California Treasures. Grade 6. Visual Vocabulary Resources PDF

Grade 6
Program Author
Dr. Diane August
Educational Researcher
• Principal Investigator, Developing Literacy in Second-Language
Learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on Language-
Minority Children and Youth
• Member of the New Standards Literacy Project, Grades 4-5
Program Consultant
Dr. Cheryl Dressler
Literacy Consultant- English Learners
cover photography credits:

(t) MedioImages/Getty Images; (bl) Creatas Images/Jupiterimages; (br) SW Productions/Getty Images.
B
Published by Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, of McGraw-Hill Education, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,

Two Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10121
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. These Visual Vocabulary Resources may be
displayed in a classroom setting for use with Treasures, provided such display includes a copyright notice in the name
of Macmillan/McGraw-Hill. No other use of these Visual Vocabulary Resources is permitted without the prior written
consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, network storage or transmission, or
broadcast for distance learning.
Printed in the United States of America
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 071 12 11 10 09
Contents
Unit 1 Unit 4
Week 1 Key Vocabulary...........................................................................1 Week 1 Key Vocabulary......................................................................205
Function Words and Phrases ................................................9 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................213
Basic Words .............................................................................. 13 Basic Words ............................................................................217
Week 2 Key Vocabulary........................................................................ 15 Week 2 Key Vocabulary......................................................................219
Function Words and Phrases ............................................. 23 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................227
Unit 2 Unit 5
Function Words and Phrases ...........................................103 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................307
Basic Words ............................................................................107 Basic Words ............................................................................ 311
Week 4 Key Vocabulary......................................................................109 Week 4 Key Vocabulary......................................................................313
Function Words and Phrases ........................................... 117 Function Words and Phrases ...........................................321
Basic Words ............................................................................121 Basic Words ............................................................................325
Unit 3 Unit 6
English Language Development Vocabulary ... 408A
How to
Use this Book
Visual Vocabulary Resources—A New Classroom Resource
Purpose and Use
The Visual Vocabulary Resources book provides teachers using the Macmillan/McGraw-Hill California
Treasures reading program photo-word cards that visually introduce specific vocabulary from the
program. The photos are intended to preteach vocabulary to English learners and Approaching Level
students, as well as offer additional, meaningful language and concept support to these students.
The photo-word cards are designed to interrelate with the English Learners and Approaching Small
Groups lessons and the English Learner Resource lessons, all of which are designed to support the EL
and struggling reader population. The Visual Vocabulary Resources book is referenced specifically in
those lessons.
Key
Vocab
Unit
2 Wee ulary
Vocabulary Words k 2 Da
ily Lif
e in
Ancie
nt Gree
ce
Wor
In the first half of the book, the photo-word cards support three categories of vocabulary in the core d1
featu
re
reading program:
1. Key Vocabulary These are the Key Words as introduced to the entire class in the core vocabulary
lesson and core selection. Students of all levels of language acquisition are taught these words:
Beginning, Early Intermediate, Intermediate, and Early Advanced.
2. Function Words and Phrases These are idioms, adverbs, two-word verbs, and other words Wor
d2
foun
datio
Basic Words
cinnamon, seafood, chocolate, n
and phrases of particular use to English learners. Function Words and Phrases are also drawn Unit 1 Week 1
Nothing Ever Happens
on 90th Street
mousse, coffee, pizza
from the core selection, but will not be taught to the whole group as part of the core les-
son. Students of all levels of language acquisition are taught these words: Beginning, Early
Intermediate, Intermediate, and Early Advanced. A6V VR
_C A_U
2W 2_R
D 10_k
ey.indd
83
3. Basic Words These words are chosen from the core selection, to fit a specific thematic category cinnamon seafood chocolate
that will help EL learners increase their depth of vocabulary. These words are not singled out for 2/13/
08
instruction to the whole group. Only students at the Beginning and Early Intermediate levels of
language acquisition are taught these words.
mousse coffee pizza
The second half of the book supports the vocabulary presented in the English Language ROUTINE
1. Display the card.
Function Words and Phrases
Unit 3 Week 3 Saving Grace
Word 1 to capture the spirit
Development component of the California Treasures reading program. The ELD Vocabulary
2. Define each word in English, referring to the photograph.
Incorporate actions where appropriate.
3. Have children say the word three times.
4. Explain how these six words fit into a group, or category. During
independent work time, have children write sentences for each word.
presented is selected from the weekly Skill-Based English Learners Practice Reader. In the place of © MacMillan McGraw-Hill • photo credits: (tl) © Jonnie Miles/Photodisc/Getty Images. (tc) © Stockbyte/Digital Vision/Getty Images. (tr) © C Squared Studios/Photodisc/Getty Images.
(bl) © D. Fischer and P. Lyons/Cole Group/Photodisc/Getty Images. (bm) © Pixtal/SuperStock. (br) © Jupiterimages/Brand X Pictures/Alamy Images.
13
the Basic Words categories, there are Content Words drawn from ELD Content Book selections.
Structure of Book
The Key Vocabulary and Function Words and Phrases sections both have two photos on each right-hand Word 2 tough enough
page. Each photo represents one vocabulary word. The teacher script is located on the back of each
card directly behind its accompanying photo. The Basic Words section shows six photos per page,
followed by a teacher routine. The ELD Content Words section mimics this format with 4 to 6 words per
page.
Teacher Scripts
The lessons found on the Key Vocabulary, Function Words and Phrases, and ELD Vocabulary sections are
interactive in approach. They define the vocabulary words in English and Spanish, point out cognates
(where appropriate), and provide strategies to get students talking and using the new language as
much as possible; for example students:
• chorally pronounce the word to focus on articulation
• partner talk with structured sentence frames to use the word in oral speech
• role-play to make the word come to life and use in everyday situations
• connect the word to known words and phrases through sentence replacement activities
• engage in movement activities to experience the word’s meaning
The techniques make instruction engaging and memorable for students. These low-risk ways to practice
speaking help students make connections and develop understanding as they acquire vocabulary.
iv
Key Vocabulary Word 1 sensational
Unit 1 Week 1 Nothing Ever Happens on 90th Street
Word 2 precarious
Key Vocabulary Word 1 sensational
TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the
1. One word in the selection is sensational. Say word sensational. See the steep cliff walls that
it with me: sensational. To be sensational is to have formed these mountains. It looks like the
be wonderful or great. Last summer, I went on top of the mountains touch the clouds in the
vacation in the mountains. The view from the sky. The view is absolutely sensational!
top of the mountains was sensational! 5. Discuss with a partner how this picture
2. En español, sensational quiere decir “fantástico, illustrates the word sensational. Share your
impresionante o llamativo, sensacional.” Si algo ideas with the class.
es sensacional, llama la atención. El verano 6. Work with your partner to name as many
pasado mi familia pasó las vacaciones en las things as you can that can be described using
montañas. ¡La vista del sol saliendo encima de the word sensational. Explain why each one of
las montañas fue sensacional! these things could be considered sensational.
3. Sensational in English and sensacional in 7. Now let’s say sensational together three more
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost times: sensational, sensational, sensational.
the same and mean the same thing in both
languages.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 precarious

1. Another word in the selection is precarious. word precarious. (Point to the house in the
Say it with me: precarious. When something photo.) See how the dirt on the hill is wearing
is precarious it means it is “dangerous and away. The hill supports the house. The house
unstable.” Some houses are built on the sides is in a precarious, or unstable, position. If the
of hills or mountains. These homes can be dirt continues to wear away, the house could
put in precarious positions when the hills or slide down the hill and be destroyed.
mountains become damaged. 5. Discuss with a partner why you consider the
2. En español, precarious quiere decir ”peligroso house to be in a precarious position. Share
e inestable, precario.” Algunas casas son your ideas with the class. (The house looks like
construidas sobre colinas o al lado de it could fall down the hill.)
montañas. Cuando algo le sucede a estas 6. Work with your partner to use the word
colinas o montañas, estas casas son puestas en precarious in a sentence. Use the sentence
una posición precaria: pueden ser dañadas o frame: This house is in a precarious position
derrumbadas. because .
3. Precarious in English and precario in Spanish 7. Now let’s say precarious together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: precarious, precarious, precarious.
and mean the same thing in both languages.
2
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 extravagant
Word 4 unimaginable
Key Vocabulary Word 3 extravagant

1. Another word in the selection is extravagant. word extravagant. Look at the extravagant
Say it with me: extravagant. When something limousine driving through the city. What
is extravagant it means that it is “extreme and a long, fancy car! Most people don’t ride
far beyond what you would normally expect.” in limousines every day. It must be a very
The fresh rose petals, silk tablecloths, and important person riding in the extravagant
jeweled candles were some of the extravagant limousine.
decorations at the school dance. 5. Discuss why you might use the word
2. En español, extravagant quiere decir ”fuera de extravagant to describe this picture. Share
las expectativas normales, extravagante.” Los your ideas with the class. (The limousine is
pétalos de rosas frescos, los manteles de seda very fancy! This might be a famous person’s
y las velas enjoyadas fueron algunas de las car. I think at least 10 people can fit in it.)
decoraciones extravagantes en el baile 6. Think about something you would describe
del colegio. as extravagant. Share your idea with your
3. Extravagant in English and extravagante in partner and discuss why it is extravagant.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say extravagant together three more
the same and mean the same thing in both times: extravagant, extravagant, extravagant.
languages.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 unimaginable

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates
1. Another word in the selection is unimaginable. the word unimaginable. (Point to the tops
Say it with me: unimaginable. When of the houses.) What you see in this picture
something is unimaginable it is shocking and are the tops of houses. This used to be a
hard to believe. The damage from a terrible neighborhood. A terrible storm brought so
storm can be unimaginable. The wind and rain much rain to this area that all the homes were
from terrible storms can destroy all the homes destroyed.
in a neighborhood in a very short period of 5. Discuss with a partner how this picture
time. illustrates the word unimaginable. Share your
2. En español, unimaginable quiere decir ”que ideas with the class.
no se puede predecir, pensar o imaginar, 6. Pretend you live in this neighborhood. Work
inimaginable.” El daño causado por una fuerte with a partner to describe this unimaginable
tormenta puede ser inimaginable. El viento y situation to someone not living in the
la lluvia de tormentas terribles pueden destruir neighborhood. Complete this sentence
todas las casas de un barrio en poco tiempo. frame to express your ideas: The damage
3. Unimaginable in English and inimaginable from the storm was unimaginable because
in Spanish are cognates. They sound almost .
the same and mean the same thing in both 7. Now let’s say unimaginable together three
languages. more times: unimaginable, unimaginable,
unimaginable.
4
© Macmillan/McGraw-Hill • photo credits: (t) © Lars A. Niki/McGraw-Hill Companies. (b) © Jocelyn Augustino/FEMA.
Key Vocabulary Word 5 lamented
Word 6 promenade
Key Vocabulary Word 5 lamented

1. Another word in the selection is lamented. the word lamented. Look at the lady’s face.
Say it with me: lamented. When you have She looks very upset. The back of her car
lamented you have “shown sadness or felt is damaged. Another car must have hit her
sorry” for something that has happened. I car. I know she feels very sorry for what has
have lamented the fact that I gave up playing happened.
the piano. 5. Discuss why you might use the word lamented
2. En español, to lament quiere decir ”lamentar, to describe this picture. Share your ideas with
sentir y demostrar tristeza por algo que the class. (Examples include: The lady is very
ha ocurrido.” Ayer algunos estudiantes no sad that her car was hit. I think she regrets
permitieron que su compañero jugara con parking on the street.)
ellos durante el recreo. Después de ver lo 6. Work with your partner to use the
mal que lo hicieron sentir, lamentaron su word lamented in a sentence. Use this
comportamiento. sentence frame: I lamented the time when
3. To lament in English and lamentar in Spanish .
are cognates. They sound almost the same 7. Now let’s say lamented together three more
and mean the same thing in both languages. times: lamented, lamented, lamented.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 promenade

TEACHER TALK MOVEMENT
Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s all show what it is like to take a
1. Another word in the selection is promenade. promenade. Let’s imagine we are at the park
Say it with me: promenade. A promenade enjoying an afternoon walk. Let’s slowly walk
means “a slow and relaxing walk.” My family through the park. Now turn to a friend and
likes to take a promenade through the park. smile as you promenade. Isn’t it relaxing to
This gives us time to relax and talk about the promenade?
events happening in our lives. 5. Promenade with a partner. Now walk quickly
2. En español, promenade quiere decir “un paseo with your partner. Let’s talk about what is
o una caminata sin prisa y relajante.”A mi different between the ways you walked.
familia le gusta tomar un paseo por el parque. Why was it more relaxing and enjoyable to
Esto nos da tiempo para relajarnos y hablar de promenade?
los acontecimientos en nuestras vidas. 6. Now let’s say promenade together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the times: promenade, promenade, promenade.
word promenade. Look at how this family
takes a promenade down the street. They are
talking, smiling, and holding hands. One of
the smallest children is sitting on the man’s
shoulders. It looks like they are having a great
time together!
6
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 embarked
Word 8 establishment
Key Vocabulary Word 7 embarked

1. Another word in the selection is embarked. word embarked. Look at the man riding his
Say it with me: embarked. When you have bike. He is at the top of the mountain. He has
embarked you have made a start on a embarked on his bike trip. He has a backpack
journey or trip. Last Saturday morning, my with supplies that he will need on his trip.
uncle embarked on his 10-day horseback ride 5. Discuss with your partner how this picture
through the mountains. illustrates the word embarked. Share your
2. En español, to embark quiere decir ”embarcar, ideas with the class. (The man started riding
empezar un viaje o proyecto.” El sábado his bike down the mountain. He will make a
pasado mi tío embarcó en su cabalgata de 10 long trip through the mountains. He begins
días por las montañas. his trip at the top of the mountain.)
3. To embark in English and embarcar in Spanish 6. Work with your partner to talk about a time
are cognates. They sound almost the same you have embarked on a journey. Explain
and mean the same thing in both languages. where you were going and what you did as
you embarked.
7. Now let’s say embarked together three more
times: embarked, embarked, embarked.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 establishment

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 5. Discuss with your partner how this picture
1. Another word in the selection is illustrates the word establishment. Share your
establishment. Say it with me: establishment. ideas with the class. (This establishment is a
An establishment is a place of business such restaurant. I see workers and customers in this
as a restaurant, a store, or a school. establishment.)
2. En español, establishment quiere decir “un 6. Describe to your partner an establishment
establecimineto, un local de negocio como you have visited. Tell your partner the type of
un restaurante, mercado, tienda, escuela u establishment you visited, the workers in the
hospital.” establishment, and the reason you visited the
establishment.
3. Establishment in English and establecimiento
in Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say establishment together three
the same and mean the same thing in both more times: establishment, establishment,
languages. establishment.
4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the
word establishment. These people are at a
restaurant establishment. The waitress and
cook work at this establishment. The waitress
is serving drinks to the customers and will
take their food orders. The cook will prepare
the food. The customers at the table look like
they are having fun!
8
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 warm-up
Word 2 rain down

Word 1 warm-up
1. In English, we use warm-up to describe what 4. Pretend you are a runner and need to warm-
we should do to get our bodies ready to up for a race. Show me how to warm-up.
exercise. Say it with me: warm-up. Warm-up 5. What is your favorite way to exercise? Show
means “to stretch your muscles to get ready us how you warm-up for this exercise.
to exercise.” The gym teacher has you warm-
up before running a race. 6. Now let’s say warm-up together three more
times: warm-up, warm-up, warm-up.
2. En español, to warm-up quiere decir “hacer
ejercicios de calentamiento para dejar nuestro
cuerpo listo antes del ejercicio físico.” El
maestro de deportes te pide hacer ejercicios
de calentamiento antes de correr una carrera.
3. This picture demonstrates the word
warm-up. (Point to the runner in the photo.)
See how this runner is stretching her legs.
She is getting ready to run a race. She is
warming-up.
Word 2 rain down

1. In English, we use rain down to describe many 4. Discuss what might rain down on you if you
things coming down in the air like rain. Say stand under these things:
it with me: rain down. To rain down means a colorful tree in the fall
“many things are falling down in the air.” The a pine branch with dry needles
balloons rain down at the birthday party. a giant sunflower plant that is overripe
2. En español, to rain down quiere decir “caer del 5. Make up a short story about two people who
cielo algo sin mayor esfuerzo, como la lluvia.” get caught outside in a bad storm. Tell what
En la fiesta de cumpleaños, los globos nos rains down on them and why.
caen del cielo.
6. Now let’s say rain down together three more
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase rain times: rain down, rain down, rain down.
down. This is a parade. Look at the balloons,
confetti, and paper everywhere in the air.
The balloons, confetti, and paper rain down
at the parade.
10
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to wring hands
Word 4 a few doors down

Word 3 to wring hands
TEACHER TALK CHORAL RESPONSE
1. In English, we use to wring hands to describe 4. I am going to tell you about some things
what people do with their hands when they we might do. If it might cause you to wring
are very worried. Say it with me: to wring hands, clap and say “to wring hands.” If not,
hands. To wring hands means “to put your don’t do anything.
fingers and hands together very tightly when riding on a very fast roller coaster
you are worried or nervous.” Performing in watching your favorite TV show
the school play might cause some students to singing in front of the whole school
wring their hands.
5. I will say some sentences. Complete each
2. En español, to wring hands quiere decir sentence with the words to wring hands.
“entrelazarse las manos en muestra de
preocupación.” Algunos estudiantes pueden Watching a horror movie might cause me to
entrelazarse las manos antes de salir a escena .
en la obra de teatro de la escuela. Taking a difficult test might cause me
.
3. This picture demonstrates the word to wring Losing my only set of keys might cause me
hands. See how the woman’s hands are placed .
tightly together. She is wringing her hands. Having a tooth pulled might cause me
.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
wring hands, to wring hands, to wring hands.
Word 4 a few doors down

1. In English, we use a few doors down to 4. Ask your partner what is located a few doors
describe places that are located close to down from his or her house. What is located
another place. Say it with me: a few doors a few doors down from your house? Tell your
down. A few doors down means “very close.” partner.
A new book store will soon open a few doors 5. If I say, “I am going a few doors down to
down from the toy store. borrow some art supplies,” what does that
2. En español, a few doors down quiere decir mean? Discuss the answer with your partner.
“que está muy cerca de otro o a unos pasos 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: a few
de distancia”. Muy pronto abrirán la nueva doors down, a few doors down, a few doors
librería y estará a unos pasos de la juguetería. down.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase a few
doors down. Look at this row of houses. The
houses are built very close to one another. The
houses are all located a few doors down from
each other.
12
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Basic Words
Unit 1 Week 1
cinnamon, seafood, chocolate,
Nothing Ever Happens
on 90th Street
mousse, coffee, pizza
cinnamon seafood chocolate
mousse coffee pizza
ROUTINE
13
© Macmillan/McGraw-Hill • photo credits: (tl) © Jonnie Miles/Photodisc/Getty Images. (tc) © Stockbyte/Digital Vision/Getty Images. (tr) © C Squared Studios/Photodisc/Getty Images.
(bl) © D. Fischer and P. Lyons/Cole Group/Photodisc/Getty Images. (bm) © Pixtal/SuperStock. (br) © Jupiterimages/Brand X Pictures/Alamy Images.
Key Vocabulary Word 1 reputation
Unit 1 Week 2 Breaking Through
Word 2 uttered
Key Vocabulary Word 1 reputation

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 5. Tell your partner about someone famous
1. One word in the selection is reputation. Say it who has a good reputation. (Answers may
with me: reputation. Reputation means “what include: famous presidents, historical figures,
a person is known for.” A person’s reputation musicians, sports stars)
is based on what he or she does or how he or 6. Work with your partner to make a list of
she acts. characteristics or traits of someone who has
2. En español, reputation quiere decir “lo a good reputation. Share your list with the
que otros piensan de una persona, fama, class. (Traits may include: fair, honest, strong,
reputación.” La reputación de una persona kind, helpful)
depende de cómo actúa y de lo que hace. 7. Now let’s say reputation together three more
3. Reputation in English and reputación in times: reputation, reputation, reputation.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost
languages.
4. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates
the word reputation. (Point to the statue
in the photo.) This is a statue of Abraham
Lincoln, the 16th president of the U.S. He has a
good reputation. He is known for being a wise
and fair president.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 uttered

TEACHER TALK Movement
Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Now it’s your turn to show what it means
1. Another word in the selection is uttered. Say to utter. I’ll say something, then you utter it
it with me: uttered. Uttered means “spoken or back to me. (Say, “I like dancing elephants,”
expressed out loud.” When someone utters a and have students repeat it aloud. Then ask
thought or a sound, he or she says it out loud volunteers to utter a statement and have the
so others can hear it. class repeat.)
2. En español, to utter quiere decir “expresar 5. Now let’s pretend I have a secret I do not
o hablar de manera que otros te escuchen, want everyone else to know. I’ll utter my
pronunciar.” Si una persona habla en voz alta, secret to one of you. Then take turns uttering
es para que otros también escuchen. the secret to each other. (Whisper this to
one student: “My favorite color is orange.”
Then have students take turns uttering the
the word uttered. (Point to the girl whispering
statement to a neighbor. At the end, have the
in the photo.) This girl uttered a secret to her
last student utter your secret aloud.)
friend. She uttered something quietly so only
her friend could hear. 6. Now let’s say uttered together three more
times: uttered, uttered, uttered.
16
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 quickened
Word 4 migrant
Key Vocabulary Word 3 quickened

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s start to clap at this speed. (Clap slowly
1. Another word in the selection is quickened. as children clap along.) Now let’s quicken our
Say it with me: quickened. Quickened means clapping. (Speed up your clapping as children
“went faster.” If you were walking and then clap along.)
you started to run, you quickened your speed. 5. Let’s take turns walking around the room.
2. En español, to quicken quiere decir “moverse When the person who is walking starts to
más rápido, acelerarse.” Si estabas caminando quicken, everyone else raise their hands.
y empezaste a correr, aceleraste tu velocidad. 6. Now let’s say quickened together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates times: quickened, quickened, quickened.
the word quickened. (Point to the skier in the
photo.) This skier is skiing down a mountain.
When she pushes on these poles they help her
quicken her speed. She quickened her speed as
she skied down the mountain.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 migrant

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates
1. Another word in the selection is migrant. the word migrant. Some farmers cannot
Say it with me: migrant. A migrant means “a get enough workers to help pick crops. This
person who moves from one place to another picture shows how migrant workers help pick
in search of work.” Some migrants go to a tomatoes on this farm.
new country to work, and then they go back 5. What do you think the migrants in this picture
to their own country. Some migrants stay in might do after they finish working? (Go
the new country. back to their own country. Look for work in
2. En español, migrant quiere decir “una persona another region.)
que se muda de un lugar a otro en busca de 6. Work with your partner to use the word
trabajo, emigrante.” Algunos emigrantes van migrant in a sentence. Use the sentence
a un nuevo país a trabajar y luego regresan al frame: A person who is a migrant often
país de donde vinieron. Algunos emigrantes se .
quedan en el nuevo país. 7. Now let’s say migrant together three more
3. Migrant in English and emigrante in Spanish times: migrant, migrant, migrant.
are cognates. They sound almost the same
18
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 mistreated
Word 6 wrath
Key Vocabulary Word 5 mistreated

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Turn to your partner and talk about why this
1. Another word in the selection is mistreated. picture demonstrates the word mistreated.
Say it with me: mistreated. Mistreated means Share your answers with the class. (The girls
“to have been treated in a mean way.” When are being mean. They are talking about the
someone has been mistreated he or she other girl. The girl who has been mistreated
usually feels upset or angry because someone looks sad.)
has treated them badly. 5. How does someone feel who has been
2. En español, mistreated quiere decir “haber mistreated? With your partner, make a list
sido tratado mal, maltratado.” Cuando of words that describe how it feels to be
alguien ha sido maltratado, normalmente se mistreated. Choose a word from your list to
siente enojado o disgustado por la manera en complete the sentence frame: When someone
que otra persona se ha portado con él o ella. is mistreated he or she feels .
Then share your list with other pairs.
the word mistreated. (Point to the girl who 6. Now let’s say mistreated together three more
has been mistreated in the photo.) This girl times: mistreated, mistreated, mistreated.
looks upset. She has been mistreated by her
friends. They are laughing and whispering
behind her back, and they are not including
her. She feels mistreated.
Key Vocabulary
Word 6 wrath
Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s all show wrath using only the expressions
1. Another word in the selection is wrath. Say on our faces. Try to look very angry. Now let’s
it with me: wrath. Wrath means “anger or use body language to show wrath. How might
rage.” Sometimes people feel wrath when your arms look? How might you sit or stand to
something wrong or bad happens. People show your wrath?
can show their wrath in their expressions and 5. Pretend someone has just broken our favorite
actions. toy or game. Let’s use gestures to show our
2. En español, wrath quiere decir “rabia, ira o wrath. (Demonstrate by pounding a desk or
cólera.” A veces una persona siente cólera shaking your fists.)
cuando algo malo le ocurre. La cólera es 6. Now let’s say wrath together three more
reflejada en las expresiones y acciones de la times: wrath, wrath, wrath.
persona.
the word wrath. (Point to the woman’s face
in the photo.) Look at this woman’s face. Her
expression shows she is angry. She feels wrath
towards the person on the other end of the
phone.
20
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 illegally
Word 8 ruptured
Key Vocabulary Word 7 illegally

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about what might
1. Another word in the selection is illegally. Say happen if someone parks a car illegally. Share
it with me: illegally. Illegally means “to do your answers with the class. (You might get a
something against the law.” For example, if ticket. The police might take the car away.)
you park a car in front of a fire hydrant you 6. Work with your partner to use the word
parked it illegally. The police might tow your illegally in a sentence. Use the sentence frame:
car away. The robber illegally .
2. En español, illegally quiere decir “hacer algo 7. Now let’s say illegally together three more
que va en contra de las leyes, ilegalmente.” times: illegally, illegally, illegally.
Por ejemplo, si estacionas tu carro en frente
de una boca de incendio, has estacionado
ilegalmente. La policía podría llevarse tu carro.
3. Illegally in English and ilegalmente in Spanish
the word illegally. (Point to the police tape in
the photo.) This is police tape. Police officers
use tape to block off a place where something
happened illegally. The tape shows something
unlawful, or illegal, happened in this place.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 ruptured

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s all show what might happen if we
1. Another word in the selection is ruptured. Say squeeze an ice cream cone too hard and it
it with me: ruptured. Ruptured means “split, ruptures. Lets put our hands around the cone
cracked open, or torn apart.” When Tomás and squeeze. Oh dear, we squeezed too hard.
filled a balloon with too much air, the balloon The cone ruptured!
ruptured. 5. Pretend you were carrying out a plastic bag
2. En español, to rupture quiere decir “reventar, filled with garbage. Show the class what
romper o partir.” Tomás llenó el globo con happened when the bag ruptured. Show what
demasiado aire y el globo se reventó. you did after the bag ruptured.
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates 6. Now let’s say ruptured together three more
the word ruptured. (Point to the cracked road times: ruptured, ruptured, ruptured.
in the photo.) This shows what happened
in an earthquake. This road ruptured. It
opened up. The movement of the earthquake
ruptured the road’s surface.
22
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to be sunk
Word 2 to barely keep up

Word 1 to be sunk
1. In English, we use to be sunk to describe 4. I am going to tell you about some things we
how we feel when we feel really sad about might do. If it might cause you to be sunk, say
something. Say it with me: to be sunk. To be “to be sunk.” If not, don’t say anything.
sunk means “to feel very disappointed.” If making all A’s on your report card
you didn’t do your best on a test, you may losing a race
be sunk. winning first place in the science fair
2. En español, to be sunk quiere decir having a best friend move away
“estar hundido por sentirse muy triste o 5. Imagine that you worked all summer on
decepcionado.” Si no estudias lo suficiente building a new tree house. A horrible storm
para el examen, es posible que te sientas destroyed the tree house. Complete these
hundido al ver los resultados. sentences with the phrase to be sunk.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to be Looking at my tree house caused me
sunk. (Point to the woman.) See how sad .
she looks with her hands on her face. She Cleaning up the broken boards caused me
is probably disappointed about something. .
Maybe she didn’t get a new job that she The cost of buying new lumber caused me
wanted. Now she is sunk because of that .
disappointment.
6. Now let’s say to be sunk together three more
times: to be sunk, to be sunk, to be sunk.
Word 2 to barely keep up

1. In English, we use to barely keep up to 4. Imagine that I am the boy winning the race.
describe what happens when you can’t stay You are the other children who are running,
with another person or group of people. Say it too. Show me how you can barely keep up
with me: to barely keep up. To barely keep up with me.
means “not able to stay with another person 5. Work with a partner to “run a race.” Take
or group of people.” The other teachers were turns barely keeping up with each other.
walking so fast I could barely keep up with
them. 6. Now let’s say to barely keep up together three
more times: to barely keep up, to barely keep
2. En español, to barely keep up quiere decir up, to barely keep up.
“quedar al margen de alguien o de un grupo
de personas.” Los demás maestros caminaron
tan aprisa, que me quedé al margen de ellos.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to barely
keep up. The kids are running a race. Look
at this runner. He is winning the race. (Point
to the runner out in front.) The other kids
are running as fast as they can. But they can
barely keep up with the boy.
24
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to half listen to
Word 4 to stand up to
Word 3 to half listen to
1. In English, we use to half listen to to describe 4. I will say some sentences. Repeat them
when people are not paying total attention to after me.
someone or something. Say it with me: to half I half listened to the alarm clock, so I was late
listen to. To half listen to means “to not be for school.
totally focused or concentrated.” I only half I half listened to the weather forecast, so I got
listened to the news as I was cooking dinner wet in the rain.
last night. I half listened to my teacher, so I forgot my
2. En español, to half listen to quiere homework.
decir “medio oír a alguien o no estar 5. I am going to describe some situations. If you
completamente atento o concentrado.” think I am only half listening, say “half listen
Anoche sólo medio oí las noticias porque to.” If not, don’t say anything.
estaba preparando la cena.
daydreaming while a guest speaker is talking
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to half taking an important call on your cell phone
listen to. See the lady. She is talking on her cell watching television while reading a book
phone in the middle of a busy area. She is only
half listening to what is going on around her. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to half
listen to, to half listen to, to half listen to.
Word 4 to stand up to
1. In English, we use to stand up to to describe 4. Ask your partner about a time that he or she
what people do when they defend themselves. had to stand up to someone or something.
Say it with me: to stand up to. To stand up to Then tell your partner about a time you had
means “to defend yourself against someone to stand up to someone or something.
or something.” The soccer players stand up to 5. If I tell you that you need to stand up to
the referee when he makes a call they don’t the soccer player who is not nice, what does
agree with. that mean? Why do you think it would be
2. En español, to stand up to quiere decir important to stand up to the soccer player?
“defenderse frente a alguien o algo.” Los Discuss this with your partner.
futbolistas deben defender su punto de vista 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
frente al arbitro cuando no están de acuerdo stand up to, to stand up to, to stand up to.
con alguna decisión del árbitro.
3. This picture demonstrates the words to stand
up to. Look at the badger. (Point to the
badger.) It is smaller than the cougar. (Point
to the cougar.) The cougar is trying to scare
the badger by growling. The badger stands
up to the cougar and does not move!
26
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Basic Words
Unit 1 Week 2
binder, novel, newspaper,
Breaking Through
dictionary, spine, composition
binder novel newspaper
FPO
dictionary spine composition
ROUTINE
27
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(bl) © Dynamic Graphics/Jupiterimages. (bm) © Stockbyte/PunchStock. (br) © Burke/Triolo/Brand X Pictures/Jupiterimages.
Key Vocabulary Word 1 isolated
Unit 1 Week 3 A Life in Words
Word 2 connection
Key Vocabulary Word 1 isolated

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Tell your partner what makes this house
1. One word in the selection is isolated. Say isolated. Share your answers with the class.
it with me: isolated. Isolated means “away (There are no other houses near it. It is at the
from others, or completely alone.” If you are top of a mountain so it is hard for others to
all alone on the top of a mountain, you are get there.)
isolated. 5. Some people like to be isolated, while others
2. En español, isolated quiere decir “separado de do not. Tell your partner if you would like
otras personas, completamente solo, aislado.” to be isolated and why or why not. Use the
Si te encuentras solo en la cima de una sentence frame: I would / would not like to be
montaña, estás aislado. isolated because .
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates 6. Now let’s say isolated together three more
the word isolated. (Point to the house in the times: isolated, isolated, isolated.
photo.) See how this house is isolated. It is at
the top of a cliff next to a waterfall. No other
houses are near it. If you are in this house you
are alone and isolated.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 connection

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Tell your partner how the picture shows a
1. Another word in the selection is connection. connection. Talk about why the connection
Say it with me: connection. Connection means is important. (The picture shows the rope
“a contact or a link.” When we talk on the connected to the mountain and climber. The
phone with someone we make a connection rope keeps the climber from falling.)
with them by phone. 6. You can make connections with friends by
2. En español, connection quiere decir “unión, talking to them or meeting them. Tell your
juntura o enlace, conexión.” Cuando partner how you make connections with
hablamos por teléfono con alguien, hacemos friends. (Answers may include: talk on the
una conexión con esa persona a través del phone, send emails, meet somewhere, send
teléfono. text messages)
3. Connection in English and conexión in Spanish 7. Now let’s say connection together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: connection, connection, connection.
the word connection. (Point to the climber
and then the rope in the photo.) See how this
rope is connected to the mountain and to the
climber. The rope makes a link or connection
between the mountain and the climber.
30
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 immigrants
Word 4 poverty
Key Vocabulary Word 3 immigrants

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about reasons why
1. Another word in the selection is immigrants. you think immigrants come to America. Share
Say it with me: immigrants. Immigrants are these reasons with the class.
people who move from one country to live 6. With your partner, talk about any immigrants
in another country. Immigrants come from you have met or read about. Make a list of
different countries around the world to live in places where these immigrants came from.
the United States. Share your list with other pairs.
2. En español, immigrants quiere decir “personas 7. Now let’s say immigrants together three more
que se mudan de un país a otro, inmigrantes.” times: immigrants, immigrants, immigrants.
Inmigrantes vienen de todas partes del mundo
a vivir a los Estados Unidos.
3. Immigrants in English and inmigrantes in
languages.
the word immigrants. (Point to the immigrants
in the photo.) These immigrants are carrying
United States flags. They look happy to be in
their new country.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 poverty

1. Another word in the selection is poverty. Say the word poverty. (Point to the tents in the
it with me: poverty. Poverty means “very poor photo.) These tents are the homes of people
conditions.” When people live in poverty they living in poverty. The people are too poor to
have little or no money for housing and food. afford an apartment or a house. People in these
Their lives are very difficult and they often tents do not have running water or electricity.
have health problems. Their living conditions are very harsh.
2. En español, poverty quiere decir “la condición 5. Look at the picture. Tell your partner what
de no tener lo necesario para vivir, pobreza.” it might be like to live in poverty in this tent
Los que viven en la pobreza no tienen dinero o city. (It might be cold, dirty, wet, dangerous.
tienen muy poco dinero para su vivienda y su People are probably hungry and some may be
comida. Sus vidas se hacen difíciles y muchas sick from the unhealthy living conditions.)
veces tienen problemas de salud. 6. If someone lives in poverty, he or she has to
3. Poverty in English and pobreza in Spanish are do without many of life’s necessities. With
cognates. They sound almost the same and your partner, make a list of things people in
mean the same thing in both languages. poverty have to live without. What would be
the hardest thing to live without?
7. Now let’s say poverty together three more
times: poverty, poverty, poverty.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 probably
Key Vocabulary Word 5 probably

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about what things will
1. Another word in the selection is probably. Say probably happen because of this tornado.
it with me: probably. Probably means “most Share your answers with the class. (Trees will
likely, a good chance.” If you do not study probably be destroyed. People will probably
you will probably, or most likely, not do well take cover. Rain will probably fall. The
on a test. If you stay up late you will probably tornado will probably pass by.)
be tired the next morning. 6. Tell your partner what you will probably do
2. En español, probably quiere decir this weekend. Use the sentence frame: This
“seguramente, con una buena posibilidad de weekend I will probably .
ocurrir, probablemente.” Si uno no estudia, 7. Now let’s say probably together three more
probablemente no le va a ir bien en el times: probably, probably, probably.
examen. Si te quedas despierto hasta tarde,
probablemente te sentirás cansado al día
siguiente.
3. Probably in English and probablemente in
languages.
the word probably. (Point to the tornado in
the photo.) Notice how close this tornado is
to the ground. It will probably touch down.
Because it is so big it will probably cause a lot
of damage.
34
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to wait on hold
Word 2 to wait on line

Word 1 to wait on hold
1. In English, we use to wait on hold to describe 4. Let’s think about what the phrase to wait on
what people do when they are waiting to hold mean. Suppose I say, “You will have to
speak with someone on the telephone. Say wait on hold to speak with someone at the
it with me: to wait on hold. To wait on hold toy store.” What does that mean? Tell your
means “you are on the telephone waiting to partner.
speak with someone.” I had to wait on hold 5. Why do you think you might have to wait
when I called the doctor’s office. on hold? How would waiting on hold make
2. En español, to wait on hold quiere decir you feel? Answer these questions with your
“quedarse en la línea cuando esperas partner.
hablar por teléfono con alguien.” Tuve que 6. Now let’s say to wait on hold together three
quedarme varios minutos en la línea del more times: to wait on hold, to wait on hold,
consultorio antes de poder hablar con to wait on hold.
mi doctor.
3. This picture demonstrates the word to wait
on hold. (Point to the lady.) Look at the lady
on the telephone. She is waiting anxiously to
speak with someone. She has to wait on hold.
Word 2 to wait on line

1. In English, we use to wait on line to describe 4. Suppose I work at your favorite fast food
what you do when you wait in a line for restaurant. You are waiting on line to order
something. Say it with me: to wait on line. To lunch. Show me how you would wait on line
wait on line means “to stand in a line and wait to order lunch.
your turn to buy or get something or to speak 5. Work in a small group to sell movie tickets.
with someone.” We had to wait on line to buy One person should sell the tickets. The other
tickets to the movie. people in the group should wait on line to
2. En español, to wait on line quiere decir buy the movie tickets. Take turns selling the
“hacer cola o esperar tu turno en una cola de tickets and waiting on line.
personas para comprar o hacer algo, o para 6. Now let’s say to wait on line together three
hablar con alguien.” Tuvimos que hacer cola more times: to wait on line, to wait on line, to
para poder comprar los boletos en la taquilla wait on line.
del cine.
3. This picture demonstrates the word to wait on
line. The people are standing on a line. They
want to speak with the lady at the counter.
(Point to the lady at the counter.) The people
have to wait on line to speak with the woman
at the counter.
36
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to line shelves
Word 4 to be stacked with

Word 3 to line shelves
1. In English, we use to line shelves to describe 4. Imagine that we line the shelves in a shoe
what is filling the space on a shelf or shelves. store. Say these sentences with me.
Say it with me: to line shelves. To line shelves We line the shelves with boots.
means “to cover the space on a shelf with a We line the shelves with sneakers.
specific item.” We lined the shelves with our We line the shelves with slippers.
science projects. We line the shelves with sandals.
2. En español, to line shelves quiere decir “llenar 5. Help me finish these sentences:
uno o varios estantes con cosas.” Llenamos los
estantes del salón con nuestros proyectos de I lined the shelves in my kitchen with
ciencias. .
I lined the shelves in my classroom with
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to line .
shelves. See the shelves. (Point to the shelves.) I lined the shelves in my bedroom with
The shelves are filled with books. Someone .
lined the shelves with books.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to line
shelves, to line shelves, to line shelves.
Word 4 to be stacked with

1. In English, we use to be stacked with to 4. Think of a time when you have seen a table
describe a surface that is covered with a stacked with a particular item. What was the
specific item. Say it with me: to be stacked table stacked with? Answer this question with
with. To be stacked with means “to be your partner.
covered by stacks or piles of a particular 5. Imagine that our class decides to recycle
item.” The tables at the garage sale were paper products. We are going to use a table
stacked with toys, clothes, and books for sale. to display the items. What might the table be
2. En español, to be stacked with significa stacked with?
“repleta o completamente cubierta por 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to be
montones de cosas.” Las mesas de la venta de stacked with, to be stacked with, to be stacked
garaje estaban repletas de juguetes, ropa y with.
libros usados.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to be
stacked with. Look at the girl. Look at all of
the tables around her. They are filled with
stacks or piles of books. The tables are stacked
with books.
38
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Basic Words
Unit 1 Week 3
coffee table, office, living room,
A Life In Words
kitchen, dining room, hallway
coffee table office living room
kitchen dining room hallway
ROUTINE
39
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(bl) © Janis Christie/Photodisc/Getty Images. (bm) © John A. Rizzo/Photodisc/Getty Images. (br) © Digital Vision/PunchStock.
Key Vocabulary Word 1 tinkering
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF
Word 2 honorable
Key Vocabulary Word 1 tinkering
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with a partner about how this picture
1. One word in the selection is tinkering. Say it illustrates the word tinkering. Share your ideas
with me: tinkering. Tinkering means to “work with the class. (The girl and her grandfather
on or repair something.” You can always find are trying to repair the train. The girl and her
my brother tinkering with the engines on his grandfather are using tools to fix the train
remote control airplanes. part.)
2. En español, to tinker quiere decir “juguetear 5. Describe a time that you were tinkering with
con algo, casi siempre con el propósito something. Name what you were working on
de repararlo.” Mi hermano se las pasa and explain why you needed to tinker with it.
jugueteando con los motores de sus aviones a 6. Now let’s say tinkering together three more
control remoto. times: tinkering, tinkering, tinkering.
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates
the word tinkering. Look at the girl and her
grandfather. They both have small tools in
their hands. (Point to the tools.) They are
tinkering with a part of their train set. They
must be trying to repair the train part to help
the train cars move.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 honorable

1. Another word in the selection is honorable. word honorable. (Point to the nurse in the
Say it with me: honorable. When a person is photo.) Look at the nurse. She is visiting with
honorable, he or she is good and worthy of the elderly lady as she walks down the hall of
praise and respect. My sister is an honorable the hospital. The elderly lady must be staying
person because she helps our elderly neighbor in the hospital. The nurse is checking to see
sweep his porch every week. how she is feeling or if she needs anything.
The nurse is so honorable for helping the lady
2. En español, honorable quiere decir “digno
in her time of need.
de elogio y respeto, honorable.” Mi hermana
es una persona honorable porque ayuda a 5. Talk with your partner about people in your
nuestros vecinos ancianos a barrer su entrada school or your community who you feel are
cada semana. honorable. Discuss what makes these people
honorable. Share your ideas with the class.
3. Honorable in English and honorable in Spanish
are cognates. They sound almost the same 6. Work with your partner to use the
and mean the same thing in both languages. word honorable in a sentence. Use the
sentence frame: I am honorable because
.
7. Now let’s say honorable together three more
times: honorable, honorable, honorable.
42
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 formally
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF
Word 4 destination
Key Vocabulary Word 3 formally
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF

1. Another word in the selection is formally. Say word formally. Look at the beautiful bride,
it with me: formally. When something is done her groom, and the members of their wedding
formally it is carried out in a very proper or party. (Point to the bride and groom.) How
official way. Our science awards were formally exciting! They must have just gotten married.
presented at the school assembly. They are dressed very formally for the
wedding ceremony, with fancy dresses and
2. En español, formally quiere decir “llevado a
tuxedos.
cabo de una manera adecuada, ceremoniosa o
de etiqueta; formalmente.” Nuestros premios 5. Describe why you might use the word formally
de ciencia fueron otorgados a los ganadores to tell about this picture. Share your ideas
formalmente en una asamblea escolar. with the class. (The lady and man were just
married. They are dressed up in their finest
3. Formally in English and formalmente in
clothes. They had a wedding and all their
friends and family were there to celebrate.)
languages. 6. Think about something you might do
formally. Share your idea with your partner
and discuss why it would be done formally.
7. Now let’s say formally together three more
times: formally, formally, formally.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 destination

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about possible
1. Another word in the selection is destination. destinations for the truck in the picture. If
Say it with me: destination. A destination is you were the truck driver, where might your
“a place where you are going.” The science destination be? Share your ideas with the
museum was our destination for the class field class.
trip. The school bus took us to our destination. 6. Imagine you could go anywhere in the world.
2. En español, destination quiere decir “el lugar Describe to a partner what your destination
a donde vas o te diriges, destino.” El museo would be and explain why.
de la ciencia era el destino de nuestro paseo 7. Now let’s say destination together three more
escolar. El bus nos llevó a nuestro destino. times: destination, destination, destination.
3. Destination in English and destino in Spanish
word destination. (Point to the truck in the
foreground.) I see a very large truck traveling
on the highway. The driver must be headed to
a specific place to deliver the items in his truck.
I wonder where his destination might be.
44
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 immigrated
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF
Word 6 unsteady
Key Vocabulary Word 5 immigrated
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF

1. Another word in the selection is immigrated. word immigrated. Look at all of the people.
Say it with me: immigrated. When someone The United States flag is behind them. (Point
has immigrated, they have moved from one to the flag.) Each person has immigrated to
country to a new country. My grandparents the United States from another country. They
immigrated to the United States from Mexico are making a promise to follow the rules of
when my mother was a young girl. They our country as they become official United
immigrated to the United States in search of States citizens.
a new life! 5. Discuss why you might use the word
2. En español, to immigrate quiere decir immigrated to describe this picture. Share
“mudarse de un país a otro, inmigrar.” Mis your ideas with the class.
abuelos imigraron a los Estados Unidos de 6. Now that these people have immigrated to
México cuando mi mamá era una niña. Ellos the United States, what might they do next?
inmigraron en busca de una nueva vida. Talk with your partner about things these
3. To immigrate in English and inmigrar in immigrants may want to do now that they
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost have immigrated to this country.
the same and mean the same thing in both 7. Now let’s say immigrated together three more
languages. times: immigrated, immigrated, immigrated.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 unsteady

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s all show what it is like to be unsteady.
1. Another word in the selection is unsteady. Let’s imagine we are carrying too many books
Say it with me: unsteady. When something is back from the library. Oh, no! The stack of
unsteady, it is not stable or securely in place. books is becoming unsteady. What should we
I feel unsteady when I walk on an icy street. do?
2. En español, unsteady quiere decir “inestable, 5. Pretend something you are carrying is
no estar firmemente en su puesto.” Anoche unsteady. What are you carrying? Why is it
fui al mercado y regresé con muchas bolsas. unsteady? What should you do?
Las bolsas se volvieron inestables porque 6. Now let’s say unsteady together three more
intenté cargarlas todas al mismo tiempo. Una times: unsteady, unsteady, unsteady.
se me cayó y los contenidos se regaron por
todas partes.
word unsteady. These girls are trying to hold
too many notebooks at one time! The pile of
notebooks is unsteady and it looks like the
girls will drop all of them.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 fidget
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF
Word 8 concentrate
Key Vocabulary Word 7 fidget
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. I want everyone to show me how to fidget
1. Another word in the selection is fidget. Say with a pencil. Let’s pretend we are working
it with me: fidget. When you fidget you play on an assignment. Put the pencil in your hand
with something, move around, squirm, or are and move it back and forth. Now tap it on the
restless. Every time I watch TV, I always fidget desk. Now twirl it in your fingers.
with the remote control. I move it back and 5. Now I want you to fidget with something
forth in my hands while the program is on. else at your desk. Show the class how you
2. En español, fidget quiere decir “estar inquieto, fidget. We will describe how we know you are
moverse constantemente.” Cada vez que veo fidgeting.
televisión me pongo inquieto con el control 6. Now let’s say fidget together three more
remoto. Lo muevo entre mis manos una y otra times: fidget, fidget, fidget.
vez mientras miro el programa.
word fidget. Look at the boy. (Point to the
boy.) He is working on an assignment and
has a pencil in his mouth. He fidgets with the
pencil as he tries to complete his assignment.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 concentrate

1. Another word in the selection is concentrate. the word concentrate. Look at the boy. He is
Say it with me: concentrate. To concentrate working on a school assignment. Look at his
means “to focus all of your attention on face. He is looking at the problems closely!
one thing.” It is very important that you He must concentrate in order to do his work
concentrate when I am speaking. correctly.
2. En español, to concentrate quiere decir 5. Talk with your partner about why it is
“enfocar toda tu atención en hacer algo, important to concentrate when you are
concentrarse.” Todas las semanas ustedes learning a new subject. What might happen
visitan la biblioteca del colegio. Es importante if you don’t concentrate? Share your ideas
que se concentren mientras la bibliotecaria with the class. (If you concentrate, you will
les habla. Ella les está enseñando dónde remember more information. If you don’t
encontrar los libros que buscan. Si no se concentrate, you might miss important ideas.)
concentran, podrían perderse de información 6. Describe to your partner times you have
importante. to concentrate. Tell your partner the type
3. To concentrate in English and concentrar of work you are doing and why you must
in Spanish are cognates. They sound almost concentrate.
the same and mean the same thing in both 7. Now let’s say concentrate together three more
languages. times: concentrate, concentrate, concentrate.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to goggle at
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF
Word 2 to draw himself up

Word 1 to goggle at
1. In English, we use to goggle at to describe the 4. With your partner, discuss things that you
way in which you might stare at something or might goggle at. For example, if you were at
someone with wide eyes. Say it with me: to the circus, you might goggle at the trapeze
goggle at. You might goggle at something or artists as they accomplish amazing moves on
someone if you are fascinated, attracted, or the high wire. Together, list at least eight
very interested by what you see. You might things that you would goggle at.
goggle at your score if your math test is 5. Now take turns with your partner, and make
marked with an A. up a sentence for each of the eight items on
2. En español, to goggle at quiere decir your list. Be sure to use the phrase to goggle at.
“quedarse boquiabierto al mirar algo 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
fascinante, atractivo o interesante.” Es posible goggle at, to goggle at, to goggle at.
que te quedes boquiabierto si ves que has
aprobado con A el examen de matemáticas.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to
goggle at. The boy is eyeing the stack of
pancakes with excitement in his eyes. He looks
as if he can’t wait to begin to eat them.
Word 2 to draw himself up

1. In English, we use the phrase to draw himself 4. I am going to name some everyday activities
up to describe the way in which someone pulls that you do. If you would need to draw
himself up from a sitting or lying position. Say yourself up, say “yes.” If not, then say “no.”
it with me: to draw himself up. You would You get out of bed in the morning.
draw yourself up after you fell down or after You eat your lunch in the cafeteria.
you had been lying down. You go for a run.
2. En español, to draw himself up quiere decir You fall down while playing hockey.
“ponerse de pie después de haber estado You do twenty-five sit-ups.
sentado o recostado.” Tú te pones de pie 5. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
después de cacrte o haber estado acostado. draw himself up, to draw himself up, to draw
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to draw himself up.
himself up. The boy on the ground fell down
while playing football. The boy’s teammate
extends his hand to help him draw himself up.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to be at the top
Unit 1 Week 4 LAFFF
Word 4 to chew my knuckles

Word 3 to be at the top
1. In English, to be at the top means “to be very 4. With your partner, discuss times when you
happy with your success.” Say it with me: to were at the top. For example, when you
be at the top. When you are at the top of received a good grade on an assignment, you
your game, you are playing the best that you may have been at the top of the world. If your
possibly can. sports team won an especially challenging
2. En español, to be at the top quiere decir “estar game, you may have been at the top of your
muy feliz por un suceso agradable o exitoso.” game. Together, think of six events at which
Si tu equipo de fútbol gana gracias al gol you were at the top.
que tú anotaste, es muy posible que estés 5. Now take turns with your partner, and make
entonces muy feliz por tu éxito. up a sentence briefly describing the feeling
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to be at you experienced at each of the six events. Be
the top. The boy has won the race. He looks sure to use the phrase to be at the top.
as if he is pleased with his victory. He is at the 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to be
top of his game. at the top, to be at the top, to be at the top.
Word 4 to chew my knuckles

1. In English, to chew my knuckles means “to 4. With your partner, discuss times when you
be very nervous.” Say it with me: to chew my were nervous or worried. For example, when
knuckles. When you say that you are chewing you were watching an exciting and close
your knuckles, you may not really be putting sports match, you may have felt so excited
your knuckles in your mouth. The phrase can that you had a hard time sitting still. If you
be used to express the feeling of being very were watching a scary movie, you may have
worried or distressed. felt nervous about the outcome. Together,
2. En español, to chew my knuckles quiere decir make a list of personal experiences that made
“comerse las uñas o estar muy nervioso.” Si you so nervous or worried that you would
no sabes las respuestas de un examen, lo más have chewed your knuckles.
seguro es que no te comas las uñas, pero así 5. Now with your partner, make up a brief
harás saber que te sientes muy preocupado story in which the main character chews his
o nervioso. knuckles. Be sure to use the phrase to chew
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to chew my knuckles.
my knuckles. This man is actually biting down 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
on his knuckles. He looks very worried or chew my knuckles, to chew my knuckles, to
nervous. chew my knuckles.
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Basic Words science fair, assembly, notebook,
Unit 1 Week 4
LAFFF ballpoint pen, school newspaper, school bus
science fair assembly notebook
ballpoint pen school newspaper school bus
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 charismatic
Unit 1 Week 5 The Case of the Phantom Poet
Word 2 sleuthing
Key Vocabulary Word 1 charismatic

1. One word in the selection is charismatic. Say word charismatic. This man is speaking to
it with me: charismatic. When someone is these people. The people are on their feet,
charismatic this means they are charming clapping. His words must be so powerful that
and they captivate the attention of everyone he inspires the audience to stand up and clap
around them. When a person is charismatic, for him. The charismatic man has charmed the
you are enthusiastic about listening to what audience.
this person has to say and want to be around 5. Talk with a partner about how this picture
them. illustrates the word charismatic. Share your
2. En español, charismatic quiere decir “una ideas with the class. (The audience likes what
persona que produce encanto y cautivación the speaker has to say. They are all standing
en los demás, carismático.” Cuando alguien es and clapping for the speaker because they
carismático, uno se entusiasma por escuchar lo were so moved by what he had to say.)
que esa persona dice y por estar en su presencia. 6. Work with your partner to talk about
3. Charismatic in English and carismático in someone you know or have seen on television
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost who is charismatic. Describe what this person
the same and mean the same thing in both says and does that makes them charismatic.
languages. 7. Now let’s say charismatic together three more
times: charismatic, charismatic, charismatic.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 sleuthing

1. Another word in the selection is sleuthing. picture demonstrates the word sleuthing.
Say it with me: sleuthing. Sleuthing means Share your ideas with the class. (The police
“searching for clues and looking for answers officers are looking for clues to solve a
to a mystery.” My little brother spends too problem. They are detectives trying to solve a
much of his time sleuthing to find out where case.)
I hide my diary. 5. Work with your partner to make a list of jobs
2. En español, to sleuth quiere decir “buscar that might require sleuthing as part of the
pistas o respuestas a un misterio, rastrear.” day’s work. Share your list with another pair.
Mi hermanito pasa muchas horas rastreando 6. Now let’s say sleuthing together three more
dónde escondo mi diario. times: sleuthing, sleuthing, sleuthing.
word sleuthing. (Point to the police officers.)
Look at the police officers. They are working
together very carefully to try and solve a
problem. They are examining the evidence
and trying to put all of the clues together.
The police officers are sleuthing.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 mimics
Word 4 array
Key Vocabulary Word 3 mimics

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. I want you all to watch me very carefully.
1. Another word in the selection is mimics. Say it You will mimic everything I do. (Do several
with me: mimics. When someone mimics, they gestures and say several phrases to give
copy what someone has said or done. Every students the opportunity to mimic.)
time I play with my younger sister, she mimics 5. Now, work with a partner to do several
everything I say and do. She always wants to gestures and say several phrases. Have your
do things just like me! partner mimic your gestures and phrases. Then
2. En español, to mimic quiere decir “copiar lo switch roles and mimic your partner’s gestures
que alguien ha dicho o hecho, imitar.” Cada and phrases.
vez que juego con mi hermanita, imita lo que 6. Now let’s say mimics together three more
hago y digo. Quiere hacer todo como lo hago times: mimics, mimics, mimics.
yo.
word mimics. Look at the man. Look at the
young boy. (Point to the man and the young
boy.) The man is walking with his briefcase
by his side. The young boy walks with his
briefcase by his side. The boy is dressed like
the man, too. The young boy mimics exactly
what the man is doing and wearing.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 array

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. What are some places or situations where you
1. Another word in the selection is array. Say have seen an array of items? Share your ideas
it with me: array. An array is an orderly with the class. (Examples include: an array of
arrangement of objects. Each day the books in the library, an array of desserts in a
cafeteria has an array of food for us to display case, an array of shoes at a shoe store)
choose from. 5. Work with a partner to use the word array
2. En español, array quiere decir “una selección in a sentence. Use the sentence frame:
ordenada de objetos.” La cafetería prepara un I saw an array of at the
selección de alimentos para que escojamos lo .
que queremos comer todos los días. 6. Now let’s say array together three more times:
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the array, array, array.
word array. (Point to the array of food.) I see
an array of food. There are so many different
food items to choose from! It is all so nicely
organized. Look at the people. They are
waiting in line to make choices about what
they would like to eat. I wonder if they are
celebrating something special.
58
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 significance
Word 6 despondently
Key Vocabulary Word 5 significance

1. Another word in the selection is significance. the word significance. This is the skeleton of
Say it with me: significance. Something a dinosaur. Scientists found the bones and
or someone of significance is very, very were able to put them together to create this
important. The scientists hope their discovery skeleton. This exhibit has great significance to
has great significance. They hope to learn a dinosaur fans around the world.
lot from these old bones. 4. With your partner, name some people or
2. En español, significance quiere decir “la places that have significance for people in
importancia de algo o alguien.” Algunos your community. Describe who or what you
científicos han estado excavando el desierto are talking about and explain the significance.
por huesos de animales extinctos. Ayer Share your ideas with the class.
encontraron unos huesos muy viejos. Su 5. Tell your partner about one person or place
descubrimiento es de gran importancia para that has significance in your life. Give at least
todo los involucrados. Ellos esperan aprender two reasons explaining the significance of this
mucho de los huesos encontrados. person or place.
6. Now let’s say significance together three more
times: significance, significance, significance.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 despondently

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. When you do something despondently, your
1. Another word in the selection is despondently. body shows that you are sad and upset. When
Say it with me: despondently. When someone I walk despondently, this is how I look. (Walk
acts despondently, he or she is very sad and slowly, with your head down and shoulders
without hope. When our school soccer team slumped.) Now you show me how you would
lost, the players despondently walked off the walk despondently. Show me how to sit
field. despondently. (Students should slump in their
seats, with head down on the desk or hanging
2. En español, despondently quiere decir “actuar
down.)
de una manera que demuestra estar sin ánimo
y sin esperanza, abatidamente.” Nuestro 5. Imagine your partner is behaving
equipo de fútbol estaba en el campeonato despondently. What would you do? What
estatal. Estaban empatados hasta los últimos would you say? With your partner, take
diez segundos del partido cuando el otro turns being despondent and comforting the
equipo anotó el gol ganador. Nuestros despondent partner.
jugadores salieron de la cancha abatidamente. 5. Now let’s say despondently together three
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates more times: despondently, despondently,
the word despondently. Look at the football despondently.
player. (Point to the player.) His head is down.
I wonder if he just lost a big game. He looks
miserably upset. He despondently places his
hand over his eyes and thinks about what
went wrong during the game.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 sponsoring
Word 8 anonymous
Key Vocabulary Word 7 sponsoring

1. Another word in the selection is sponsoring. word sponsoring. It looks like these women
Say it with me: sponsoring. Sponsoring means are helping to build a building. (Point to the
“paying for a project or event carried out by sign.) This sign says that the group Beach
another person or group.” Our school band is Cities Friends is sponsoring the project. The
going on a trip. The local bank is sponsoring members of this group must be paying for the
the costs for each student going on the trip. materials and donating their time.
2. En español, to sponsor quiere decir “dar dinero 4. Discuss with your partner how this picture
para un proyecto o evento llevado a cabo por illustrates the word sponsoring. Share your
otra persona o grupo, patrocinar.” El banco ideas with the class. (The group members
local patrocinó el viaje de nuestra orquesta purchase the materials necessary to build this
a Washington, D.C.: ayudaron a pagar los building for other people. The group gives
pasajes, estadía en hotel y comida de los their time to work on the building.)
estudiantes. 5. Work with your partner to use the word
sponsoring in a sentence. Use the sentence
frame: is sponsoring
.
6. Now let’s say sponsoring together three more
times: sponsoring, sponsoring, sponsoring.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 anonymous

