Case – AMBULANCE AND FIRE DEPARTMENT RESPONSE INTERNAL STUDY

Ambulance Fire

Total 10484.39 Total 9131.95

Count 936.00 Count 936.00

Mean 11.2 Mean 9.76

Mean Hypothesis Test

To check if fire truck arrives at the scene on average more than 1 minute sooner than an
ambulance.

If it does arrive more than 1 min later, we will reject the null hypothesis

Ho µ1-µ2 <= 1
Ha µ1-µ2 > 1

S1 (ambulance) 2.07
S2 (fire) 1.32
Mean1 - Mean 2 1.44
Pooled std dev 1.74
sigma p 0.08
Taking confidence interval of 95%
z-value 1.96
z X sigma p 0.16
LL UL
1.29 1.60

Since the CI falls between 1.28 and 1.6 which is greater than 1

Reject the Null Hypothesis

Proportion Hypothesis Test

To check if the frequency of arrival within 8 minutes is greater for the fire department

If the frequency of fire department is more, we will reject Null Hypothesis

Ho π1 - π2 <=0
Ha π1 - π2 >0

p1 (within 8 mins) 0.19

 p2 0.27
Diff in p 0.08
Std error 0.02
Taking confidence interval of 95%
z-value 1.96
z * Std error 0.04
LL UL
0.04 0.12

Since CI falls between 0.04 and 0.12 which is greater than 0

Reject the null hypothesis

Since both conditions are satisfied, Training of fire personnel should be done

Case: A bipartisan agenda for change

PART 1: Descriptive statistics of the data
The below mentioned table shows the consolidated data of whether the pay-cut for the late
budget should be implemented for the legislative:
Particulars Response 1 Response 2 Total Response 1% Response 2%
Democrat 22 14 36 61.11% 38.89%
Independent 10 9 19 52.63% 47.37%
Republican 39 6 45 86.67% 13.33%
Total 71 29 100

From the above table it can be seen that percentage of yes respondents in republican is very
high as compared to the other two. Therefore, we can say that the classification is not
independent.
The below mentioned table shows the consolidated data of whether there restrictions should be
implemented on the lobbyists:
Particulars Response 1 Response 2 Total Response 1% Response 2%
Democrat 21 15 36 58.33% 41.67%
Independent 15 4 19 78.95% 21.05%
Republican 34 11 45 75.56% 24.44%
Total 70 30 100

From the above table it can be seen that percentage of yes respondents in democrat is very low
as compared to the other two. Therefore, we can say that the classification is not independent.
The below mentioned table shows the consolidated data of whether term limit should be
implemented:
 Particulars Response 1 Response 2 Total Response 1% Response 2%
Democrat 17 19 36 47.22% 52.78%
Independent 10 9 19 52.63% 47.37%
Republican 32 13 45 71.11% 28.89%
Total 59 41 100

From the above table it can be seen that percentage of yes respondents in republican is very
high as compared to the other two. Therefore, we can say that the classification is not
independent.

PART 2:
With reference to the question that should legislative pay be cut for everyday the state budget
is late. To check for the independence of the response we conduct a chi-square test. The below
mentioned are the hypothesis developed:
H0: Responses are independent
Ha: Responses are not independent

Observed Value Democrat Independent Republican Grand Total

Response 1 22 10 39 71
Response 2 14 9 6 29
Grand Total 36 19 45 100

Expected Value Democrat Independent Republican Grand Total

Response 1 25.56 13.49 31.95 71
Response 2 10.44 5.51 13.05 29
Grand Total 36 19 45 100

Chi-square Test Democrat Independent Republican

Response 1 0.4958 0.9029 1.5556
Response 2 1.2139 2.2105 3.8086

Chi-square dof P value Decision

10.18748101 2 1% Reject H0

From the above test it is can be concluded that the responses are not independent of party
affiliation.

PART 3:
With reference to the question that should we place restrictions on the lobbyists. To check for
the independence of the response we conduct a chi-square test. The below mentioned are the
hypothesis developed:
H0: Responses are independent
Ha: Responses are not independent

Observed Value Democrat Independent Republican Grand Total

Response 1 21 15 34 70
Response 2 15 4 11 30
Grand Total 36 19 45 100
Expected Value Democrat Independent Republican Grand Total
Response 1 25.2 13.3 31.5 70
Response 2 10.8 5.7 13.5 30
Grand Total 36 19 45 100

Chi-square Test Democrat Independent Republican

Response 1 0.7000 0.2173 0.1984
Response 2 1.6333 0.5070 0.4630

Chi-square dof P value Decision

3.719020 2 16% Can't Reject H0

From the above test it is can be concluded that the responses are independent of party
affiliation.

PART 4:
With reference to the question that should there be term limits requiring the legislators serve
for a fix number of years. To check for the independence of the response we conduct a chi-
square test. The below mentioned are the hypothesis developed:
H0: Responses are independent
Ha: Responses are not independent

Observed Value Democrat Independent Republican Grand Total

Response 1 17 10 32 59
Response 2 19 9 13 41
Grand Total 36 19 45 100
 Expected Value Democrat Independent Republican Grand Total
Response 1 21.24 11.21 26.55 59
Response 2 14.76 7.79 18.45 41
Grand Total 36 19 45 100

Chi-square Test Democrat Independent Republican

Response 1 0.8464 0.1306 1.1187
Response 2 1.2180 0.1879 1.6099

Chi-square dof P value Decision

5.1116 2 8% Can't Reject H0

From the above test it is can be concluded that the responses are independent of party
affiliation.

PART 5:
From the above analysis we observe that for two out of three questions the response was
independent of the affiliation to the party and the respondents are in favour of the change. From
this we can conclude that there is a broad support for change across all political lines as majority
of the respondents has voted for the change irrespective of their political affiliation.