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H PHILIPPINE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE 

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Background of the Author 
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Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista 
“The unsung Author of the Act Proclamation of Independence by the Filipino People” 
 
  
● Author of the Act Proclamation of Independence by the Filipino People 
● Was born in Biñan Laguna on December 7 1830 to Gregorio Enriquez Bautista 
and Silvestra Altamira 
● Also known as “Don Bosyong” 
● He finished Law degree at the University of Santo Tomas and practice his 
profession in Manila 
● He was a member of Liga Filipina & Cuerpo de Compromisarios  

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● He was also the financial contributor of the patriotic newspaper “La 

Solidaridad” and was an article writer for nationalistic newspaper of the 
revolution “La Independencia”  
● Upon the outbreak of Philippine Revolution in July 1896 Bautista were 
arrested and jailed in Fort Santiago, however he was later released after 
defending himself and convincing the spanish authorities that “the rebellion 
was not actually against spain but a blind desperate plea for reform” 
● However, the spanish government gave him second warrant of arrest after 
finding out that he was fact directly involve in the revolution fortunately after 
his release , he immediately went into hiding somewhere in Malabon 
● He became the politicatl adviser of Aguinaldo “Auditor General de Guerra 
● After the celebration of Independence he became a member of Malolos 
congress and was later elected as the President of Revolutionary Congress 
● On the later year he became a judge and worked for the people in the 
Pangasinan. 
● He served until his unfortunate death on December 04 1905 at the age of 63 
due to a fatal fall from a horse drawn vehicle. 

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Background of the Historical Document  

 
*T​ he Philippine Declaration of Independence was proclaimed on June 12, 1898 in 
Cavite II el Viejo (present-day Kawit, Cavite) 
* “Acta de la proclamación de la independencia del pueblo Filipino” 
* Prepared and written by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista in Spanish and translated 

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into English by Sulpicio Guevara. 

* Proclaimed the sovereignty and independence of the Philippine Islands from the 
colonial rule of Spain 
* It was signed by 98 people 
* It was patterned after the American Declaration of Independence. 
* The only stranger who attended those proceedings, a citizen of the U.S.A., Mr. L. M. 
Johnson, a Colonel of Artillery. 
* The proclamation of Philippine independence was promulgated 
* Later at Malolos, Bulacan, the Malolos Congress modified the declaration upon the 
insistence of Apolinario Mabini 
* The declaration was not recognized by the United States or Spain 
* According to Aguinaldo, the birth of the Republic justified the Filipinos’ fight for 
independence and assertion for internal and external sovereignty 
* July 4, 1946 establishment of the current Republic of the Philippines. 
* President Diosdado Macapagal in 1962 to move the celebration of Philippine 
independence from July 4 to June 12 
* Sometime in the 1980s or 1990s the Declaration was stolen from the National 
Library 
* Was returned to the National Library in 1994 by University of the Philippines 
professor Milagros Guerrero 
* The Declaration is currently housed in the National Library of the Philippines 

 
 
 
 
 
Content Analysis 
 

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Depiction of Philippine independence proclamation  
 
 
● What is the document about? 
- ​Pagpapahayag ng Kasarinlan ng Pilipinas 
- Acta de la proclamación de la independencia del pueblo Filipino 
- ​Filipino revolutionary forces under General ​Emilio Aguinaldo​ proclaimed 
sovereignty and independence  
 
CONTENTS: 
1. Injustices of the Spanish rule 
2. Birth of revolution  
3. Historical precedents 
4. Proclamation of freedom and independence 
5. Recognizing dictatorship  
 
● Who created it? 
- Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista 
- War Counsellor and Special Delegate  
- He created it and read it in Cavite-Viejo, Province of Cavite, this 12th day of 
June 1898 
- Translated by Sulpicio Guevara  
 
 
● Who were the people involved? 
- Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo  
- Signed by 98 people  
 
Don Segundo Arellano  Don Sergio Matias 
Don Tiburcio del Rosario  Don Agapito Zialcita 

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Don Flaviano Alonzo  Don Sabas de Guzmán 

