PREPARED

BY PTT PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED

CHECKED
BY ONSHORE COMPRESSOR STATION 4
PROJECT
APPROVED
BY
CERTIFIED
(PTT)
REV. DATE REVISED APPROVED DESCRIPTION
NO. BY BY
D1 18-Feb-08 ISSUED FOR ITB
D2 11-Jun-08 ISSUED FOR ITB

SPECIFICATION FOR

PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

SPC-0804.02-50.08 REV.D2
TOTAL 11 PAGES

.
AREA CODE OF SITE LOCATION

GENERAL AREA: 010

PTT PLC. CONTRACT NO. PTT PLC. PROJECT NO.

0804.02
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CONTENTS

SECTION

1.0 GENERAL 3

2.0 METHODS OF ANALYSIS 4

3.0 BASIC ASSUMPTIONS 5

4.0 EXCEPTIONS 5

5.0 DRAWINGS DISTRIBUTION AND PROCEDURES 6

6.0 STRESS CLEARANCE AND APPROVAL 6

7.0 WALL THICKNESS CALCULATIONS 6

8.0 NOZZLE LOADINGS 7

9.0 EXPANSION BELLOWS AND JOINTS 7

10.0 SPRING SUPPORTS AND SPECIAL PIPE SUPPORTS (SPS) 7

11.0 RECORDS 8

APPENDIX I: APPLICATION OF STRESS ANALYSIS 10

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1.0 GENERAL

1.1 This specification is intended to enable the assigned Lead Stress Engineer to
follow approved procedures and techniques for carrying out their work in
accordance with the relevant piping codes and regulations.

Where conflicts exist between specification and the relevant codes and
regulations the more stringent requirement shall prevail.

1.2 Although it is recommended that the standards be adhered to closely, individual

thought and sound engineering judgement must be used at all times.

1.3 In reviewing piping isometrics, models or drawings, the stress analyst should
keep in mind that the aesthetic design of piping system is the responsibility of
the piping design groups and, therefore, should be reviewed from a stress and
support standpoint only.

Exceptions to the above should only be made when a situation is not practical or
a large economic saving is involved, keeping in mind that by making revisions
time may be lost and scheduled adversely affected.

1.4 The relevant code is ASME B 31.3.

All the requirements of these codes and regulations shall be adhered to for
systems governed by said codes and regulations.

1.5 Piping systems may be subjected to many diversified loading. Stresses caused by
pressure, weight of pipe/ fittings/ insulation/ fluids, external loading (such as
wind loads), settlements and thermal expansion and contraction are significant in
the stress analysis of piping system.

Generally, most piping movements are due to thermal expansion, but all the
above criteria shall be taken into consideration when a system is being stress
analyzed. Earthquake effects have to be considered for piping being designed for
plants situated in earthquake zones.

Flexibility analysis shall be carried out for the worst process design conditions.
Any process conditions, which give rise to impulse loading such as pressure
surge or 2-phase flow, shall also be considered. SI Units are to be used in all
calculations, results, reviews, etc.
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2.0 METHODS OF ANALYSIS

2.1 All systems not meeting the criteria in Section 4 shall be analysed by simplified,
approximate or comprehensive methods of analysis, whichever is appropriate.

2.2 Approximate or simplified methods may be applied only if they are used in the
range of configurations for which their adequacy has been demonstrated.

2.3 Acceptable comprehensive methods of analysis include computer and analytical

methods, which provide an evaluation of the forces, moments and stresses
(caused for example by the piping displacements).

CONTRACTOR to submit to PTT/CONSULTANT a manual of CONTRACTOR

proposed pipe stress computer programs as well as a few representative pipe
stress calculations demonstrating its suitability.

For this project, computer analysis shall be carried out using the Caesar II
program by COADE (Latest version).

2.4 Comprehensive methods of analysis shall include stress intensification factors for
any component (other than straight pipe), but allowances for the extra flexibility
of the component may be credited to the final analysis.

2.5 Notwithstanding the following criticality listings, the stress personnel shall be
responsible for ensuring that any other lines of a particular project that could be
considered as critical, shall be analysed.

2.6 All lines which fall into the critical line categories as listed in Paragraph 2.7&2.8,
shall be stress analysed with a comprehensive method of analysis as defined in
Clause 2.3 and 2.4.

