Question Bank: (Ce126) Environmental Engineering

S R Engineering College Department Of Civil Engineering – RA 15 2019
Question Bank
(CE126) ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

(RA 15 - Core Subject)
Name of the Instructor

Dr. G.SHYAMALA M.E., Ph.D.,
Professor
Mr.B. ARUN KUMAR
Asst. Professor
Department of Civil Engineering,

S R Engineering College,
Anantha sagar, Hasanparthy,
Warangal – 506 371,
Telangana State.
(CE202) STRENGTH OF MATERIALS – I -QB / Dr. K.Rajesh Kumar & Mr. Swamy Yadav Page 1 of 13
S R Engineering College Department Of Civil Engineering – RA 15 2019-20
UNIT – I WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES– Two marks

Bloom’s
Q.No Question Taxonomy
level
1. Enumerate the requirements of potable or wholesome water? L1
2. Identify the need for water supply system L1
3. State the objectives of the Community water supply system. L1
4. Recall the reasons for water losses in distribution system. L1
5. List various types of water demand L1
6. List any four characteristic of water with drinking water quality L1
standard.
7. Differentiate temporary and permanent hardness of water. L1
8. Recall the factors affecting design period L1
9. Define design period L1
10. Explain the use of air relief valve? L1
11. Define pH. Recall the range of PH value of domestic water supply? L1
12. Enumerate effects of excess nitrogen content? L1
13. List the metals present in water? L1
14. Compare cast iron and steel pipe. L1
15. Define B.O.D. L1
16. Name the tests to be conducted for bacteriological tests. L1
17. List the water borne diseases. L1
18. Enumerate the effect of excess fluoride in water? L1
19. Recall the preventive maintenance followed in pipe. L1
20. List the factors affecting per capita demand. L1
21. List the sources of water for water supply scheme. L1
22. Explain the methods to forecast population. L2
23. Define per capita demand L1
24. List the functions of intake works L2
25. List the types of intake structures. L1
26. What are the necessities of the various appurtenances in distribution L1

system?
27. Explain the use of scour valve L2
28. Recall the requirements of good fire hydrant L1
29. List the types of valves used in water distribution system L1
30. State the two stages in water conveyance system? L1
UNIT – I WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES - Ten marks

Bloom’s
Q.N
Question Taxonom
o
y level
1. Explain the necessity of planned water supply scheme. L2
2. With neat sketch explain water supply scheme. L2
3. Explain the status of protected water supply in India L2
4. Explain the source of water. L2
5. Explain different characteristics of water. List out the drinking water L2
standards
6. Explain various type of water demand. L2
7. Explain the types of intake structures. L2
8. Explain per capita demand. Enumerate the factors affecting per capita L2
demand.
9. Explain population forecasting methods. L2
10. The population of 5 decades from 1930 to 1970 is given below in table. Find L3
out the population after one, two, three decades beyond the last known
decade, by using arithmetic increase method.
Year 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970
Population 25,000 28,000 34,000 42,000 47,000
11. Solve problem 9 by geometric increase method L3
12. Compute the population of the year 2000 and 2006 for a city whose L3
population in the year 1930 was 25,000 and in the year 1970 was 47,000.
Make use of geometric increase method.
13. Determine the future population of a satellite town by the geometric increase L3
method for the year 2011, given the following data.
Year 1951 1961 1971 1981 2011
Population 93 111 132 161 - ?
in
thousand
14 Solve example 9 by incremental increase method. L3
15 The population of a locality, as obtained from a census report, is given L3
below: Estimate the population of the locality in 2020 by incremental
method
Census year population
1930 8,000
1940 12,000
1950 17,000
1960 22,500
1970 29,000
1980 37,500
1990 47,000
2000 57,000
2010 66,500
16 Work out the population of the year 2,020 from the data given below, using L3
simple graphical method.
year population
1940 25,000
1950 27,500
1960 33,000
1970 39,000
1980 45,000
1990 54,500
2000 61,000
17 Solve example 9 by decreasing rate method. L3
18 In a town it has been decided to provide 200 l per head per day in the 21st L3
century. Estimate the domestic water requirements of this town in the year
2020 by projecting the population of the town by incremental increase
method
year Population
1970 2,37,98,624
1980 4,69,78,325
1990 5,47,86,437
2000 6,34,67,823
2010 6,90,77,421
19 Given the following data, calculate the population at the end of next three L3
decades by decreasing rate method.
year population
1980 80,000
1990 1,20,000
2000 1,68,000
2010 2,28,580
20 In two periods of each of 20 years, a city has grown from 30,000 to 1,70,000 L3
and then to 3,00,000. Determine (a) saturation population: (b) equation of
the logistic curve: (c) expected population after the next 20 years.
21 Differentiate different pipe material. L3
22 Explain pipe laying and testing methods. L2
23 Write short note on fire demand. L2
24 Explain the valves used in water supply system L2
25 Describe the appurtenances used in distribution system. L3
26 Explain the necessity of planned water supply scheme. L2
27 Write short notes on design period. L2
28 Explain about maintenance of pipe. L2
29 Describe in detail about water conveyance system. L2
30 Enumerate various surface water sources of water, and discuss and compare L2
the qualities and quantity of water supplies that may be available from these
sources.
31 In a water treatment plant, the pH values of incoming and outgoing water are L2
7.2 and 8.4 respectively. Assuming a linear variation of pH with time,
determine the average pH value of water.
UNIT II TREATMENT OF WATER – Two marks

