board has a lot of I / O pins, some 54 digital I / O
pins (15 pins of which are PWM), 16 pin analog input, 4 pin UART (serial port
hardware). The Arduino Mega 2560 is equipped with a 16 Mhz oscillator, a USB
port, DC power jack, ICSP header, and reset button. This board is very complete,
already has everything needed for a microcontroller. With simple usage, you just
connect the power from USB to your PC or through the AC / DC adapter to the
DC jack.
Microcontroller acts as the main controller in running the program that will be
created and can save the program.
Microcontroller will process the data so that it can control the servo motor and hall
hall of the sensor so it can notification on lcd screen
 Figur 4. Arduino mega

 LCD 16*2
 LCD (Liquid Cristal Display) is one type of electronic display made with CMOS
logic technology that works by not producing light but reflecting the surrounding
light on the front-lit or transmitting light from the back-lit LCD here used as a notice
on the open lid of the train railway crossing

Figur 5. LCD 16*2

 linear magnetic hall sensor module

 Figur 6. linear magnetic hall sensor module

 sensors that detect the magnetic field in the environment around this sensor generally
has a linear analog signal output to the strength of the received magnetic field but
different in the hall effect sensor S49E which is a sensor hall effect digital.sensor will
 provide logic output 1 when it detects the presence of magnetic field The strong and
sensitivity of these sensors is highly influential by the distance and strength of the
magnetic field. This sensor has 3 feet: Vcc, out and GnD working from the sensor
requires 5VDC power supply and 24 VDC and the sensor here is used as a train
arrival detection to the crossbar so that the rail junction gate will automatically close
and open automatically.

 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

3.1 System Analysis

This project has been tried to get the results in accordance with the
planned design of the user that is try doing the work of each component at different
conditions when the train has not passed the sensor and when the train has passed the
sensor.
In the first experiment the train passes through the sensor and the crossbar
door closes and the LCD shows notice that the train will pass along with the LED
flame and Buzzer sound.
In the second experiment if the sensor is not bypassed by the train it will not happen
to the railway crossing gate.
3.2 Problem Analysis
As many railway crossings pass through the highway, it is not in barengi
with adequate human resources. Sometimes the human resources in the railway
crossing is less, so it often leads to a human error that culminates in the occurrence
of an accident so I am here proposing to make a simulation of automatic latch
crossing using sensor module
In stringing must be really careful because a little error in the circuit will cause the
project should work properly to be not working..
little difficulty in placing the sensor because it causes the train as it passes through
the sensor sometimes the sensor does not directly read the presence of magnetic field
in the train so that the servo motor does not close the train
sometimes servo motor as railway crossing doors do not work well either it closes or
reopens as well buzzer sometimes sounds very small
3.3 Discussion results :
Of the discussion of the result obtained in accordance with the hope of
the author of ie when train across the doorstop train will be closed the when train has
crossed the doorstop will automatically clossed the doorstop will automatically
closed in a whiles.

2. CONCLUSSION AND FUTURE WORK

this tool serves to facilitate humans in the control system of railway

crossing barriers and prevent the occurrence of vehicle accidents crossing the train
in the design of this tool there are still shortcomings, especially on sensors that must
receive a strong magnetic field.
 REFERENCES

1. Angalaeswari. S and Amit Kumar “Speed control of permanet magnet motor servo
using Arduino”
2. Daniel Fernandez, Doosoo Hyun, Yonghyun Park, David Reigosa*, Sang Bin Lee,
Dong Myung Lee, and Fernando Briz” Permanent magnet temperature estimation
in pm synchronous motor using low cost hall effect sensor”
3. WILLARD D. McCALL, JR., MEMBER, IEEE, AND EDWARD J. ROHAN, “A linier
position transducer using amagnet and hall effect”.
4. R. Kelly; R. Carelli; M. Amestegui; R. Ortega “On line compensation of magnetic
position sensor using recursive least square method”
5. Chen jing, zheng jigui, huang yuping, li hong and wu hongxing “optimization of
speed loop control technology for permanent magnet synchrous motor servo
system”