Portafolio de evidencia

2° Unidad.

Alumno: Santillán Morales Aylin Lizeth.

Docente: Ing. Javier Cerqueda Chávez.

Materia: Álgebra Lineal.

Carrera: Mecatrónica.

Grado: 1º

Grupo: H
 Actividad 1.
Reducción de términos semejantes.

3 1 3 1 1 12+8 20 10 5 1 5+8 13
1. 𝑎2 𝑏 + 𝑎2 𝑏 − 𝑎 2 = + + = = = = + = = =
8 4 8 4 1 32 32 16 8 1 8 8
5 5 2
1 = 1 𝑎 𝑏
8 8

2.-a+8a+9a-15a=8a+9a-15a-a=17a-16a=a

3.7ab-11ab+20ab-31ab=7ab+20ab-11ab-31ab=27ab-42ab=-15ab

4.25x2 -50x2+11x2+14x2 =25x2+11x2+14x2-50x2=50x2-50x2=0

5.-xy-8xy-19xy+40xy=40xy-xy-8xy-19xy=40xy-28xy=12xy

6.7ab+21ab-ab-80ab=28ab-81ab=-53ab

7.-25xy2+11xy2+60xy2-82xy2=11xy2+60xy2-25xy2-82xy2=71xy2-107xy2=-36xy2

8.-72ax+87ax-10ax+243ax=87ax+243ax-72ax-101ax=330ax-173ax=157ax

9.-82bx-71bx-53bx+206bx=206bx-53bx-71bx-82bx=206bx-206bx=0

10.105a3-464a3+58a3+301a3=105a3+58a3301a3-464a3=464a2-464a3=0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 8 13
11. 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 = 𝑥+ 𝑥− 𝑥− 𝑥= 𝑥− 𝑥= 𝑥
2 3 4 5 2 4 3 5 4 15 60

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 1
12. 𝑦 − 𝑦 + 𝑦 − 𝑦= 𝑦+ 𝑦− 𝑦− 𝑦= 𝑦− 𝑦= 𝑦
3 3 6 12 3 6 3 12 6 12 12

3 1 1 3 1 1
13. 𝑎2 𝑏 − 𝑎2 𝑏 + 𝑎2 𝑏 − 𝑎2 𝑏 = 𝑎2 𝑏 + 𝑎2 𝑏 − 𝑎2 𝑏 − 𝑎2 𝑏 =
5 6 3 5 3 6

14 2 7 84 − 105 2 21 7
𝑎 𝑏 − 𝑎2 𝑏 = 𝑎 = − 𝑎2= − 𝑎2
15 6 90 90 30

5 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 1 2 3 2 3 2
14.− 6 𝑎𝑏 − 6 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 − 8 𝑎𝑏 = 𝑎𝑏 − 6 𝑎𝑏 − 6 𝑎𝑏 − 8 𝑎𝑏 = − 8 𝑎𝑏
15.-a+8a-11a+15a-75a=8a+15a-a-11a-75=23a-87a= -69a

16.-7c+21c+14c-30c+82c=21c+14c+82c-7c-30c=117c - 37c=87c

17.-mn+14mn-31mn-mn+20mn=14mn+20mn-mn-mn-31mn=34mn-

33mn=87mn

18.a2y-7a2y-93a2y+51a2y+48a2y=a2y+51a2y+48a2y-7a2y-

93a2y=100a2y-100a2=0

19.-a+a-a+a-3a+6a=a+a+6a-a-a-3a=8a-5a=3a

1 2 7 1 7 1 2 1
20. 𝑥 + 𝑥− 𝑥+ 𝑥−𝑥 =− 𝑥−𝑥+ 𝑥+ 𝑥+ 𝑥 =
2 3 6 2 6 2 3 2
13 5 1
− 𝑥+ 𝑥= 𝑥
6 3 2