Bloom’s
level
1. Define sedimentation. L1
2. Explain principle of settling L2
3. List the types of settling. L1
4. List the advantages of sedimentation? L1
5. State the factors that affect sedimentation. L1
6. Define coagulation? L1
7. State any four coagulants. L1
8. State any two mechanisms involved in filtration. L1
9. Explain negative head in the filtration? L2
10. State any four methods of disinfection of water. L1
11. State any two advantages of chlorination. L1
12. Define Residual Chlorine. L1
13. Enumerate disinfection of water? L1
14. Define dechlorination? L1
15. List any four diseases caused by excess presence of fluoride in water. L1
16. Define pre chlorination. L1
17. Define post chlorination. L1
18. Enumerate the function of aerator L1
19. List general properties of colloids L1
20. List various methods of purification of water? L1
21. Define detention period? L1
22. Define uniform coefficient? L1
23. Define sterilization? L1
24. Define softening? L1
25. What are the methods of removing permanent hardness? L1
26. Define fluoridation? L1

27. List the methods of desalination? L1
28. List the source of water and treatment required. L1
29. Identify the reason for disinfection process. L1
30. List the advantages and disadvantages of pressure filters. L1
31. Enumerate the requirements of good disinfectant L1
32. Define Break point chlorination L1
UNIT II TREATMENT OF WATER – Ten marks

Bloom’s
level
Describe in detail the points to be considered for locating a treatment L2
1.
plant?
2. Explain with neat sketch unit treatment process with function. L2
3. Explain construction and operation of slow sand filter with neat sketch. L2
4. Explain the working of screen with types. L2
5. Explain the principle and purpose of plain sedimentation. L4
6. Explain the mechanism and types of flocculation. L2
7. Explain the working of sedimentation tank with design aspect. L4
8. Explain working of rapid sand filter with the help of neat sketch. L2
9. What are the differences of slow sand filter and rapid sand filter? L4
10. Explain filtration mechanism. L2

Enumerate the effects of fluorine? How you remove the fluorine by L2
11.
Nelgonda Technique.
Explain a) pre-chlorination b) post-chlorination c) de-chlorination L2
12.
d) re-chlorination
Define the following terms: (1) Coagulant (2) BOD (3) COD (4) L2
13.
influent (5) Activated sludge
14. Explain the backwashing of rapid sand filter. L2

