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This set of Avionics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Primary and Secondary Radar”.
Answer: a
Explanation: One of the major disadvantages of the primary radar is that it cannot provide a three
dimensional fix, that is position and altitude. They are radars that can find the height of the aircraft but can
only be used for short distances.
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Answer: a
Explanation: Friend or foe identification is not possible in primary radar and hence it is hard to determine if the
aircraft is an enemy or friend. It has a wide range and requires high transmitting power due to the two way
travel of the radar signal.
Answer: a
Explanation: The primary radar uses pulse techniques. It sends out short bursts of pulse and the aircraft
surface reflects the radio energy back to the radar antenna. It is possible to measure the elapsed time and
determine the range or distance of the aircraft.
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c) Range
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Answer: d
Explanation: The term Radar was coined by the U.S. navy for as the acronym for Radio Detection and
Ranging. The term has entered several languages and is used so extensively that it lost capitalization and is
used as a common noun.
Answer: a
Explanation: When radar pulse strikes the aircraft some radio pass through the object whereas some get
reflected back. The amount of radio energy that gets reflected back depends upon the Radar cross section of
the aircraft. RCS depends on size, material on the surface of the aircraft and many more parameters.
Answer: b
Explanation: The radio energy has to travel two way: to the aircraft and back to the receiver, this caused
attenuation by the atmosphere. In addition to this, only a part of the actual transmission radio energy is
reflected back to the receiver.
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Answer: b
Explanation: Military aircraft usually wish to have a very low RCS or radar cross section so that they are
stealthy and undetectable on the enemy’s primary radar. RCS can be reduced by various methods like using
radar energy absorbing materials on the surface of the aircraft and not having sharp corners on the aircraft
which are more likely to reflect radio energy back to the radar antenna.
d) Better range
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Secondary radar requires less power than primary radar for the same amount of coverage area.
This is because in secondary radar the pulse is one way; it triggers a reply pulse in the transponder of the
aircraft which replies with some of the important flight parameters of the aircraft.
9. The ability of the antenna to turn radiated energy into conducted energy is called ____________
a) Return ratio
b) Power ratio
c) Capture area
d) RCS
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The ability of the antenna to turn radiated energy into conducted energy is called a capture area.
As an example, if a power density of mw/m2 illuminates an antenna with 1 m2 capture area, then the antenna
provides 1 mw power at the output connector.
Answer: c
Explanation: The reflected or backscattered radio energy that reaches the radar antenna is called an echo. In
secondary radar it is called a reply since the transponder replies for the interrogation signal.
Answer: a
Explanation: In secondary radar the transponder present in the aircraft reply for the interrogation pulse with
information of the aircraft such as flight name and some of the important flight parameters like airspeed and
altitude.
12. The strength of a secondary radar varies inversely with distance to the ______ power.
a) Second
b) Fourth
c) Eighth
d) Zeroth
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In the secondary radar, the strength of the communication system varies inversely with distance
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to the
7/25/2019 second power, comparedPrimary
with primary radar
& Secondary which
Radar reduced
- Avionics withand
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fourth- power.
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Answer: a
Explanation: There are two types of interrogations in the ATCRBS: mode A and mode C. Mode A provides
identity only and mode C provides identity and altitude of the aircraft.
14. The undesirable responses from buildings and clouds for the radar pulse are called as __________
a) Noise
b) Disturbance
c) Clutter
d) Radio error
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The primary radar pulse is reflected by buildings and clouds and cause undesirable effects in the
actual identification. These are called as clutter and can be eliminated by combing primary radar with
secondary radar.
15. What is the time separation for P1 and P3 for mode A secondary radar?
a) 8 μs
b) 21 μs
c) 6 μs
d) 4 μs
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The time delay between P1 and P3 determines the type of interrogation. When the Time lag is
8μs, it corresponds to mode A whereas a separation of 21 μs corresponds to mode C.
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7/25/2019 Primary & Secondary Radar - Avionics Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Avionics.
To practice all areas of Avionics, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
(https://www.sanfoundry.com/1000-avionics-questions-answers/).
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questions-answers-modes-s-system/)
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The original Apple logo was a drawing of
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