Beruflich Dokumente
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the following students of Fourth Year of Four Year Degree
Course in Civil Engineering have successfully completed their partial (part A) of project
“ON AESTHETIC AND ARCHITECTURAL PLANNING AND DESIGNING OF COMMERCIAL
BUILDING USING GREEN CONCEPT (EMERALD CITY)” in VII Semester (Aug 2009 to Nov
2009) in a satisfactory manner as per the curriculum laid down by the University of
Mumbai.
_______________________ _______________________
Dr. Moinuddin Ahmed Prof. Zaheer Khan
(PRINCIPAL) (HEAD OF DEPARTMENT)
__________________________ _______________________
Prof. ASIF MAZHAR ANSARI
(PROJECT GUIDE) (EXAMINER)
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
INDEX
4. Architectural Drawings.
9. Bamboo Restaurant.
10. Conclusion
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
AND
SITE SELECTION
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The project is a G+2 storey mall cum office building comprising of a terrace
on each floor to enhance the aesthetic view of the structure. The main idea behind
this project is to learn the GREEN CONCEPT of design and architecture which
is the most upcoming field in developing countries like INDIA.
The exceptional plan of the structure and the unique elevation enhances the
aesthetic view of the building an even proves to be distinct amongst the adjacent
structures by displaying exceptional elegance and comfort.
The lifts situated are provided to serve the desired purpose of vertical circulation
inside the building premises. The planning of a complex is done very carefully by
keeping the eco-friendly concept in mind. It is planned in such a way that
maximum benefit from environment is gained for e.g. The position of door
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
and window is planned in such a direction were the wind velocity is more so that
good ventilation is used and we can save the electricity.
According to the green concept, there should be “Maximum use of natural light
during day time” by providing sufficient windows & ventilators.
SITE SELECTION
The primary need for the commercial complex is to serve the recent growth
of residents in that locality.
Also there is an airport proposed to be constructed at a 2 kilometer distance
from the site.
Because of the airport the mall will prove to be very useful as a recreation
centre to passengers.
Since there are various industries nearby the aesthetic view of the mall will
surely add to the beauty of the site.
ADDRESS OF SITE
At Post Dahisar,
Dist-Thane,
Mumbra Panvel Road,
Near Ekta Developers,
Thane 400612
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 2
PRINCIPLE OF PLANNING
AND
BUILDING BYELAWS
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 2
PRINCIPLE OF PLANNING AND BUILDING BYELAWS
Design Criteria:
Grouping:
(a) Service area: Areas of Shop, Super market, Office at 1st and 2nd floor, bath
room and toilet. Service area that we have provided is 535.8 Sqm per floor. This is
55.23% of the total plan area.
(b) Circulation area: Areas for passage, lobby, corridor etc., has minimum but
well ventilated & lighted.
Circulation area provided is 280 Sqm per floor. This is 29.7% of the total plan area
of ground floor
Circulation area provided is 120 Sqm per floor. This is 12.47% of the total plan
area of 1st and 2nd.
Roominess: -
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Circulation:-
Horizontal circulation:-
Vertical circulation:
Privacy:-
Internal privacy has been provided by properly aligning the various compartments
according to its use.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
OPEN SPACES
In commercial plot ad measuring 1000 sqm or more in area, 10% of the total
area shall be provided as an amenities open space subjected to maximum of 2500
sqm.
FRONT MARGIN: Minimum space 12m from the road or 37m from the national
highway
SIDE AND REAR OPEN SPACE: Side and rear marginal distances to be left open
shall not be less then 6m wide
In commercial building all the walls, containing the opening for the light and
ventilation fully exposed to an exterior open space either directly should not
exceed 12m.
FIRE PROTECTION
The planning , design and construction of any building shall be such as to
ensure safety from fire, for this purpose, the approach to the building open spaces
on all side upto 6m width and there layout shall confirmed to the requirement of
the chief fire officer. They shall be capable of taking the weight of a fire engine
weighing upto 18 tonnes these open spaces shall be free of any obstruction and
shall be motarable.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
LIFT
The planning and designing of the lift including their number, type and
capacity depending on the occupancy of the building, the population of each floor
based the occupant load and the building height shall be in accordance with section
5-installation of lift and escalator, National Building Code of INDIA
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 3
GREEN CONCEPT
AND
IMPLEMENTATION
IN THE BLDG
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 3
GREEN CONCEPT AND IMPLEMENTATION IN THE BLDG
To begin with the green concept the first and foremost thing to know is that the
design and the architecture should be such that maximum of the gift of nature is
utilized and minimum energy consumption and maintenance is required which is
the basic requirement of a particular structure to be economical.