15. Draw a neat sketch of clarifloculator and show its various parts. L3
16. Describe the methods of removal of hardness of water L2

17. A rectangular sedimentation tank following coagulation-flocculation is L3
to treat a flow of 3000m3/day with a detention time of 6 hours. It is to be
hand cleaned of sludge at 6 week intervals. The suspended solids
concentration of the ate ris reduced from 250 mg/l to 5 mg/l by
coagulation – flocculation. The settled sludge includes 40 mg/l of
metallic precipitate and has a moisture content of 85 % and specific
gravity of 1.24. Determine the volume of sludge produced between
cleanings and the basic dimensions of the tank it the water depth just
before cleaning is 3 m and its length is twice its width.
18. Two primary settling basins are 26 m in diameter with a 2.1 m side L2
water depth. Single effluent weirs are located on the peripheries of the
tank. For a water flow of 26,000 m3/ day, calculate:
(i) Surface area and volume;
(ii) Overflow rate in m3/m.d;
(iii) Detention time in hours and
(iv) Weir loading in m3/m.d.
19. Design sedimentation tank for water works with supplies 1.6 MLD L4
water to the town. The sedimentation period is 4 hrs. The velocity of
flow is 0.15m/min and the depth of water in the tank is 4m. Assume an
allowance for sludge as 80cm.Also find the overflow rate
20. Explain operational troubles in rapid gravity filters. L4
21. Find the settling velocity of a discrete particle in water under conditions L3
when Reynolds number is less than 0.5. The diameter and specific
gravity of the particle is 5X10-3 cm and 2.65 respectively. Water
temperature is 20oC( kinematic viscosity v of water at 20oC =1.01X10-2
cm2/sec)
22. Design a rectangular sedimentation tank to treat 2.4 million litres of raw L4
water per day. The detention period may be assumed to be 3 hours.
23. Design a circular sedimentation tank to treat 3 million litres per day. L4
Assume detention period to be 4 hrs.
24. Design a coagulation sedimentation tank with a continuous flow for L4

treating
water for a population of 45,000 persons with an average daily
consumption of 135 L/person. Assume a surface loading rate of 0.9
m3m-2h-1 and that the weir loading rate is within acceptable limits
25. Design a slow sand filter for a town of population 60,000 provided L4
water
supply at a rate of 160 lpcd. Take filtration rate as 2.5 litres per minute
per sq. metre. L/B ratio is 2. Maximum demand as 1.8 times as average
demand.
26. Design a rapid sand filter to treat 10 million litres of raw water per day L3
allowing 0.5% of filtered water for backwashing. Half hour per day is
used for backwashing. Assume necessary data.
27. A surface water treatment plant coagulates a raw water having a L3
turbidity of 9 Jackson candle units by applying an alum dosage of 30
mg/l . Estimate the total sludge solids produced in grams per cubic
meter of water processed. Compute the volume of sludge from the
settling basin and filter backwash water using 1.0 % solid concentration
in the sludge and 500 mg/l of solids in the wash-water. Assume that 30
% of the total solids are removed in the filter.
28. Explain construction and operation of pressure filter. L4
29. List the disinfection methods. Explain in detail. L2
30. Explain (i) types of aeration. (ii) chlorination process in detail L2
31. Explain (i)water softening process. (ii) reverse osmosis process. L2
32. Explain (i) Removal of iron and manganese. L2
(ii) Defluoridation process using Nalgonda technique
UNIT III
CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPOSITION OF WASTEWATER – TWO MARKS
Bloom’s
level
1. Define sewage. L1
2. What are two products of sewage treatment? Define Population
L1
Equivalent.
3. Define (a) Sullage ( b)MINAS L1
4. Explain the impacts of nutrients on water bodies? L2
5. What is the effect of oxygen demanding waste on water bodies? L1
6. What do you understand by the significance of B.O.D. ? How it is
L1, L2
determined?
7. Name sewage characteristics with which organic matter concentration is
L1
expressed
8. Distinguish between “dry weather f low” and “wet weather f low” L4
9. Explain the meaning and significance of time of concentration. L2
10. What is suspended solids , Outline the effect of suspended solids on
L1,L2
water bodies?
11. What is Biochemical oxygen demand ? L1
12. Mention some shapes of sewer pipes? What are t he forces acting on
L1
sewer pipes? How to test leakage in sewer pipes.
13. What are the component parts of Manhole? L1
14. Enumerate the various steps involved in the layout and construction of
L1
sewers.
15. Write a short note on the decomposition of sewage. L1
16. Why the examination of sewage is necessary? How the sewage
L1
sampling is done?
17. Write short notes on the following
(i) C.O.D
L1
(ii) Relative stability
(iii) Solids in sewage
18. If 2.5 ml of raw sewage have been diluted to 250 ml and thee D.O.
concentration of the diluted sample at the B.O.D. of a raw se g was 8.0
L3
mg/l. and 50 mg/l. after 5 days incubation at 20°C, find the B.O.D of
raw sewage.
19. What are the factors on which the de-oxygenation constant (k) depends? L1,L3
20. Explain the meaning of the term 'strong sewage, weak sewage, fresh
L2
sewage'
21. State the Important tests that are carried out to ascertain the quality of a
L4
sewage.
22. Differentiate between aerobic and anerobic reactions. L2

