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Other IP Telephony
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VIEWS HELPFUL COMMENTS
Ronak Agarwal
06-05-2015 08:43 AM
Edited On: 03-12-2019 10:16 AM
Below is the document explaining MGCP and trace and debug example.
MGCP
e) MGCP overcomes the distributed conguration and administration problems inherent in the use of protocols such as H.323, as
everything is managed on CUCM
g) Another protocol used for the same purpose is Megaco, a coproduction of IETF (RFC 3525) and ITU (Recommendation H.248-1).
h) MGCP is an extension of the earlier version of Simple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP)
i) The plaintext commands are sent to gateways from the call agent using UDP port 2427. Port 2727 is used to send messages from the
gateways to the call agent.
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j) MGCP uses UDP for establishing audio connections over IP networks. However, MGCP also uses “hairpinning” to return a call to the
PSTN when the packet network is not available.
MGCP endpoint
S0/ds1-0/1@cisco.com
S0 – is the slot number that contains the voice module
ds1 – means that the trunk type is a DS-1, others include ds3, e1, and e3
-0 – is the port number within the slot
1 – identies ISDN B-Channel number 1
cisco.com – is the hostname of the gateway, with its domain name appended.
A DS1 ISDN trunk is a 64 Kbps bearer channel used to transmit digitized voice or data trac. These trunks, or B-channels, use a separate
channel, the D-channel for call-control signaling. This mode of operation is known as out-of-band signaling, as opposed to in-band
robbed-bit signaling, in which signaling is carried in the same channel as the voice or data trac. One D-channel, or ISDN signaling link
(ISDN-LNK), carries signaling messages for several B-channels, forming an ISDN signaling group (ISDN-SGR).
d) Gateway is still responsible for terminating the Q.921 layer 2 link access protocol - D channel (LAPD) signalling, but all of the Q.931 is
sent to CUCM.
High Points:
a) When you use MGCP as the call agent in a VoIP environment, you need not congure static VoIP network dial peers.
Architecture:
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Media Gateway Controller (call agent) + Media gateway (converts media signals between circuits and packets) + Signalling gateway
connected to PSTN
mgcp_1.PNG
Cisco voice gateways can act as MGCP gateways, and Cisco Unied Communications Manager acts as an MGCP call agent.
Trunking gateway (TGW): Provides an interface between PSTN trunks and a VoIP network. A trunk can be a DS0, a T1, or an E1 line.
Examples of TGWs include access servers and routers.
Residential gateway (RGW): Provides an interface between analog (RJ-11) calls from a telephone and a VoIP network. The
interfaces on a residential gateway might terminate a POTS connection to a phone, a key system, or a PBX. Examples of RGWs include
cable modems and Cisco 2600 Series routers.
3) Package types
End-to-end calls are established by connecting two or more endpoints. All connections that are associated with the same call will share a
common Call ID and the same media stream.
mgcp_2.PNG
A call agent uses control messages to direct its gateways and their operational behavior. Gateways use the control messages in
responding to requests from a call agent and notifying the call agent of events and abnormal behavior.
mgcp_3.PNG
3. Package Types
A call connection involves a series of events and signals, such as o-hook status, a ringing signal, or a signal to play an announcement,
that are specic to the type of endpoint involved in the call.
MGCP groups these events and signals into packages. A trunk package, for example, is a group of events and signals relevant to a trunking
gateway. An announcement package is a group of events and signals relevant to an announcement server. These packages are enabled by
using the mgcp package-capability command.
mgcp_4.PNG
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mgcp_5.PNG
1) Call agent sends a RQNT to gateway A, and asks gateway to wait for o-hook event. When it goes o-hook, call agent instructs the
gateway to supply dial tone and asks the gateway to collect digits before it noties call agent.
3) A user on gateway A goes o-hook and it provides a dial tone and collects digits. (as asked by RQNT in rst message)
4) Gateway A sends a NTFY to the call agent to advise the call agent that a requested event was observed.
5) After conrming that call is possible based on dialed digits, call agent sends a CRCX to gateway A.
6) Gateway A sends CRCX response w/ SDP (IP address and UDP port)
7) Call Agent sends CRCX to gateway B. The call agent also embeds a RQNT that instructs the gateway about the signals and events it
should now consider relevant.
