DESIGN OF L Shaped Cantilever RETAINING W

1 Preliminary Data
i) Height of Retaining Wall h
ii) Soil Density γs
iii) SBC qo
iv) Angle of repose Ø

v) Surcharge Angle Ө

vi) Coefficient of friction µ

vii) Surcharge Load Ws

2 Pressure Coefficients
i) Active Pressure Coefficients
=(cosӨ-√(cos2Ө-cos2Ø)*cosӨ) /
(cosӨ+√(cos2Ө-cos2Ø))
ii) Passive Pressure Coefficients
= (1+SinØ) / (1+SinØ)

3 Preliminary Dimensions

i) Thickness of Stem
ii) Thickness of footing base slab
iii) Length of base slab

iv) Extra Height of Retaining Wall due to Surcharge

v) Total Height of Retaining Wall due to Surcharge

vi) Extra Height of RW due to inclined back fill

vii) Total Height of RW due to inclined back fill

viii) Design Height of RW considered H = Max of H1 & H2

4 Stability against Overturning

i) Active pressure due Surcharge Load
ii) Active pressure due Backfill Load
iii) Total Load on stem (Force)
 iv) Overturning Moment due to Imposed load
v) Overturning Moment due to Backfill load
vi) Overturning Moment

v) Load
W1 Backfill Load = (L-ts)*(h-tb)*γs
W2 Inclined Backfill Load = ((L-ts)*hi)/2*γs
W3 Stem self weight = ts*(h-tb)*γconc
W4 Base self weight = L*tb*γconc
∑W

viii) Mw not less than (1.2*MODL) +(1.4*MOIL)

-clause 20.1 page 33 of IS 456 2000

5 Stability against Sliding

i) Sliding Force
ii) Resisting Force

iii) (FS)SL= (0.9*F)/(Pa) 1.73

-clause 20.2 page 33 of IS 456 2000

6 Soil Pressures at footing base

i) Net Moment at toe Mn = Mw - Mo
ii) Point of application of Resultant R x = Mn/W
iii) Eccentricity e = (L/2) - x
e<L6 Eccentricity lies within middle third of the base hence OK

iv) Pressure Distridution on soil qmax = W/L * (1+(6*e/L))

qmin = W/L * (1-(6*e/L))
Max Pressure qmax<SBC hence pressure on base is OK

Pressure at junction of stem and qsh=qmax-((qmax-qmin)/L)*ts)

v)
heel

7 Constants for Working Stress Method

Design Constants
i) Grade of concrete 25 MPa
ii) Grade of steel 415 MPa

iii) Compr stress in concrete c

 iv) Tensile stress in steel t
v) Modular ratio m = 280/3c
vi) Neutral axis depth factor k=mc/(mc+t)
vii) Lever arm j = 1 - k/3
viii) Factor R= cjk / 2

8 Design

A) Stem
i) Beanding Moment at base of stem M = MODL + MOIL

ii) Thickness required dreq=√(Ms/(R*b)

iii) Thickness provided ts
Thickness of Stem is OK

iv) Ast required Ast = M/(t*j*tse)

v) Ast provided 20 mm dia
vi) Percentage of Steel pt = Ast/(b*d)
Steel OK

B) Base Slab
Force
i) Force due to backfill+surcharge = (H2-tb)*(L-ts)*γs
ii) Force due to inclined backfill = hi/2*(L-ts)*γs
iii) Self Weight of base slab =L *tb*γconc
∑Ws
vi) Upward soil pressure Nup = ((qsh+qmin)/2)*(L-ts)
Downward Pressure is greater

v) Bending Moment Msh = Mu-Md

vi) Thickness required dreq=√(Ms/(R*b)

vii) Thickness provided ts

viii) Ast required Ast = M/(t*j*tse)

ix) Ast provided 16 mm dia
x) Percentage of Steel pt = Ast/(b*d)
Steel OK

C) Reinforcement Details
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N OF L Shaped Cantilever RETAINING WALL
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3.00 meters
18 KN/cum
150 KN/sqm
30 degrees
0.524 radians
0 degrees
0.000 radians
0.5
4 KN/sqm

Ca 0.333

Cp 3.00

Proposed Adopted
ts min 200mm 0.20 meters
tb = 0.08 * (h + hs) 0.24 meters 0.30 meters
L = 1.5 * √(Ca/3) * (h + hs) 1.61 meters
2.20 meters
L = 0.6h to 0.65h 2.09 meters

hs = Ws/γs 0.22 meters

Hs = h+hs 3.22 meters

hi = (L-ts)* tanӨ 0.00 meters

Hi = h+hi 3.00 meters

3.22 meters

PHS = Ca*Ws*h 4 KN
PH = Ca*γs*h / 2
2
31 KN
Pa = PHS + PH 35 KN
 MOIL = PHS*h/2 7 KN
MODL = PH*h/3 33 KN
Mo = (1.2*MDIL) + (1.4*MOIL) 50 KN

Lever arm at end of stem Moment

105 KN ((L-ts) / 2) + ts 1.20 meters 126 KNm
0 KN ((L-ts) / 3) + ts 0.87 meters 0 KNm
15 KN ts / 2 0.10 meters 1 KNm
17 KN L/2 1.10 meters 18 KNm
136 KN ∑Mw 146 KNm

Safe against Overturning

Pa = PHS + PH 35 KN
F = µ*∑W 68 KN

> 1.4 Safe against Sliding

105 KN
0.77 meters
0.33 meters L/6= 0.37
rd of the base hence OK

117 KN/sqm
7 KN/sqm
essure on base is OK

107 KN/sqm

8.5 table 21 page 81 IS 456

 230
10.98
0.289
0.904
1.109

40 KN/m

0.01 meters
0.20 meters
s OK

1387 sqmm
@ 200 mm c/c 1571 sqmm
0.99 %
Steel OK

Lever arm from end of stem Moment

105 (L-ts) / 2 1.00 meters 105 KNm
0 (L-ts) / 3 0.67 meters 0 KNm
17 L/2 1.10 meters 18 KNm
122 Md 123 KNm
114 ((qsh+(2*qmin))/(qsh+qmin)) * 0.71 meters 80 KNm
greater ((L-ts)/3) Mu 80 KNm

43

0.20 meters
Thickness of Stem is OK
0.30 meters

859 sqmm
@ 150 mm c/c 1340 sqmm
0.36 %
Steel OK
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