23. L1
State the objectives of grey water harvesting.
24. What are two products of sewage treatment? Define Population
L1
Equivalent
25. L1
What are the types of sewage system? List the components of it.
26. L4
Distinguish between “dry weather flow” and “wet weather flow”
27. Distinguish between “self cleaning velocity” and “Non scouring
L4
velocity”
28. Mention some shapes of sewer pipes? What are the forces acting on
L1
sewer pipes?
29. What are the materials used for constructing sewer pipes? Give some
L1
qualities of the good sewer pipes.
30. What do you mean by on-site sanitation? Mention the methods of on-
site sanitation. L1
31.
State the objectives of grey water harvesting. L1
UNIT III
CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPOSITION OF WASTEWATER – TEN MARKS
Question Question Question
1. Explain the composition of sewage and also the possible methods of
measuring the strength of sewage. Write out the laboratory procedure L2
of the experiment to determine the strength of sewage.
2. What are the main objects of treating sewage? What points should be
L1
kept in mind while locating the site of treatment plants?
3. What are various processes required to remove the various types of
sewage impurities? Give a neat sketch of a common type of sewage L1
treatment plant.
4. (a) Explain the basic difference between primary treatment and
secondary treatment of sewage.
L2
(b) Draw a flow diagram for complete treatment of domestic sewage
by any one method.
5. Sketch a conventional sequence of unit operations in a completed
municipal sewage treatment plant.
(a) Indicate on the sketch primary and secondary treatment stages.
(b) Which of the units are designed for quantity and/or quality of
L1,L2
sewage?
(c) What percentage BOD removal is expected from each unit?
(d) What alternative biological treatment units can you suggest in the
above flow sheets?
6. Enumerate the factors affecting Characteristics and composition of
L4
sewage and their significance
7. Differentiate between a) Separate system and Combined Sewerage