“For every one million sq.ft of constructed green building footprint, the CO 2
reductions around 12,000 tonnes per annum”
Hence, because of the above consequences the green building concept has to be
used for our future generations to breathe in fresh air and be out of the danger of
environmental impacts.
Environmental benefits:
Economic benefits:
Energy efficiency
Green buildings often include measures to reduce energy use. To increase the
efficiency of the building envelope, (the barrier between conditioned and
unconditioned space), they may use high-efficiency windows and insulation in
walls, ceilings, and floors. Another strategy, passive solar building design, is often
implemented in low-energy homes. Designers orient windows and walls and place
awnings, porches, and trees to shade windows and roofs during the summer while
maximizing solar gain in the winter. In addition, effective window placement (day
lighting) can provide more natural light and lessen the need for electric lighting
during the day. Solar water heating further reduces energy loads.
Onsite generation of renewable energy through solar power, wind power, hydro
power, or biomass can significantly reduce the environmental impact of the
building. Power generation is generally the most expensive feature to add to a
building.
Water efficiency
Reducing water consumption and protecting water quality are key objectives
in sustainable building. One critical issue of water consumption is that in many
areas of the country, the demands on the supplying aquifer exceed its ability to
replenish itself. To the maximum extent feasible, facilities should increase their
dependence on water that is collected, used, purified, and reused on-site. The
protection and conservation of water throughout the life of a building may be
accomplished by designing for dual plumbing that recycles water in toilet flushing.
Waste-water may be minimized by utilizing water conserving fixtures such as
ultra-low flush toilets and low-flow shower heads. Bidets help eliminate the use of
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
toilet paper, reducing sewer traffic and increasing possibilities of re-using water
on-site. Point of use water treatment and heating improves both water quality and
energy efficiency while reducing the amount of water in circulation. The use of
non-sewage and grey water for on-site use such as site-irrigation will minimize
demands on the local aquifer.
Materials efficiency
During the design and construction process choosing construction materials and
interior finish products with zero or low emissions will improve IAQ. Many
building materials and cleaning/maintenance products emit toxic gases, such as
VOC's and formaldehyde. These gases can have a detrimental impact on occupants'
health and productivity as well. Avoiding these products will increase a building's
IEQ.
Personal temperature and airflow control over the HVAC system coupled with a
properly designed building envelope will also aid in increasing a building's thermal
quality. Creating a high performance luminous environment through the careful
integration of natural and artificial light sources will improve on the lighting
quality of a structure.
No matter how sustainable a building may have been in its design and
construction, it can only remain so if it is operated responsibly and maintained
properly. Ensuring operations and maintenance (O&M) personnel are part of the
project's planning and development process will help retain the green criteria
designed at the onset of the project. Every aspect of green building is integrated
into the O&M phase of a building's life. The addition of new green technologies
also falls on the O&M staff. Although the goal of waste reduction may be applied
during the design, construction and demolition phases of a building's life-cycle, it
is in the O&M phase that green practices such as recycling and air quality
enhancement take place.
Waste reduction:
Green architecture also seeks to reduce waste of energy, water and materials
used during construction. For example, in California nearly 60% of the state's
waste comes from commercial buildings during the construction phase, one goal
should be to reduce the amount of material going to landfills. Well-designed
buildings also help reduce the amount of waste generated by the occupants as well,
by providing on-site solutions such as compost bins to reduce matter going to
landfills.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
To reduce the impact on wells or water treatment plants, several options exist.
"Greywater", wastewater from sources such as dishwashing or washing machines,
can be used for subsurface irrigation, or if treated, for non-potable purposes, e.g.,
to flush toilets and wash cars. Rainwater collectors are used for similar purposes.