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 4. Now, let’s look at a picture that illustrates the
1. Another word in the selection is anonymous. word anonymous. This person is giving money
Say it with me: anonymous. When something to help other people. We can’t see who is
is anonymous this means the name of the giving the money. The donor is anonymous.
person who did the action is not known. Last 5. Why do people sometimes make anonymous
year, someone gave me a present with no donations? What are some examples of
card. The person wanted to stay anonymous. anonymous gifts that you have heard about?
2. En español, anonymous quiere decir “el Share your answers with the class.
nombre de la persona que completó la 6. Discuss with a partner something good you
acción no es conocido, anónimo.” El día de might do where you would want to remain
mi cumpleaños entré al salón y ví un libro anonymous. Tell your partner what you would
hermoso sobre mi escritorio. No tenía ni want to do and why you would want to
una tarjeta ni una nota. Yo no tenía ni idea remain anonymous.
quién me habría dejado el regalo. La persona 7. Now let’s say anonymous together three more
anónima quería mantener su identidad times: anonymous, anonymous, anonymous.
secreta.
3. Anonymous in English and anónimo in Spanish
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 a place in the sun
Word 2 to be stumped
Word 1 a place in the sun
1. In English, we use the phrase a place in 4. Work with your partner to think of incidents
the sun to describe the way you feel when or events when you found a place in the sun.
you gain recognition for your talent or For example, when you played your recital
accomplishment. Say it with me: a place piece perfectly, you might have found a
in the sun. place in the sun. Or when you worked on a
2. En español, a place in the sun quiere group project that turned out just the way
decir “estar o sentirse entre las estrellas.” you wanted it to, you might have felt the
Así expresas lo que sientes cuando eres recognition that made you shine on the inside.
reconocido por tu talento o por algún logro 5. Now work with your partner to make a
importante. drawing showing a time when one of you
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase a place found a place in the sun. Write a sentence
in the sun. These kids have earned their place that describes how you felt. Be sure to use
in the sun by coming in first in a race or the phrase a place in the sun.
contest. They are so happy that they would 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: a
feel the sun shining down on them, even if it place in the sun, a place in the sun, a place
were a cloudy day. in the sun.
Word 2 to be stumped
1. In English, we use the phrase to be stumped to 4. I am going to name some situations. If you
express the feeling of frustration that comes think that I am describing an example of
when you are trying to solve a problem and being stumped, raise your hand. If I am not
you don’t know what to do next. Say it with giving an example of being stumped, keep
me: to be stumped. your hand down.
2. En español, to be stumped quiere decir “estar I am working on a crossword puzzle, and I
perplejo o desconcertado.” Así expresas la can’t think of the final word.
frustración que sientes cuando no sabes qué I am setting the table, and I forget napkins.
hacer ni qué decir cuando necesitas solucionar I have written a letter, and I can’t find a
un problema pero sabes qué hacer. stamp.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to be I am doing a math problem, and I can’t figure
stumped. He is trying to solve the problem, out the answer.
but he doesn’t know how. The problem has 5. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to be
him stuck, or stumped. The boy has a problem stumped, to be stumped, to be stumped.
that is giving him trouble.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to turn something in
Word 4 to be quick on your feet

Word 3 to turn something in
1. In English, to turn something in often means 4. Work with your partner to list things that you
to give an assignment to your teacher. You can turn in. For example, when you returned
may also turn in other things. Say it with me: a book to the public library, you turned it in.
to turn something in. Create a list of five things that you can turn in.
2. En español, to turn something in quiere decir 5. Now share your list with the class. Count
“entregarle a una persona con autoridad the number of examples that the whole
lo que ésta te solicita.” Por ejemplo, debes class came up with for the phrase to turn
entregarle a tu maestra la tarea que te asignó. something in.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to turn 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
something in. The boy is giving a paper to turn something in, to turn something in, to
his teacher. The boy looks happy because turn something in.
he completed the assignment on time. The
teacher looks pleased because his student has
done what he asked him to do.
Word 4 to be quick on your feet

1. In English, we use the phrase to be quick on 4. I am going to name some situations. If you
your feet to describe the fast way in which think that you would respond by being quick
someone moves. Say it with me: to be quick on your feet, clap your hands. If you think
on your feet. that you would not need to be quick on your
2. En español, to be quick on your feet quiere feet, keep your hands in your lap.
decir “moverse a toda prisa.” Así expresas la The fire alarm goes off while you are at school.
manera veloz en que alguien camina o corre. Your little brother jumps off a swing and twists
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to be his ankle.
quick on your feet. The girl is racing down the Your friend calls to invite you to her house to
hallway with all her energy. Why do you think watch a movie next week.
she is running as fast as she can? Your mother is about to drop a bag of grocer-
ies as she balances your baby sister on her hip.
5. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to be
quick on your feet, to be quick on your feet, to
be quick on your feet.
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Basic Words cafeteria, coach, librarian,
Unit 1 Week 5
The Case of the Phantom Poet principal, custodian, track meet
cafeteria coach librarian
principal custodian track meet
ROUTINE
67
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 utensils
Unit 2 Week 1 The Emperor’s Silent Army
Word 2 superstitious
Key Vocabulary Word 1 utensils

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s pretend we are going to eat a bowl of
1. One word in the selection is utensils. Say it soup. Which utensil will we use? (spoon) Now
with me: utensils. Utensils means “tools we let’s eat our soup.
use to eat with.” We use spoons, knives, and 6. Now let’s pretend we are cutting a piece of
forks to eat. They are all utensils. meat with a knife and eating it with a fork.
2. En español, utensils quiere decir “las Pretend we have both utensils in our hand.
herramientas que se usan para comer, Now let’s cut and eat.
utensilios.” Usamos cucharas, cuchillos y 7. Now let’s say utensils together three more
tenedores para comer. Todos estos son times: utensils, utensils, utensils.
utensilios.
3. Utensils in English and utensilios in Spanish are
cognates. They sound almost the same and
mean the same thing in both languages.
the word utensils. (Point to each type of
utensil in the photo as you name it.) These are
different kinds of utensils we use to eat. These
are spoons, forks, and knives.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 superstitious

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Now, let’s look at a picture that demonstrates
1. Another word in the selection is superstitious. the word superstitious. (Point to the number
Say it with me: superstitious. Superstitious 13 in the photo.) This page from a calendar
means “believing that certain acts or events shows Friday the 13th. People who are
can bring you good or bad luck.” It is superstitious believe this is a bad luck day.
superstitious to believe that something bad 5. Tell your partner if you are superstitious about
will happen if you walk under a ladder. Friday the 13th. Do you think Friday the 13th is
2. En español, superstitious quiere decir “que bad luck? Why or why not?
cree que ciertos eventos, cosas o acciones 6. Talk to your partner about things superstitious
causan mala suerte; supersticioso.“ La people do or carry to bring them good luck.
creencia que el caminar debajo de una Use this sentence frame: Some superstitious
escalera causará que algo malo te ocurra es people to bring them
una creencia supersticiosa. good luck.
3. Supersticious in English and supersticioso in 7. Now let’s say superstitious together three
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost more times: superstitious, superstitious,
the same and mean the same thing in both superstitious.
languages.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 civilized
Word 4 excavate
Key Vocabulary Word 3 civilized

1. One word in the selection is civilized. Say it with the word civilized. (Point to the people
me: civilized. Civilized means “to act in a polite crossing the street in the photo.) These people
way with other people.” Wild animals are not waited for the light to turn green, then
civilized. They do not understand how to act crossed. They followed the rules. They are
politely or follow rules. People are civilized. civilized.
2. En español, civilized quiere decir “que se 5. Turn to your partner and talk about why else
comporta de una manera educada con otras this picture demonstrates the word civilized.
personas, civilizado.“ Los animales salvajes What did the people driving the cars do that
no son civilizados. Ellos no entienden cómo was civilized? (Examples: They stopped at the
comportarse de una manera educada ni que red light. They waited for people to cross.)
hay que seguir normas. Las personas sí son 6. Tell your partner one way we act civilized in
civilazadas. school. (Examples: We wait our turn to speak.
3. Civilized in English and civilizado in Spanish We get in line for lunch. We don’t fight in the
are cognates. They sound almost the same playground.)
and mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say civilized together three more
times: civilized, civilized, civilized.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 excavate

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s show how to carefully excavate using
1. Another word in the selection is excavate. Say small scoops and shovels. Pretend we are
it with me: excavate. To excavate means “to archaeologists and do not want to damage
dig something out from the earth.” People the skeleton we are excavating.
usually use tools like a scoop or shovel to 6. Now let’s pretend we are workers who must
excavate . excavate part of a road. Let’s use big shovels
2. En español, to excavate quiere decir and drills to excavate the dirt to make a deep
“desenterrar algo de la tierra, excavar.” Las big hole.
personas usan herramientas como las palas 7. Now let’s say excavate together three more
y las zapas para excavar. times: excavate, excavate, excavate.
3. To excavate in English and excavar in Spanish
the word excavate. (Point to the people and
skeleton in the photo.) These archaeologists
excavated this skeleton from the ground. They
used small shovels and brushes to carefully
excavate the dirt from around the skeleton.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 steadfastly
Word 6 precede
Key Vocabulary Word 5 steadfastly

1. One word in the selection is steadfastly. Say picture demonstrates the word steadfastly.
it with me: steadfastly. Steadfastly means “to Share your answers with the class. (The leaves
do something without giving up even if it is are big, but the ants do not give up.)
difficult to do.” If a team wants to win the 5. Tell your partner what you have worked at
players must work steadfastly during the game. steadfastly and why. Use the sentence frame:
2. En español, steadfastly quiere decir “hacer I steadfastly because I wanted
algo sin rendirse aún si es muy difícil de lograr, .
firmemente.“ Si un equipo quiere ganar, 6. Now let’s say steadfastly together three more
los jugadores del equipo tienen que jugar times: steadfastly, steadfastly, steadfastly.
firmemente desde el principio hasta el final
del partido.
the word steadfastly. (Point to the ants in
the photo.) See how these ants are carrying
leaves that are much bigger than they are. It
is difficult, but they are working steadfastly to
move the leaves to where they want them.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 precede

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s get in line. (Have several students stand
1. Another word in the selection is precede. Say in a line.) Raise your hand if you precede
it with me: precede. To precede means “to go (name of student in line). (Continue having
before or ahead.” When you are in line the children raise their hand if they precede other
person in front of you precedes you. students you name.)
2. En español, to precede quiere decir “ir antes 6. Let’s greet each other by shaking hands.
o adelante de, preceder.“ Imaginen que estan Precede shaking hands by telling the person
esperando en una fila. La persona que está you are greeting your name.
adelante de tí te precede. 7. Now let’s say precede together three more
3. To precede in English and preceder in Spanish times: precede, precede, precede.
the word precede. (Point to the winner of the
race in the photo.) See how this boy is first.
He won the race. He preceded all the other
children in the race.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 prolong
Word 8 restored
Key Vocabulary Word 7 prolong

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 5. Tell your partner how you might prolong a
1. One word in the selection is prolong. Say it visit from someone you like. (I would prolong
with me: prolong. To prolong means “to make a visit from my cousin by playing video games
something go on or last longer.” We prolong with her.)
the life of a light bulb by turning off the lights 6. Work with your partner to use the word
when we don’t need them. prolong in a sentence. Use the sentence
2. En español, to prolong quiere decir “hacer frame: To prolong the life of a computer you
que algo se demore o dure más, prolongar.“ should .
Prolongamos la vida de un bombillo apagando 7. Now let’s say prolong together three more
la luz cuando no la necesitamos. times: prolong, prolong, prolong.
3. To prolong in English and prolongar in Spanish
the word prolong. (Point to the mechanic in
the photo.) See how mechanic is fixing the
car. He is prolonging the life of the car. He is
making the car last longer by taking care of it.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 restored

1. Another word in the selection is restored. the word restored. (Point to the statue in the
Say it with me: restored. Restored means photo.) This is the top of the Statue of Liberty.
“brought back or returned to an earlier or The statue is being restored to its original
better condition.” We often restore old things condition. It is being fixed and cleaned so that
to make them work again. An old car that has it looks like it first did.
been restored looks and works like new. 5. Let’s pretend we are looking for our favorite
2. En español, to restore quiere decir “volver pair of jeans in a drawer. Let’s take out all of
a poner algo en su estado anterior o en the folded clothes to find them. What a mess!
mejor estado, restaurar.” Con frecuencia Now let’s restore the clothes to the drawer
restauramos cosas viejas para que sirvan de so that they are folded like they were in the
nuevo. Un carro viejo que ha sido restaurado beginning.
se ve y funciona como si fuera nuevo. 6. Let’s pretend we spilled grease on our favorite
3. To restore in English and restaurar in Spanish pair of jeans. Now let’s wash and iron our
are cognates. They sound almost the same jeans to restore them.
and mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say restored together three more
times: restored, restored, restored.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 knee-length
Word 2 sharp enough to split a hair

Word 1 knee-length
1. In English, we use knee-length to describe 4. With your partner, discuss things that are
an article of clothing that goes down to your knee-length. Quickly make a list of things that
knees. Say it with me: knee-length. go down to your knees. (Ask one or two pairs
2. En español, knee-length quiere decir “a la for their response.)
rodilla”. Así describes una prenda de vestir que 5. Now make two drawings that show things
llega a las rodillas. that are knee-length. Share your drawings
3. This picture illustrates the phrase knee-length. with your partner.
These soccer players wear shorts that go down 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
as far as their knees. They are wearing knee- knee-length, knee-length, knee-length.
length shorts.
Word 2 sharp enough to split a hair

1. In English, we use the phrase sharp enough 4. I am going to say several words. After you
to split a hair to describe something that hear each word, think about whether the item
is extremely sharp. Say it with me: sharp is sharp enough to split a hair. If it is, then
enough to split a hair. Since a hair is so tiny, raise your hands. If it is not, then do not raise
it would take something really sharp to cut it your hands.
lengthwise. a hammer
2. En español, sharp enough to split a hair a paper clip
quiere decir “tan filoso que podría rebanar un a pair of scissors
cabello.” Una navaja o un hacha deberían ser a razor blade
demasiado filosas para poder rebanar algo tan a tape measure
fino y delgado como un cabello. 5. Repeat the phrase three times with me: sharp
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase sharp enough to split a hair, sharp enough to split a
enough to split a hair. The knife is so sharp hair, sharp enough to split a hair.
that it will cut through just about anything.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to stare back at
Word 4 if news got out

Word 3 to stare back at
1. In English, we use the phrase to stare back 4. Stare at your partner for several minutes.
at to describe the way in which you return When you are done, discuss how you felt
someone’s gaze. Say it with me: to stare back during your staring match. Talk about how it
at. If you look right at me, and I look right feels when you are being stared at. You might
back at you, then I am staring back at you. feel uncomfortable or you might feel flattered
2. En español, to stare back at quiere decir because you think that someone likes you.
“devolverle la mirada a alguien.” Si me 5. Then discuss why you stare back at someone.
miras directamente, y yo te miro de la misma For example, you might stare to get someone’s
manera, entonces te estoy devolviendo la attention. Or you might stare because you are
mirada. angry or annoyed.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to stare 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
back at. The man and woman are looking stare back at, to stare back at, to stare back at.
at each other intently. They are staring back
at each other.
Word 4 if news got out

1. In English, we use the phrase if news got 4. I will say a series of statements out loud. If
out to describe the fear that you have if you you think that the statement should be kept
have a secret that you don’t want to reveal to secret, say “if news got out.” If you don’t
others. Say it with me: if news got out. think that the statement should be kept
2. En español, if news got out quiere decir “si secret, don’t say anything.
la verdad llega a salir a flote.” Así expresas The man wearing the green sweatshirt never
el temor que te causa la sola idea de que un takes a shower.
secreto tuyo llegue a oídos de otros. Our principal makes daily announcements on
3. This picture illustrates the phrase if news got the intercom.
out. The three girls are sharing a secret. They My bus driver drives much too fast on
are whispering so that others do not hear neighborhood streets.
what they are talking about. They might be Your soccer coach yells too much during
nervous that someone’s feelings would be games.
hurt if their news got out. They don’t want 5. Think of three examples of a secret that you
their secrets to be heard by others. would not want others to know. Make a
sentence using the phrase if news got out.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: if
news got out, if news got out, if news got out.
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Basic Words
Unit 2 Week 1
pottery, terracotta, arrowheads,
The Emperor’s Silent Army
figurine, crossbow, jade
pottery terracotta arrowheads
figurine crossbow jade
ROUTINE
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(bl) © Stockdisc/PunchStock. (bm) © dk/Alamy Images. (br) © IMS Communications Ltd./Capstone Design/FlatEarth Images.
Key Vocabulary Word 1 feature
Unit 2 Week 2 Daily Life in Ancient Greece
Word 2 foundation
Key Vocabulary Word 1 feature

1. One word in the selection is feature. Say it the word feature. (Point to the seat belt in the
with me: feature. Feature means “a part that photo.) The seat belt is a safety feature in the
makes something special.” Our features, car. It is a special part of the car that helps
like our eyes, nose, and mouth make us look keep passengers safe.
special or different than others. Animals and 4. Think about your favorite game. Tell your
objects have features too. For example, a car partner what feature of the game you like
might have air conditioning as a feature. best.
2. En español, feature quiere decir “lo que 5. Suppose we could get a new computer for our
hace que uno o algo sea distinto o especial; classroom. What is an important feature you
facción (si es de una persona) o característica would want the computer to have? (Examples
(si es de una cosa).” Nuestras facciones como include: flat screen monitor, headphones,
nuestros ojos, nariz y boca nos hacen ver built-in games)
distintos a otros. Los animales y los objetos 6. Now let’s say feature together three more
también tienen características. Por ejemplo, times: feature, feature, feature.
el aire acondicionado es una característica del
modelo del carro.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 foundation

1. Another word in the selection is foundation. the word foundation. (Point to the foundation
Say it with me: foundation. Foundation means in the photo.) This is the first part of a
“the basis or bottom that help hold something big building that is being built. It is the
up.” A well-built building always has a strong foundation. It will be at the bottom of the
foundation. In school, kindergarten gives building when it is finished.
students a foundation for what they will learn 5. When you were little, teachers and family
in first grade. members read books to you as a foundation
2. En español, foundation quiere decir “la base to help you learn to read. Tell your partner
que da apoyo a una estructura o una cosa, the name of a book that was part of your
fundamento.” Un edificio bien construido reading foundation.
siempre tiene un fundamento fuerte. Lo que 6. Tell your partner a sentence with the word
aprenden en kinder les da un fundamento foundation. Use this sentence frame: The
a los estudiantes para lo que aprenderán en foundation of a building is .
primero. 7. Now let’s say foundation together three more
3. Foundation in English and fundamento in times: foundation, foundation, foundation.
languages.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 principal
Word 4 reliable
Key Vocabulary Word 3 principal

1. One word in the selection is principal. Say it the word principal. (Point to the main
with me: principal. Principal means “the main highway in the photo.) You can see there are
or most important.” The principal character many roads leading into this city, but this big
in a book is the main character. It is the most highway is the principal, or main road leading
important character that the book is about. into the city.
2. En español, principal quiere decir “lo esencial 5. Turn to your partner and talk about the
o más importante, principal.” El personaje principal person or thing you use to help
principal de un libro es el protagonista, o el you with school work. (Examples include: a
personaje más importante. Es el personaje del computer, an encyclopedia, a parent, a big
cual se trata el libro. sister, a teacher)
3. Principal in English and principal in Spanish 6. What is the principal road that leads to your
are cognates. They sound almost the same house? Answer in the sentence frame: The
and mean the same thing in both languages. principal road to my house is .
7. Now let’s say principal together three more
times: principal, principal, principal.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 reliable

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Tell your partner who you rely on. Who do you
1. Another word in the selection is reliable. Say it know who is reliable? What do they do that
with me: reliable. Reliable means “dependable shows they are reliable? (My big sister helps
and able to be trusted.” If you are ill you want me with my homework when I need her.)
to go to a reliable doctor to help you get well. 5. Talk to your partner about being reliable.
You want to go to a doctor whose suggestions What can you do to show you are a reliable
and prescriptions you can trust. person? (I can feed my pet everyday.)
2. En español, reliable quiere decir “una cosa o 6. Now let’s say reliable together three more
persona en la que se puede confiar, fiable.” times: reliable, reliable, reliable.
Si estás enfermo, quieres ir a un doctor fiable.
Quieres un doctor en el que confías porque
te da buenos consejos y una buena receta
médica.
the word reliable. (Point to the people the
photo.) These community helpers are reliable.
We can count on fire fighters and police
officers to help us when we need them. They
are always there if we need them.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 restricted
Word 6 promoted
Key Vocabulary Word 5 restricted

1. One word in the selection is restricted. Say the word restricted. (Point to the sign in the
it with me: restricted. Restricted means photo.) The sign says, “No smoking in this
“controlled or limited.” Some store parking area.” That means this area or part of the
lots are restricted. Only people who are building is restricted. People smoking can not
shopping in the store can park there. Others come to this area.
are not allowed to park there. 5. Let’s make two groups. One group is restricted
2. En español, restricted quiere decir to boys. The other group is restricted to girls.
“controlado o limitado, restringido.” Algunos 6. Let’s pretend we are ticket collectors at a
estacionamientos son restringidos. Sólo las movie theater. The movie is restricted to
personas que están haciendo compras en people with tickets. Let’s pretend someone
la tienda pueden estacionar allí. El resto de with a ticket wants to come in. (Demonstrate
personas no pueden estacionar allí. ushering in the person.) Now let’s pretend
3. Restricted in English and restringido in Spanish someone without a ticket wants to come in.
are cognates. They sound almost the same (Demonstrate restricting the person.)
and mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say restricted together three more
times: restricted, restricted, restricted.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 promoted

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk to your partner about what the young
1. Another word in the selection is promoted. man in this picture had to do to get promoted.
Say it with me: promoted. Promoted means (study hard, do all his work, do well on tests)
“to be moved ahead or moved up higher.” 6. When you work at a job and do well you can
You were all promoted from fifth grade to get promoted. Tell your partner what might
sixth grade. happen to someone who gets promoted at a
2. En español, to promote quiere decir “mover job. Use this sentence frame: When you get
hacia adelante o hacia arriba, promover.” promoted, you . (make more
Todos ustedes fueron promovidos de quinto money, are in charge of more people, do
a sexto grado. different work)
3. To promote in English and promover in 7. Now let’s say promoted together three more
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost times: promoted, promoted, promoted.
languages.
the word promoted. (Point to the graduate in
the photo.) This shows a young man who is
graduating. See the diploma in his hand. He
was promoted, or moved up in school.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 maintain
Word 8 regions
Key Vocabulary Word 7 maintain

1. One word in the selection is maintain. Say it the word maintain. (Point to the girl in the
with me: maintain. To maintain means “to photo.) See how this girl is feeding her fish.
continue to keep in good condition, to take She maintains the conditions in the tank so
care.” Police officers help to maintain our that her fish can live.
safety. We should eat fruits and vegetables to 5. Tell your partner what else the girl in the
maintain our health. picture might to do maintain her fish.
2. En español, to maintain quiere decir “cuidar (Clean the fish tank. Feed her fish.)
algo para que siga en su mismo estado, 6. Tell your partner what you maintain and
mantener.” Los policías mantienen la how you maintain it. Use the sentence
seguridad en nuestros vecindarios. Nosotros frame: I maintain my by
debemos comer frutas y verduras para . (I maintain my room by
mantenernos saludables. cleaning it every week. I maintain my dog by
3. To maintain in English and mantener in walking it and feeding it every day.)
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say maintain together three more
the same and mean the same thing in both l times: maintain, maintain, maintain.
anguages.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 regions

1. Another word in the selection is regions. Say it the word regions. (Point to the mountains in
with me: regions. Regions means “large areas the photo.) This region had mountains and
of land, parts of a country.” Different regions grasslands. This part of the country is different
of a country have different characteristics. from other regions.
Some regions have mountains. Some regions 5. Tell your partner one thing about the region
are near the ocean. of the country we live in. Do we live in the
2. En español, regions quiere decir “secciones mountains, in the city, near the ocean?
determinadas de terreno, partes de un país, 6. Talk about what your favorite region might be
regiones.” Las regiones de un país tienen like. Use the sentence frame: I would like to
características diferentes. Algunas regiones live in a region that .
tienen montañas. Otras regiones están cerca 7. Now let’s say regions together three more
del océano. times: regions, regions, regions.
3. Regions in English and regiones in Spanish are
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to touch on
Word 2 to take a job

Word 1 to touch on
1. In English, we use the phrase to touch on to 4. With your partner, choose a topic that you
describe the way in which someone makes would like to discuss in an oral presentation.
several points, either in speaking or in writing. Then make a list of all the points that you
You might touch on several points about a would touch on in your presentation. (Ask one
subject when you make an oral presentation or two pairs to share their lists.)
in school. Say it with me: to touch on. 5. Now list the order of the points that you
2. En español, to touch on quiere decir “abordar would touch on in your report. Think about
varios puntos al escribir o hablar sobre un the importance of putting your ideas into
tema específico.” Por ejemplo, si haces una a logical sequence when you plan an oral
presentación oral en tu escuela, es posible que presentation.
abordes varios puntos de tu tema. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to touch touch on, to touch on, to touch on.
on. The woman is making a presentation for
work. As she discusses her ideas, she points to
the chart that she has made. She will touch
on, or talk about, each of the topics listed in
the circles on the chart.
Word 2 to take a job

1. In English, we use the phrase to take a job to 4. I am going to name some things that people
describe what you do when you say “yes” to a do. When I name something that is a job, say,
job offer. Say it with me: to take a job. “take a job.” When I name something that is
2. En español, to take a job quiere decir “tomar not a job, don’t say anything.
un empleo.” Así se dice cuando alguien decide get dressed in the morning
aceptar una oferta de trabajo. sell tickets at the train station
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to take a make dinner for your family
job. The woman has taken a job as a waitress help people find new homes or apartments
in a restaurant. She will be busy taking orders, care for sick people in a hospital
talking to customers and co-workers, and train workers to use new software programs
serving food. 5. Imagine that you are offered your dream job.
Tell what the job is. Be sure to use the phrase
to take a job when you describe your dream
job. (Call on a few students to respond.)
take a job, to take a job, to take a job.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to teem with
Word 4 to reach its height

Word 3 to teem with
1. In English, we use the phrase to teem with to 4. With your partner, think of things that might
describe the way in which something is filled teem with something. For example, a stadium
to the point of overflowing. Say it with me: might teem with fans, or city streets might
to teem with. teem with people on a beautiful spring
2. En español, to teem with quiere decir day. List at least five things that teem with
“desbordarse algo por estar completamente something.
lleno.” 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to teem illustrates the phrase to teem with. Write a
with. The field is so full of orange flowers that sentence using the phrase to teem with to
you see just a few patches of grass. The field is accompany your drawing. (Post students’
teeming with orange flowers! drawings around the class.)
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
to teem with, to teem with, to teem with.
Word 4 to reach its height

1. In English, we use the phrase to reach its 4. I am going to name some events. When I
height to describe what happens when describe an event that is an example of the
something is as good as it can possibly be. For phrase to reach its height, raise your hands
example, when the Roman Empire reached high. When I tell about an event that does not
its height, people were unified by a common illustrate the phrase, keep your hands down.
language, a strong army, a network of roads, Our city’s baseball team won the World Series.
and a centralized government. Say it with me: I read a good book last week.
to reach its height. My favorite candidate was elected president
2. En español, to reach its height quiere decir of the United States.
“alcanzar su máximo punto o cumbre.” La Your uncle’s bowling team won the state
frase quiere decir que está en el mejor estado tournament.
que podría llegar a estar. Por ejemplo, cuando You finished your homework in half an hour.
el imperio romano llegó a su cumbre, tenía un 5. Imagine that your friends have a goal that is
idioma común, un ejército poderoso, una red important to reach. Describe how you would
de caminos y un gobierno central. go about achieving your goal. Use the phrase
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to reach to reach its height as you tell about reaching
its height. The soccer team is celebrating. your goal. (Call on a few students to respond.)
The team has reached its height by winning 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
the league championship. They have won the reach its height, to reach its height, to reach
league trophy! its height.
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Basic Words
Unit 2 Week 2
festival, schooling, household,
Daily Life in Ancient Greece
sports, citizens, craftsman
festival schooling household
sports citizens craftsman
ROUTINE
2 Define each word in English, referring to the photograph.
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 anthropologists
Unit 2 Week 3 These Walls Can Talk
Word 2 presumably
Key Vocabulary Word 1 anthropologists

1. One word in the selection is anthropologists. the word anthropologists. (Point to the
Say it with me: anthropologists. white woman in the photo.) This woman
Anthropologists means “scientists who is one of many anthropologists who study
study human culture and development.” these people to learn about their traditions.
Anthropologists study how different people Anthropologists share this information with
around the world live and what they believe. other scientists and historians.
They also study ancient cultures. 5. Pretend that you and your partner are
2. En español, anthropologists quiere decir anthopologists who are studying the culture
“científicos que estudian la cultura humana y of the people in this picture. Discuss with your
su desarrollo, antropólogos.” Los antropólogos partner some questions that you might want
estudian cómo viven y qué creencias tienen to ask these people.
diferentes personas en el mundo entero. 6. Tell your partner if you would or would not
También estudian culturas antiguas. like to be an anthropologist and why. Use the
3. Anthropologists in English and antropólogos sentence frame: I would/would not like to be
in Spanish are cognates. They sound almost an anthropologist because .
the same and mean the same thing in both 7. Now let’s say anthropologists together three
languages. more times: anthropologists, anthropologists,
anthropologists.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 presumably

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Tell your partner what would presumably
1. Another word in the selection is presumably. happen if the sky is filled with clouds.
Say it with me: presumably. Presumably (Presumably it will rain.)
suggests that something is or was expected to 5. Share a sentence with your partner using the
happen. For example, presumably, you will do word presumably. Use this sentence frame:
well on a test if you study. Presumably, if you If it is snowing outside it is presumably
are hungry you will eat. . (cold, the winter)
2. En español, presumably quiere decir 6. Now let’s say presumably together three more
“supuestamente o presuntamente.” Es algo times: presumably, presumably, presumably.
que es sospechado o esperado. Si estudias
presuntamente te irá bien en el examen.
Presuntamente comerás cuando sientas hambre.
the word presumably. (Point to the ancient
ruins in the photo.) These ruins are very old.
They show ancient buildings built into the
mountains. So presumably, people lived here
at one time.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 immense
Word 4 portable
Key Vocabulary Word 3 immense

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s pretend we are eating an immense
1. One word in the selection is immense. Say it hamburger. We will have to open our mouths
with me: immense. Immense means “very, very wide to take a bite from this immense
very big, or huge.” A swim ming pool can be burger.
big, but the ocean is immense. 6. Let’s first pretend we are carrying a big bag of
2. En español, immense quiere decir “muy groceries. Now let’s pretend we are carrying
grande, enorme, inmenso.” Una piscina puede an immense bag of groceries.
ser grande, pero el océano es inmenso. 7. Now let’s say immense together three more
3. Immense in English and inmenso in Spanish times: immense, immense, immense.
the word immense. (Point to the mountain in
the photo.) Some mountains are big, but this
mountain is so big it cannot all be seen in the
photo. This mountain is immense.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 portable

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Now, let’s look at a picture that demonstrates
1. Another word in the selection is portable. Say the word portable. (Point to the laptop in the
it with me: portable. Portable means “able to photo.) You can carry this laptop computer
be carried or moved easily.” A small television with you. It is portable. Large desktop
is portable. You can move it easily from room computers are not portable.
to room. The big screen in the movie theater 5. Tell your partner something in this room that
is not portable. You can not move it easily. is portable. Then name something that is not
2. En español, portable quiere decir “que se portable. (My desk is portable. The teacher’s
puede llevar o transportar con facilidad, desk is not portable.)
portátil.” Un televisor pequeño es portátil. Lo 6. Tell your partner about something you carry
puedes mover facilmente de un cuarto a otro. to school. Use the word portable to tell about
La pantalla grande de un teatro no es portátil. it. (My books are portable. I carry them in a
No se puede mover muy facilmente. backpack.)
3. Portable in English and portátil in Spanish are 7. Now let’s say portable together three more
cognates. They sound almost the same and times: portable, portable, portable.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 nuisance
Key Vocabulary Word 5 nuisance

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Tell your partner if you think tying your shoes
1. One word in the selection is nuisance. is a nuisance. Tell why or why not.
Say it with me: nuisance. Nuisance means 5. Talk to your partner about something you
“something that causes trouble or a problem; must do that is a nuisance. Tell why it is a
someone or something that is annoying.” A nuisance. (It is a nuisance to make my bed
person who talks while you are watching a every day because it takes too much time.)
movie can be a nuisance. 6. Now let’s say nuisance together three more
2. En español, nuisance quiere decir “algo que times: nuisance, nuisance, nuisance.
causa estorbo o problemas, un incordio.” Una
persona que habla mientras te tratas de ver
una película es un incordio.
the word nuisance. (Point to the shoelaces in
the photo.) Even though it is hard and takes
time, we must tie our shoelaces. This can
sometimes be a nuisance, especially if you are
in a hurry to go out to play.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 off limits
Word 2 in great abundance

Word 1 off limits
1. In English, we use the phrase off limits to 4. With your partner, think about reasons that
describe something that you should not go an area would be marked off limits. Make a
near. The term off limits is usually applied to list of all the places that you can think of that
something that could be dangerous to people. fit this category. (Ask one or two pairs for
Say it with me: off limits. their response.)
2. En español, off limits quiere decir “algo que 5. Choose one of the places you listed that
debe mantenerse lejos de algo o alguien.” should be off limits. Draw a picture of this
Así se dice para prevenirte que no debes place. Complete this sentence at the bottom
acercarte a algo o alguien que puede ser of your picture: This place is off limits because
peligroso para ti. .
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase off 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: off
limits. The sign attached to the fence warns limits, off limits, off limits.
people to stay away from the area that has
been fenced off. People could be hurt if they
do not pay attention to the sign. This area is
off limits because it is dangerous.
Word 2 in great abundance

1. In English, we use the phrase in great 4. I am going to name some things. When I
abundance to describe the state of having name something that is plentiful, say “in great
plenty. When something is in great abundance.” When I name something that is
abundance, there is more than enough of it. not plentiful, don’t say anything.
2. En español, in great abundance quiere decir twenty-four bagels for five people
“abundantemente.” Así se expresa que hay four chairs for four people
más de lo necesario de algo. thirty balloons for three children
3. This picture illustrates the phrase in great fifty bottles of fruit juice for a class of fifteen
abundance. The wheat is in great abundance students
in this field. The farmer who owns the field thirty-five jackets for thirty-five children
must be pleased because there is so much one hundred books for twenty people
wheat. This will be a good harvest! 5. Imagine that you could have a great
abundance of something. Tell what you would
want a great abundance of and what you
would do with it. (Call on a few students to
respond.)
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: in
great abundance, in great abundance, in
great abundance.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to stumble across
Unit 2 Week 3 These Walls Can Talk (find by accident)
Word 4 to close a window forever

Word 3 to stumble across (find by accident)
1. In English, we use the phrase to stumble 4. Look around the room. Talk with your partner
across to describe what happens when you about what you might stumble across if you
find something by accident. Say it with me: explored different areas of our classroom.
to stumble across. What might you stumble across in your desk?
2. En español, to stumble across quiere decir What might you stumble across in the reading
“toparse con algo o alguien.” Así se dice para corner?
expresar que alguien ha hallado en su camino 5. Imagine that you are cleaning out an old
algo o a alguien por casualidad. garden shed at a neighbor’s house. Talk with
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to stumble your partner about what things you might
across. The man is out shopping. He set out to stumble across as you clean out the shed.
buy himself a new jacket, but while shopping 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
he found other things that he needs. He stumble across, to stumble across, to stumble
stumbled across a great sale on pants, so he across.
decided to pick up a new pair for himself and
for his brother.
Word 4 to close a window forever

1. In English, we use the phrase to close a 4. I am going to describe some events. When I
window forever to express the way in which tell about something that closes a window
people end a stage of their lives. Say it with forever, wave “goodbye.” When my
me: to close a window forever. description is not about closing a window
2. En español, to close a window forever forever, do not wave.
quiere decir “cerrar un capítulo.” Así se You brush your teeth and get ready for bed.
dice cuando una persona decide dejar atrás Your grandmother retires after working for
definitivamente una etapa de su vida. the same company for thirty years.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to close a My brother goes to Spain during his summer
window forever. The woman has packed up vacation.
her car and is moving someplace else. As she Your best friend’s family moves to another
waves goodbye, she is probably excited about state.
setting up her new home. She is closing a My father opens his second hardware store.
window on this stage of her life and setting 5. Imagine that you are going to make a major
out to begin a new adventure. life change. Make up a sentence telling about
the change. Be sure to use the phrase to close
a window forever. (Call on a few students
to respond.)
close a window forever, to close a window
forever, to close a window forever.
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Basic Words
Unit 2 Week 3
cavern, tunnel, Stone Age,
These Walls Can Talk
headlamp, rock art, engraving
cavern tunnel Stone Age
headlamp rock art engraving
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 remote
Unit 2 Week 4 Lost City: The Discovery of Machu Picchu
Word 2 escort
Key Vocabulary Word 1 remote

1. One word in the selection is remote. Say it word remote. Look at the desert and two rock
with me: remote. Remote means something formations. I don’t see anything else around.
is “hidden away, secluded or private.” On the There are no stores, people, or cars. I think
weekends, I like to have quiet time to myself. this desert area is far away from big cities! It
I often take a trip to the remote mountains to looks very peaceful and quiet in this remote
think. area.
2. En español, remote quiere decir “escondido, 5. Talk with a partner about how this picture
privado o aislado, remoto.” Los fines de illustrates the word remote. Share your ideas
semana me gusta pasar un tiempo tranquilo with the class. (It looks like it is in the middle
y solo. Muchas veces voy a las montañas of nowhere. There is nothing else around the
remotas a pensar. desert area. This desert area is far away from
everything.)
3. Remote in English and remoto in Spanish are
cognates. They sound almost the same and 6. Work with your partner to talk about a place
mean the same thing in both languages. that you would describe as remote. Name the
place and tell why it is considered remote.
7. Now let’s say remote together three more
times: remote, remote, remote.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 escort

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s all show what it’s like to be an escort.
1. Another word in the selection is escort. Say Let’s pretend we are at the library with
it with me: escort. An escort is someone who someone who has never been there before.
guides people around a specific place. We Tell the person what they can see and do at
went on a field trip to the science center. The the library.
escort showed us all the animals living there! 5. Work with a partner to take turns being an
2. En español, escort quiere decir “una persona escort. Think about a place you are familiar
que acompaña a otras personas para guiarlas with. Pretend you are an escort at this place.
a un lugar, guía.” Nuestra clase fue al museo Then show and tell your partner about this
de ciencias. El guía del museo nos mostró place.
todas las serpientes, los lagartos y las tortugas 6. Now let’s say escort together three more
que viven ahí. times: escort, escort, escort.
word escort. (Point to the scuba diver on the
right.) This scuba diver is an escort. He will
show the other scuba diver around. The escort
will point out the plants and animals that can
be found in the ocean.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 interpreter
Word 4 vegetation
Key Vocabulary Word 3 interpreter

1. One word in the selection is interpreter. word interpreter. (Point to the man.) This man
Say it with me: interpreter. An interpreter is is an interpreter. He is using sign language to
someone who translates something from one help deaf people in the audience understand
language into another. My aunt only speaks what the speaker is saying. Sign language uses
Spanish. When she comes to school, I am her hand movements instead of sound to show
interpreter. I translate what my friends are meaning.
saying in English into Spanish for my aunt. 5. Discuss with your partner the places where
2. En español, interpreter quiere decir “una you might see an interpreter at work. (Places
persona que traduce algo de un lenguaje a otro, include: homes, schools, courts the United
intérprete.” Mi tía sólo habla español. Cuando Nations) Share your ideas with the class.
viene a almorzar conmigo en el colegio, soy su 6. Work with your partner to use the word
intérprete. Traduzco lo que dicen mis amigos al interpreter in a sentence. Use the sentence
español para que ella entienda y traduzco lo que frame: The interpreter .
dice mi tía al inglés. 7. Now let’s say interpreter together three more
times: interpreter, interpreter, interpreter.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 vegetation

1. Another word in the selection is vegetation. word vegetation. Wow! Look at all the green
Say it with me: vegetation. Vegetation is the vegetation. There are trees, bushes and green
plants of an area or region. The vegetation plants that cover the side of the mountain.
in California is much different than that in The vegetation in this area is beautiful.
Maine. The vegetation in California can not 5. Tell a partner how this picture illustrates the
live and grow in very cold weather that is word vegetation. Share your ideas with the
found in the wintertime in Maine. class. (You can see all the plants, bushes, and
2 En español, vegetation quiere decir trees that grow in this area. These are the
“las plantas de un área o una región, la plants that grow in this region.)
vegetación.” La vegetación de California es 6. Work with a partner to describe the
muy distinta a la de Maine. La vegetación de vegetation found in the area you live.
California no puede sobrevivir el clima frío de 7. Now let’s say vegetation together three more
Maine en el invierno. times: vegetation, vegetation, vegetation.
3. Vegetation in English and vegetación in
languages.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 venomous
Word 6 withstood
Key Vocabulary Word 5 venomous

1. One word in the selection is venomous. word venomous. Look at the snake. (Point to
Say it with me: venomous. Something that the snake.) This is a venomous snake. It is very
is venomous is full of venom or poison. A dangerous. See the snake’s tongue coming
venomous snake bit the scientist studying the out of his mouth. If this venomous snake bites
animals in the rainforest. The doctors had to a person, he or she could die.
quickly give the scientist medicine before the 5. Discuss why you might use the word
venom killed him. venomous to describe this picture. Share
2. En español, venomous quiere decir “lleno de your ideas with the class. (The snake is full of
veneno, venenoso.” Una serpiente venenosa venom. If it bites someone, they could die.)
mordió al científico que estudiaba los 6. Work with your partner to use the word
animales en la selva. Los doctores le tuvieron venomous in a sentence. Use the sentence
que dar medicina inmediatamente, antes de frame: If I see a venomous snake, I will
que el veneno lo matara. because .
3. Venomous in English and venenoso in Spanish 7. Now let’s say venomous together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same a times: venomous, venomous, venomous.
nd mean the same thing in both languages.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 withstood

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about how this picture
1. Another word in the selection is withstood. illustrates the word withstood. Share your
Say it with me: withstood. Withstood means ideas with the class. (The pyramids are very
“a person, place, or thing has survived old and still are in good shape. The pyramids
something very difficult.” The houses in our haven’t been damaged by the harsh weather
neighborhood withstood the rain and wind of the desert.)
from the devastating tornado. 5. Describe something or someone you are
2. En español, to withstand quiere decir familiar with that has withstood something
“aguantar o sobrevivir algo difícil, resistir.“ very difficult. Tell what or who it is and what
Las casas en nuestro vecindario han resistido it withstood.
la lluvia y la brisa del tornado devastador. 6. Now let’s say withstood together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the times: withstood, withstood, withstood.
word withstood. See the pyramids. (Point to
the pyramids.) The pyramids are very, very
old. They have withstood the harsh climate of
the desert for thousands of years without too
much damage.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 foretold
Word 8 accompanied
Key Vocabulary Word 7 foretold

1. One word in the selection is foretold. Say it illustrates the word foretold. Share your ideas
with me: foretold. When something is foretold with the class. (The weatherman warned
this means an event has been told about the people who live here about the storm.
before it actually happens. The weatherman The weatherman was able to use computer
foretold the terrible storm that hit our area. equipment to tell a storm was coming.)
2. En español, to foretell quiere decir “saber que 5. Work with your partner to use the
un evento va a ocurrir antes de que ocurra, word foretold in a sentence. Use the
presagiar, predecir.” El meteorólogo predijo sentence frame: foretold
que la tormenta se dirigiría a nuestra área. .
3. Now, let’s look at a picture that illustrates 6. Now let’s say foretold together three more
the word foretold. I see many houses along times: foretold, foretold, foretold.
the ocean. They all look like they have been
damaged from a bad storm. I see parts of
the houses along the shoreline. (Point to
the debris.) I bet the weatherman foretold
the storm that caused all this damage. This
allowed the people who lived in these homes
to find a safe area before the storm hit!
Key Vocabulary Word 8 accompanied

1. Another word in the selection is accompanied. word accompanied. I see a family walking
Say it with me: accompanied. When you have together in the woods. The father points
accompanied someone or a group of people to something in front of them. The family
this means you have gone somewhere with accompanied each other through the woods.
them. We accompanied the other sixth grade 5. Discuss with your partner how this picture
classes to the park. illustrates the word accompanied. Share your
2. En español, to accompany quiere decir ideas with the class. (The family is going
“brindarle compañía a alguien, estar junto a somewhere together. The family walks
otra persona mientras hace algo, acompañar.” through the woods together.)
Nosotros acompañamos a los otros 6. Describe a time you have accompanied
estudiantes de sexto al parque. someone or a group of people. Tell your
3. To accompany in English and acompañar in partner who you accompanied, where you
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost went, and what you did.
the same and mean the same thing in both 7. Now let’s say accompanied together three
languages. more times: accompanied, accompanied,
accompanied.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 might be the key
Word 2 grow determined

Word 1 might be the key
1. In English, we use the phrase might be the key 4. With your partner, discuss a mystery that
to refer to something that might be the main you have read about or seen in a movie or
clue to solving a problem. When something is television show. Then talk about the main
the key, it unlocks a mystery. Say it with me: clue, or key, that solved the mystery. Use
might be the key. might be the key as you talk about the
2. En español, it might be the key quiere decir mystery. (Call on one or two pairs to share.)
“la última pieza del rompecabezas.” Así se 5. Now with your partner, come up with an idea
dice para expresar que algo podría ser la pista for an original mystery. Decide on what will
principal de un problema. Cuando se halla la be the key to solving the mystery. Share your
última pieza del rompecabezas, ésta aclara el mystery and your clue with another pair. See
misterio que se intentaba resolver. if they can solve your mystery!
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase might be 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
the key. The fingerprint may be the final clue might be the key, might be the key, might
that unravels a mystery or solves a crime. It be the key.
might be the key we need to find the answer
we’re searching for.
Word 2 grow determined

1. In English, we use the phrase grow 4. I am going to name some things that you
determined to express the feeling that you might do. When I describe something that is
get when you make up your mind to do or an example of growing determined, raise your
accomplish something. Say it with me: hand. When I describe something that is not
grow determined. an example of growing determined, keep your
2. En español, to grow determined quiere hands down.
decir “estar resuelto a.” Así se expresa el After you get a C on a math test, you stay
sentimiento que alguien tiene cuando está after school for extra help so that you can
decidido a lograr o hacer algo nuevo o raise your grade on the next test.
muy difícil. You stay up until midnight to watch your
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase grow favorite movie.
determined. As the kids on this soccer team When you move to a different state, you
do their drills, they are motivated to do them decide to write a letter to your best friend at
correctly so that they can improve their skills least once a week.
and become better soccer players. With each To get into better shape, you decide to jog for
practice, they grow determined to become the half an hour every day.
best team in the league. They work hard so 5. Think about a goal that you feel strongly
they can win their games. about achieving. Briefly describe your goal. Be
sure to use the phrase grow determined when
you describe what you want to do. (Call on a
few students to share their ideas.)
grow determined, grow determined, grow
determined.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to steal one’s
Unit 2 Week 4 Lost City: The Discovery of Machu Picchu breath away
Word 4 more than ever

Word 3 to steal one’s breath away
1. In English, we use the phrase to steal one’s 4. With your partner, think of things that might
breath away to describe what happens when steal your breath away. For example, a brand-
people are so surprised that they can barely new bicycle might steal your breath away. Or
speak or breathe. Say it with me: to steal one’s a view from the top of a tall skyscraper or a
breath away. high mountain might steal your breath away.
2. En español, to steal one’s breath away quiere (Ask one or two pairs for their response.)
decir “quedarse anonadado o sin palabras.” 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing
Así se dice para expresar que alguien se ha that shows the phrase to steal one’s breath
asombrado tanto que no puede ni hablar. away. Write a sentence using the phrase
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to steal to steal one’s breath away to accompany
one’s breath away. The man unwrapping the your drawing.
presents is so surprised by what he sees that 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
he is left speechless. The gift must be very steal one’s breath away, to steal one’s breath
special because it stole his breath away! away, to steal one’s breath away.
Word 4 more than ever

1. In English, we use the phrase more than ever 4. I am going to read aloud a series of sentences.
to express a strong feeling about something When the sentence correctly uses the phrase
that you want to happen. For example, more than ever, clap your hands. When the
when you have a strong desire for something sentence does not use the phrase correctly,
to happen soon, you might say that it is do not clap your hands.
important now more than ever. Say it with After watching our baseball team win the
me: more than ever. regional series, I wanted them to win the
2. En español, more than ever quiere decir “como National Championship more than ever.
nunca antes.” Así se expresa que un deseo es When my family goes on vacation, we travel
muy fuerte. Por ejemplo, si deseas algo con to unusual places more than ever.
todo tu corazón, es posible que digas que lo
deseas como nunca antes. If you want to win the next spelling bee, you
should study your word lists more than ever.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase more
than ever. After winning their match, this After training for months the marathon, I
soccer team is feeling happier now more than wanted to finish more than ever.
ever before. 5. Imagine that you have a strong feeling about
doing something. Use the phrase more than
ever as you describe the feeling that you
have. (Call on a few students to share their
response.)
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: more
than ever, more than ever, more than ever.
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Basic Words ruins, stonework, temple, terrace,
Unit 2 Week 4
Lost City:
The Discovery of Machu Picchu
cobbled street, stone wall
ruins stonework temple
terrace cobbled street stone wall
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 rummaged
Unit 2 Week 5 The Magic Gourd
Word 2 undetected
Key Vocabulary Word 1 rummaged

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s all show what it is like to rummage.
1. One word in the selection is rummage. Say Let’s pretend we are at an outdoor market.
it with me: rummage. To rummage means The tables are filled with items for sale. Let’s
to “thoroughly search among a number of rummage through the items to see what we
things.” When I go shopping, I rummage can find.
through the racks of clothes to find exactly 5. Show your partner how you rummage. As you
what I am looking for! rummage, tell your partner where you are and
2. En español, to rummage quiere decir “buscar what you find.
cuidadosamente entre muchas cosas, hurgar.” 6. Now let’s say rummage together three more
Cuando voy a comprar ropa, hurgo en los times: rummage, rummage, rummage.
percheros y estantes hasta que encuentro
exactamente lo que buscaba.
the word rummage. Look at all the people
and look at all of the items for sale. (Point to
the people and the items on the tables.) The
people rummage through the items on the
table to see if they can find anything they
would like to buy.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 undetected

1. Another word in the selection is undetected. illustrates the word undetected. Share your
Say it with me: undetected. If something ideas with the class.
is undetected, this means it can’t be seen 5. Work with a partner to use the word
or heard. Many animals blend in with the undetected in a sentence. Use the sentence
grass, trees, and leaves around them. They go frame: The frog went undetected because
undetected when predators are near. .
2. En español, undetected quiere decir “que pasa 6. Now let’s say undetected together three more
sin ser percibido o detectado, algo que no se times: undetected, undetected, undetected.
ve, siente, ni escucha; desapercibido.“ Muchos
animales se camuflan con la grama, los árboles
y las hojas a su alrededor. Pasan desapercibidos
cuando los depredadores están cerca.
word undetected. Look very carefully at this
picture. This animal looks like a rock, so it can
be undetected and hide from its enemy.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 chameleon
Word 4 generosity
Key Vocabulary Word 3 chameleon

1. One word in the selection is chameleon. Say word chameleon. Look at the lizard. (Point to
it with me: chameleon. A chameleon is a the lizard.) This is a chameleon. Everything
type of lizard that is able to change colors to around the chameleon is green. So, the
match its background. The red chameleon chameleon is green, too.
was creeping through the tall green grass. 5. Discuss with your partner about why this
Suddenly, it saw a predator heading directly picture illustrates the word chameleon. Share
for it. The chameleon changed to the color your ideas with the class. (This type of lizard
green so it would blend in with the grass. is called a chameleon. The chameleon is the
2. En español, chameleon quiere decir “un tipo de same color as the background.)
lagarto que cambia de colores para camuflarse 6. Discuss with your partner why a chameleon
con los colores que lo rodean, camaleón.“ might need to change colors. Talk about
El camaleón rojo estaba atravesando el pasto how the ability to change colors helps a
verde. De repente, vió un depredador que se le chameleon.
acercaba. El camaleón cambió su color a verde 7. Now let’s say chameleon together three more
para camuflarse en el pasto. times: chameleon, chameleon, chameleon.
3. Chameleon in English and camaleón in Spanish
Key Vocabulary Word 4 generosity

1. Another word in the selection is generosity. the word generosity. Look at the boy and
Say it with me: generosity. Generosity means girl. (Point to the boy and girl.) They are
“the willingness to give things or help to volunteering their time to serve food to
others.” Many of our students have been others. The generosity of the students is
collecting canned food for the needy in our greatly appreciated!
community. Their kindness and generosity is 5. Tell a partner how this picture illustrates the
helping those that are less fortunate. word generosity. Share your ideas with the
2. En español, generosity quiere decir “la class. (The students are helping others. They
voluntad de querer dar cosas o dar ayuda are giving of themselves to help others. They
a otros, generosidad.” Muchos estudiantes are doing a kind act.)
en nuestro colegio han estado recogiendo 6. Work with a partner to discuss what things
alimentos enlatados para los necesitados de la you think of when you hear the word
comunidad. Este acto demuestra su bondad y generosity. Share and compare your ideas with
generosidad. another pair of students.
3. Generosity in English and generosidad in 7. Now let’s say generosity together three more
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost times: generosity, generosity, generosity.
languages.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 pathetic
Word 6 famine
Key Vocabulary Word 5 pathetic

1. One word in the selection is pathetic. Say the word pathetic. Look at the people. (Point
it with me: pathetic. When something to the people.) They are in a canoe in the
is described as pathetic this means it is middle of the lake. Their canoe is filling up
“miserable, sad, or depressing.” I was riding with water and now they are stuck! They look
my bike last week. Suddenly, my chain broke pathetic.
and I noticed I had a flat tire. I stood on the 5. Discuss why you might use the word pathetic
side of the road and wondered what to do. I to describe this picture. Share your ideas with
know I looked pathetic. the class. (It is very sad that the people are
2. En español, pathetic quiere decir “miserable, stuck in the middle of the lake. They look
triste o deprimente, patético.“ Me dirigía a miserable. I’m sure they are worried about
la casa de un amigo en bicicleta cuando, de how they are going to get back to shore.)
repente, se reventó la cadena y me di cuenta 6. Work with your partner to use the word
que mi llanta se había desinflado. Paré al lado pathetic in a sentence. Use the sentence
de la carretera mientras pensaba en qué hacer. frame: The boys look pathetic because
Sé que me veía patético. .
3. Pathetic in English and patético in Spanish are 7. Now let’s say pathetic together three more
cognates. They sound almost the same and times: pathetic, pathetic, pathetic.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 famine

1. Another word in the selection is famine. Say it illustrates the word famine. Share your ideas
with me: famine. A famine is a severe shortage with the class. (There is no food to eat. The
of food that affects a large area. The farmer’s farmer’s crops did not grow. The people will
crops were destroyed by the terrible winter have no food to eat.)
weather. They have no food to feed their 5. Discuss with a partner what might happen as
families. They are afraid there will be a famine. a result of a famine. Tell what would happen
2. En español, famine quiere decir “una escasez and explain why.
o falta de comida que afecta un área, 6. Now let’s say famine together three more
hambruna.“ Las cosechas de los granjeros times: famine, famine, famine.
fueron destruidas por el invierno intenso.
Ahora no tienen qué darle de comer a sus
familias. Están preocupados que pronto habrá
una hambruna.
word famine. See the farmland. (Point to the
farmland.) There are very few crops that grew.
There will be no food to sell or eat. This is
a famine.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 scrounging
Word 8 pursuing
Key Vocabulary Word 7 scrounging

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are very hungry. Now let’s
1. One word in the selection is scrounging. open the cabinet where your mom keeps the
Say it with me: scrounging. When you are food. Let’s look to see if we can find some
scrounging, you are searching for food or cookies. We are scrounging through the
supplies. I had a very important party to cabinet to find something to eat.
attend. I was scrounging in my closet to find 5. Pretend you are scrounging. Have your partner
just the right party dress. guess where you are scrounging and what you
2. En español, to scrounge quiere decir “buscar are scrounging for. Trade roles.
mucho comida o materiales, rebuscar.“ Iré a 6. Now let’s say scrounging together three more
una fiesta muy importate esta noche. Ayer times: scrounging, scrounging, scrounging.
rebusqué mi armario en busca del vestido
perfecto para la ocasión.
3. Now, let’s look at a picture that illustrates the
word scrounging. I see a girl in the library.
She is looking through all of the books. She is
scrounging for the perfect one.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 pursuing

1. Another word in the selection is pursuing. Say illustrates the word pursuing. Share your ideas
it with me: pursuing. When you are pursuing with the class. (The lion is chasing the zebra.
something or someone you are chasing The lion is running as fast as it can to catch
or following them. When you see a cop the zebra.)
following a criminal, you’re watching a cop 5. Work with your partner to use the word
pursuing him. pursuing in a sentence. Use the sentence
2. En español, to pursue quiere decir “seguir frame: The lion is pursuing the zebra because
algo o perseguir a alguien.“ Cuando ves a un .
policía correr detrás de un criminal, lo estás 6. Now let’s say pursuing together three more
viendo perseguirlo. times: pursuing, pursuing, pursuing.
word pursuing. I see a zebra. (Point to the
zebra.) I see a lion. (Point to the lion.) The
zebra is running very fast. The lion is running
very fast after the zebra. The lion is pursuing
the zebra.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 word floated around
Word 2 to get the best of

Word 1 word floated around
1. In English, the phrase word floated around 4. With your partner, make up a secret about an
is used to describe the way in which gossip imaginary person. Make sure that your idea
travels from one person to another. Say it with has nothing to do with anyone that you know.
me: word floated around. 5. Now take turns adding to your made-up
2. En español, word floated around quiere decir gossip. See how carried away you can get, and
“la noticia o el rumor corrió de boca en boca.” think about how gossip easily gets changed
Así se expresa la manera en que alguna noticia as it passes from one person to another. Talk
o rumor se transmite de una persona a otra. about how and why gossip gets passed along
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase word from person to person.
floated around. These two girls are sharing 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: word
a secret. Somehow other classmates learned floated around, word floated around, word
about their secret. As word floated around, floated around.
their secret became known to the whole class.
Word 2 to get the best of

1. In English, we use the phrase to get the best 4. With your partner, make a list of things that
of to tell what happens when something or could get the best of you. Include at least five
someone gains an advantage over someone. examples on your list. (Ask one or two pairs to
For example, if a bad headache gets the best share their lists.)
of you, it means that the pain is making it 5. With your partner, take turns describing a
impossible for you to do what you want to time when something got the best of you.
do. Say it with me: get the best of you.
2. En español, to get the best of quiere decir to get the best of, to get the best of, to get
“impedirte hacer nada más.” Por ejemplo, si the best of.
un dolor de cabeza te impide hacer nada más,
significa que el dolor te imposibilitó hacer lo
que de verdad querías hacer.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to get
the best of. The girl at the library appears to
be having difficulty finding the information
that she is looking for. You might say that the
assignment is getting the best of her.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 moment of weakness
Word 4 to wander around

Word 3 moment of weakness
1. In English, we use the phrase moment of 4. I am going to describe several different
weakness to describe what happens when situations. If the description reveals a moment
someone gives in to a desire. You might say of weakness, say, “I’m feeling weak.” If the
that in a moment of weakness you ordered description does not reveal a moment of
and then ate a double hot fudge sundae, even weakness, say, “I’m feeling strong.”
though you were on a diet. Say it with me: You plan to do all your homework after
moment of weakness. school, but when a friend calls, you end up
2. En español, moment of weakness quiere going to his house to play basketball instead.
decir “momento de debilidad.” Así se decide You plan to go to bed early, but when your
cuando alguien cede a algún deseo. Si estás sister tells you about a new television show,
a dieta, y aun así te comes un helado doble you change your mind and stay up late to
de chocolate, es posible que digas que fue un watch the show.
momento de debilidad.
After your mother does laundry, you decide to
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase moment help her fold the clothes and put them away.
of weakness. The boy had planned to eat a
turkey sandwich and fruit for lunch, but in a 5. Now share a moment of weakness with the
moment of weakness, he chose the slice of class. Describe a time when you gave in to a
pizza instead. desire even though you knew it was not the
right thing to do.
moment of weakness, moment of weakness,
moment of weakness.
Word 4 to wander around

1. In English, we use the phrase to wander 4. Take turns describing two places where you
around to describe what happens when you would like to wander around. You can talk
walk somewhere without knowing exactly about places that you have been to before or
where you are going. Say it with me: to places that you would like to travel to.
wander around. 5. Now tell your partner about an actual
2. En español, to wander around quiere decir “ir experience that you have had when you
a la deriva.” Así se dice para expresar lo que wandered around. Share some of the details
pasa cuando vas de un lugar a otro sin rumbo about what you saw and what you did while
fijo o sin saber exactamente adonde ir. wandering.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
wander around. The two people walking in wander around, to wander around, to wander
the rain may be tourists in a city that they are around.
visiting for the first time. They don’t know
where they are going, but they are enjoying
exploring the city. They are wandering around.
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Basic Words
Unit 2 Week 5
gourd, drought, reward,
The Magic Gourd
amazement, hardship, treasure
gourd drought reward
amazement hardship treasure
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 foreman
Unit 3 Week 1 Juan Verdades: The Man Who Couldn’t Tell a Lie
Word 2 employee
Key Vocabulary Word 1 foreman

1. One word in the selection is foreman. Say it the word foreman. Look at the man. He is
with me: foreman. A foreman is a person who the foreman for this construction job. He is
is in charge of supervising a job. Our school discussing a drawing of what the building will
district is building a new middle school. The look like when it is completed. He will make
foreman will make sure all of the workers are sure all of the construction is done correctly.
following safety rules and completing their 4. Do you think a foreman’s job is important?
jobs correctly. Why or why not? Talk about these questions
2. En español, foreman quiere decir “persona with your partner. Share your ideas with the
encargada de supervisar un trabajo, capataz.” class.
Un nuevo colegio está siendo construido. El 5. If you could be a foreman on any job, what
capataz se asegurará de que todos los obreros job would it be and why?
sigan las reglas de seguridad y completen su 6. Now let’s say foreman together three more
trabajo bien. times: foreman, foreman, foreman.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 employee