L4
system
8. Explain the various characteristics and composition of sewage and
state the L2
environmental significance.
9. Explain Laying, jointing, testing of sewer pipes , What are the steps
involved L2
in laying of sewer pipes
10. Explain: Sewer appurtenances L2
11. Determine the size of a circular sewer for a drainage of 500 lps,
L5
running half full. Assume s = 0.0001 and N = 0.015
12. A main combined sewer is designed to serve an area of 12 sq.km with
population density of 250 persons/ha. Average rate of sewage flow is
250 lpcd. Maximum flow is 100% in excess of average together with L3,L5
rainfall equivalent of 15 mm is 24 hrs All which are runoff. Determine
the capacity of sewer taking maximum velocity of flow as 3 m/s.
13. Explain Unit Operations/Processes, Functions, Treatment Devices in
L2
sewage treatment
14. What is screening? Explain its types L1,L2
15. Explain in detail Septic tank with its design criteria L2,L6
16. Explain Grey water harvesting L2
17. Design a screen chamber for peak sewage flow of 60 MLD. L6
18. Explain various physio-chemical characteristics of sewage and state
L2
their environmental significance.
19. Determine the diameter of separate sewer section running 0.7 times
full at maximum discharge for a population of 50,000 persons. Water
is supplied at a rate of 140 lpcd. 80% supplied is served turns as L3,L6
sewage. Take 2.25 as peak factor, n=0.013 and at all depths,
permissible flow is 1 in 700.
20. Write short notes on: (a) Drop man holes (b) Lamp holes (c)
L1
Cleanouts (d) Gullies
21. Explain the construction steps involved in laying of a sewer line. L2
22. Estimate the rational method of estimating of storm water flow L5
23. (a) Explain the design and working principles of septic tank.
L2
(b) Describe in brief about oxidation ditches.
24. (a) What do you mean by variation in flow of sewage? Explain
average flow, dry weather flow, and maximum flow.
(b) A 30 cm diameter sewer with an invert slope of 1 in 400 is flowing L1,L2,L3
1/3 of the full depth. Calculate the velocity and the rate of flow in the
sewer and also it's self-cleaning velocity? Use n=0.015
25. (a) Explain the importance of determination of solids in sewage. How
L2,L3
do you determine the suspended solids in a given sample of waste?
(b) The 3 day 37"C BOD of a sample of sewage is 300 ppm. What
will be its 10 days-20°C BOD and 5 day 30°C BOD?
26. (a) Define the terms BOD and COD? Differentiate between first stage
BOD and second stage.
(b) The BOD of a sewage incubated for one day at 30°C has been L1,L2,L3
found to be 100 mg/l, what will be the 5 day 20°C BOD. Assume
BOD rate constant K = 0.21 per day at 20°C (base e).
27. (a) Explain briefly about Effluent standards.
L2
(b) Explain the factors influencing DWF.
28. (a) Explain the method of Iaying sewer line for the designed/desired
alignment and gradient.
L2,L5
(b) Determine the diameter of a sewer (n = 0.018) carrying 0.0125
cumecs of peak sewage flow at half full depth. Take slope as 1 in 400
29. (a) List the sewer appurtenances commonly used? Explain any two
with neat sketches? L1,L2
(b) List out the problems taken place during the Pumping of sewage.
30. Explain with neat sketch component parts, functioning advantages and
disadvantages of septic tank. Also discuss various methods of disposal L1,L6
of septic tank effluent.

Question Bank: (Ce126) Environmental Engineering

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S R Engineering College Department Of Civil Engineering – RA 15 2019

(CE126) ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Name of the Instructor

Department of Civil Engineering,

UNIT – I WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES– Two marks

26. What are the necessities of the various appurtenances in distribution L1

UNIT – I WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES - Ten marks

UNIT II TREATMENT OF WATER – Two marks

26. Define fluoridation? L1

UNIT II TREATMENT OF WATER – Ten marks

4. Explain the working of screen with types. L2

5. Explain the principle and purpose of plain sedimentation. L4

6. Explain the mechanism and types of flocculation. L2

7. Explain the working of sedimentation tank with design aspect. L4

10. Explain filtration mechanism. L2

14. Explain the backwashing of rapid sand filter. L2

16. Describe the methods of removal of hardness of water L2

24. Design a coagulation sedimentation tank with a continuous flow for L4

22. Differentiate between aerobic and anerobic reactions. L2

7. Differentiate between a) Separate system and Combined Sewerage

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