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Configuration Guide
Issue 3.0
Date 2012-03-28
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Author
Prepared by Liang Hualin (employee ID: Date
2011-12-15
00133500)
Reviewed by Date
Reviewed by Date
Approved by Date
Change History
Date Issue Description Author
Contents
2 Summary.......................................................................................................................................25
3 References......................................................................................................................................26
In Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, random access is important for initial UE access,
handover implementation, connection reestablishment, and recovery of uplink time/frequency
synchronization.
Compared with deterministic scheduling in the uplink and downlink, random access has the
following characteristics:
UEs select preambles for network access at a random occasion.
The access result is random. Network access may fail. To resolve this problem, the
random access control algorithm is used to improve the random access success rate.
Preambles with different Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences are orthogonal. Therefore, different ZC
sequences configured for neighboring cells help prevent preamble collisions during random
access. During PRACH parameter planning, ZC sequences must be planned to ensure that
preambles with optimal detection performance are allocated to high-speed cells and that
different preambles are allocated to neighboring cells.
TRTD is the maximum return delay (RTD). The relationship between TRTD and the cell
radius is as follows:
TRTD = 6.67 r milliseconds
where r indicates the cell radius in the unit of km.
If formula 1 is divided by Tpreamble_s on both sides, the following formula is obtained:
(2)
Ncs > 1.04875 x (6.67 r + TMD) for preamble format 0 to 3
T
If AdSch is added on the right side of formula 2 (
T AdSch = 2 milliseconds), formula 3 is
obtained:
For low-speed cells, r equals to 10 km and TMD equals to 5 milliseconds. In this case,
N CS 1.04875 (6.67 * 10 5 2) 77.03 N CS
. According to Table 1.1, configuration equals
to 11. Therefore, Ncs equals to 93.
The number of preambles that can be generated is calculated as follows:
839
Num
N CS , where indicates round-down of Num.
If 64 preambles need to be generated per cell, the number of ZC sequences is calculated as
follows:
64
m
Num , where indicates round-up of m.
0 0 15
1 13 18
2 15 22
3 18 26
4 22 32
5 26 38
N CS N CS
Value
Configuration
Unrestricted Set for Low- Restricted Set for High-
Speed Cells Speed Cells
6 32 46
7 38 55
8 46 68
9 59 82
10 76 100
11 93 128
12 119 158
13 167 202
14 279 237
15 419 -
In high-speed cells, UEs move at a speed greater than 120 km/h. In most cases, coverage cells along
expressway roads and high-speed railways are high-speed cells. In other scenarios, medium- and low-
speed cells prevail.
Table 1.1 Mapping between logical root sequence numbers and physical root sequence numbers
Logical Root Physical Root Sequence Number u
Sequence (in Increasing Order of the Corresponding Logical Sequence
Number Number)
0–23 129, 710, 140, 699, 120, 719, 210, 629, 168, 671, 84, 755, 105, 734,
93, 746, 70, 769, 60, 779, 2, 837, 1, 838
456–513 230, 609, 232, 607, 262, 577, 252, 587, 418, 421, 416, 423, 413, 426,
411, 428, 376, 463, 395, 444, 283, 556, 285, 554, 379, 460, 390, 449,
363, 476, 384, 455, 388, 451, 386, 453, 361, 478, 387, 452, 360, 479,
310, 529, 354, 485, 328, 511, 315, 524, 337, 502, 349, 490, 335, 504,
324, 515
514–561 323, 516, 320, 519, 334, 505, 359, 480, 295, 544, 385, 454, 292, 547,
291, 548, 381, 458, 399, 440, 380, 459, 397, 442, 369, 470, 377, 462,
410, 429, 407, 432, 281, 558, 414, 425, 247, 592, 277, 562, 271, 568,
272, 567, 264, 575, 259, 580
562–629 237, 602, 239, 600, 244, 595, 243, 596, 275, 564, 278, 561, 250, 589,
246, 593, 417, 422, 248, 591, 394, 445, 393, 446, 370, 469, 365, 474,
300, 539, 299, 540, 364, 475, 362, 477, 298, 541, 312, 527, 313, 526,
314, 525, 353, 486, 352, 487, 343, 496, 327, 512, 350, 489, 326, 513,
319, 520, 332, 507, 333, 506, 348, 491, 347, 492, 322, 517
630–659 330, 509, 338, 501, 341, 498, 340, 499, 342, 497, 301, 538, 366, 473,
401, 438, 371, 468, 408, 431, 375, 464, 249, 590, 269, 570, 238, 601,
234, 605
660–707 257, 582, 273, 566, 255, 584, 254, 585, 245, 594, 251, 588, 412, 427,
372, 467, 282, 557, 403, 436, 396, 443, 392, 447, 391, 448, 382, 457,
389, 450, 294, 545, 297, 542, 311, 528, 344, 495, 345, 494, 318, 521,
331, 508, 325, 514, 321, 518
708–729 346, 493, 339, 500, 351, 488, 306, 533, 289, 550, 400, 439, 378, 461,
374, 465, 415, 424, 270, 569, 241, 598
730–751 231, 608, 260, 579, 268, 571, 276, 563, 409, 430, 398, 441, 290, 549,
304, 535, 308, 531, 358, 481, 316, 523
752–765 293, 546, 288, 551, 284, 555, 368, 471, 253, 586, 256, 583, 263, 576
766–777 242, 597, 274, 565, 402, 437, 383, 456, 357, 482, 329, 510
778–789 317, 522, 307, 532, 286, 553, 287, 552, 266, 573, 261, 578
790–795 236, 603, 303, 536, 356, 483
796–803 355, 484, 405, 434, 404, 435, 406, 433
804–809 235, 604, 267, 572, 302, 537
810–815 309, 530, 265, 574, 233, 606
816–819 367, 472, 296, 543
820–837 336, 503, 305, 534, 373, 466, 280, 559, 279, 560, 419, 420, 240, 599,
258, 581, 229, 610
p 0 p N ZC 2
du
N ZC p otherwise
RA
nshift ( N ZC 2d u ) N CS
RA
d start N ZC 2d u nshift N CS
RA
ngroup d u d start
RA
nshift RA
min max ( d u ngroup RA
d start ) N CS ,0 , nshift
For all other values of d u , there are no cyclic shifts in the restricted set.
