Study: Comparison of the effect of mobile phones’ radiation to Fruit Fly (Drosophila

melanogaster)

Proponents: De Jesus, Sophia Andrea C., Garibay, Marian Nicole V., Tabuzo,
Leandris P.

Research Adviser: Mrs. Viola Donato

School: Caloocan High School, 10th Avenue, West Grace Park, Caloocan City

Schedule of Activity:
Study: Comparison of the effect of mobile phones’ radiation to Fruit Fly (Drosophila
melanogaster)

Proponents: De Jesus, Sophia Andrea C., Garibay, Marian Nicole V., Tabuzo,
Leandris P.

Research Adviser: Mrs. Viola Donato

School: Caloocan High School, 10th Avenue, West Grace Park, Caloocan City

Significance of the Study:

Fruit flies share nearly 60% of human genes and are studied by thousands of scientists
around the world. The reason is that fruit flies and humans use the same or similar genes to
develop into adults. And the short life cycle of the fly makes it an ideal subject for genetic
experiments. (Rubin, 2000),

These tiny, winged, exoskeleton-ed creatures—so different from us in appearance—have

led to research illuminating a surprising amount about the human body: The genes that tell a fruit
fly where to sprout its legs are quite similar to the ones that tell our bodies where to sprout limbs.
As are the genes that form the pattern of fine hairs on a fly’s wing and the ones that orientate the
tiny hairs in our ears. (Zhang, 2018)

The possible effects on human health of exposure to radio frequency and microwave
radiations are of public concern near the locations of radio and television transmitters, mobile base
stations, wireless networks and the like. It has been the utmost concern to investigate the non-
ionizing radiation levels that result from these sources and their effects on humans. Several
studies have been initiated all over the world to determine the safe levels of exposure to RFR
(Radio Frequency Radiation) for occupational workers and general public. Several guidelines and
standards have been issued by ANSI/IEEE, ICNIRP, NCRP, and other organisations. (Dawoud,
2003)

Radio frequency enhances mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation by human

spermatozoa (known to be particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress by virtue of the abundant
availability of substrates for free radical attack and the lack of cytoplasmic space to accommodate
antioxidant enzymes), decreasing the motility and vitality of these cells while stimulating DNA base
adduct formation and, ultimately DNA fragmentation. Thus the induction of oxidative stress in
these cells not only perturbs their capacity for fertilization but also contributes to
sperm DNA damage. The latter has, in turn, been linked with poor fertility, an increased incidence
of miscarriage and morbidity in the offspring, including childhood cancer (Piano, 2013)
Study: Comparison of the effect of mobile phones’ radiation to Fruit Fly (Drosophila
melanogaster)

Proponents: De Jesus, Sophia Andrea C., Garibay, Marian Nicole V., Tabuzo,
Leandris P.

Research Adviser: Mrs. Viola Donato

School: Caloocan High School, 10th Avenue, West Grace Park, Caloocan City

Project Cost:
Study: Comparison of the effect of mobile phones’ radiation to Fruit Fly (Drosophila
melanogaster)

Proponents: De Jesus, Sophia Andrea C., Garibay, Marian Nicole V., Tabuzo,
Leandris P.

Research Adviser: Mrs. Viola Donato

School: Caloocan High School, 10th Avenue, West Grace Park, Caloocan City

RESEARCH PLAN:

Rationale:

The new research, published May 13, 2008 in the Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences journal, shows that humans have approximately 10 times more
protein interactions than the simple fruit fly, and 20 times as many as simple, single-cell
yeast organisms. This contradicts comparisons between the numbers of genes in different
organisms, which yield surprising results: humans have approximately 24,000 genes, but
fruit flies are not far behind, with approximately 14,000 genes (Stumpf, Et al. 2008)

