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Earthquake Resistant
Design--a few important
tips
perspective
The attempt here is to present a set of Do’s and
Don’ts as per Best Practices based on BIS Codes
There are new revisions of IS 1893 and 13920 in
the market
There is a new Code for Tall buildings 16700
There are new Guidelines for Hospital Safety by
NDMA
It’s felt that neither Clients nor most structural
engineers are aware of the important provisions
Architects, being the Client interface need to be
Contents for discussion 3
today:
Some aberrations to good seismic
design
What really are the best practices
What are the Seismic design
Categories globally
Irregularities in building planning
Do’s and don’t’s
A GLARING SOFT STOREY 4
??
RESIDENTIAL LUXURY 5
CONDOMINIUMS IN NCR-
FLAT PLATES AND
COLUMNS??
COMMERCIAL TOWER – 6
HOW WE LOVE
ASYMMETRY??
Key points to ponder 7
What is a Collapse
Prevention design ?? Why 8
do we need to know?
World over the Earthquake
Safety of buildings is of four
categories:
Fully Operational
Immediate occupancy
Life Safety
Collapse Prevention
SEISMIC GRADATION OF BUILDINGS
2. Distribution of vertical
element resisting lateral
load should be balanced
according to mass in plan
∆2<1.5 ∆1
16
PLAN IRREGULARITIES
2. Re-entrant Corners
Floor slab
cutout/openings <50%
of total floor area
PLAN IRREGULARITIES
4. Out of Plan offset
Vertical geometric
irregularity when
L2>1.25 L1
4. In-Plane Discontinuity in
Vertical Element Resisting
Lateral Force
In-Plane Offset of the
Lateral Force Resisting Element
Greater Than the Length of
Those Elements (b>a)
VERTICAL IRREGULARITIES
5. Discontinuity in Capacity–Weak
Storey
BUILDINGS HAVING PLANS WITH SHAPES LIKE L, T, Y, E SHOULD BE SEPARATED INTO RECTANGULAR
PARTS BY PROVIDING SEPARATION GAPS AT APPROPRIATE LOCATIONS.
2
WHY SHOULD WE GO 9
REGULAR?
A Closed Geometry works best in case of Horizontal
Loads like Earthquakes
A Square or a Circular Configuration with nominal
Offsets or Setbacks in Plan or in Elevation
An Open Flower Shaped Configuration is the worst
against Horizontal Loads and may Induce large
torsion/twisting
Open Storeys were completely crushed in
Ahmedabad(ALSO ZONE-III,like HYDERABAD)
during 2002 Earthquake
All soft storey columns and beams need to be
designed with 2.5 times earthquake Loads
3
What are the Best Practices in
0
structural alysis/design ?
Analysis, design diligently ,based on BIS 1893,875
and 456 using STAADPRO/ETABS/SAP2000
Use Loads and Load Combinations as per BIS875-
Best Practices in Structural Analysis and design--a few common mistakes
Part V
Provide Wall stiffness in the model,using diagonal
struts and use Time Period formula with Filler walls
if the Buildings has Masonry walls
Use Formula for Bare Frame only if the structure
doesn’t have any masonry walls
3
Continued… 1
Tall structures, if founded on soft soils, (N<10), must have
Pile or Raft Foundation.
Liquefaction Potential must be verified in case the
structures are being founded on sandy soils, likely to
have high water tables.
Storey Drift and deflections must be limited to
acceptable limits.
Effect of thermal stresses must be incorporated by
suitably modifying Load Combinations wherever building
block size exceeds the recommended size of 40-45m
(DL+LL+WL/EL+Temp Load)
Wind Tunnel Test should preferably be carried outout for
tall structures(height> 150m)
SOME DO’S & DON’TS FOR STRUCTURAL3
ENGINEERS/ARCHITECTS/CLIENTS 2
34
The design as per clause 7.12.2.1&2 needs to
be revised for all cantilever beams/slabs and
columns supporting mumty, machine room
and water tanks on terrace, considering 5
times the earthquake loads applicable for
design of connections with the main building.
Thank You