3 1 5 5 3 1 17 2
21.−2𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 = −2𝑥 − 6 𝑥 + 4 𝑥 + 4 𝑥 = − 𝑥 + 𝑥 =
4 4 6 6 1
11
− 6
22.7ax-30ax-41ax-9ax+73ax=7ax+73ax-30ax-41ax-9ax=80ax-80ax=0
 Actividad 2.
Reducción de términos semejantes.

a){8x-[5x-(-x+y)+7y]+2y}={8x-[5x+x-y+7y]+2y}={8x-5x-x+y-7y+2y}=
8x-5x-x+y-7y+2y=2x-4y

b)-{x+[2y+3-(x+5y-1)-6x]+3y-7 }+3x=-{x+[2y+3-5y+1-6x]+3y-7}+3x=
-{x+2y+3-x-5y+1-6x+3y-7 }+3x=-x-2y-3+x+5y-1+6x-3y+7+3x=
-x+x+6x+3x-2y+5y-3y-3-1+7=9x+3

c)-{5x-y-[3y-(z-2y+x)-4x]+z}=-{5x-y-[3y-z+2y-x-4x]+z}=
-{5x-y-3y+z-2y+x+4x+z}=-5x+y+3y-z+2y-x-4x-z=
-5x-x-4x+y+3y+2y-z-z=-10x+6y-2z

d)3a+{-5x-[a+(9x-a-x)]}=3a+{-5x-[-a+9x-a-x]}=3a+{-5+a-9x+a+x}=
3a-5x+a-9x+a+x=3ª+a+a-5x-9x+x=5a-13x

e)-[-3a-{b+[-a+(2a-b)-(-a+b)]+3b}+4a]=-[-3ª-{b+[-a+2ª-b+a-b]+3b}+4a]=
-[-3ª-{b-a+2ª-b+a-b+3b}+4a]=-[-3a-b+a-2a+b-a+b-3b+4a]=
3a+b-a+2a-b+a-b+3b-4a=3a+2a+a-a-4a+b+3b-b-b=a+2b
 Actividad 3.

1)2x+[-5x-(-2y+{-x+y})]=2x+[-5x-(-2y-x+y)]=2x+[-5x+2y+x-y]=
2x-5x+2y+x-y=2x+x-5x+2y-y=-2x+y

2)x2-{-7xy+[-y2+(-x2+3xy-2y2)]}= x2-{-7xy+[-y2-x2+3xy-2y2]}=
x2-{-7xy-y2-x2+3xy-2y2}=x2+7xy+y2+x2-3xy+2y2=
x2+x2+y2+2y2+7xy-3xy=2x2+3y2+4xy

3)-(a+b)+[-3a+b-{-2a+b-(a-b)}+2a]=-a-b+[-3a+b-{-2a+b-a+b}+2a]=
-a-b+[-3a+b+2a-b+a-b+2a]=-a-b-3a+b+2a-b+a-b+2a=
-a-3a+2a+a+2a-b-b-b+b=a-2b

4)-(-a+b)+[-(a+b)-(-2a+3b)+(-b+a-b)]=a-b+[-a-b-(-2+3b)+(-b+a-b)]=
a-b+[-a-b+2a-3b+(-b+a-b)]=a-b+[-a-b+2a-3b-b+a-b]=
a-b-a-b+2a-3b-b+a-b=a+2a+a-a-b-3b-b-b=3a-7b

5)7m2-{-[m2+3n-(5-n)-(-3+m2)]} -(2n+3)=
7m2-{-[m2+3n-5+n-(-3+m2)]} -(2n+3)=7m2-{-[m2+3n-5+n+3-m2]}-2n-3=
7m2-{-m2-3n+5-n-3+m2} -2n-3=7m2+m2+3n-5+n+3-m2-2n-3=
7m2+ m2- m2+3n+n-2n-5-3+3=7m2+2n-5

6)2a-(-4a+b)-{-[-4a+(b-a)-(-b+a)]}=2a+4a-b-{-[-4a+b-a-(-b+a)]}=
2a+4a-b-{-[-4a+b-a+b-a]}= 2a+4a-b-{+4a-b+a-b+a}=
2a+4a-b-4a+b-a+b-a=2a+4a-4a-a-a+b+b-b=b
 Actividad 4.
Multiplicación o producto.