Genetically speaking, people and fruit flies are surprisingly alike, explains biologist
Sharmila Bhattacharya of NASA's Ames Research Center. "About 61% of known human
disease genes have a recognizable match in the genetic code of fruit flies, and 50% of fly
protein sequences have mammalian analogues." That's why fruit flies, known to scientists
as Drosophila melanogaster, are commonplace in genetic research labs. They can be
good substitutes for people. They reproduce quickly, so that many generations can be
studied in a short time, and their genome has been completely mapped. "Drosophila is
being used as a genetic model for several human diseases including Parkinson's and
Huntington's," notes Bhattacharya. (Nagaraja,2019)

Cell phones emit radiofrequency radiation (radio waves), a form of non-ionizing

radiation, from their antennas. Parts of the body nearest to the antenna can absorb this
energy. (Forssén U,2019)

The primary damage mechanism of non-ionizing radio waves is thermal, by

dielectric heating. This heating effect varies with the power and the frequency of the
electromagnetic energy and an increase of the body temperature is the noticeable effect.
(Andrea and Marco Et. al 2013)
Study: Comparison of the effect of mobile phones’ radiation to Fruit Fly (Drosophila
melanogaster)

Proponents: De Jesus, Sophia Andrea C., Garibay, Marian Nicole V., Tabuzo,
Leandris P.

Research Adviser: Mrs. Viola Donato

School: Caloocan High School, 10th Avenue, West Grace Park, Caloocan City

RESEARCH PLAN:

Methodology:

The researchers will gather fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) by using a trap. The fruit
flies (Drosophila melanogaster) will be tested by the zoologists. After identifying, the
researchers will put the fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) inside the PEP bottles (500
mL). The researchers will also use two identical mobile phones in testing the effects of
radiation in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) in front of the PEP bottles. The
researchers will observe the movement of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) for seven
days.

Objectives:
Study: Comparison of the effect of mobile phones’ radiation to Fruit Fly (Drosophila
melanogaster)

Proponents: De Jesus, Sophia Andrea C., Garibay, Marian Nicole V., Tabuzo,
Leandris P.

Research Adviser: Mrs. Viola Donato

School: Caloocan High School, 10th Avenue, West Grace Park, Caloocan City

RESEARCH PLAN:

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080512172904.htm

https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/radiation/cell-phones-fact-sheet

https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/radiation/cell-phones-fact-sheet

http://flipper.diff.org/app/items/info/5980

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/647139.stm

https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/02/fruit-fly-drosophila/553967/

https://www.who.int/peh-emf/meetings/archive/en/keynote5dawoud.pdf

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19649291

http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/ShowSearchResult.php?s=2&f=&p=&x=&page=&sid=1&id=Identific
ation%20of%20the%20drosophila%20melanogaster%20mitochondrial%20citrate%20carrier%3A
%20Bacterial%20expression%2C%20reconstitution%2C%20functional%20characterization%20an
d%20developmental%20distribution%20&Mtype=ANALYTICS&fbclid=IwAR288TEHnCklcc7nMioK
uyThmyvWi4mHie1EDNQDPYxEmOR6glZjp0arcAY
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259333037_The_Effect_of_the_Electromagnetic_Radiati
on_from_High_Voltage_Transformers_on_Students_Health_in_Hebron_District?fbclid=IwAR3mF
E45AHyFG6M2V0sjdX4_TleA_IotMM03UF87Cq5MW6kd8SgdpgMsPHU

http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/ShowSearchResult.php?s=2&f=&p=&x=&page=&sid=1&id=Mobile
%20phone%20RF-
EMW%20exposure%20to%20human%20spermatozoa&Mtype=ANALYTICS&fbclid=IwAR2YKHL1
d37kp29K6xS6XZ9lqFGP14N0jCID0ZqIexBY7Mfd92GXJcXvn2U

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ahep/2014/901434/?fbclid=IwAR3l0Qw52Na_hCe5se6-
UpUkW7xs677OK6wxkkUurKAT_uxCc_CAeYlSnPY