Chapter 2

I Study in Order to
Purpose and Onjective
Most of the tie, we do something for a reason. We have an objective and a purpose for doing an
action or an activity. Purpose is the reason for which something is done or for which something exists.
Objective or intention is the goal or aim of doing something. We can state our purpose and objective
of doing something by using some conjunctions like below.
1. In order (to/that)
The conjunction or prepositional phrase ‘in order’ is followed by to + infinitive clause or a that-
clause. The following ‘that-clause’ is often constructed with a modal ‘may’ or ‘might’. The
prepositional phrase ‘in order’ is often omitted in informal speech.
Subject + Predicate Adjunct
NP + V Preposition Infinitive/that-clause
The doctor operated In order to Save his patient’s life.
In order that He might save his patient’s
life
Example :
- She left work early in order to meet her children.
- I am leaving now in order not to be late.
(Not : I am leaving now in order to not be late).
2. So that
The conjunction ‘so’ is followed by a that-clause which is often constructed with a modal ‘can,
‘will’ or ‘may’. “That” in the sentence is often omitted in informal speech. Conjunction ‘so’ can
also be followed by ‘as not to’ if the following clause is a negative one.
Note : Do not place a comma before so, because it changes the meaning to show “result”.
Subject + Predicate Adjunct
NP + V Preposition Infinitive/that-clause
The doctor operated So that He could save his patient’s life.
Example :
- I am saving money so that I can buy a new car.
- She arrives at the railway station earlier so as not to miss her train.
(Not : She arrives at the railway station earlier so that she cannot miss her train.)
3. To
To + Verb
Example :
- I’m going to Ireland to visit my family
- I phoned Jenny to invite her for dinner.
(Not : I phoned Jenny for invite her for dinner)
4. For
For + Verb-ing
Example :
- I buy a new mobile phone for contacting my parents.
- We come to the festival for watching the performance of that famous indie band.
(Not : We come to the festival to watching the performance of that famous indie band.)
NOTE
a. ‘In order to’ and ‘so as to’ are more formal and more common to be written before verbs like :
be, have, know, appear, seem, understand, etc.
 Example :
- I am planning to move house so as to be closer to my place of work
- I asked in order to know anything about this case
b. ‘So that’ is also frequently used to talk about purpose. It is normally followed by modal such as
‘can’ or ‘will’. ‘so that’ is less formal and often reduced to ‘so’ in informal use.
Example :
I like to buy discounted product so (that) I can save more money for other needs.
c. ‘So that’ and ‘in order to’ need a subject/verb.
Example :
I did this so that I could be ore focus on finishing my work.
d. Before a negative infinitive, we normally use ‘so as’ or ‘in order’. Both mean ‘agar tidak’ in
Indonesian.
Example :
In order not to miss the train, I started early.
(Not : Not to miss the train, I started early)
e. Do not use ‘for’ before the infinitive of purpose.
Example :
I phoned Jenny to invite her for dinner.
(Not : I phoned Jenny for invite her for dinner)

 Exercise
Task 1
Match the situation to the suitable purpose or objective !
1. My father has a toothache a. in order to not miss the first flight
2. Anna woke up early b. to make the school project
3. I will clean the house c. so that he went to the dentist
4. I bought a new drawing book d. for preparing the performance
5. They are practicing hard e. in order that my ralatives visit me here

Task 2
Complete the sentence by choosing the correct conjunction in the bracket!
1. My mother walks to the market (for/so/in order to) saving the money on transportation.
2. The students are studying hard (in order to/so that/for) they can get good grades.
3. Mrs. Jesslyn bake a tart (so/in order that/to) celebrate Jerry’s birthday.
4. The players go to the stadium (for/to/in order that) they can practice there.
5. I attend the seminar (for/so that/to) I can learn about global warming.
6. Ario sends the present to Shinta (in order that/to/for) congrulate her on the performance.
7. The car is being fixed (so/for/in order to) we can use it comfortably.
8. Wendy called me (so that/for/ in order to) invite me to the party.
9. We go to the concert early (for/in order that/to) we get the best spot to watch.
10. Renata wears a thick jacket on winter (for/to/so) protection on the cold weather.