1 4 4 5 2
1)( 𝑎2 ) ( 𝑎3 𝑏) = 𝑎 𝑏 = 5 𝑎5 𝑏
2 5 10

3 7 3 1 3
2)(− 𝑚2 𝑛) (− 𝑎2 𝑚3 ) = (− 𝑚2 𝑛) (− 𝑎2 𝑚3 ) = 𝑎 2 𝑚5 𝑛
7 14 7 2 14

2 3 6 2
3)( 𝑥 2 𝑦 3 ) (− 𝑎2 𝑥 4 𝑦) = − 𝑎2 𝑥 6 𝑦 4 = − 𝑎2 𝑥 6 𝑦 4
3 5 15 5

1 4 4 2 1
4)( 𝑚3 𝑛4 ) (− 𝑎3 𝑚2 𝑛) = − 𝑎 3 𝑚5 𝑛5 = − 𝑎 3 𝑚5 𝑛5 = − 𝑎 3 𝑚5 𝑛5
8 5 40 20 10

7 2 14 7 1
5)(− 𝑎𝑏𝑐) ( 𝑎3 ) = − 𝑎4 𝑏𝑐 = − 𝑎2 𝑏𝑐 = − 𝑎4 𝑏𝑐
8 7 56 28 4

3 5 15 3 1
6)(− 𝑥 3 𝑦 4 ) (− 𝑎2 𝑏𝑦 5 ) = 𝑎2 𝑏𝑥 3 𝑦 9 = 𝑎2 𝑏𝑥 3 𝑦 9= 𝑎2 𝑏𝑥 3 𝑦 9
5 6 30 6 2

1 3 3 1
7)( 𝑎) ( 𝑎𝑚 ) = 𝑎𝑚+1 = 𝑎𝑚+1
3 5 15 5

3 2 6 3
8)(− 𝑎𝑚 ) (− 𝑎𝑚 ) = 𝑎2𝑚 = 𝑎2𝑚
4 5 20 10

3 2 6 3
9)(− 𝑎𝑚 ) (− 𝑎𝑏 3 ) = 𝑎𝑚+1 𝑏 3 = 𝑎𝑚+1 𝑏 3
4 5 20 10

5 3 15 1
10)( 𝑎𝑚 𝑏 𝑎 ) (− 𝑎𝑏 2 𝑐) = − 𝑎𝑚+1 𝑏 𝑎+2 𝑐 = − 𝑎𝑚+1 𝑏 𝑎+2 𝑐
6 10 60 4

2 3 6 2
11)(− 𝑎 𝑥 𝑏 𝑚+1 ) (− 𝑎 𝑥−7 𝑏 𝑚 ) = 𝑎2𝑥−1 𝑏 2𝑚+7 = 𝑎2𝑥−1 𝑏 2𝑚+7
9 5 45 15

3 4 12 6 3
12)( 𝑎𝑚 𝑏 𝑛 ) (− 𝑎2𝑚 𝑏 𝑛 ) = − 𝑎3𝑚 𝑏 2𝑛 = − 𝑎3𝑚 𝑏 2𝑛= − 𝑎3𝑚 𝑏 2𝑛
8 5 20 20 10

2 𝑥+1 𝑥−3 2 44 88
13)(− 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 ) (− 𝑎 𝑥−3 𝑏 2 ) =− 𝑎2𝑥−2 𝑏 𝑥−1 𝑐 2 =
11 7 77
8 2𝑥−2 𝑥−1 2
− 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
1
 Actividad 5.