Centralized wastewater treatment systems can be costly and use a lot of energy. An
alternative to this process is converting waste and wastewater into fertilizer, which
avoids these costs and shows other benefits. By collecting human waste at the
source and running it to a semi-centralized biogas plant with other biological
waste, liquid fertilizer can be produced. This concept was demonstrated by a
settlement in Lubeck Germany in the late 1990s. Practices like these provide soil
with organic nutrients and create carbon sinks that remove carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere, offsetting greenhouse gas emission. Producing artificial fertilizer is
also more costly in energy than this process
Cost:
1. BIOMETHANATION PLANT
2. RAINWATER HARVESTING
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 5
STRUCTURAL PLANNING
AND
DESIGNING
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 5
STRUCTURAL PLANNING AND DESIGNING
POSITIONING OF COLUMNS
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
POSITIONING OF BEAMS
INTERNAL B4 M25 12
BEAMS B8 M25 4
B10 M25 2
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
B11 M25 2
B12 M25 2
B13 M25 1
B15 M25 2
B16 M25 2
B17 M25 2
B18 M25 1
B19 M25 1
B20 M25 2
B21 M25 2
B22 M25 2
B23 M25 2
B24 M25 2
B25 M25 2
B26 M25 2
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
B35 M25 2
B36 M25 2
B37 M25 2
B38 M25 2
B39 M25 2
SPANNING OF SLABS
This is decided by the positions of the supporting beams or walls. When the
supports are only on opposite sides or only in one direction the slab acts as a one
way supported slab. When this slab is supported in two perpendicular directions it
acts as a two way supported slab. However the two way slab does not only depend
on the manner in which is supported but also on the aspect ratio of the long span
Ly/Lx, the ratio of the reinforcement in the two directions and the boundary
conditions. Therefore the designer is free to decide as to whether the slab he is to
be designed as a one way or as the two ways.
1. A slab acts as a two way slab when the aspect raito Ly/Lx <2. A slab
with Ly/Lx >2 is designed as a one way slab.
2. A two way slab is generally economical compared to one way slab
because the steel along both the spans acts as main steel transfers the load
to all the four supports. While in one way main steel reinforcement is
provided along the shorts span and the load is transferred to two opposite
supports only the steel along the long span just acts as distribution steel
and he is not designed transferring for the loads.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
LY/LX
SLABS Nos. GRADEOFCONCRETE REMARK
RATIO
S1 16 M25 1.25 TWO WAY
S2 4 M25 3.77 ONE WAY
S3 2 M25 1.12 TWO WAY
S4 2 M25 1.53 TWO WAY
S5 2 M25 1.39 TWO WAY
S6 4 M25 1.04 TWO WAY
S7 1 M25 1.19 TWO WAY
S8 1 M25 1.31 TWO WAY
S9 2 M25 - TRAPEZOIDAL
S10 1 M25 - TRAPEZOIDAL
S11 1 M25 4.09 ONE WAY
S12 2 M25 3.43 ONE WAY
S13 1 M25 - TRAPEZOIDAL
S14 2 M25 - TRAPEZOIDAL
S15 2 M25 - TRAPEZOIDAL
S16 2 M25 1.48 TWO WAY
S17 2 M25 - TRAPEZOIDAL
S18 2 M25 - TRIANGULAR
S19 1 M25 - TRIANGULAR
There Are Total 8 Two Way Slabs, 3 One Way Slabs, 6 Trapezoidal Slabs and 2
Triangular Slabs on each Floor.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
DESIGN OF SLAB
assuming m.f=1.3
d=4200/26*1.3
=124.26mm
D=124.26+15+5
dx=150-15-5=130mm,
dy=150-15-10-5=120mm,
LOAD CALCULATION:
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
BENDING MOMENT
MAIN REINFORCEMENT
Astreq=0.5fckbd(1-(1-(4.6*Mu/fckbd2))0.5
Astmin=0.12% of bD
Astmin=180 mm2
SPACING
Spacing reqd=0.25π*r2*1000/Astreqd
=300 mm
Provide 10 mm dia bar @300 mm in both direction i.e, along shorter and longer
direction.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHECKS
a) Shear:
vu=0.6×wu×leff
=29.295 KN
tu=vu/bd
=0.225 N/mm2
tc=0.32 N/mm2
tuc=ktc , k=1.3,
b) Flexure (depth):
dreqd=√𝑀𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥⁄0.138𝑓𝑐𝑘𝑏
c) Deflection:
dmin=leff/26*m.f
fs=0.58fy*(Astreq/Astprovid)
Therefore m.f=2
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
d) Development length:
Ld=0.87fy∅/4tbd
=470 mm
𝑀𝑢1
1.3 + l o≥ Ld
𝑉𝑢
Xu=6.564mm
Mu1=6.01 KN-m
Vu=0.4wdle + 0.45wile
Vu=20.475 KN
𝑀𝑢1
1.3 + l o =381.58+100 = 481.58 mm ≥ Ld (safe)
𝑉𝑢
e) Edge Reinforcement:
f) Torsional reinforcement:
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Layout of Escalator
The type of Escalator and its layout is governed essentially by the available size of
room and position of beams and columns along its boundary.