Agreement and Disagreement

When someone expresses his/her opinion about something, we can state our agreement or
disagreement. Agreement is a condition when we have the same opinion as other person does, or
when we approve or accept something. Disagreement, on the other hand, is a condition when we
have different opinion, or we object other’s opinion. To ask for agreement, you can say :
 Don’t you think so?
 Don’t you think that…?
 Do you agree with me/my idea?
 Do you agree or disagree?
 Wouldn’t you agree (that)…?
 Wouldn’t you say (that)…?
 Will you agree with…?
 How/What do you think/feel about it?
Below are some expressions of agreeing and disagreeing that you can use :
Agreeing Disagreeing
 Absolutely/Definitely!  I disagree
 I agree (with you)  I don’t agree
 It’s true  I object your opinion
 You’re right  I’m not sure (if) I agree (with you about
 That’s right/true that)
 I know right  I wouldn’t say that
 No doubt about it  I wouldn’t go as far as (to say) that
 I wish I could agree (with you), but…
Example :
Suzanne : This beach is surely a nice place to spend holiday.
Amber : I agree with you. Unfortunately, it is quite dirty.
Suzanne : Oh, I don’t think so. I’ve visited many beaches that are a lot dirtier than this one.

 Exercise
Task 1
Fill in the blanks with suitable expression on the box!
Mino : Hey, look at these trashes! It is so dirty here.
Aqilla : Yes, this city garden is a public place …..(1)
Mino : …. (2). I think people will not littering if they had find trash can around them. The
government should provide more trash can in public places.
Aqilla : Well, that is understrandable. …. (3), it is our responsibility to keep the environment clean,
so whether or not the place has trash can, we still shouldn’t littering.
Mino : …. (4) But, if there are enough trash can, people will be easier in keeping the environment
clean.
Aqilla : …. (5)

a. I can’t completely agree with your opinion

b. People should take care of their own trash
c. You’re right about the responsibility
d. No doubt on that
e. But. In my opinion
Task 2
Answer the question based on the dialogue in Task 1!
1. Where is the conversation take place?
2. What happened there?
3. Mention the expressions of agreeing!
4. Mention the expressions if disagreeing!
 5. What is the best solution of the problem in the dialogue?

 Acitivity 1
Task 1
Complete the sentence with your own words creatively!
1. I always study hard in order to …
2. Young people have to work hard so that …
3. When we have a traveling, we need to see the map for …
4. We eat some food everday in order that …
5. School should be strict to students to …

Task 2
Complete the dialogue with the expressions of agreement and disagreement based on yourself
creatively!
1. A : I think eating fast food is better than being in hunger.
B : …………………………………………………………………………………
2. A : In y view, street musician is better than the beggar.
B : …………………………………………………………………………………
3. A : In my opinion, it is cruel to keep animals on the cage.
B : …………………………………………………………………………………
4. A : For me, young people like to play games more than studying their lessons.
B : …………………………………………………………………………………
5. A : I think living in a countryside is better than living in the city.
B : …………………………………………………………………………………

Competence Test
Choose the correct answer by crossing (x) a, b, c, or, d !
Edo: The government plans to raise the 3. The underlined expression expresses …
water bill next month. Mother: You know that Mira always takes
Rita: _____ It will increase the number of sleeping lately to solve her problems.
poor people. Father: That’s wrong. It can be dangerous
1. The suitable expression to complete the for her life if she doesn’t change her bad
dialogue is … habit.
A. I agree with you A. Sympathy
B. I totally disagree B. Possibility
C. I don’t disagree C. Agreement
D. I agree D. Disagreement

