7/19/2019 Jazz - Wikipedia

Jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities
of New Orleans, United States.[1] It originated in the late 19th and early 20th
Jazz
centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.[2] Jazz is seen by Stylistic Blues · ragtime ·
many as "America's classical music".[3] Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has origins spirituals · folk ·
become recognized as a major form of musical expression. It then emerged in marches · classical ·
the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by music of West Africa
the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical Cultural Late 19th century,
parentage with a performance orientation.[4] Jazz is characterized by swing origins Southern United States
and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.
Typical piano · trumpet ·
Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical expression, and in
instruments trombone · saxophone
African-American music traditions including blues and ragtime, as well as
· clarinet · keyboards ·
European military band music.[5] Intellectuals around the world have hailed
double bass · drums ·
jazz as "one of America's original art forms".[6]
guitar · vocals
As jazz spread around the world, it drew on national, regional, and local Subgenres
musical cultures, which gave rise to different styles. New Orleans jazz began
Avant-garde jazz · bebop · big band ·
in the early 1910s, combining earlier brass-band marches, French quadrilles,
chamber jazz · cool jazz · free jazz ·
biguine, ragtime and blues with collective polyphonic improvisation. In the
gypsy jazz · hard bop · Latin jazz ·
1930s, heavily arranged dance-oriented swing big bands, Kansas City jazz, a
mainstream jazz · modal jazz ·
hard-swinging, bluesy, improvisational style and Gypsy jazz (a style that
M-Base · neo-bop · post-bop ·
emphasized musette waltzes) were the prominent styles. Bebop emerged in
progressive jazz · soul jazz · swing ·
the 1940s, shifting jazz from danceable popular music toward a more
third stream · traditional jazz
challenging "musician's music" which was played at faster tempos and used
Fusion genres
more chord-based improvisation. Cool jazz developed near the end of the
1940s, introducing calmer, smoother sounds and long, linear melodic lines. Acid jazz · Afrobeat · bluegrass ·
bossa nova · dansband · folk jazz ·
The 1950s saw the emergence of free jazz, which explored playing without free funk · humppa · Indo jazz ·
regular meter, beat and formal structures, and in the mid-1950s, hard bop jam band · jazzcore · jazz-funk ·
emerged, which introduced influences from rhythm and blues, gospel, and jazz fusion · jazz rap · kwela · Mambo
blues, especially in the saxophone and piano playing. Modal jazz developed in · Manila Sound · nu jazz · neo soul ·
the late 1950s, using the mode, or musical scale, as the basis of musical punk jazz · ska jazz · smooth jazz ·
structure and improvisation. Jazz-rock fusion appeared in the late 1960s and swing revival · Western swing ·
early 1970s, combining jazz improvisation with rock music's rhythms, electric world fusion
instruments, and highly amplified stage sound. In the early 1980s, a
Regional scenes
commercial form of jazz fusion called smooth jazz became successful,
Australia · Armenia · Azerbaijan ·
garnering significant radio airplay. Other styles and genres abound in the
Balkans (Bulgaria) · Baltimore ·
2000s, such as Latin and Afro-Cuban jazz.
Belgium · Brazil · Canada · Chicago ·
Cuba · Denmark · France · Germany
· Haiti · India · Iran · Italy · Japan ·
Contents Kansas City · Malawi · Netherlands ·
Etymology and definition New Orleans · New York City ·
Poland · South Africa (Cape Town) ·
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Elements and issues Spain · Sweden · United Kingdom ·

Improvisation West Coast United States
Tradition and race
Roles of women
Other topics

Origins and early history Jazz clubs · Jazz standard ·

Blended African and European music sensibilities Jazz (word)
African rhythmic retention
Afro-Cuban influence
Ragtime
Blues
New Orleans
Swing in the early 20th century
Other regions
The Jazz Age
Swing in the 1920s and 1930s
The influence of Duke Ellington
Beginnings of European jazz
Post-war jazz
Bebop
Afro-Cuban jazz (cu-bop)
Dixieland revival
Hard bop
Modal jazz
Free jazz
Latin jazz
African-inspired
Jazz fusion
Jazz-funk
Traditionalism in the 1980s
Smooth jazz
Acid jazz, nu jazz, and jazz rap
Punk jazz and jazzcore
M-Base
1990s–present
See also
Notes
References
External links

Etymology and definition

The origin of the word "jazz" has resulted in considerable research, and its history is well documented. It is believed to be
related to "jasm", a slang term dating back to 1860 meaning "pep, energy".[7] The earliest written record of the word is in a
1912 article in the Los Angeles Times in which a minor league baseball pitcher described a pitch which he called a "jazz
ball" "because it wobbles and you simply can't do anything with it".[7]

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