PARTICULARS SPECIFICATION
TYPE Escalator
SPAN Simply supported span of 7.2m
PLANNING
1)STAIRCASE HALL 7.2m * 4.4m
2)FLOOR TO FLOOR 4.8 m
HT
3)RISER 0.20 m
4)TREAD 0.30 m
5)NOS OF RISER 24
6)NOS OF TREAD 24
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 6
RAINWATER HARVESTING
SYSTEM
IMPLEMENT IN BLDG AND
DESIGNING
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 6
RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
1. Rain water harvesting replenishes the ground water table and enables the
dug wells and bore wells to yield in a sustained manner.
2. If ground water is brackish, harvesting will reduce the salinity of water.
3. Due to presence of iron salts, water becomes yellow and rain water
harvesting leach out these salts; leaching to clean the water availability in
the long run.
4. Flooding of low lying areas and roads can be avoided to a large extent, since
rain water that is not harvested both within house as well as outside is
responsible for flooding.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
5. Rain water can be used for conservation and harvesting for irrigation
purpose.
6. It promotes conjunctive use of river, rain ground, and sea and sewage water.
7. It prevents unsustainable exploitation of the aquifer.
8. It ensures efficiency, economy and equity in the water use through co-
operative management of water sheds and command area.
9. It regulates the expansion of water market.
The advantages of utilizing rain water to supply house-hold needs and Quality can
easily be maintained; the system is simple to construct; there is no negative
environmental impacts; it helps reduce problems such as soil erosion and flood
hazards; and reduce reliance on ground water allows replenishment of ground
water tables.
Roof top water harvesting can be constructed where ever there are permanent
settlements experiencing difficult water supply conditions usually they require roof
areas of more than 30 sq. m. , but even in smaller areas can provide partial supply
to relieve some of the burden of fetching water. Roof top harvesting is comprised
of the roof top as the catchment areas, connected by gutters and pipes to a storage
container. The most suitable roof top surfaces are corrugated iron sheet.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Fig. 4 (a)
The Potential
The total amount of water that is received in the form of rainfall over an area is
called the rainwater endowment of that area. Out of this, the amount that can be
effectively harvested is called the water harvesting potential. Refer Fig. 4 (a)
INFLUENCING FACTORS
Among the several factors that influence the rainwater harvesting potential
of a site, eco-climatic conditions and the catchment characteristics are considered
to be the most important.
RAINFALL
Quantity
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Pattern
The number of annual rainy days also influences the need and design for
rainwater harvesting. The fewer the annual rainy days or longer the dry period, the
more the need for rainwater collection in a region. However, if the dry period is too
long, big storage tanks would be needed to store rainwater. Hence in such regions,
it is more feasible to use rainwater to recharge groundwater aquifers rather than for
storage.
Catchment area characteristics:
Runoff depends upon the area and type of the catchment over which it falls
as well as surface features.
Number of persons in the household: The greater the number of persons, the
greater the storage capacity required to achieve the same efficiency of fewer
people under the same roof area.
Per capita water requirement: This varies from household to household
based on habits and also from season to season. Consumption rate has an
impact on the storage systems design as well as the duration to which stored
rainwater can last.