1. Another word in the selection is employee. word employee. I see a group of men and
Say it with me: employee. An employee is a women standing in a large warehouse. (Point
person who does a job for another person or to the men and women.) There are a lot of
business and gets paid money. Yesterday I boxes in this warehouse. The men and women
went grocery shopping. I could not find any are moving the boxes from one place to
eggs. An employee at the grocery store helped another. This is their job. The men and women
me find the eggs. are employees of this business.
2. En español, employee quiere decir “persona 5. Discuss with your partner how these
que trabaja para otra persona o negocio employees might work together on the job.
por un sueldo, empleado.” Ayer fui al Share your ideas with the class. (Examples
supermercado pero no encontraba los huevos. include: The men and women help each other
Le pregunté a un empleado del supermercado move the boxes. One person takes the boxes
si sabía donde estaban los huevos. off of the shelves. Another person tells them
where to put the boxes.)
3. Employee in English and empleado in Spanish
are cognates. They sound almost the same 6. Work with a partner to talk about all of the
and mean the same thing in both languages. places you might find employees. List your
ideas and share with the class.
7. Now let’s say employee together three more
times: employee, employee, employee.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 fulfill
Word 4 gloated
Key Vocabulary Word 3 fulfill

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you have made a promise to your
1. Another word in the selection is fulfill. Say it friend to help them with their homework.
with me: fulfill. To fulfill means “to perform, Do you think it is important to fulfill your
complete, or execute a task.” I have practiced promise? Why or why not? Use the word fulfill
all week for the track and field event. I hope I in your answer.
can fulfill my dream of winning. 5. Talk with your partner about a time you have
2. En español, to fulfill quiere decir “realizar, had to fulfill a promise. Tell your partner what
desempeñar, o completar una tarea o meta.” the promise was and how you were able to
Entrené toda la semana para la carrera. Espero accomplish the task.
que pueda realizar mi sueño de ganar. 6. Now let’s say fulfill together three more times:
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the fulfill, fulfill, fulfill.
word fulfill. Look at the girl. (Point to the girl.)
She is running a race. She is crossing the finish
line. I think she has won first place! She has
fulfilled her dream of winning.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 gloated

1. Another word in the selection is gloated. Say word gloated. Look at the football player.
it with me: gloated. When you have gloated, (Point to the football player.) The player
you have bragged or expressed a lot of has his hand in the air and is very happy.
satisfaction about your own achievements. He shows everyone how great he is. Now,
Our basketball team won the big game last look at all of the fans. They leaned over the
night. After the game, our star player walked rail and cheered for the player. I bet he just
around the court pointing to himself and his won the big game! He gloated about his
other teammates saying “We can’t be beat… achievemment.
Oh yeah! We’re the best!” He was gloating, or 4. Pretend you are a star football player. You
bragging, about their victory. have just scored the winning touchdown for
2. En español, to gloat quiere decir “complacerse the championship game. Show us how you
y expresar satisfacción por sus propios logros, gloated.
jactarse.” Nuestro equipo de baloncesto ganó 5. Work with a partner to take turns acting
anoche. Después del partido, nuestro mejor out how you have gloated about something
jugador empezó a cantar “No nos pueden before. Have your partner guess what you did
vencer…¡Somos los mejores!” Se estaba and why you gloated.
jactando de su victoria. 6. Now let’s say gloated together three more
times: gloated, gloated, gloated.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 flourish
Word 6 vigorously
Key Vocabulary Word 5 flourish

1. Another word in the selection is flourish. Say it word flourish. Look at the orange trees. (Point
with me: flourish. To flourish means “to thrive to the orange trees.) I see a lot of healthy
and grow.” I will plant roses in my garden oranges growing on the trees. The orange
this spring. To help my roses flourish, I water trees flourish with warm weather and lots of
them each day, make sure they get plenty of sunlight!
sunlight, and feed them special rose food. 4. Think back to a time when you were younger.
2. En español, to flourish quiere decir “crecer Discuss with your partner the different ways
y triunfar, prosperar.” Sembraré rosas en you have flourished. What made you flourish?
mi jardín en la primavera. Para ayudarlas Will you continue to flourish as you get older?
a prosperar, las regaré todos los días, me Why or why not?
aseguraré de que reciban suficiente sol y les 5. Imagine you get home from school today
daré comida especial para rosas. to find a new puppy waiting for you. What
things will you need to do to make sure the
puppy will flourish?
6. Now let’s say flourish together three more
times: flourish, flourish, flourish.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 vigorously

1. Another word in the selection is vigorously. the word vigorously. See the men. They are
Say it with me: vigorously. To do something rowing. (Point to the men rowing.) Look at
vigorously means to do it with a lot of the muscles in their arms! They are using a lot
strength, force, and energy. On field day, we of strength to move the boat. They have to
always have a tug-of-war. Our team will have vigorously move their arms and legs back and
to vigorously pull the rope if we want to win! forth to make the boat move.
2. En español, vigorously quiere decir “con 5. Let’s pretend there is a very large, heavy box
mucha fuerza y energía, vigorosamente.” El in the middle of our classroom. We need
arquero de nuestro equipo de fútbol defiende to move it all the way to the door. Let’s
vigorosamente su portería de los goles vigorously push it where it needs to go.
atentados por el otro equipo. 6. Show your partner something that would
3. Vigorously in English and vigorosamente in have to be done vigorously. Tell your partner
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost to guess what you are doing and why you are
the same and mean the same thing in both doing it vigorously.
languages. 7. Now let’s say vigorously together three more
times: vigorously, vigorously, vigorously.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 gleefully
Word 8 deny
Key Vocabulary Word 7 gleefully

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are at a birthday party. We
1. Another word in the selection is gleefully. Say are all very happy. Now, let’s gleefully jump
it with me: gleefully. When you do something up and down!
gleefully you do it happily and excitedly. When 5. Show your partner how to do something
our principal announced we would be taking gleefully. Explain to your partner why you do
a field trip, we gleefully jumped up and down! this gleefully.
2. En español, gleefully quiere decir “con dicha o 6. Now let’s say gleefully together three more
felicidad, felizmente.” Cuando nuestro rector times: gleefully, gleefully, gleefully.
anunció que tendríamos un paseo escolar,
saltamos y celebramos felizmente la noticia.
word gleefully. Look at the children. Look
at their smiles! They are so excited about
something that they are gleefully jumping
up and down. I wonder what is making them
so gleeful?
Key Vocabulary Word 8 deny

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 4. Discuss with your partner why the soccer
1. Another word in the selection is deny. Say player might deny that he deserves a penalty.
it with me: deny. To deny means to “say Share your ideas with the class. (Examples
something is not true.” My brother often include: He feels like he did nothing wrong.
teases me. If I tell my mother, he always He feels like he doesn’t deserve this penalty.)
will deny it! 5. Imagine you are the soccer player and your
2. En español, to deny quiere decir “decir que partner is the referee. Tell the referee why you
algo no es verdad, negar.” A mi hermanito deny the penalty. Use the word deny in your
le gusta molestarme a menudo. Si le digo a explanation. Trade roles.
mi mamá que me está molestando, siempre 6. Now let’s say deny together three more times:
lo niega. deny, deny, deny.
the word deny. I see a soccer player with his
arms out to the side and a very angry look on
his face. (Point to the soccer player.) I see a
referee giving the soccer player a red card,
which is a penalty for not playing fair. (Point
to the referee.) The soccer player does not
agree with the referee’s call. He denies that
he did anything to deserve this penalty!
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 absolutely
Word 2 to attract attention

Word 1 absolutely
1. In English, we use the word absolutely to 4. This picture illustrates the word absolutely. It
express something that is done completely, is absolutely certain that the sun will rise every
entirely, or positively. Say it with me: morning and set every evening.
absolutely. You might say that you are 5. With your partner, take turns making
absolutely sure that you brought your lunch statements that contain the word absolutely.
to school today. For example, you might begin by saying, “I
2. En español, absolutely quiere decir am absolutely sure that we will eat lunch at
“absolutamente.” Así se dice para expresar 12:30 P.M. today.” Each of you should think
que algo es o está completo, entero o total. of five different sentences that use the word
Si estás viendo tu sándwich, puedes decir que absolutely.
estás absolutamente seguro de que trajiste tu 6. Now write five sentences using the word
almuerzo a la escuela. absolutely. Take turns reading the sentences
3. Absolutely in English and absolutamente in aloud with your partner.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Repeat the word three times with me:
the same and mean the same thing in both absolutely, absolutely, absolutely.
languages.
Word 2 to attract attention

1. In English, we use the phrase to attract 5. I am going to name things that people might
attention to describe what people do when do. When I name something that people
they want to be noticed. Say it with me: to do to attract attention, say, “That gets my
attract attention. For example, my little sister attention.” When I describe something
likes to wear silly hats to attract attention. that does not attract attention, do not say
2. En español, to attract attention quiere decir anything.
“llamar la atención.” Así se dice para expresar The boy walks down the street while wearing
que alguien hace notar su presencia. Por green face paint and bright orange clothes.
ejemplo, a mi hermanita le gusta ponerse I go to the movies with a group of friends.
sombreros raros para llamar la atención. Jerry ate ten hot dogs at once in the school
3. To attract attention in English and atraer cafeteria.
atención in Spanish are cognates. They sound We visit our grandparents in a nursing home.
almost the same and mean the same thing in 6. Imagine that there is an issue at school that
both languages. you are concerned about. You want other kids
4. This picture demonstrates the phrase to and teachers to understand the problem. Tell
attract attention. These kids are dressed up in what you might do to attract attention to the
Halloween costumes. They have made up their issue or problem.
faces to appear scary. They want to attract 7. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
attention when they go out on Halloween attract attention, to attract attention, to
night. attract attention.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to hitch up
Word 4 spirits rose

Word 3 to hitch up
1. In English, we use the phrase to hitch up 4. With your partner, brainstorm things that
to describe the way in which a vehicle is might get hitched up. Think about trips
attached to a source of power, such as a horse that you have taken on the highway. Try to
or tractor. Say it with me: to hitch up. For remember some of the vehicles that were
example, a rancher might hitch up a horse pulling other things behind them.
trailer to a pickup truck in order to pull the 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing
trailer to the barn. that shows the phrase to hitch up. Write
2. En español, to hitch up quiere decir “jalar a sentence using the phrase to hitch up
o enganchar algo a una fuente de energía, to accompany your drawing.
como un caballo o un tractor, para moverlo.” 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
Por ejemplo, un granjero puede enganchar to hitch up, to hitch up, to hitch up.
un carretón a una camioneta para llevarlo
al granero.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to hitch up.
The wagon is hitched up to the horse.
Word 4 spirits rose

1. In English, we use the phrase spirits rose to 4. I am going to name some events. When I
express what happens when people feel very describe an event that would cause spirits to
happy. For example, when the candidate rise, raise your hands high. When I tell about
learned that she was winning the election, her something that does not describe spirits rising,
spirits rose. Say it with me: spirits rose. don’t say anything.
2. En español, spirits rose quiere decir “subir You found out that our school has been
el ánimo.” Así se dice para expresar lo que chosen as the city’s best middle school.
alguien siente en un momento dichoso. Por You read an announcement that the local
ejemplo, cuando el candidato se enteró de bowling alley is closing down for repairs.
que había ganado la elección, se le subió el You learned that your favorite band is
ánimo. performing at the civic center.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase spirits You realized that you got an A on a difficult
rose. These girls are excited because their math test.
teammate scored a goal. The girls had been 5. Describe a time when something wonderful
sad because they were losing the game, but happened to you. Use the phrase spirits rose
their spirits rose when their teammate scored as you tell about how you felt.
the goal that put them in the lead. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: spirits
rose, spirits rose, spirits rose.
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Basic Words
Unit 3 Week 1
grandfather, brother, sister,
Juan Verdades:
The Man Who Couldn’t Tell a Lie
wife, husband, father
grandfather brother sister
wife husband father
ROUTINE
149
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 sheepishly
Unit 3 Week 2 Rumpelstiltskin’s Daughter
Word 2 coincidences
Key Vocabulary Word 1 sheepishly

1. One word in the selection is sheepishly. Say it word sheepishly. Look at the expression on the
with me: sheepishly. Sheepishly means “in a face of the young girl. She looks like she feels
shy or timid way.” I was so nervous to speak shy or embarrassed. She is smiling sheepishly.
with the new principal. I sheepishly walked 4. Let’s all show what it looks like to smile
in her office, sat down, and waited for her sheepishly. What makes you smile this way?
to arrive. 5. Imagine you are walking into a new school for
2. En español, sheepishly quiere decir “hacer algo the very first time. Show your partner how you
con timidez o pena, tímidamente.” Cuando might behave sheepishly. Tell your partner
tuve que hablar con el rector me puse muy why you are behaving this way.
nervioso. Entré a su oficina tímidamente y 6. Now let’s say sheepishly together three more
esperé a que llegara. times: sheepishly, sheepishly, sheepishly.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 coincidences

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite. 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the
1. Another word in the selection is coincidences. word coincidences. I see a group of students
Say it with me: coincidences. Coincidences working on computers. (Point to the students.)
are events that seem to have been planned One of the girls is pointing at the boy’s
but are actually accidental. You will never computer screen. Look at the expression on
believe the coincidences that occurred when the boy’s face. (Point to the boy’s face.) They
I went shopping last week. One of my best must be playing the same game or working on
friends was at the same store buying the same the same exact thing without even planning
exact shoes, dress, and purse that I had just to do so. What a coincidence!
purchased. 5. Discuss with your partner why a person might
2. En español, coincidences quiere decir “eventos have a similar expression as the boy in the
que parecen planeados pero realmente photo when coincidences happen. Share your
son accidentales, coincidencias.” Fue una ideas with the class. (Examples include: They
coincidencia que me encontrara a mi amiga la can’t believe what has just happened. They
semana pasada en un almacén comprando los are so shocked because it seems something
mismos zapatos, el mismo vestido y el mismo like this would have to be planned.)
bolso que yo acababa de comprar. 6. Describe to your partner coincidences that
3. Coincidences in English and coincidencias have happened in your life. Use details to
in Spanish are cognates. They sound almost explain what happened and why these things
the same and mean the same thing in both were coincidences.
languages. 7. Now let’s say coincidences together three
more times: coincidences, coincidences,
coincidences.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 sumptuous
Word 4 sweeten
Key Vocabulary Word 3 sumptuous

1. Another word in the selection is sumptuous. the word sumptuous. Look at this impressive
Say it with me: sumptuous. When something dinner! This must be for an extravagant
is sumptuous it is extravagant, luxurious, or celebration. The turkey, rolls, and vegetables
grand. Each year on my birthday, my mom look sumptuous.
gives me a celebration. She cooks the finest 5. Imagine you are a guest at the dinner pictured
steak, vegetables, and homemade rolls. She in the photo. Explain why you think this meal
uses her best dishes to serve the food. The would be considered sumptuous.
meal is sumptuous! 6. Tell a partner about a sumptuous dinner you
2. En español, sumptuous quiere decir would like to prepare. Include the types of
“extravagante, lujoso o grandioso, suntuoso.” food and dishware that would be found at
Mi mamá hace una cena suntuosa para mi this dinner.
cumpleaños. Cocina la comida más deliciosa y 7. Now let’s say sumptuous together three more
sirve todo en su mejor vajilla. times: sumptuous, sumptuous, sumptuous.
3. Sumptuous in English and suntuoso in Spanish
Key Vocabulary Word 4 sweeten

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Discuss with your partner why someone might
1. Another word in the selection is sweeten. Say want to sweeten the bowl of cereal pictured
it with me: sweeten. To sweeten means to in the photo. (Examples include: They don’t
“make sweet or sweeter.” My sister doesn’t like the taste of the cereal by itself. The
particularly care for tea. She always adds raspberries make the cereal taste sweeter.)
sugar to sweeten the taste. 5. Work with a partner to take turns talking
2. En español, to sweeten quiere decir “hacer que about food or drinks you might want to
algo sepa más dulce, endulzar.” A mi hermana sweeten. What could you use to sweeten
no le gusta el té de a mucho. Siempre le these food and drinks?
agrega bastante azúcar para endulzarlo. 6. Now let’s say sweeten together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the times: sweeten, sweeten, sweeten.
word sweeten. Look at the bowl of cereal.
(Point to the bowl of cereal.) Now look at
the raspberries. (Point to the raspberries.)
Raspberries have a deliciously sweet flavor.
They are used to sweeten the cereal.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 phase
Word 6 devoted
Key Vocabulary Word 5 phase

1. Another word in the selection is phase. Say word phase. I see a caterpillar, cocoon, and
it with me: phase. A phase is “a very distinct butterfly in the picture. (Point to each item
stage of development.” One phase that occurs as you name it.) There are three phases that
as a tadpole changes to a frog is the tadpole must occur before a caterpillar turns into a
grows back legs. butterfly. First, the caterpillar builds a cocoon.
Second, the caterpillar stays in the cocoon.
2. En español, phase quiere decir “etapa
Third, the caterpillar comes out of the cocoon
particular del crecimiento, fase.” Una fase
as a beautiful butterfly!
del crecimiento de renacuajo a rana es el
desarrollo de piernas traseras. 5. Think about a new baby that has just been
born. Do babies start walking right away?
3. Phase in English and fase in Spanish are
Discuss with your partner phases babies go
through before they begin walking.
6. Talk about how the moon looks different in
the night sky at different times of the month.
Discuss the shape and why it might not always
look the same. Use the different shapes to
describe the phases of the moon.
7. Now let’s say phase together three more
times: phase, phase, phase.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 devoted

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. Discuss how you know that teachers are
1. Another word in the selection is devoted. Say devoted to helping their students. (Examples
it with me: devoted. Devoted means “loyal include: Teachers teach their students and
and dedicated.” I am devoted to teaching all encourage them to do good work.
of my students as much as possible. 6. Work with your partner to make a list of the
2. En español, devoted quiere decir “leal y ways you might show your family members
dedicado a alguna causa, devoto.” Soy devoto you are devoted to them. Share your ideas
de la enseñanza. Me dedico a enseñarle a mis with the class.
estudiantes todo lo posible. 7. Now let’s say devoted together three more
3. Devoted in English and devoto in Spanish are times: devoted, devoted, devoted.
word devoted. Look at the family. The baby is
learning how to walk. The mother and father
are there watching and helping. They are
devoted to helping the baby take his first
few steps.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 hobbled
Word 8 prospered
Key Vocabulary Word 7 hobbled

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we have twisted our ankles.
1. Another word in the selection is hobbled. Say Now, let’s pretend we hobbled to the
it with me: hobbled. Hobbled means “walked nurse’s office.
with a limp.” One of the boys twisted his 5. With your partner, take turns hobbling around
ankle playing soccer at gym class. He could the classroom. Help your injured partner walk.
not walk very well with his hurt ankle. He Then trade roles.
hobbled to the nurse’s office. 6. Now let’s say hobbled together three more
2. En español, to hobble quiere decir “caminar times: hobbled, hobbled, hobbled.
con dificultad y apoyando más en un pie,
cojear.” Uno de los niños se torció el tobillo en
educación física. Cojeó hasta la enfermería.
the word hobbled. Look at the man and the
woman. They are walking. The woman has a
cane and is holding on to the man’s arm. She
is not walking in a normal way. She hobbled
down the path.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 prospered

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 5. Discuss with your partner what you think
1. Another word in the selection is prospered. made the fruits in the picture prosper.
Say it with me: prospered. If something has (Examples include: Lots of warm weather, rain,
prospered this means it has been successful and sunlight. The farmer watered the plants
and done well. The spring was very warm and took good care of them when they were
and we got plenty of rain. The farmer’s crops growing.)
prospered because of the perfect weather. 6. Work with your partner to use the word
2. En español, to prosper quiere decir “tener prospered in a sentence. Use the sentence
éxito, irle bien, prosperar.” Como llovió mucho frame: The crops prospered because
en la primavera, las cosechas del granjero .
prosperaron. 7. Now let’s say prospered together three more
3. To prosper in English and prosperar in Spanish times: prospered, prospered, prospered.
word prospered. Look at all the fruit. There
are so many ripe, delicious fruits to eat. The
fruits prospered, which is why there are so
many fruits on display.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 have a weakness for
Word 2 for effect

Word 1 have a weakness for
1. In English, the phrase have a weakness for 4. With your partner, share something that you
is used to describe the way someone likes have a weakness for. Then make a list of other
something a lot. You might have a weakness things that people might have a weakness for.
for chocolate or a weakness for red sweaters. When you finish, share your list with the class.
Say it with me: have a weakness for. 5. Complete these sentences with your partner.
2. En español, to have a weakness for quiere Then share your completed sentences with
decir “tener una debilidad o un enorme gusto another pair.
por algo.” Es posible que tu debilidad sean los My brother has a weakness for
chocolates o los suéteres rojos. so he .
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase have My dog has a weakness for so
a weakness for. This girl has a weakness for she .
peanut butter. You can tell because she is
licking her lips as she carefully spreads the My friend has a weakness for
peanut butter on the bread. She must really so she .
love peanut butter. I have a weakness for so I
.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: have
a weakness for, have a weakness for, have a
weakness for.
Word 2 for effect

1. In English, we use the phrase for effect 4. I am going to name some things that people
to describe what people do to make an do. When I name something that is done for
impression. For example, you might say that a effect, say “That’s for effect.” When I describe
storyteller uses puppets for effect. Say it with something that is not done for effect, don’t
me: for effect. say anything.
2. En español, for effect quiere decir “por su Put twinkling lights all around your house.
efecto.” Así se dice para expresar lo que Bundle up in a hat and coat on a cold winter
alguien para causar una impresión en otras day.
personas. Por ejemplo, algunos narradores Decorate your bike with stickers and ribbons.
usan títeres por su efecto en los niños. Put makeup on your baby sister.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase for Place your summer clothes in a trunk during
effect. Someone has placed the big glasses on the winter months.
the little dog for effect. The effect is to make 5. Imagine that you want to make people smile
people laugh, because the dog looks silly. or laugh. Tell what you might do for effect.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: for
effect, for effect, for effect.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to turn purple
Word 4 to proceed to
Word 3 to turn purple
1. In English, we use the phrase to turn purple to 4. With your partner, list at least three things
describe the way people look when they are that might make you turn purple, or get
angry. Say it with me: to turn purple. angry. Share your list with the class.
2. En español, to turn purple quiere decir 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
“ponerse morado.” Así se dice para expresar illustrates the phrase to turn purple. Write a
que una persona se ha enfurecido de verdad. sentence using the phrase to turn purple to
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to turn accompany your drawing.
purple. The woman is so angry that her eyes 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
are popping and she is plugging up her ears. If turn purple, to turn purple, to turn purple.
I saw her, I would say it looks like she is going
to turn purple with anger.
Word 4 to proceed to
1. In English, the phrase to proceed to means to 4. Help me finish these sentences:
move on to the next thing. For example, after After we win this game, we will proceed to
you finish art class, you will proceed to the .
gym. Say it with me: to proceed to.
After we clear some land for a garden, we will
2. En español, to proceed to quiere decir proceed to .
“proseguir con.” Así se dice para expresar que
algo o alguien pasa de una cosa a otra. Por Once I finish painting the bedroom, I will
ejemplo, al terminar tu clase de arte, puedes proceed to .
proseguir con tu clase de deportes. 5. Imagine you have just completed your first
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to marathon. You trained hard and finished the
proceed to. The boy and girl are serving race. What might you proceed to next? (Call
food for dinner. Once they put the food on on a few students to respond.)
the table and everyone sits down, they will 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
proceed to eat the meal. proceed to, to proceed to, to proceed to.
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Basic Words
Unit 3 Week 2
countryside, moat, cottage,
Rumpelstiltskin’s Daughter
villagers, straw, blacksmith
countryside moat cottage
villagers straw blacksmith
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 bewildering
Word 2 moderate
Key Vocabulary Word 1 bewildering

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Tell your partner about a time you did
1. One word in the selection is bewildering. Say something that was bewildering. Describe
it with me: bewildering. When something is what it was you were trying to do and why
bewildering it is confusing or puzzling. We you found it bewildering. Share your ideas
started working on our new math assignments with the class.
today. Many of you told me that the problems 5. Imagine you have a friend that finds a school
were bewildering. They’re very hard to assignment bewildering. What would you do
understand. to help your friend? (I would tutor my friend;
2. En español, bewildering quiere decir “confuso, I would find someone who understands the
enredado, asombrante.” Muchos estudiantes assignment to help my friend; I would ask the
me dijeron que la nueva tarea de matemáticas teacher for help.)
es confusa. Los problemas son difíciles de 6. Now let’s say bewildering together three more
entender. times: bewildering, bewildering, bewildering.
the word bewildering. Look at the lady.
She is talking on the phone. Now look at
the expression on her face. She looks very
confused. She must have heard something
bewildering!
Key Vocabulary Word 2 moderate

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Discuss with your partner why a person might
1. Another word in the selection is moderate. be happy to find items for sale at a moderate
Say it with me: moderate. When something price. (Moderate prices help people save
is moderate it is reasonable and not extreme. money. People can buy more items when the
The weather this summer was not too hot. In prices are moderate.)
fact it was very moderate and pleasant. 6. Talk about the season that is happening right
2. En español, moderate quiere decir “razonable, now. Discuss moderate weather you would
no extremo, moderado.” El clima este verano no find during this season.
fue muy caliente. Fue moderado y agradable. 7. Now let’s say moderate together three more
3. Moderate in English and moderado in Spanish times: moderate, moderate, moderate.
the word moderate. I see racks of items and
a “Sale” sign. This is a clothing store. The
clothes in this store do not cost too much
or too little. All the clothes are moderate in
price.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 hamper
Word 4 prohibit
Key Vocabulary Word 3 hamper

1. One word in the selection is hamper. Say word hamper. Look at this little dog. Its owner
it with me: hamper. To hamper means “to put a harness and leash around the body
prevent something from moving freely.” I of the dog. This will hamper the dog from
have to take my cat to the veterinarian today. running away.
I will have to put her in a cat crate. This will 4. Imagine you are the owner of this little
hamper her movement around the car. dog. Why might you want to hamper its
2. En español, hamper quiere decir “prevenir que movement? (I would want to keep the dog
algo se mueva libremente, impedir.” Como safe from traffic. I would not want the dog to
tengo que llevara mi gato al veterinario hoy, run away and get lost.)
lo pondré en un porta gato para impedir que 5. Tell a partner about a time you might need to
se mueva mucho en el carro. hamper the movement of an animal. Explain
how you would hamper the animal and why
you would need to do this.
6. Now let’s say hamper together three more
times: hamper, hamper, hamper.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 prohibit

1. Another word in the selection is prohibit. word prohibit. Look at the police officers.
Say it with me: prohibit. To prohibit means They are carrying protective shields. They
“to forbid or ban someone from doing do not want anyone going past them. They
something.” My mother and father prohibit prohibit anyone from passing.
me from watching TV before my homework 5. Discuss with your partner what might be
is complete. causing the police officers to prohibit anyone
2. En español, to prohibit quiere decir “no from going past them. (Examples include:
permitir o impedir que alguien haga algo, There is an important event. There is trouble
prohibir.” Mis padres me prohibieron ver and no one can go past them.)
televisión antes de terminar todas mis tareas. 6. Work with a partner to use prohibit in a
3. To prohibit in English and prohibir in Spanish sentence. Use this sentence frame: The police
are cognates. They sound almost the same officers prohibit the people from moving
and mean the same thing in both languages. because .
7. Now let’s say prohibit together three more
times: prohibit, prohibit, prohibit.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 accessible
Key Vocabulary Word 5 accessible

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 5. Think about the different parts of our school.
1. Another word in the selection is accessible. Imagine you are in a wheelchair. Would all
Say it with me: accessible. When something is areas of the school be easily accessible for
accessible, it is easy to get to. Our city library you? Why or why not?
is easily accessible to all the citizens of our 6. Talk about the areas in our school that are
community. not accessible. What can we do as a school
2. En español, accessible quiere decir “fácil de to make them more accessible for people in
alcanzar o conseguir, accesible.” La biblioteca wheelchairs?
pública de nuestra ciudad es accesible a todas 7. Now let’s say accessible together three more
las personas que viven aquí. times: accessible, accessible, accessible.
3. Accessible in English and accesible in Spanish
word accessible. I see a man in a wheelchair.
He is trying to get on the bus. The bus driver
lowers a ramp so he can get on the bus. This
helps make public transportation accessible
for the man.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to capture the spirit
Word 2 tough enough

Word 1 to capture the spirit
1. In English, we use the phrase to capture 4. With your partner, think of an activity that
the spirit to describe the way a feeling of you love to do. Decide how you could capture
excitement is expressed. Say it with me: to the spirit of the activity with a phrase or an
capture the spirit. illustration.
2. En español, to capture the spirit quiere decir 5. Now work together to plan a poster that
“capturar un sentimiento.” Así se dice cuando captures the spirit of one of the activities
un sentimiento es expresudo. that you discussed. Think about the strongest
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to image that expresses your feelings about the
capture the spirit. The girls jump to express activity.
their feeling of excitement about the game 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
they are about to play. This photo captures to capture the spirit, to capture the spirit,
the spirit of the soccer team. It expresses how to capture the spirit.
excited the girls feel about their game.
Word 2 tough enough

1. In English, we use the phrase tough enough to 4. I am going to name some things that
describe someone who is able to take on a risk people do. When I describe something that
or challenge. For example, my brother is tough requires people to be tough enough to face a
enough to run a half-marathon. challenge, say “tough enough.” When I name
2. En español, tough enough quiere decir “listo something that is not a challenge, don’t say
para enfrentar un riesgo o desafío.” Por anything.
ejemplo, mi hermano está listo para correr un climb to the top of Mt. Everest
medio maratón. eat an entire box of cookies
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase tough clean up your room
enough. The boy is doing a difficult stunt on sing a song in front of the entire school
his skateboard. He is tough enough to learn play in three basketball games in one day
difficult tricks. Sometimes he falls when he’s 5. Think about someone you know or have read
learning a new trick, but he is tough enough about who is brave. Describe how you know
to get back on his skateboard and try again. that he or she is tough enough to take on new
challenges.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: tough
enough, tough enough, tough enough.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 in her shoes
Word 4 to open a pocketbook

Word 3 in her shoes
1. In English, we use the phrase in her shoes to 4. With your partner, take turns making up
describe how it would feel to be in someone sentences using the phrase in her (or his, your,
else’s situation. You could say, “If I were in their) shoes. Think about people who do
her shoes, I would try hard to get along with challenging things and imagine what it would
my older brother.” Say it with me: in her shoes. be like to do what they do.
2. En español, in her shoes quiere decir “ponerse 5. (Write this list on the board: a skydiver, a fire
en los zapatos de alguien.” Así se dice para fighter, a cave explorer, a scuba diver, a stunt
expresar lo que alguien haría o sentiría si pilot.) Choose one of the characters listed.
estuviera en la situación de otra persona. Si Draw a picture showing your character in a
estuviera en tus zapatos, haría todo lo posible challenging situation. At the bottom of your
para llevarme bien con mi hermano mayor. picture, complete this sentence: If I were in
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase in her his/her shoes, I would .
shoes. The woman is rock climbing. If I were 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: in her
in her shoes, I would probably take every step shoes, in her shoes, in her shoes.
very carefully. I would be proud of myself
when I reached the top.
Word 4 to open a pocketbook

1. In English, we use the phrase to open a 4. I am going to name some actions. When I
pocketbook to express what people do when describe an action that is an example of the
they give money to help others. For example, phrase to open a pocketbook, open your
when you give money to a local animal palms. For examples that do not illustrate the
shelter, you open your pocketbook to help phrase, keep your hands closed.
homeless animals. Say it with me: to open You go shopping for a new winter jacket.
a pocketbook. You make a donation to your local community
2. En español, to open a pocketbook quiere decir center.
“abrir la cartera para ayudar a alguien.” Por You buy your mother a birthday present.
ejemplo, si donas dinero a un refugio local de You give money to your favorite presidential
animales, abres la cartera para ayudar a los candidate.
animales abandonados de tu localidad. You spend your allowance on a bag of candy.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to open 5. Imagine that you want to open your
a pocketbook. This boy got some money pocketbook to a group that needs help.
from his parents. They have opened their Tell what group you would give money
pocketbook to give money to others who to and why.
need help. The boy puts the money in the 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
collection pail. to open a pocketbook, to open a pocketbook,
to open a pocketbook.
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Basic Words laundry, detergent, hydrant, laundromat,
Unit 3 Week 3
Saving Grace washing machine, water-treatment plant
laundry detergent hydrant
water-treatment
laundromat washing machine plant
ROUTINE
175
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 participate
Unit 3 Week 4 Ta-Na-E-Ka
Word 2 ordeals
Key Vocabulary Word 1 participate

1. One word in the selection is participate. Say word participate. Look at the students. They
it with me: participate. When you participate are in their classroom. Their teacher has asked
in something this means you take part a question. All the students raise their hands
in an activity. Our school is working on a because they want to participate.
community recycling program. Our class will 5. Tell your partner activities you like to
participate by recycling paper and plastic. participate in. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, to participate quiere decir “tomar I like to participate in ,
parte en una actividad, participar.” Nuestro , and . Then
colegio tiene una campaña para reciclar. explain why you like these activities.
Nuestra clase participará reciclando papel 6. Imagine you have a friend that doesn’t want
y plástico. to participate in a school activity. How would
3. To participate in English and participar in you convince them to participate?
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say participate together three more
the same and mean the same thing in both times: participate, participate, participate.
languages.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 ordeals

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you faced ordeals like the young
1. Another word in the selection is ordeals. boy in the picture. How would you feel?
Say it with me: ordeals. Ordeals are difficult What would help you make it through these
experiences. Yesterday on my way to school ordeals?
my car had a flat tire and it ran out of gas. 5. Pretend you have a friend over to play. It is
These ordeals really made for a difficult day! time for your friend to leave and he notices
2. En español, ordeals quiere decir “experiencias that his bike has two flat tires! What could
difíciles.” Ayer mientras manejaba al colegio you do to help him through this ordeal?
se le pinchó una llanta y se le acabó la 6. Now let’s say ordeals together three more
gasolina al carro. Estas experiencias difíciles times: ordeals, ordeals, ordeals.
me arruinaron el día.
word ordeals. I see a young boy. It looks like
he is at the hospital. The doctors are putting a
cast on his leg. Maybe he broke his leg riding
his bike. Breaking his leg, getting a cast, and
going to the hospital are all ordeals for the
young boy.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 nourishing
Word 4 encounter
Key Vocabulary Word 3 nourishing

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to talk about all
1. Another word in the selection is nourishing. the nourishing foods you should eat to stay
Say it with me: nourishing. Something that healthy. Make a list and share it with the class.
is nourishing is nutritious and healthy. The 5. Pretend you have a friend who only likes to
school cafeteria serves nourishing food such eat hamburgers, chips, and chocolate. Talk
as apples, carrots, chicken, and salad. with your partner to decide how you could
2. En español, nourishing quiere decir convince your friend to eat nourishing foods.
“alimenticio y saludable, nutritivo.” La 6. Now let’s say nourishing together three more
cafetería sirve comida nutritiva como times: nourishing, nourishing, nourishing.
manzanas, zanahorias, pollo y ensalada.
word nourishing. Look at the kids. They are
eating lunch. I see many nourishing foods
such as vegetables and sandwiches.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 encounter

1. Another word in the selection is encounter. word encounter. Look at the two boys. They
Say it with me: encounter. An encounter is a are in their karate uniforms and their heads
meeting with a person. When my family went are touching. They are having an encounter.
on vacation last summer, I had an encounter 5. Tell your partner about a time you have had
at the amusement park with a friend from an encounter. Describe who you saw on your
my childhood. encounter and where the encounter
2. En español, encounter quiere decir “reunión took place.
con una persona, encuentro.” En nuestras 6. Imagine you could have an encounter with
vacaciones el verano pasado tuve un encuentro any person in the world. Tell your partner who
en un parque de atracciones con un viejo it would be and explain what you would like
amigo. to happen during the encounter.
3. Encounter in English and encuentro in Spanish 7. Now let’s say encounter together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: encounter, encounter, encounter.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 grimaced
Word 6 anticipated
Key Vocabulary Word 5 grimaced

1. Another word in the selection is grimaced. word grimaced. I see a little boy with a frown
Say it with me: grimaced. When you have on his face. I wonder what made him upset or
grimaced you have frowned or made a scowl. mad and caused him to grimace?
When I broke my favorite coffee cup, I 4. Let’s pretend we are very mad. Show me how
grimaced. you would look. You just grimaced.
2. En español, to grimace quiere decir “hacer 5. Work with your partner to use the word
mala cara como cuando frunces el ceño.” Hize grimaced in a sentence. Use the sentence
mala cara cuando se me partió mi taza de café frame: I grimaced because .
preferida. 6. Now let’s say grimaced together three more
times: grimaced, grimaced, grimaced.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 anticipated

1. Another word in the selection is anticipated. the word anticipated. Look at the girl in the
Say it with me: anticipated. When you have picture. (Point to the girl.) She is a goalie for
anticipated something you have been ready her soccer team. There is another player trying
or expected a certain thing to happen. I to kick the ball in the goal. The goalie put her
anticipated that it was going to rain. So, I took hands out because she anticipated the player
my raincoat and umbrella to keep me dry. was going to kick the ball. She expected this
to happen. The goalie needs to stop the ball
2. En español, to anticipate quiere decir
from going in the goal.
“predecir o esperar que algo ocurra,
anticiparse a algo.” Me anticipé a que iba a 5. Discuss how you know the girl in the picture
llover y llevé mi paraguas. anticipated the ball was going to be kicked to
her goal. (Examples include: The girl’s hands
3. To anticipate in English and anticipar in Spanish
are out. She is looking right at the ball. She is
are cognates. They sound almost the same and
ready to stop the ball from going in the goal.)
6. Work with your partner to discuss a time you
have anticipated something was going to
happen. Describe what you anticipated and
how you knew it was going to happen.
7. Now let’s say anticipated together three more
times: anticipated, anticipated, anticipated.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 dejectedly
Word 8 victorious
Key Vocabulary Word 7 dejectedly

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are the white team and have
1. Another word in the selection is dejectedly. just lost the game. Let’s dejectedly sit down
Say it with me: dejectedly. When you act on the side of the field. How do you feel? Why
dejectedly, you do things in a sad or unhappy did you sit down this way? How does your
way. The school soccer team lost the big face look? How does your body look?
game. All of the players dejectedly walked off 5. Now show me some other ways you might act
of the field. dejectedly. What event made you react
2. En español, dejectedly quiere decir this way?
“actuar de una manera triste y sin ánimo, 6. Now let’s say dejectedly together three more
desalentadamente.” El equipo de fútbol times: dejectedly, dejectedly, dejectedly.
perdió un partido importante. Los jugadores
salieron de la cancha desalentadamente.
word dejectedly. Look at the team members
in the white shirts. They look very sad. Now,
look at the team members in the green shirts.
They are holding a trophy and are celebrating
a victory. The white team dejectedly sits down
because they have lost the game.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 victorious

1. Another word in the selection is victorious. the word victorious. The athlete is holding
Say it with me: victorious. Victorious up a gold medal. She was victorious in the
means “having won or succeeded.” When competition.
you are victorious, you are a winner. The 5. Imagine you are this athlete. How would you
baseball team practiced every day for the feel if you were victorious and won the gold
championship game. Their hard work paid medal?
off. The team was victorious! 6. Describe a time you have been victorious.
2. En español, victorious quiere decir “ganador Use this sentence frame: I was victorious
o exitoso, victorioso.” Nuestro equipo de .
baloncesto practicó todos los días antes 7. Now let’s say victorious together three more
del campeonato y se notó: ¡nuestro equipo times: victorious, victorious, victorious.
terminó victorioso!
3. Victorious in English and victorioso in Spanish
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to undergo a test
Word 2 lost-and-found
Word 1 to undergo a test
1. In English, we use the phrase to undergo a 4. I am going to name some situations. If
test to tell about someone taking a test or the situation is an example of a person
challenge of some kind. For example, a person undergoing a test, say “undergo a test.”
may undergo a medical test to identify a If it is not, say nothing.
cause of an illness, or a class may undergo a My brother is taking his driver’s exam to get
spelling test to see if they have learned their his driver’s license.
spelling words. Say it with me: to undergo My mom is unloading the groceries from
a test. the car.
2. En español, to undergo a test quiere decir When I go to the eye doctor today, I will read
“someterse a un examen.” Por ejemplo, una the eye chart.
persona puede someterse a un examen médico My dad is getting his annual physical
para identificar la causa de una enfermedad, examination today at the health clinic.
o una clase puede someterse a un examen de 5. Now imagine you want to be accepted into an
ortografía para saber si todos los estudiantes astronaut training program. What tests might
han aprendido las palabras del vocabulario. you undergo in order to be accepted into the
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to undergo program? (Call on a few students to respond.)
a test. The woman lying down is about to 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
undergo a medical test. The test provides undergo a test, to undergo a test, to undergo
doctors with pictures of the inside of her a test.
body. By conducting the test, doctors will gain
a better understanding of her problem.
Word 2 lost-and-found
1. In English, the phrase lost-and-found is used 4. I am going to name some things that I found
to describe a place where people put things around our school. When I name something
that have been left behind. Most schools have that I should take to the lost-and-found, say
a lost-and-found, where sweaters, books, “lost-and-found.” When I name something
lunchboxes, and hats are tossed. Students who that does not belong in the lost-and-found,
have misplaced an item can look for it in the say “throw it away.”
lost-and-found. an opened pack of gum
2. En español, lost-and-found quiere decir a notebook with a student’s name on the front
“un lugar donde la gente deja y busca cosas a mitten
extraviadas.” La mayoría de las escuelas tiene a ticket stub from a recent concert
un área donde los estudiantes dejan suéteres, 5. Imagine that you are the school janitor. Tell
libros, plumas y gorros extraviados. Otros how you decide whether to take something to
estudiantes buscan estos objetos allí. the lost-and-found or to throw it out.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase lost-and- 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: lost-
found. The cubbies are filled with things. and-found, lost-and-found, lost-and-found.
When students realize that they are missing
something, they can look for it in the lost-and-
found. If a student finds an item someone has
misplaced, he or she can take it to the lost-
and-found so its owner can find it.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to be dumbfounded
Word 4 to draw closer

Word 3 to be dumbfounded
1. In English, we use the phrase to be 4. With your partner, take turns completing the
dumbfounded to describe a sudden following sentence: I would be dumbfounded
feeling of confusion. Say it with me: to be if I found out that . (Ask one
dumbfounded. or two pairs to share their sentences.)
2. En español, to be dumbfounded quiere decir 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
“quedarse aturdido o atontado.” Así se dice illustrates the phrase to be dumbfounded.
cuando alguien está confundido y no puede Write a sentence using the phrase to be
pensar ni hablar correctamente. dumbfounded to accompany your drawing.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to be 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
dumbfounded. The girl’s face shows that she be dumbfounded, to be dumbfounded, to be
is feeling surprised and confused by what she dumbfounded.
has just heard. She can’t believe the news—
she is dumbfounded!
Word 4 to draw closer

1. In English, we use the phrase to draw closer 4. I am going to describe several scenes. Raise
to describe what happens when something your hand if I am giving an example of the
approaches its destination. Say it with me: to phrase to draw closer. If I am not giving an
draw closer. For example, if I am cold I will example of drawing closer, do not raise
draw closer to the fire. your hand.
2. En español, to draw closer quiere decir As you sit in the cafeteria, your best friend is
“aproximarse a un destino u objetivo walking toward you.
determinado.” Por ejemplo, si tengo frío, While watching a parade, a group of clowns
me aproximo a la fogata o la chimenea para walks away from you.
calentarme. At the train station, you watch the train arrive
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to draw at your stop.
closer. The space shuttle is drawing closer to You see a plane soaring high in the sky above
the runway as it gets ready to land. your house.
5. Imagine that you want your dog or cat to
draw closer to you. Tell me how you would
get the pet to come to you. Be sure to use
the phrase to draw closer in your explanation.
(Call on a few students to respond.)
draw closer, to draw closer, to draw closer.
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Basic Words
Unit 3 Week 4
moccasin, ritual, heritage,
Ta-Na-E-Ka
ceremony, endurance, hospitality
moccasin ritual heritage
ceremony endurance hospitality
ROUTINE
189
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 instinctively
Unit 3 Week 5 Honus and Me
Word 2 decrease
Key Vocabulary Word 1 instinctively

1. One word in the selection is instinctively. Say word instinctively. Look at the mama duck.
it with me: instinctively. Instinctively means (Point to the mama duck.) Now look at the
“naturally or without even thinking about it.” baby ducks. (Point to the baby ducks.) The
We were playing outside at recess today. We baby ducks instinctively follow their mama
all lined up instinctively when we heard the duck around.
whistle blow. 5. Talk to your partner about things you do
2. En español, instictively quiere decir “hacer instinctively at school. Make a list and share
algo naturalmente, sin tener que pensarlo, your ideas with the class.
como por instinto, instintivamente.” 6. Work with your partner to use the word
Estabamos jugando a la hora de recreo hasta instinctively in a sentence. Use this sentence
que sonó el timbre. Nos pusimos en fila frame: I instinctively .
instintivamente apenas sonó. 7. Now let’s say instinctively together three more
3. Instinctively in English and instintivamente in times: instinctively, instinctively, instinctively.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost the same
Key Vocabulary Word 2 decrease

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 3. Now, let’s look at a picture that illustrates
1. Another word in the selection is decrease. the word decrease. Look at the crabs. There
Say it with me: decrease. To decrease means is a big crab on the left. (Point to the largest
“to reduce in number or size.” (Place 3 books crab.) The size of each crab in the picture gets
of varying sizes on a table. Put the books in smaller. The sizes of the crabs decrease.
order by size.) There are 3 books on the table. 4. Work with your partner to use the word
Each of the books is a different size. The first decrease to talk about the crabs in the
book is the largest. The next book is smaller. picture. How do you know the sizes of the
The last book is the smallest. The sizes of the crabs decrease?
books decreases. 5. Work with your partner to locate other
2. En español, decrease quiere decir “reducir objects of different sizes in the classroom.
o bajar en cantidad o tamaño, disminuir.” Show how they decrease in size.
(Coloque tres libros de distintos tamaños 6. Now let’s say decrease together three more
sobre la mesa ordenados de más grande a times: decrease, decrease, decrease.
más pequeño.) Hay tres libros en la mesa. El
primero es el más grande. El de la mitad es
un poco más pequeño. El último es el más
pequeño. El tamaño de los libros disminuye.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 swiveled
Word 4 shakily
Key Vocabulary Word 3 swiveled

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s show what it is like to swivel. Look at the
1. Another word in the selection is swiveled. front of the classroom. Now, keep your legs
Say it with me: swiveled. Something that has and body facing forward. Then turn your head
swiveled has turned or rotated. Watch me as I to the side. Your head swiveled.
turn my head. My legs and body stayed facing 5. Now let’s sit down in our chairs. Turn your
forward. My head swiveled. head to the side. What did your head do? (My
2. En español, to swivel quiere decir “dar vueltas, head swiveled.)
girar.” Mírenme mientras muevo mi cabeza. 6. Now let’s say swiveled together three more
Mis piernas y cuerpo se mantienen hacia times: swiveled, swiveled, swiveled.
adelante. Sólo mi cabeza giró.
word swiveled. Look at the girl. She is sitting
in a swivel chair. It’s the kind of chair that can
turn all the way aound. The girl first swiveled
around in the chair. Now her body is facing
forward but she has swiveled her head to
the side.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 shakily

1. Another word in the selection is shakily. Say word shakily. Look at the man. He is eating
it with me: shakily. Shakily means “when a piece of strawberry cake. His hand moves
something trembles, quivers, or moves in an shakily as he tries to put the cake in his
unsteady manner.” My niece was so excited at mouth. His hand is so unsteady that the cake
her birthday party that she was trembling. She drops on his tie!
was trying to eat her birthday cake. Her hand 4. Tell your partner about a time that you or
moved shakily and she dropped her whole something you own has moved shakily. What
piece of cake! caused the shaky movement? Share your
2. En español, shakily quiere decir “de una examples with the class.
manera inestable, tambaleante o insegura; 5. Imagine you saw a large box on my bookshelf
temblorosamente.” Mi sobrina estaba tan moving shakily. What would you do? What
nerviosa el día de su cumpleños que temblaba. might cause this?
Cuando trató de comer su pastel su mano se 6. Now let’s say shakily together three more
movía temblorosamente y se le cayó su pastel. times: shakily, shakily, shakily.
194
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 dilapidated
Word 6 auction
Key Vocabulary Word 5 dilapidated

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Discuss with your partner what might need
1. Another word in the selection is dilapidated. to be done with the dilapidated barn in the
Say it with me: dilapidated. When something picture.
is dilapidated it is falling apart and rundown. 5. Work with your partner to discuss dilapidated
Some of the playground equipment at the things you have seen before. Tell your partner
park is falling apart. The swings and slide are what dilapidated things you have seen, where
old and dilapidated. They need to be replaced. you have seen them, and why you consider
2. En español, dilapidated quiere decir “dañado them dilapidated.
y sin reparo, deteriorado.” Algunos de los 6. Now let’s say dilapidated together three more
juegos en el parque se están desbaratando. times: dilapidated, dilapidated, dilapidated.
Los columpios y el deslizadero están viejos y
deteriorados. Necesitan ser remplazados.
word dilapidated. Look at this old barn. The
pieces of wood are falling off of the building.
There are holes in the barn. It is really falling
apart. The barn is dilapidated.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 auction

1. Another word in the selection is auction. Say word auction. Look at the picture. There are
it with me: auction. An auction is a public sale a lot of items in this picture. The man is in
where items are sold to the person promising charge of the auction to sell all of these items.
to pay the most amount of money. I went 4. Imagine you were going to this auction.
to the auction with my uncle. There was a Discuss the items you would like to buy at
beautiful lamp I really wanted. I won the the auction. Use this sentence frame: I would
lamp at the auction for $64. I offered the buy , , and
highest price for it. at the auction.
2. En español, auction quiere decir “una venta 5. Work with your partner to plan an auction.
pública en la que la persona que ofrece más Name the items you would sell at your auction.
dinero por algo gana, subasta.” Había una 6. Now let’s say auction together three more
lámpara que quería en la subasta a la que fui times: auction, auction, auction.
con mi tío. Gané la lámpara por $64. Yo ofrecí
más por ella que cualquier otra persona en la
subasta.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 decades
1990 1998 2003 2011

Mom and I was born. I started My brother
Dad moved to kindergarten. Carlos went
Los Angeles, away to college
California.
1985 1993 2000 2009
Mom and Dad My older brother My family bought We bought our
got married. Carlos was born. a new house in first pet, a beagle
Fresno, California. named Sparky.
Word 8 rafters
Key Vocabulary Word 7 decades

1. Another word in the selection is decades. Say the word decades. Look at this timeline. It
it with me: decades. A decade is ten years. demonstrates three decades in the history of
Decades are more than one group of ten years. a family. It shows events that occurred in the
Two decades would be two groups of ten years. 1980s, in the 1990s, and in the 2000s.
Our city library is decades old! It has some of 5. Work with your partner to continue the
the first books purchased still on the shelves. timeline. Draw a timeline marked off for
2. En español, decades quiere decir “grupos these decades: 2020, 2030, 2040, 2050. For
de diez años, décadas.” Una década es un each decade in your timeline, write about an
período de diez años; dos decadas son 20 important event.
años. Nuestra biblioteca tiene varias décadas 6. Talk about what life might be like in the
ya. Abrió en los años setenta. future—ten decades, or 100 years from now.
3. Decades in English and décadas in Spanish are How might the world be different from today?
cognates. They sound almost the same and 7. Now let’s say decades together three more
mean the same thing in both languages. times: decades, decades, decades.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 rafters

1. Another word in the selection is rafters. Say the word rafters. I see wood beams. (Point to
it with me: rafters. Rafters are types of beams the beams.) This is the frame of a roof. These
that support the roof of a building. The mice beams are the rafters. They will hold up the
were running on the rafters in the barn! roof when the roof is installed.
2. En español, rafters quiere decir “pedazos de 4. Talk with your partner about why the rafters
madera o hierro que dan apoyo al techo de un in the picture are important to the building.
edificio, vigas.” Los ratones corrían sobre las 5. Work with your partner to use the word
vigas del granero. rafters in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
The rafters .
6. Now let’s say rafters together three more
times: rafters, rafters, rafters.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to sift through
Word 2 to look off to

Word 1 to sift through
1. In English, we use the phrase to sift through 4. Look around the classroom. With your partner,
to describe the way in which someone sorts make a list of things that you can sift through.
through a lot of things. Say it with me: to At the top of your list, write: In this classroom
sift through. You might sift through a pile of we could sift through. . . .
papers to decide which ones to keep in your 5. Tell your partner about something in your
binder and which to throw out. home that you need to sift through in order
2. En español, to sift through quiere decir to find something. Use this sentence in your
“hurgar entre un montón de cosas para hallar description: At home I need to sift through
algo que buscas.” Tú podrías hurgar en una to find .
pila de papeles para decidir cuáles dejar en tu 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to sift
carpeta y cuáles tirar a la basura. through, to sift through, to sift through.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to sift
through. The woman is shopping for new
music. As she looks through the shelf displays,
she sifts through the choices to decide which
CDs to buy.
Word 2 to look off to

1. In English, the phrase to look off to means 4. I am going to name some things that are in
to gaze into the distance. When you look off our classroom. When I announce the object,
to the horizon by the sea, you may see a ship say whether you will look off to the right
sailing away or the sun setting. Say it with me: or to the left to see the item. If the object
to look off to. is straight ahead or in back of us, don’t say
2. En español, to look off to quiere decir “mirar anything.
a la distancia.” Cuando miras a la distancia en the pencil sharpener
el mar, es posible que veas un barco o el sol the white (black) board
ocultándose en el horizonte. the bookcase
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to look the trash can
off to. The hikers have reached the top of the my desk
mountain, and they are looking off to another the clock
peak in the distance. They are enjoying the 5. Imagine that you are standing on the rooftop
beautiful view as they look off to the distance. of the tallest building in our city or town. Tell
what you would see when you look out over
the city. As you tell about what you would
see, use the phrase to look off to.
to look off to, to look off to, to look off to.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to be angry
Unit 3 Week 5 Honus and Me with oneself
Word 4 from time to time

Word 3 to be angry with oneself
1. In English, we use the phrase to be angry 4. I am going to describe some situations. If
with oneself to describe the way in which the situation would cause someone to feel
people show that they are upset with angry with him or herself, say “angry.” If it
something that they have done or said. Say wouldn’t, say nothing.
it with me: to be angry with oneself. For The referee accidentally blew his whistle
example, I was angry with myself when I during a play.
forgot my cousin’s birthday. My dad got a speeding ticket on the way to
2. En español, to be angry with oneself quiere work.
decir “estar enfadado consigo mismo.” Así Uncle Jonah made macaroni and cheese for
alguien expresa que está molesto por algo dinner.
malo o inconveniente que hizo o dijo. Por My sister lost her ticket to the concert.
ejemplo, me enfadé conmigo mismo por Mom gave some of my old clothes to a local
haber olvidado el cumpleaños de mi primo. charity.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to be 5. Imagine that you are on a field trip to a local
angry with oneself. The goalie in the soccer museum. Think of three things you might do
game is upset because the other team just that could make you feel angry with yourself.
scored a goal. He is angry with himself (Call on a few students to respond.)
because he allowed the other team to score. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to be
angry with oneself, to be angry with oneself,
to be angry with oneself.
Word 4 from time to time

1. In English, we use the phrase from time to 4. I am going to name some activities. When I
time to describe something that happens describe something that you do from time to
occasionally. Say it with me: from time to time, raise your hands high. For things that
time. For example, I like to go to the park you do on a regular basis, keep your hands
from time to time to read a book. down.
2. En español, from time to time quiere decir attend a concert
“de vez en cuando.” Así se expresa que algo brush your teeth
sucede ocasionalmente. Por ejemplo, a mí me go to a major league baseball game
gusta ir al parque de vez en cuando para leer take a trip on an airplane
un libro. go to school
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase from go to a museum
time to time. These kids go to the amusement 5. Imagine that you are planning your summer
park from time to time. Maybe they go twice vacation. Tell about some of the things that
every summer, but they probably don’t go will do. Be sure to use the phrase from time
every day or even every week. It is fun to to time in your description.
ride the rides from time to time, but it would 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: from
probably get boring if you did it every day. time to time, from time to time, from time
to time.
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Basic Words
Unit 3 Week 5
antique, attic, doorbell,
Honus and Me
shutters, bureau, candlestick
antique attic doorbell
shutters bureau candlestick
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 typical
Unit 4 Week 1 Seeing Things His Own Way
Word 2 specialists
Key Vocabulary Word 1 typical

1. One word in the selection is typical. Say it with word typical. Look at the students. They are
me: typical. Typical means “conforming to the typical 6th graders. They are like most other 6th
usual characteristics of a particular type.” If graders. They are playing outside with their
an object is typical, it is like nearly all other friends.
objects in the same category. The typical 5. Talk to your partner about why you would
American 6th grader likes to listen to music, consider these students typical. What makes
watch TV, and play with his or her friends. them like most other 6th graders? Share your
2. En español, typical quiere decir “típico, que se ideas with the class.
conforma a las características de una persona 6. Work with your partner to talk about what
o cosa en particular.” Si algo es típico, es happens on a typical day in our classroom.
como todos los demás en su misma categoría. Use this sentence frame: On a typical day,
Al estudiante típico americano de sexto grado .
le gusta escuchar música, mirar la televisión y 7. Now let’s say typical together three more
jugar son sus amigos. times: typical, typical, typical.
3. Typical in English and típico in Spanish are
Key Vocabulary Word 2 specialists

1. Another word in the selection is specialists. the word specialists. Look at the lady. (Point
Say it with me: specialists. Specialists are to the lady.) She is a doctor. She is checking
“people who have studied to become experts her patient’s throat. This doctor is a specialist
in a particular subject.” One of my students because she is an expert on one particular part
broke her leg last year. Her parents took her of the body.
to bone specialists to get her the proper care. 5. Imagine you are a specialist. Tell your partner
Bone specialists are experts at treating broken what you are an expert at and why you are
bones. considered a specialist.
2. En español, specialists quiere decir 6. Work with your partner to talk about
“especialistas, personas que han estudiado specialists you know. Describe what
para ser expertos en su profesión.” Cuando the specialists do and why they are
mi amigo se partió la pierna, acudió a un considered specialists.
especialista de los huesos. El especialista en 7. Now let’s say specialists together three more
huesos es un experto tratando fracturas. times: specialists, specialists, specialists.
3. Specialists in English and especialistas in
languages.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 peripheral
Word 4 guidance
Key Vocabulary Word 3 peripheral

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Now, let’s look at a picture that illustrates
1. Another word in the selection is peripheral. the word peripheral. Look at the lady. There
Say it with me: peripheral. Peripheral means is a man standing to the side of her. She can
“looking at something from the side of your see the man using her peripheral vision. She is
eye.” (Describe what you can see looking looking at him from the side of her eyes.
forward and with your peripheral vision.) I see 5. Let’s use our peripheral vision. Everyone face
in my peripheral vision. the front of the classroom. Tell me what you
2. En español, peripheral quiere decir “periférico, can see using your peripheral vision. Now let’s
lo que ves por los lados de los ojos.” (Decriba face the back of the classroom. Tell me what
lo que ve cuando mira hacia adelante y con su you see now using your peripheral vision.
visión periferica.) Veo a través 6. Work with a partner and move to different
de mi visión periférica. spots of the classroom. Tell each other what
3. Peripheral in English and periférico in Spanish you see using your peripheral vision. Use this
are cognates. They sound almost the same sentence frame: I see using
and mean the same thing in both languages. my peripheral vision.
7. Now let’s say peripheral together three more
times: peripheral, peripheral, peripheral.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 guidance

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Tell your partner about a time you have given
1. Another word in the selection is guidance. Say someone guidance. What did you help that
it with me: guidance. When you give someone person do? How did you help them? Share
guidance you give them help. I gave each of your responses with the class.
you guidance as you were choosing what to 5. Imagine that a new student has just arrived in
do for your science project. our class. What guidance would you give the
2. En español, guidance quiere decir “ayuda, new student? How would this help the new
orientación.” Yo les di orientación a cada uno student?
de ustecles mientvas escogían un tema para su 6. Now let’s say guidance together three more
proyecto de ciencias. times: guidance, guidance, guidance.
the word guidance. Look at the man. He is a
teacher. He is giving his students guidance as
they complete their assignment.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 deteriorated
Word 6 maturity
Key Vocabulary Word 5 deteriorated

1. Another word in the selection is deteriorated. word deteriorated. Look at this old car. It is
Say it with me: deteriorated. When something really falling apart. There are no windows, no
has deteriorated, the condition has gotten wheels, and no roof. The body of the car is all
worse or broken down. My favorite gardening rusty. This car has deteriorated.
tools have deteriorated. The handles have 5. Discuss with your partner why you would
fallen off and they are all rusted. I don’t think use the word deteriorated to describe the
I can use them anymore. car in the picture. Talk about what may have
2. En español, to deteriorate quiere decir caused the car to become so deteriorated.
“deteriorarse, empeorar su condición.” 6. Work with your partner to discuss deteriorated
Mis herramientas para el jardín se han things you have seen before. Tell your partner
deteriorado. Están quebradas y oxidadas. what deteriorated things you have seen,
Ya no sirven. where you have seen them, and why you
3. To deteriorate in English and deteriorar in consider them deteriorated.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say deteriorated together three
the same and mean the same thing in both more times: deteriorated, deteriorated,
languages. deteriorated.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 maturity