Don Mariano Legazpi  Don Esteban Francisco 
Don José Turiano Santiago y  Don Guido Yaptinchay 
Acosta  Don Mariano Rianzares Bautista 
Don Aurelio Tolentino  Don Francisco Arambulo 
Don Felix Ferrer  Don Antonio Gonzales 
Don Felipe Buencamino  Don Juan Arevalo 
Don Fernando Canon Faustino  Don Ramon Delfino 
Don Anastacio Pinzun  Don Honorio Tiongco 
Don Timoteo Bernabe  Don Francisco del Rosario 
Don Flaviano Rodríguez  Don Epifanio Saguil 
Don Gavino Masancay  Don Ladislao Afable José 
Don Narciso Mayuga  Don Sixto Roldan 
Don Gregorio Villa  Don Luis de Lara 
Don Luis Pérez Tagle  Don Marcelo Basa 
Don Canuto Celestino  Don José Medina 
Don Marcos Jocson  Don Epifanio Crisia 
Don Martin de los Reyes  Don Pastor López de León 
Don Ciriaco Bausa  Don Mariano de los Santos 
Don Manuel Santos  Don Santiago García 
Don Mariano Toribio  Don Claudio Tria Tirona 
Don Gabriel Reyes  Don Estanislao Tria Tirona 
Don Hugo Lim  Don Daniel Tria Tirona 
Don Emiliano Lim  Don Andrés Tria Tirona 
Don Fausto Tinorio  Don Carlos Tria Tirona 
Don Rosendo Simón  Don Sulpicio P. Antony 
Don Leon Tanjanque  Don Epitacio Asunción 
Don Gregorio Bonifacio  Don Catalino Ramon 
Don Manuel Salafranca  Don Juan Bordador 
Don Simon Villareal  Don José del Rosario 
Don Calixto Lara  Don Proceso Pulido 
Don Buenaventura Toribio  Don José María del Rosario 
Don Zacarias Fajardo  Don Ramón Magcamco 
Don Florencio Manalo  Don Antonio Calingo 
Don Ramon Gana  Don Pedro Mendiola 
Don Marcelino Gómez  Don Estanislao Calingo 
Don Valentin Polintan  Don Numeriano Castillo 
Don Felix Polintan  Don Federico Tomacruz 
Don Evaristo Dimalanta  Don Teodoro Yatco 
Don Gregorio Álvarez  Don Ladislao Diwa 

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● To whom was it created for? 
- Dictator Don Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy 
- “Taking into account the fact that the people of this country are already tired of 
bearing the ominous yoke of Spanish domination” 
 
 
● What urged the author to create it? 
- the years of struggle under the hands of the spaniards 
- the "philippine revolution" that started in 1896 
 
 
● How was the document executed? 
- Independence was proclaimed on June 12, 1898 between four and five in the 
afternoon in Cavite at the ancestral home of General Emilio Aguinaldo 
- The event saw the unfurling of the Philippine Flag and the performance of 
the Marcha Filipina Magdalo, as the national anthem, now known as Lupang 
Hinirang 
 

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● What is the response of the people towards it? 
- the Malolos Congress modified the declaration upon the insistence of 
Apolinario Mabini  
- The declaration was never recognized by either the United States or Spain. 
Later in 1898, Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States in the 1898 
Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish–American War. 
 

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● The effect of the document  

- Following the end of World War II, the United States granted independence to 
the Philippines on 4 July 1946 via the Treaty of Manila 
 
 
 
 
Relevance 
 
● It fills in as an update for us natives(Filipinos) now not to underestimate the 
rights and benefits we were offered and to additionally improve our nation.  
● Philippine Independence Day just ends up important in light of the fact that it 
is where others have sufficient energy to wholeheartedly reflect and praise 
the genuine significance of the Philippine Declaration of Independence. 
 
● In a present time the relevance is to recollect and respect what our 
ancestors and legends contended energetically for freeing the country from 
oppression, persecution, and colonization.  
● The present time the pertinence in present day is that freedom for us may 
free ourselves from the shackles of dread. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
https://www.philstar.com/opinion/2014/06/13/1334230/independence-and-freedo
m 
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/697594/little-known-facts-of-independence-day 
http://www.philippine-embassy.de/bln/index.php?option=com_content&task=view
&id=536&lang=en 
http://msc.edu.ph/centennial/independence.html 
https://www.google.com.ph/amp/s/www.history.com/.amp/this-day-in-history/phil
ippine-independence-declared 
https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/349335 
http://filipinolibrarian.blogspot.com/2006/07/philippine-declaration-of-independen
ce_05.html 
https://philippineone.com/119th-philippine-independence-day-how-relevant-is-fre
edom-for-modern-day-filipinos/ 

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https://www.academia.edu/9953486/AMBROSIO_RIANZARES_BAUTISTA_THE_UN
SUNG_AUTHOR_OF_THE_ACT_OF_PROCLAMATION_OF_INDEPENDENCE_BY_THE_
FILIPINO_PEOPLE_June_12_1898_ 
 
 
 
 

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