2.7 All piping 3” and larger:

With a design temperature above oC:

a) For ferritic material 200 oC

b) For austenitic material 166 oC

With a design temperature below oC:

a) For ferritic material -230 oC

b) For austenitic material -157 oC

Shall be subject to computer analysis.

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2.8 The critical line categories shall include the following:

2.8.1 4-inch lines and larger at 150 oC and above as well as –140 oC and below for
ferritic material and 124 oC and above as well as -100 oC and below for austenitic
material.

2.8.2 8-inch lines and larger at 100 oC and above as well as –90 oC and below for
ferritic material and 83 oC and above as well as –51 oC and below for austenitic
material.

2.8.3 18-inch and larger at 75 oC and above as well as –41 oC and below for ferritic
material and 63 oC and above as well as –28 oC and below for austenitic
material.

2.8.4 All lines subject to significant displacement imposed by movement of other piping
or equipment to which they are connected regardless of size.

2.8.5 3-inch and larger, piping connected to strain sensitive equipment such as rotating
and reciprocating machinery, heaters, furnaces and air-cooled exchangers if
allowable loading are given by the supplier.

2.8.6 Lines containing bellow type expansion joints or slip joints (creased or corrugated
pipe shall not be used except on engine exhaust lines). The use of expansion
joints shall be subject to Company approval (see Chapter 9 especially).
2.8.7 All Hot oil lines (regardless of the criteria in para 2.8.1 to 2.8.6) including hot oil
vent,hot oil drain,hot oil supply and hot oil return.

3.0 BASIC ASSUMPTIONS

Any national standards and regulations appropriately specified to project

(completed by ASME B 31.3 Paragraph 319) shall be followed when standard
assumptions are to be taken into consideration. When calculating the flexibility of
a piping system between anchor points, the system shall be taken as a whole.

Consideration shall be given to all parts of the line including additional restraints
caused by support friction, restraints added to reduce loads on equipment and
small branch lines.

4.0 EXCEPTIONS

No formal analysis of adequate flexibility is required for systems described in the

following:
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4.1 Systems where the maximum temperature changes will not exceed 10 oC from
ambient.

4.2 Systems, which conform to the description given in ASME B31.3, paragraph
319.4.1 (C).

4.3 The systems are duplicates of successfully operating installations.

4.4 The system can be judged to be adequate by comparison with previously

analysed systems.

5.0 DRAWINGS DISTRIBUTION AND PROCEDURES

5.1 The assigned stress analyst shall confer with the Lead Piping Engineer and decide
which drawings are to be distributed to him. These drawings will normally be plot
plans, pipe way drawings, line designation tables, basic data, piping system
isometrics, vessel drawings and pipeline isometrics as well as piping general
arrangement drawings.

5.2 The routing of piping studies, arrangement drawings and isometrics between the
piping design group and the stress group shall be standardised and follow the
general requirements of Paragraph 6.

6.0 STRESS CLEARANCE AND APPROVAL

6.1 CONTRACTOR shall record each line stress cleared on a copy of the Line
Designation Table (LDT). CONTRACTOR shall indicate against each line number
the method of stress examination, i.e. computer, approximate or visual, and if by
computer the computer run number shall be noted against the line number.

The critical line index shall submit to PTT/CONSULTANT for comment and
approve prior start the piping analysis.

7.0 WALL THICKNESS CALCULATIONS

CONTRACTOR shall verify pipe specification.

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8.0 NOZZLE LOADINGS

8.1 CONTRACTOR shall ensure that the loading on critical vessel nozzles is
acceptable. As equipment is stress-cleared, this shall be recorded on a copy of
the equipment list.

8.2 Large items of rotating equipment such as turbines and pumps and compressors
shall have isometric drawings prepared for both suction and discharge piping.
The isometrics shall be from the last major vessel on the suction side to the first
major vessel on the discharge side and shall include all dimensions, pipe
supports, guides and anchors. The system shall be computer-analysed and a
copy of the computer analysis output showing the forces and moments at the
nozzles, shall be issued to the equipment VENDOR for approval.

8.3 Nozzle loading (on pumps, exchangers and pressure vessels) shall not exceed the
manufacturer’s allowable.

8.4 Generally the following codes/regulations are applicable:

- API 661 applying to air-cooled heat exchangers

- API 610 applying to centrifugal pumps

- NEMA SM 23 applying to steam turbines

- API 617applying to compressors

- WRC Bulletin 107 applying to spherical and cylindrical shells

9.0 EXPANSION BELLOWS AND JOINTS

CONTRACTOR shall be avoid the use of expansion bellows by building enough

flexibility into the design of piping systems. Should it become necessary, to use
expansion bellows or joints, CONTRACTOR shall issue complete data sheet
describing the full specification of the expansion joint to PTT/ CONSULTANT for
review & comment. It is necessary to obtain the writer approval of the client
before proceeding with the procurement of an expansion joint.