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about how the people
1. Another word in the selection is maturity. Say in the picture show maturity. What clues
it with me: maturity. Maturity means “to be do you use to know that these people have
fully grown.” My grandparents have reached reached maturity? Share your ideas with
maturity. the class.
2. En español, maturity quiere decir “madurez, 6. Talk with your partner about how you think
estado de desarrollo completo para una cosa you may change as you reach maturity. How
o persona.” Mis abuelos ya han llegado a do you think you might look? What might you
su madurez. be doing?
3. Maturity in English and madurez in Spanish 7. Now let’s say maturity together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: maturity, maturity, maturity.
word maturity. Look at the picture. I see a
woman and a man. They look like full-grown
adults. They have reached maturity.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 summit
Word 8 awesome
Key Vocabulary Word 7 summit

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to talk about how
1. Another word in the selection is summit. Say you would feel climbing to the summit of the
it with me: summit. A summit is the highest mountain in the picture.
point of an object. Last summer, I climbed all 5. Imagine you are standing on the summit of
the way to the summit of the mountain. I was the mountain. Describe what you see when
proud when I reached the summit! you look around. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, summit quiere decir “cima, la I see , , and
parte superior.” El verano pasado, escalé hasta from the summit.
la cima de la montaña. Estaba orgullosa de 6. Now let’s say summit together three more
haber llegado a la cima. times: summit, summit, summit.
word summit. Look at this mountain. I see the
very top of the mountain. (Point to the top of
the mountain.) This is the summit.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 awesome

1. Another word in the selection is awesome. the word awesome. Wow! Look at the surfer.
Say it with me: awesome. Awesome means (Point to the surfer.) Look at the enormous
“wonderful, incredible, and amazing.” The wave he is riding. This is awesome. What a
beach is an awesome place! It is amazing to ride he must be having!
watch the huge waves crash on the shore. It 4. Talk with your partner about why you think
is incredible that you can find so many living this picture is awesome. Talk about how this
creatures in the sand. surfer might be feeling as he surfs the wave.
2. En español, awesome quiere decir “estupendo, 5. Work with your partner to describe other
maravilloso, increíble.” ¡Esta playa es things you think are awesome. You can
estupenda! Es maravilloso ver las olas describe things you’ve seen or things you can
romperse en la orilla. Es maravilloso encontrar imagine.
tantos animales en la arena. 6. Now let’s say awesome together three more
times: awesome, awesome, awesome.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to fall over each other
Word 2 to let up
Word 1 to fall over each other
1. In English, we use the phrase to fall over each 4. With your partner, talk about an instance
other to describe the way in which people are when you and your friends might fall over
eager to do something. Say it with me: to fall each other.
over each other. People fall over each other 5. Now discuss times when you have seen other
when they are excited to do something or see people fall over each other. Talk about why
someone. they were so excited or eager to see someone.
2. En español, to fall over each other quiere decir 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to fall
“atropellar; pasar precipitadamente sobre over each other, to fall over each other, to fall
otras personas.” Cuando las personas sienten over each other.
mucha emoción de hacer algo o de ver a
alguien, causan un desorden y no les importa
pasar sobre otras personas.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to fall over
each other. The fans in the stands are so
excited to see the famous athlete that they
are falling over each other to get close to him.
Word 2 to let up
1. In English, we use the phrase to let up to 4. I am going to read some sentences using
describe what happens when a storm comes the phrase to let up. When I use the phrase
to an end. As the rain finally let up, we correctly, raise your hands. When I don’t use
noticed a rainbow behind us. Say it with me: the phrase correctly, keep your hands down.
to let up. After the rain let up, we ran to the car.
2. En español, to let up quiere decir “disminuir.” When the bathtub let up, we dipped our
Se usa en inglés para describir lo que sucede toes in.
cuando una tormenta llega a su fin. Cuando If the rain lets up soon, we can go out for a
la lluvia por fin disminuyó, vimos que se formó walk.
un arco iris. On a hot summer day, we let up the sprinkler.
3. This picture shows the phrase to let up. The Once the snow lets up, we will go outside and
storm has come to an end, and the clouds are shovel.
beginning to lift. As the rain lets up, the skies 5. Imagine that you are a meteorologist. Give a
will clear and people will go back outside forecast about a coming storm. Be sure to use
again. the phrase to let up.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to let
up, to let up, to let up.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to take advantage of
Word 4 to measure up
Word 3 to take advantage of
1. In English, we use the phrase to take advantage 4. With your partner, think of examples that
of to describe the way in which someone makes show people taking advantage of someone or
use of someone else in order to get something. something.
Say it with me: to take advantage of. The soccer 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
team took advantage of the other team’s shows the phrase to take advantage of. Write
distracted goalie to score a goal. a sentence using the phrase to take advantage
2. En español, to take advantage of quiere decir of to accompany your drawing.
“aprovecharse.” Cuando alguien se aprovecha 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
de otra persona, le saca utilidad a esa persona take advantage of, to take advantage of, to
para su propio beneficio. El equipo de fútbol take advantage of.
se aprovechó de que el arquero del otro
equipo estaba distraido para anotar un gol.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to take
advantage of. The kids are taking advantage
of their parents’ kindness. They are enjoying
a break from painting the fence while their
parents finish the job.
Word 4 to measure up
1. In English, we use the phrase to measure 4. I am going to name some events. When I
up to express what happens when someone describe something that is an example of the
reaches a certain standard or is qualified to do phrase to measure up, raise your hands high.
something. For example, when you measure For examples that do not illustrate the phrase,
up to your parents’ wishes, you do something keep your hands down.
that pleases them. Say it with me: to Our school’s drama club won the best-in-state
measure up. award.
2. En español, to measure up quiere decir You pulled up your grade in French to an A.
“comportase a la altura, complacer. ” Si te Your sister did not finish her homework last
comportas a la altura de los deseos de tus night.
padres, tu comportamiento los complace. Our city’s library system was not named the
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to best in the state.
measure up. As the wheelchair contestants The girls’ basketball team qualified to compete
reach the finish line, they are measuring up to in the regional tournament.
their own hopes for victory. 5. Imagine that you have a goal that you want
to reach. Tell how you will accomplish your
goal. Use the phrase to measure up in your
sentence.
measure up, to measure up, to measure up.
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Basic Words partner, communicate, teammates, captain,
Unit 4 Week 1
Seeing Things His Own Way common goal, accomplishment
partner communicate teammates
captain common goal accomplishment
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 spectators
Unit 4 Week 2 Major Taylor: Champion Cyclist
Word 2 demonstration
Key Vocabulary Word 1 spectators

1. One word in the selection is spectators. Say word spectators. Look at the people. They
it with me: spectators. Spectators are people are all watching the same thing happen. The
watching a person or group of people doing people are spectators.
something. The spectators cheered when 5. Talk to your partner about why you think the
Jonathan scored the winning goal at the spectators are smiling and clapping. What do
soccer game. you think they are watching? Share your ideas
2. En español, spectators quiere decir with the class.
“espectadores, gente que mira a una 6. Talk with your partner about an event at
persona o a un grupo haciendo algo.” Los which you would like to be a spectator.
espectadores aplaudieron cuando Jonathan Describe the event you want to attend.
anotó el utimo gol del partido. Then complete this sentence with your
3. Spectators in English and espectadores in partner: I would like to be a spectator at
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost .
the same and mean the same thing in both 7. Now let’s say spectators together three more
languages. times: spectators, spectators, spectators.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 demonstration

1. Another word in the selection is word demonstration. Look at the boy. He is on
demonstration. Say it with me: demonstration. his bike. Wow! He is very talented. He is giving
A demonstration is showing someone how to a demonstration of a bike trick.
do something or how something works. Mrs. 5. Talk with your partner about a demonstration
Riley, our music teacher, gave a demonstration you would like to see. Describe what you
on how to use the musical instruments. would see at this demonstration. Share your
2. En español, demonstration quiere decir ideas with the class.
“demostración, enseñar a alguien cómo hacer 6. What are you really good at? What kind of
algo o cómo funciona algo.” La Sra. Riley, demonstration would you do to show your
nuestra profesora de música, nos dio una skill?
demostración sobre el uso de los instrumentos 7. Now let’s say demonstration together three
musicales. more times: demonstration, demonstration,
3. Demonstration in English and demostración demonstration.
in Spanish are cognates. They sound almost
languages.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 prominent
Word 4 luxury
Key Vocabulary Word 3 prominent

1. Another word in the selection is prominent. word prominent. Look at the faces carved in
Say it with me: prominent. Something or the mountain. Each of these men was once
someone that is prominent is very important. the President of the United States. They are all
George Washington was the first President very prominent people in history.
of the United States. He is prominent in the 5. Work with your partner to talk about why you
history of our government. think each of the men carved in the mountain
2. En español, prominent quiere decir is prominent. What made them famous? Why
“prominente, muy importante.” George are their faces carved on a mountain?
Washington fue el primer presidente de los 6. Describe to your partner someone you
Estados Unidos. Por eso, es prominente en la consider to be a prominent person in history.
historia de nuestro gobierno. Then complete this sentence:
3. Prominent in English and prominente in is prominent in history
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost because .
the same and mean the same thing in both 7. Now let’s say prominent together three more
languages. times: prominent, prominent, prominent.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 luxury

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 5. Tell your partner why you consider this room a
1. Another word in the selection is luxury. Say it luxury. Share your ideas with another pair.
with me: luxury. Luxury means “great wealth.” 6. Work together to describe other things
Spending the night at the mansion was a that are a luxury. Use this sentence
luxury. frame: is a luxury because
2. En español, luxury quiere decir “lujo, mucha .
riqueza.” Pasar la noche en una mansión fue 7. Now let’s say luxury together three more
un lujo. times: luxury, luxury, luxury.
3. Luxury in English and lujo in Spanish are
word luxury. Look at this room. The furniture,
paintings, and carpet are magnificent. The
gold light is amazing! All of these items cost a
lot of money. This room is a luxury!
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 prevail
Word 6 maneuvered
Key Vocabulary Word 5 prevail

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you have just prevailed at a contest.
1. Another word in the selection is prevail. Say it Describe how you would feel and explain why.
with me: prevail. To prevail means “to win a 5. Talk about what you think must happen in
competition.” Timothy worked very hard on order for you to prevail at a competition. Use
his science project. I hope he will prevail and this sentence frame: If you want to prevail,
win first prize. you must .
2. En español, to prevail quiere decir “prevalecer, 6. Now let’s say prevail together three more
ganar una competencia.” Timothy se esforzó times: prevail, prevail, prevail.
mucho en su proyecto. Ojalá que prevalezca y
gane el primer lugar.
word prevail. Look at the boy standing. His
arms are in the air and he has a trophy in his
hand. He is very excited. He prevailed as the
winner of the Spelling Bee.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 maneuvered

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about a time you were playing your
1. Another word in the selection is maneuvered. favorite board game. Describe a play you
Say it with me: maneuvered. Maneuvered maneuvered to try to win the game.
means “moved skillfully with a plan.” David 5. Talk about how a soccer player would
maneuvered his bike through the trails. He maneuver a ball to have the best chance to
jumped each ramp without falling. score. Use this sentence frame: The soccer
2. En español, to maneuver quiere decir player maneuvered the ball .
“maniobrar, manejar, mover con habilidad y 6. Now let’s say maneuvered together three
con un plan.” David maniobró su bicicleta por more times: maneuvered, maneuvered,
los senderos de la montaña con destreza. Saltó maneuvered.
cada desnivel sin caerse.
the word maneuvered. Look at the picture.
I see a boy and girl playing chess. The girl
maneuvered her chess piece to try to win
the game.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 collective
Word 8 adept
Key Vocabulary Word 7 collective

1. Another word in the selection is collective. word collective. Look at the people. They are
Say it with me: collective. Collective means working in community garden. They work
“something that is done by a group of in a group to take care of the garden. It is a
people.” We gave a collective effort to bring collective effort.
in canned goods for needy families. 5. Talk with your partner about something you
2. En español, collective quiere decir “colectivo, have done in a collective way, with a group.
algo hecho por un grupo de gente.” Mis Share your ideas with the class.
amigos y yo hicimos un esfuerzo colectivo 6. Think of one activity that is easier to do
para llevar comestibles a las familias collectively, or as a group, rather than alone.
necesitadas. Share your ideas with another pair.
3. Collective in English and colectivo in Spanish 7. Now let’s say collective together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: collective, collective, collective.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 adept

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about people you
1. Another word in the selection is adept. Say it know or have read about who are adept at
with me: adept. Adept means “very skilled.” something. What are they adept at? How do
My sister is an adept horseback rider. She can you think they became adept at this skill?
do amazing jumps on her horse. 5. Describe to your partner something you are
2. En español, adept quiere decir “experto, adept at. Explain how you became adept
con mucha habilidad.” Mi hermana es at this skill. Then complete this sentence:
una amazona experta. Puede hacer saltos I am adept at because
increíbles con su caballo. .
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the 6. Now let’s say adept together three more
word adept. Wow! Look at the basketball times: adept, adept, adept.
player. She is going to make a slam dunk with
the ball. It takes a long time to learn how to
do this. She is an adept player!
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 heat
Word 2 a swell of
Word 1 heat
1. In English, we use the word heat to describe 4. With your partner, make up a sentence using
a group of contestants in a race. Say it with the word heat to describe a race.
me: heat. The runners in the first heat began 5. Now take turns pretending to be the
in front of the second heat. announcer at a track meet. Be sure to use the
2. En español, heat quiere decir “un grupo de word heat to describe the races.
participantes en una carrera.” Los corredores 6. Repeat the word three times with me: heat,
en el primer grupo comenzaron enfrente. heat, heat.
3. This picture illustrates the word heat. The
girls are crouching down as they wait to hear
the gun that announces the start of the race.
This group of girls is running in the third heat.
There will probably be several more heats, or
groups of runners.
Word 2 a swell of
1. In English, we use the phrase a swell of to 4. I am going to name some groups of people.
describe a large crowd of people. Say it with When I name a group that is a swell of
me: a swell of. There was a swell of people at people, say “swell.” When I name something
the baseball game on Saturday. Many people that is not a swell of people, don’t say
came to watch because it was the final game anything.
of the season. six people waiting at the bus stop
2. En español, a swell of quiere decir “una oleada thirty thousand people at a football game
de gente.” Hubo una oleada de gente en el a classroom of twenty-two students
partido de béisbol el sábado. Fueron muchas six hundred kids jammed into the auditorium
personas porque era el último partido de la a family of five in their mini-van
temporada. 5. Imagine that you are a news reporter assigned
3. This picture illustrates the phrase a swell of. to cover a major concert. Tell what the crowd
The crowd is looking up as they raise their looks like. Use the phrase a swell of in your
arms and dance to the music. There is a swell description.
of people at the concert. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: a swell
of, a swell of, a swell of.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to come to
Word 4 to set off with

Word 3 to come to
1. In English, the phrase to come to is used to 4. With your partner, think of sentences using
describe someone who regains consciousness the phrase to come to.
after fainting. Say it with me: to come to. 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
2. En español, to come to quiere decir “volver shows the phrase to come to. Write a sentence
en sí; recobrar la conciencia después de un using the phrase to come to that describes
desmayo.” what is going on in your drawing.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase come to. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
The woman lying in the street was knocked come to, to come to, to come to.
off her bicycle when she was hit by a car.
After she faints, she will come to.
Word 4 to set off with

1. In English, we use the phrase to set off with 4. I am going to name some activities. When I
to tell what people take when they begin a describe something that is an example of the
journey or adventure. Say it with me: to set phrase to set off with, raise your hands high.
off with. We set off with granola bars and For examples that do not illustrate the phrase,
plenty of water when we went hiking. keep your hands down.
2. En español, to set off with quiere decir “partir The boys set off with their baseball cards.
con algo a un viaje.” Partimos con granola y I set off with my fingernails to wash the car.
suficiente agua cuando hicimos la caminata. The hiking club set off with their sleeping
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to set bags.
off with. A group of friends is setting off with You set off with a cloud when you walked to
their backpacks to explore the city. They are school.
walking through the park as they enjoy the Our family set off with a week’s worth of food
fall day. when we went on vacation.
5. Imagine that you are preparing to go on
vacation. Tell what you will take with you. Use
the phrase to set off with in your description.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to set
off with, to set off with, to set off with.
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Basic Words
Unit 4 Week 2
stunt, acrobat, cyclist,
Major Taylor: Champion Cyclist
rival, applause, finish line
stunt acrobat cyclist
rival applause finish line
ROUTINE
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(bl) © Jules Frazier/Photodisc/Getty Images. (bm) © Big Cheese Photo/PunchStock. (br) © Bob Jacobson/Corbiss.
Key Vocabulary Word 1 inspiration
Unit 4 Week 3 Take a Bow
Word 2 extremely
Key Vocabulary Word 1 inspiration

1. One word in the selection is inspiration. the word inspiration. Look at the boy. He is
Say it with me: inspiration. Inspiration is holding a model. He is thinking very carefully
encouragement and motivation. The gym about what he sees. The model will give him
teacher might clap and cheer to give you inspiration for new ideas.
inspiration to finish a race. 5. Talk to your partner about a time when you
2. En español, inspiration quiere decir received inspiration from friends and family
“inspiración, ánimo, motivación.”El profesor to complete a task or a race. How did your
de educación física podría aplaudir y animarte friends and family help you?
para darte la inspiración para terminar la 6. Imagine you had a friend who needed
carrera. inspiration to complete a homework
3. Inspiration in English and inspiración in assignment. What would you do and why?
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost How would your actions give your friend
the same and mean the same thing in inspiration?
both languages. 7. Now let’s say inspiration together three more
times: inspiration, inspiration, inspiration.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 extremely

1. Another word in the selection is extremely. word extremely. Look at these trees. They
Say it with me: extremely. Extremely means look like they reach up to the sky. They are
“more than ordinary, or very much so.” It is extremely tall trees. They are much taller than
extremely cold outside today. You must wear ordinary trees that we see every day.
your jackets, mittens, and hats to stay warm 5. Extremely means “very much, or more than
in this extremely cold weather. ordinary.” Talk with your partner about a time
2. En español, extremely quiere decir when you ran extremely fast; a time when you
“extremadamente, más de lo normal, were extremely hungry; a time when you were
muchísimo.” Es un día extremadamente frío. extremely quiet, and other times you can think
Hay que usar abrigo, guantes y gorra para of when you have done something extreme.
protegerse de este frío exagerado. Share your ideas with the class.
3. Extremely in English and extremadamente in 6. Imagine it is extremely hot outside. Talk
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost the about what you might do on an extremely hot
same and mean the same thing in day. Use this sentence frame. On an extremely
both languages. hot day, .
7. Now let’s say extremely together three more
times: extremely, extremely, extremely.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 revealed
Word 4 attended
Key Vocabulary Word 3 revealed

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Watch as I reveal something to you. (Stand a
1. Another word in the selection is revealed. Say file folder up on your desk, with items hidden
it with me: revealed. Revealed means “looked behind the folder. Then remove the folder to
inside, showed, or exposed.” The principal reveal the hidden items.) See what I revealed?
opened the curtain and revealed the school’s These items were hidden until I revealed
new gym equipment! them. Now you try it. Hide something in your
hand. Now open your hand. You have revealed
2. En español, to reveal quiere decir “revelar,
the object!
mirar adentro, exponer, mostrar.” El director
abrió la cortina del gimnasio y nos mostró el 6. Using a piece of paper, hide some objects on
equipo nuevo. your desk. Now reveal the hidden objects to
your partner. Take turns hiding and revealing
3. To reveal in English and revelar in Spanish are
objects with your partner.
mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say revealed together three more
times: revealed, revealed, revealed.
the word revealed. Look at the insides of this
watch. You can see all of the parts that make
the watch work. The insides of the watch
were revealed when the cover was opened.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 attended

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Since you are all here today, this means that
1. Another word in the selection is attended. today you attended school. I’m glad you’re
Say it with me: attended. When you have here! Tell your partner about an event that
attended something this means “you have you recently attended. Did you attend a
been present at a specific activity.” We school event? A sporting event? A musical
attended the awards assembly last night so we event? Share your responses with the class.
could see our friends receive their awards. 5. Talk with your partner about an event in the
2. En español, to attend quiere decir “asistir, future that you would like to attend, and why.
estar presente.” Anoche asistimos a la Then complete this sentence together:
ceremonia en la cual nuestros amigos I would like to attend because
recibieron unos premios. .
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates 6. Now let’s say attended together three more
the word attended. Look at the teacher and times: attended, attended, attended.
students. The teacher is checking to see who
attended school for the day.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 managed
Key Vocabulary Word 5 managed

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you managed this grocery store for a
1. Another word in the selection is managed. day. Talk about what you did as you managed
Say it with me: managed. Managed means the store.
“succeeded by doing“ or ”was in charge 5. Use the word managed to describe your
of something.” The principal managed the experience. Use this sentence frame:
process of assigning each student their When I managed the store I ,
class schedule. , and .
2. En español, to manage quiere decir 6. Now let’s say managed together three more
“administrar o dirigir, normalmente un times: managed, managed, managed.
negocio.” El director administró el proceso de
asignar a cada estudiante su horario de clases.
word managed. Look at the lady. She is the
manager of the grocery store. She makes sure
all of the food is in good condition, that her
customers can find what they need, and her
business runs smoothly.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to keep up with
Word 2 nothing to do with

Word 1 to keep up with
1. In English, we use the phrase to keep up with 4. With your partner, imagine a scene in which
to describe the way in which people maintain one group of people is working hard to keep
an equal rate of speed, activity, or progress up with another group. Consider different
with someone else or with another group. Say kinds of situations, including sporting events
it with me: to keep up with. and other competitions.
2. En español, to keep up with quiere decir “no 5. Now list as many kinds of competitions as you
quedarse atrás.” Describe la manera en que las can. Give a brief description of how one group
personas van al mismo paso que otros. tries to keep up with another.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to keep 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
up with. The people in the red boat are trying keep up with, to keep up with, to keep up
to keep up with the people in the yellow boat. with.
They do not want to fall behind.
Word 2 nothing to do with

1. In English, we use the phrase nothing to do 4. I am going to name several groups of things.
with to express the idea that something is not If there is something in the group that has
related to something else. You might say that nothing to do with the other things, then say
someone else’s problem has nothing to do “nothing to do with.” When I name a group
with you. Say it with me: nothing to do with. of things that belong together, don’t say
2. En español, nothing to do with quiere decir anything.
“nada que ver.” Se usa para decir que una socks, shoes, pants, shirt
cosa no está relacionada de ninguna manera salad, pasta, hot dogs, mountains
a otra cosa. Podrías decir que el problema de houses, skyscrapers, apartment buildings
otro no tiene nada que ver contigo. goats, sheep, elephants, popcorn
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase nothing paper, pencil, piano, eraser
to do with. The students are playing a math 5. Now think of two groups of things. One group
game. When the boy places a yellow circle on should contain things that belong together;
top of the wrong number, the girl might say, the other group should contain something
“That has nothing to do with what I did on that has nothing to do with the other things.
my last turn.” 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
nothing to do with, nothing to do with,
nothing to do with.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to bring to its feet
Word 4 to move on from

Word 3 to bring to its feet
1. In English, we use the phrase to bring to its 4. With your partner, think of concerts,
feet to describe the way in which a speaker, performances, or speeches that you have
performer, or candidate inspires the crowd to attended. Try to remember whether you stood
stand up. Say it with me: to bring to its feet. up at any point. Tell your partner why you
2. En español, to bring to its feet quiere decir stood and how you felt at the time.
“inspirar a un público a ponerse de pie en 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
señal de admiración o aprobación.” A veces shows the phrase to bring to its feet. Write a
un orador, un artista o un candidato habla de sentence using the phrase to bring to its feet
tal manera que conmueve a su audiencia a to accompany your drawing.
levantarse de sus asientos. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to bring bring to its feet, to bring to its feet, to bring
to its feet. Many people in the audience to its feet.
are standing in response to what they are
listening to. They may be at a concert or at a
political rally. By standing up, they show their
support for the speaker or performer.
Word 4 to move on from

1. In English, we use the phrase to move on 4. I am going to name some events. When I
from to describe what happens when people describe an event that is an example of the
make a change. For example, when a natural phrase to move on from, raise your hands
disaster, such as a flood or earthquake, takes high. For examples that do not illustrate the
place, people must move on from the damage phrase, keep your hands down.
and rebuild their lives. Say it with me: to move Your family moves to another town after your
on from. parents start a new business there.
2. En español, to move on from quiere decir Your grandparents spend a month in Florida.
“seguir adelante.” Por ejemplo, después de Your best friend decides to take Spanish next
un desastre natural, como una inundación o year after studying Latin for the last three
un terremoto, las personas tienen que seguir years.
adelante y rehacer sus vidas. Your mother leaves your lunch money on the
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to move counter.
on from. The people who lived in New Orleans You decide to try out for the volleyball team
when hurricane Katrina hit had to move on after playing basketball for the last two years.
from the destruction. 5. Imagine that you want to make a change. Tell
what the change is, and use the phrase to
move on from in describing what you plan
to do.
move on from, to move on from, to move
on from.
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Basic Words
Unit 4 Week 3
music, mathematics, chess,
Take a Bow
science, medicine, education
music mathematics chess
science medicine education
ROUTINE
243
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 Renaissance
Unit 4 Week 4 Leonardo’s Horse
Word 2 commissioned
Key Vocabulary Word 1 Renaissance

1. One word in the selection is Renaissance. Say word Renaissance. Look at the artwork. This
it with me: Renaissance. The Renaissance painting is from the Renaissance time period.
was the time period in Europe beginning in During the Renaissance, artists began focusing
the 14th century and extending to the 17th more on realism and human emotion. People
century. This time period marked the cultural and their emotions are often the focus in
change from the medieval to the modern Renaissance art.
world. The Renaissance period had a profound 5. Look at the people in the painting. Talk to
effect on art, philosophy, science, politics, and your partner about how the clothes from the
religion. Renaissance period are different from what
2. En español, Renaissance quiere decir we wear today. Tell your partner what you
“Renacimiento, la etapa que se desarrolló en know about life during this period. Share your
Europa entre el siglo 14 y el 17.” Durante esta ideas with the class.
etapa hubo un gran cambio cultural de lo 6. Work with your partner to use the word
medieval a lo moderno. Hubo un desarrollo de Renaissance in a sentence. Use this
las artes, la filosofía, las ciencias, la política y sentence frame: During the Renaissance,
la religión. .
3. Renaissance in English and Renacimiento in 7. Now let’s say Renaissance together three more
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost times: Renaissance, Renaissance, Renaissance.
languages.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 commissioned

1. Another word in the selection is commissioned. word commissioned. Many of the artists who
Say it with me: commissioned. Commissioned worked on this project were commissioned
means “the act of granting certain powers to or hired to do their work. They were
carry out a particular task.” Some artists in the commissioned to provide artwork for this
Renaissance time period were commissioned building.
to do specific artwork. For example, an artist 4. Imagine you were one of the artists
might have been commissioned to do a piece commissioned to do the work in the picture.
of artwork on the wall or ceiling of a building. How would you feel doing this work? Why?
2. En español, to commission quiere decir 5. Talk with your partner about the kind of
“comisionar, darle un encargo a alguien.” artwork you would like to commission for our
Durante el Renacimiento, muchos artistas school. What would you like to see? Where do
fueron comisionados para realizar obras de you think the artwork should go?
arte. For ejemplo, algunos pudieron habor sido 6. Now let’s say commissioned together three
comisionados para que crearan obras sobre las more times: commissioned, commissioned,
paredes o el de un edificio. commissioned.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 proportion
Word 4 miniature
Key Vocabulary Word 3 proportion

1. Another word in the selection is proportion. the word proportion. Look at this statue. It is
Say it with me: proportion. Proportion means gigantic! Now, look at the people. They are
“the relationship in size between things.” very small compared to the statue. The statue
My hand is the right size for my body. It is in is out of proportion with the people because
proportion with the other parts of my body, it is so much larger than the people who are
which means the size makes sense. If my hand viewing it. The statue looks like a real person,
was huge compared with the rest of my body, though. This means that the features of the
then my hand would be out of proportion statue, like the size of the man’s head, hands,
with my body. and body, are in the correct proportion. He
looks like a real person, only much larger than
2. En español, proportion quiere decir
we are!
“proporción, la relación del tamaño entre
cosas distintas.” Mi mano está en proporción 5. Work with your partner to talk about the
al resto de mi cuerpo. Es decir, es del tamaño differences in the proportion between the
adecuado. Si mi mano fuera enorme en statue and the people in the picture.
comparación al resto de mi cuerpo, entonces 6. With your partner, draw a picture of a
estaría fuera de proporción. person. Make one part of the person out of
3. Proportion in English and proporción in proportion with the rest of the picture. Share
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost your picture with another pair and talk about
the same and mean the same thing in both how to draw the picture in proportion.
languages. 7. Now let’s say proportion together three more
times: proportion, proportion, proportion.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 miniature

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 5. Tell your partner why you would use the word
1. Another word in the selection is miniature. Say miniature to describe the train set. What
it with me: miniature. Miniature means “very, clues did you use to determine that this set is
very small.” When I was young, I liked to play miniature rather than life-size?
with miniature cars. 6. Describe something you have at your house
2. En español, quiere decir “miniatura, or something you have seen that is miniature.
pequeñito.” Cuando era pequeño, a mi me Share your ideas with the class.
gustaba jugar con coches en miniatura. 7. Now let’s say miniature together three more
3. Miniature in English and miniatura in Spanish times: miniature, miniature, miniature.
word miniature. Look at this train set. I see
small trains, small horses, and small people.
This is a miniature train set.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 philosopher
Word 6 elaborate
Key Vocabulary Word 5 philosopher

1. Another word in the selection is philosopher. the word philosopher. Look at the man. He
Say it with me: philosopher. A philosopher is is holding an object. He is deep in thought
a person who gives a great deal of thought to about what this object is, what the object can
the basic meaning of life. Most philosophers do, and what it might be able to do. This man
spend most of their time thinking about why is a philosopher.
people are the way they are and why things 5. Imagine you are this philosopher. What are
are the way they are. you thinking about this object? What do you
2. En español, philosopher quiere decir “filósofo, think this object can do? Why is this object
una persona que piensa profundamente sobre important?
lo que significa la vida.” Un filósofo trata de 6. Tell your partner about things you like
entender por qué las personas y las cosas son to think about. Use this sentence frame:
como son. I am a philosopher. I like to think about
3. Philosopher in English and filósofo in Spanish .
are cognates. They sound almost the same 7. Now let’s say philosopher together three more
and mean the same thing in both languages. times: philosopher, philosopher, philosopher.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 elaborate

1. Another word in the selection is elaborate. word elaborate. Look at this elaborate design
Say it with me: elaborate. Something that is and decoration. The gold details are amazing!
elaborate is very detailed and beautiful. I saw I am sure it took a long time and a lot of skill
an elaborate painting at the museum. The to make this elaborate design.
designs were very detailed and the colors 5. With your partner, look through pictures
were beautiful. in your textbooks and other books in the
2. En español, elaborate quiere decir “elaborado, classroom. Find examples of illustrations that
hermoso y con mucho detalle.” Vi un retrato show elaborate designs. Share your examples
elaborado en el museo. Los diseños eran muy with the class. Talk about what makes the
detallados y los colores eran hermosos. illustrations elaborate.
3. Elaborate in English and elaborado in Spanish 6. Think about something you have seen in our
are cognates. They sound almost the same school or community that is elaborate. Tell
and mean the same thing in both languages. your partner what it is and what makes it
elaborate.
7. Now let’s say elaborate together three more
times: elaborate, elaborate, elaborate.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 envisioned
Word 8 recommend
Key Vocabulary Word 7 envisioned

1. Another word in the selection is envisioned. word envisioned. Look at the house. It is in
Say it with me: envisioned. When you have the process of being built. Now look at the
envisioned something this means you man and the woman. They are holding a plan
have made a picture in your mind of what of the house and pointing to the house. These
something might be. My class was in charge people envisioned what they wanted their
of the school garden last year. We envisioned house to look like, then had a plan drawn, and
what it would look like, drew a plan, and then now the house is being built. I hope the house
created the garden. turns out like they envisioned!
2. En español, to envision quiere decir “imaginar, 4. How can a drawing help the builders envision
formar una idea.” A los estudiantes de mi what the house should look like? Could the
salón les tocó planear el jardín de la escuela. builders design a house without envisioning
Primero, formaron una idea de como sería el the final design first? Talk with your partner
jardín. Después dibujaron un plan. Finalmente, about these questions. Share your ideas with
crearon el jardín. the class.
5. With your partner, make a plan for a dream
house that you envision. Share your plans with
another pair.
6. Now let’s say envisioned together three more
times: envisioned, envisioned, envisioned.
Key Vocabulary
Word 8 recommend
1. Another word in the selection is recommend. word recommend. Look at the lady. She is a
Say it with me: recommend. To recommend doctor. The man is her patient. The doctor is
means “to advise or suggest something to telling her patient what she recommends that
someone.” I recommend that each of you he do to stay healthy.
take your math book home tonight to study 5. Role-play the doctor and patient in the picture
for our test tomorrow. with a partner. One person is the doctor. The
2. En español, to recommend quiere decir other person is the patient. The doctor will
“recomendar, aconsejar, sugerir algo a recommend what he or she thinks the patient
alguien.” Yo les recomiendo no olvidar su libro should do to stay healthy. Trade roles and
de matemáticas esta noche, ya que mañana repeat the activity.
habrá un examen. 6. Imagine you have a friend that has a science
3. To recommend in English and recomendar test at school tomorrow. What would you
in Spanish are cognates. They sound almost recommend your friend do to prepare for the
the same and mean the same thing in both test? Why?
languages. 7. Now let’s say recommend together three more
times: recommend, recommend, recommend.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 larger than life
Word 2 to call in
Word 1 larger than life
1. In English, we use the phrase larger than 4. With your partner, brainstorm things that
life to describe something or someone that are larger than life. Think about buildings,
is imposing and impressive. Say it with me: mountains, and statues that you may have
larger than life. seen, either in person or in photographs.
2. En español, larger than life es una expresión 5. Now list all the things that you have thought
que quiere decir “enorme, imponente e of that are larger than life. Share your list with
impresionante.” the class.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase larger than 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: larger
life. The Statue of Liberty is larger than life. If than life, larger than life, larger than life.
you have ever visited this monumental statue,
you know that it is huge. Its size makes a
strong impression and leaves you with lasting
memories.
Word 2 to call in
1. In English, the phrase to call in is used to tell 4. I am going to name a series of events. When
what people do when they send for help. For I name a situation that you would respond
example, when there is an emergency, people to by calling in for help, say ”Call in.” When I
call in an ambulance or the police. name something that does not require you to
2. En español, to call in quiere decir “hacer una call in, don’t say anything.
llamada .” Cuando hay un accidente o una You turn on the faucet and nothing comes
emergencia, las personas hacen una llamada out.
por ayuda. Llaman a la ambulancia o a la Your sister eats the rest of the cookies that you
policía. had baked.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to call in. Your father falls from a high ladder.
The firefighters and police have been called in Your family goes to the movies together.
to respond to the car crash. Your electricity goes out in the middle of
the day.
5. Imagine that you must respond to an
emergency. Make a list of the various places
that you would call in to help.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to call
in, to call in, to call in.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to take credit for
Word 4 to go back to
Word 3 to take credit for
1. In English, we use the phrase to take credit for 4. With your partner, think of things that you
to describe the way in which people show that have taken credit for. List five things that you
they are responsible for an action or event. Say can remember.
it with me: to take credit for. I took credit for 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
the success of our group project. I felt I worked shows the phrase to take credit for. Write a
hardest out of all of us and that it was because sentence using the phrase to take credit for to
of my effort that we did so well. accompany your drawing.
2. En español, to take credit for quiere decir 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
“atribuirse el reconocimiento.” Cuando take credit for, to take credit for, to take
alguien se siente responsable de algo credit for.
bueno que sucedió, se está atribuyendo el
reconocimiento. Cuando presentamos el
proyecto en grupo, me atribuí nuestro éxito.
Me parece que fui la que más duro trabajó del
grupo y que fue por eso que nos fue tan bién.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to take
credit for. The football player holding the
ball is taking credit for the touchdown. He
is proud that his action has moved his team
forward in the game.
Word 4 to go back to
1. In English, the phrase to go back to is used 4. I am going to read several sentences. When
to describe someone returning to the point I correctly use the phrase to go back to, raise
where they left off. Say it with me: to go your hands high. For examples that do not use
back to. After taking a vacation, we all have the phrase correctly, keep your hands down.
to go back to what we were doing before we After I wash the dishes, I will go back to
left. reading my book.
2. En español, to go back to quiere decir When you watch that movie, make sure you
“regresar al punto donde paró.” Después de go back to the credits.
unas vacaiones, uno tiene que regresar a lo My dad will go back to his crossword puzzle
que hacía. Uno debe empezar a trabajar del after he eats his lunch.
punto donde paró. We go back to lunch after we finish with
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to go science.
back to. The girl is going back to her English 5. Imagine that you are planning your
assignment after getting a snack. homework schedule for tonight. Tell the order
in which you will do your homework. Use the
phrase to go back to in your description.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to go
back to, to go back to, to go back to.
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Basic Words
Unit 4 Week 4
sculpture, bronze, foundry,
Leonardo’s Horse
pedestal, plaster, casting
sculpture bronze foundry
pedestal plaster casting
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 enthralled
Unit 4 Week 5 How Tía Lola Came to Visit Stay
Word 2 embarrassment
Key Vocabulary Word 1 enthralled

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you are a storyteller. Tell an exciting,
1. One word in the selection is enthralled. Say captivating story that will enthrall your
it with me: enthralled. To be enthralled partner. Ask your partner to share why he or
means to be “captivated or fascinated by she was enthralled with your story. Trade roles
something.” The magic show enthralled and have your partner become the storyteller.
the audience. 5. Pretend you are at a magic show. Talk about
2. En español, to enthrall quiere decir “cautivar, why you might be enthralled. What tricks
encantar, emocionar.” El espectáculo de enthralled you? Why?
magia cautivó a todos los niños del público. 6. Now let’s say enthralled together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the times: enthralled, enthralled, enthralled.
word enthralled. Look at the teacher. He is
looking at the computer with his students.
They seem to be fascinated by what they see.
They look enthralled by the sight.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 embarrassment

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Pretend you are the student in the photo
1. Another word in the selection is embarrassment. with his head down and his hand over his
Say it with me: embarrassment. Embarrassment face. Have your partner pretend that he or
means “feeling awkwardness, shame, or she is the student sitting in the grass next to
humiliation for something you have said or you. Tell your partner what caused you to
done.” The school playground is a mess! It is feel embarrassed. Now trade roles and have
an embarrassment to our whole school. your partner tell you what caused him or her
embarrassment.
2. En español, embarrassment quiere decir
“vergüenza, apuro, humillación.” ¡El patio de 5. Imagine you have a friend that has just
recreo es un desorden! ¡Qué vergüenza para done or said something that will cause them
la escuela! embarrassment. What can you do to help with
this situation?
word embarrassment. I see a group of kids 6. Now let’s say embarrassment together three
in the picture. I see one boy with his head more times: embarrassment, embarrassment,
down and his hand over his face. He must feel embarrassment.
embarrassment for something he has said
or done.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 regulation
Word 4 grouchy
Key Vocabulary Word 3 regulation

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to make some
1. Another word in the selection is regulation. regulations for safety on the playground.
Say it with me: regulation. Regulation means Share your ideas with the class.
“a law or rule.” The football referees make 5. Describe some of the regulations for your
sure that all of the players and coaches follow favorite sport or game. Explain why the
the rules and regulations of the game. regulations are important.
2. En español, regulation quiere decir 6. Now let’s say regulation together three more
“regulación, regla.” El árbitro de fútbol times: regulation, regulation, regulation.
americano conoce todas las reglas del juego.
word regulation. Look at the police officer. He
is directing the traffic. The drivers will follow
the regulations to stay safe. If the drivers do
not follow the regulations of the road, they
could cause an accident or get a ticket.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 grouchy

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s all pretend we are grouchy. This is what
1. Another word in the selection is grouchy. Say I look like when I am grouchy. Show me what
it with me: grouchy. Grouchy means “grumpy you look like when you are grouchy!
and irritable.” My sister is always very grouchy 5. Tell us about a time you have been grouchy.
when she has a lot of homework. Show us what you looked like. Why did you
2. En español, grouchy quiere decir “gruñón, de feel this way? What makes you feel better
mal humor.” Mi hermana se pone gruñona when you are grouchy?
cuando le dejan muchas tareas. 6. Now let’s say grouchy together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the times: grouchy, grouchy, grouchy.
word grouchy. Look at the expression on the
girl’s face. She does not look happy. She is
grouchy! I wonder what caused her to feel
this way?
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 resemblance
Word 6 inscribed
Key Vocabulary Word 5 resemblance

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Look in a mirror. What do you see? Now draw
1. Another word in the selection is resemblance. a picture of what you saw when you looked
Say it with me: resemblance. When things look in the mirror. Show your partner your picture
alike they have a resemblance. My brother and explain how your picture has resemblance
looks just like my father. He has a strong to you.
resemblance to my dad. 5. Tell your partner about family members
2. En español, resemblance quiere decir you have a strong resemblance to. Use this
“semejanza, parecido.” Mi hermano se parece sentence frame: I have a strong resemblance
mucho a mi padre. Tienen un parecido obvio. to in my family.
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the 6. Now let’s say resemblance together three
word resemblance. Look at the girls. They look more times: resemblance, resemblance,
like each other. I think they are twins. The resemblance.
girls have a strong resemblance to each other.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 inscribed

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to find something in
1. Another word in the selection is inscribed. our classroom that is inscribed. What did you
Say it with me: inscribed. Inscribed means find? How do you know this is inscribed?
“written, printed, carved, or engraved on or 5. Imagine you and your family are going to
in a surface.” My family inscribed our initials inscribe something on the inside cover of
in the wet concrete on our new driveway. I a family photo album. What would you
also inscribed a design of a turtle, my inscribe? Why?
favorite animal! 6. Now let’s say inscribed together three more
2. En español, to inscribe quiere decir “inscribir, times: inscribed, inscribed, inscribed.
escribir, grabar.” Pusimos un camino nuevo al
lado de mi casa. Inscribimos nuestras iniciales
antes de que se secara el concreto. También
grabé un diseño de una tortuga.
word inscribed. Look at this design of leaves
and the branches. There are many different
raised lines. If you could touch this picture,
you would be able to feel the different lines.
The leaves and branches were inscribed.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 substitutes
Word 8 capacity
Key Vocabulary Word 7 substitutes

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you are cooking a pepperoni pizza.
1. Another word in the selection is substitutes. You check your refrigerator and realize you
Say it with me: substitutes. When you have no pepperoni. What could you substitute
substitute something, you replace one thing for pepperoni? Use this sentence frame: I will
with another. Sometimes my sister substitutes substitute for pepperoni.
snacks in place of a healthy lunch. This isn’t a 5. Pretend you are playing checkers with a
good choice. friend. You open the box and all your red
2. En español, to substitute quiere decir checker pieces are missing. What could you
“sustituir, reemplazar.” A veces mi hermana substitute for the red checker pieces so you
sustituye golosinas por un almuerzo sano. can play the game? Use this sentence frame:
¡No es buena idea! I will substitute for the red
checker pieces.
word substitutes. I see honey in the picture. 6. Now let’s say substitutes together three more
I know that honey is very sweet like sugar. times: substitutes, substitutes, substitutes.
Some people substitute honey in place of
sugar in recipes and in drinks.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 capacity

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 5. Think about the car you ride in with your
1. Another word in the selection is capacity. Say family. Draw a picture of it. How many people
it with me: capacity. Capacity is “how much can fit in the car and each have a seatbelt to
something can hold.” The school bus has a wear? Share your picture and tell your partner
capacity of 80 students. the capacity of your car.
2. En español, capacity quiere decir “capacidad, 6. Think about the size of a carton of milk
lo que cabe dentro de algo.” El autobús you can get from the cafeteria. Now think
escolar tiene capacidad para 80 personas. about the size of a large plastic jug of milk
you would buy at the grocery store. Which
3. Capacity in English and capacidad in Spanish
container has a greater capacity? Why? Use
this sentence frame to answer:
The has a greater capacity
4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates because .
the word capacity. Look at the measuring
7. Now let’s say capacity together three more
cup. (Point to the top line for 2 cups.) This
times: capacity, capacity, capacity.
measuring cup can easily hold 2 cups of liquid.
The capacity of the measuring cup is 2 cups.
This cup is filled beyond its capacity. It holds
more than 2 cups.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 for a break
Unit 4 Week 5 How Tia Lola Came to Visit Stay
Word 2 to be up to something
Word 1 for a break
1. In English, we use the phrase for a break to 4. Take turns telling your partner what you like
tell what people do to relax. Say it with me: to do for a break from doing your homework
for a break. When I’ve been working for a or cleaning up your room.
few hours, I like to take a walk for a break. It 5. Now list other things that people do for a
helps me relax. break from their usual chores or activities.
2. En español, for a break quiere decir “para Think about the variety of things that people
descansar; lo que se hace para relajarse.” like to do in their free time.
Después de trabajar un par de horas me gusta 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: for a
pasear un rato para descansar. Me ayuda a break, for a break, for a break.
relajarme.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase for a
break. The boys are having a snack in the
hammock for a break from doing yard work.
Word 2 to be up to something
1. In English, we use the phrase to be up to 4. I am going to name some things that people
something to describe what people do when do. When I tell about someone who is up
they are planning something. Say it with me: to something, stand up. When I am not
to be up to something. describing someone who is up to something,
2. En español, to be up to something quiere decir remain sitting.
“estar tramando algo.” Your mother is planning a surprise birthday
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to be up to party for your father.
something. The boy standing up is about to Your brother is going to the park with his
tap the boy in front of him with his pencil. friends.
You could say that he is up to mischief. Your aunt and uncle are coming to your house
for dinner.
Your doctor tells you that she is moving to
another state.
Your grandmother is planning a special anni-
versary party.
5. Imagine that you are planning a surprise party
for your friend. Tell how you would go about
making the arrangements. Use the phrase to
be up to something in your description.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to be
up to something, to be up to something, to be
up to something.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to stand to bat
Unit 4 Week 5 How Tia Lola Came to Visit Stay
Word 4 to be out
Word 3 to stand to bat
1. In English, we use the phrase to stand to bat 4. With your partner, take turns making up
to describe the way a baseball player prepares sentences using the phrase to stand to bat.
to bat. Say it with me: to stand to bat. Nick 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
was nervous when the coach told him to stand shows the phrase to stand to bat. Write a
to bat. It was finally his turn to bat and he did sentence using the phrase to stand to bat to
not want to miss the ball! accompany your drawing.
2. En español, to stand to bat quiere decir “con 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
bate en mano, listo para batear una pelota.” stand to bat, to stand to bat, to stand to bat.
Nicolás se puso nervioso cuando su entrenador
le dijo que se parara con bate en mano. Era
por fin su turno y temía no darle a la pelota.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to stand
to bat. The boy is waiting for the pitcher to
throw the ball. He is at the plate, standing to
hit the ball with his bat.
Word 4 to be out
1. In English, we use the phrase to be out to 4. Talk with your partner about how it feels
describe what happens when people are when school is out for the summer.
released from a responsibility. Say it with 5. Discuss what you plan to do once school is
me: to be out. When children are out of out. Be sure to use the phrase to be out.
school, they have been released from the
responsibility of attending classes. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to be
out, to be out, to be out.
2. En español, to be out quiere decir “salir de;
librarse de una responsabilidad.” Cuando los
niños salen de la escuela, se han librado de la
responsabilidad de asistir a clases.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to be out.
The students are racing out of school at the
end of the school year. School is out for the
summer. Their smiling faces show that they
are happy to be greeting the summer.
270
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Basic Words zucchini, squash, raspberry,
Unit 4 Week 5
How Tía Lola Came to Visit Stay chili pepper, pineapple, eggplant
zucchini squash raspberry
chili pepper pineapple eggplant
ROUTINE
271
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 modern
Unit 5 Week 1 Volcanoes
Word 2 erupt
Key Vocabulary Word 1 modern

1. One word in the selection is modern. Say it the word modern. Look at the men. They are
with me: modern. Something that is modern scientists. They are studying a volcano. In
is related to the present or recent time. In modern times scientists study volcanoes using
modern times many people use computers technical equipment and computers.
or instant messaging to communicate with 5. Pretend you lived before modern inventions
family members who live far away. such as the telephone, television, and
2. En español, modern quiere decir “nuevo computer were invented. Think about how
o de estos tiempos, moderno.” En la your life would be different than it is in
época moderna muchas personas usan sus modern times. Share your ideas with a partner.
computadores o teléfonos móviles para 6. Draw a picture of the modern invention you
comunicarse con parientes que viven lejos. consider to be the most useful in your life.
3. Modern in English and moderno in Spanish are Share your picture with a partner and tell
cognates. They sound almost the same and them why this modern invention is so helpful.
mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say modern together three more
times: modern, modern, modern.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 erupt

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Pretend you are a scientist studying this
1. Another word in the selection is erupt. Say it volcano. What do you think caused the
with me: erupt. To erupt means “to explode or volcano to erupt? What kinds of problems
to burst forth.” Hot lava erupted from the top might have occurred when this volcano
of the volcano. erupted? Share your ideas with your partner.
2. En español, to erupt quiere decir “explotar, 5. Use these sentence frames to share your ideas
expulsar o despedir algo hacia afuera, entrar with the group: caused the
en erupción.” El volcán expulsó lava caliente volcano to erupt. When the volcano erupted,
al entrar en erupción. .
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the 6. Now let’s say erupt together three more times:
word erupt. Look at the volcano. Now look erupt, erupt, erupt.
at the smoke coming from the top of the
volcano. The volcano erupted and the lava
will flow from the top.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 ancient
Word 4 reclaim
Key Vocabulary Word 3 ancient

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you lived in ancient times, around the
1. Another word in the selection is ancient. Say time when the city in this picture was built.
it with me: ancient. Ancient means “very, very How would your life be the same? How would
old.” Volcanoes destroyed some of the your life be different? Share your ideas with
ancient cities. the class.
2. En español, ancient quiere decir “muy viejo, 5. Would you rather live in ancient times or
antiguo.” Los volcanes destruyeron algunas modern times? Why? Tell your partner, then
de las cuidades antiguas. share your ideas with another pair.
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates 6. Now let’s say ancient together three more
the word ancient. This is an ancient city. It times: ancient, ancient, ancient.
was built long, long ago. Volcanic eruptions
destroyed the buildings and structures of this
ancient city.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 reclaim

1. Another word in the selection is reclaim. Say the word reclaim. Look at the volcano. The
it with me: reclaim. To reclaim means “to take land around it is all gray. When the volcano
back or get something back again.” After a erupted, all the plants in the area were
volcano erupts there is great damage to the destroyed. I see some flowers and grass
land and structures in the area. People work trying to grow. Nature is trying to reclaim the
hard to reclaim their land. volcanic land.
2. En español, to reclaim quiere decir “recobrar 4. Imagine we have a school garden. The garden
o recibir de regreso algo que le pertenece, has not been taken care of. Show me how we
recuperar.” Una erupción volcánica causa can we reclaim the garden. What can we do
mucho daño a los terrenos y a las estructuras to get the garden back to its healthy state?
en él área. La gente trabaja duro para 5. Imagine you are running a relay race. One of
recuperar sus tierras. the other runners has just taken the lead. How
can you reclaim the lead?
6. Now let’s say reclaim together three more
times: reclaim, reclaim, reclaim.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 billow
Word 6 crater
Key Vocabulary Word 5 billow

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine a building in our city is on fire.
1. Another word in the selection is billow. Say Draw a picture of smoke billowing from the
it with me: billow. To billow means “to swell, building. Use the word billow to talk about
puff out, or bulge.” The smoke billowed from your picture.
the burning building. 5. My sister put too much bubble bath in the
2. En español, to billow quiere decir “hincharse, bath tub. Suddenly, the bubbles were almost
inflarse o levantarse como una ola.” El billowing over the top. Draw a picture of what
humo se levantaba del edificio que estaba my bathroom might look like. Use the word
incendiado. billow to talk about your picture.
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the 6. Now let’s say billow together three more
word billow. Look at the erupting volcano. times: billow, billow, billow.
There is smoke everywhere! The smoke and
ashes billow from the volcano. You can see
the smoke and ashes from miles away.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 crater

1. Another word in the selection is crater. Say word crater. Look at the top of the volcano.
it with me: crater. A crater is a depression or See how it dips down? It looks like a bowl.
hole in the surface of something. Meteorites This is a crater. This is the part of the volcano
always leave craters where they hit the Earth or from which the lava and smoke erupt.
ground. The impact leaves a dent in its surface. 5. Work with your partner to talk about how
2. En español, crater quiere decir “un hoyo o this picture illustrates the word crater.
depresión en la superficie de algo, un cráter.” (Examples include: The top of the volcano
Siempre queda un cráter en el lugar donde cae dips down. The top of the volcano looks like a
un meteorito a la Tierra. El impacto deja una bowl. There is a depression on the top of the
depresión o hueco en la superficie. volcano.)
3. Crater in English and cráter in Spanish are 6. The moon also has craters. Draw a picture of
cognates. They sound almost the same and the moon and include craters. Describe your
mean the same thing in both languages. picture to your partner. Use this sentence
frame: The craters .
7. Now let’s say crater together three more
times: crater, crater, crater.
278
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 active
Word 8 energy
Key Vocabulary Word 7 active

1. Another word in the selection is active. Say word active. I see hot, red lava flowing from
it with me: active. Something that is active an active volcano. An active volcano is one
is working, moving, or engaged in action. that is producing lava, steam, or gas.
You are all very active in gym class. You play 5. Imagine we are on the soccer field. Show me
games and exercise! You are not still for long. how you would be an active soccer player.
2. En español, active quiere decir “que funciona, Would being active help your team to win the
se mueve o desempeña una acción; activo.” game? Why or why not?
Ustedes se mantienen activos durante la clase 6. Pretend you are asleep. Are you active? Now
de educación física. Juegan y hacen ejercicio. pretend you are building a tree house. Are
No se quedan quietos por mucho tiempo. you active?
3. Active in English and activo in Spanish are 7. Now let’s say active together three more
cognates. They sound almost the same and times: active, active, active.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 energy

1. Another word in the selection is energy. Say word energy. Look at the buildings on fire.
it with me: energy. Energy is power or force A volcano erupted in this area. When the
to do something. An active volcano has a lot volcano erupted it released so much energy
of energy. When it erupts, it releases so much that it caused this widespread destruction.
energy it can cause a lot of damage. 5. Think about some of the activities you do at
2. En español, energy quiere decir “la fuerza o school and outside of school. Discuss with
el poder para hacer algo, energía.” Un volcán your partner which of these activities require a
activo tiene mucha fuerza. Cuando entra en lot of energy for you to complete.
erupción despide tanta energía que puede 6. Work with your partner to use the word
causar mucho daño. energy in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
3. Energy in English and energía in Spanish are I use a lot of energy .
cognates. They sound almost the same and 7. Now let’s say energy together three more
mean the same thing in both languages. times: energy, energy, energy.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 a chain of
Word 2 pour forth on

Word 1 a chain of
1. In English, we use the phrase a chain of to 4. With your partner, think of groups of things
describe a line of things all in a row. People that come in chains. A group of restaurants or
refer to a chain of mountains when talking hotels that are owned by the same company
about several peaks that are next to each are also called a chain.
other. Neighboring islands may be referred to 5. Now list five different examples of chains.
as a chain. You might also hear about a chain Share your examples with the rest of the class.
of events—several events that occur, one right
after the other. Say it with me: a chain of. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
a chain of, a chain of, a chain of.
2. En español, a chain of quiere decir “cadena;
una sucesión de cosas.” Una cadena de
montañas es una cordillera, muchas montañas
en sucesión. Varias islas seguidas son una
cadena de islas. También puede haber una
cadena de sucesos. Suceden uno tras otro.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase a chain
of. There is a chain of palm trees on the other
side of the lake. See how they grow in a row?
Word 2 pour forth on

1. In English, we use the phrase to pour forth on 4. I am going to tell about several kinds of
to describe what happens when a liquid spills liquids. When I describe something that
over a solid substance. Say it with me: pour pours forth, raise your hands. When I am not
forth on. If you shake a can of soda, when you describing something that pours forth, keep
open it the soda and bubbles will pour forth your hands down.
on the can and into your hands. milk being poured onto cereal
2. En español, pour forth on quiere decir water spouting from an outdoor fountain
“derramarse sobre.” Cuando un líquido cae gasoline being pumped into a car
sobre una superficie, se derrama sobre ella. Si hot fudge sauce being poured over a scoop of
agitas una lata de soda o gaseosa, cuando la ice cream
abras se derramará sobre la lata en sí y sobre juice being poured into a glass
tus manos. 5. Imagine that you are going to pour a liquid
3. This picture illustrates the phrase pour forth over something else. Using the phrase to pour
on. The lava pours forth on the rock after a forth on, describe what happens when you
volcanic eruption. pour.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to pour
forth on, to pour forth on, to pour forth on.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 one atop another
Word 4 constantly
Word 3 one atop another
1. In English, we use the phrase one atop 4. With your partner, think of things that can be
another to describe the way in which things arranged one atop another. Consider things at
are piled on top of each other. A stack of school, as well as things at home.
books are piled one atop another. Say it with 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
me: one atop another. shows the phrase one atop another. Write a
2. En español, one atop another quiere decir sentence using the phrase one atop another
“apilado uno sobre otro.” Varios libros pueden to accompany your drawing.
estar apilados uno sobre el otro. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: one
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase one atop another, one atop another, one atop
atop another. The cars are piled up, one another.
atop another.
Word 4 constantly
1. In English, we use the word constantly 4. I am going to read several sentences. When I
to express the idea that something keeps correctly use the word constantly, raise your
happening. For example, if your little brother hands high. For examples that do not use the
keeps asking you to play with him, he is word correctly, keep your hands down.
constantly nagging you. Say it with me: We constantly eat dinner every night at 6:30.
constantly. The doorbell rang constantly on Halloween
2. En español, constantly quiere decir night.
“constantemente; que persiste.” Por ejemplo, It rained constantly all day yesterday.
si tu hermanito te pide una y otra vez de You did your homework constantly this
seguido que juegues con él, te está pidiendo afternoon.
que juegen constantemente. Your sister is constantly asking for help.
3. This picture illustrates the word constantly. 5. Imagine that there is something that is
The waves are constantly crashing onto the happening without interruption. Tell what is
shore. They never stop breaking. happening. Be sure to use the word constantly
in your description.
6. Repeat the word three times with me:
constantly, constantly, constantly.
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Basic Words
Unit 5 Week 1
crust, plates, lava,
Volcanoes
steam, cinders, ashes
crust plates lava
steam cinders ashes
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 ambitious
Unit 5 Week 2 The Dog of Pompeii
Word 2 drowsy
Key Vocabulary Word 1 ambitious

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 3. Ambitious in English and ambicioso in Spanish
1. One word in the selection is ambitious. are cognates. They sound almost the same
Say it with me: ambitious. Someone who and mean the same thing in both languages.
is ambitious is determined and motivated 4. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the
to achieve a specific goal. My niece is very word ambitious. Look at the boy climbing
ambitious. She wants to go to science camp the rock wall. He is ambitious because he is
this summer. In order to go, she has to make determined to climb to the top of the wall.
very good grades and raise money to help 5. Describe to your partner how you are
pay for the costs. She is working very hard to ambitious. Talk about what you want to
achieve her goal. achieve. Use specific examples and details
2. En español, ambitious quiere decir “motivado to support your ideas.
a lograr un meta, ambicioso.” Mi sobrina 6. Imagine you are working with a group on a
es muy ambiciosa. Quiere ir a un campo de science project. One of your team members is
verano de ciencia. Pero para poder ir tienen not ambitious about successfully completing
que obtener buenas notas y recaudar fondos the project. What could you say and do to
para pagar el precio de la inscripción. Está help them become more ambitious?
trabajando duro para lograrlo.
7. Now let’s say ambitious together three more
times: ambitious, ambitious, ambitious.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 drowsy

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Pretend you are the girl in the picture. Lay
1. Another word in the selection is drowsy. Say your head down and close your eyes. Show me
it with me: drowsy. When you are drowsy you what you look like when you are drowsy.
are sleepy or tired. I get very drowsy when 5. Now let’s pretend we are laying on a couch.
I ride in a car for a long time. Often I get so It’s a cold, rainy day. You are wrapped in a
drowsy I fall asleep. blanket reading a book. You suddenly become
2. En español, drowsy quiere decir “cansado, con drowsy. Show me what you look like.
sueño, somnoliento.” Me pongo somnoliento 6. Now let’s say drowsy together three more
cuando viajo largas distancias en carro. A times: drowsy, drowsy, drowsy.
veces me siento tan somnoliento que me
quedo dormido.
word drowsy. Look at the girl. She laid her
head down and her eyes are closed. The girl is
drowsy. Maybe she stayed up late last night.
Maybe she’s been sick. I think she needs a nap!
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 lounge
Word 4 agonized
Key Vocabulary Word 3 lounge

