Paint Coatings for

Ammonia Refrigeration
Piping and Vessels

May 8, 2014 Protective & Marine Coatings

 Welcome

May 8, 2014
Paint Coatings for Ammonia
Refrigeration Piping and Vessels

Bradley D. Dahlgren
CSI, CCPR, MBA, NACE Certified Coating Inspector, CIP #10538

Project Development Manager

Protective & Marine Coatings

 Agendum
 Surface preparation
 Types of coatings
 Coating system selection
 The Purpose of Coatings

• Beautify and Decorate

• Identification

• Asset Protection
 Types of Piping
 Underground
 Buried
 Above ground
 Insulated
 High Temperature
 Why does corrosion occur?

ACME
 How Coatings Provide Protection
Barrier Inhibitive Sacrificial

Most coatings Some pigments When a zinc

serve as a used in primers coating is applied
protective barrier control corrosion to steel, the zinc
by isolating the by containing rust sacrifices itself to
substrate from inhibitive protect the steel.
the environment. compounds.
 Paint Problems
Coating failures directly attributed to
inadequate surface preparation

20%

80%

Other causes
 Surface Preparation

 Clean
 Dry
 Dull
 Surface Preparation Standards
 SSPC-SP1 Solvent Cleaning
 SSPC-SP2 Hand Tool Cleaning
 SSPC-SP3 Power Tool Cleaning
 SSPC-SP5 (NACE No. 1) White Metal Blast Cleaning
 SSPC-SP6 (NACE No. 3) Commercial Blast Cleaning
 SSPC-SP7 (NACE No. 4) Brush-Off Blast Cleaning
 SSPC-SP10(NACE No. 2) Near-White Blast Cleaning
 SSPC-SP11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare
Metal
 SSPC-SP12(NACE No. 5) High and Ultrahigh Pressure
Water Jetting Prior to Recoating
 SSPC-SP13(NACE No. 6) Surface Preparation of Concrete
 SSPC-SP14(NACE No. 8) Industrial Blast Cleaning
 SSPC-SP16 Brush-off Blast Cleaning of
Galvanized steel, Stainless steels,
and Non-ferrous metals
SP-3 Surface Preparation

Protective & Marine Coatings

 SP6 Commercial Blast

Started With Rust Grade B Started With Rust Grade D

 Surface Preparation for Concrete

ICRI Technical
Guide No. 03732
 Composition of paint
COMPONENTS

Vehicle
 Corrosion Weathering
Zinc / epoxy / urethane Epoxy / urethane
VOC Regulated Locations
 OTC Coating Categories
VOC Limits for 53 Categories
• Flat Coatings (100 grams per liter)
• Non-Flat Coatings (150 grams per liter)
• Primers, Sealers and Undercoaters (200 grams per liter)
• Specialty Primers (350 grams per liter)
• Industrial Maintenance Coatings (340 grams per liter)
• Rust Preventive Coatings (400 grams per liter)
• Dryfall coatings (400 grams per liter)
• Sanding Sealers (350 grams per liter)
• Varnishes (350 grams per liter)
Types of Coatings
Identified by Resin Type:
 Alkyd (oil base)
 Acrylic (type of latex)
 Epoxy (Bis A, Bis F, and Novolac)
 Polyurethane
Identified by Pigment Type:
 Inorganic Zinc
 Organic Zinc (epoxy or urethane)
Pigment Selection to Improve
Corrosion Resistance
H 2O / O 2 H 2O / O 2

Metal Metal
Lamellar Granular
Pigment
Pigment Pigment
Pigment
 New Epoxy Technology
Edge Retentive
 Maintain > 70 % Of Film Build At Sharp Edges
 Eliminate Film Shrinking during Cure
Edge retention
Moisture Cure Urethane for in
service painting:
Epoxy with Optically Activated Pigment
(OAP)
Please
don’t
 Overcoat vs. Removal
Factors
• Percentage of rust
• Adhesion
• Dry film thickness
 SSPC-VIS 2
Degree of rusting
 Adhesion Testing
• ASTM D 3359 (shear [tape/knife] adhesion)

– Method A, “X-Cut”
• Use for coatings greater than 5 mils
• Rate result according to description in standard

– Method B, “Cross-Cut”
• 0–2 mils = 1mm spacing between cuts
• 2–5 mils = 2 mm spacing between cuts
• Rate result according to adhesion chart
in standard
Evaluating Dry Coating
Thickness (Destructive)
Shear Adhesion Test Kits
 Measurement of Dry Coating
Thickness (Non-Destructive)

.
Risk Assessment
 Ferrous Metal Painting Schedule

COATING SYSTEM A:

Spot Prep: Hand Tool / Power Tool Cleaning per SSPC-

SP2/3
Spot Prime: Epoxy (flake filled)
First Coat: Epoxy (flake filled)
Finish Coat: Polyurethane (exterior)
or, Epoxy (interior)
 Ferrous Metal Painting Schedule

COATING SYSTEM B:

Prep: Commercial Blast Cleaning per SSPC-SP6

Prime: Epoxy (flake filled)
Stripe Coat: Epoxy (flake filled)
Finish Coat: Polyurethane (exterior)
or, Epoxy (interior)
 Ferrous Metal Painting Schedule

COATING SYSTEM C:

Prep: Commercial Blast Cleaning per SSPC-SP6

Prime: Silicone Acrylic Primer
Finish Coat: Silicone Acrylic (color)
 Ferrous Metal Painting Schedule

COATING SYSTEM C:

Prep: Commercial Blast Cleaning per SSPC-SP6

Prime: Silicone Hybrid Primer
Finish Coat: Silicone Hybrid (color)
I don’t need coatings under
sealed insulation, right?
Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI)
 NACE SP0198-2010 –
Authoritative Handbook on Corrosion Under Insulation
Table 2 – Page 25
 Corrosion Under Insulation
NACE SP0198-2010 – Authoritative Handbook

 System CS-3……Phenicon HS or FF
Temps to 300°F

 System CS-4……Epo-Phen
Temps to 400°F

 System CS-6……Heat-Flex Hi-Temp 1200

Temps to 1200°F
 Industries
Served

Passive Fire Protection:

Hydrocarbon and Cellulosic
Questions?
 Resources

• www.sspc.org
– (for surface prep and Vis standards)

• www.sherwin-williams.com
– (for coating technical sheets and information)

• www.nace.org
– (for more information on surface prep standards)

Protective & Marine Coatings