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Here’s a basic rule to subtract a large number from 1,000: Subtract every number except the
last from 9 and subtract the final number from 10
For example:
1,000 – 556
Multiplying numbers
When multiplying the number 5 by an even number, there is a quick way to find the answer.
For example, 5 x 4 =
Step 1: Take the number being multiplied by 5 and cut it in half, this makes the
number 4 become the number 2.
Step 2: Add a zero to the number to find the answer. In this case, the answer is 20.
5 x 4 = 20
Step 1: Subtract one from the number being multiplied by 5, in this instance the
number 3 becomes the number 2.
Step 2: Now halve the number 2, which makes it the number 1. Make 5 the last digit.
The number produced is 15, which is the answer.
5 x 3 = 15
Division tricks
Here’s a quick way to know when a number can be evenly divided by these certain numbers:
Multiplying by 9
This is an easy method that is helpful for multiplying any number by 9. Here is how it works:
3–1=2
9–2=7
So, 9 x 3 = 27
The trick to multiplying any number by 10 is to add a zero to the end of the number. For
example, 62 x 10 = 620.
There is also an easy trick for multiplying any two-digit number by 11. Here it is:
11 x 25
Take the original two-digit number and put a space between the digits. In this example, that
number is 25.
2_5
Now add those two numbers together and put the result in the center:
2_(2 + 5)_5
2_7_5
If the numbers in the center add up to a number with two digits, insert the second number and
add 1 to the first one. Here is an example for the equation 11 x 88
8_(8 +8)_8
(8 + 1)_6_8
9_6_8
Percentage
Finding a percentage of a number can be somewhat tricky, but thinking about it in the right
terms makes it much easier to understand. For instance, to find out what 5% of 235 is, follow
this method:
Step 1: Move the decimal point over by one place, 235 becomes 23.5.
Step 2: Divide 23.5 by the number 2, the answer is 11.75. That is also the answer to
the original equation.
[3 x (3 + 1)] = 12
12 & 25 = 1225
35 squared = 1225
Tough multiplication
When multiplying large numbers, if one of the numbers is even, divide the first number in
half, and then double the second number. This method will solve the problem quickly. For
instance, consider
20 x 120
Step 1: Divide the 20 by 2, which equals 10. Double 120, which equals 240.
10 x 240 = 2400
Multiplying numbers that end in zero is actually quite simple. It involves multiplying the
other numbers together and then adding the zeros at the end. For instance, consider:
200 x 400
2x4=8
80,000