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are at the beach on a warm,
1. Another word in the selection is lounge. Say summer afternoon. We are lounging in beach
it with me: lounge. To lounge means “to relax chairs. Show me what you would look like as
or lie around.” I like to lounge in the sun all you lounge at the beach.
afternoon. 5. Tell your partner when and where you like to
2. En español, to lounge quiere decir “relajarse, lounge. Show your partner what you look like
holgazanear, pasearse perezosamente.” when you lounge around the house.
Me gusta pasar la tarde holgazaneando y 6. Now let’s say lounge together three more
asoleándome. times: lounge, lounge, lounge.
word lounge. I see a lot of people relaxing and
sitting around. They are lounging. They are
taking a break and relaxing before they start
working again.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 agonized

1. Another word in the selection is agonized. word agonized. Look at the lady. Her hands
Say it with me: agonized. When you have are on the side of her head and it looks like
agonized about something, this means you she is in a lot of pain. She is agonizing from
have suffered or been in great pain. the pain of her headache.
I agonized after I broke my arm. 5. Imagine you have a terrible headache. Show
2. En español, to agonize quiere decir “sufrir, me how you agonize. Now show us how you
aguantar una pena, agonizar.” Agonizé agonize over a broken ankle.
cuando me rompí el brazo. 6. Tell us about a time you have agonized. Show
3. To agonize in English and agonizar in Spanish us how you looked when you agonized. We’ll
are cognates. They sound almost the same agonize with you.
and mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say agonized together three more
times: agonized, agonized, agonized.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 revived
Word 6 dwelling
Key Vocabulary Word 5 revived

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s pretend we are very hot and tired. Now,
1. Another word in the selection is revived. let’s pretend to splash water on our faces to
Say it with me: revived. When someone has revive ourselves. How do you feel now that
been revived this means they are refreshed or you are revived?
renewed. Sometimes people revive themselves 6. Work with your partner to show different
by taking a long nap! ways you can revive yourself. After each
2. En español, to revive quiere decir “reanimar, demonstration tell your partner why this
refrescar, darle nueva vida a algo; revivir.” Hay revived you.
quienes reviven después de una larga siesta. 7. Now let’s say revived together three more
3. To revive in English and revivir in Spanish are times: revived, revived, revived.
word revived. Look at the man. He is splashing
water on his face. He was probably tired after
a long work day. People sometimes revive
themselves by splashing water on their face.
The cold water makes them feel awake and
refreshed.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 dwelling

1. Another word in the selection is dwelling. the word dwelling. Look at all of the houses.
Say it with me: dwelling. A dwelling is a Many different people live in these dwellings.
house or place where people can live. Each 4. Design a dwelling you would like to live in.
of us lives in different kinds of dwellings. Our Draw a picture of the dwelling you would
dwellings include houses, apartments, and design and share it with your partner.
condominiums. 5. Dwellings are made of different materials. For
2. En español, dwelling quiere decir “una casa o example, igloos are made of ice. You and your
un sitio donde se vive, vivienda.” Cada uno de partner have to build a dwelling that is not
nosotros habita una vivienda distinta. Algunos made of wood or bricks. What material would
vivimos en casas, otros en apartamentos y aún you use to build your dwelling? Why?
otros en condominios. 6. Now let’s say dwelling together three more
times: dwelling, dwelling, dwelling.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 pondering
Word 8 vapors
Key Vocabulary Word 7 pondering

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Ponder what you would like to be when
1. Another word in the selection is pondering. you grow up. Tell your partner what you are
Say it with me: pondering. Pondering means pondering about and the ideas you have.
“thinking or wondering about something.” 5. Imagine you and your partner have to plan
In the last activity, you and your partner were a class party. Ponder what activities, games,
pondering what kind of dwelling to build. Last and foods we might have at the party. Use
night I was pondering what to cook for dinner. this sentence frame to share your ideas: We
2. En español, to ponder quiere decir “pensar y are pondering about . We
examinar algo atentamente, considerar.” En will , , and
la actividad pasada, tu pareja y tú tuvieron .
que considerar qué tipo de vivienda querrían 6. Now let’s say pondering together three more
construir. Anoche consideré qué me gustaría times: pondering, pondering, pondering.
cenar.
word pondering. I see a man sitting at his
computer with his hand on his chin. He looks
like he is trying to figure something out. He
is pondering!
Key Vocabulary Word 8 vapors

1. Another word in the selection is vapors. Say the word vapors. Look at the smoke moving
it with me: vapors. Vapors are fog, smoke, or through the air. This is a cloud of smoke vapors.
gases you can see in the air. We saw clouds 5. As an airplane moves through the sky you can
of smoke vapors rising from the burning see smoke vapors in the clouds. Draw a picture
building. Sometimes you can see water vapors, of the smoke vapors you see in the clouds.
or steam, rising from a pot of boiling water. 6. Tell your partner about a time when you have
2. En español, vapors quiere decir “los gases seen vapors rising from something. Was it a
que se ven en el aire, vapores.” El humo y la fire? Was it a pot cooking on the stove? Was
neblina son vapores. Vimos los vapores del it the surface of a pond on a cold morning?
humo subir del edificio incendiado. Cuando Describe what you saw, then complete this
el agua hierve, puedes ver los vapores que se sentence: I saw vapors when .
levantan de la olla. 7. Now let’s say vapors together three more
3. Vapors in English and vapores in Spanish are times: vapors, vapors, vapors.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to mind your own business
Word 2 to scarcely remember

Word 1 to mind your own business
1. In English, we use the phrase to mind your 4. With your partner, discuss situations when
own business to tell someone not to pay you might tell someone to mind their own
attention to what other people are doing business.
or saying. Say it with me: to mind your own 5. Now list all the situations you could think of
business. when you would use the phrase to mind your
2. En español, to mind your own business quiere own business.
decir “ocuparse de sus propios asuntos y no 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
meterse en los ajenos.” mind your own business, to mind your own
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to mind your business, to mind your own business.
own business. The students are taking a test.
Their teacher told them to mind their own
business before they began the test. By saying
that, he emphasized the importance of not
looking at anyone else’s work.
Word 2 to scarcely remember

1. In English, the phrase to scarcely remember 4. I am going to name some events. When I
means to have only a dim memory of tell about something that you can scarcely
something. Say it with me: to scarcely remember, say, “I scarcely remember
remember. You may scarcely remember what that.” When I describe something that you
you did when you were four. It was a long remember clearly, do not say anything.
time ago. what you ate for breakfast this morning
2. En español, to scarcely remember quiere learning how to walk
decir “apenas acordarse.” Tal vez apenas what you did for your birthday last year
te acuerdes de lo que hacías cuando tenías the first time that you rode your bicycle
cuatro años. Fue hace mucho tiempo. what you did on New Year’s Eve in second
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to grade
scarcely remember. Now that you are in sixth 5. Tell about your first day of school. Describe
grade, you can scarcely remember how you what you remember and how you felt. Be sure
celebrated your fifth birthday. to use the phrase to scarcely remember in your
description.
scarcely remember, to scarcely remember, to
scarcely remember.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 half asleep
Word 4 by-play
Word 3 half asleep
1. In English, we use the phrase half asleep to 4. With your partner, discuss how you feel when
describe someone who is almost asleep. Say you are half asleep. For example, you might
it with me: half asleep. Since I was only half talk about how you feel when you are curled
asleep when my sister walked into our room, I up on the sofa, watching a movie late at
woke up immediately. night.
2. En español, half asleep quiere decir “medio 5. Now with your partner, tell each other a story
dormido.” Como sólo estaba medio dormida using the phrase half asleep. Write a sentence
cuando entró mi hermana al cuarto, me using the phrase half asleep to accompany
desperté enseguida. your story.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase half 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: half
asleep. The man’s eyes are barely open. Soon asleep, half asleep, half asleep.
the paper will slip from his fingers as he falls
asleep.
Word 4 by-play
1. In English, we use the word by-play to 4. I am going to describe several scenes. When I
describe an action that is going on in the tell about a scene that illustrates the word
background or to the side of the main action. by-play, raise your hands high. For examples
Say it with me: by-play. that do not show the word, keep your hands
2. En español, by-play quiere decir “algo que está down.
pasando aparte, en el fondo.” No es la acción Three boys are throwing a football in the park.
principal. Two teachers are talking in the back of the
3. This picture illustrates the word by-play. The auditorium while the principal gives a speech.
two girls whispering in the background are A group of kids are sitting in front of the ice
the by-play in this scene. The girl in the front cream store.
is the main action, and the girls behind her are Your aunt and uncle are whispering while the
the by-play. rest of your family is singing “Happy Birthday”
to your father.
5. Imagine that you are going to give an oral
presentation to the class. Tell about an
instance of by-play that might happen during
your presentation.
by-play, by-play, by-play.
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Basic Words
Unit 5 Week 2
chariot, forum, villa,
The Dog of Pompeii
stadium, bazaar, mosaic
chariot forum villa
stadium bazaar mosaic
ROUTINE
299
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 affected
Unit 5 Week 3 The Big One
Word 2 despite
Key Vocabulary Word 1 affected

1. One word in the selection is affected. Say word affected. I see a magnet. (Point to the
it with me: affected. When someone or magnet.) I see pieces of metal moving toward
something has been affected this means the magnet. (Point to the pieces of metal.) The
they have been influenced or changed. The metal is affected by the force of the magnet.
newspaper article I read affected the way I 5. Describe a book you have read that has
feel about taking care of our environment. affected you. Tell your partner how the
2. En español to affect quiere decir “producir characters and events affected you. Share
un efecto o cambio, influenciar, afectar.” your responses with the class.
El artículo que leí en el periódico afectó mi 6. Imagine that a classmate brings a hamster
manera de pensar en el cuidado del medio to show to the class. We suddenly discover
ambiente. the hamster has escaped from the cage. How
3. To affect in English and afectar in Spanish are might this affect the class and the rest of
cognates. They sound almost the same and our day?
mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say affected together three more
times: affected, affected, affected.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 despite

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Pretend we are going on a class picnic at the
1. Another word in the selection is despite. Say it park. Suddenly it starts to rain. Should we still
with me: despite. Despite means “even though go to the park despite the rain? Why or why
or in spite of.” Many people take vacations to not? Use this sentence frame to answer: We
areas where volcanoes are located, despite the should/should not go to the park despite the
danger they face if the volcano erupts. rain because .
2. En español, despite quiere decir “a pesar de.” 5. What if you had won a trip to Hawaii, but
Muchas personas siguen tomando vacaciones scientists were predicting a strong possibility
en lugares donde hay volcanes a pesar del of an earthquake? Would you go, despite the
riesgo de que entren en erupción. possible danger? Why or why not? Talk about
your reasons with your partner.
word despite. I see a volcano. (Point to the 6. Now let’s say despite together three more
volcano.) I also see a lot of homes, businesses, times: despite, despite, despite.
and other buildings. People are living near this
volcano. Many people do choose to live near
volcanoes despite the potential dangers.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 region
Word 4 trigger
Key Vocabulary Word 3 region

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Draw a picture of the region we live in.
1. Another word in the selection is region. Say it Include details that show what our land looks
with me: region. A region is an area of land. like. Share your picture with a partner. Use
Sometimes there are very bad storms in the this sentence frame: The region of land we live
regions of land near the oceans. in has , , and
.
2. En español, region quiere decir “área o zona
de terreno, una región.” Tienden a haber 6. There are different regions of land in the
tormentas muy fuertes en regiones costeras United States. For example, there are ocean
o cercanas al mar. regions, forest regions, and mountainous
regions. What region of land would you like
3. Region in English and región in Spanish are
to live in? Why?
mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say region together three more
times: region, region, region.
word region. This is a region of land near the
ocean. The region of land by the ocean was
heavily damaged by a tsunami, which is a
gigantic, destructive ocean wave. This region
is far away from the region in which we live.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 trigger

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine that the fire alarm rings. Show me
1. Another word in the selection is trigger. Say it what response that sound will trigger.
with me: trigger. Trigger means “to set off or 5. Let’s pretend we are lining up to run a race.
cause something else to happen.” One student You hear the coach blow the whistle. Show
giggling can trigger our whole class to laugh! me what response that sound will trigger.
2. En español, to trigger quiere decir “causar, 6. Now let’s say trigger together three more
provocar.” Normalmente la risa de un times: trigger, trigger, trigger.
estudiante en la clase provoca la risa de todos
los demás.
word trigger. Look at the building and the
road. The building has been severely damaged.
Look at the road. It has a huge split in the
middle and has been pushed into a new place.
This damage was caused by an earthquake.
Earthquakes often trigger the ground to shift
which causes all of this damage.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 undertook
Key Vocabulary Word 5 undertook

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we undertook the job of picking
1. Another word in the selection is undertook. Say up the trash around our school. Show me
it with me: undertook. Undertook means “took what we would do.
on a task; attempted or tried to do something.” 5. Show us a job you would like to undertake.
The substitute undertook the job of teaching Use this sentence frame to tell us about this
you for the day while I was out sick. job: I undertook .
2. En español, to undertake quiere decir 6. Now let’s say undertook together three more
“empezar o intentar hacer algo, emprender.” times: undertook, undertook, undertook.
La profesora suplente emprendió la tarea
de enseñarles el día que falté a clase porque
estaba enferma.
word undertook. Look at the scientist. Point
to the scientist in the photo. She undertook
the job of studying this research to learn
something new. She is working in the lab. She
is proud that she undertook this important
job.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 90 percent of
Word 2 high concentration of

Word 1 90 percent of
1. In English, we use the phrase 90 percent of to 4. With your partner, think of five ways to use
describe something that is almost complete. the phrase 90 percent of. Consider gatherings
Say it with me: 90 percent of. If you have of people at school and in other public places.
eaten all but one bite of your apple, you can 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
say you have eaten about 90 percent of your illustrates the phrase 90 percent of. Write a
apple. sentence that describes what is happening
2. En español, 90 percent of quiere decir “algo in your drawing. Be sure to use the phrase 90
que está casi completo, el 90 porciento.” Si percent of.
te has comido casi toda tu manzana, salvo 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: 90
un último bocado, podrías decir que te has percent of, 90 percent of, 90 percent of.
comido más o menos el 90 porciento de ella.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase 90
percent of. About 90 percent of the field is
filled with wildflowers. If it were completely
filled, you would say that 100 percent of the
field is covered with flowers.
Word 2 high concentration of

1. In English, the phrase high concentration 4. I am going to describe a series of things.
of describes the way in which people are When I tell about something that has a
crowded together. The phrase can also be high concentration, raise your hand. When I
used to describe a high amount of something describe something that does not have a high
in a mix. For example, if you stir too much concentration, keep your hands down.
chocolate into a glass of milk, the milk would a building with 1000 offices
have a high concentration of chocolate. Say it a city street with 50 street vendors
with me: high concentration of. an office building with 25 people in it
2. En español, high concentration of quiere decir a classroom with 15 students
“una concentración elevada de algo.” Se usa a cup of tea with five teaspoons of sugar
para describir una cantidad más grande de lo 5. Give an example of something that has a high
normal que existe de algo en una mezcla. Por concentration of people. Use the phrase high
ejemplo, si le agregas mucho chocolate a la concentration of in your sentence.
leche, la leche tendría una alta concentración
de chocolate. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: high
concentration of, high concentration of, high
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase concentration of.
high concentration of. This city has a high
concentration of cars. The large number
of cars indicates that there is also a high
concentration of people living in this area.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 greatest (most)
Word 4 greatest (best)

Word 3 greatest (most)
1. In English, we use the word greatest to 4. With your partner, think of examples using
describe the largest number of something. For the word greatest to mean “the most.”
example, the greatest number of students at 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
our school brings lunch from home. Say it with shows the word greatest meaning “the most.”
me: greatest. Write a sentence using the word greatest to
2. En español, greatest quiere decir “la mayoría accompany your drawing.
o la parte más grande de algo.” La mayoría 6. Repeat the word three times with me:
de los estudiantes de nuestra escuela trae su greatest, greatest, greatest.
almuerzo de casa.
3. This picture illustrates the word greatest. The
greatest number of flowers in the field are
white.
Word 4 greatest (best)

1. In English, the word greatest is also used to 4. I am going to read a series of sentences. When
describe someone who is the best at what I use the word greatest to mean “best,” raise
they do or something that is the best. For your hands high. For sentences that do not
example, the greatest athletes in the world use the word greatest to mean “best,” keep
compete at the Olympics. Say it with me: your hands down.
greatest. That was the greatest book that I have ever
2. En español, greatest también quiere decir read.
“el mejor.” Los mejores atletas del mundo I had the greatest dream last night.
compiten en las Olimpiadas My friend ate the greatest number of
3. This picture demonstrates the word greatest pancakes.
as it is used to mean “the best.” The girl We saw the greatest paintings at the museum.
receiving the award was voted the greatest Your father pitched the greatest number of
runner at her school. strikes.
5. Tell me about something that you experienced
that was the greatest of all. Be sure to use the
word greatest in your description.
greatest, greatest, greatest.
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Basic Words
Unit 5 Week 3
overturn, collapse, shift,
The Big One
topple, heave, vibrate
overturn collapse shift
topple heave vibrate
ROUTINE
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 affects
Unit 5 Week 4 Icebergs and Glaciers
Word 2 mass
Key Vocabulary Word 1 affects

1. One word in the selection is affects. Say it word affects. Look at the ice moving across the
with me: affects. Affects means “influences water. The temperature is one of the factors
or changes.” The cold weather and lack of that affects how fast or slow ice moves.
sunlight affects the way my rose bushes grow 5. Weather and temperature also affect the way
and bloom. people move. Discuss with your partner how
2. En español, to affect quiere decir “producir you move in different types of weather such
un efecto o cambio, influenciar, afectar.” El as cold, warm, hot, rainy, and sunny. Describe
tiempo frío y nublado afecta el crecimiento how each type of weather affects the way
de los rosales. people move.
3. To affect in English and afectar in Spanish are 6. Music is very powerful. The words of a
cognates. They sound almost the same and song can affect the way you think and feel.
mean the same thing in both languages. Describe how your favorite songs affect your
thoughts, ideas, and feelings.
7. Now let’s say affects together three more
times: affects, affects, affects.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 mass

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Once I saw a huge mass of ants crawling
1. Another word in the selection is mass. Say it on a piece of food on the ground. Tell your
with me: mass. A mass is a large accumulation partner about a time you have seen a huge
or group. The mountain is a huge mass of rocks. mass of something. Describe the mass you saw
using this sentence frame: I saw a mass of
2. En español, mass quiere decir “una
.
acumulación o grupo de cosas, masa.” Una
montaña es una gran masa de piedras. 6. Pretend you are at the beach walking on the
sand dunes. What are sand dunes a huge mass
3. Mass in English and masa in Spanish are
of? Use this sentence frame to answer: The
sand dunes are a huge mass of
.
7. Now let’s say mass together three more times:
word mass. Look at the iceberg. It is a huge
mass, mass, mass.
mass of ice that floats in the ocean. The part
of the iceberg we see in the picture is only
about one tenth of the total mass of the
iceberg. Most of the iceberg is under water!
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 collision
Word 4 transported
Key Vocabulary Word 3 collision

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s pretend we are the soccer players. Let’s
1. Another word in the selection is collision. Say jump up to get the ball. Imagine another
it with me: collision. A collision is when two player is trying to get the ball as well. Oh no,
things crash into each other. Two students we have a collision!
on the playground ran right into each other 6. Now let’s pretend we are an iceberg moving
yesterday! The students were in a collision. through the ocean. We are moving very fast
2. En español, collision quiere decir “el choque and cannot stop. Look ahead! I see another
entre dos cosas, colisión.” Dos estudiantes se iceberg right in front of us. There is no time to
toparon cuando jugaban en el parque ayer. move. Crash! We have a collision.
Los estudiantes tuvieron una colisión. 7. Now let’s say collision together three more
3. Collision English and colisión in Spanish are times: collision, collision, collision.
word collision. I see two soccer players. They
are both trying to get the ball. They run into
each other and have a collision. I bet that
collision hurt!
Key Vocabulary Word 4 transported

1. Another word in the selection is transported. the word transported. Look at the ship. I see
Say it with me: transported. When something freight or goods being carried on the ship. The
has been transported it has been moved ship transported the goods from one place to
from one place to another. The librarian the next.
transported the books from our classroom 5. Imagine we have to move all of the
back to the library. belongings in our class to a new classroom.
2. En español, to transport quiere decir What could we use to transport all of the
“mover de un sitio a otro, transportar.” La items? Use this sentence frame to share
bibliotecaria transporta los libros de nuestra your ideas: We can transport all of the items
clase a la biblioteca. .
3. To transport in English and transportar in 6. Tell about a time you have transported
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost something from one place to another.
the same and mean the same thing in both Describe what you transported and how you
languages. transported this item.
7. Now let’s say transported together three more
times: transported, transported, transported.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 aerial
Word 6 established
Key Vocabulary Word 5 aerial

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 5. Pretend you are standing in front of our
1. Another word in the selection is aerial. Say school. Draw a picture of what you see. Now
it with me: aerial. Aerial means “something imagine you are in an airplane high in the air
that is done in the air or above ground.” Many flying over our school. Draw an aerial picture
photographers like to take aerial pictures to of what our school looks like. Share your
show how things look from high in the sky. completed pictures with your partner.
2. En español, aerial quiere decir “algo que se 6. Work with your partner to talk about how
hace en el aire, aéreo.” A muchos fotógrafos your aerial pictures look different from your
les gusta tomar fotos aéreas que muestran picture that was drawn while you were
cómo se ven las cosas desde el aire. standing on the ground. Use this sentence
frame to answer: The aerial pictures look
3. Aerial in English and aéreo in Spanish are
different .
mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say aerial together three more times:
aerial, aerial, aerial.
word aerial. Look at the glaciers. This aerial
photo was taken from someone high in the
air, probably from an airplane or helicopter.
The photo gives us a new and different way to
see glaciers.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 established

1. Another word in the selection is established. word established. I see a boat. “U.S. Coast
Say it with me: established. When something Guard” is written on the side of the boat. The
has been established it has been founded, government established or founded the Coast
created, or started. On the first day of school Guard to protect the nation’s waters.
we established rules to follow in the class. 5. Discuss with your partner why you think
2. En español, to establish quiere decir “fundar, schools were established. Use this sentence
empezar, crear; establecer.” Establecimos las frame to answer: Schools were established
reglas de la clase al principio del año. .
3. To establish in English and establecer in 6. Pretend you and your partner have to
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost establish an organization that will help keep
the same and mean the same thing in both students your age safe at school. Share your
languages. plan for the organization and how you plan to
establish the group.
7. Now let’s say established together three more
times: established, established, established.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 methods
Word 8 century
Key Vocabulary Word 7 methods

1. Another word in the selection is methods. the word methods. I see a lady working in a
Say it with me: methods. Methods are certain field. She is a scientist. Her piece of equipment
ways of doing something. We can use many is called a transit. This helps her see and
different methods when trying to solve one measure things far away. She is taking notes
math problem. about what she sees and learns. Scientists use
many methods such as surveying with a transit
2. En español, methods quiere decir “las maneras
when studying things.
de hacer algo, los métodos.” Se pueden
usar métodos distintos para solucionar un 5. Pretend you and a friend find a hurt animal
problema matemático. while walking in the woods. Discuss some of
the different methods you could use to try
3. Methods in English and métodos in Spanish
and help the animal.
and mean the same thing in both languages. 6. Think about your favorite wild animal.
Imagine you are a scientist studying this
wild animal. Describe the different methods
you could use to learn new things about the
animal.
7. Now let’s say methods together three more
times: methods, methods, methods.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 century

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 4. A hundred years ago there were no
1. Another word in the selection is century. Say computers, televisions, or CD players. Talk
it with me: century. A century is a period of about how the technology we use today
100 years. Some schools in California are over a might be different from the technology used a
century old! century ago.
2. En español, century quiere decir “un período 5. Imagine what our city will look like in a
de 100 años, un siglo.” ¡Algunos colegios en century. What will be the same? What will be
California fueron construidos hace más de different? Draw a picture of what you think
un siglo! our city will look like in a century. Use this
sentence frame to share your picture: In a
century, our city will .
the word century. This is the ice cap of
Kilimanjaro. This ice cap has existed for 6. Now let’s say century together three more
centuries or hundreds of years. times: century, century, century.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 as years go by
Word 2 nowadays
Word 1 as years go by
1. In English, we use the phrase as years go by to 4. With your partner, discuss how things have
describe the passing of time. Things change as changed in your life as the years have gone by.
the years go by. Say it with me: as years go by. 5. Now imagine how things might change as
2. En español, as years go by quiere decir “al you grow up. Think about future inventions
pasar de los años.” Las cosas cambian con el that might change your life. Be sure to use the
pasar de los años. phrase as years go by in your conversation.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase as years 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: as
go by. As the years go by, this abandoned years go by, as years go by, as years go by.
farm becomes more run-down.
Word 2 nowadays
1. In English, we use the word nowadays to refer 4. I am going to name some things that people
to the way things happen now as compared do. When I name something that takes
with the way they happened in the past. place now, say “nowadays.” When I name
Nowadays, people take their cell phones something that people did in the past, don’t
everywhere, but not so long ago, no one had say anything.
a cell phone. watch television shows in black and white
2. En español, nowadays quiere decir “hoy en listen to music on headphones
día.” Hoy en día, nadie puede estar sin su do your homework on a computer
teléfono móvil, pero hace poco nadie tenía use telephone booths to make phone calls
uno. send text messages on your cell phone
3. This picture demonstrates the word nowadays. pay fifty cents for a candy bar
The students are working on computers. If 5. Tell me three things that you can do
you compare the way kids learn today with nowadays that your parents could not do
the way they learned in the past, you could when they were your age.
say that nowadays, they use computers in the 6. Repeat the word three times with me:
classroom. nowadays, nowadays, nowadays.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 underwater
Word 4 above water

Word 3 underwater
1. In English, we use the word underwater to 4. With your partner, think of things that live
describe something below the surface of underwater. Try to make a list of ten different
the water. There are many different forms things. Consider not only fish, but also plants
of life that live underwater. Say it with me: and other marine creatures.
underwater. 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing
2. En español, underwater quiere decir “bajo that illustrates the word underwater. Write
agua.” Hay mucha vida bajo el agua. a sentence using the word underwater to
3. This picture demonstrates the word accompany your drawing.
underwater. The diver is exploring the coral 6. Repeat the word three times with me:
reef underwater. She may stay underwater for underwater, underwater, underwater.
an hour while exploring the beautiful coral
and fish.
Word 4 above water

1. In English, we use the phrase above water to 4. I am going to describe several scenes. When
describe something that takes place on top I describe something that takes place above
of the water. Ducks and geese paddle above water, raise your hands high. For examples
water. that do not illustrate the phrase, keep your
2. En español, above water quiere decir “sobre el hands down.
agua.” Los patos y los gansos nadan sobre el A sailboat glides across the smooth water.
agua. Several underwater divers search for treasure
3. This picture illustrates the phrase above water. in a sunken ship.
The boater is rowing above water. A school of dolphins swims close to shore.
A submarine roves through the deep, dark
waters.
Two kayakers race across the ocean.
5. Give me another example of something that
takes place above water. Use the phrase above
water as you share your example with the
class.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: above
water, above water, above water.
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Basic Words
Unit 5 Week 4
snowline, ridge, melt water,
Icebergs and Glaciers
ice cap, avalanche, ice age
snowline ridge melt water
ice cap avalanche ice age
ROUTINE
325
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(bl) © Robert Estall photo agency/Alamy Images. (bm) © Karl Maret/Corbis. (br) © Anthony Ise/Photodisc/Getty Images.
Key Vocabulary Word 1 clockwise
Unit 5 Week 5 Exploring the Titanic
Word 2 hovering
Key Vocabulary Word 1 clockwise

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are a clock. Our arms will
1. One word in the selection is clockwise. Say be the hands of the clock. Put your arms in
it with me: clockwise. Clockwise means “a the air. Now let’s move our clock hands in a
circular movement to the right like the hands clockwise direction. Did we move our clock
of a clock.” The hands on my watch move in hands to the right or to the left?
a clockwise direction. To tighten the screw, 5. Let’s sit in a circle. We are going to pass
I used the screwdriver to turn it clockwise a this book all the way around the circle in a
few times. clockwise direction. Will we pass the book to
2. En español, clockwise quiere decir the left or to the right? How do you know the
“movimiento circular en la dirección de las book moved in a clockwise direction?
agujas de un reloj.” Apreté el tornillo dándole 6. Now let’s say clockwise together three more
varias vueltas en el sentido de las agujas del times: clockwise, clockwise, clockwise.
reloj con mi destornillador.
word clockwise. Look at the clock. Now look
at the hands of the clock. As time passes they
move clockwise, or to the right, around
the clock.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 hovering

1. Another word in the selection is hovering. word hovering. Look at the helicopter. It is in
Say it with me: hovering. Hovering means the air but it is not moving. It is hovering over
“to be balanced or suspended in the air.” If the land. It is staying still in the air, in one place.
something is hovering, it is floating in the air 4. Pretend that you are a bird. Show me how you
in one place, rather than flying across the sky. would hover over your nest.
I saw a hummingbird hovering near a flower 5. Work with your partner to talk about the
in my garden. picture. Why do you think the helicopter is
2. En español, to hover quiere decir “mantenerse hovering? How do you think the helicopter is
suspendido en el aire.” Se dice “cernerse” si able to hover?
un ave se mantiene suspendida. Ví a un colibrí 6. Now let’s say hovering together three more
cernerse sobre una flor en mi jardín. times: hovering, hovering, hovering.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 interior
Word 4 formations
Key Vocabulary Word 3 interior

1. Another word in the selection is interior. Say word interior. This is the interior of a ship’s
it with me: interior. Interior means “the inside control room. I see the pilot and maps that
of something.” You will usually find students, help him plot the ship’s course. The pilot is
books, desks, and computers in the interior of standing in the interior, using binoculars to
a school. look outside. I can also see outside of the ship
from the interior.
2. En español, interior quiere decir “la parte de
adentro de una cosa, su interior.” En el interior 5. Draw a picture of the interior of our
de nuestra escuela encontrarás estudiantes, classroom. Use this sentence frame to share
libros, escritorios y computadores. your picture: The interior of my classroom
.
3. Interior in English and interior in Spanish are
cognates. They sound almost the same and 6. Think about a place you like to go. Describe
mean the same thing in both languages. the interior of this place to your partner.
Use this sentence frame: The interior
of has ,
, and .
7. Now let’s say interior together three more
times: interior, interior, interior.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 formations

1. Another word in the selection is formations. the word formations. Look at these amazing
Say it with me: formations. Formations are structures. The rocks have created lines and
structures or shapes that have been formed shapes. These are rock formations. These
or created. The beautiful cloud formations formations were formed by nature, not
looked like animals! by humans.
2. En español, formations quiere decir 5. Imagine you are laying in the grass on a
“estructuras o figuras que han sido creadas, warm, sunny day. The blue sky is filled with
formaciones.” ¡Las formaciones de nubes cloud formations. Draw a picture of the cloud
parecían animales! formations you see. Describe your cloud
formations to your partner.
3. Formations in English and formaciones in
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 6. You and your partner have to design a
the same and mean the same thing in both formation using every student in our class.
languages. What would your student formation look like?
Using stick figures, draw a picture of your
student formation.
7. Now let’s say formations together three more
times: formations, formations, formations.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 intact
Word 6 severed
Key Vocabulary Word 5 intact

1. Another word in the selection is intact. Say word intact. Look at the cruise ship. The ship
it with me: intact. Something that is intact is is whole and not damaged. It is intact. It has
whole and is not damaged or broken. I put a not struck an iceberg!
book cover on my textbook at the beginning 5. Work with your partner to talk about things in
of the year to protect it from any damage. My our classroom that are intact. Use this sentence
book is still intact. frame: , , and
2. En español, intact quiere decir “que no ha are intact.
sido tocado, que no ha sido dañado ni roto, 6. Think about your favorite toys or games. Do
intacto.” Le coloqué una sobrecubierta a mi these toys or games have to be intact to play
libro al principio del año para protegerlo. Mi with? Why or why not?
libro sigue intacto. 7. Now let’s say intact together three more
3. Intact in English and intacto in Spanish are times: intact, intact, intact.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 severed

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. You cannot eat the skin of a pineapple. You
1. Another word in the selection is severed. Say have to sever a pineapple before eating it.
it with me: severed. Severed means “cut or What other foods must be severed before
separated a part from a whole.” We severed a you can eat them? Why must these foods be
few slices from the whole orange to eat. severed?
2. En español, to sever quiere decir “cortar o 5. Imagine you were playing outside and saw
separar algo de un conjunto o de algo que your little sister’s favorite stuffed animal with
estaba entero.” Separamos algunos cascos de a severed leg. What could you do? How could
la naranja para comerlos. you fix the stuffed animal’s severed leg?
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the 6. Now let’s say severed together three more
word severed. I see two parts of a pineapple. times: severed, severed, severed.
I also see a knife. Someone used the knife and
severed the pineapple.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 wreckage
Word 8 emerged
Key Vocabulary Word 7 wreckage

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Pretend you are exploring the ocean and
1. Another word in the selection is wreckage. discover a ship’s wreckage. Draw a picture of
Say it with me: wreckage. A wreckage is what the wreckage and everything you find.
is left after a wreck. The undersea explorers 5. Describe your ship’s wreckage to a partner.
found jewels in the ship’s wreckage. Include details that tell what you found. Use
2. En español, wreckage quiere decir “los this sentence frame: I found
restos que quedan de un naufragio.” Los and in the ship’s wreckage.
exploradores encontraron joyas en los restos 6. Now let’s say wreckage together three more
del barco naufragado. times: wreckage, wreckage, wreckage.
word wreckage. I see a ship on the bottom of
the ocean. The ship wrecked and then sank to
the ocean floor. This is the ship’s wreckage.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 emerged

1. Another word in the selection is emerged. Say word emerged. I see a fox. It is coming out of
it with me: emerged. Emerged means “came its den, or hole. Maybe the fox emerged from
out.” After taking tests all day, we finally its den in search of food.
emerged from the classroom. It felt good to 5. Bears hibernate or sleep all winter. Let’s
come out into the sunlight! pretend we are bears. Spring has finally
2. En español, to emerge quiere decir “salir arrived. Let’s wake up, stretch, and emerge
o surgir, emerger.” Después de presentar from our caves!
exámenes todo el día emergimos del salón 6. Now let’s pretend we have been asleep in our
de clase. ¡Se sintió riquísimo salir al sol! beds all night long. We hear someone calling
3. To emerge in English and emerger in Spanish us for breakfast! Let’s get out of bed and
are cognates. They sound almost the same emerge from our bedroom.
and mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say emerged together three more
times: emerged, emerged, emerged.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to give way
Word 2 my heart dropped

Word 1 to give way
1. In English, we use the phrase to give way to 4. With your partner, think of examples of things
describe the way in which something weakens that can give way. Consider all kinds of things
to the point of collapse. Sometimes an old that buckle under pressure.
bridge gives way, and then it remains closed 5. Now make a list all of the things that you can
down while being repaired. Say it with me: to think of. Share your list with the rest of the
give way. group.
2. En español, to give way quiere decir 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
“derrumbarse.” A veces un puente se give way, to give way, to give way.
derrumba y está fuera de servicio mientras lo
reparan.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to give way.
The land gives way as a result of a natural
disaster, such as a flood or earthquake.
Word 2 my heart dropped

1. In English, the phrase my heart dropped is 4. I am going to describe some events. When I
used to describe how people feel when they tell about something that makes your heart
face a very sad situation. Say it with me: my drop, put your hand on your heart. When I
heart dropped. describe something that does not make you
2. En español, my heart dropped quiere decir sad, keep your hands down.
“se me parte el corazón.” Así dice la gente You watch a beautiful sunset.
cuando está muy triste. A flood ruins your mother’s collection of rare
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase my heart books.
dropped. The man is feeling tremendous Your cat has been missing for a week.
sadness after returning home. There may You go to the movies with a group of friends.
have been an earthquake or fire or flood, and You learn that your best friend is moving far
many of his belongings were ruined. When he away.
came home and saw what was left, his heart You discover that someone broke into your
dropped. house and stole the television and other
valuables.
5. Tell me about a scene from a book or movie
that made your heart drop. Use the phrase my
heart dropped as you share your description.
my heart dropped, my heart dropped, my
heart dropped.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 not going anywhere
Word 4 to lift off

Word 3 not going anywhere
1. In English, we use the phrase not going 4. With your partner, think of situations in
anywhere to describe what happens when which you would use the phrase not going
conditions cause people to be stuck. Say it anywhere. For example, you might consider
with me: not going anywhere. various weather conditions that make it
2. En español, not going anywhere quiere decir impossible to get out. Or you might think
“estancado.” Así se dice cuando se detiene el about things that can go wrong when you
curso de una cosa. travel in a car or other vehicle.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase not 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing
going anywhere. The car is buried in snow, that shows the phrase not going anywhere.
and its owner will not be going anywhere for Write a sentence using the phrase not going
a while. anywhere to accompany your drawing.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: not
going anywhere, not going anywhere, not
going anywhere.
Word 4 to lift off

1. In English, we use the phrase to lift off to 4. I am going to name some events. When I
describe what happens when an aircraft describe an event that is an example of the
leaves the ground. For example, when a space phrase to lift off, raise your hands high. For
shuttle prepares to launch, news reporters examples that do not illustrate the phrase,
describe what happens before, during, and keep your hands down.
after it lifts off. Say it with me: to lift off. A flock of birds flies off after perching on a
2. En español, to lift off quiere decir “despegar.” rooftop.
Eso hace un avión o nave espacial cuando A speedboat races through the water.
se separa de la pista en donde está posado. A helicopter takes off from the top of a city
Cuando un transbordador espacial se prepara skyscraper.
para despegar, los noticieros describen cada A school bus takes the ice hockey team to a
etapa de este importante evento. game.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to lift An airplane leaves the ground with a full load
off. The hot air balloons are in the process of of passengers.
lifting off. After they lift off, they will fly high 5. Now think of five more examples of things
in the air. that lift off. Be sure to use the phrase to lift
off as you share your description with me.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to lift
off, to lift off, to lift off.
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Basic Words
Unit 5 Week 5
submarine, porthole, hull,
Exploring the Titanic
stern, rudder, propeller
submarine porthole hull
stern rudder propeller
ROUTINE
339
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 abruptly
Unit 6 Week 1 The Summer of the Swans
Word 2 anxiety
Key Vocabulary Word 1 abruptly

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are driving down this road.
1. One word in the selection is abruptly. Put your hands on the steering wheel. Oh
Say it with me: abruptly. Abruptly means my! Here comes a very sharp curve. We have
“something happens or is done very suddenly to move quickly because the road curves
and unexpectedly.” My mom abruptly put on abruptly!
the brakes to stop at the red light. 5. Show us how you might move abruptly. Now
2. En español, abruptly quiere decir “que ocurre tell us what made you move abruptly.
de repente e inesperadamente, súbitamente.” 6. Now let’s say abruptly together three more
Mi mamá frenó súbitamente para parar en el times: abruptly, abruptly, abruptly.
semáforo rojo.
word abruptly. Wow! Look at this road. It has
a lot of sudden, sharp curves. You would have
to pay very careful attention driving because
this road curves abruptly.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 anxiety

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk about what might be happening to cause
1. Another word in the selection is anxiety. Say anxiety for the man and girl in the car. Use
it with me: anxiety. Anxiety means “worry, this sentence frame: caused anxiety
concern, or nervousness.” Performing in the for the people in the car.
school play caused anxiety for many students. 6. Imagine there was a new student in our
2. En español, anxiety quiere decir “preocupación, class. Moving to a new place, going to a new
inquietud, nerviosismo; ansiedad.” Tener que school, and trying to meet new friends caused
actuar en la obra de teatro del colegio le anxiety for the student. What might you do
causó ansiedad a muchos estudiantes. to make him or her feel less anxiety about the
situation?
3. Anxiety in English and ansiedad in Spanish are
cognates. They sound almost the same and 7. Now let’s say anxiety together three more
mean the same thing in both languages. times: anxiety, anxiety, anxiety.
word anxiety. Look at the girl and the man.
They look very nervous. The girl is tightly
holding the steering wheel. The man is tightly
holding his clipboard. Something has caused
anxiety for the man and the girl. I think the
girl is a student driver. Maybe she’s feeling
anxiety about learning to drive!
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 conscious
Word 4 intersection
Key Vocabulary Word 3 conscious

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Show your partner how you look when you
1. Another word in the selection is conscious. are conscious. What are you thinking about?
Say it with me: conscious. To be conscious What are you aware of? What are you
means “to be thoughtful and aware of your conscious of?
surroundings.” We were all very conscious of 6. Talk with your partner about these questions.
the beautiful geese flying through the air. Why is it important to be conscious when you
2. En español, conscious quiere decir “alerta de are riding your bike? Why is it important to be
su entorno, consciente.” Fuimos conscientes conscious when you are taking a test? Why
del vuelo de los bellos gansos que pasaban is it important to be conscious when you are
por el cielo. reading a book?
3. Conscious in English and consciente in Spanish 7. Now let’s say conscious together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: conscious, conscious, conscious.
word conscious. Look at the young girl. She
is outside, observing everything around her.
She is thoughtful and aware. The young girl is
conscious of her surroundings!
Key Vocabulary Word 4 intersection

1. Another word in the selection is intersection. word intersection. Look at this intersection.
Say it with me: intersection. An intersection (Point to the intersection.) There are four
is a place where two or more roads meet. My different roads that cross at this intersection.
favorite store is at the intersection of Central This looks like a busy intersection!
Avenue and Main Street. 5. Imagine you are walking or riding your bike
2. En español, intersection quiere decir “el on one of the roads in the picture. What
lugar donde dos o más calles se encuentran, would you need to do when you came to the
intersección.” Mi almacén preferido queda intersection? Why?
en la intersección de la Avenida Central y la 6. Draw a picture of the intersection that is
Calle Main. closest to our school. Share your picture with
3. Intersection in English and intersección in your partner.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say intersection together three more
the same and mean the same thing in both times: intersection, intersection, intersection.
languages.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 engulf
Word 6 procedure
Key Vocabulary Word 5 engulf

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to talk about how the
1. Another word in the selection is engulf. picture illustrates the word engulf. (The water
Say it with me: engulf. To engulf means to covers every part of the ground we can see in
“surround or take over.” The overflowing the picture.)
rivers engulfed many small towns around it. 5. Imagine we planted flowers outside on the
2. En español, to engulf quiere decir “rodear y playground. So many flowers grew they
dominar, absorber, tragarse.” Las aguas de los began to engulf our playground. Draw a
ríos desbordados se tragaron los pueblos a sus picture to show how the flowers engulfed
alrededores. the playground. Share your picture with your
partner.
word engulf. Look at this town. It is flooded 6. Now let’s say engulf together three more
with water from a nearby river. The waters times: engulf, engulf, engulf.
engulf the town. They cover every part of it.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 procedure

1. Another word in the selection is procedure. the word procedure. I see students in their
Say it with me: procedure. A procedure is a classroom. The students are raising their
method or particular way of doing something. hands. They are following their classroom
When we go to the library we follow the procedure to ask or answer questions.
librarian’s procedure for checking out books. 5. Make a list of all the procedures we follow
2. En español procedure quiere decir “método in our classroom. Why do we follow these
particular para hacer algo, procedimiento.” procedures?
Cuando vamos a la biblioteca, seguimos el 6. Imagine we have a new student in our class
procedimiento que nos da la bibliotecaria para who does not know the procedure for getting
sacar libros. lunch in the cafeteria. Explain each step of
3. Procedure in English and procedimiento in this procedure.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say procedure together three more
the same and mean the same thing in both times: procedure, procedure, procedure.
languages.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 souvenir
Word 8 cascade
Key Vocabulary Word 7 souvenir

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you took a trip to New York City.
1. Another word in the selection is souvenir. Say What kind of souvenir would you bring home
it with me: souvenir. A souvenir is a small item from your trip? Why?
that is given, kept, or purchased as a reminder 5. Think about a school field trip or family
of a place visited. I got seashells as souvenirs vacation you have taken. Where did you go?
from my trip to the beach. What souvenir did you bring back? How will
2. En español, souvenir quiere decir “un objeto this souvenir help you remember your field
que se da, guarda o compra como un recuerdo trip?
de una visita a un lugar, un recuerdo o 6. Now let’s say souvenir together three more
souvenir.” Recogí conchas y las llevé como times: souvenir, souvenir, souvenir.
un recuerdo o souvenir de nuestro paseo a
la playa.
word souvenir. I see a small, gold Statue of
Liberty. This is a souvenir from New York City.
Someone probably bought this so they could
remember a visit to New York and the Statue
of Liberty.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 cascade

1. Another word in the selection is cascade. Say word cascade. I see a cascade of waterfalls
it with me: cascade. A cascade is a series of coming down the mountain. Each little
small waterfalls. A cascade of waterfalls came waterfall flows into another little waterfall all
down the steep, rocky mountain. the way down the mountain.
2. En español, cascade quiere decir “un grupo 5. Draw a picture of a cascade of waterfalls.
de caídas de agua pequeñas, cascada.” Una Share your completed picture with your
cascada se precitaba por la montaña alta partner.
y rocosa. 6. Use this sentence frame to talk about your
3. Cascade in English and cascada in Spanish are picture: This cascade flowed .
cognates. They sound almost the same and 7. Now let’s say cascade together three more
mean the same thing in both languages. times: cascade, cascade, cascade.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to make it
Word 2 to start after

Word 1 to make it
1. In English, we use the phrase to make it to 4. With your partner, pretend that you have an
describe the way someone reaches a goal important deadline tomorrow. Maybe you
or milestone. When you graduate from high have to hand in an important paper or give a
school, people will say that they knew that presentation. Tell your partner what you are
you would make it. Say it with me: to make it. going to do to meet your deadline. Use the
2. En español, to make it quiere decir “lograrlo; phrase to make it in your description.
alcanzar una meta.” Cuando te gradúes de 5. Now with your partner, make up a story about
bachillerato, todo mundo te dirá, “Yo sabía someone who has set a goal and reached
que lo lograrías.” it. Decide on the goal, and discuss the steps
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to make needed to achieve it. Be sure to use the phrase
it. The girl has won the race. She had hoped to make it at some point in your story.
that she would make it, and now she is proud 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
that she has reached her goal. make it, to make it, to make it.
Word 2 to start after

1. In English, we use the phrase to start after to 4. I am going to describe some actions. When
describe people following others or running I tell about someone starting after someone
to catch up with others. When you grab else, say “start after.” When I tell about
something from a friend, she will start after someone who is not starting after someone
you to get it back. Say it with me: to start else, don’t say anything.
after. A man runs after a robber who stole his wallet.
2. En español, to start after quiere decir A boy plays basketball with a group of neigh-
“perseguir.” Si le arrebatas algo a una amiga, borhood friends.
ella te perseguirá hasta recuperar lo que le You chase after the bus that is pulling away
quitaste. from the bus stop.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to start Your sister plays board games with her friend.
after. The rugby player in the black shirt A woman runs after a taxicab on a city street.
with the red stripe is starting after the player 5. Tell me about a time when you started after
holding the ball. someone or something. Think about an
incident in which you had to act quickly to get
something done or get someone’s attention.
When you describe your experience, make
sure you use the phrase to start after.
to start after, to start after, to start after.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 to follow with one’s eyes
Word 4 to believe one’s ears

Word 3 to follow with one’s eyes
1. In English, we use the phrase to follow with 4. Imagine that you are at a sporting event
one’s eyes to describe the way someone and you are following something with your
watches something carefully. While watching eyes. If you don’t follow with your eyes, you
a basketball game, you follow the action with won’t know what is going on in the game.
your eyes so that you don’t miss anything Take turns telling each other what you are
important. Say it with me: to follow with one’s following with your eyes. Complete the
eyes. sentence: I am following with
2. En español, to follow with one’s eyes quiere my eyes.
decir “seguir con los ojos; mirar con cuidado.” 5. Look around the classroom, and choose
En un partido de baloncesto, sigues a los one thing to focus your gaze on. Have your
jugadores con los ojos para no perderte nada. partner watch you closely. Then your partner
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to follow will complete the sentence: I followed you
with one’s eyes. The man in the car is on a with my eyes, and I saw you looking at
safari. He follows the elephant with his eyes .
while waiting and watching patiently. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
follow with one’s eyes, to follow with one’s
eyes, to follow with one’s eyes.
Word 4 to believe one’s ears

1. In English, we use the phrase to believe one’s 4. I am going to read several sentences. When I
ears to express the idea that people question describe something that you cannot believe,
something that they hear. If a friend tells you say, “I can’t believe my ears.” When I say
something that you question, you might say something that you can believe, don’t say
that you don’t believe your ears. Say it with anything.
me: to believe one’s ears. My sister reads twenty books every day.
2. En español, to believe one’s ears quiere decir The owner of the bowling alley is a kind man.
“creer lo que mis oídos escuchan”. Si un amigo Our principal makes announcements every
te dice algo, y tú lo dudas, puedes decir que morning.
no puedes creer lo que tus oídos escuchan. My dentist removes a thousand teeth every
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to day.
believe one’s ears. The man is whispering That new singer is giving a concert next week.
something that shocks the woman. She 5. Make up a situation that you can or cannot
cannot believe her ears. believe. For example, you might imagine that
you have read something in the newspaper
or heard something on the radio or at school.
Make up a sentence using the phrase to
believe one’s ears. Share your sentence with
the group.
believe one’s ears, to believe one’s ears, to
believe one’s ears.
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Basic Words
Unit 6 Week 1
boulder, ravine, valley,
The Summer of the Swans
bank, treetops, slope
boulder ravine valley
bank treetops slope
ROUTINE
353
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(bl) © Stockbyte/Getty Images. (bm) © Bruce Heinemann/Stockbyte/Getty Images. (br) © Stockbyte/Getty Images.
Key Vocabulary Word 1 speculated
Unit 6 Week 2 Interrupted Journey: Saving Endangered Sea Turtles
Word 2 conserve
Key Vocabulary Word 1 speculated

1. One word in the selection is speculated. word speculated. Look at the scientist. She
Say it with me: speculated. When you have speculates about a scientific theory, and then
speculated you have thought about something she performs an experiment to test her ideas.
very carefully. We speculated about why our She thinks carefully or speculates about her
experiment had the result it did. work as she performs her duties.
2. En español, to speculate quiere decir “pensar 5. Speculate with your partner about why our
en algo atentamente, reflexionar, especular.” school was built on this property and not
Especulamos por qué nuestro experimento somewhere else in town. Share your ideas
tuvo ese resultado. with the class.
3. To speculate in English and especular in 6. Speculate with your partner about what you
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost think travel will be like one hundred years
the same and mean the same thing in both from now. Then draw a picture to illustrate
languages. your speculations. Complete this sentence at
the bottom of your drawing: We speculate
that in 100 years, travel will .
7. Now let’s say speculated together three more
times: speculated, speculated, speculated.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 conserve

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about what we can
1. Another word in the selection is conserve. Say do at school to conserve electricity. Draw a
it with me: conserve. To conserve means “to picture to illustrate your ideas.
save.” We conserve electricity by turning the 5. Discuss why you think it is important to
lights off when we leave our classroom. We conserve our natural resources such as water,
conserve water by turning off the faucet while electricity, and trees. Use this sentence frame:
brushing our teeth. It is important to conserve natural resources
2. En español, to conserve quiere decir “no because .
gastar de una manera excesiva, ahorrar.” 6. Now let’s say conserve together three more
Ahorramos luz cuando apagamos todas las times: conserve, conserve, conserve.
luces del salón de clases. Ahorramos agua
cuando cerramos la llave mientras nos lavamos
los dientes.
word conserve. Someone is turning a light
switch off. By turning off lights that are not
being used, we can conserve electricity.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 analyzing
Word 4 vital
Key Vocabulary Word 3 analyzing

1. Another word in the selection is analyzing. Say the word analyzing. Look at the doctor. He is
it with me: analyzing. When you are analyzing studying his data very carefully. He is analyzing
something you study it very carefully. You the data to learn new information. He will use
look carefully at all its parts and details in the information he learns from these pictures
order to draw a conclusion or learn something to make a diagnosis for his patient.
new. Scientists spend time analyzing weather 5. Choose an everyday object in the classroom,
patterns so they can make predictions about like a tissue, an eraser, or a piece of chalk.
future weather. With your partner, analyze this object very
2. En español, to analyze quiere decir “estudiar carefully. What is it made of? What is it used
algo cuidadosamente, analizar.” Cuando for? How could this object be improved?
analizas algo, miras detalladamente todas sus When you have finished analyzing your
partes y rasgos. Los científicos pasan tiempo object, share your observations with the class.
analizando los patrones meteorológicos para 6. Imagine you could analyze, or study carefully,
poder predecir el clima futuro. any animal in the world. What animal would
3. To analyze in English and analizar in Spanish you choose to analyze and why?
are cognates. They sound almost the same 7. Now let’s say analyzing together three more
and mean the same thing in both languages. times: analyzing, analyzing, analyzing.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 vital

1. Another word in the selection is vital. Say word vital. Look at the doctor. She is using a
it with me: vital. Something that is vital is stethoscope to listen to her patient’s heartbeat.
necessary to live. Water, food, and air are all Your heart is a vital organ in your body.
vital for people to live. 5. Talk with your partner about the things that
2. En español, vital quiere decir “necesario para are vital for people to have in order to live.
vivir, vital.” Suficiente agua, comida y aire son Share your ideas with the class.
las necesidades vitales de todas las personas. 6. Make a list with your partner of things that are
3. Vital in English and vital in Spanish are vital to making our school run properly. These
cognates. They sound almost the same and vital things can include people, places, and
mean the same thing in both languages. activities. Share your list with another pair.
7. Now let’s say vital together three more times:
vital, vital, vital.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 propelled
Word 6 sedated
Key Vocabulary Word 5 propelled

1. Another word in the selection is propelled. word propelled. Look at the sea turtle. The
Say it with me: propelled. Propelled means sea turtle uses its legs to propel itself through
“caused to move forward.” The motor the water. His feet are like fins or paddles.
propelled the boat through the water. The shape of his feet make it easy to propel
himself through the water.
2. En español, to propel quiere decir “causar
que algo se mueva hacia adelante, impulsar, 5. Let’s pretend we are this sea turtle. Let’s
propulsar.” El motor propulsó al barco por use our legs to propel ourselves through
el agua. the water.
3. To propel in English and propulsar in Spanish 6. Now let’s pretend we are a kite flying through
are cognates. They sound almost the same the air on a windy day. Show me how the
and mean the same thing in both languages. wind propels you through the sky.
7. Now let’s say propelled together three more
times: propelled, propelled, propelled.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 sedated

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s pretend we are the sedated lion lying in
1. Another word in the selection is sedated. Say the tree. Show me what you would look like.
it with me: sedated. When you are sedated Now imagine what the lion would look like
you are asleep or very relaxed. The quiet music if she heard an elephant coming near. She
and soft noise of the engine running made me wouldn’t be sedated anymore, would she?
feel sedated. Show me what she would look like when she’s
no longer sedated.
2. En español, sedated quiere decir “dormido o
muy relajado, calmado, sedado.” La música 6. Now let’s sit, wide awake, in our chairs.
suave y el zumbido ligero del motor me Imagine I am playing soft, relaxing music. I
hicieron sentir sedado. have turned off the lights. The darkness and
the music are making you feel sedated. Show
3. Sedated in English and sedado in Spanish are
me what you look like as you begin to feel
sedated.
7. Now let’s say sedated together three more
times: sedated, sedated, sedated.
word sedated. I see a lion. The lion is lying in
the tree and not moving at all. The lion is very
relaxed or sedated.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 dehydrated
Word 8 embedded
Key Vocabulary Word 7 dehydrated

1. Another word in the selection is dehydrated. word dehydrated. Look at this soil. It is very
Say it with me: dehydrated. Dehydrated dry and cracked. This soil is dehydrated.
means “very, very dry.” If you exercise and 5. Talk about why you think this soil is
don’t drink enough water, you can become dehydrated. Do you think plants could grow
dehydrated. in this soil? What needs to happen so the soil
2. En español, dehydrated quiere decir “muy is not dehydrated anymore? Share your ideas
seco, falto de agua, deshidratado.” Si haces with the class.
mucho ejercicio y no tomas suficiente agua, 6. Work together to use the word dehydrated in
puedes quedar deshidratado. a sentence. Use this sentence frame: The soil is
3. Dehydrated in English and deshidratado in dehydrated because .
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say dehydrated together three more
the same and mean the same thing in both times: dehydrated, dehydrated, dehydrated.
languages.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 embedded

1. Another word in the selection is embedded. word embedded. I see a someone planting
Say it with me: embedded. Embedded means a small tree into the soil. This person is
“planted deeply with surrounding matter embedding the plant firmly and deeply into
or to be planted firmly in your mind.” The the soil so that the plant can grow.
gardener embedded the stepping stones into 4. Imagine we are people planting trees. Show
the ground to create a path. The name of my me how we would embed the trees in the soil.
favorite book is embedded in my mind. 5. Watch as I demonstrate embedding
2. En español, to embed quiere decir “plantar something, then try to guess what I am
firmemente en el material que le rodea o embedding. (Pantomime hammering a nail
plantar firmemente en tu mente, incrustar.” into a piece of wood.) Now you demonstrate
El jardinero incrustó piedras en la tierra para embedding something, and we’ll try to guess
crear un camino. Tengo el nombre de mi libro what you are embedding.
preferido incrustado en mi mente. 6. Now let’s say embedded together three more
times: embedded, embedded, embedded.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to bask in
Word 2 to drain out of

Word 1 to bask in
1. In English, we use the phrase to bask in to 4. With your partner, discuss situations when
describe the way someone enjoys a pleasant people might bask in a good feeling. Then
warmth or atmosphere. You can bask in the think of a time when a success left you
knowledge that you came in first place in the basking in a warm feeling. Take turns with
spelling bee. You can also bask in the warmth your partner completing the sentence: I
of a sunny spring day. Say it with me: to basked in a good feeling when
bask in. .
2. En español, to bask in quiere decir 5. Now think of a successful character from
“complacerse; disfrutar de un ambiente a book or movie. Remember how that
agradable o cálido.” Puedes sentirte character felt good about something that
complacido si ganas primer lugar en un he or she had done. Explain to your partner
concurso. Puedes también disfrutar del calor how the character basked in his or her
de un día primaveral. accomplishment. Be sure to use the phrase to
3. This picture illustrates the phrase to bask in. bask in when you tell your partner about the
The athlete is basking in the warmth of his character.
fans’ support. He is enjoying the good feeling 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: to
that comes from making so many people bask in, to bask in, to bask in.
happy. He is also basking in his own success.
Word 2 to drain out of

1. In English, we use the phrase to drain out 4. I am going to read several sentences. When I
of to describe the gradual disappearance of correctly use the phrase to drain out of, raise
something from where it was before. When your hand. When I describe something that
you finish taking a bath, you can watch the does not drain out, keep your hands down.
water drain out of the tub. When your face A bottle of olive oil is being poured down
goes white with shock, the color drains out of the sink.
your face. Say it with me: to drain out of. A flower garden is being sprayed with a hose
2. En español, to drain out of quiere decir full of water.
“salirse, disiparse, escurrirse de su lugar A balloon is slowly losing air.
original.” Cuando terminas de bañarte, puedes A stopper is being pulled out of a sink full
ver cómo se disipa el agua de la tina. Cuando of water.
te pegan un susto, el color se te puede disipar A swimming pool is being filled with water.
de la cara. 5. Tell me about other things that can drain out.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to drain Make up your own sentence using the phrase
out of. As the sun sets, the light drains out of to drain out of. Share your sentence with the
the sky. rest of the group.
drain out of, to drain out of, to drain out of.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 fifty-percent rate
Word 4 no sign of
Word 3 fifty-percent rate
1. In English, we use the phrase fifty-percent rate 4. With your partner, think of examples using
to refer to a quantity that makes up half of the phrase fifty-percent rate. Consider things
the total. Say it with me: fifty-percent rate. that you can fill all the way, or halfway. For
2. En español, fifty-percent rate quiere decir example, you might think about a glass, a
“el cincuenta por ciento o la mitad.” Es una bottle, or another kind of container. Tell your
cantidad que representa la mitad de un partner what you are going to put into the
entero. container. Use the phrase fifty-percent rate in
your description.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase fifty-
percent rate. Of all the apples, about half are 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
green and half are red. shows the phrase fifty-percent rate. Write a
sentence using the phrase fifty-percent rate to
accompany your drawing.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: fifty-
percent rate, fifty-percent rate, fifty-percent
rate.
Word 4 no sign of
1. In English, we use the phrase no sign of to 4. I am going to describe some scenes. When I
describe something that cannot be seen or describe something that is an example of the
found. For example, if you plan to meet a phrase no sign of, raise your hands high. For
friend at three o’clock and by three-thirty he examples that do not illustrate the phrase,
has not come, you would say that there is no keep your hands down.
sign of him. Say it with me: no sign of. You come to school hoping to talk to your best
2. En español, no sign of quiere decir “no da friend, but you can’t find her anywhere.
señales.” Se usa para descibir algo o alguien Your father picks you up after swim practice.
que no se ve o no aparece. Digamos que You wait for fifteen minutes to meet your
quedaste de verte con un amigo a las tres brother, but he never comes.
en punto. Son las tres y media y todavía no After dinner, you meet your neighbor at
aparece. No tu amigo no da señales. the corner.
3. This picture illustrates the phrase no sign of. Your mother said that she would pick you up
The road stretches on and on, with no sign of at two o’clock for a dentist appointment, but
civilization. she doesn’t come.
5. Imagine that you made plans with a friend.
Decide where and when you were going to
meet and what you were planning to do
together. Make up a story to explain why your
friend never arrives. Use the phrase no sign of
as you tell about the incident.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: no
sign of, no sign of, no sign of.
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Basic Words aquarium, examination, thermometer,
Unit 6 Week 2
Interrupted Journey:
Saving Endangered Sea Turtles
heartbeat, organs, kidneys
aquarium examination thermometer
heartbeat organs kidneys
ROUTINE
367
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 nonrenewable
Unit 6 Week 3 Building Green
Word 2 renewable
Key Vocabulary Word 1 nonrenewable