RTP established
mgcp #mgcp call-agent 10.197.183.226 service-type mgcp \* specifying the call agent and
service type
exit
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beside mgcp command.
mgcp call-agent 10.197.183.226 4000 \* specifying the call agent and port no
controller#framing esf
controller# ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type none service mgcp \* creating chanellized time slots (DS0
for CAS, pri-group for CCS)
mgcp #mgcp call-agent 10.197.183.226 service-type mgcp version 0.1 \*specifying the call agent
and service type
show mgcp
show ccm-manager
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1) Go to CM admin page --> Device --> Gateway and click ADD NEW.
mgcp_11.PNG
2) Select Gateway type and click next. Then select protocol type. In our case, it is MGCP. Click Next.
mgcp_12.PNG
3) Put in the domain name (hostname.domain name), CUCM group and Module in Slot 0,1 etc. Then click save.
(Note: Please take extra care here as many issues arrive because of bad names).
mgcp_13.PNG
mgcp_8.PNG
5) Finally, congure the endpoints. Conguring 0/0/0. Select the Device protocol (be it either Digital Access T1 - T1- CAS or Digital
Access PRI - CCS).
mgcp_9.PNG
6) Based on the cong le you want, please congure the MGCP endpoint.
ACTIVE
Layer 2 Status: \* To check Q.921 (LAPD) TEI = 0, Ces = 1, SAPI = 0, State
= MULTIPLE_FRAME_ESTABLISHED signalling
between provider and cisco router
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Layer 3 Status:
Cong examples:
controller E1 0/3/0
framing crc4
linecode hdb3
interface Serial0/3/0:15
ccm-manager mgcp
ccm-manager music-on-hold
mgcp
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controller E1 0/3/0
framing crc4
linecode hdb3
b) "B channel maintenance status" setting in service parameter to block B channels from using in normal operation.
d) There will be no alteration in the XML le sent from CUCM to MGCP gateway, however, when call routed by CUCM, it would no that it
has certain channels as "out of service" and won't use it for call routing.
mgcp_10.PNG
Call ow:
1006 4200
Debug analysis:
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X: c
R: D/[0-9ABCD*#]
Q: process,loop
<---
200 375 OK
I: 4
v=0
a=rtpmap:100 X-NSE/8000
a=fmtp:100 192-194
<---
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000810: May 31 01:09:17.195: ISDN Se0/0/0:15 Q931: TX -> SETUP pd = 8 callref = 0x0003
000811: May 31 01:09:17.223: ISDN Se0/0/0:15 Q931: RX <- CALL_PROC pd = 8 callref = 0x8003
000813: May 31 01:09:17.227: ISDN Se0/0/0:15 Q931: RX <- ALERTING pd = 8 callref = 0x8003
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C: D0000000012c90fb000000F500000003
I: 4
X: c
R: D/[0-9ABCD*#]
S:
Q: process,loop
v=0
o=- 4 0 IN EPN S0/SU0/DS1-0/12@VXML-3945.cisco.com
t=0 0
<---
200 376 OK
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<---
000817: May 31 01:09:19.767: ISDN Se0/0/0:15 Q931: RX <- CONNECT pd = 8 callref = 0x8003
000820: May 31 01:09:19.771: ISDN Se0/0/0:15 Q931: TX -> CONNECT_ACK pd = 8 callref = 0x0003
X: 0
O:
<---
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200 911799872
<---
000823: May 31 01:09:30.079: ISDN Se0/0/0:15 Q931: RX <- DISCONNECT pd = 8 callref = 0x8003
C: D0000000012c90fb000000F500000003
I: 4
X: c
R: D/[0-9ABCD*#]
Q: process,loop
<---
200 377 OK
<---
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C: D0000000012c90fb000000F500000003
I: 4
X: c
S:
<---
250 378 OK
<---
000830: May 31 01:09:30.099: ISDN Se0/0/0:15 Q931: TX -> RELEASE pd = 8 callref = 0x0003
000831: May 31 01:09:30.107: ISDN Se0/0/0:15 Q931: RX <- RELEASE_COMP pd = 8 callref = 0x8003
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Trace analysis:
DD=4200
Name=S0/SU0/DS1-0@VXML-3945.cisco.com found
AuConnectRequest(19697914,19697915)
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Detailed traces can be found in the attached text document. It can be ltered using >> in notepad++.
GOOD LINKS:
https://supportforums.cisco.com/discussion/10041911/t1-cas-vs-t1-pri
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/voice-unied-communications/unied-communications-manager-
callmanager/42104-debug-mgcp.html
Regards,
Ronak Agarwal
mgcp_traces.txt
15 Helpful
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COMMENTS
06-09-2015 02:19 AM
Muthurani Lavanya Paneerselvam Collaborator
Excellent document !
Regards
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Lavanya
06-09-2015 05:13 A
Ronak Agarwal Beginner
Regards,
Ronak Agarwal
12-23-2015 06:14 AM
manzoormuhammed1 Beginner
Hi,
Great Document
From the debug could you please explain when the q.921 exchange is takes place between Gateway and Telco?
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