10.0 SPRING SUPPORTS AND SPECIAL PIPE SUPPORTS (SPS)

10.1 CONTRACTOR shall determine the following spring data preparing an appropriate
data sheet:

- spring rate (variable/constant, single/combined)

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- location

- range of horizontal and vertical movements (of spring supported pipeline

point)

- load in installation/operating condition

- preset load (if different to the above)

10.2 If it is not possible to support a pipe by using a Standard Support, then it shall be
necessary to design a Special Pipe Support, for the particular situation.

An appropriate design sketch of the SPS shall be prepared by CONTRACTOR

based on pipe stress calculation results (specified movements and loading).

11.0 RECORDS

11.1 The objective is to obtain a record in a clear and concise manner of the
calculations and results of the stress analyses as carried out.

11.2 The stress engineer shall maintain complete records of all hand and computer
calculations and make them readily available for review by PTT/CONSULTANT.

11.3 The contents of a calculation package shall be as follows:

- summarizing sheet “General Data for Stress Analysis”

- Front-sheet

- Design Data Table (DDT)

- piping general arrangements (GA)

- piping isometrics/stress sketches with node numbers

- vessel drawings/specification sheets

- (strain-sensitive) equipment drawings/spec sheets

- description of assumptions such as, spring rates, imposed displacements

induced by ground settlements and/or thermal expansion/ contraction,
pipe allowances etc.
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- description of load cases, i.e. single and combined, imposed external loads
and dynamics, cold pull, range investigations (hot and cold services) etc.

- any other special items/considerations

11.3.1 Computer print-outs of the following:

- Overall plot of total piping system analyzed showing the undeformed

geometry at least.

- summarizing list of all movements of the displaced piping system

- summarizing list of all support reaction loads.

- summarizing list of pipe element forces/moments if required, i.e. checking

and specifying the expansion joints and other pipe components (valves)

- stress summary of sustained/occasional/displacement strains, including a

check versus the code allowable stress (showing the applied stress
intensification factors).

11.3.2 Other required documents – if applicable:

- spring support data sheets

- special pipe support drawings

- expansion joint data sheets

- verification of equipment loads versus the allowable (according to

supplier’s or applying codes/regulations)
- any other special results/comments

- Line Designation Table (LDT), summarizing all pipe stress calculations

11.3.3 Electronic files shall submit to PTT/CONSULTANT for review/comment up on

required.
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APPENDIX I: APPLICATION OF STRESS ANALYSIS

APPLICATION OF PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

Chart-1 for Ferritic Material

Design Temp
(oC)
250
CLASS I

200 200

150 150
CLASS II
100 100
75
50
CLASSIII
0
-41
-50

-90
100
CLASS II
- 140
-150

-200
- 230
-250 CLASS I

1/2 -2 3 4 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 26 28 30 32 36 40 44 48

PIPE SIZE
(INCH)
Checking Grades of pipe stress analysis shall be as follow :

Class I COMPUTER ANALYSIS

Records shall be submitted to PTT/CONSULTANT.

Class II COMPUTER ANALYSIS

Records shall be kept by CONTRACTOR, to be submitted to
PTT/CONSULTANT

Class III Judgement.

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Chart-2 for Austenitic Material

Design Temp (oC)

250
CLASS I

200
166
150
124 CLASS II
100
83
63
50

0 CLASSIII
-28
-50 -51

-100 -100

CLASS II
-150
- 157
-200

-250 CLASS I
1/2 -2 3 4 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 26 28 30 32 36 40 44 48

PIPE SIZE (INCH)

Checking Grades of pipe stress analysis shall be as follow :

Class I COMPUTER ANALYSIS

Records shall be submitted to PTT/CONSULTANT.

Class II COMPUTER ANALYSIS

Records shall be kept by CONTRACTOR, to be submitted to
PTT/CONSULTANT.

Class III Judgement.

Classification for Checking Grades shall be as per Chart-1 for ferritic material and
Chart-2 for austenitic material. (According to Paragraph 2.7-2.8)