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Discuss with your partner why gasoline is an
1. One word in the selection is nonrenewable. Say example of a nonrenewable resource. Talk
it with me: nonrenewable. When something about what problems are caused by using
is nonrenewable, it is not replaceable after it nonrenewable resources. (Examples include:
has been used. Oil is a nonrenewable resource. prices increase as oil becomes more scarce;
Once it has been used, it is gone forever. the environment is damaged as we search for
more oil)
2. En español, nonrenewable quiere decir “no
renovable.” Algo no renovable no se puede 5. With your partner, make a list of other
remplazar cuando se agota. El petróleo es nonrenewable resources and possible
un recurso no renovable. Cuando se agote replacements for these resources. (Examples
la cantidad que existe en la Tierra, se habrá might include rainforest trees, coal, natural
agotado para siempre. gas. Replacements could include wind power,
solar power, alternative fuels.)
word nonrenewable. Look at the lady. She is 6. Now let’s say nonrenewable together three
pumping gasoline into her car. Gasoline is a more times: nonrenewable, nonrenewable,
nonrenewable resource. Once she uses this tank nonrenewable.
of gas she will have to buy more gas. Gasoline
is made from oil, which is a nonrenewable
resource. Once we use up all the oil, there will
be no more to use to make gasoline.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 renewable

1. Another word in the selection is renewable. Say the word renewable. Look at the windmills.
it with me: renewable. Renewable means “able Windmills help us create different sources of
to be reused.” Scientists are working very hard energy. Wind power is a renewable resource.
to use clean energy sources which come from It can be used over and over again. Wind is a
renewable resources such as the sun. These resource which we cannot run out of.
resources can be replaced quickly and easily, 5. Imagine you are a scientist. Talk about why
compared to nonrenewable resources which you think it is important to create new energy
cannot easily be replaced. sources from renewable resources. Use this
2. En español, renewable quiere decir “que se sentence frame: It is important to create new
puede remplazar o reutilizar, renovable.” energy sources from renewable resources
Muchos científicos están estudiando fuentes because .
naturales de energía renovable como el sol.
6. Work with your partner to make a list of as
Estos recursos pueden ser sustituídos rápida y
many renewable resources you can think of.
fácilmente, mientras que las fuentes de energía
What makes these resources renewable? Share
no renovables no se podrán sustituir.
your ideas with the group.
3. Renewable in English and renovable in Spanish
7. Now let’s say renewable together three more
times: renewable, renewable, renewable.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 adverse
Word 4 generate
Key Vocabulary Word 3 adverse

1. Another word in the selection is adverse. Say it word adverse. Look at this chemical plant. I
with me: adverse. When something is adverse see smoke stacks rising in the air. The smoke
it is very harmful. Littering creates adverse stacks contain harmful chemicals that have
situations for our environment. adverse affects on the air quality. This air
pollution can have adverse affects on our
2. En español, adverse quiere decir “dañino,
health and our environment.
negativo, adverso.” La contaminación causa
situaciones adversas para nuestro medio 5. Discuss some of the adverse situations that
ambiente. affect our environment. Draw pictures to
illustrate some of the adverse situations.
3. Adverse in English and adverso in Spanish are
cognates. They sound almost the same and 6. Pretend you are a scientist working to protect
mean the same thing in both languages. the environment. Use your pictures to describe
the adverse situations to your class. Explain
to your classmates what they can do to help
reverse these adverse situations.
7. Now let’s say adverse together three more
times: adverse, adverse, adverse.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 generate

1. Another word in the selection is generate. Say the word generate. Look at the power
it with me: generate. To generate means “to generators. These are located inside a power
make or produce.” Scientists are working on plant. They are used to generate power that
learning how to generate energy using wind supplies electricity to our homes, schools, and
power and solar power. businesses. These generators can generate
power from nonrenewable resources, like oil
2. En español, to generate quiere decir “hacer,
or natural gas, or renewable resources like
producir; generar.” Hay scientíficos que
wind or solar energy.
investigan cómo generar energía usando el
viento y el sol. 5. Talk with your partner about things you
generate, or create, every day. Draw a picture
3. To generate in English and generar in Spanish
of one thing you have generated. Share your
picture with the class.
6. Talk about something you would like to
generate, or create, to help our planet. What
would you need to generate this item? How
would you generate it?
7. Now let’s say generate together three more
times: generate, generate, generate.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 apparatus
Key Vocabulary Word 5 apparatus

1. Another word in the selection is apparatus. the word apparatus. Look at the solar panels.
Say it with me: apparatus. Apparatus means Solar panels have an apparatus or device
“a machine or tool that has a specific function that collects solar energy and converts it
or is intended for a specific use.” The firemen into useable electricity. This kind of energy is
use their apparatuses, such as hoses and axes, renewable, since it comes from the sun which
to fight fires. is always available.
2. En español, apparatus quiere decir “máquina o 5. Think about your favorite sport. What kind of
herramienta con una función específica o para apparatus do you use to play this sport? Draw
un uso específico, aparato.” Los bomberos a picture of the apparatus you use in your
usan sus aparatos, incluyendo sus mangueras y sport and share with your partner.
hachas especiales, para vencer incendios. 6. Imagine you are a construction worker. What
3. Apparatus in English and aparato in Spanish kinds of apparatus would you use to build
are cognates. They sound almost the same buildings? How does the apparatus help you
and mean the same thing in both languages. do your job?
7. Now let’s say apparatus together three more
times: apparatus, apparatus, apparatus.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 bound up in
Word 2 bound for

Word 1 bound up in
1. In English, we use the phrase bound up in to 4. Imagine that you are involved in doing
describe the way in which people become something very important. Tell your partner
devoted to what they are doing. Say it with what you are focused on and why. As you
me: bound up in. When you get bound up in a describe what you are doing, use the phrase
great book, you don’t want to stop reading it. bound up in.
2. En español, to bound up in quiere decir “estar 5. Ask your partner to answer the following
absorto en; estar dedicado a.” Cuando estás questions by using the phrase bound up in.
absorto en un buen libro, no quieres dejar de Why are you going to watch that television
leerlo. show about whales again?
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase bound Why do you practice every day for next week’s
up in. The woman is hard at work. She is track meet?
surrounded by books and papers as she How are you going to sleep if you cannot stop
prepares for an important test. reading that book?
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: bound
up in, bound up in, bound up in.
Word 2 bound for

1. In English, we use the phrase bound for 4. I am going to read several sentences aloud.
to mean headed for. You might be bound When I correctly use the phrase bound for,
for Florida during summer vacation. If you say, “bound for.” When I do not use the
study hard in school, you could be bound for phrase correctly, do not say anything.
greatness. Say it with me: bound for. When you saw us on the train, we were bound
2. En español, bound for quiere decir “rumbo a; for a weekend in the city.
con destino a.” En las vacaciones de verano, I think you are bound for lunch.
puedes ir rumbo a la Florida. Si estudias This weekend, we are bound for the beach.
mucho, estarás destinado al éxito. Did you see the boy who is bound for a broken
3. This picture illustrates the phrase bound arm?
for. The family is bound for their summer If you work hard in school, you are bound for
vacation. They are stopping to check a map to a successful career.
make sure that they are heading in the right 5. Tell me about your plans for an imaginary
direction. vacation. Think of some place that you have
never been to before but would like to visit.
Use the phrase bound for when describing
where you would like to go.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: bound
for, bound for, bound for.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 bound by (tied with)
Word 4 bound by (obliged by)

Word 3 bound by (tied with)
1. In English, we use the phrase bound by to 4. With your partner, think of things that might
describe the way in which something is held be bound by something else. For example, a
together by something else. Say it with me: stack of papers might be bound by a paper
bound by. I put a rubber band around the clip. Or a deck of cards might be bound by
stack of papers. The papers are now bound by a rubber band. List at least three different
the rubber band. things that are bound by something else.
2. En español, to be bound by quiere decir 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing of
“estar amarrado o atado con algo.” Puse un something that is bound by something else.
caucho alrededor de mi pila de papeles. Ahora Write a sentence to describe your picture.
todos los papeles han quedado atados con el Use the phrase bound by in your sentence.
caucho. When everyone is finished, we will share the
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase bound drawings with each other and discuss how
by. The books are bound by the belt. The belt well they illustrate the phrase bound by.
keeps the books together. Years ago, before 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
backpacks and book bags, students carried bound by, bound by, bound by.
their books this way.
Word 4 bound by (obliged by)

1. In English, we also use the phrase bound by 4. I am going to name some things that you do.
to describe an agreement to do something When I describe something that is an example
for someone else. For example, when you of the phrase bound by, raise your hands high.
help with the dishes at home, you are bound For examples that do not illustrate the phrase,
by a sense of duty to your parents. Adults keep your hands down.
are bound by legal documents to do certain You hand in your homework on time.
things, such as pay their rent or mortgage on You play ping-pong after school.
time. Say it with me: bound by. You walk the dog when you get home from
2. En español, to be bound by también quiere school.
decir “estar obligado por un acuerdo.” Por You read your favorite magazine after you
ejemplo, cuando ayudas a lavar los platos finish your homework.
en casa, lo haces porque te sientes en la You baby-sit for your little brother while your
obligación de ayudar a tus padres. Los parents go for a walk.
adultos están obligados por contratos legales 5. Now think of an example of something that
a cumplir con ciertas cosas, como pagar su you do because you are supposed to do it.
alquiler o hipoteca a tiempo. Consider chores that you do at home, as well
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase bound as duties that you have here at school. Share
by. The man is bound by his commitment to your example with the class. Use the phrase
his family to help with the laundry. bound by as you tell about what you must do.
bound by, bound by, bound by.
378
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Basic Words furnace, hot-water heater, air conditioner,
Unit 6 Week 3
Building Green insulation, solar panel, radiator
furnace hot-water heater air conditioner
insulation solar panel radiator
ROUTINE
379
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 pedestrians
Unit 6 Week 4 The Great Serum Race
Word 2 outskirts
Key Vocabulary Word 1 pedestrians

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about a time when you were a
1. One word in the selection is pedestrians. Say it pedestrian on a city street. Where were
with me: pedestrians. Pedestrians are people you going? Why were you walking? Draw a
who are walking. If you travel to a large picture that shows this time when you were
city, you often see many pedestrians walking a pedestrian. Share your picture and tell your
around the downtown streets. partner about your experience as a pedestrian.
2. En español, pedestrians quiere decir “personas 5. Work with your partner to use the word
que van caminando, peatones.” Si visitas una pedestrians in a sentence. Use this sentence
ciudad grande, con frecuencia verás que hay frame: The pedestrians .
muchos peatones en el centro de la ciudad. 6. Now let’s say pedestrians together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates times: pedestrians, pedestrians, pedestrians.
the word pedestrians. All of these people are
pedestrians. They are crossing a street in a
very busy city. Cars would need to be careful
not to hit all of those pedestrians in this
intersection.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 outskirts

1. Another word in the selection is outskirts. Say word outskirts. Look at the city. Look at the
it with me: outskirts. The outskirts are the area on the outside of the city. These areas
areas on the outside of a city or town. Some are the outskirts. The outskirts are away from
people like to live on the outskirts of a city the downtown buildings.
because they don’t want to live in a crowded 4. Look carefully at the picture. Talk about what
area. Others don’t want to live on the outskirts you see in the city and what you see in the
because they like living near the city’s outskirts. Discuss what is different about the
activities. My parents live on the outskirts of outskirts. Tell whether you think you would
our city, away from the downtown crowds. prefer living in this city or on the outskirts of
2. En español, outskirts quiere decir “las this city.
áreas afuera de una ciudad o pueblo, los 5. Imagine you are standing on a mountain on
alrededores.” A algunas personas les gusta the outskirts of a large city. Draw and label
vivir en los alrededores de una ciudad the city and the outskirts. Share your picture
porque no quieren vivir en un lugar muy with a partner.
congestionado de gente. A otras no les gusta 6. Now let’s say outskirts together three more
la idea de vivir en los alrededores porque times: outskirts, outskirts, outskirts.
les gusta estar cerca de las actividades de la
ciudad. Mis padres viven en los alrededores
de una ciudad, lejos de la muchedumbre del
centro.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 unbearable
Word 4 rendezvous
Key Vocabulary Word 3 unbearable

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about weather
1. Another word in the selection is unbearable. conditions you find to be unbearable. Include
Say it with me: unbearable. When something details that explain why you feel these types
is unbearable it is awful, dreadful, or terrible. of weather conditions are unbearable to you.
The cold weather was so unbearable we had 5. With your partner, draw a picture of a setting
to stay inside! with unbearable weather conditions. At
2. En español, unbearable quiere decir “terrible, the bottom of your picture, complete this
difícil de aguantar, insoportable.” El frío era sentence: This weather is unbearable because
tan insoportable que tuve que quedarme en .
casa. 6. Now let’s say unbearable together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates the times: unbearable, unbearable, unbearable.
word unbearable. Look at the person walking in
the snowstorm. It looks miserably cold. This is
terrible or unbearable weather! Notice that this
man is the only person visible in this picture.
The weather must have been so unbearable
that other people chose to stay indoors!
Key Vocabulary Word 4 rendezvous

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe a time you have had a rendezvous
1. Another word in the selection is rendezvous. with a friend or family member. Whom did
Say it with me: rendezvous. A rendezvous is a you meet on your rendezvous? Where and
meeting with two or more people at a certain when did you meet on your rendezvous? What
time and place. I had a rendezvous with my did you do on your rendezvous?
friends at the Pizza Cafe at 4:30 yesterday 5. Imagine you could have a rendezvous with
afternoon. any person in the world. What person or
2. En español, rendezvous quiere decir “una persons would you choose for a rendezvous?
reunión entre dos o más personas en un lugar What would you do on your rendezvous?
y a una hora determinada, un encuentro.” Why?
Tuve un encuentro con mis amigos en Pizza 6. Now let’s say rendezvous together three more
Café ayer en la tarde, a las 4:30. times: rendezvous, rendezvous, rendezvous.
word rendezvous. Look at the two men. They
both have their work bags. They are reaching
out to shake each other’s hands. They planned
a rendezvous at this time and place to discuss
business.
384
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 intercept
Word 6 quarantine
Key Vocabulary Word 5 intercept

1. Another word in the selection is intercept. the word intercept. Look at the two football
Say it with me: intercept. When you intercept players. The player in the blue is trying to
something you grab it or stop it on its way. intercept the ball from the player in the white.
The crowd went wild when the football player I wonder who will catch the ball?
intercepted the ball from the other team! 5. Let’s pretend we are the football player in the
2. En español, to intercept quiere decir blue. You see the ball coming in the air. Put
“interrumpir o coger algo cuando está en your arms out right now and you will intercept
camino a su destino, interceptar.” El estadio the ball!
se enloqueció cuando el jugador de fútbol 6. Pretend you are delivering important medicine
interceptó la pelota del otro equipo. to a very sick community. You can only travel
3. To intercept in English and interceptar in part of the way to the sick community. Have
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost your partner meet you and intercept the
the same and mean the same thing in both medicine. Trade roles and you intercept the
languages. medicine.
7. Now let’s say intercept together three more
times: intercept, intercept, intercept.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 quarantine

1. Another word in the selection is quarantine. Say word quarantine. I see a man in a hospital bed.
it with me: quarantine. When someone is put in The man is all by himself in the hospital room.
quarantine he or she is kept away from all other This man is in quarantine. He has an illness that
people because they are very sick and could could spread to others, so he is kept away from
spread germs that will cause others to become everyone else to prevent others from getting sick.
sick. During the Black Plague, a very contagious 5. Talk with your partner about why you think this
disease in Europe centuries ago, people with the man is in quarantine. Discuss how you might feel
disease were quarantined. if you were quarantined.
2. En español, quarantine quiere decir 6. Imagine your mother puts you in quarantine.
“cuarentena.” Cuando alguien es mantenido Draw a picture of yourself in quarantine and
en cuarentena, aislan a la persona de otros explain why you are in quarantine.
porque está muy enferma y podría contagiar 7. Now let’s say quarantine together three more
a los demás. Durante la peste negra, una times: quarantine, quarantine, quarantine.
enfermedad supremamente contagiosa en
Europa hace siglos, las personas contagiadas
eran cuarentenadas.
3. Quarantine in English and cuarentena in Spanish
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 epidemic
Word 8 plight
Key Vocabulary Word 7 epidemic

1. Another word in the selection is epidemic. Say it word epidemic. Look at the little girl. She is
with me: epidemic. An epidemic is a widespread getting a vaccination or shot. The vaccination
outbreak of disease. When an epidemic strikes can prevent an epidemic of disease in our
a community, many people get sick. The country.
disease spreads quickly from person to person. 5. Talk about how the picture illustrates the
Doctors have created shots to help prevent an word epidemic. (The girl is getting a shot
epidemic of disease among children and adults. to prevent an epidemic of disease. The shot
2. En español, epidemic quiere decir “un brote will keep the girl from catching a disease
de una enfermedad, epidemia.” Cuando hay and spreading it to others. This shot can help
una epidemia en una comunidad, muchas prevent an epidemic.)
personas se enferman. La enfermedad se 6. Imagine you are a doctor working to prevent
transmite rápidamente de una persona a otra. an epidemic of disease. Explain how you are
Los doctores han creado vacunas para prevenir trying to prevent an epidemic of disease and
epidemias en los niños y los adultos. why this is important.
3. Epidemic in English and epidemia in Spanish 7. Now let’s say epidemic together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: epidemic, epidemic, epidemic.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 plight

Point to the Word 8 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about a time you have been in a plight.
1. Another word in the selection is plight. Say it Draw a picture to show what you looked like.
with me: plight. To be in a plight means you 5. Share your picture with a partner. Use this
are in a bad condition. My sister was in sentence frame to describe your plight: When
a plight after she lost her library book. I was in a plight, I .
2. En español, plight quiere decir “situación mala 6. Now let’s say plight together three more
y difícil, situación apremiante.” Mi hermana times: plight, plight, plight.
se encontró en una situación apremiante
cuando perdió el libro que había sacado de
la biblioteca.
the word plight. I see a lady in bed. She has a
thermometer in her mouth and looks very sick.
She is in a plight because she is very ill.
388
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 to press onward
Word 2 to press into

Word 1 to press onward
1. In English, we use the phrase to press onward 4. Pretend that you and your partner are lost in
to describe the way people push themselves to the woods. Discuss what you would do to find
reach a goal. Say it with me: to press onward. your way home. Think about the equipment
You press onward when you are feeling tired, that you would have if you had set out for
but you know you can’t stop. a long hike. In discussing ideas for finding
2. En español, to press onward quiere decir your way, be sure to use the phrase to press
“seguir adelante para alcanzar una meta.” onward.
Aunque te sientas cansado, sigues adelante 5. Play the synonym game with your partner.
hasta llegar al final. Take turns thinking of other words that have
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to press the same meaning as to press onward. Using
onward. The man is hiking up the hill. He has the classroom clock, take thirty seconds to list
been hiking for several hours, and he is feeling as many synonyms as you can think of. When
tired and hungry. He presses onward because you are both finished listing synonyms, share
he knows that soon he will come to a spot your lists with each other. Compare to see
with a beautiful view. what words you both thought of and what
words you forgot about.
to press onward, to press onward, to press
onward.
Word 2 to press into

1. In English, the phrase to press into has a few 4. I am going to read aloud several sentences
different meanings. You may be pressed into that use the phrase to press into. When the
the wall by a crowd of people. You might be sentence correctly uses the phrase to press
pressed into action when someone asks you to into, raise your hand. When the sentence does
do something right away. Or you might press not use the phrase correctly, keep your hands
into your work if you decide to push yourself down.
harder. Say it with me: to press into. We wanted to press into our friends at the
2. En español, to press into tiene varios movies.
significados. Quiere decir “apretujar,” como I pressed into action when I heard that my
cuando una multitud te apretuja contra mother would be coming home late.
la pared. Quiere decir “presionar,” como Our baseball team pressed into our practice
cuando alguien te pide que hagas algo because we really wanted to win the next
inmediatamente o cuando tú mismo te exiges game.
seguir trabajando. While I was waiting for the train, I was
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to press pressed into the crowd.
into. The swimmer is pressing into his practice 5. Think of two original sentences that correctly
after deciding that he wants to win the race. use the phrase to press into. Write down your
sentence on a blank piece of paper. Share
your sentence with the rest of the group.
to press into, to press into, to press into.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 below zero
Word 4 to hug
Word 3 below zero
1. In English, we use the phrase below zero to tell 4. I am going to describe some scenes. When I tell
about temperatures that go below 32 degrees about a situation that makes you shiver, say,
Fahrenheit, which is zero degrees Celsius. Say it “It must be below zero.” When I describe a
with me: below zero. scene that makes you hot, wipe your forehead.
2. En español, below zero quiere decir “bajo It is January, and a heavy snowstorm knocked
cero.” Esta temperatura está por debajo de 32 out your power. Your house has not had heat
grados Fahrenheit, que equivale a cero grados for two days.
centígrados. You are lying on the beach, soaking up the
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase below July sunshine.
zero. The polar bear trudges along the frozen You are hiking through a snowy ravine, looking
tundra in below zero temperatures. forward to a steaming cup of hot chocolate.
You are watching a baseball game in your
city’s stadium on an August afternoon.
5. Help me complete the following sentences.
The temperatures in chilly
Chicago make people walk briskly along the
city streets.
When I ski in Maine in February, the
weather makes my bones ache.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: below
zero, below zero, below zero.
Word 4 to hug
1. In English, we use the phrase to hug to describe 4. I am going to read several sentences. When
the way in which the driver of a vehicle stays I correctly use the phrase to hug, raise your
close to the road. When driving on a twisty hands high. For examples that do not illustrate
road, you hug the curves so that you don’t the phrase, keep your hands down.
swerve off and have an accident. Sailors hug The boaters hugged the shore as they tried
the shore when they steer their boats alongside to avoid getting blown out to sea during a
the shore. Say it with me: to hug. windstorm.
2. En español, to hug quiere decir “manejar We hugged the sidewalk as we walked to school.
adhiriéndose bien al camino.” Cuando un My mother always hugs the road when she pulls
conductor maneja por curvas peligrosas, se into our driveway.
adhiere bien a esas curvas para evitar un When driving on the highway, you should
accidente. Los marineros se adhieren a la costa always hug the road so that you stay in control.
cuando van costeando. Try not to hug the ball when you play basketball.
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase to hug. 5. Imagine that you and your friends are taking a
The motorcyclist hugs the road as he goes sailing lesson together. Describe what your outing
around a curvy stretch. is like and how you safely guide thesailboat back
to shore after sailing all day. Use the phrase to
hug as you tell about your adventure.
hug, to hug, to hug.
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Basic Words
Unit 6 Week 4
blubber, salmon, gale,
The Great Serum Race
frostbite, caribou, parka
blubber salmon gale
frostbite caribou parka
ROUTINE
393
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Key Vocabulary Word 1 flee
Unit 6 Week 5 The Great Fire
Word 2 exterior
Key Vocabulary Word 1 flee

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are the people in the picture.
1. One word in the selection is flee. Say it with Hold something over your head. Now let’s flee
me: flee. To flee means “to run away or from the rain.
escape from danger.” The people had to flee 5. Imagine there is a fire in our classroom. Show
the burning building. me how you would flee the classroom. Why
2. En español, to flee quiere decir “escapar de un would we need to flee the classroom? Where
peligro, fugarse, huir.” Las personas tuvieron would we go?
que huir del edificio incendiado. 6. Now let’s say flee together three more times:
3. Now let’s look at a picture that illustrates flee, flee, flee.
the word flee. Look at the people. They are
moving very fast. They are holding umbrellas
and other things over their heads to protect
their heads. The people have to flee to avoid
getting rained on. They are probably fleeing
to a building or a covered area so they won’t
get wet.
Key Vocabulary Word 2 exterior

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Think carefully about the exterior of our
1. Another word in the selection is exterior. Say school. Draw and label a picture of the
it with me: exterior. The exterior is the outside exterior of our school. Share your picture with
surface or part of something. The exterior part a partner. Use this sentence frame to talk
of our school is made of bricks. about your picture: The exterior of our school
.
2. En español, exterior quiere decir “la parte
de afuera de algo, el exterior.” El exterior de 6. Describe the exterior of your favorite store
nuestro colegio es hecho de ladrillos. or restaurant to your partner. Use the word
exterior in your description. Talk about its size,
3. Exterior in English and exterior in Spanish are
what it is made of, what color it is, and why
you like it.
7. Now let’s say exterior together three more
times: exterior, exterior, exterior.
the word exterior. Look at the exterior of this
house. It is brown and has many windows and
a door.
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Key Vocabulary Word 3 structures
Word 4 residents
Key Vocabulary Word 3 structures

1. Another word in the selection is structures. word structures. Look at the tall buildings
Say it with me: structures. Structures are in this city! The buildings are structures.
things that have been built, such as houses Structures can be built in many different sizes
and buildings. Our city has many tall and shapes, and they can look very different.
structures downtown. Even though the buildings in this picture look
different, they are all structures.
2. En español, structures quiere decir “cosas que
han sido construidas tales como las casas y los 5. Describe the structures found in your
edificios; estructuras.” Nuestra ciudad tiene neighborhood and around our school. How
muchas estructuras altas en el centro. are these structures the same and different
from the structures in the picture?
3. Structures in English and estructuras in
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 6. Think about a time you lived somewhere
the same and mean the same thing in both else or traveled to a new place. Discuss and
languages. describe some of the structures you saw in this
other place.
7. Now let’s say structures together three more
times: structures, structures, structures.
Key Vocabulary Word 4 residents

1. Another word in the selection is residents. word residents. Look at the people standing
Say it with me: residents. Residents are outside of their house. They are the residents,
people who live in a certain place. Many of or people who live in this house.
the residents in our community came to our 5. Who are the residents in your house? Draw a
school carnival. picture of the residents in your house. Share
2. En español, residents quiere decir “las your picture with a partner.
personas que viven en un lugar particular, los 6. Describe your picture to your partner using
residentes.” Muchos residentes de nuestra this sentence frame: The residents in my house
comunidad vinieron a la feria de nuestro are , , and .
colegio. 7. Now let’s say residents together three more
3. Residents in English and residentes in Spanish times: residents, residents, residents.
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Key Vocabulary Word 5 exhaustion
Word 6 volunteered
Key Vocabulary Word 5 exhaustion

1. Another word in the selection is exhaustion. word exhaustion. Look at the student with
Say it with me: exhaustion. When you feel his head down. He is sleeping on top of his
exhaustion you feel very tired or worn out. schoolwork. Everyone around him is moving
The excitement of all the activities of field and active, but he is sleeping. Class and
day caused exhaustion for many students. studying must have caused him exhaustion!
2. En español, exhaustion quiere decir 4. Talk about a time you felt exhaustion.
“cansancio extremo, agotamiento.” Cuando Tell your partner what caused you to feel
sientes agotamiento, te sientes muy cansado. exhaustion and why you felt this way.
La emoción causada por todas las actividades 5. Work with a partner to make a list of things
del día de juegos les causó agotamiento a los that might cause you to feel exhaustion at
estudiantes. school. Share your ideas with the group.
6. Now let’s say exhaustion together three more
times: exhaustion, exhaustion, exhaustion.
Key Vocabulary Word 6 volunteered

1. Another word in the selection is volunteered. the word volunteered. Look at all of the
Say it with me: volunteered. When someone children. They are working together to build
has volunteered he or she has given his or her a structure. The children volunteered to
time to help others without getting paid. Our build this structure. They are doing the work
class volunteered to clean up the trash at the because they want to help. They are not
city park. getting paid.
2. En español, to volunteer quiere decir “prestar 4. Describe a time you have volunteered.
sus servicios o donar su tiempo para ayudar What did you volunteer to do? How did
a otros sin esperar recompensas, ofrecerse.” volunteering make you feel?
Nuestra clase se ofreció para recoger basura 5. Imagine you can volunteer your time in any
en el parque. way to help others. What would you volunteer
to do and why?
6. Now let’s say volunteered together three more
times: volunteered, volunteered, volunteered.
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Key Vocabulary Word 7 perished
Word 8 consumed
Key Vocabulary Word 7 perished

Point to the Word 7 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk about how the picture illustrates the
1. Another word in the selection is perished. word perished. (Examples include: This is a
Say it with me: perished. Perished means cemetery. When people die, or perish, they are
“someone or something has died.” Many buried in a cemetery.)
animals perished in the winter storm. 6. Work with your partner to use the word
2. En español, to perish quiere decir “morir, perished in a sentence: The people perished
perecer.” Muchos animales perecieron en la .
terrible tormenta de invierno. 7. Now let’s say perished together three more
3. To perish in English and perecer in Spanish are times: perished, perished, perished.
word perished. I see tombstones. This is an old
cemetery. The people buried in this cemetery
perished.
Key Vocabulary Word 8 consumed

1. Another word in the selection is consumed. word consumed. Look at the structures! They
Say it with me: consumed. Consumed means are burning and there are flames everywhere.
“used up or destroyed.” If you consume a The flames are consuming the structures. It
food, that means you eat all of it. If a building looks like the structures will be completely
catches on fire and the fire fighters cannot consumed, or destroyed, by the fire.
put out the fire, the fire will consume, or 5. Imagine you saw a structure consumed in
destroy, the building. flames. Draw a picture to show what you see.
2. En español, to consume quiere decir “usar Share your picture with a partner.
completamente o destruir, consumir.” Si 6. Talk about ways to prevent a fire from
consumes tu comida, te la comes toda. Si un consuming a structure. Use this sentence
edificio se incendia y los bomberos no pueden frame to begin your discussion: To prevent
apagar el fuego, las llamas consumirán o a fire from consuming a building, I would
destruirán el edificio. .
3. To consume in English and consumir in 7. Now let’s say consumed together three more
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost times: consumed, consumed, consumed.
languages.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 1 panic-stricken
Word 2 heart-filled with grief

Word 1 panic-stricken
1. In English, the term panic-stricken describes 4. Imagine that you have forgotten to do
the way people feel when they are overcome something very important. It might be
with a sudden overpowering fright. You would something that you were supposed to do at
be panic-stricken if you realized that you left home. Or it might be a homework assignment
your math book at school and you have a test that you completely forgot about. Think
tomorrow. Say it with me: panic-stricken. about how you would feel when you realized
2. En español, panic-stricken quiere decir that you had not done that very important
“sobrecargado de pánico; aterrado.” Si te das chore, task, or homework assignment. Tell
cuenta que olvidaste tu libro de matemáticas, your partner how you would feel. Use the
y mañana tienes que presentar un examen, term panic-stricken in your conversation.
estarías sobrecargado de pánico. 5. Take turns describing an experience that made
3. This picture illustrates the term panic-stricken. you feel panic-stricken. Describe what made
The girl overslept, and she is panic-stricken you feel that way and what you did when you
when she sees her clock and realizes that she realized what happened. Be sure to use the
is going to be late for school. term panic-stricken in your description.
6. Repeat the term three times with me: panic-
stricken, panic-stricken, panic-stricken.
Word 2 heart-filled with grief

1. In English, we use the phrase heart-filled with 4. I will read several sentences aloud. When
grief to express how people feel when they I correctly use the phrase heart-filled with
are deeply saddened. People are heart-filled grief, raise your hands. When I do not use the
with grief when they lose someone they love. phrase correctly, keep your hands down.
Say it with me: heart-filled with grief. I was heart-filled with grief when I learned
2. En español, heart-filled with grief quiere decir that my grandmother had died.
“desconsolado; con el corazón cargado de We were heart-filled with grief when our team
luto.” Así se siente la gente cuando se les lost the baseball game.
muere un ser querido. You were heart-filled with grief when you
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase heart- discovered that a car had hit your dog.
filled with grief. The woman is visiting the My father is heart-filled with grief when he
gravesite of someone she loved very much. practices the drums.
She is heart-filled with grief as she remembers 5. Now think of a book or movie that contained
the person who has died. a scene that made you feel very sad. Briefly
explain the scene to the class, and tell why
you were so deeply moved by what happened.
Be sure to use the phrase heart-filled with
grief in your description.
heart-filled with grief, heart-filled with grief,
heart-filled with grief.
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Function Words and Phrases Word 3 billowing smoke
Word 4 eaten through

Word 3 billowing smoke
1. In English, we use the phrase billowing smoke 4. Imagine that you have just noticed smoke
to describe a rolling mass of smoke. Say it with billowing outside the school window.
me: billowing smoke. Billowing smoke rose With your partner, think of five different
from the chimney. explanations for the smoke. Make sure that
2. En español, billowing smoke quiere decir you use the phrase billowing smoke in your
“nubes de humo.” Así se dice cuando sale descriptions.
mucho humo de un lugar. Nubes de humos 5. Now with your partner, make a drawing that
salían por la chimenea. shows the phrase billowing smoke. Write a
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase sentence using the phrase billowing smoke to
billowing smoke. There has been a fire, and accompany your drawing.
the billowing smoke is filling the air. 6. Repeat the phrase three times with me:
billowing smoke, billowing smoke, billowing
smoke.
Word 4 eaten through

1. In English, the phrase eaten through is used 4. I am going to read several sentences. When I
to describe what happens when a surface is describe something that is an example of the
ruined as a result of smoke or water damage. phrase eaten through, raise your hands high.
Something can also be eaten through by bugs. For examples that do not illustrate the phrase,
Say it with me: eaten through. After the fire, keep your hands down.
the wood tables looked as if they had been The bottom of my red sweater was eaten
eaten through. They were black and had holes through by moths.
here and there that were caused by smoke. Our backyard has been eaten through by the
2. En español, eaten through quiere decir neighbors.
“desgastado por el tiempo; dañado o corroido The fence at my house was eaten through by
por agua, humo o insectos.” Después del ice and snow last winter.
invendio, las mesas de madera quedaron The school gym has been eaten through by
negras y con hoyos, corroidas por el humo que students.
éste produjo. The fire has eaten through the walls of that
3. This picture demonstrates the phrase eaten old building.
through. The outside wall of this apartment 5. I will read some sentences. Help me complete
building has been eaten through by fire. them by using the phrase eaten through.
We discovered that termites had
the wood floors in our house.
The raging fire has five stories of
that old apartment building.
A woodpecker has the shingles on
the outside of our house.
6. Repeat the phrase three times with me: eaten
through, eaten through, eaten through.
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Basic Words
Unit 6 Week 5
ember, ignite, smoke,
The Great Fire
flammable, rescuer, blaze
ember ignite smoke
flammable rescuer blaze
ROUTINE
407
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Contents
English Language Development
Unit 1 Unit 4
Week 1 ELD Vocabulary .................................................................... 409 Week 1 ELD Vocabulary .....................................................................529
Content Words ......................................................................415 Content Words ......................................................................533
Week 2 ELD Vocabulary ..................................................................... 417 Week 2 ELD Vocabulary .....................................................................535
Week 3 ELD Vocabulary .....................................................................425 Week 3 ELD Vocabulary .....................................................................543
Unit 2 Unit 5
Week 1 ELD Vocabulary .................................................................... 449 Week 1 ELD Vocabulary .....................................................................565
Unit 3 Unit 6
Week 1 ELD Vocabulary .................................................................... 489 Week 1 ELD Vocabulary .................................................................... 605
Content Words ......................................................................495 Content Words ...................................................................... 611
Week 2 ELD Vocabulary .....................................................................497 Week 2 ELD Vocabulary ..................................................................... 613
Content Words ...................................................................... 511 Content Words ......................................................................627
Content Words ......................................................................527 Content Words ..................................................................... 643
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 adventure
Unit 1 Week 1 Hometown Homework
Word 2 assignment
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 adventure

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 5. Draw a picture that shows an adventure you
1. One word in the selection is adventure. Say have had. Where did you go? What did you
it with me: adventure. An adventure is an do? What did you learn? Share your picture
unusual or exciting experience. I went on an and tell your partner about your adventure.
adventure at the nature center. I discovered 6. Now describe an adventure you would like
very old trees, rocks, and unusual animals. to take. Tell your partner where you would
2. En español, adventure quiere decir “una go, what you would do, and what you might
experiencia inusual, divertida o emocionante; learn.
una aventura.” Tuve una aventura en el 7. Now let’s say adventure together three more
centro de naturaleza. Descubrí árboles times: adventure, adventure, adventure.
viejísimos, piedras y animales extraños.
3. Adventure in English and aventura in Spanish
the word adventure. (Point to the astronaut in
the photo.) Look at the astronaut. The astronaut
is working in space to learn new things. What
an exciting adventure that must be!
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 assignment

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe your favorite assignments in class to
1. Another word in the selection is assignment. your partner. What are the assignments? Why
Say it with me: assignment. An assignment is do you like these assignments?
a job or task you have been asked to do. Your 5. Imagine you are the teacher of our class.
science assignment today is to choose a planet Create a homework assignment for your
to research. students. Share your idea for the homework
2. En español, assignment quiere decir “un assignment with your partner.
trabajo o deber que le ha sido asignado a 6. Now let’s say assignment together three more
alguien en particular, tarea.” Tu tarea de times: assignment, assignment, assignment.
ciencias hoy es escoger un planeta para hacer
una investigación.
the word assignment. Look at the girl. She is
sitting at her kitchen table. Her book is open
and she is writing on paper. She is working
on her homework assignment. She wants to
complete her assignment on time.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 detective
Word 4 landmark
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 detective

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. working to solve a case.
1. Another word in the selection is detective. Say 5. Imagine you and your partner are detectives
it with me: detective. A detective is a police solving a case. The class hamster has gotten
officer who looks for clues to solve a case. out of its cage and you must find clues to
The detective asked everyone at the museum solve the case. Talk about what you would
questions that could help him find the missing do as a detective. Share your ideas with the
art piece. group. Use this sentence frame to help:
2. En español, detective quiere decir “un policía As a detective, I would and
que usa pistas para resolver casos misteriosos, to solve the case.
detective.” El detective le hizo a todos los 6. Now imagine your little brother has lost his
visitantes en el museo preguntas que le shoes somewhere in the house. As a detective,
ayudaran a localizar la obra de arte que había what would you do to help him find his shoes?
desaparecido. Share your ideas with another pair.
3. Detective in English and detective in Spanish 7. Now let’s say detective together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: detective, detective, detective.
the word detective. (Point to the man in
the suit.) Look at this man. He is a detective
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 landmark

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about landmarks in our community.
1. Another word in the selection is landmark. Say Draw a picture of one of these landmarks.
it with me: landmark. A landmark is a building Complete this sentence at the bottom of
or place that is of outstanding historical your drawing: This place is a landmark in our
or cultural importance and is generally community because .
easy to recognize. The White House and 5. Talk with your partner about a landmark in
Washington Monument are both landmarks in our country that you would like to visit. If
Washington, D.C. you can’t think of any, you might discuss the
2. En español, landmark quiere decir “un edificio Statue of Liberty, the Jefferson Memorial,
o sitio de importancia histórica o cultural Mount Rushmore, or the Golden Gate Bridge.
muy conocido, punto de referencia.” La Casa 6. Now let’s say landmark together three more
Blanca y el Monumento a Washington son times: landmark, landmark, landmark.
dos de los puntos de referencia en
Washington, D.C.
the word landmark. Look at the statue of
Abraham Lincoln. This is a memorial to the
President who worked so hard for people
in our country. The Lincoln Memorial is a
landmark in Washington, D.C.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 praise
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 praise

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with a partner to role-play the picture.
1. Another word in the selection is praise. Say One of you takes the role of the student.
it with me: praise. When you give someone The other person should take the role of the
praise, you give approval for a job well done. teacher. The teacher should offer the student
Our principal gave praise to our class for our praise for such hard work. Trade roles and
excellent reading. We read 54 books in one repeat the activity.
month! 5. Now take turns with your partner offering
2. En español, praise quiere decir “aprobación each other praise for working hard on a
y admiración por un trabajo bien hecho, class assignment. Talk about why you should
elogios.” El rector del colegio le dio elogios a praise people for a job well done. Make a list
nuestra clase por nuestra lectura. ¡Leímos 54 of words and phrases you can use to praise
libros en un mes! someone. Share your list with another pair.
(Examples include: “Good job!” “Way to go!”
“Nice work!”)
the word praise. (Point to the teacher and
student.) Look at the girl. She is holding a 6. Now let’s say praise together three more
plaque. She earned this plaque as runner of times: praise, praise, praise.
the month. Her teacher gave her praise for the
practice and hard work the girl did to get the
award.
414
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ELD Content Words
Unit 1 Week 1 Ancient Rome’s
equal rights, republic,
Republic
laws, taxes
equal rights republic
laws taxes
ROUTINE
4. Explain how these four words fit into a group, or category. During
5. Point out the following cognate: república.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 fair
Unit 1 Week 2 Micaela’s New Friend
Word 2 heritage
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 fair

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you are at the fair in the picture.
1. One word in the selection is fair. Say it with What would you do? What games would you
me: fair. A fair is a carnival that has games, play? What rides would you ride? What food
food, rides, and many activities. I rode the would you eat? Tell your partner.
Ferris Wheel, ate cotton candy, and played 5. With your partner, create a ride or a game for
games at the fair. a fair. Draw a picture of your creation. Share
2. En español, fair quiere decir “un carnaval con your picture with another pair.
juegos, comida y muchas actividades; una 6. Now let’s say fair together three more times:
feria.” Monté la rueda de la fortuna, comí fair, fair, fair.
algodón de azúcar y jugué juegos en la feria.
the word fair. (Point to each object as you
name it.) Look at the Ferris wheel. Look at
the food stands. Look at the tents. There are
games and items for sale in these tents.
This is a fair.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 heritage

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Tell your partner about items that are a
1. Another word in the selection is heritage. Say part of your heritage. Why are these items
it with me: heritage. Our heritage is where we important to your heritage? Share your ideas
come from and the traditions in our culture. with a partner.
Food, music, and dance are all part of a 5. Choose one item that represents your
person’s heritage. heritage. Draw a picture of this item. On the
2. En español, heritage quiere decir “las picture, complete this sentence: This item
tradiciones de tu cultura y sus características, represents my heritage because .
patrimonio.” La comida, la música y el baile Then trade pictures with your partner.
son partes del patrimonio cultural de una 6. Now let’s say heritage together three more
persona. times: heritage, heritage, heritage.
the word heritage. Look at the items on the
table. I see a plate, a blanket, and food that
are part of the Mexican heritage. These are
traditional foods and crafts of the Mexican
culture. The family that set this table is proud
of their Mexican heritage.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 immigrated
Word 4 pace
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 immigrated

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about why so many
1. Another word in the selection is immigrated. people have immigrated to the United States.
Say it with me: immigrated. When someone Why do people want to immigrate to our
has immigrated, they have moved from one country?
country to a new country. My grandmother 5. Think about someone you know or someone
immigrated with her family from Mexico to you have read about that has immigrated to
the United States when she was a young girl. the United States. Describe why this person
2. En español, to immigrate quiere decir immigrated.
“mudarse de su país natal a un país nuevo, 6. Now let’s say immigrated together three more
inmigrar.” Mi abuela inmigró a los Estados times: immigrated, immigrated, immigrated.
Unidos de México cuando era apenas
una niña.
the word immigrated. These people have
recently immigrated to the United States.
They come from different countries all around
the world and have now moved to the U.S.
They are becoming citizens of this country.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 pace

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s pretend we are the walkers in the
1. Another word in the selection is pace. Say it picture. Let’s walk at a quick pace. Now
with me: pace. Pace means “a rate or speed let’s walk at a very slow pace. What is the
of movement.” My brother tries to keep a difference between the two paces?
consistent pace throughout each race. He 6. Show me what kind of pace you would use if
doesn’t want his pace to be too fast at the you were leaving a burning building. Show me
start, or he might get tired before the end what pace you would use if you were going to
of the race. If his pace is too slow, the other get a shot at the doctor’s office.
runners will pass him. 7. Now let’s say pace together three more times:
2. En español, pace quiere decir “la velocidad o pace, pace, pace.
ritmo de movimiento, el paso.” Mi hermano
intenta mantener un paso consistente durante
cada carrera. Si su paso es muy lento, los otros
corredores lo pasarán.
3. Pace in English and paso in Spanish are
the word pace. Look at the people walking.
They are walking at a quick pace. They are
trying to walk at the same pace so they can
stay next to each other.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 ruined
Word 6 traditional
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 ruined

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about why this
1. Another word in the selection is ruined. Say it important paper is ruined. What might the
with me: ruined. When something is ruined, it person do to correct this problem? (Examples
has been damaged or destroyed and cannot include: print out another copy of the paper;
be fixed. I left my book outside in the rain. get another copy from a coworker)
When I picked it up the next day, I saw that 5. Now describe a time you have ruined
it was ruined. The rain had ruined the pages; I something or something you own was ruined.
could no longer read it. Tell what was ruined and how it got ruined.
2. En español, ruined quiere decir “dañado o 6. Now let’s say ruined together three more
destruido sin arreglo, arruinado.” Dejé mi libro times: ruined, ruined, ruined.
afuera y se mojó en la lluvia. Cuando lo recogí
al día siguiente, ví que estaba arruinado. La
lluvia arruinó sus páginas; ya no lo podría leer.
the word ruined. (Point to the coffee spilling
on the paper in the photo.) Oh no! Look at
the coffee. It has spilled all over the important
paper. The important paper is ruined!
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 traditional

1. Another word in the selection is traditional. the word traditional. Look at the family
Say it with me: traditional. When something celebrating Thanksgiving. It is traditional to
is traditional, it is done in a way that it has have a family dinner on Thanksgiving. It is also
usually been done in the past. It is traditional traditional to serve turkey on Thanksgiving.
to have fireworks on the Fourth of July. This Many families serve this traditional meal.
is something that is done every year in our 5. Tell your partner about some traditional foods
country. It is a traditional celebration. your family enjoys at Thanksgiving or other
2. En español, traditional quiere decir “hecho holidays. (Call on pairs to share their ideas.)
de la misma manera que en el pasado, 6. Draw a picture to show something that
tradicional.” Es tradicional tener fuegos is traditional in your family. Share your
artificiales el Día de la Independencia. Esto completed picture with the class. Use this
es algo que se ha hecho cada año en nuestro sentence frame: In my family, it is traditional
país. Es una celebración tradicional. to .
3. Traditional in English and tradicional in Spanish 7. Now let’s say traditional together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same and times: traditional, traditional, traditional.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 1 Week 2 Early Hinduism
Hinduism, Buddha, meditate,
and Buddhism
religion, enlightened
Hinduism Buddha meditate
religion enlightened
ROUTINE
2. Define each word in English, referring to the photograph. Incorporate
actions where appropriate.
4. Explain how these five words fit into a group, or category. During
5. Point out the following cognates: hinduismo, meditar, religión.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 outsider
Unit 1 Week 3 California Artists at Work
Word 2 paddle
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 outsider

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe a time you have been an outsider at
1. One word in the selection is outsider. Say it school. What were you doing? What was the
with me: outsider. An outsider is a person who rest of your class doing? Why were you an
does not belong to a group. I was an outsider outsider?
when I stayed in my room to grade papers and 5. Imagine a new student joins our class. The
all the other teachers went out for lunch! new student is an outsider because she
2. En español, outsider quiere decir “una persona doesn’t know any of the classroom routines or
que no pertenece a un grupo, un marginado.” procedures. How would you help the outsider
Me sentía como un marginado cuando become a part of the group?
me quedé en el salón de clases a calificar 6. Now let’s say outsider together three more
examenes mientras los otros profesores times: outsider, outsider, outsider.
salieron a almorzar juntos.
the word outsider. (Point to the boy.) Look at
the boy. He is studying alone in the classroom.
I think the rest of his class is outside playing at
recess. The boy is an outsider because he has
to study while his classmates play.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 paddle

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are guiding the kayak
1. Another word in the selection is paddle. Say it through the water. Show me how to paddle
with me: paddle. To paddle means “to move the kayak.
your arms, feet, or another object to guide 5. Now let’s pretend we are swimming in a pool.
yourself through the water.” We used oars to Let’s use our arms and legs to paddle across
paddle the canoe down the river. the water.
2. En español, to paddle quiere decir “mover sus 6. Now let’s say paddle together three more
brazos, pies u otro objeto para avanzar en el times: paddle, paddle, paddle.
agua; remar.” Usamos remos para remar la
canoa río abajo.
the word paddle. Look at the man in the
kayak. (Point to the kayak.) He has to paddle
to guide this small boat through the water. If
he doesn’t paddle correctly, he could tip over!
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 priceless
Word 4 roots
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 priceless

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about why you
1. Another word in the selection is priceless. Say it consider the sculpture in the picture priceless.
with me: priceless. When something is priceless, 5. Think about something you own that is
it has a value that is beyond price and no priceless. Describe this object to your partner
amount of money could replace or buy it. My and explain why the object is priceless and has
grandmother gave me her mother’s necklace. value beyond any amount of money.
The necklace is priceless! I wouldn’t sell this 6. Now let’s say priceless together three more
family necklace for any amount of money. times: priceless, priceless, priceless.
2. En español, priceless quiere decir “tan valioso
que no tiene precio.” Mi abuela me regaló una
cadena de su madre. La cadena no tiene precio.
No la vendería por ninguna cantidad de dinero.
the word priceless. (Point to the Iwo Jima
Memorial.) Look at the historic sculpture.
It represents the men who fought for our
country in a war. This historic work of art
is priceless.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 roots

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Why do you think this family is celebrating
1. Another word in the selection is roots. Say it their roots? Talk about what this family’s roots
with me: roots. Roots means “belonging to a might be. Share your ideas with the class.
place or a culture.” When a person talks about 5. Draw a picture to show how your family
his roots, he is talking about the heritage and celebrates your roots. Share your completed
culture he comes from. My family sings songs picture with your partner. With your partner,
and makes food that reflects my culture to complete this sentence frame: It is important
celebrate our roots. to celebrate your roots because .
2. En español, roots quiere decir “patrimonio 6. Now let’s say roots together three more times:
cultural o el proceder de alguien, sus raíces.” roots, roots, roots.
Cuando alguien habla de sus raíces, está
hablando de su patrimonio o de dónde viene.
Mi familia canta canciones cuando cocina que
reflejan nuestra cultura y celebran nuestras raíces.
the word roots. Look at the family. They are
celebrating Kwanzaa. This holiday is very
special to their family. It is important that
families celebrate their roots.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 struggling
Word 6 union
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 struggling

1. Another word in the selection is struggling. illustrates the word struggling. Tell your
Say it with me: struggling. Struggling means partner who you think will win this struggle
“working hard to get something done or and why. (Have students share their opinions.
to succeed at what you do.” Some of my Make a tally chart to show how many
students were struggling to get across the students think the children will win and how
monkey bars on the playground. many students think the dog will win.)
2. En español, to struggle quiere decir “trabajar 5. Describe a time you have struggled to get
muy duro por conseguir algo o tener éxito, something done. What were you struggling to
luchar.” Algunos de mis estudiantes luchan do? How did you accomplish the task?
por cruzar el pasamanos en el parque. 6. Now let’s say struggling together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates times: struggling, struggling, struggling.
the word struggling. Look at the children.
Two children are pulling the dog. (Point to the
children pulling.) One child is pushing the dog.
(Point to the child pushing.) They want to take
the dog in the water. It looks like the dog does
not want to go in the water. The children are
struggling to get the dog in the water. The dog
is struggling to stay out of the water.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 union

Point to the Word 6 age on the opposite side. 3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates
1. Another word in the selection is union. Say the word union. (Point to the union workers.)
it with me: union. A union is a group of Look at the workers. They are on strike. These
people who work together at the same type people are union members. They are working
of job and have organized to make sure their together for a common cause. The union
coworkers have good working conditions. believes they need better working conditions,
Many teachers are members of a teacher’s so they have asked the workers to go on
union. The teacher’s union tries to make sure strike, or stop working, until the business
that teachers have good working conditions. owners improve the conditions.
2. En español, union quiere decir “un grupo de 4. Talk with your partner about how the union
personas que trabajan en el mismo tipo de members are working together in the picture.
empleo y se organizan para asegurarse de que Share your responses with the class.
todos tengan buenas condiciones laborales; 5. Work with your partner to use the word union
sindicato.” Muchos profesores son miembros in a sentence. Use the sentence frame: The
de un sindicato. El sindicato de profesores union members .
asegura de que todos los profesores tengan 6. Now let’s say union together three more
buenas condiciones laborales. times: union, union, union.
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ELD Content Words belief, Judaism, descendent, drought
Unit 1 Week 3 The Beginnings
of Judaism Hebrew Bible, Ten Commandments
belief Judaism descendent
Ten
drought Hebrew Bible Commandments
ROUTINE
2. Define each word in English, referring to the photograph. Incorporate
actions where appropriate.
5. Point out the following cognates: Biblia hebréa, judaísmo, descendiente.
431
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 computer chip
Unit 1 Week 4 Where’s Carter?
Word 2 device
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 computer chip

1. One word in the selection is computer chip. the word computer chip. Look at this
Say it with me: computer chip. A computer technology. This is a computer chip. It can be
chip is a basic part of many electronic used to operate many different machines. The
machines that use electricity. If you can computer chip is very small, but it has a great
program or tell a machine what to do, it has deal of information programmed into it.
a computer chip. Coffee makers, traffic lights, 4. Talk about the machines you use that require
and computers all have computer chips that electricity and might contain computer chips.
operate these pieces of equipment. Share your ideas with the class. Explain why
2. En español, computer chip quiere decir “chip you think these machines contain computer
para computador.” Es una parte básica de chips.
muchos electónicos. Si puedes programar 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
una máquina para que haga algo, tiene un computer chip in a sentence. Use this sentence
chip. Las cafeteras automáticas, los semáforos frame: A computer chip .
y todos los computadores tienen chips de 6. Now let’s say computer chip together three
computadores. more times: computer chip, computer chip,
computer chip.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 device

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to make a list of
1. Another word in the selection is device. Say it devices you use at school and at home. Talk
with me: device. A device is a mechanical or about how each of the devices you listed
electrical item made for a specific purpose. A makes your life easier or more enjoyable.
cell phone is one device that makes our lives 5. Of all the devices you use every day, which
easier. It lets us communicate from almost one device would you not want to live
anywhere. without? Tell your partner what device you
2. En español, device quiere decir “un artículo wouldn’t want to live without and why.
mecánico o eléctrico hecho para un propósito 6. Now let’s say device together three more
determinado, mecanismo.” Un teléfono móvil times: device, device, device.
es un mecanismo que hace nuestra vida más
cómoda. Nos permite comunicarnos desde
cualquier parte.
the word device. I see a DVD player and a
remote. Both of these items are devices that
make our lives more enjoyable. These devices
are used with another device—a television set.
434
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 dialed
Word 4 dome
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 dialed

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are holding a cell phone.
1. Another word in the selection is dialed. Say Now let’s dial a number to call a friend. Now
it with me: dialed. When you have dialed, pretend you are holding your home phone.
you have made a telephone call. I dialed my Dial a number to call a friend.
friend’s phone number on my cell phone. 5. (Draw the numbers 1–9, 0, and * and # on the
2. En español, to dial quiere decir “marcar board the way they appear on a phone.) Come
los números para hacer una llamada por to the board and show me how to dial your
teléfono.” Marqué el teléfono de la casa de mi home phone number. (Have students take
amigo en mi teléfono móvil. turns coming to the board and dialing their
phone numbers.)
the word dialed. (Point to the cell phone.) The 6. Now let’s say dialed together three more
man is using his cell phone. He is pushing the times: dialed, dialed, dialed.
numbers to call someone. He dialed a phone
number to call his friend.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 dome

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of a building with a dome.
1. Another word in the selection is dome. Say it Share your completed picture with a partner.
with me: dome. A dome is the ceiling or roof Explain why the building has a dome.
on a building that looks like a bowl turned 5. Work with your partner to use the word dome
upside down. The United States Capitol in in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
Washington, D.C. has a domed roof. There is I saw inside the dome.
beautiful artwork on the inside of the dome. 6. Now let’s say dome together three more
2. En español, dome quiere decir “un techo times: dome, dome, dome.
redondo, un domo o cúpula.” Un domo
parece un plato sopero al revés. El Capitolio
en Washington, D.C. tiene un domo. El domo
es decorado con ilustraciones bellísimas en su
parte interior.
the word dome. (Point to the dome.) Look at
this building. See how the roof is circular. It
kind of looks like a bowl turned upside down.
This roof is a dome.
436
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 gadget
Word 6 vanish
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 gadget

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about how we use
1. Another word in the selection is gadget. gadgets at school and how you use different
Say it with me: gadget. A gadget is a small gadgets at home.
mechanical device. My MP3 player is a gadget. 5. Draw a picture of your favorite gadget. Make
2. En español, gadget quiere decir “un artículo sure to include details that will show how
mecánico pequeño, un artilugio.” Mi tocador your gadget works and what the gadget can
de MP3 es un artilugio. do. Share your picture with the class.
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates 6. Now let’s say gadget together three more
the word gadget. Look at this small gadget. times: gadget, gadget, gadget.
This gadget is called a PDA, or Personal
Digital Assistant. It is able to send and receive
e-mails. It is small enough to fit in a purse
or a pocket.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 vanish

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are the Sun in the picture.
1. Another word in the selection is vanish. Let’s crouch down and vanish behind the
Say it with me: vanish. To vanish means “to horizon.
disappear or go away.” The moon will vanish 5. Work with your partner to make items in your
from the sky when the sun rises. desk vanish.
2. En español, to vanish quiere decir “perder de 6. Now let’s say vanish together three more
la vista, desaparecer.” La luna desaparecerá times: vanish, vanish, vanish.
del cielo apenas salga el sol.
the word vanish. (Point to the Sun.) Look at
the Sun. It is setting on the horizon. Pretty
soon you won’t be able to see it at all. The
Sun vanishes as the day comes to an end.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 1 Week 4 Full of Energy
fuel, heat, coal, burner,
conduction, convection
fuel heat coal
burner conduction convection
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: conducción, convección.
439
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 lead
Unit 1 Week 5 The School Play
Word 2 program
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 lead

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk about your favorite play. Describe the
1. One word in the selection is lead. Say it with lead character or characters in the play to a
me: lead. A lead is the actor that has the partner.
main role in a play. There is often a male and 5. Imagine you are the lead character in a play
female lead in a play. you have written. What kind of lead character
2. En español, lead quiere decir “principal.” El would you be? Describe your lead character.
actor principal tiene el papel central de una Share your ideas with the class.
obra. Normalmente hay un papel principal 6. Now let’s say lead together three more times:
para un hombre y un papel principal para una lead, lead, lead.
mujer en una obra.
the word lead. This boy and girl are the leads
in their school play. They have the main male
and female roles in the play.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 program

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk about how a program helps the people
1. Another word in the selection is program. Say in the audience who will be viewing the play.
it with me: program. A theater program is a Why is a program important?
small booklet that lists each character and 6. Work with your partner to make a program
describes their role in a play. The program also for an imaginary play. List the names of the
lists the names of the actors who are playing characters and the roles they play in your
each character, as well as the director and program. Share your program with the class.
other important contributors to the play. If 7. Now let’s say program together three more
you were in our school play, your name would times: program, program, program.
be listed in the program.
2. En español, program se dice “programa.” Es
el folleto que dan en una obra que nombra
los personajes y describe los papeles de una
forma resumida. El programa tambien nombra
a los actores, el director y otros contribuidores
importantes. Si estuviste en la obra de nuestro
colegio, tu nombre estaría en el programa.
3. Program in English and programa in Spanish
the word program. Look at the lady. She is at
the theater. She is holding a program. (Point
to the program.) She is reading the names of
the characters and their roles in the play.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 props
Word 4 rehearsal
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 props

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk about how props make the performance
1. Another word in the selection is props. Say it of a play more exciting. Share your ideas with
with me: props. Props are items the actors in a the class.
play use during their performance. We might 5. Imagine you and your partner are in charge of
use posters, a telephone, a broom, and a chair props for a class play. What props might you
as props if we performed a class play. use and why?
2. En español, props quiere decir “accesorios o 6. Now let’s say props together three more times:
atrezo.” Son los artículos que usan los actores props, props, props.
en una obra durante su actuación. En la obra
del colegio, afiches, un teléfono, una escoba y
una silla formaron parte del atrezo.
the word props. (Point to the actors holding
the steering wheels.) Look at the actors. They
are singing and dancing and holding steering
wheels. The steering wheels are the props in
their play.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 rehearsal

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Act out that you are one of the student actors
1. Another word in the selection is rehearsal. in the picture. Show me what you would look
Say it with me: rehearsal. A rehearsal is like and what you would do at rehearsal.
practice before performing a play in front of 5. Work with your partner to show how different
an audience. We will have several rehearsals actors practice their lines for the play at a
before we have our first real performance on rehearsal. Talk about how a rehearsal helps
opening night. the actors in a play.
2. En español, rehearsal quiere decir “práctica 6. Now let’s say rehearsal together three more
de una pieza teatral antes de ser actuada times: rehearsal, rehearsal, rehearsal.
enfrente de una audiencia, ensayo.”
Tendremos varios ensayos antes de la primera
función de verdad.
the word rehearsal. (Point to the students.)
Look at the student actors. They are practicing
reading their characters’ lines in the play. They
are reading their lines from their scripts. The
student actors are at a rehearsal.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 scenery
Word 6 method
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 scenery

