University of Asia Pacific 
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 
 
 
Course Code: EEE‐414 
Course Title: Power system Analysis II Sessional 
 
Experiment No: 02 
Experiment Name: Determination of the power angle curve for SMIB system under 
transient. 
 
 

Submitted By                                                                           
Mehedi Hasan                                                                           
ID: 15108004                                                                       
Roll: 04                                                                                                  
Year: 4th year, 1st semester 
 
 

Submitted To 
  Md. Masum Howlader 
Assistant Professor, Department of EEE 
University of Asia pacific 
 
 

Experiment No-02
Name of the Experiment: Determination of the power angle curve for SMIB system under
transient.
Aim: To plot and understand the power angle curve for SMIB system under transient.
Tools: MATLAB
Theory: Consider a synchronous generator developing an electromagnetic torque Te and
running at the synchronous speed ωsm. If Tm is the driving mechanical torque, then under steady
state operation with loses neglected we have
Tm= Te ----------------------------(1)

A departure from steady state due o a disturbance results in accelerating (Tm>Te) or decelerating
(Tm<Te) torque Ta on the rotor.
Ta= Tm-Te -----------------(2)
If J is the combined moment of inertia of the prime mover and the generator, neglecting
frictional and damping torques, from laws of rotation we have

𝐽 ϴm=Ta= Tm-Te -----------------(3)

Where ϴm is he angular displacement of the rotor with respect to stationary reference axis on
the rotor. Since we are interested in the rotor speed relative to synchronous speed, the angular
reference is chosen relative to a synchronously rotating reference frame moving with constant
angular velocity ωsm i.e
ϴm= ωsm t+ δm -------------------------------(4)

Where δm is the rotor position before disturbance at time t=0, measured from the synchronously
rotating reference frame. Derivative of (4) gives the rotor angular velocity
ϴ
ωm= = ωsm + δm ------------------(5)

ϴ
and the rotor acceleration is ------------------(6)

Substituting (6) into (3) we have,

Tm-Te --------------------(7)

Multiplying (7) by ωm, results in

Jωm ωmTm - ωmTe -----------------(8)

Since angular velocity times torque is equal to the power, we write the above equation in
terms of power
Jωm Pm-Pe -----------------(9)

The quantity Jωm is called the inertia constant and is denoted by M. It is related to kinetic energy
of the rotating machine.
The swing equation in terms of inertia constant becomes

M Pm-Pe

Now, 
 
 

 
Case Study: 

Consider a synchronous machine characterized by the following parameters 

Xd=1.0       Xq=0.6      Xd’=0.3 per unit and negligible armature resistance. The machine is connected to 
an infinite bus of voltage 1.0 per unit. The generator is delivering a real power of 0.5 per unit at 0.8 
power factor lagging. Determine the voltage behind transient reactance and the transient power 
angle equation for the following cases: 

i. Neglecting the saliency effect 
ii. Including the saliency effect 
 

MATLAB Program: 
clc
clear data
close all

V=1.0;
Xd=1;
Xdd=0.3;
Xq=0.6;
theta=acos(.8);
S=.5/.8*(.8+j*.6);
Ia=conj(S)/V;
disp('For Non-salient pole')
Ed=V+j*Xdd*Ia;
Ed=abs(Ed)
Pmax=Ed*V/Xdd
delta=0:.01:2*pi;
Pe=Pmax*sin(delta);
disp('For salient pole')
d=atan(Xq*abs(Ia)*.8/(V+Xq*abs(Ia)*0.6))
dd=d*180/pi;
E=V*cos(d)+Xd*abs(Ia)*sin(d+theta);
Edq=(Xdd*E-(Xdd-Xd)*V*cos(d))/Xd;
Pmax1=Edq*V/Xdd;
Pmax2=V^2*(Xdd-Xq)/(2*Xdd*Xq);
Pesalient=Pmax1*sin(delta)+Pmax2*sin(2*delta);
subplot(1,2,1),plot(delta*180/pi,Pe),grid
xlabel('delta'),ylabel('Pe')
subplot(1,2,2),plot(delta*180/pi,Pesalient),grid
xlabel('delta'),ylabel('Pe')
[Pmax22,k]=max(Pesalient)
dmax2=delta(k)*180/pi

   
Assignment: 

1.Analyze the result you find in the curves. 
Answer:  

 
2.Find the motoring effect and show it curves. 
Answer: