INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN FOR DANGERS RELATED TO RABIES

Client: ___________________Estimated Number of Audiences: Five (5)

By: _________________ Area of assignment: ____________ 3 RLE Schedule: ______ Date of Teaching: _______________
PURPOSE: To educate the client the dangers caused by rabies virus.
GOAL: To enable the client know the dangers and prevention of the spread of the rabies virus.
OBJECTIVES SUBJECT CONTENT TIME METHOD OF LEARNING METHOD OF EVALUATION
ALLOTMENT INSTRUTION RESOURCES EVALUATION OF
OBJECTIVES
At the end of 20
minutes of health
teaching, the
learner will be
able to:

1. Define what WHAT IS RABIES: 2 minutes Lecture. Visual aid. Question and
rabies is and how Rabies is a zoonotic disease and answer.
it is spread.
human infection caused by
Lyssavirus, usually occurring
after a transdermal bite or
scratch by an infected animal.
Transmission may also occur
when infectious material, usually
the saliva, comes into direct
contact with the victim’s mucosa
or fresh skin lesions. Very rarely,
rabies may occur through
inhalation of virus-containing
aerosol or via infected organ
 transplants. It is a highly fatal
disease characterized by
fluctuations in consciousness,
phobic or inspiratory spasms and
autonomic instability.
The average incubation period of
human rabies is between one to
three (1-3) months. In 90-95 %
of cases, incubation period is
less than one year but may be
longer in 5-10 % cases.
2. Enumerate the MODES OF 5 minutes Discussion. Flyer Question and
modes of TRANSMISSION: answer.
transmission.
1. Bites from infected animals
are the most common mode
of transmission of rabies to
humans. Exposure to rabies
may come from bites of
infected dogs, cats, other
domestic and wild animals
including bats. However,
bites from rats, rabbits, other
rodents, reptiles and birds do
not pose a risk for rabies
infection.

2. Non-bite exposures are less

 important and are
infrequent modes of
transmission. However,
scratches, open wounds or
mucous membranes that are
licked by an infected animal,
can be points of entry of the
rabies virus and these may be
in the form of the following:
 Contamination of intact
mucosa (eyes, nose, mouth,
genitalia) with saliva of
infected animal;
 Licks on broken skin; and
 Inhalation of aerosolized
virus in closed areas (e.g.
caves with rabid bats,
laboratories for rabies
diagnosis).
3. Identify the CLINICAL STAGES: 6 minutes Lecture and Flyer Question and
three clinical 1. Prodromal – this is when discussion. answer.
stages in a rabies there is initial viral replication
infected human
being. at the striated muscle cells at
the site of inoculation just
before it enters the brain. The
virus then spreads
centripetally up the nerve to
the central nervous system
through the peripheral nerve
 axoplasm.
2. Acute Neurologic – this is
when the virus reaches the
CNS and replicates most
exclusively within the gray
matter.
3. Coma - begins within 10 days
of onset, and the duration
varies
4. Death - without intensive
supportive care, respiratory
depression, cardio respiratory
arrest, and death occur in
almost 100% of cases.

4. Enumerate WAYS TO PREVENT 5 minutes Lecture and Flyer Question and

ways on how to RABIES: discussion. answer
prevent the spread 1. Vaccinate your pets. Cats, discussion.
of rabies. dogs and monkeys can be
vaccinated against rabies. Ask
your veterinarian how often
your pets should be
vaccinated.
2. Keep your pets
confined. Keep your pets
inside and supervise them
when outside. This will help
keep your pets from coming
in contact with wild animals.

3. Protect small pets from

 predators. Keep rabbits and
other small pets, such as
guinea pigs, inside or in
protected cages so that they
are safe from wild animals.
These small pets can't be
vaccinated against rabies.

4. Report stray animals to

local authorities.

5. Don't approach wild

animals. Wild animals with
rabies may seem unafraid of
people. It's not normal for a
wild animal to be friendly
with people, so stay away
from any animal that seems
unafraid.

6. Keep bats out of your

home. Seal any cracks and
gaps where bats can enter
your home. If you know you
have bats in your home, work
with a local expert to find
ways to keep bats out.

7. Consider the rabies vaccine

 if you're traveling. If you're
traveling to a country where
rabies is common and you'll
be there for an extended
period of time.
5. Enumerate WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF A 2 minutes Discussion. Flyer Question and
steps to follow in answer.
BITE:
case of a bite from
a suspected rabies 1. If you've been bitten or
infected animal.
scratched by an animal that
might carry rabies,
immediately wash the wound
thoroughly with soap and
water and disinfect with
either alcohol or iodine then
visit your health center
immediately.
2. If there's been any physical
contact with a bat - with or
without evidence of a bite –
you may need to start
treatment. Bats have tiny
teeth which may not leave
easily visible marks.
REFERENCES:
1. Hemachudha, T., Ugolini, G., Wacharapluesadee, S., Sungkarat, W., Shuangshoti, S., & Laothamatas, J. (2013). Human
rabies: neuropathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. The Lancet Neurology, 12(5), 498-513.
2. Srinivasan, A., Burton, E. C., Kuehnert, M. J., Rupprecht, C., Sutker, W. L., Ksiazek, T. G., ... & Hanlon, C. A. (2005).
Transmission of rabies virus from an organ donor to four transplant recipients. New England Journal of Medicine, 352(11),
1103-1111.
3. Houff, S. A., Burton, R. C., Wilson, R. W., Henson, T. E., London, W. T., Baer, G. M., ... & Sever, J. L. (1979). Human-to-
human transmission of rabies virus by corneal transplant. New England Journal of Medicine, 300(11), 603-604.
4. Afshar, A. (1979). A review of non-bite transmission of rabies virus infection. British Veterinary Journal, 135(2), 142-148.
5. King, A. A., & Turner, G. S. (1993). Rabies: a review. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 108(1), 1-39.
6. Blancou, J., Kieny, M. P., Lathe, R., Lecocq, J. P., Pastore, P. P., Soulebot, J. P., & Desmettre, P. (1986). Oral vaccination of
the fox against rabies using a live recombinant vaccinia virus. Nature, 322(6077), 373.
7. Rupprecht, C. E., Blass, L., Smith, K., Orciari, L. A., Niezgoda, M., Whitfield, S. G., ... & Hanlon, C. A. (2001). Human
infection due to recombinant vaccinia–rabies glycoprotein virus. New England Journal of Medicine, 345(8), 582-586.