1. Another word in the selection is scenery. Say the word scenery. Look at the actors. They are
it with me: scenery. Scenery is the backdrops on stage. I see chairs, a couch, and a table.
and other accessories on a stage that show These things are the scenery in the play. This
the setting of a scene in a play. If we were scenery tells us that the actors are inside a
doing a play about a king and queen, the house. It looks like they are in a living room.
scenery might include a castle wall, a pair of The scenery helps the audience understand
thrones, and a dragon. where the play takes place.
2. En español, scenery quiere decir “el decorado 4. Imagine our class was doing a class play about
del escenario de una obra.” El decorado a trip to the beach. What items might we use
de una obra incluye el telón de fondo y el for the scenery? (Examples include: a backdrop
atrezo u otros accesorios que ayudan a crear that shows the ocean; sand or fabric to look
el escenario. Si estuviésemos planeando una like sand; beach toys; seagulls)
obra con un rey y una reina, el decorado 5. With your partner, think of a setting for your
podría incluir una pared de un castillo, un par own imaginary play. Where will your play take
de tronos y un dragón. place? What scenery will you use? Why?
6. Now let’s say scenery together three more
times: scenery, scenery, scenery.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 method

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. What is your favorite sport? What is your
1. Another word in the selection is method. Say method for preparing to play this sport? Share
it with me: method. A method is a specific your ideas with a partner.
way of doing something. Our gym teacher has 6. Work with your partner to describe and
a method for stretching before running. I have discuss the methods we use in class when
a method for planting tomatoes in my garden. solving math problems and doing science
2. En español, method quiere decir “una manera experiments. Use this sentence frame:
particular de hacer algo, un método.” Nuestro One method we use in class is .
profesor de educación física tiene un método 7. Now let’s say method together three more
para estirarse antes de correr. Yo tengo un times: method, method, method.
método para sembrar tomates en mi jardín.
3. Method in English and método in Spanish are
the word method. (Point to the dancer.) Look
at the dancer. She is stretching and warming
up before she begins dancing. This is her
method for preparing her body to exercise.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 1 Week 5 Ancient India
river valley, weapons, nomad,
ironwork, crops, archaeologist
river valley weapons nomad
ironwork crops archaeologist
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: nómada, arqueólogo.
447
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 carved
Unit 2 Week 1 Buried Palace
Word 2 maze
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 carved

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about something you own or you have
1. One word in the selection is carved. Say it with seen that is carved. Describe to your partner
me: carved. When something has been carved, the object that is carved.
designs or figures have been cut into the 5. Imagine you could carve a statue. What type
surface of it. The top of the box was carved of statue would you carve? What material
with figures of lions and unicorns. would you use to carve your statue?
2. En español, to carve se dice “tallar o esculpir.” 6. Now let’s say carved together three more
Cuando algo es tallado, diseños o figuras han times: carved, carved, carved.
sido grabadas en su superficie. La tapa de la
caja estaba tallada con figuras de leones y
unicornios.
the word carved. (Point to the statues.) Look
at the statues. Someone carved these statues
out of stone.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 maze

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to follow the different
1. Another word in the selection is maze. Say it pathways through the maze in the picture.
with me: maze. A maze is a complicated group Talk about how you could get through the
of interconnecting pathways in which it is maze without getting lost.
hard to find your way from the starting point 5. Work with your partner to use the word maze
to the ending point. I got lost in the maze! My in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
friends had to help me find my way out. The maze .
2. En español, maze quiere decir “un grupo 6. Now let’s say maze together three more times:
complejo de pasillos interconectados en maze, maze, maze.
el cual es difícil encontrar la salida, un
laberinto.“ Me perdí en el laberinto. Mis
amigos tuvieron que encontrarme y ayudarme
a salir.
the word maze. (Point to the maze.) Look at
this garden. It has a lot of different pathways
that connect. This garden is a maze.
450
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 merchant
Word 4 plaster
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 merchant

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Think like a merchant. Draw a picture of
1. One word in the selection is merchant. Say it the food items you would sell at a market.
with me: merchant. A merchant is someone Describe what you would sell as a merchant to
who sells goods such as food and clothing to your partner. Use this sentence frame: I am a
make money. A local merchant is opening a merchant. I sell , , and .
new grocery store on Main Street. 5. Work with your partner to use the word
2. En español, merchant quiere decir “una merchant in a sentence. Use this sentence
persona que vende productos como comida y frame: The merchant .
ropa, comerciante.” Un comerciante local va 6. Now let’s say merchant together three more
a abrir un nuevo supermercado sobre la Calle times: merchant, merchant, merchant.
Main.
the word merchant. (Point to the merchant.)
Look at the man. He is a merchant. He is
selling fruits and vegetables at an outdoor
market. The customers will buy food from this
merchant.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 plaster

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Turn to your partner and talk about why
1. Another word in the selection is plaster. Say this picture demonstrates the word plaster.
it with me: plaster. Plaster is a kind of paste Share your answers with the class. (Responses
that hardens quickly as it dries and is used for include: The painter is using plaster to cover
coating walls and ceilings. The painter will use the walls.)
plaster to coat the walls of my new house. 5. Work with your partner to use the word
2. En español, plaster quiere decir “un tipo de plaster in a sentence. Use the sentence frame:
material plástico que se mezcla con agua, The painter uses plaster to .
se endurece rápidamente mientras se seca y 6. Now let’s say plaster together three more
se usa como cubierta para paredes y techos; times: plaster, plaster, plaster.
yeso.” El pintor usará yeso para cubrir las
paredes de mi nueva casa.
the word plaster. (Point to the painter and
plaster.) Look at the painter. He is spreading
plaster on the walls before he paints them.
452
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 ruins
Word 6 site
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 ruins

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about what you
1. One word in the selection is ruins. Say it with might learn by studying the ruins in the
me: ruins. Ruins are the remains of a building picture. Describe the ruins and discuss what
or city that has been destroyed. The scientists the ruins show.
study the ruins of Greece to learn more about 6. Imagine that a city was destroyed. Draw a
this ancient culture. picture to show what the ruins of the city
2. En español, ruins quiere decir “los restos de un might look like. Share your picture with a
edificio o una ciudad que ha sido destruida, las partner.
ruinas.” Los científicos estudian las ruinas de 7. Now let’s say ruins together three more times:
Grecia para aprender más sobre esta cultura ruins, ruins, ruins.
antigua.
3. Ruins in English and ruinas in Spanish are
the word ruins. Look at the stones and
columns. These stones and columns used to be
part of a building in a city. These are the ruins
of the city.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 site

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. Describe to your partner what you see in the
1. One word in the selection is site. Say it with site in the picture. Use this sentence frame:
me: site. A site is the place where a town, city, In this site I see .
or building is located. I visited the site of the 6. Work with your partner to talk about the site
first Olympic Games in Greece. of our school. Where is the site of our school
2. En español, site quiere decir “el lugar donde located? How would you explain the site of
un pueblo, ciudad o edificio está localizado; our school to a friend that has never been
el sitio.” Visité el sitio de los primeros juegos here?
olímpicos en Grecia. 7. Now let’s say site together three more times:
3. Site in English and sitio in Spanish are site, site, site.
the word site. (Point to the site in Greece.)
Look at the buildings. This is the site of Greek
ruins and buildings.
454
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ELD Content Words
Unit 2 Week 1 Ancient China
herder, currency, civil servant,
Great Wall, emperor, civilization
herder currency civil servant
Great Wall emperor civilization
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: emperador, civilización.
455
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 foreigner
Unit 2 Week 2 Aspasia
Word 2 heir
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 foreigner

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you are a foreigner in another
1. One word in the selection is foreigner. Say it country. What country might you be in? What
with me: foreigner. A foreigner is someone would you want to do there?
who leaves the country he or she lives in to 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
visit another country. I was a foreigner when I foreigner in a sentence. Use this sentence
traveled to France this summer. frame: The foreigner .
2. En español, foreigner quiere decir “una 6. Now let’s say foreigner together three more
persona que deja su país para visitar otro, un times: foreigner, foreigner, and foreigner.
extranjero.” Fui un extranjero cuando viajé a
Francia el verano pasado.
the word foreigner. (Point to the man.) Look
at the man. He is entering the United States
from another country. He is showing the
police officer his passport or documents that
allow him to travel to our country. This man is
a foreigner in our country.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 heir

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture that shows a prince or princess
1. Another word in the selection is heir. Say it who is heir to a king or queen.
with me: heir. An heir is the person entitled 5. Use this sentence frame to share your picture:
to money or property after the death of the He/She is an heir to .
owner. A child is usually the heir to a parent. 6. Now let’s say heir together three more times:
2. En español, heir quiere decir “la persona a heir, heir, heir.
la cual le pertence parte de una herencia
después de que muere el dueño, heredero.”
Un hijo es normalmente heredero de la
propiedad de sus padres.
the word heir. Look at this family. There are
three generations of one family in this photo.
(Point to each person as you talk about them.)
This man is the older man’s son and his heir.
The younger man’s daughter is still very
young, but when she gets older, she will be his
heir.
458
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 inherit
Word 4 middle-class
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 inherit

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to discuss things that
1. One word in the selection is inherit. Say it with people might inherit besides homes. Share
me: inherit. When you inherit something you, your ideas with the class.
receive land or property from a former owner. 5. Talk about something you might inherit from
Often children inherit their home from their someone. Use this sentence frame: I might
parents. inherit from .
2. En español, to inherit quiere decir “recibir 6. Now let’s say inherit together three more
terreno o propiedad que un dueño le deja times: inherit, inherit, inherit.
después de morirse, heredar.” A menudo los
niños heredan las casas de sus padres.
the word inherit. (Point to the house.) Look
at this house. Someday, the children who
live here might inherit this house from their
parents.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 middle-class

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk to your partner about things a middle-
1. Another word in the selection is middle-class. class income family could afford to do and
Say it with me: middle-class. If you are middle- could not afford to do. Share your ideas with
class, you are not rich or poor, you are in the the class.
middle income class. Families in the middle 5. Work with your partner to use the word
class have enough money to pay their bills and middle-class in a sentence. Use the sentence
treat themselves to some luxuries once in a frame: The middle-class .
while. 6. Now let’s say middle-class together three more
2. En español, middle-class se dice “de clase times: middle-class, middle-class, middle-class.
media.” Si pertences a la clase media, no eres
ni rico ni pobre. Las familias de clase media
tienen suficiente dinero para pagar por sus
necesidades y darse lujos de vez en cuando.
the word middle-class. (Point to the family.)
Look at the family. They are not rich or poor,
they are middle-class.
460
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 scholar
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 scholar

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine that you want to be a scholar. Tell
1. One word in the selection is scholar. Say it your partner what you would like to study.
with me: scholar. A scholar is someone who Choose something that really interests you.
has knowledge gained by a lot of study. The 5. Work with your partner to use the word
scholar taught us about exploring ancient scholar in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
countries. The scholar .
2. En español, scholar quiere decir “alguien 6. Now let’s say scholar together three more
que tiene mucho conocimiento por estudiar times: scholar, scholar, scholar.
mucho, un estudiante.” El estudiante nos
enseñó sobre la exploración de países
antiguos.
the word scholar. Look at the students. They
are graduating from high school. They are
wearing their caps and gowns. The students
are scholars.
462
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ELD Content Words
Unit 2 Week 2 Ancient Greece
harbor, sailor, citizen,
merchant, democracy
harbor sailor citizen
merchant democracy
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognate: democracia.
463
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 decline
Unit 2 Week 3 The Mayan Mystery
Word 2 irrigation
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 decline

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 5. Work with your partner to describe how this
1. One word in the selection is decline. Say picture illustrates the word decline. Share your
it with me: decline. To decline means “to ideas with the class.
become weak or get worse.” The houses 6. Now work with your partner to use the word
began to decline when the owners moved decline in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
away and abandoned them. can cause buildings to decline.
2. En español, to decline quiere decir “empeorar 7. Now let’s say decline together three more
en salud y facultades, declinar.” Las casas times: decline, decline, and decline.
empezaron a declinar cuando los dueños se
mudaron y las abandonaron.
3. To decline in English and declinar in Spanish
the word decline. (Point to the ruins.) Look at
the Mayan ruins. They are in poor condition.
The Mayan civilization began to decline
around A.D. 900. These abandoned ruins are
some of what the Mayans left behind.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 irrigation

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk to your partner about why irrigation is
1. Another word in the selection is irrigation. Say important to farmers. How does irrigation
it with me: irrigation. Irrigation is the act of help when it doesn’t rain? What would
supplying water to land to help crops grow. happen to a farmer’s crops without irrigation?
Many farmers have irrigation systems to water 6. Work with your partner to use irrigation in a
their crops when it does not rain. sentence. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, irrigation quiere decir “el proceso Irrigation is important because .
de regar con agua un terreno para ayudar 7. Now let’s say irrigation together three more
el crecimiento de las cosechas, irrigación.” times: irrigation, irrigation, irrigation.
Muchos granjeros tienen sistemas de irrigación
para regar sus cosechas cuando no llueve.
3. Irrigation in English and irrigación in Spanish
the word irrigation. (Point to the crops.) Look
at the crops. There is water in between each
row of the crops. The crops were watered
using an irrigation system.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 puzzle
Word 4 rotted
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 puzzle

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk to your partner about a time you have
1. One word in the selection is puzzle. Say it with had to solve a puzzle. What puzzle did you
me: puzzle. A puzzle is a question, a problem, need to solve? What helped you solve the
or even a toy that presents difficulties with puzzle?
being solved. Some math problems can be 5. Work with your partner to describe how
difficult puzzles to solve. to solve a puzzle in science class. Use this
2. En español, puzzle quiere decir “una pregunta, sentence frame: To solve a puzzle in science
problema o juguete que presenta dificultades class, you .
para ser resuelto; rompecabezas.” Algunos 6. Now let’s say puzzle together three more
problemas matemáticos son rompecabezas times: puzzle, puzzle, puzzle.
muy difíciles de solucionar.
the word puzzle. (Point to the hieroglyph.)
Look at the picture carved in the stone.
The Mayan civilization used hieroglyphs, or
pictures, to tell stories. The meaning of the
Mayan hieroglyphs is a difficult puzzle
to solve.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 rotted

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk to your partner about how you know
1. Another word in the selection is rotted. Say it that a tomato or another fruit has rotted.
with me: rotted. When something has rotted, Share your ideas with the class.
it has decayed and can no longer be eaten or 5. Tell your partner why fruit that has rotted is
used. The apples rotted on the ground. We not good to eat. Use this sentence frame:
could not eat them. We had to throw them I would not eat fruit that has rotted because
away. .
2. En español, to rot quiere decir 6. Now let’s say rotted together three more
“descomponerse tanto que no puede ser times: rotted, rotted, rotted.
usado ni comido, podrir.” Las manzanas se
pudrieron en el suelo. No nos las pudimos
comer. Las tuvimos que botar.
the word rotted. (Point to the tomato.) Look
at the top of the tomato. See all the gray
mold around the top. This used to be the
tomato’s red, ripe skin. The tomato has rotted.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 shield
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 shield

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk to your partner about how you think a
1. One word in the selection is shield. Say it with shield could protect a person in battle. Explain
me: shield. A shield is a piece of armor carried why people used shields.
on the arm that is used to protect the wearer. 5. Work with your partner to use the word shield
Shields were used in the past to protect in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
people as they fought in battles. The shield .
2. En español, shield quiere decir “una pieza de 6. Now let’s say shield together three more
armamento llevada en el brazo para proteger times: shield, shield, shield.
al que la lleva, un escudo.” Los escudos eran
usados en el pasado para proteger a las
personas cuando peleaban en guerras.
the word shield. (Point to the warrior in the
picture.) This is a picture of a Mayan painting.
It shows a warrior in battle. He has a spear in
one hand and a shield in the other. He uses
the shield to protect himself while he fights in
battle.
470
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ELD Content Words
Unit 2 Week 3 The Beginnings of Humanity
tools, hunter, gatherer,
Ice Age, smoke, shelter
tools hunter gatherer
Ice Age smoke shelter
ROUTINE
471
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 archeologist
Unit 2 Week 4 A Great Discovery
Word 2 burial
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 archeologist

1. One word in the selection is archeologist. Say the word archeologist. (Point to the figures in
it with me: archeologist. An archeologist is a the photo.) These people are archeologists.
scientist who studies ancient people and their They are digging in the soil trying to find
cultures. The archeologist discovered the ruins artifacts or ruins from the people who lived in
of an ancient city. this area a long time ago. They can learn a lot
about ancient cultures from the things that
2. En español, archeologist quiere decir
they dig up.
“un científico que estudia las personas
de civilizaciones antiguas y sus culturas, 5. Pretend you are an archeologist studying an
arqueólogo.” El arqueólogo descubrió las ancient ruin. What do you think you might
ruinas de una ciudad antigua. discover and learn?
3. Archeologist in English and arqueólogo in 6. Now, work with your partner to use the word
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost archeologist in a sentence. Use this sentence
the same and mean the same thing in both frame: The archeologist discovered in
languages. the ruins.
7. Now let’s say archeologist together three
more times: archeologist, archeologist, and
archeologist.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 burial

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk to your partner about how the picture
1. Another word in the selection is burial. Say illustrates the word burial. Share your ideas
it with me: burial. A burial is the process of with the class.
putting someone who is no longer living in 5. Work with your partner to use burial in a
the ground. Archeologists have discovered sentence. Use this sentence frame:
ancient burial tombs. The burial tomb .
2. En español, burial quiere decir “el proceso de 6. Now let’s say burial together three more
enterrar o poner bajo tierra alguien que ha times: burial, burial, burial.
dejado de vivir, entierro.” Los arqueólogos han
encontrado tumbas de entierro antiguas.
the word burial. (Point to the tomb.) Look at
the tomb. This is the burial tomb of a king
who lived during ancient times.
474
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 dagger
Word 4 headdress
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 dagger

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Pretend you are an archeologist and have just
1. One word in the selection is dagger. Say it found a dagger in ruins you are exploring.
with me: dagger. A dagger is a very sharp, Draw a picture of the dagger you found and
short knife that is used as a weapon. The share it with your partner.
archeologists found daggers at the ruins. They 5. Work with your partner to describe a dagger.
think people at that site centuries ago were Use this sentence frame:
trying to defend themselves from an enemy. A dagger has a and .
2. En español, dagger quiere decir “un cuchillo 6. Now let’s say dagger together three more
corto muy afilado que se usa como arma, times: dagger, dagger, dagger.
puñal.” Los arequólogos encontraron puñales
en el sitio de excavación. Creen que personas
que estuvieron allí hace siglos se estaban
tratando de defender de un enemigo.
the word dagger. (Point to the dagger.) Look
at the knife. I see that it has a sharp, pointed
blade and a handle. This is a dagger.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 headdress

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to describe each
1. Another word in the selection is headdress. man’s headdress in the photo. Discuss why the
Say it with me: headdress. A headdress is a men wear headdresses.
covering or decoration that is worn on the 5. Design a headdress that reflects your culture.
head. Many people in the Middle East wear a Draw a picture of the headdress and share it
headdress everyday. with the class. Explain how your headdress is a
2. En español, headdress quiere decir “una symbol of your culture.
cobertura o decoración que se coloca sobre 6. Now let’s say headdress together three more
la cabeza.” Muchas personas en el Medio times: headdress, headdress, headdress.
Oriente se colocan una pañoleta sobre la
cabeza a diario.
the word headdress. (Point to each man’s
headdress.) Look at the men. Look at the
decoration covering their heads. This is
called a headdress. These men each wear a
headdress that reflects their culture.
476
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 omen
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 omen

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk to your partner about things you know
1. One word in the selection is omen. Say it that are considered omens. Describe what
with me: omen. An omen is a certain thing these things are and why they are thought
that is a sign that something bad is going to to be omens.
happen. Some people believe that opening an 5. Work with your partner to use the word omen
umbrella inside a building, dark clouds, or a in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
black cat crossing your path are omens. An omen .
2. En español, omen quiere decir “algo que se 6. Now let’s say omen together three more
considera como una señal de que algo malo times: omen, omen, omen.
va a ocurrir, augurio malo.” Algunas personas
creen que abrir una sombrilla adentro de una
casa, las nubes negras y los gatos negros que
cruzan por tu camino son malos augurios.
the word omen. Look at the numbers in the
picture. I see the number 13. Many people
believe that the number 13 is an omen. Most
public buildings such as offices and hotels
don’t have a 13th floor because of this omen.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 2 Week 4 Civilization Begins
farm, farming village,
Fertile Crescent, trade, irrigation
farm farming village Fertile Crescent
trade irrigation
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: Creciente Fértil, irrigación.
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ELD Vocabulary Words
Unit 2 Week 5 Arts of the Navajo
Word 1 dye
Word 2 fiber
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 dye

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to discuss the
1. One word in the selection is dye. Say it with different colors of dye used to make the yarns
me: dye. Dye is a liquid used to make different in the picture.
colors in cloth and paper. I want to use red 5. Now work with your partner to go on a “dye
dye to color my T-shirt. hunt.” Find items in the classroom that have
2. En español, dye quiere decir “un líquido que been dyed. Talk about what colors of dye
se usa para cambiar la tela o el papel de color, were used in each item. Use this sentence
un tinte.” Quiero usar un tinte rojo para pintar frame: dye was used to color
mi camiseta. .
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates 6. Now let’s say dye together three more times:
the word dye. (Point to the dyed yarn.) Look dye, dye, dye.
at the different colored yarn in the picture.
Dye was used to make each of these different
colors.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 fiber

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk to your partner about some of the things
1. Another word in the selection is fiber. Say it that might be made with the fiber in the
with me: fiber. Fiber is one of the threads, picture. Use this sentence frame: ,
such as cotton, that composes a fabric. , and will be made with
Our shirts, socks, and pants are made from the fiber in this picture.
different types of fibers. 6. Work with your partner to make a list of all
2. En español, fiber quiere decir “un tipo de the things in the classroom that are made
hebra, como de algodón, que compone una with fiber. Share your list with the class.
tela o tejido.” Nuestras camisas, medias y 7. Now let’s say fiber together three more times:
pantalones son hechos de distintos tipos de fiber, fiber, fiber.
fibras.
3. Fiber in English and fibra in Spanish are
the word fiber. (Point to the wool.) Look at
the wool fiber. This wool fiber will be used to
make clothes and other fabric products.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 weave
Word 4 weavings
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 weave

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Think that you are the girl in the photo. Show
1. One word in the selection is weave. Say it me how you connect threads to weave. What
with me: weave. To weave means “to form a will you weave?
fabric or other material by combining various 5. Work with your partner to take turns showing
threads or yarns.” Native Americans weave each other how to weave. Tell each other
blankets and clothes. what you are making as you weave.
2. En español, to weave quiere decir “formar 6. Now let’s say weave together three more
una tela u otro material combinando varias times: weave, weave, weave.
fibras, hebras o lana; tejer.” Los indígenas
americanos tejen cobijas y ropa.
the word weave. (Point to the Native
American girl.) Look at the girl. See how she
is connecting the threads to make something.
This is how you weave.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 weavings

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Think that you know how to weave. Draw
1. Another word in the selection is weavings. Say a picture of the weavings you would make.
it with me: weavings. Weavings are beautiful Share your picture with a partner.
blankets, clothes, or other decorative items 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
that have been made when a person weaves. weavings in a sentence. Use this sentence
The Native Americans sold their weavings at frame: The weavings .
the market. 6. Now let’s say weavings together three more
2. En español, weavings quiere decir “cobijas, times: weavings, weavings, weavings.
ropa y otros artículos decorativos que alguien
teje; tejidos.” Los indígenas americanos
vendieron sus tejidos en el mercado.
3. Now, let’s look at a picture that demonstrates
the word weavings. (Point to the weavings.)
Look at the beautiful weavings. Native
Americans have made these weavings by
connecting different colors of thread and
making patterns.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 spun
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 spun

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to describe how the
1. One word in the selection is spun. Say it with picture illustrates the word spun. Share your
me: spun. When fiber has been spun, it has ideas with the class.
been twisted into thread. Pioneer women 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
spun yarn on spinning wheels. spun in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, to spin quiere decir “girar o torcer The fiber was spun into .
un material para hacer hilo, hilar.” Las mujeres 6. Now let’s say spun together three more times:
pioneras hilaban lana sobre ruedas giratorias. spun, spun, spun.
the word spun. Look at the spools of thread.
The fiber was spun on a machine to make this
thread. The thread will now be used to make
clothes and other fabric items.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 2 Week 5 The Rise of Egypt
pharaoh, dynasty, pyramid,
beads, ivory, ebony
pharaoh dynasty pyramid
beads ivory ebony
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: faraón, dinastía, pirámide, ébano.
487
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 expectations
Unit 3 Week 1 The Summer of Surprises
Word 2 legacy
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 expectations

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about expectations you
1. One word in the selection is expectations. Say have about celebrating your next birthday.
it with me: expectations. Expectations are What are your expectations about food on
things we hope or predict will happen. I have your birthday? Do you have expectations
expectations that you will all be good listeners about a party or celebration?
during the assembly. 6. Discuss expectations your teachers have about
2. En español, expectations quiere decir “lo que how you should behave in class. What are
se cree o espera que ocurra, expectativas.” Mis expectations about lunchroom behavior?
expectativas de ustedes es que escucaharán y What are expectations about library behavior?
se comportarán bien durante la asamblea. 7. Now let’s say expectations together three
3. Expectations in English and expectativas in more times: expectations, expectations,
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost expectations.
languages.
the word expectations. (Point to the baby
bird.) This baby bird’s mother has just come
back with food to share with the baby bird.
The baby bird has expectations that it is about
to be fed, so it has its mouth wide open. The
baby bird is ready to eat.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 legacy

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to talk about some
1. Another word in the selection is legacy. Say it of the old buildings or monuments in our
with me: legacy. A legacy is something handed community. Discuss why these buildings are
down from one generation to the next. Old each a legacy from our past.
buildings and monuments are a legacy from 5. In some families a legacy item is passed down
our past. We can learn about our history from from generation to generation. Draw a picture
old buildings and monuments. of a legacy item that is special to your family.
2. En español, legacy quiere decir “lo que se If you don’t have one, think of a special item
transmite de una generación a otra, legado that belongs to you that you might want
o herencia.” Edificios viejos y monumentos to pass along as a legacy to future family
son la herencia de nuestro pasado. Podemos members. Share your completed picture with
aprender sobre nuestra historia de estos your partner and describe the legacy item.
edificios y monumentos. 6. Now let’s say legacy together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates times: legacy, legacy, legacy.
the word legacy. (Point to the old building.)
Look at this old building. This old building is a
legacy from the past.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 obvious
Word 4 muttered
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 obvious

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Place three similar objects on your desk, with
1. Another word in the selection is obvious. Say it one object that is different from the others.
with me: obvious. When something is obvious Ask your partner to complete this sentence:
it is easily seen, recognized, or understood. It is obvious that is not like the
It is obvious you are tired because you are others because .
resting your head on your desk. 6. Talk with your partner about how it is obvious
2. En español, obvious quiere decir “algo when you are hungry. Use this sentence frame:
fácilmente visto, reconocido o entendido; It is obvious I am hungry because .
obvio.” Es obvio que estás cansado porque 7. Now let’s say obvious together three more
tienes la cabeza sobre el escritorio. times: obvious, obvious, obvious.
3. Obvious in English and obvio in Spanish are
the word obvious. (Point to the red pieces.)
Look at the red pieces. Now look at the yellow
piece. It is obvious the yellow piece is not like
the rest of the group.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 muttered

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Some people mutter when they have a hard
1. Another word in the selection is muttered. day. What are some things they might mutter
Say it with me: muttered. When you have about? Share your ideas with your partner.
muttered, you have complained in a low, 5. Now pretend your team just lost the
unclear tone of voice. People often mutter championship soccer game after practicing
when they are angry about something, or very hard every day. Show your partner how
when they are asked to do something they you would mutter.
don’t want to do. My nephew muttered when 6. Now let’s say muttered together three more
I asked him to put his toys away. times: muttered, muttered, muttered.
2. En español, to mutter quiere decir “quejarse
en voz baja y poco clara, refunfuñar.” Las
personas normalmente refunfuñan cuando
están enojadas por algo o cuando se les ha
pedido que hagan algo que no quieren hacer.
Mi sobrino refunfuñó cuando le pedí que
guardara sus juguetes.
the word muttered. (Point to the boy.) Look
at the boy. He looks grumpy. He muttered to
himself about what happened to make him
feel so grumpy. No one else could hear what
he was saying when he muttered to himself,
so they didn’t know why he was upset.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 parchment
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 parchment

1. Another word in the selection is parchment. picture illustrates the word parchment. Share
Say it with me: parchment. Parchment is the your ideas with the class.
skin of an animal that has been prepared 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
to write on. Many years ago, important parchment in a sentence. Use this sentence
information was recorded on parchment, not frame: was written on parchment
paper. paper.
2. En español, parchment quiere decir “la piel de 6. Now let’s say parchment together three more
un animal que ha sido preparada para escribir times: parchment, parchment, parchment.
sobre ella, un pergamino.” Hace muchos años,
la información importante era grabada sobre
pergamino, no sobre papel.
the word parchment. Look at this old
document. It is written on parchment paper,
made out of animal skin. The parchment
paper is very old and fragile.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 3 Week 1 The Sun’s Energy
climate, weather, humidity,
Affects the Weather
altitude, evaporation, clouds
climate weather humidity
altitude evaporation clouds
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: clima, humedad, altitud, evaporación.
495
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 hesitate
Unit 3 Week 2 The Sad Prince
Word 2 restore
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 hesitate

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s act like we are walking down a
1. One word in the selection is hesitate. Say it busy street and we need to cross to the other
with me: hesitate. Hesitate means “to pause side. Show me how we should hesitate before
or wait before doing or saying something.” crossing the street.
The loud crack of thunder made me hesitate 5. Now let’s pretend we are standing on a
before going outside. very tall diving board. We are going to jump
2. En español, to hesitate quiere decir “pausar o into the swimming pool. Show me how you
parar antes de hacer o decir algo, vacilar.” El might hesitate before jumping in.
rujido del trueno me hizo vacilar antes de salir 6. Now let’s say hesitate together three more
de la casa. times: hesitate, hesitate, hesitate.
the word hesitate. (Point to the climber.) This
climber is very high up on the side of the cliff.
He looked down for a moment and it made
him hesitate before he took another step,
but he didn’t get scared. After a moment, he
started moving up the cliff again.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 restore

1. Another word in the selection is restore. Say it physical therapist will help the man restore
with me: restore. To restore means “to bring his strength. Use this sentence frame: The
back to a former condition or to bring back physical therapist will help the man restore his
to good health.” When you get sick you often strength by and .
need rest to restore your strength. 6. Talk about a time you have had to work
2. En español, to restore quiere decir to restore something. Describe what it was
“arreglar la condición de algo a su condición and how you were able to restore this item.
original.” Cuando te enfermas, necesitas 7. Now let’s say restore together three more
descansar para poder restaurar tus fuerzas. times: restore, restore, restore.
3. To restore in English and restaurar in
languages.
4. Now let’s look at a picture that
demonstrates the word restore. (Point to the
man and the physical therapist.) Look at the
man. He is working with a physical therapist
to restore the strength in his leg. He must
have suffered an injury to his leg.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 precious
Word 4 comfort
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 precious

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Work with your partner to make a list of
1. Another word in the selection is precious. precious items. Discuss why each item is
Say it with me: precious. When something considered precious. Share your list with the
is precious it is very valuable, treasured, and class.
cherished. The museum has precious jewelry 6. Think about something you own that
on exhibit. is precious to you. Draw a picture of this
2. En español, precious quiere decir “muy precious object. Share your completed
valioso, querido, apreciado; precioso.” El picture with the class. Use this sentence
museo tiene joyas preciosas en exhibición. frame: is precious to me
because .
3. Precious in English and precioso in Spanish
are cognates. They sound almost the same 7. Now let’s say precious together three
and mean the same thing in both languages. more times: precious, precious, precious.
the word precious. (Point to the gems.) Look at
the beautiful gems. They are very valuable and
important. These are precious gems. They have
great value.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 comfort

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Role play a scene in which you have a
1. Another word in the selection is comfort. Say cold. Your partner should offer comfort to you
it with me: comfort. To comfort means to to help you feel better. Trade roles and offer
“make someone feel better.” When I am sad, comfort to your sick partner.
my mom comforts me by giving me a hug. 5. Work with your partner to demonstrate
2. En español, to comfort quiere decir different ways to comfort people when they
“hacer que alguien se sienta mejor, consolar.” are sick or sad. What things might you say and
Cuando estoy triste, mi madre me consuela do to offer comfort?
dándome un abrazo. 6. Now let’s say comfort together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that times: comfort, comfort, comfort.
demonstrates the word comfort. (Point to
the girl and the doctor.) Look at the girl. She
doesn’t look like she feels too well. The doctor
is touching her arm and talking to her. The
doctor is offering comfort to make the girl
feel better. To comfort her, the doctor will
say things like, “Everything’s going to be fine.
You’ll feel better soon. I’ll give you medicine
that will make you well.”
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 encourage
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 encourage

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Act out that you are running in the race. Have
1. Another word in the selection is encourage. your partner encourage you to keep running.
Say it with me: encourage. To encourage Trade roles and encourage your partner to
means “to inspire or support someone with keep running.
courage and hope.” I always encourage my 5. Imagine one of our classmates is having a
students to keep trying to solve tricky math hard time completing an assignment. Show
problems. your partner how you would encourage
2. En español, to encourage quiere decir your classmate to keep trying. Then have
“inspirar o apoyar a alguien con esperanza your partner show you how he or she would
y valentía, animar.” Siempre animo a mis encourage the classmate.
estudiantes a que continúen tratando de 6. Now let’s say encourage together three more
solucionar los problemas matemáticos más times: encourage, encourage, encourage.
difíciles.
3. Now let’s look at a picture that
demonstrates the word encourage. Look at
the kids running. Now look at their friends
waiting for them. They are reaching their
hands out to the runners. They encourage
the runners to keep running the race.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 3 Week 2 Greek Mythology
epic, fable, god, goddess,
Mount Olympus, drama
epic fable god
goddess Mount Olympus drama
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: épico, fábula.
503
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 chores
Unit 3 Week 3 Mary McLeod Bethune
Word 2 enrolled
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 chores

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about the chores you do around your
1. One word in the selection is chores. Say it with house. Now act out some of the chores you
me: chores. Chores are small jobs that you do do. We will guess what your chores are.
around your house or school. Washing dishes 5. Now think about some of the chores you do in
and doing the laundry are a few of the chores our classroom. Act out some of these chores.
I do around my house. We will guess the chore you are doing.
2. En español, chores quiere decir “las tareas o 6. Now let’s say chores together three more
deberes que tienes que hacer en la casa o la times: chores, chores, chores.
escuela, los quehaceres.” Lavar la loza y la
ropa son algunos de los quehaceres que me
corresponden en mi casa.
the word chores. (Point to the girls.) Look
at the girls. They are washing the dishes.
Washing the dishes is one of the chores they
do around their house.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 enrolled

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe a class or activity you have enrolled
1. Another word in the selection is enrolled. Say in. Use this sentence frame: I enrolled in
it with me: enrolled. When you have enrolled, .
you have entered or registered for a class 5. Think about a class or activity you would
or activity. I enrolled in art lessons for the like to enroll in. Use this sentence frame to
summer. I will be enrolled in art classes for six describe what you want to enroll in: I want to
weeks. enroll in because .
2. En español, to enroll quiere decir “registrarse 6. Now let’s say enrolled together three more
para una clase o actividad, inscribirse.” Me times: enrolled, enrolled, enrolled.
inscribí en clases de arte este verano. Estaré
tomando clases por seis semanas.
the word enrolled. Look at the kids. They are
at school. They enrolled in a class.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 funding
Word 4 scholarship
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 funding

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about something you would like to see
1. Another word in the selection is funding. at our school. Describe what you think our
Say it with me: funding. Funding means “the school needs and how you would get funding
money or funds needed for a particular cause to purchase the item.
such as a school or organization.” Our school 5. Work with your partner to use the word
got funding to buy musical instruments for funding in sentences. Use these sentence
our music program. frames:
2. En español, funding quiere decir “el dinero We need funding for .
o fondos que se necesita para una causa We could get funding by .
particular, el patrocinamiento.” Nuestro 6. Now let’s say funding together three more
colegio recibió patrocinamiento para times: funding, funding, funding.
comprar instrumentos musicales para nuestro
departamento de música.
the word funding. (Point to the man.) Look
at the man. He is at a bank. The bank teller
is giving him money. The man is getting
the funding he needs for his school or
organization.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 scholarship

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk about what you think the graduate had
1. Another word in the selection is scholarship. to do to earn a scholarship. Share your ideas
Say it with me: scholarship. A scholarship is with the class.
money awarded to deserving students to pay 5. There are many ways to earn scholarships to
for education. I earned a scholarship that attend college. With your partner, make a list
helped me pay for my college education. of things you can do to earn a scholarship for
2. En español, scholarship quiere decir “dinero college. Share your list with another pair.
otorgado a un estudiante merecedor para 6. Now let’s say scholarship together three more
ayudar a pagar por su educación, una beca.” times: scholarship, scholarship, scholarship.
Me gané una beca que me ayudó a pagar la
universidad.
the word scholarship. (Point to the graduate.)
I see a young man who is graduating. The
professor is handing him his diploma. Many
students get scholarships to go to this school.
This student is happy he got a scholarship so
he could attend this school and receive his
diploma.
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ELD Vocabulary Words
Unit 3 Week 3 Mary McLeod Bethune Word 5 training
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 training

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Act out that you are one of the students
1. Another word in the selection is training. training in the picture. Show me how you
Say it with me: training. Training means to would train to get in shape.
“become prepared for a certain skill.” My 5. Think that you are training to play on the
cousin is in training for the Olympics. She is Olympic basketball team. Show me what you
on the Olympic swim team. She is in training would do during your training.
every day with her team, swimming and lifting 6. Now let’s say training together three more
weights, so she can do well at the Olympics. times: training, training, training.
2. En español, training quiere decir “preparación
para llevar a cabo un aactividad o deporte,
entrenamiento.” Mi prima está en
entrenamiento para los juegs olímpicos. Está
en el equpo nacional de natación. Ella va a
entrenamiento todos los días con su equipo.
Nadan y alzan pesas para que les pueda ir bien
en la competencia.
the word training. Look at the girls walking.
They are working very hard to get in shape.
They are training. They walk three miles every
day as part of their training.
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ELD Content Words academics, city-state, warship,
Unit 3 Week 3 Sparta, Athens, and
the Persian and
Peloponnesian Wars soldier, Persia, defense
academics city-state warship
soldier Persia defense
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: soldado, defensa.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 compromise
Unit 3 Week 4 The Big Decision
Word 2 commitment
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 compromise

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to act out the scene
1. One word in the selection is compromise. in the picture. Show us how you would
Say it with me: compromise. When people compromise about sharing the headphones
compromise, they each agree to give up and listening to the music.
something that they feel entitled to in order 5. Now imagine you and your partner both want
to reach a settlement. Our class compromised to play with the same toy at recess. Show us
with the other class on what movie we were how you would share and compromise.
going to watch first. 6. Now let’s say compromise together three more
2. En español, to compromise quiere decir “acordar times: compromise, compromise, compromise.
con otra persona, comprometer.” Cuando dos
personas comprometen algo, cada una cede
o deja algo para llegar a un acuerdo. Nuestra
clase comprometió con la otra para llegar a una
decisión sobre qué película veríamos.
the word compromise. (Point to the girls.)
Each girl wants to hear the music. To
compromise, they take turns with the
earphones. They share and both girls get to
hear the music.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 commitment

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe a commitment you have made. Use
1. Another word in the selection is commitment. this sentence frame: I made a commitment to
Say it with me: commitment. When you make . Because I made a commitment, I
a commitment, you promise to do something, will .
like play on a sports team or take care of a 5. Think about a commitment we have made as
pet. Each of you made a commitment to help a class. Use this sentence frame to describe
take care of our class pet. the commitment: We made a commitment to
2. En español, commitment quiere decir “una .
promesa que se va a hacer algo, compromiso.” 6. Now let’s say commitment together three
Cuando haces un compromiso, prometes more times: commitment, commitment,
hacer algo, como cuando juegas en un commitment.
equipo deportivo o te comprometes a cuidar
a una mascota. Cada uno de ustedes tiene el
compromiso de ayudar a cuidar a la mascota
de la clase.
the word commitment. Look at the boys. They
are on a basketball team. They each made a
commitment to play on the basketball team.
They made a commitment to come to the
practices and the games and to do their best
for the team.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 judge
Word 4 fearsome
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 judge

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk about how the picture illustrates the
1. Another word in the selection is judge. Say word judge. What parts of the picture help
it with me: judge. A judge is a public official you know that she is a judge? Share your ideas
authorized to make decisions about cases with the class.
brought before a court. A judge decides 5. Imagine you are a judge. What types of
whether a law or rule has been broken. The decisions would you make to help the kids in
judge decided all people must wear helmets our community stay safe? Use this sentence
when riding their bikes. frame to share your ideas: As a judge, I would
2. En español, judge quiere decir “un oficial and to help kids stay
público autorizado a tomar decisiones sobre safe.
casos que son llevados a la corte, un juez.” El 6. Now let’s say judge together three more
juez decide si una ley ha sido incumplida. El times: judge, judge, judge.
juez decidió que todas las personas deben usar
cascos cuando montan en bicicleta.
the word judge. (Point to the lady.) Look
at the lady. She is sitting at her desk in a
courtroom. This lady is a judge. She will make
the decisions in this courtroom.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 fearsome

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of an animal you find
1. Another word in the selection is fearsome. fearsome. Share your picture with the class.
Say it with me: fearsome. Something that is Use this sentence frame: is a
fearsome causes people to feel fear and awe. fearsome animal because .
Wild lions are fearsome animals. I would be 5. Make a list of other things you find fearsome.
afraid to meet a lion in the jungle. Describe the things on your list to a partner
2. En español, fearsome quiere decir “que causa and explain why you find these things
susto y asombro, temible.” Los leones salvajes fearsome.
son animales temibles. Me daría temor 6. Now let’s say fearsome together three more
encontrarme con un león en la selva. times: fearsome, fearsome, fearsome.
the word fearsome. Look at the crocodile.
It has large jaws and big, sharp teeth. Most
people are afraid of crocodiles because they
are fearsome animals.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 alternate
Word 6 announcement
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 alternate

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 5. Work with your partner to discuss how the
1. Another word in the selection is alternate. Say picture illustrates the word alternate. See if
it with me: alternate. An alternate is someone you can name other alternate forms of energy.
or something that takes the place of another. Share your ideas with the class.
David is our alternate soccer player today 6. Work with your partner to use the word
because Marco is sick. He is taking Marco’s alternate in a sentence. Use this sentence
place on the team. frame: is an alternate for
2. En español, alternate quiere decir “alguien o .
algo que puede remplazar a otro, alterno.” 7. Now let’s say alternate together three more
David, el futbolista alterno, jugará hoy porque times: alternate, alternate, alternate.
Marco está enfermo. David remplazará a
Marco en el partido.
3. Alternate in English and alterno in Spanish are
the word alternate. (Point to the solar panels.)
The items in the picture are called solar
panels. Solar panels can be used to create
electricity. Solar panels are alternate sources
of energy.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 announcement

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you are the coach of this soccer team.
1. Another word in the selection is Tell us what announcement you would make.
announcement. Say it with me: 5. Now, pretend you are the principal of our
announcement. An announcement is a school. Take turns with your partner making
statement made to a group. The principal announcements to the students.
made an announcement that there would be 6. Now let’s say announcement together three
no choir practice after school today. more times: announcement, announcement,
2. En español, announcement quiere decir “un announcement.
aviso o información dada a un grupo, un
anuncio.” El rector hizo un anuncio hoy que
no habría práctica de coro después de clases.
the word announcement. Look at the kids.
They are on a soccer team. Their coach
is making an announcement. The players
are listening carefully to the coach’s
announcement.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 3 Week 4 Confucius
ruler, peace, nature, fair,
and Lao-Tzu
good manners, benevolence
ruler peace nature
fair good manners benevolence
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: paz, naturaleza, benevolencia.
519
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 considered
Unit 3 Week 5 All About Baseball
Word 2 pioneer
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 considered

1. One word in the selection is considered. the word considered. (Point to the woman.)
Say it with me: considered. When you have Look at the woman. She is at a shoe store. She
considered something or someone, you have is trying to make a choice about which shoes
had to think seriously about the thing or she is going to buy. She has considered which
person to make a choice. Our class considered shoes would be best for her. She is almost
if we would go outside or stay inside at recess ready to make a choice.
today since it was raining. 5. Work with your partner to act out the scene
2. En español, to consider quiere decir “pensar in the picture. Show us how you considered
seriamente en algo o alguien para tomar which shoes to buy. Tell us what helps you
una decisión, considerar.” Nuestra clase make your choice.
consideró si saldríamos a tomar el recreo o si 6. Now imagine you and your partner are trying
nos quedaríamos en el salón durante el recreo, to choose which movie to see. Show us how
pues estaba lloviendo. you considered this choice and tell us how you
3. To consider in English and considerar in made your choice.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say considered together three more
the same and mean the same thing in both times: considered, considered, considered.
languages.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 pioneer

1. Another word in the selection is pioneer. the word pioneer. Look at the baseball player
Say it with me: pioneer. A pioneer is the in the picture. This is Jackie Robinson. He was
first person or one of the first people to do a pioneer because he became the first African
something. Benjamin Franklin was a pioneer in American to play major-league baseball.
discovering how electricity works. 5. Work with your partner to describe and
2. En español, pioneer quiere decir “la discuss why Jackie Robinson was a pioneer.
primera persona o personas en hacer algo, 6. Think about a person you know or have
pionero.” Benjamin Franklin fue un pionero read about that has been the first person
es el descubrimiento de cómo funciona la or one of the first people to do something.
electricidad. Explain why this person is a pioneer. Use
3. Pioneer in English and pionero in Spanish are this sentence frame: is a pioneer
cognates. They sound almost the same and because .
mean the same thing in both languages. 7. Now let’s say pioneer together three more
times: pioneer, pioneer, pioneer.
522
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 display
Word 4 eligible
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 display

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk about a display you have seen. Tell your
1. One word in the selection is display. Say it partner what was in the display and what you
with me: display. A display is an arrangement found interesting about the display.
of merchandise. We saw a display of baseball 5. Imagine we are going to display the projects
cards at the museum. we have created this school year. Describe
2. En español, display quiere decir “un arreglo de where and how we will display these items.
algo para mostrarlo, una exhibición.” Vimos 6. Now let’s say display together three more
una exposición de tarjetas de béisbol en el times: display, display, display.
museo.
the word display. (Point to the boys and the
baseball memorabilia.) Look at the boys. They
are in a baseball store. The store owner has
created a display of baseball players and their
accomplishments.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 eligible

1. One word in the selection is eligible. Say it the word eligible. Look at the baseball players.
with me: eligible. Eligible means someone They are some of the best players on their
meets the requirements for something. You teams. All of the good work they have done
have to make good grades to be eligible to for their teams makes them eligible for the
join the student council. Most Valuable Player award at the end of
their baseball season. Both boys are hoping to
2. En español, eligible quiere decir “que llena
get the award.
los requisitos para algo, elegible.” Tienes que
lograr buenas calificaciones para ser elegible 5. Think of a sports team or group you are a
para el concejo estudiantil. member of or would like to be a member of.
What requirements do you have to meet to be
3. Eligible in English and elegible in Spanish are
eligible to join this team or group?
mean the same thing in both languages. 6. Work with your partner to use the word
eligible in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
You have to to be eligible to
.
7. Now let’s say eligible together three more
times: eligible, eligible, eligible.
524
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 candidates
Word 6 season
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 candidates

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 5. Work with your partner to discuss candidates
1. Another word in the selection is candidates. you are familiar with or have read about.
Say it with me: candidates. Candidates are Describe who the candidates are and what
people who have been put forward by others office they were being considered for.
for an office or an honor. Hillary Clinton and 6. Work with your partner to use the word
John McCain were two of the candidates that candidates in a sentence. Use this sentence
ran for President in 2008. frame: The candidates .
2. En español, candidates quiere decir “las 7. Now let’s say candidates together three more
personas que se lanzan para una posición u times: candidates, candidates, candidates.
honor, candidatos.” Hillary Clinton y John
McCain son dos de los candidatos que se
lanzaron a la presidencia en el 2008.
3. Candidates in English and candidatos in
languages.
the word candidates. (Point to John Kerry and
John Edwards.) I see two men in the picture.
These men are John Kerry and John Edwards.
They were candidates for President and
Vice-President during the 2004 Presidential
Election.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 season

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about the season of these sports: soccer,
1. One word in the selection is season. Say it swimming, and basketball. Describe the
with me: season. A season in sports is the season of these sports.
time of the year a sport is usually played. 5. Now think about your favorite sport to play
Football season begins in August and ends in or watch. Tell your partner the season of your
November. favorite sport.
2. En español, season quiere decir “el tiempo 6. Now let’s say season together three more
en el año en que un deporte se juega, times: season, season, season.
temporada.” La temporada de fútbol
americano empieza en agosto y termina en
noviembre.
the word season. Look at the kids. They are
playing baseball. Baseball season runs from
April to October, but is mostly thought of as
a summer sport.
526
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ELD Content Words
Unit 3 Week 5 How Sand Builds
grains, sediment, shoreline,
Beaches
breakers, sandbars, shallow
grains sediment shoreline
breakers sandbars shallow
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: granos, sedimento.
527
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 disabled
Unit 4 Week 1 Runner Marla Runyan
Word 2 qualify
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 disabled

1. One word in the selection is disabled. Say it the word disabled. (Point to the man in the
with me: disabled. When people are disabled, wheelchair.) Look at the man. He is in a
they have physical or mental conditions that wheelchair. He is using a wheelchair ramp to
limit a major life activity like walking, hearing, get on a bus. This man is disabled and must
or seeing. Some disabled people’s legs are use a wheelchair to get around.
injured and they must use wheelchairs to get 4. Imagine that you have lost the use of your
from one place to another. legs and you are disabled. You have to use a
2. En español, disabled quiere decir “que tiene wheelchair to get from one place to another.
una condición mental o física que limita What do you think it would be like to be
ciertas abilidades como caminar, escuchar disabled? Talk to your partner about how your
o ver; minusválido.” Las piernas de algunos life would change.
minusválidos han sido lesionadas y necesitan 5. Now talk about how you can help a person
usar sillas de ruedas para desplazarse de un who is disabled. Use this sentence frame: I can
lugar a otro. help a disabled person by and .
6. Now let’s say disabled together three more
times: disabled, disabled, disabled.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 qualify

1. Another word in the selection is qualify. Say the word qualify. (Point out the runner
it with me: qualify. To qualify means “to crossing the finish line.) Look at the runner.
demonstrate the required ability to do a She is out in front and crossing the finish line.
certain task.” Runners often have to qualify Now she can qualify to run in a race.
or prove to be good enough to enter a track 5. Describe and discuss how a runner might
meet. qualify for a race. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, to qualify quiere decir “demostrar The runner can qualify for the race by .
las abilidades requeridas para hacer algo, 6. Imagine you are an Olympic athlete
calificar.” Los corredores a menudo tienen competing in the swimming events. Tell your
que calificar o comprobar que son lo partner how you might qualify to compete for
suficientemente buenos para participar en the gold medal.
una carrera. 7. Now let’s say qualify together three more
3. To qualify in English and calificar in Spanish times: qualify, qualify, qualify.
530
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 impaired
Word 4 magnifier
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 impaired

1. One word in the selection is impaired. the word impaired. (Point to the boy’s
Say it with me: impaired. Impaired means eyeglasses.) Look at the boy. He is wearing
“something is less than full strength.” If your eyeglasses because his vision is mildly
vision is impaired, it is less than full strength. impaired. Wearing glasses will help correct
You might have to wear glasses to correct his vision.
your vision. 4. Suppose your hearing is impaired. Tell your
2. En español, impaired quiere decir “de menos partner what you might need to do to correct
de la potencia completa, perjudicado, your hearing.
dañado.” Si tienes visión dañada, ves menos 5. Work with your partner to use the word
que con la potencia completa de la visión impaired in a sentence. Use this sentence
normal. Tal vez tengas que usar lentes para frame: My hearing is impaired so I .
corregir tu visión. 6. Now let’s say impaired together three more
times: impaired, impaired, impaired.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 magnifier

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to discuss how using
1. One word in the selection is magnifier. Say it a magnifier helps you to better see some
with me: magnifier. A magnifier is something very small print in a newspaper, book, or
that makes things larger. You can use a magazine.
magnifier to help you better see little objects. 5. Talk with your partner about what you would
We will use the magnifier to look at the ants. like to look at using a magnifier. Use this
2. En español, magnifier quiere decir “algo que sentence frame:
hace que las cosas se vean o sean más grandes, I would use a magnifier to look at and
ampliador.” Puedes usar un ampliador cuando because .
quieres ver cosas muy pequeñas. Usaremos un 6. Now let’s say magnifier together three more
ampliador para ver a las hormiguitas. times: magnifier, magnifier, magnifier.
the word magnifier. Look at the picture. I see
a purple flower. (Point to the magnifier.) The
person in the picture is using a magnifier to
see the flower better. The magnifier makes
the flower look larger.
532
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ELD Content Words ecosystem, producer, consumer,
Unit 4 Week 1 Producers, Consumers,
and Decomposers photosynthesis, decomposer, food chain
ecosystem producer consumer
photosynthesis decomposer food chain
ROUTINE
4. Explain how these six words fit into a group, or category. During independent work
time, have children write sentences for each word.
5. Point out the following cognates: ecosistema, productor, consumidor, fotosíntesis.
533
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 tied
Unit 4 Week 2 Jesse Owens
Word 2 race
FPO
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 tied

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Pretend your soccer team is playing your
1. One word in the selection is tied. Say it with partner’s soccer team. At halftime the game
me: tied. Tied means “the score or record is is tied. Draw a picture of a scoreboard that
the same between two people or teams.” The shows the game is tied. Share your picture
final score in the basketball game was 12 to 12. with your partner. Use this sentence frame to
The score was tied. share: The game is tied to .
2. En español, to tie quiere decir “terminar con 5. Now, work with your partner to use the word
la misma calificación o puntaje que otra tied in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
persona u equipo, empatar.” El puntaje final Our team tied the other team to .
del partido de baloncesto fue 12 a 12. Los dos 6. Now let’s say tied together three more times:
equipos empataron. tied, tied, tied.
the word tied. (Point to the scoreboard.)
Look at the scoreboard. The home team has
33 points. The guest team has 33 points. The
score is tied.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 race

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Describe the race you belong to your partner.
1. Another word in the selection is race. Say Use this sentence frame: I belong to the
it with me: race. Your race is the group race.
of people with whom you share physical 6. Now, work with your partner to talk about
characteristics. We have students from the and describe some of the different races in our
Latino race, African-American race, and Asian class. Share your ideas with the class.
race that attend our school. 7. Now let’s say race together three more times:
2. En español, race quiere decir “un grupo de race, race, race.
personas que comparten ciertas características
físicas, raza.” En nuestro colegio hay
estudiantes de la raza latina, blanca, negra y
asiática.
3. Race in English and raza in Spanish are
the word race. Look at the students and
teacher in the classroom. They are from many
different races.
536
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 presented
Word 4 courage
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 presented

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Role-play the scene in the picture with your
1. One word in the selection is presented. Say partner. Take turns being the teacher and
it with me: presented. Presented means the graduate. The teacher should present the
“something has been given.” I presented graduate with a diploma.
each of my students with good sportsmanship 6. Now, show us how you have been presented
awards. with something. Then tell us what you were
2. En español, to present quiere decir “dar u presented with. Use this sentence frame: I was
ofrecer algo a alguien, presentar.” Le presenté presented with because .
a cada uno de mis estudiantes premios de 7. Now let’s say presented together three more
deportividad. times: presented, presented, presented.
3. To present in English and presentar in Spanish
the word presented. (Point to the graduate
and the diploma.) Look at the graduate. His
professor presented him with his diploma on
graduation day.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 courage

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Firefighters are courageous people. Make a
1. One word in the selection is courage. Say list of other courageous people you know or
it with me: courage. When someone has have read about. Share your list with the class.
courage, they are brave when facing difficulty 5. Talk with your partner about a time you
or danger. The members of the rescue squad had to have courage. Describe the situation
had courage when they helped save the and why you had to have courage. Use
people from the rushing flood waters. this sentence frame: I had courage when
2. En español, courage quiere decir “la .
característica de enfrentar con firmeza y 6. Now let’s say courage together three more
valor algo difícil o peligroso, valentía.” Los times: courage, courage, courage.
miembros del escuadrón de rescate mostraron
valentía al rescatar a las personas de las aguas
arrolladoras del diluvio.
the word courage. Look at the picture. I see
firefighters. They are trying to put a fire out
with their water hoses. Firefighters have
courage when battling fires.
538
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 proved
Word 6 superior
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 proved

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk about a science experiment you have
1. One word in the selection is proved. Say it done. How did the results of the science
with me: proved. When you prove something, experiment help you prove an idea was true?
you show it is true. Jesse Owens proved that 5. Now, work with your partner to use the word
friendship and goodness are what’s important. proved in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, to prove quiere decir “mostrar We proved by .
que algo es cierto, comprobar.” Jesse Owens 6. Now let’s say proved together three more
comprobó que la amistad y el ser una persona times: proved, proved, proved.
buena es lo importante.
the word proved. (Point to the student in
science lab doing an experiment.) Look at
the student in the science lab. He and his
teacher are doing an experiment. A science
experiment can prove an idea is true.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 superior

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. Describe someone you know that is a superior,
1. One word in the selection is superior. Say it or the best at what they do. Explain to your
with me: superior. Someone who is superior partner why they are a superior.
is the best. The person who comes in first 6. Talk with your partner about what you would
place in a running race is superior, or the best like to be a superior at. Use this sentence
runner. frame: I want to be a superior at
2. En español, superior quiere decir “el mejor, because .
superior.” La persona que queda en el primer 7. Now let’s say superior together three more
puesto en una carrera es superior, es decir, es times: superior, superior, superior.
el mejor corredor.
3. Superior in English and superior in Spanish are
the word superior. Look at the picture. I see
athletes. They are holding a trophy. They are
superior because they won the game!
540
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ELD Content Words
Unit 4 Week 2 Food Chains and
herbivore, carnivore, omnivore,
Consumers
predator, prey, scavenger
herbivore carnivore omnivore
predator prey scavenger
ROUTINE
4. Explain how these six words fit into a group, or category.
During independent work time, have children write sentences for each word.
5. Point out the following cognates: herbívoro, carnívoro, omnívoro, depredador, presa.
541
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 chants
Unit 4 Week 3 Annie Dodge Wauneka
Word 2 conditions
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 chants

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 5. Describe a time you have sung chants. Tell
1. One word in the selection is chants. Say it with your partner where you were and describe the
me: chants. Chants are words sung over and chants you sang.
over again. We sang chants in our music class. 6. Now work with your partner to use the word
2. En español, chants quiere decir “las palabras chants in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
cantadas una y otra vez, cantos.” Cantamos We sang chants .
cantos en la clase de música. 7. Now let’s say chants together three more
3. Chants in English and cantos in Spanish are times: chants, chants, chants.
the word chants. (Point to the choir members.)
Look at the choir members. They are singing
chants.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 conditions

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about how you know
1. Another word in the selection is conditions. the weather conditions are hot and dry in the
Say it with me: conditions. Conditions are the desert in the picture.
way a person or thing is. In the winter, the 6. Discuss the weather conditions in our
weather conditions in most of Alaska are cold community during the winter, spring, summer,
and snowy. and fall. Use this sentence frame to describe
2. En español, conditions quiere decir “la the conditions during each season: In ,
forma de ser o estado de algo o alguien, the weather conditions are and
condiciones.” En el invierno, las condiciones .
climatológicas en Alaska son frías y nevosas. 7. Now let’s say conditions together three more
3. Conditions in English and condiciones in times: conditions, conditions, conditions.
languages.
the word conditions. Look at the picture. This
is a desert. The weather conditions in this
desert are hot and dry.
544
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 cured
Word 4 germs
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 cured

1. One word in the selection is cured. Say it the word cured. (Point to the girl in the
with me: cured. When people are cured, they hospital gown.) Look at this girl. She is in
have been healed and are no longer sick. The the hospital. Her parents and her doctor are
doctors and nurses at the hospital cured my standing near her bed. They are all smiling
illness. because the doctor has taken very good care
of her. With the right care, this girl was cured
2. En español, to cure se dice “curar.” Cuando
of her illness.
las personas son curadas, dejan de estar
enfermas. Los doctores y enfermeras en el 5. Describe a time when you or someone you
hospital curaron mi enfermedad. know had an illness that was cured. Who
cured the illness? How was it cured?
3. To cure in English and curar in Spanish are
cognates. They sound almost the same and 6. Now work with your partner to use the word
mean the same thing in both languages. cured in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
cured me of .
7. Now let’s say cured together three more
times: cured, cured, cured.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 germs