Average annual rainfall
Period of water scarcity: Apart from the total rainfall, the pattern of rainfall -
whether evenly distributed through the year or concentrated in certain
periods will determine the storage requirement. The more distributed the
pattern, the lesser the size.
Type and size of the catchment: Type of roofing material determines the
selection of the runoff coefficient for designs. Size could be assessed by
measuring the area covered by the catchment i.e., the length and horizontal
width. Larger the catchment, larger the size of the required cistern (tank).
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Illustration
Design procedure:
Following details are available:
Area of the catchment (A) = 965 sq. m
Average annual rainfall (R) = 800 mm (0.8 m)
Runoff coefficient (C) = 0.85 00
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
STEPS:
1) Calculate the maximum amount of rainfall that can be harvested from the
rooftop:
Annual water harvesting potential = 965 x 0.8 x 0.85
= 656.2 cu. m. (650,000 litres)
As a safety factor, the tank should be built 20 per cent larger than required, i.e.,
780,000 litres. This tank can meet the basic drinking water requirement of a
commercial building for the dry period. A typical size of a rectangular tank
constructed in the basement will be about 15 m x 15 m x 3.5 m.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
37
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 7
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 7
SOLAR PANEL SYSTEM
PV panels collect energy from the sun and convert it into electricity PV
systems convert sunlight directly into electricity. “Photo” refers to light and
“voltaic” to electricity. A PV cell is made of a semiconductor material, usually
crystalline silicon, which absorbs sunlight. You’ve seen PV cells at work in simple
mechanisms like watches and calculators. You’ve probably even seen them for
signs on the road. More complex PV systems produce solar electricity for houses
and the utility grid. The utility grid is the power source available to your local
electricity provider.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
PV cells are typically combined into modules, or panels, containing about 40 cells.
Roughly ten modules constitute a PV array, or grouping of panels.
Most PV panels contain a top protective layer, two specially treated layers of
silicon with collecting circuitry attached to the top layer, and a polymer backing
layer.
The top layer of silicon is treated to make it electrically negative; the back layer is
treated it make it electrically positive. When sunlight knocks electrons loose from
the silicon, electrons move up from the bottom layer of silicon and crowd the
electrons in the top layer. The electrons
freed from the top layer are collected by
electrical contacts on the surface of the top
layer and routed through an external
circuit, thus providing power to the
electrical system attached to the panels.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Because solar electric systems only produce power when the sun is shining,
many consumers also connect their solar system to a utility power grid that
provides additional electricity when the solar panels are not producing enough.
That type of solar system is called a grid-tied system.
Costs also vary depending on whether your solar energy system is grid-tied
or off-grid. The cost of installing a typical off-grid PV system in a home ranges
from $15,000-$20,000 per kilowatt hour. The cost lowers when the solar system is
installed as part of the initial house construction, because it is easier and more cost-
efficient to incorporate energy-saving design, PV panels and other equipment
during construction than to add them after the house is already built.
Small stand-alone solar electricity systems are often used for RV power, lighting,
cabins, back-up and portable power systems.
A complete stand-alone solar system provides independence from both fossil fuels
and electric utility companies.
A typical complete stand-alone system uses two inverters to make sure power is
available for large loads such as air conditioners, and one inverter can supply
power when the other may not be working or needs servicing.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Hybrid systems combine PV panels with additional power sources such as fossil-
fuel generators.
A hybrid system uses fewer solar panels than a typical stand-alone system, because
a gasoline, propane or diesel generator produces power when solar panels are not
producing enough.
Such systems can be used for cabins, remote homes and to power small medical
facilities in third-world countries.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
What Happens if a Solar System Produces More Energy Than the Home
Needs?
