Total No. of Questions : 10] SEAT No.

P2489 [Total No. of Pages : 4

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T.E. (Mechanial)

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HEAT TRANSFER

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(2015 Pattern)

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Time : 2.30 Hours]
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Instructions to the candidates:9/1
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1) Assume suitable data if necessary.
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2) Figure to the right indicate full marks.

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3) Use of scientific calculator is allowed.

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Q1) a) Derive three Dimensional general heat conduction equation in Cartesian
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co- ordinates for an isotropic material for unsteady state condition with

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uniform internal heat generation. [7]

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b) What is unsteady state? Define internal temperature gradient. When it
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can be neglected? [3]

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Q2) a) An electric conductor of 10mm diameter insulated by PVC (k = 0.18 W/mK)

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is located in air at 30° C. The air has convective heat transfer coefficient
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of 7.8 W/m2K. If the surface temperature of base conductor is 85° C,

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calculate- i) Current carrying capacity of conductor when 2 mm thick

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insulation is provided. Resistivity of conductor is 70 ×10–8 W m ii) Critical
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Insulation thickness iii) Maximum current carrying capacity iv) Percentage
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increase in current carrying capacity by providing critical insulation. [7]

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b) What is insulated Boundary Condition? Explain with diagram. [3]

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Q3) a) Explain time constant and response of thermocouple. [4]

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b) What is Economical Thickness of Insulation? Explain with diagram. [4]

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c) Explain different types of insulating materials. [2]

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Q4) a) One end of a long rod 3 cm in diameter is inserted into a furnace with the
outer end projecting into the outside air. Once the steady state is reached

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the temperature of the rod is measured at two points, 15 cm apart and

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found to be 140° C and 100° C, when the atmospheric air is at 30° C
with convection coefficient of 20 W/m2 K. Calculate the thermal

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conductivity of the rod material. [7]

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b) Explain difference between fin efficiency and fin effectiveness. [3]
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Q5) a) Explain the significance of following dimensionless Numbers : [10]
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i) Prandtl Number
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ii) Grashoff Number

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iii) Reynold Number
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iv) Nusselt Number

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v) Biot Number
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b) Explain with a neat sketch development of Hydrodynamic boundary layer

and Thermal boundary layer assuming constant wall temperature, for
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fluid flow through a conduit. [6]

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Q6) a) A refrigerated truck on the high way is moving at a speed of 90 km/hr in

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a desert area where the air temperature is 70° C. The body of a truck can
be summed as rectangular box 9 m long, 3 m wide and 2 m high. 9
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Consider the boundary layer is turbulent over all the surfaces and
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temperature of the surface is 10°C. Neglect the heat transfer from front
and back end of the truck, find- [10]
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i) Heat transfer coefficient for this situation.

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ii) Heat loss per hour from the surface.

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Data : r = 1.128kg/m3, Cp = 1.007 kJ/kg.K,

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v (Kinematic Viscosity) = 16.96 × 10–6 m2/sec, k = 0.027 W/mK

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Use the following co relation -

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Nu = 0.036 Re0.8. Pr0.33

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 b) What is the difference between Forced Convection and natural
Convection. [6]
Q7) a) Write a note on : [6]

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i) Radiation Shape Factor

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ii) Radiation Shield

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b) Calculate all view factors for conical geometry shown in figure 1 Assume

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F1–2 = 0.117.
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Q8) a) Write the statements and mathematical expressions of the following laws
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in radiation heat transfer - [10]
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i) Plank’s law
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ii) Wien’s law

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iii) Kirchoff’s law

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iv) Lambert’s cosine rule

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v) Stefan’s boltzman’s law

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b) What is a gray body? How does it differ from a black body? What is a
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diffuse gray surface? [6]

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Q9) a) Derive an expression for LMTD of counter flow heat exchanger. [6]
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b) Compare Film wise and drop wise condensation. [4]

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c) Water enters the tubs of a small single pass heat exchanger at 20°C and
leaves at 40 °C on the shell side 25 Kg/min of steam condensed at
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60 °C. Calculate the over all heat transfer coefficient and the required
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flow rate of water if the area of the exchanger is 12 m2 (the latent heat of
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condensation of steam is 2358.7 kJ/kg.K at 60 °C) take specific heat of

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water as 4174 J/kg.K. [8]

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Q10)a) Explain the phenomenon of nucleate boiling. List the factors that affect

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nucleate boiling. [4]

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b) Derive an expression for effectiveness of parallel flow heat exchanger.[6]

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c) What is design and selection criteria for heat exchanger? [4]

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d) What is Active cooling and Passive cooling methods? [4]
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