N CS
If > 419 for low-speed cells, set Ncs to 0.
Step 3 Check whether the remaining ZC sequence indexes can generate 64 preambles. If the
remaining ZC sequence indexes are sufficient, go to Step 4. If the indexes are insufficient, go
to Step 5.
Step 4 Allocate the minimum logical root sequence number and the minimum Ncs to the cell.
Step 5 Reuse ZC sequence indexes and Ncs. For details, see LTE eRAN3.1 FDD&TDD Root
Sequence Index Automatic Planning Algorithm Specification.
The parameters in the LTE PRACH Planning dialog box are described as follows:
Calculate Cell Radius: Specifies how to determine the cell radius. If this check box is
selected, Propagation Radius and Coverage Radius option buttons can be selected.
The cell radius determines the Ncs during PRACH planning.
Propagation Radius: Indicates that the propagation radius functions as the radius when
the Ncs is calculated.
Propagation Radius Factor: When the Propagation Radius option button is selected,
the cell radius used to calculate the Ncs is equal to this factor multiplied by the main
calculation radius.
Coverage Radius: Indicates that the coverage cell is used as the cell radius in Ncs
calculation.
Min Signal Level(dBm): The minimum RSRP threshold at the cell edge is considered
when the coverage radius is used to calculate the cell radius.
Shadowing taken into account: Specifies whether shadow fading is considered during
PRACH planning.
Cell Edge Coverage Probability: Specifies the expected cell edge coverage ratio when
shadow fading is considered. The default value is 75%.
Indoor Coverage: Specifies whether indoor coverage is considered during PRACH
planning.
Area: Enables you to select the areas to be planned. By default, all cells in a network are
to be planned. It is commonly used when there are multiple polygons on the GUI of the
simulation platform.
Cell Filter: Filters out the cells that do not need to be planned when the areas or the
entire network to be planned are selected. After this button is clicked, a Cell Select
dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 1.4. In this dialog box, you can deselect the
corresponding item of a cell that you want to filter out during PRACH planning.
2. In the displayed table, change the radius of each sector in the Radius(m) column.
The radius in the Radius column is in the unit of meters, and the default radius is 0 m on the U-Net.
3. In the Project Explorer navigation tree, click , right-click LTE PRACH Planning,
and choose Automatic Allocation from the shortcut menu, as shown in Figure 3.1.
The LTE PRACH Planning dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 4.1.
5. Click Run.
The planning result is shown in Figure 5.1.
Table 2.1 describes the meanings of each column in the planning result.
7. In the displayed tab page, adjust the PRACH planning result as required.
9. In the displayed dialog box, select the fields to be exported and click Export.
The elements in the Data Export dialog box are described as follows:
− Configuration File: Used to load and save an export template. You can save the
current export configurations as an export template, and then you can load the saved
template in the subsequent operations.
− Save: Used to save the current export configurations as an export template.
− Load: Used to load a user-defined export template.
− Header: Specifies whether the exported planning result contains the name of each
field.
− Field Separator: Specifies the separator between fields.
− Available Fields and Exported Fields: Specify the valid fields to be exported and
the exported fields
− and : Used to adjust the sequence of fields in the Exported Fields area.
− Preview: Used to preview the exported fields and export format.
− Export: Used to export the planning result by clicking this button.
− Cancel: Used to cancel the export of the planning result.
In the PRACH Parameter Display dialog box, view the reuse distance and reuse tiers of the
same preamble.
2 Summary
This document provides PRACH planning principles, notes, RACH parameter planning for
frontline engineers.
This document provides the following contents:
Ncs restrictions
ZC sequence planning principles
Root sequence planning for high- and low-speed cells
PRACH planning using the U-Net
3 References