learning tool

Describe Griffith's experiment:capsule ,pathogen,virulent,non-pathogenic,trans

formation,transforming factor(was actually DNA),mice,fatal
Describe Hershey and Chasse's experiment,phage,virus,bacteria,inject DNA,
radioactive isotopes for tracers,phosphorus for Dna ,sulfur for proteins.
Explain how such a tool as a blender was useful in the experiment
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Can you see how the Chase eperiment indicated that DNA was molecule which held t
he blueprint for heredity?
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DNA and RNA are long polynucleotides built from nucleotides. true false
The reaction type would be anabolism performed by .......................synthes
is.
DNA is a .........................helix based on a .............................
.backbone.
Three basic parts of nucleotide are .................................. .....
..................and ..............................
Master the base pair rule and be able to pair up any nucleotide.RNA has uracil w
hich pairs with adenine.(no thymine in RNA.)
Hydrogen bonds between bases hold the two strands of DNA together. t f
Draw fig 10.3 D very very roughly ,just to see how backbone is made and note the
number of base pairs between the various bases.
RNA is single stranded,versus DNA double.Become familiar with base pairing.P.18
7 is good tool.
How is it that the structiure of DNA facilitates its own replication?188
semiconservative,daughter strands
DNA replication proceeds in two directions at once,with many bubbles of DNA.
DNA polymersase,ligasesNotice 5 primed end and 3 primed end of DNA strand,for e
ducational info.(No test,just know you have heard of it...You can always find ,s
tudy such an item if you ever need to do so. (Just notice one strand runs in one
direction,the other in opposite direction.We are done with that.Done.DNA polyme
rase,ligase(to ligate is to tie together,Latin)
Central Dogma,transcription first ,then translate...Scribe=write down.....versus
translate=changing from language of nucleotide into language of amino acids
Beadle and Tatumestablisheda;one gene one enzyme concept,a mental construct..
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The cell must flow genetic information from DNA toRNA to protein.
Triplets, codon, anti-codon .Use base pair rules.Remember adenine pairs with ura
cil in RNA.
Uracil never in DNA.Thymine exists in DNA.(Thymine dimer is created by ultraviol
et light,and mutation results sometimes)Can lead to skin cancer)
Practice today/wednesdays info untill you know the locations ,reactants,and prod
ucts of transcription,and translation,based on lecture,text ,and if necessary th
e text web site,and internet for those who use such.Each of you should work this
out for yourselves.Book actually is enough.
Page 190 is useful.
Polypeptide is basically another word for protein.Genetic code will be used by y
ou in a coming lab to take DNA/RNA and determine proteins anb atd mutations.
Genitic code is triplets.NOtice start and stop codons exist.
Study 193 ,fig.10.9A ,for good clear version of RNA polymerase making mRNA In eu
karyotes this happens in nucleus.Notice 194 ,mRNA is processed.exons,introns,cap
and tail,snipping out,fusing together,(cap and mittens before going out of the
nucleus,...haha)Out through nuclear pore of course.
transfer RNA is very specialized.anticopdon,amino attatchment is specific for a
mino acid.
anticodon matches the codon of the mRNA.peptide bond formation(covalent,again a
dehydration reaction is important,anabolism builds up polypeptide.) If youPLay
with /draw 195 untill you are comfortable and understand how tRNA works.Start ea
rly,play each day so it will click,....maybe click first time you look at it?If
not play with it and it will.
And and and and and and and function are very relate.Initiation codon starts.Und
ertand basic process,dont need A/B sitensmes for tesdt...general idea of how to
make protein using ribosome..peptide bond.
This may help:codon recognition,peptide bond formation,translocation(shift)Latin
trans= across..location comnes from locus..we already know that is Latin for pl
ace,or position.,stop codon.Page 187 notice elongation of polypeptide.Page 198n
is another recap of diagrams,and basically the Central dogma treated again.This
will tkes ut through wednesday most likely.
Friday we whip up on viruses,and somne microbial(bacterial) aspects,and fly thro
ugh another test monday.If you read over the ribosomal /protein/codon etc. mater
ial it may help .Many of you can have that material under control by friday morn
ing,can recieve the last set of infro friday,and be in good shape by saturday mo
rning,or at least by monday morning.
Tuesday we will pull off another little incremental of the corn lab,and either
put that one to rest or go for what is put out for us...If you did a good job in
reading your text for codominance about blood types you will be able to read th
e lab with a minimum of effort and th labs will be workable for you.We willl eas
ily adress the Chi square formula,and the corn lab will be put to rest soon.It i
s NOT due this tuesday,but rather ,next tursday.People have succeeded in the pas
t on this DNA/protein material by chipping it away in small bits each day.It has
succumbed to such a strategy at the hands of quite a few.