INTRODUCTION TO THE

SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF
EDUCATION

Crizaldy B. Valeros
Wilma dela punta
INTRODUCTION
Sociology
 the scientific study of human social behavior.
Is concerned with all group activities:
economic, social, political, and religious.
Social Dimension
concern for the values, norms, rules, and roles.
One of the greatest sources of influence on human
behavior, emanating from the cultural dimension
INTRODUCTION
Sociologists see education as one the major institutions that constitutes
society.
While the theories guide research and policy formulation in the
sociology of education, they also provide logical explanations for why
things happen the way they do.
These theories help sociologists understand educational systems.
Theories
Beliefs, policies, or procedures proposed or followed as the basis of action.
 CONSENSUS AND CONFLICT THEORY
Consensus  Conflict
is a general or widespread
 is a clash between ideas,
agreement among all members of
principles and people.
a particular society
CONSENSUS
 Shared norms and values as
fundamental to society.
 Focus on social order based on
tacit agreement.
 Socialchange occurs in slow
and orderly fashion
CONFLICT
Emphasize the dominance of some
social groups
See social order as manipulation
and dominant groups.
Social change occurs rapidly and in
disorderly fashion as subordinate
groups overthrow dominant groups.
CONSENSUS CONFLICT
 Examine value integration in  Examine conflicts of interest
society. and coercion that holds society
 Absence of conflict is seen as together.
the equilibrium sets on a society  Can be COVERT OR OVERT
based on a general or
 Focus on the heterogeneous
widespread agreement among
all members of a particular nature of society and the
society. differential distribution of
political and social power.
What is the impact of conflict theory in
the Philippine education system?

Schools contribute to the unequal distribution of

people into jobs in society.
Powerful members-best positions
Less powerful groups (minority, ethnic, racial,
women)- lowest rank
What is the role of education in assuming
the conflict theory?

Education plays in maintaining the prestige,

power, and economic and social position of the
dominant group in society.
 Max Weber- schools teach and
maintain particular “status
Status cultures refer to culture”
groups in society with similar Schools are homogeneous in their
interests and positions in the student bodies.
status hierarchy. Education system trains
individuals in specialties to fill
needed positions or prepare
“cultivated individuals”.
How do people or an organization settle a
conflict?
Conflict theory assumes that social behavior is best
understood in terms of conflict or tensions between
competing group.
Conflicts need not be violent; it can take the form of labor
negotiations, party politics, competition between religious
groups.
The conflict theorists are interested in how society’s
institutions-the family, government, religion,
education, and the media-may help o maintain the
privileges of some groups and keep others in
subservient position.
Emphasis on social change and redistribution of
resources makes conflict theories more “radical” and
“activist”.
The consensus theory is a sociological perspective or
collection of theories, in which social order and
stability/social regulation form the base of emphasis.
It is concerned with the maintenance or continuation
of social order society, in relation to accepted norms,
values rules, and regulations of society.
 THE CONFLICT MODEL
Social structures produce patterns of inequality
in the distribution of scarce resources

Conflict

Reorganization and change

The proponents of consensus and conflict
sociological and social theories are:
Karl Marx
Emile Durkheim
Talcott Parsons & Robert Merton
Louis Althusser & Ralph Dahrendorf
Herbert Mead & Herbert Blumer
 STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM
Structural Functionalism states that society is made up of
various institutions that work together in cooperation.
Itseeks society as a structure with interrelated parts designed
to meet the biological and social needs of the individuals in
that society.
A framework for building theory that sees society as a
complex system whose parts work together to promote
solidarity and stability.
 SOCIOLOGISTS
• HERBERT SPENCER (1820-1903)
• EMILE DURKHEIM
• ROBERT MERTON (1910-2003)
• TALCOTT PARSONS
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM
PARSON’S AGIL SCHEME
1. Adaptation - a system must cope with external
situational exigencies. It must adapt to its
environment and adapt environment to its needs.
2. Goal attainment - a system must define and
achieve its primary goals.
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM
3. Integration - a system must regulate the interrelationship
of its component parts. It must also manage the
relationship among the other three functional
imperatives (A,G,L).
4. Latency (pattern maintenance) - a system must furnish,
maintain and renew both the motivation of individuals
and the cultural patterns that create and sustain the
motivation.
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM

Key principles of the functionalist theory by Farley 1990.

1. Interdependency
2. Functions of social structure and culture
3. Consensus and cooperation
4. equilibrium
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL MODEL

Social structure provide preset patterns

which evolve to meet human needs

Stability, order Maintenance of

and harmony society
Reference:
• https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/jodasig/soc-di