Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
for students with disabilities and math deficits: A review of the literature. Preventing
Contribution: Cover, copy, and compare or C.C.C., is one fact fluency strategy that is proven to
improve accuracy, speed, and self-reliance. This article studies students with disabilities from
3rd-5th grade across the nation, who are evaluated by common core standards and standardized
testing. The article found that, “students who fail to meet the standards in the earlier grades will
likely experience future problems in math.” (p.56) Yet, by providing these struggling students
with multiple opportunities to develop fact fluency, they not only improve via testing scores,
they also improve their fact acquisition and their confidence in their ability increases. The
process is simple, basically, student covers the problem, copies what they remember, and
compares it to what they covered.
Sutherland, K., & Singh, N. (2004). Learned helplessness and students with emotional or
Contribution: Students struggling with impulsivity, anxiety, and frustration when encountering
challenging or remedial math tasks in students with behavioral disabilities can cause major
problems in any classroom. Sutherland and Singh have found that, “Students who exhibited
problem behavior were involved in fewer academic interactions with teachers than children who
exhibited less problem behavior.” (p.170) Meaning, the student was automatically at a
disadvantage because they have less time to engage in the lesson and develop confidence in their
ability. To help mitigate the threat of learned helplessness, apathy, and escape/avoidance
behaviors, this article suggests that teachers should increase student praise, increase student
opportunity for participation during instruction, and develop the students’ sense of efficacy in
their abilities.
Taylor, C., & Nolan S. (2008) Classroom assessment: supporting teaching and learning in real
classrooms. (2nd ed.) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Contribution: This was one of my favorite texts from the semester because of how it is written
and how it applies to real classroom scenarios. I really enjoyed the index of the book because I
could look up exactly what I was trying to develop and find multiple examples for multiple
ranges of students.
Tomlinson, C. (2014) Differentiated classrooms: Responding to the needs of all learners.
(2nd ed.). Richmond, VA: ASCD.
Contribution: Before I read this text, I hadn’t really appreciated how important differentiation in
classroom lessons were. I had always assumed more than understood how to actually apply it.
This text provided me, not only with examples, but also the reason why differentiation was so
important. When I designed and taught my first, truly differentiated lesson, suddenly it made
more sense and was a very positive experience compared to just teaching the base line
curriculum for each lesson.
Weaver, C. (2009). Reading process: Brief edition of reading process and practice (3rd ed.).
Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Contribution: Weaver is a valuable resource when it comes to understanding the reading
process. It explains necessary topics like schema, context, miscues and how to analyze them,
word perception, and how to develop a reader profile.
Wong, H. K. & Wong, R. T. (2009). The first days of school: how to be an effective teacher.
Mountain View, CA: Harry K. Wong Publications.
Contribution: This text discusses how to plan, organize, and orchestrate a classroom from the
beginning to the end of the school year. Without a plan for everything, and procedures in place,
students have a lower quality learning environment. This text helped me to develop, not only my
lesson plans, but also my interactions and classroom routines. By refining my methods and using
this text as a reference, I have noticed that the quality of my lessons and experiences in the
classroom has improved.