STEERING DESIGN REPORT

SPECIFICATION:
ABOUT: Inner diameter:15mm
Outer diameter:20mm
 HANDLE BAR Bar length:
 HANDLEBAR
HOLDER(CLAMPING)
 BEARINGS
 BEARING MOUNT
 TIE ROD CALCULATION
AND SPECIFICATION
 ROD END BEARING(HEIM)
SPECIFICATION
 STEERING BALL BEARING
SPECIFICATION
 MACHINING PROCESS

HANDLE
BAR
HOLDER
PRINCIPLE : (CLAMPIN
G)
Steering is basically working on the principle of
Clamp makes mounting and
ACKERMAN.according to this, all wheel turns
clamping pipes to each other
about one point.then only the slipping is avoid
and give the support to the
during turning.from these principle we used to
handle bar. If we see bicycle
calculate ackerman angle for better steering
their clamp mount is in rubber
effort.
.but here our quad having a high
loading material and we have to
choose the clamp material
according to their factor of
HANDLE BAR safety and to reduce the steering
effort.

Which is one of the main part in Material Stainless steel

steeering sub system.the ATV’S
are made up of the few types No of bolts used 3 for each clamping
steering arrangement:

 Tripod Length 40mm

Here we use the tripod

steering because handle Width 14mm
bar is most suitable for
most of the ATV’S.
STEERING ROD:
here we use mild steel for steering rod which is
in hollow type the reason for inserting the
hollow shaft is to reduce the overall weight of
the steering sub system and to turn them with
smoothly
REASON FOR CHOOSING THE MS ROD:
 Less cost compare to other
 It has high resistance to breakage
 It’s quite malleable
 It having high tensile and high impact
strength.
Mass density 7850(app.)kg/m3
BEARINGS:
A bearing is a machine element that constrain
relative motion to only the desired motion and
reduce friction between moving parts. it’s
simply one part is an stationery part and another
one is an rotating part.it holding a components
such as shaft or axles within mechanical systems
and transfer axial and radical loads from the
source of the loads to the supporting it. the
simplest form of bearing, the plain bearing
,consist of a shaft rotating in a hole. lubrication
is often used to reduce friction.
The ball bearing and roller bearing is used to
reduce sliding friction

Young’s modulus 206Gpa Types of bearings:

Poisson’s ratio 0.3  Ball bearing
 Roller bearing
Rupture stress 335 MPa  needle roller bearing
Strength 880  tapered roller bearing
coefficient

PREFER:
Inner diameter 2.54cm Ball bearing
Reason is to prevent from sliding friction and
Length of the rod 90cm withstand at high load.

SPECIFICATION

Inner diameter:25.4mm
Outer diameter:47mm
Bearing type: HKM
Lubrication type: grease
BEARING MOUNT: Tripod is used to direct the tie rod
according to the motion of steering column.it
Totally there are 5 mounts with bearings
contain 3 holes.one hole is connected to steering
connected to frame.
column and the other two is connected to tie rod
TRIPOD with heim joint

Ackerman angle:
tan Ꝋ = (d÷2)÷L
=(39.5∕2)∕45

Ꝋ=23.69⁰
TIE ROD
Steering Arm length:
It’s the rod which connects the tripod to the
Sin66.31⁰ = 90÷L
steering arm.it connected with ball or heim L = 98.28mm.
joint.when we insert ball or heim joint ,the tie
rod will automatically adjusted during sudden
pumps. Ackermann condition:
⁡ θi=36°(assumption)
Tie rod length:315.76mm
Wheel base D=39.5"
ACKERMAN ARM
Track width L=45"
It used to steer the wheel according to the
principle of ackerman.it is also important Cotθ i – cotθ o=d/l
component in ackerman principle.Ackerman cot36° - cotθo=39.5"/45"
angle is the inclination of steering arm.it is =0.8777
attached with knuckle and other side is
connected with tie rod. tan-1(36°) - cotθo=0.8777

CALCULATION: tan-1(36°) - 0.8777= cotθo

Wheel base, B= 1600mm. 87.7583=cotθo

Track width, L= 1300mm. Cot-1(87.7583)=θo

Chamber angle= 2⁰ θo=25.54°

Caster angle = 3⁰
Kingpin inclination =7⁰
Inner wheel turning radius:
sinθi= l/ri
ri= 45"/sin36°
ri= 45"/0.5877
ri= 76.56"
Outer wheel turning radius:
sinθo= l/ro
ro= 45"/sin25.54°
= 45"/0.4311
ro= 104.374"
Turning radius:
tanθ°= l/d+(R-(d/2))
= 45"/39.5°+(R-19.75)

0.4778/45" = 1/39.5+(R-19.75)
0.010617= 1/39.5+(R-19.75)
0.010617R+0.20875= 1
0.010617R= 1-0.20875
R= 74.52"
Turning radius=77.84”

CONCLUSION:
Thus these parameters are important and
related formula ,problems are used to design our
own customized steering system,.here we use
the tripod steering system for ATV’S so the
above calculation is used for tripod steering.it
was tested on the various rough terrains.