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 5. Think of a time when some germs gave you
1. One word in the selection is germs. Say it with or a family member a cold or the flu. Describe
me: germs. Germs are tiny living things that can the illness. Tell your partner how the sick
cause disease. Germs can make people sick. person got better.
2. En español, germs se dice “gérmenes.” Los 6. Now talk with your partner about what you
gérmenes son pequeños seres vivientes que can do to clean off germs from your hands
causan enfermedades. Los gérmenes enferman and body as well as the surfaces of tables and
a las personas. counters. Use this sentence frame: You can
clean off germs by and .
3. Germs in English and gérmenes in Spanish are
cognates. They sound almost the same and 7. Now let’s say germs together three more
mean the same thing in both languages. times: germs, germs, germs.
4. Now let’s look at a pictures that demonstrates
one way you can fight germs. (Point to the
hands in the photo.) This person is washing
her hands in the sink with warm water and
lots of soap. Washing your hands after you do
something messy or before you eat can help
keep you clean of germs.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 remedies
Word 6 treatment
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 remedies

1. One word in the selection is remedies. Say it the word remedies. Look at the girl. She has a
with me: remedies. Remedies are things that medical condition called asthma which makes
help us feel better when we are sick. Chicken it hard to breathe sometimes. Using an inhaler
soup and lots of rest are remedies for a cold is one of the remedies people can use to help
and the flu. them breathe better.
2. En español, remedies se dice “remedios.” Los 5. Talk about a time you have been sick. What
remedios son las cosas que nos hacen sentir remedies did you use to help you feel better?
mejor cuando estamos enfermos. El caldo de 6. Now work with your partner to make a list
gallina y mucho descanso son los remedios of remedies for common illnesses or medical
para un resfriado o gripa. conditions. Share your list with the class.
3. Remedies in English and remedios in Spanish 7. Now let’s say remedies together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: remedies, remedies, remedies.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 treatment

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you have hurt your knee. What
1. One word in the selection is treatment. Say it treatments can help your injured knee? Share
with me: treatment. Treatment means “the your ideas with the class.
things you have to do or get done to get 5. Talk with your partner about other injuries
better from an illness or an injury.” Going to or illnesses you have had. What treatments
the doctor and resting are treatments that can helped you get better from your illnesses and
help a person who is ill. injuries? Share your ideas with the class.
2. En español, treatment quiere decir “las 6. Now let’s say treatment together three more
cosas que uno hace para recuperarse de una times: treatment, treatment, treatment.
enfermedad o lesión, tratamiento.” Ir al
doctor y descansar son los tratamientos que
ayudan a una persona enferma.
the word treatment. (Point out the bandage.)
I see a bandage around a woman’s knee in
this picture. The woman must have suffered
an injury to her knee. One treatment for a
hurt knee is to bandage it for support.
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ELD Content Words poles, Equator, global, East Coast,
Unit 4 Week 3 Convection Currents
Warm the Planet West Coast, Gulf Stream
poles Equator global
East Coast West Coast Gulf Stream
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: polos, Ecuador, costa este, costa oeste.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 forbid
Unit 4 Week 4 The Taj Mahal
Word 2 harmony
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 forbid

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are walking near a
1. One word in the selection is forbid. Say it with construction site. I forbid you from entering.
me: forbid. To forbid means “to command What do you do?
someone not to do something or not to enter 5. Now work with your partner to forbid each
some place.” The principal forbid us from other from entering places that are not safe.
going into the gym after school. Use this sentence frame: I forbid you from
2. En español, to forbid quiere decir “mandar because .
a que alguien no haga algo, prohibir.” El 6. Now let’s say forbid together three more
administrador nos prohibió que entraramos al times: forbid, forbid, forbid.
gimnasio del colegio después de clases.
the word forbid. (Point to the danger signs.)
This is a construction site. The danger signs
tell us this is a hard hat area. Signs like this
one forbid you from entering because you
might get hurt at the site.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 harmony

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Work with your partner to describe a time you
1. Another word in the selection is harmony. sang in harmony. Share your ideas with the
Say it with me: harmony. Harmony means class.
“different things like colors or voices that 6. Many rugs have different colors and shapes
go together.” The choir members sing in that are in harmony. Draw a picture of a rug
harmony at the concert. with different colors and shapes in harmony.
2. En español, harmony quiere decir Share your picture with your partner.
“combinación de cosas diferentes pero que 7. Now let’s say harmony together three more
van bien juntas, armonía.” Los miembros del times: harmony, harmony, harmony.
coro cantan con armonía en el concierto.
3. Harmony in English and armonía in Spanish
the word harmony. (Point out the men and
boys in the choir.) Look at the men and boys
who are singing. They are all singing together
at the same time. Their voices are in harmony.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 marble
Word 4 shimmer
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 marble

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Discuss a time you have seen marble. Tell your
1. One word in the selection is marble. Say it partner where you saw the marble and what
with me: marble. Marble is a hard stone that is was made from this stone.
used to build sculptures and other things. The 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
kitchen has marble countertops. marble in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, marble quiere decir “un tipo de The marble is in the .
piedra dura que se usa para hacer esculturas y 6. Now let’s say marble together three more
construcciones, mármol.” Nuestra cocina tiene times: marble, marble, marble.
encimeras de mármol.
the word marble. (Point to the marble
stone.) Look at this slab of marble. Notice
the different designs and colors. This marble
might be used to build something for a home.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 shimmer

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about things you have
1. One word in the selection is shimmer. Say it or have seen that shimmer. Share your ideas
with me: shimmer. Shimmer means “to shine with the class.
with a faint, wavy light.” The lake shimmers in 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
the moonlight. shimmer in a sentence. Use this sentence
2. En español, shimmer quiere decir “brillar con frame: shimmers in the .
una luz tenue y movida.” El lago brilla a la luz 6. Now let’s say shimmer together three more
de la luna. times: shimmer, shimmer, shimmer.
the word shimmer. (Point to the light
shimmering on the water and ice.) Look at the
sun shining down on this scene. See how wavy
the dim light looks. The sunlight shimmers on
the water and ice.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 reflecting
Word 6 tomb
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 reflecting

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 5. Now look at the picture again. This time
1. One word in the selection is reflecting. Say look at the bridge. Do you see the image of
it with me: reflecting. Reflecting means the bridge reflecting in the water? Talk with
“light bouncing off an object and showing you partner about what other images are
its image.” When you look into a mirror, the reflecting in this scene.
reflecting light shows what you look like. 6. Now work with your partner to make a list of
2. En español, to reflect quiere decir “rebotar objects you have seen reflecting in a pond, a
luz, mostrando la imágen de algo; reflejar.” lake, or another body of water. Share your list
Cuando te miras en un espejo, la luz refleja tu with the class.
imagen. 7. Now let’s say reflecting together three more
3. To reflect in English and reflejar in Spanish are times: reflecting, reflecting, reflecting.
the word reflecting. Look at the mountain.
Now look at the water. Just like a mirror, the
image of the mountain is reflecting in the
water.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 tomb

1. One word in the selection is tomb. Say it with the word tomb. (Point to the tomb.) This is an
me: tomb. A tomb is a structure in which the ancient tomb built thousands of years ago.
remains of someone are kept. If you visit the An Egyptian king is buried in this tomb. The
Taj Mahal you might see a tomb made of remains of his body have been placed in the
white marble. tomb. They are covered with a special full-
length carving.
2. En español, tomb quiere decir “una estructura
en la cual los restos de una persona son 5. Describe how the picture illustrates the word
guardados o enterrados, una tumba.” Si visitas tomb. Share your ideas with the class.
el Taj Mahal verás una tumba de mármol 6. Work with your partner to use the word tomb
blanco. in a sentence. Use this sentence frame: A tomb
3. Tomb in English and tumba in Spanish are is a burial structure that .
cognates. They sound almost the same and 7. Now let’s say tomb together three more times:
mean the same thing in both languages. tomb, tomb, tomb.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 4 Week 4 Important People
Mediterranean, dictator,
in Roman History
army, ruins, forum
Mediterranean dictator army
ruins forum
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: mediterráneo, dictador, ruinas, foro.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 admitted
Unit 4 Week 5 Tryout
Word 2 expected
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 admitted

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 5. You can also be admitted to a club. What kind
1. One word in the selection is admitted. Say it of club would you like to be admitted to?
with me: admitted. When you are admitted to Discuss it with your partner.
something, you are allowed in. I was admitted 6. Think about a time you were admitted to
into the basketball team after tryouts. something like a club or a team. Tell your
2 . En español, to admit quiere decir “aceptar, partner about how you felt when you were
dejar entrar; admitir.” Si has sido admitido admitted.
a algo, alguien te ha permitido entrar o te 7. Now let’s say admitted together three more
ha recibido. Me admitieron en el equipo de times: admitted, admitted, admitted.
baloncesto después de las pruebas.
3. To admit in English and admitir in Spanish are
the word admitted. (Point to the boys in
the photo.) These boys are all on the same
baseball team. They were admitted to the
team because they are very good at playing
baseball. They just won their first game.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 expected

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to discuss things you
1. Another word in the selection is expected. Say have expected to happen at school. Use this
it with me: expected. Expected means “almost sentence frame: I expected because
sure about a happening.” Your teachers .
thought it was to be expected that you would 5. Now talk about things that you expected to
arrive at school on time for the field trip. happen that did not occur. Use this sentence
2. En español, expected quiere decir “seguro frame: I expected but .
que iba a ocurrir, esperado.” Tus profesores 6. Now let’s say expected together three more
pensaron que era esperado que llegarías times: expected, expected, expected.
puntual para el paseo escolar.
the word expected. (Point out the coach.)
Look at the basketball players. They are
listening to their coach talk to them about the
game. Their coach expects them to play well
and do their best to win the game.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 reassure
Word 4 veteran
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 reassure

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe a time you have been worried or
1. One word in the selection is reassure. Say nervous. Who reassured you? How did they
it with me: reassure. To reassure means “to reassure you? Share your ideas with the class.
comfort and make someone feel better.” I 5. Now pretend one of your friends is very
was nervous about performing in front of the worried about taking a test. What would
whole school. My teacher reassured me that you say and do to reassure your friend? Work
everything would be OK. with your partner to describe how you would
2. En español, to reassure quiere decir “consolar reassure your friend.
y tranquilizar a alguien, asegurar.” Estaba 6. Now let’s say reassure together three more
nervioso de mi presentación enfrente del times: reassure, reassure, reassure.
colegio. Mi profesora me aseguró que todo
resultaría bien.
the word reassure. (Point to the adult and
child.) Look at the woman. She has her hand
on the young boy’s shoulder and is talking
to him. I think the boy is very worried about
something. The woman reassures him and
makes him feel better.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 veteran

1. One word in the selection is veteran. Say the word veteran. Look at the basketball
it with me: veteran. A veteran is someone players. They have been playing basketball
who has had a great deal of experience at for a long time and have a lot of experience
something. The veteran actors came to teach with the game. These players are veteran
our class about how to act on stage. basketball players.
2. En español, veteran quiere decir “una persona 5. Talk with your partner about a veteran athlete
que tiene mucha experiencia en algo, you are familiar with or have read about.
veterano.” Los actores veteranos vinieron a What makes this athlete a veteran?
enseñarle a nuestra clase cómo actuar en el 6. Now work with your partner to use the word
escenario. veteran in a sentence. Use this sentence
3. Veteran in English and veterano in Spanish are frame: The veteran basketball player .
cognates. They sound almost the same and 7. Now let’s say veteran together three more
mean the same thing in both languages. times: veteran, veteran, veteran.
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ELD Content Words water cycle, condensation, precipitation,
Unit 4 Week 5 Earth Runs
on Solar Power wind, ocean current, lower latitude
C ondensation Precipitation
Evaporation
R unoff
G roundw ater
water cycle condensation precipitation
wind ocean current lower latitude
ROUTINE
4. Explain how these six words fit into a group, or category. During independent
work time, have children write sentences for each word.
5. Point out the following cognates: condensación, precipitación, corriente oceánica.
563
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 collide
Unit 5 Week 1 Our Changing Earth
Word 2 erode
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 collide

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend our hands are tectonic plates.
1. One word in the selection is collide. Say it Let’s have our tectonic plates collide and force
with me: collide. When things collide, they the land upward into mountains.
forcefully contact each other or crash. The 5. Now let’s pretend we are playing soccer and
two football players collided with each other collide with another player. Show me what
as they tried to grab the ball. happens when you collide.
2. En español, to collide quiere decir “chocar, 6. Now let’s say collide together three more
impactar una cosa con otra fuertemente, times: collide, collide, collide.
colisionar.” Los dos jugadores de fútbol
colisionaron al tratar de agarrar la pelota.
the word collide. (Point to the mountains.)
Look at the mountains. When tectonic plates
collide, or smash into each other, sometimes
the land is forced upward into mountains.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 erode

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine that the land around our school was
1. Another word in the selection is erode. Say it beginning to erode. Draw a picture to show
with me: erode. Erode means “to gradually what the eroding land would look like. Share
wear away or fall apart.” The hurricanes have your picture with your partner.
caused the sand dunes on the beach to erode. 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
Volunteers brought in more sand to repair the erode in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
dunes. The land began to erode because .
2. En español, to erode quiere decir 6. Now let’s say erode together three more
“gradualmente gastarse o caerse, erosionar.” times: erode, erode, erode.
Los huracanes han causado que las dunas de
arena en la playa se erosionen. Los voluntarios
han traido más arena para reparar las dunas.
the word erode. (Point out the erosion.) Look
at the land near the trees. You can see the
trees’ roots. The land supporting the trees is
eroding or falling apart.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 pressure
Word 4 moist
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 pressure

1. One word in the selection is pressure. Say it picture illustrates the word pressure. Share
with me: pressure. Pressure is the force that your ideas with the class.
one thing puts on another. If you squeeze too 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
hard or put too much pressure on a tube of pressure in a sentence. Use this sentence
toothpaste, the toothpaste will squirt out. frame: The pressure .
2. En español, pressure quiere decir “la fuerza 6. Now let’s say pressure together three more
que algo pone sobre otro, presión.” Si aprietas times: pressure, pressure, pressure.
fuertemente o pones mucha presión en un
tubo de pasta dental, la pasta dental se
escurrirá.
the word pressure. (Point to the volcanic
eruption.) Look at this volcano erupting. In
a volcano, magma, or melted rock, builds
up and bursts through the top of a volcano.
This is like when you shake a soda bottle and
release the top. The pressure of the gas in the
soda builds up and explodes out the top.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 moist

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about things you have
1. One word in the selection is moist. Say it with seen that are moist. (Examples include: dew
me: moist. When something is moist, it is on grass; fog; shower stall) Share your ideas
damp or slightly wet. The morning dew makes with the class.
the grass moist. 5. Now talk with your partner about the kind
2. En español, moist quiere decir “algo mojado, of weather that can make the ground moist.
húmedo.” El rocío de la mañana deja el pasto Make a list to share with the class. (Examples
húmedo. include: fog, rain, snow, sleet, hail)
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates 6. Now let’s say moist together three more times:
the word moist. (Point out the man who is moist, moist, moist.
watering the garden.) Look at the man. He is
lightly watering the flowers and plants. The
flowers and plants must stay moist in order
to grow.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 stream
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 stream

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to describe the stream
1. One word in the selection is stream. Say it in the picture. How is the stream similar to
with me: stream. A stream is a small body of a river, lake, and ocean? How is the stream
flowing water similar to a river. We collected different from a river, lake, and ocean?
shiny rocks from the stream near my house. 5. Imagine there is a stream that flows behind
2. En español, stream quiere decir “un cuerpo our school. Draw a picture of the stream and
pequeño de agua que corre similar a un río, share it with the class.
riachuelo.” Recogimos piedras brillantes del 6. Now let’s say stream together three more
riachuelo cerca a mi casa. times: stream, stream, stream.
the word stream. (Point out the water.) Look
at the water flowing down over the rocks.
This body of water is called a stream.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 5 Week 1 Volcanoes and
crust, lava, magma, volcano,
Earthquakes
erupt, earthquake
crust lava magma
volcano erupt earthquake
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: lava, magma, volcán, erupción.
571
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(bl) © U.S. Geological Survey, Denver CO. (bm) © Masterfile. (br) © Photodisc/Mark Downey/Getty Images.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 rotten
Unit 5 Week 2 Escape From the Volcano
Word 2 delighted
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 rotten

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk to your partner about how you know the
1. Another word in the selection is rotten. Say it tomato is rotten. Share your ideas with the
with me: rotten. When something is rotten, class.
it is decaying and can no longer be eaten or 5. Tell your partner about something you have
used. I found rotten apples in my pantry. I seen that is rotten. Describe what it was and
cannot eat them. I have to throw them away. how you knew it was rotten.
2. En español, rotten se dice “podrido.” Algo 6. Now let’s say rotten together three more
podrido es algo que se está descomponiendo times: rotten, rotten, rotten.
y no puede ser usado o comido. Encontré
manzanas podridas en mi alacena. No me
las puedo comer. Tendré que arrojarlas a la
basura.
the word rotten. (Point to the tomato.) Look
at the top of the tomato. See the gray mold
around the top. This used to be the tomato’s
red, ripe skin. The tomato is rotten.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 delighted

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of what you look like when
1. Another word in the selection is delighted. Say you are delighted. Share your picture with
it with me: delighted. When you are delighted, the class.
you are very happy. I was delighted to spend a 5. Now tell your partner what makes you
day with my family at the park! delighted. Use this sentence frame: ,
2. En español, delighted quiere decir “muy , and make me delighted!
contento o agradado, deleitado.” Estaba 6. Now let’s say delighted together three more
deleitado de pasar el día entero con mi familia times: delighted, delighted, delighted.
en el parque.
the word delighted. (Point out the happy
group.) Look at these kids. They are at a
beach. The kids are all smiling and happy.
They are delighted to be at the beach
together on such a beautiful afternoon.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 tremendous
Word 4 imitate
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 tremendous

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Work with your partner to discuss things you
1. One word in the selection is tremendous. would use the word tremendous to describe.
Say it with me: tremendous. Tremendous Share your ideas with the class.
means “very large or intense; enormous.” The 6. Now work with your partner to use the word
tremendous hurricane was five miles wide! tremendous in a sentence. Use this sentence
2. En español, tremendous quiere decir “muy frame: is tremendous because
grande o intenso, tremendo.” El tremendo .
huracán medía cinco millas de ancho. 7. Now let’s say tremendous together three more
3. Tremendous in English and tremendo in times: tremendous, tremendous, tremendous.
languages.
the word tremendous. (Point to the huge
ocean wave.) Look at this enormous ocean
wave. It is tremendous!
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 imitate

1. One word in the selection is imitate. Say it the word imitate. (Point to the father and
with me: imitate. When you imitate someone, son.) Look at the dad. He is shaving. Now look
you copy or do exactly what another person at his son. He is pretending to shave like his
does. The dancers imitate their teacher’s father. His razor isn’t real, but he still puts
dance steps to help them learn the new soap on his face and does everything else that
dance. his dad does. The boy likes to imitate his dad.
2. En español, to imitate quiere decir “copiar 5. Watch carefully what I do. (Make simple
las cosas que otra persona hace, imitar.” Los body movements such as touching your head,
bailarines imitaron los pasos de baile de la clapping, or smiling.) I want you to imitate, or
profesora para aprender la nueva coreografía. copy, everything I do.
3. To imitate in English and imitar in Spanish are 6. Now take turns with your partner making
cognates. They sound almost the same and different movements. The person watching
mean the same thing in both languages. should imitate the person moving.
7. Now let’s say imitate together three more
times: imitate, imitate, imitate.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 erupt
Word 6 recognized
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 erupt

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to describe the
1. One word in the selection is erupt. Say it with erupting volcano in the picture. What
me: erupt. To erupt means “to explode or happens when the volcano erupts? How do
blow up.” Hot lava erupts from the top of the you know the volcano is erupting?
volcano. 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
2. En español, to erupt quiere decir “explotar, erupt in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
entrar en erupción.” Cuando un volcán entra When a volcano erupts, .
en erupción, lava caliente explota de la cima 6. Now let’s say erupt together three more times:
del volcán. erupt, erupt, erupt.
the word erupt. Look at the volcano. See all
the smoke and ash exploding from the top.
The volcano is erupting.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 recognized

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are the people in the picture.
1. One word in the selection is recognized. Say Turn to someone you recognize. Greet one
it with me: recognized. When you recognize another by smiling and offering a handshake
someone, someplace, or something, you or a hug.
distinguish the person, place, or thing because 5. Now let’s imagine we take a field trip to the
you have seen it before. If you walk on a library. Show me what you would do when
trail you have walked on before, you might you recognize a librarian who has been of
recognize some of the trees along it. great help to you in the past. Tell me what
2. En español, to recognize quiere decir you would say.
“distinguir a alguien o algo porque lo has 6. Now let’s say recognized together three more
visto antes, reconocer.” Si has caminado por times: recognized, recognized, recognized.
un sendero antes, empiezas a reconocer los
árboles a su alrededor.
the word recognized. (Point to the boys in the
photo.) These boys are friends. They were both
walking in town, but not together. Then they
recognized each other on the sidewalk. Now
they are greeting each other with a hug.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 5 Week 2 Natural Disasters Affect Habitats
landslide, flood,
ash, habitat
landslide flood
ash habitat
ROUTINE
4. Explain how these four words fit into a group, or category. During
5. Point out the following cognate: hábitat.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 agent
Unit 5 Week 3 Changes At Earth’s Surface
Word 2 channel
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 agent
Unit 5 Week 3 Changes at Earth’s Surface

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 5. Water can be a liquid, solid, or gas. Talk with
1. Another word in the selection is agent. Say it your partner about the agent that changes
with me: agent. Agent means “someone or water. What agent makes water change to
something that causes change.” The wind can steam? What agent makes water change to
be an agent of erosion in the desert sand. ice? Share your ideas with the class.
2. En español, agent quiere decir “algo que causa 6. Imagine you and your partner are flying a
un cambio, agente.” El viento es un agente kite in the park. What agent makes a kite fly?
erosivo sobre la arena desértica. What happens when that agent goes away?
Share your ideas with the class.
3. Agent in English and agente in Spanish are
cognates. They sound almost the same and 7. Now let’s say agent together three more
mean the same thing in both languages. times: agent, agent, agent.
the word agent. Look at the wind blowing the
soil. The wind is the agent that is eroding the
soil.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 channel

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Draw a picture of a ship channel. Share your
1. Another word in the selection is channel. Say picture with your partner.
it with me: channel. A channel is a path for 6. Now, work with your partner to use the
water. The ships travel through the channel to word channel in a sentence. Use this
get to the port to deliver the goods. sentence frame: and are
2. En español, channel quiere decir “un camino in the channel.
para el agua, un canal.” Los barcos navegan 7. Now let’s say channel together three more
por el canal para llegar a los puertos a times: channel, channel, channel.
entregar su carga.
3. Channel in English and canal in Spanish are
the word channel. (Point to the ships in the
channel.) Look at the ships. They are in the
channel. These ships travel down the channel
to get from one place to another.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 scrape
Word 4 silt
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 scrape

1. One word in the selection is scrape. Say it with glacier scrapes the mountain. Share your ideas
me: scrape. To scrape means “to rub roughly with the class.
on something.” The rushing water scrapes and 5. Now, work with your partner to use the word
polishes the rocks in the river. scrape in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, to scrape quiere decir “frotar will scrape .
o rallar algo contra otra cosa toscamente, 6. Now let’s say scrape together three more
raspar.” El agua arrolladora raspa y pule las times: scrape, scrape, scrape.
piedras en el río.
the word scrape. (Point to the mountains and
glacier.) Look at the mountain. Now look
at the glacier. The glacier scrapes its way
through the mountainous valley.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 silt

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Think about a time you have seen silt. Share
1. One word in the selection is silt. Say it with with your partner where you saw the silt and
me: silt. Silt means “very fine particles, or describe how the silt looked and felt.
pieces, of sand or soil that settle on the 5. Now, draw a picture of silt. Share your picture
bottom of liquid as sediment.” The silt at the with a partner. Use the word silt to describe
bottom of the river was created from bits its your picture.
current scraped off the rocks in its path. 6. Now let’s say silt together three more times:
2. En español, silt quiere decir “partículas silt, silt, silt.
o pedacitos muy finos de arena o tierra
depositados al fondo de algo; sedimento.” El
sedimento en el fondo del río se formó con
pedacitos de piedras que la corriente raspó.
the word silt. Look at the pile of soil. I see very
fine pieces of soil and sand in the pile. This is
silt.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 ridge
Word 6 weathering
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 ridge

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to describe the ridge
1. One word in the selection is ridge. Say it with in the picture. What does the ridge look like?
me: ridge. A ridge is a long strip of raised land. How do you know this is a ridge?
We sat on the ridge of the mountain to watch 5. Now, imagine you are standing on this ridge.
the sunset. It looked beautiful from that Describe what you would see if you were
height. standing on the ridge. Use this sentence
2. En español, ridge quiere decir “una franja frame: I saw and when I
larga de terreno elevado, cresta.” Nos stood on the ridge.
sentamos en la cresta de la montaña a ver el 6. Now let’s say ridge together three more times:
atardecer. Se veía lindísimo a esa altura. ridge, ridge, ridge.
the word ridge. Look at this mountain. (Pull
your finger along the ridge.) See this long strip
of raised land at the top of the mountain. This
is a ridge.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 weathering

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of wind or waves weathering a
1. One word in the selection is weathering. Say rock. Share your picture with your partner.
it with me: weathering. Weathering means 5. Now, work with your partner to describe
“to break down a rock into small pieces.” what weathering does to the rocks in
The wind driven sand has drilled a large rock your pictures. Use this sentence frame:
into small pieces. The wind is weathering the Weathering .
rocks. 6. Now let’s say weathering together three more
2. En español, to weather quiere decir “desgastar times: weathering, weathering, weathering.
piedras reduciendo su tamaño, erosionar.” La
arena transportada por el viento ha dejado la
piedra enorme reducida a pedacitos pequeños.
El viento está erosionando las piedras.
the word weathering. Look at the pounding
waves. They crash into the cliff over and over.
The pounding of waves has broken this rocky
cliff into fine particles of sand.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 5 Week 3 Shaping California’s
valley, basin, erosion,
Landscape
boulders, downhill, gravity
valley basin erosion
boulders downhill gravity
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: valle, erosión, gravedad.
587
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 core
Unit 5 Week 4 Antarctica: Land of Snow and Ice
Word 2 interact
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 core

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe how the word core is illustrated in
1. Another word in the selection is core. Say the picture. Share your ideas with the class.
it with me: core. The core is the center of 5. Work with your partner to describe what you
something. If you cut a pear in half, you will would find at the core of another fruit, such
see the core. There are seeds in the core as a pear.
of a pear. 6. Now let’s say core together three more times:
2. En español, core quiere decir “el centro de core, core, core.
algo; en una fruta, se le dice corazón.” Si
cortas una pera por la mitad, verás su corazón.
Hay semillas en el corazón de una pera.
the word core. Look at the apple that has
been cut in half. I see the core, or the center,
of the apple. (Point out the core.) There are
seeds in the core of the apple.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 interact

1. Another word in the selection is interact. Say the word interact. Look at the group of
it with me: interact. Interact means “to act penguins. They are entering the ocean
together or act with each other.” We interact together and will swim around looking for fish
with others when we talk, read, or play to eat. The penguins are interacting with each
together. other and with their environment.
2. En español, to interact quiere decir “llevar 5. Let’s pretend we are the penguins in the
acabo una acción con otras personas, picture. Show me how you would interact
interactuar.” Cuando hablamos, leemos o with your environment.
jugamos juntos, estamos interactuando con 6. Now work with your partner to show each
otros. other different ways you interact with pet
3. To interact in English and interactuar in animals in your environment.
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost 7. Now let’s say interact together three more
the same and mean the same thing in both times: interact, interact, interact.
languages.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 moss
Word 4 overfishing
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 moss

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to discuss and
1. One word in the selection is moss. Say it with describe the moss growing on the rocks in the
me: moss. Moss is a small green plant that picture. Share your ideas with the class.
grows in clumps, or groups, on moist ground, 5. Now draw a picture of moss growing on
tree trunks and rocks. The moss covered the tree trunks, rocks, or on the moist ground.
tree trunks in the forest. Share your picture with your partner. Use this
2. En español, moss quiere decir “una planta sentence frame: The moss grows .
verde que crece en grupos sobre tierra 6. Now let’s say moss together three more times:
húmeda, cortezas de árboles y piedras; moss, moss, moss.
musgo.” El musgo cubrió las cortezas de todos
los árboles en el bosque.
the word moss. (Point to the moss.) Look at
all of these rocks. I see clumps of green plants
covering the rocks. That is moss.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 overfishing

1. One word in the selection is overfishing. Say the word overfishing. (Point out the fisherman
it with me: overfishing. Overfishing means and his net.) Look at the fisherman’s net that
“commercial fishing fleets have caught so is totally full of fish. If this type of fishing
many fish that it upsets the environment happens over and over again, it results in
by causing a reduction in the number of overfishing. That means that there are fewer
fish.” Many environmentalists have worked and fewer fish in the sea.
to pass laws to protect the environment by 4. Pretend you are a reporter. Work with your
preventing overfishing. partner to describe the results of overfishing.
2. En español, to overfish se dice “sobrepescar.” Discuss why overfishing can cause problems
Es el resultado de la pesca excesiva por las in the environment. Share your ideas with the
grandes compañías de pesca que daña el class.
ambiente y produce una reducción en el 5. Now work with your partner to discuss what
número de peces. Muchos ambientalistas han can be done to prevent overfishing. Share your
tratado de pasar leyes para proteger el medio ideas with the class.
ambiente de la sobrepesca. 6. Now let’s say overfishing together three more
times: overfishing, overfishing, overfishing.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 recorded
Word 6 treaty
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 recorded

1. One word in the selection is recorded. Say it the word recorded. (Point out the scientist.)
with me: recorded. When you have recorded Look at the scientist. He is doing research on
something, you have created an account in the animals in this environment. This scientist
permanent form either in writing, photos, recorded his findings to share with other
video, or sound. Our music teacher recorded scientists.
the school musical on video. She shared the 4. Describe a time you have recorded something.
recorded musical with all the students who Tell your partner what you recorded, how
participated. you recorded it, and why you recorded the
2. En español, to record quiere decir “crear una information.
grabación permanente de algo, ya sea por 5. Now talk to your partner about why recording
escrito, con fotos, con video o con sonido; information is important. What can we learn
grabar.” Nuestra profesora de música grabó from recorded information?
el musical del colegio en video. Compartió 6. Now let’s say recorded together three more
la grabación con todos los estudiantes que times: recorded, recorded, recorded.
participaron.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 treaty

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about a treaty that
1. One word in the selection is treaty. Say it could be created to help the environment
with me: treaty. A treaty is a formal written around the world. Share your ideas with the
agreement between two or more states or class.
countries. Many treaties establish terms of 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
peace or determine the rules nations must treaty in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
follow in relationship with other nations. The world leaders signed a treaty to .
2. En español, treaty quiere decir “un acuerdo 6. Now let’s say treaty together three more
formal entre dos estados o paises, tratado.” times: treaty, treaty, treaty.
Muchos tratados establecen los términos de
paz o determinan las reglas que las naciones
deben seguir con relación a otras.
the word treaty. (Point out the government
leaders.) Look at the men. These men were
leaders from Egypt, the U.S., and Israel. These
world leaders signed a treaty that established
peace in their countries.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 5 Week 4 How Earth’s Forces
slide, ridges, mountain
Shape California
range, layers, tilt, crack
slide ridges mountain range
layers tilt crack
ROUTINE
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 cliff
Unit 5 Week 5 Robert Ballard
Word 2 landmass
Pangaea
ea
a
g
n
P a
225 m illion years ago

ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 cliff

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe how the picture illustrates the word
1. Another word in the selection is cliff. Say it cliff. Then tell your partner why the cliffs
with me: cliff. A cliff is a high and steep part would be difficult to climb.
of a rock or earth. We could see for miles and 5. Work with your partner to use the word cliff
miles when we stood on top of the cliff. in a sentence. Use this sentence frame: We
2. En español, cliff quiere decir “la parte alta de saw and when we stood
una roca o terreno, un acantilado.” Podíamos on the cliff.
ver por millas y millas cuando nos paramos 6. Now let’s say cliff together three more times:
sobre el acantilado. cliff, cliff, cliff.
the word cliff. Look at these large rocks on
the water. (Point to the cliffs.) I see very high,
steep parts of the rock. These high, steep
parts are cliffs.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 landmass

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Look at a globe or a world map with your
1. Another word in the selection is landmass. Say partner. Find each of these continents: North
it with me: landmass. A landmass is a large, America, South America, Australia, Antarctica,
continuous area of land. The continent of Africa, Europe and Asia. Talk about the
North America is a landmass. location of each landmass.
2. En español, landmass quiere decir “un área 5. Now work with your partner to make
grande y continua de terreno.” El continente up questions about the location of the
de Norte América es un área grande y continental landmasses. For example: Which
continua de terreno. landmass is the farthest south? (Antarctica)
Share your questions with the class and discuss
the answers.
the word landmass. (Point out the illustration
of the continent Pangaea.) This is a drawing 6. Now let’s say landmass together three more
of the continent 225 million years ago. During times: landmass, landmass, landmass.
this time, the seven continents were one giant
landmass. Perhaps this giant landmass split
into the seven modern continents.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 oceanographer
Word 4 scatter
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 oceanographer

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Imagine you are an oceanographer. Draw a
1. One word in the selection is oceanographer. picture that shows what you would want to
Say it with me: oceanographer. An study and explore in the ocean. Share your
oceanographer is a scientist who studies picture with your partner.
the land, plants, and animals in the ocean. 5. Now work with your partner to discuss how
Oceanographers have discovered many new oceanographers help us learn more about the
ways to explore and learn about the sea. land, plants, and animals in the ocean. Share
2. En español, oceanographer quiere decir “un your ideas with the class.
científico que estudia el suelo, las plantas y 6. Now let’s say oceanographer together three
los animales del océano; oceanógrafo.” Los more times: oceanographer, oceanographer,
oceanógrafos han descubierto muchas nuevas oceanographer.
maneras de explorar y aprender sobre el mar.
the word oceanographer. (Point to the scuba
diver.) Look at the woman scuba diving near
the ocean floor. She is swimming close to the
gray fish with dark stripes and yellow fins.
She is using special equipment to study and
learn more about these fish. This woman is an
oceanographer.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 scatter

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. I want everyone to form a very tight circle
1. One word in the selection is scatter. Say it around me. Now I want you to scatter or
with me: scatter. To scatter means “to cause move in all different directions.
to separate and move in different directions.” 5. (Collect about five to six books.) Look at this
When a ship sinks, its contents scatter in the stack of books. They are neat and organized.
water. I want you to show me how to scatter these
2. En español, to scatter quiere decir “causar books throughout our class.
que se separe algo en distintas direcciones, 6. Now let’s say scatter together three more
esparcir.” Cuando un barco se hunde, sus times: scatter, scatter, scatter.
contenidos se esparcen en el agua.
the word scatter. Look at these houses. I see
different parts of the houses all over the land.
I think a tornado came through this area. A
tornado can destroy and scatter the parts of
homes.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 shoreline
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 shoreline

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of a shoreline, any place where
1. One word in the selection is shoreline. Say it the land meets the sea. Share your picture
with me: shoreline. The shoreline is the area with your partner. Describe how your picture
where land meets the water. Robert Ballard illustrates the word shoreline.
did research on the eastern shoreline of North 5. Now talk to your partner about why some
America. oceanographers like to study and explore the
2. En español, shoreline quiere decir “el área shoreline. Share your ideas with the class.
donde la tierra entra en contacto con el agua, 6. Now let’s say shoreline together three more
costa.” Robert Ballard hizo investigaciones de times: shoreline, shoreline, shoreline.
la costa este de Norte América.
the word shoreline. Look at this map. I see the
Atlantic Ocean. (Point to the Atlantic Ocean.)
I also see some of the states that border the
Atlantic Ocean. (Point to the states.) Look at
where these states meet the ocean. This is the
eastern shoreline of the United States.
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ELD Content Words lithosphere, tectonic plates,
Unit 5 Week 5 The Forces That
Shape Earth continents, fossils, mantle, surface
Seafloor
spreading
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
lithosphere tectonic plates continents
C rust
M antle
O uter
core
Inner
core
fossils mantle surface
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: litosfera, continentes, fósiles.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 grounded
Unit 6 Week 1 The Rescue Team
Word 2 slick
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 grounded

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Suppose you are a parent who grounded one
1. Another word in the selection is grounded. of your children. What happened to make
Say it with me: grounded. When someone you ground your child? How was the child
is grounded, they are punished and are grounded? Share ideas with your partner.
restricted from doing certain things. My niece 5. Describe a time that you or someone you
got grounded from playing on the computer. know was grounded. Why did you or the
2. En español, grounded se dice “castigado.” person you know get grounded? Use this
Cuando alguien ha sido castigado, es sentence frame: ( I/He/She) got grounded
restringido de hacer ciertas cosas. Cuando because .
mi sobrina fue castigada, sus padres le 6. Now let’s say grounded together three more
restringieron el uso del computador para times: grounded, grounded, grounded.
jugar.
the word grounded. (Point to the boy in the
photograph.) This boy is grounded because he
went to play ball with his friends after school
instead of doing his homework. His parents
told him he could go play on the weekend but
during the week he had to come home and do
his work. He is grounded from playing with his
friends for the week
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 slick

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk with your partner about the important
1. Another word in the selection is slick. Say work that the rescue team in the picture is
it with me: slick. Slick means “a smooth or performing by trying to remove the oil slick.
slippery place or spot caused by oil.” An oil Share your ideas with the class.
slick is a smooth area on the surface of water 5. Now work with your partner to talk about
caused by oil. how an oil slick harms seabirds and other
2. En español, slick quiere decir “un lugar liso animals. Share your ideas with the class.
y resbaladizo por la presencia de petróleo, 6. Now let’s say slick together three more times:
marea negra.” La marea negra es un área slick, slick, slick.
lisa en la superficie del agua causada por el
derrame de petróleo.
the word slick. Look at the duck covered in
oil. Now look at the beach behind the duck.
Oil that washed up on shore is covering the
beach. This is an oil slick from an oil tanker
that spilled the oil. The rescue team is trying
to clean up the whole area affected by the
oil slick.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 whine
Word 4 flavor
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 whine

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Let’s pretend we are the dog. Let’s beg our
1. One word in the selection is whine. Say it owner for food. Now we will whine as we beg.
with me: whine. To whine means “to cry or 5. Now pretend your partner is your mom or dad.
complain.” Sometimes when a dog begs for Beg your parent to let you have a friend spend
food it also whines or cries. the night. Show your partner how you whine.
2. En español, to whine quiere decir “lloriquear Trade roles and repeat the activity.
o quejarse.” A veces cuando un perro pide 6. Now let’s say whine together three more
comida aulla y lloriquea. times: whine, whine, whine.
the word whine. (Point to the dog.) Look at
the dog. It is sitting near the empty food
bowl. The dog is looking up at its owner,
begging for food. The dog whines as it begs.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 flavor

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk about how salt, pepper, and various
1. One word in the selection is flavor. Say it with herbs can improve the flavor of foods. Share
me: flavor. Flavor is the way something tastes. your ideas with the class.
I love the sweet, chocolate flavor of candy 5. Discuss your favorite flavors of ice cream. Use
bars. this sentence frame: My favorite flavors are
2. En español, flavor quiere decir “a lo que sabe and .
algo, su sabor.” Me encanta el sabor dulce y 6. Now let’s say flavor together three more
chocolatoso de los dulces. times: flavor, flavor, flavor.
the word flavor. Look at the herbs. Many
people use fresh herbs when they cook. Fresh
herbs improve the flavor of certain foods.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 determined
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 determined

1. One word in the selection is determined. Say the word determined. Look at the girl playing
it with me: determined. If you are determined her flute. She practices over and over again
to do something, you will work very hard at it. because she is determined to play the flute
Our soccer players were determined to win the well.
championship game, so they practiced for two 5. Talk to your partner about something you
hours every afternoon. are determined to do. Explain why you are
2. En español, determined quiere decir “que determined to do this activity and what you
trabaja duro por algo porque quiere lograrlo, do to make sure you are successful.
decidido, determinado.” Nuestros jugadores 6. Now imagine you have a friend who gives up
de fútbol están determinados a ganar el after trying only one time to hit a baseball.
partido. Practicaron dos horas todas las tardes How would you encourage your friend to be
para lograrlo. determined to succeed?
3. Determined in English and determinado in 7. Now let’s say determined together three more
Spanish are cognates. They sound almost times: determined, determined, determined.
languages.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 6 Week 1 The Kingdom of Israel
Babylon, Torah, temple,
rabbi, Diaspora, exile
Babylon Torah temple
rabbi Diaspora exile
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: templo, rabino, Diáspora, exilio.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 banned
Unit 6 Week 2 Saving Right Whales
Word 2 endangered
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 banned

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of a sign you are familiar with
1. Another word in the selection is banned. Say it that bans a particular activity. Share your
with me: banned. When something is banned, completed picture with a partner and tell
you are forbidden or not allowed to do it. what activity is banned.
Bringing toys to school is banned. 5. Work with your partner to make a list of
2. En español, banned quiere decir “prohibido, things that are banned from school. Share
no permitido.” Traer juguetes al colegio está your list with the class.
prohibido. 6. Now let’s say banned together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates times: banned, banned, banned.
the word banned. Look at this sign. This is a
no smoking sign. Smoking is banned in public
places and places where you see this sign.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 endangered

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of another endangered animal.
1. Another word in the selection is endangered. Share your picture with your partner. Explain
Say it with me: endangered. When animals why this animal is endangered.
are endangered, they are threatened with 5. Now work with your partner to talk about
extinction or having their species die out. things people can do to help protect and save
Panda bears are endangered species because endangered animals. Share your ideas with
their habitats, or places they live, are declining the class.
in size. 6. Now let’s say endangered together three more
2. En español, endangered quiere decir “en times: endangered, endangered, endangered.
peligro de que toda la especie se muera,
en vías de extinción.” Los osos pandas son
una especie en vías de extinción porque sus
hábitats han disminuido.
the word endangered. Look at the Bengal
tiger. The Bengal tiger is endangered, or dying
out, because they are being hunted and are
losing their homes.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 filter
Word 4 products
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 filter

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to talk about how
1. One word in the selection is filter. Say it with an air filter helps to clean the air that passes
me: filter. A filter is a strainer that allows you through an air conditioner. Share your ideas
to separate things. You can use a filter to with the class.
clean lettuce. The filter will let water through, 5. Now discuss other objects that can be used as
but holds back larger things like lettuce. a filter. Explain how they filter and what they
2. En español, filter quiere decir “un colador que filter. Share your ideas with the class.
ayuda a separar cosas, un filtro.” Puedes usar 6. Now let’s say filter together three more times:
un filtro para lavar la lechuga. El filtro permite filter, filter, filter.
que el agua corra, pero los hoyos son tan
pequeños que las hojas no pueden pasar.
the word filter. (Point to the white filter.) This
paper is a filter—it lets water and tiny bits of
coffee through, but holds back the big grains
of coffee from going into a cup.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 products

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 5. Think about a time you have gone to a
1. One word in the selection is products. Say it grocery store or a clothing store. Describe
with me: products. Products are things that some of the products that you could buy at
people make for others to use. Some of the the store.
products at the school store are pencils, paper, 6. Imagine you own your own store. What kinds
and erasers. of products would you sell? Why would you
2. En español, products quiere decir “las cosas sell these products? Share your ideas with your
que la gente hace para el uso de otras, partner.
productos.” Algunos de los productos en 7. Now let’s say products together three more
la tienda del colegio son lápices, papel y times: products, products, products.
borradores.
3. Products in English and productos in Spanish
the word products. Look at the woman. She is
sewing clothes. The clothes are products that
others will buy and use.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 surface
Word 6 trend
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 surface

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to point out the
1. One word in the selection is surface. Say it surface of a table, a bulletin board, and other
with me: surface. The surface is the outer items in our classroom. Share your findings
edge or top of something. The rafts were with the class.
floating on the surface of the pool. 5. Now describe to your partner things you have
2. En español, surface quiere decir “la parte seen floating on the surface of water. Share
o capa de afuera o de arriba de algo, la your ideas with the class.
superficie.” Las balsas estaban flotando sobre 6. Now let’s say surface together three more
la superficie de la piscina. times: surface, surface, surface.
the word surface. Look at the dolphins. They
have come to the surface to get air. (Point to
the surface.)
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 trend

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to identify trends
1. One word in the selection is trend. Say it with among people your age. Share your ideas with
me: trend. The trend is the way things are the class.
currently going. There is a trend for students 5. Now think about how these trends might
to use computers more and more in class. change in the future. What will the new
2. En español, trend quiere decir “la manera en trends be in the future? Share your ideas with
la que las cosas están ocurriendo, tendencia, the class.
moda.” Hay una tendencia entre los alumnos 6. Now let’s say trend together three more times:
de traer sus computadores portátiles a la trend, trend, trend.
escuela.
the word trend. Look at the boy. He is talking
on his cell phone. Nowadays there is a trend
for people to use cell phones more and more.
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ELD Content Words biotic factors, abiotic factors, population,
Unit 6 Week 2 Biotic and
Abiotic Factors community, temperature, soil
biotic factors abiotic factors population
community temperature soil
ROUTINE
2. Define each word in English, referring to the photograph. Incorporate actions where appropriate.
4. Explain how these six words fit into a group, or category. During independent work time, have
children write sentences for each word.
5. Point out the following cognates: factor biótico, factor abiótico, población, comunidad,
temperatura.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 advantage
Unit 6 Week 3 Energy and Our World
Word 2 exhaust
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 advantage

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to discuss why each
1. Another word in the selection is advantage. of these is an advantage to have in school:
Say it with me: advantage. When you have an physical education classes; a media center; a
advantage, you are more likely to succeed or ball field.
win at something. The taller basketball players 5. Think about and describe advantages athletes
have an advantage over shorter basketball in different sports have over their opponents.
players. Because of their height, they can Share your ideas with the class.
reach the net more easily. 6. Now let’s say advantage together three more
2. En español, advantage quiere decir “algo que times: advantage, advantage, advantage.
te pone en una posición superior para ganar
o ser exitoso, ventaja.” Los jugadores de
baloncesto más altos tienen una ventaja sobre
los más bajos. Por su estatura, alcanzan la red
más fácilmente.
the word advantage. Look at these students.
They are studying. Studying hard gives you an
advantage in school. You are more likely to do
well in school if you study hard.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 exhaust

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of exhaust from a car, truck, or
1. Another word in the selection is exhaust. Say van. Share your picture with a partner.
it with me: exhaust. Exhaust is waste from 5. Now work with your partner to talk about
burned fuel, such as oil or gas. The bus had how exhaust might have harmful effects on
black exhaust coming out of the tail pipe. the air we breathe. Share your ideas with the
2. En español, exhaust quiere decir “los gases class.
que quedan después de que un combustible 6. Now let’s say exhaust together three more
como el petróleo o la gasolina es usado; times: exhaust, exhaust, exhaust.
gases de combustión.” El bus emitía gases de
combustión negros del tube de escape.
the word exhaust. Look at these chimneys. I
see a lot of smoke coming out of the top of
the chimneys. This is exhaust. It is caused by
burning oil or gas.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 insulated
Word 4 landscape
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 insulated

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to talk about why it is
1. One word in the selection is insulated. Say it important to wear insulated clothing outside
with me: insulated. Insulated means “covered in very cold weather.
to keep heat from passing through.” Most 5. Now discuss other items you have seen that
bottles you use to take drinks with you are are insulated. Explain how these insulated
insulated, or have special material along the items keep heat inside. Share your ideas with
sides, to keep heat inside. the class.
2. En español, insulated quiere decir “cubierto 6. Now let’s say insulated together three more
para prevenir el escape del calor, aislante.” La times: insulated, insulated, insulated.
mayoría de botellas que usamos para
transportar bebidas son construidas de materia
aislante que mantiene el calor adentro.
the word insulated. Look at the children. They
are playing in the snow. It is very cold outside.
They are wearing thick clothes. The thick
clothes insulate the children to keep their
body heat inside.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 landscape

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture that illustrates the landscape
1. One word in the selection is landscape. Say it in our community or your neighborhood.
with me: landscape. Landscape means “the Describe the landscape in your picture to your
trees, plants, flowers, and scenery of an area partner.
of land.” The red, green, and yellow leaves 5. Imagine you could live anywhere in the world.
on the trees in the fall are part of the autumn Draw a picture that shows the landscape of
landscape. this area. Share your picture with your partner.
2. En español, landscape quiere decir “los Have your partner describe your landscape.
árboles, las plantas, flores y vista de un área; el 6. Now let’s say landscape together three more
paisaje.” Las hojas verdes, rojas y amarillas de times: landscape, landscape, landscape.
los árboles en el otoño son parte del paisaje
del otoño.
the word landscape. Look at the rocks, the
lake, the mountains, the green pine trees, and
the trees with yellow leaves. All these are part
of this landscape.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 plant
Word 6 efficiency
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 plant

1. One word in the selection is plant. Say it with picture illustrates the word plant. Share your
me: plant. A power plant is a place where ideas with the class.
energy is produced. The power plant produces 6. Now work with your partner to use the word
the energy that provides electricity to our plant in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
homes and school. is produced at a power plant.
2. En español, plant quiere decir “un lugar donde 7. Now let’s say plant together three more times:
la energía es producida, planta de energía plant, plant, plant.
eléctrica.” La planta de energía eléctrica
produce la energía que provee electricidad a
nuestras casas y nuestro colegio.
3. Plant in English and planta in Spanish are
the word plant. Look at all of the machines in
the picture. These machines are part of a power
plant. Energy is produced at this power plant.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 efficiency

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 5. Work with your partner to identify high
1. One word in the selection is efficiency. Say it efficiency products in our school, your homes,
with me: efficiency. Efficiency means “to work or other places you go. Share your ideas with
without wasting too much energy.” Modern the class.
air conditioners and refrigerators have high 6. Now think about and discuss how high
efficiency—they cool things down without efficiency products help our environment.
wasting too much electricity and money. Use this sentence frame to share your ideas:
2. En español, efficiency quiere decir “una High efficiency products help our environment
manera de trabajar que no gasta energía, because .
eficiencia.” Los aires acondicionados y neveras 7. Now let’s say efficiency together three more
modernas tienen buena eficiencia. Enfrían sin times: efficiency, efficiency, efficiency.
gastar mucha electricidad y dinero.
3. Efficiency in English and eficiencia in Spanish
the word efficiency. Look at this light bulb. This
light bulb is high efficiency because it provides
the same amount of light as a normal light bulb
but uses less electricity and saves money.
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ELD Content Words conversion, chemical energy, mechanical energy,
Unit 6 Week 3 Energy Conversions natural resources, renewable resources
and Natural Resources
nonrenewable resources
conversion chemical mechanical

energy energy
natural renewable nonrenewable

resources resources resources
ROUTINE
2. Define each word in English, referring to the photograph. Incorporate actions
where appropriate.
4. Explain how these six words fit into a group, or category. During independent work
time, have children write sentences for each word.
5. Point out the following cognates: conversión, energía química, recursos naturales.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 bred
Unit 6 Week 4 Rescue Dog Heroes
Word 2 breed
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 bred

Point to the Word 1 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to describe animals
1. Another word in the selection is bred. Say it or plants that are bred to develop certain
with me: bred. Animals or plants are bred, or features or traits. Share your ideas with the
raised to develop certain features or traits. class.
Some dogs are bred to be rescue animals. 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
2. En español, to breed quiere decir “criar bred in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
un animal para que desarrolle ciertas are bred to .
características o rasgos, enrazar.” Algunos 6. Now let’s say bred together three more times:
perros son enrazados para ser animales de bred, bred, bred.
rescate.
the word bred. (Point out the Holstein cattle.)
Look at the cows, or cattle. These cattle are
bred to be good milk providers.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 breed

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to describe the breeds
1. Another word in the selection is breed. Say of dogs in the picture. What are the special
it with me: breed. There are many breeds or traits of each breed that make it different
kinds of the same type of animal. Each breed from the others?
has special traits that make it different from 5. Now work with your partner to talk about
the other. different breeds of other animals such as cats.
2. En español, breed quiere decir “raza, tipo de What are the special traits of each breed that
animal.” Cada raza tiene rasgos que la hace make it different from the others? Share your
diferente a las otras. ideas with the class.
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates 6. Now let’s say breed together three more
the word breed. Look at all of the dogs. Each times: breed, breed, breed.
dog is a different breed. Each breed looks
different and is noted for its own special
traits.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 handler
Word 4 monk
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 handler

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to talk about what
1. One word in the selection is handler. Say the handler in the picture might be training
it with me: handler. A handler is a person his dog to do. Share your ideas with the class.
who works with an animal. The dog handler 5. Now imagine you are a handler. What animal
trained the dogs to rescue people in danger. would you work with? Why? Use this sentence
2. En español, handler quiere decir “la persona frame to share your ideas: If I were a handler,
que trabaja y entrena a los animales, I would work with because
encargado.” El encargado del perro entrenaba .
a los perros a rescatar a las personas en 6. Now let’s say handler together three more
peligro. times: handler, handler, handler.
the word handler. Look at the man. He is
working with the rescue dog. This man is a
handler.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 monk

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 4. Work with your partner to talk about a
1. One word in the selection is monk. Say it with monk’s job. Share your ideas with the class.
me: monk. A monk is a man who has devoted 5. Now work with your partner to use the word
his life to the service of the church. A monk monk in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
spends a large part of his day in prayer. The monk .
2. En español, monk quiere decir “una persona 6. Now let’s say monk together three more
devota al servicio a la iglesia, un religioso, un times: monk, monk, monk.
monje.” Un monje pasa una gran parte de su
día rezando.
the word monk. Look at this man. He is
wearing a long, brown type of clothing with a
hood. His hands are folded in prayer. This man
is a monk.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 tame
Word 6 stranded
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 tame

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Draw a picture of tame animals you have or
1. One word in the selection is tame. Say it with you are familiar with. Share your picture with
me: tame. When a wild animal is tame it has your partner. Explain why these animals are
learned to be gentle and obedient. A wild considered tame.
horse can become tame. 5. Now work with your partner to talk about the
2. En español, tame quiere decir “manso, differences between tame animals such as pet
domesticado.” Un animal salvaje que ha cats and dogs, and wild animals such as lions
aprendido a obedecer y a ser gentil ahora es and wolves. Share your ideas with the class.
manso. Un caballo salvaje puede convertirse 6. Now let’s say tame together three more times:
en manso si es entrenado. tame, tame, tame.
the word tame. Look at the cow. The girl is
feeding grass to the cow. This cow is tame. It
has learned how to behave around humans.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 6 stranded

Point to the Word 6 image on the opposite side. 4. Describe a time when you or someone you
1. One word in the selection is stranded. Say know about has been stranded. Where were
it with me: stranded. When someone or you? Why were you stranded?
something is stranded, they are left behind or 5. Now imagine you and your partner saw a
separated from the rest of a group. The school stranded animal. How might rescuers help the
bus broke down in the middle of nowhere on stranded animal? Use this sentence frame to
our way to the museum. We were stranded! share your ideas: Rescuers helped the stranded
2. En español, stranded quiere decir “separado animal by .
del grupo, abandonado.” El bus escolar se varó 6. Now let’s say stranded together three more
en vía al museo en un lugar lejano a todas times: stranded, stranded, stranded.
partes. ¡Quedamos abandonados!
the word stranded. Look at the penguins.
These two penguins are standing on an ice
floe in the middle of the ocean. The rest of
their penguin group is somewhere else. The
penguins are stranded.
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ELD Content Words province, preach, apostles,
Unit 6 Week 4 The Origin
of Christianity Christianity, tradition, Passover
province preach apostles
Christianity tradition Passover
ROUTINE
2. Define each word in English, referring to the photograph. Incorporate actions
where appropriate.
4. Explain how these six words fit into a group, or category. During independent
work time, have children write sentences for each word.
5. Point out the following cognates: provincia, apóstoles, cristiandad, tradición.
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(bl) © SW Productions/Corbis. (bm) © Dennis MacDonald/Alamy Images. (br) © Israel images/Alamy Images.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 threatened
Unit 6 Week 5 Fire in the Sierra Nevada
Word 2 contain
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 1 threatened

1. Another word in the selection is threatened. picture illustrates the word threatened. For
Say it with me: threatened. When someone example, think about all the animals that
or something is threatened, it is in danger. once lived in this forest. Share your ideas with
Cutting down rain forests has threatened our the class.
environment. 5. Now, work with your partner to use the word
2. En español, to threaten quiere decir “estar threatened in a sentence. Use this sentence
en peligro de algo, amenazado.” Cortar los frame: The forest is threatened because
árboles de la selva ha amenazado el medio .
ambiente. 6. Now let’s say threatened together three more
3. Now let’s look at a picture that demonstrates times: threatened, threatened, threatened.
the word threatened. Look at all the trees that
have been sawed off. This used to be a forest.
People have cut down the trees in this forest.
Trees removed in this manner threaten the
natural ecosystem.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 2 contain

Point to the Word 2 image on the opposite side. 5. Let’s pretend we are the firefighters in the
1. Another word in the selection is contain. Say picture. Show me how we can contain this
it with me: contain. To contain means “to forest fire.
keep in one area.” The farmer will contain his 6. Now work with your partner to show each
horses in the barn. other how you would contain another thing,
2. En español, to contain quiere decir “mantener such as an overflowing sink. Then describe
en un área, contener.” El granjero contuvo sus what you are trying to contain and how you
animales en los establos. contain it.
3. To contain in English and contener in Spanish 7. Now let’s say contain together three more
are cognates. They sound almost the same times: contain, contain, contain.
the word contain. Look at the firefighters.
They are trying to contain the forest fire. They
do not want the fire to spread.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 humid
Word 4 dense
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 3 humid

Point to the Word 3 image on the opposite side. 5. Describe a time the weather has been humid
1. One word in the selection is humid. Say it with in our community. Tell your partner what it
me: humid. Humid means “full of water vapor, looked like and felt like when it was humid.
moist, and damp.” It was so humid outside 6. Now work with your partner to use the word
today that my hair was damp and sticky. humid in a sentence. Use this sentence frame:
2. En español, humid quiere decir “lleno de vapor When it is humid, it is .
de agua; un poco mojado, húmedo.” Estaba 7. Now let’s say humid together three more
tan húmedo afuera que mi cabello se sentía times: humid, humid, humid.
mojado y pegajoso.
3. Humid in English and húmedo in Spanish are
the word humid. Look at the picture. It looks
very damp, foggy, and misty in this pasture.
That is because the weather is humid.
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 4 dense

Point to the Word 4 image on the opposite side. 5. Talk with your partner about why it would
1. One word in the selection is dense. Say it with be difficult to find your way through a dense
me: dense. When something is dense it is forest. Share your ideas with the class.
crowded and compact with all the things close 6. Now draw a picture of a dense forest. Use
together. The dense forest is full of trees with this sentence frame to share your picture: The
little distance between them. dense forest is .
2. En español, dense quiere decir “con sus partes 7. Now let’s say dense together three more
cercanas las unas a las otras, compacto, times: dense, dense, dense.
denso.” El denso bosque estaba lleno de
árboles agrupados.
3. Dense in English and denso in Spanish are
the word dense. Look at the forest. It is filled
with trees that are very close together. This is
a dense forest.
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ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 balance
ELD Vocabulary Words Word 5 balance

Point to the Word 5 image on the opposite side. 4. Talk about how a school might offer a
1. One word in the selection is balance. Say balanced set of after-school activities. What
it with me: balance. When something is in activities might be offered? Share your ideas
balance, it contains the proper amount of with the class.
things. Our class is in balance: it contains 5. Now work with your partner to talk about
almost the same number of girls and boys. other things you are familiar with that are
2. En español, balance se dice “equilibrio.” balanced, such as a balanced meal.
Cuando algo está en equilibrio, tiene las 6. Now let’s say balanced together three more
cantidades apropiadas de cosas. Nuestra clase times: balanced, balanced, balanced.
muestra equilibrio: tiene casi el mismo número
de niñas y niños.
the word balance. Look at this woodland
ecosystem. There are different kinds of trees
in this forest. (Point out the different kinds
of trees.) A woodland ecosystem in balance
contains a variety of trees.
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ELD Content Words
Unit 6 Week 5 Heating Things Up
energy, heat flow, ice,
calorie, thermometer
energy heat flow ice
calorie thermometer
ROUTINE
5. Point out the following cognates: energía, caloría, termómetro.
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California Treasures. Grade 6. Visual Vocabulary Resources PDF

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California Treasures. Grade 6. Visual Vocabulary Resources PDF

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Grade 6

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Published by Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, of McGraw-Hill Education, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,

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TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 2 precarious

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 4 unimaginable

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 6 promenade

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 8 establishment

Word 2 rain down

Word 2 rain down

Word 4 a few doors down

Word 4 a few doors down

cinnamon seafood chocolate

mousse coffee pizza

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 2 uttered

TEACHER TALK MOVEMENT

Key Vocabulary Word 4 migrant

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 8 ruptured

Word 2 to barely keep up

Word 2 to barely keep up

binder novel newspaper

dictionary spine composition

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 2 connection

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 4 poverty

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Word 2 to wait on line

Word 2 to wait on line

Word 4 to be stacked with

Word 4 to be stacked with

coffee table ofﬁce living room

kitchen dining room hallway

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 2 honorable

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 4 destination

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 6 unsteady

TEACHER TALK MOVEMENT

Key Vocabulary Word 8 concentrate

Word 2 to draw himself up

Word 2 to draw himself up

Word 4 to chew my knuckles

Word 4 to chew my knuckles

science fair assembly notebook

ballpoint pen school newspaper school bus

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 2 sleuthing

TEACHER TALK MOVEMENT

Key Vocabulary Word 4 array

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 6 despondently

TEACHER TALK PARTNER TALK

Key Vocabulary Word 8 anonymous

Word 4 to be quick on your feet