Ratna: Dian, I think Riri is responsible for 4. The suitable expression to complete the
this matter. dialogue is …
Dian: Well, I don’t know. Windy: Is Bandung Mall near here?
2. From the dialogue, we may assume that Mia: Yes, it is.
… Jack: _____ it’s about 100 kilometers
A. Dian agrees with Ratna from here.
B. Dian disagrees with Ratna Windy: Oh, really?.
C. Dian has no idea about the case A. I disagree with you
D. Dian cannot accept the fact B. I quite agree
 C. I think so too B. Yes, I will
D. It certainly is C. No, I will not
D. No. I won’t
5. The suitable expression to complete the
dialogue is … Azka : “Taken” is the best movie ever.
Maya: So, where will we go? Fatih : I don’t think so. It is totally an
Nury: How about the beach? irrational movie
Jane: _______. We have visited a lot of 11. From the conversation above, we can
beaches this year. assume that ...
June: Kuta? Kuta beach sounds A. Fatih totally disagrees with Azka
interesting, right?. B. Fatih doesn’t understand Azka’s
A. That’s so true opinion
B. I quite agree C. Fatih is confused with Azka’s opinion
C. I think so too D. Fatih doesn’t like Azka’s opinion
D. I don’t think so
12. Clark : Dan Brown’s books are
6. Some monkeys,_____use their tails in a masterpieces.
way similar to a hand. John : ... He must have gotten many
A. like the spider monkey awards for what he has written.
B. spider monkey likes A. I’m not sure
C. to the spider monkey B. I have no idea
D. the monkey likes the spider C. That must be true
D. I am doubtful about it
7. Your friend says, ” Let us go out tonight”
and you think it’s a good idea. You say: 13. Chandra : I’m sure the end of the world
A. Yes, I agree will be in 2020.
B. Yes, I am agreeing Satya : Well, I really disagree with you.
C. No, I am not God knows the best.
D. I doubt so A. Satya is doubtful about it
B. Satya has the same opinion with
8. Someone says, ”It’s hot today” and you Chandra
disagree. You say: C. Satya totally cannot accept Chandra’s
A. Yes, I agree opinion
B. Yes, I am not D. Satya doesn’t know what to say
C. No, I do not agree
D. I think so 14. Soni : Doni, I think the one who is
responsible for this case is Michael
9. Your friend is talking about a movie you Doni : Hmmm ... I don’t know.
both saw and says it was fantastic. You A. Doni agrees with Soni
agree and say: B. Doni disagrees with Soni
A. Yes, I absolutely agree C. Doni has idea about the case
B. Yes, I completely agree D. Doni cannot accept the fact
C. No, I do not agree
D. I think so 15. Yoel : ...
Awan : I don’t think so. Every country
10. You won’t go to work tomorrow, will you? must take part in reducing gas
… ( Disagree ) emmissions.
A. Yes, I want
 A. Advanced countries are the ones who 20. Mars,___has two satelllites.
must be responsible for the gas A. which the fourth planet from the sun
emmissions they have been B. it is the fourth planet from the sun
producing. C. the fourth planet from the sun
B. Developing countries must take part D. is the fourth planet of the sun
in reducing gas emmissions.
C. There must be no difference in
burden between advanced and 21. Built at the beginning of the century, the
developing countries. library of congress houses one of the
D. Advanced countries are not the only largest____
ones who must be responsible. A. and fine
B. and finest
16. Some of the shops I wanted to see____no C. or finest
longer in city D. yat fine
A. is
B. are 22. oscillatona, one of the few plants that can
C. have move about,_____a wavy, gliding motion.
D. were A. having
B. has
17. feng shul is a system of laws considered C. being
to govern spatial arrangement D. with
and____the flow of energy and whose
favorable or unfavorable effects are taken 23. Some monkeys,_____use their tails in a
into account when sitting and designing way similar to a hand
buildings A. like the spider monkey
A. Orientation in its relation of B. spider monkey likes
B. Orientation to the relationship of C. to the spider monkey
C. Orientation relating to D. the monkey likes the spider
D. Orientation relating to
24. true hibernation takes place only
18. The police_____investigating the crime among____animals
A. is A. whose blood is warm
B. Are B. blood warm
C. to be C. warm-blooded
D. was D. they have warm blood

19. Nothing went wrong ehen the director 25. in a hot sunny climates, man acclimatizes
was gone____? by eating less, drinking more liquids,
A. did it wearing lighter clothing , and____
B. didn’t it A. skin changes that darken
C. was it B. his skin may darken
D. wasn’t it C. experiencing a darkening of the skin
D. darkens his skin