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
REPORT BY
CASAnova
Data sheet
Geometry:
Length of north and south facade: 50.0 m
Length of west and east facade: 27.3 m
Height (without roof): 14.2 m
Number of floors: 3
Height of roof: 1.0
Roof ridge: in north-south-direction
Deviation from south direction (east positiv): -35.0 °
Insulation:
U values of the walls:
north: 0.20 W/(m² K)
south: 0.20 W/(m² K)
east: 0.20 W/(m² K)
west: 0.20 W/(m² K)
Roof:
Towards: outside air
U value: 0.20 W/(m² K)
Lower floor:
Towards: non-heated cellar (with insulation)
U value: 0.20 W/(m² K)
Door (north facade):
Area: 0.0 m²
U value: 1.50 W/(m² K)
Wärmebrücken: increase U-values of surrounding planes by 0.10
W/(m² K) (normal construction)
Building:
Interior temperature: 20.0 °C
Limit of overheating: 36.0 °C
Ventilation:
Natural ventilation (infiltration): 0.60 1/h
Mechanical ventilation: 0.00 1/h
Heat recovery (only mech. ventilation): 0%
Internal gains: 25.0 kWh/(m² a)
Kind of indoor walls: medium construction
Kind of outdoor walls: medium construction
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Climate:
Climate station: New Delhi (Bharat Ganarajya)
Windows:
North:
Windows area: 248.5 m²
Fraction of windows area at the facade: 35.0 %
Kind of windows: heat protection double glazing (U = 1.4 W/(m² K))
U value glazing: 1.40 W/(m² K)
U value frame: 1.50 W/(m² K)
g value glazing: 0.58
Fraction of frame: 20.0 %
Shading: 20.0 %
South:
Window area: 248.5 m²
Fraction of windows area at the facade: 35.0 %
Kind of windows: heat protection double glazing (U = 1.4 W/(m² K))
U value glazing: 1.40 W/(m² K)
U value frame: 1.50 W/(m² K)
g value glazing: 0.58
Fraction of frame: 20.0 %
Shading: 20.0 %
East:
Window area: 0.0 m²
Fraction of windows area at the facade: 50.0 %
Kind of windows: heat protection double glazing (U = 1.4 W/(m² K))
U value glazing: 1.40 W/(m² K)
U value frame: 1.50 W/(m² K)
g value glazing: 0.58
Fraction of frame: 20.0 %
Shading: 20.0 %
West:
Window area: 0.0 m²
Fraction of windows area at the facade: 5.0 %
Kind of windows: heat protection double glazing (U = 1.4 W/(m² K))
U value glazing: 1.40 W/(m² K)
U value frame: 1.50 W/(m² K)
g value glazing: 0.58
Fraction of frame: 20.0 %
Shading: 20.0 %
Energy:
Heating system: low temperature burner, boiler and distribution
inside the thermal zone
Heat transfer / system temperature: radiators (outside walls), thermostatic valves
(layout temperature: 1K), system temperature:
70/55°C
Source of energy: fuel oil
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 8
THE GREEN BUILDING
RATING SYSTEM
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 8
THE GREEN BUILDING RATING SYSTEM
In the rating system the particular structure is given points depending upon how
strictly the clauses laid down by the a)LEED B)IGBC C)USGBC etc … are
followed and how eco-friendly the structure is or will be.
The LEED System is a point based system. The building projects earn points
based on their satisfying Green building criteria. They must satisfy certain
requirements and earn credit points based on six different categories. The six
categories
Sustainable sites
Water efficiency
Energy and atmosphere
Materials and resources
Indoor environmental quality
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
The guidelines detailed under each credit enable the design and construction of
green homes of all sizes and types. IGBC Green Homes addresses green features
under the following categories:
Site Selection and Planning
Water Efficiency
Energy Efficiency
Materials
Indoor Environmental Quality
Innovation & Design Process
Different levels of green building certification are awarded based on the total
credits earned. However, every Green Home should meet certain mandatory
requirements, which are non-negotiable.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
49
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 9
BAMBOO RESTAURANT
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CHAPTER 9
BAMBOO RESTAURANT
INTRODUCTION
There are several differences between bamboo and wood. In bamboo, there are
No rays or knots, which give bamboo a far more evenly distributed stresses
throughout its length.
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
Chemical industries
Biochemical products
Pharmaceutical industry
Energy
Charcoal
Pyrolysis
Gasification
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
53
PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CONCLUSION
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PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX USING
GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
2010
CONCLUSION
We highly appreciate the help given by our project guide “PROF ASIF MAZHAR
ANSARI” and we all are thankful to him.
As this project teaches us to co-ordinate with the project guide, colleagues, this
project will be very helpful in our future.
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