a)(a3x-4a2x2+5ax3-x4) (-2a2x)=
(a3x)(-2a2x)+(-4a2x2) (-2a2x )+(5ax3)( -2a2x )+(-x4)(-2a2x)=
2a5x2+8a4x3-10a3x4+2a2x5

b)(xa+1y-3xa-1y2+2xa-1y3-xa-2y4) (-3x2ym)=
(xa+1y) (-3x2ym) +(-3xa-1y2) (-3x2ym) +(2xa-1y3) (-3x2ym)+(-xa-2y4) (-3x2ym)=
-3xa+3ym+1+9xa+2ym+2-6xa+1ym+3+3xaym+4

2 3 5 2
c)( 𝑥 4 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 3 + 𝑦 6 ) (− 𝑎2 𝑥 3 𝑦 2 ) =
3 5 6 9
4 2 7 4+ 6 2 5 6 10 2 3 8 4 2 5 2 3 8
− 𝑎 𝑥 𝑦 𝑎 𝑥 𝑦 − 𝑎 𝑥 𝑦 = − 𝑎2 𝑥 7 𝑦 4+ 𝑎2 𝑥 5 𝑦 6 − 𝑎 𝑥 𝑦
27 45 54 27 15 27

e)(xa+5-3xa+4+xa+3-5xa+1)(-2x2)=
( xa+5)( -2x2)+(-3xa+4)( -2x2)+(xa+3)( -2x2)+(-5xa+1)(-2x2)=
-2xa+7+6xa+6-2xa+5+5xa+3
 Actividad 6.

1)(3x3-x2)(-2x)=(3x3)(-2x)+(-x2)(-2x)=-6x4+3x3

2)(8x2y-3y2) (2ax3)=( 8x2y)(2ax2)+(-3y2) (2ax3)=16ax5y-6ax3y2

3)(x2-4x+3)(-2x)=( x2)(-2x)+(-4x)(-2x)+(3)(-2x)=-2x3+8x2-6x

4)(a3-4a2+6a)(3ab)=( a3)(3ab)+(-4a2)(3ab)+(6a)(3ab)=
3a4b-12a3b+18a5b2

5)(a2-2ab+b2)(-ab)=( a2)(-ab)+(-2ab)(-ab)+(b2)(-ab)=-a3b+2a2b2-ab3

6)(x5-6x3-8x)(3a2x2)=( x5)(3a2x2)+(-6x3)(3a2x2)+(-8x)(3a2x2)=
3a2x7-18a2x5-24a4x9

7)(m4-3m2n2+7n2)(-4m3x)=( m4)(-4m3x)+(-3m2n2)(-4m3x)+(7n2)(-4m3x)=
-4m7x+12m5xn2-28m3n4x

8)(x3-4x2y+6xy2)(x3y)=( x3)(x3y)+(-4x2y)(x3y)+(6xy2)(x3y)=
ax6y-4ax5y2+6x4y3

9)(a3-5a2b-8ab2)(-4a4m2)=
( a3)(-4a4m2)+(-5a2b)(-4a4m2)+(-8ab2)(-4a4m2)=
-4a7m2+20a2m2b+32a5b2m2

10)(am-am-1+am-2)(-2a)=( am)(-2a)+(-am-1)(-2a)+(am-2)(-2a)=
-2am+1+2am-am-1

11)(xm+1+3xm-xm-1)(3x2m)=( xm+1)(3x2m)+(3xm)(3x2m)+(-xm-1)(3x2m)=
3x3m+1+9x3m-3x3m-1
12)(ambn+am-1bn+1-am-2bn+2)(3a2b)=
( ambn)(3a2b)+(am-1bn+1)(3a2b)+(-am-2bn+2)(3a2b)=
3am+2bn+1+3am+1bn+2-3ambn+3

13)(x3-3x2+5x-6)(-4x2)=( x3)(-4x2)+(-3x2)(-4x2)+(5x)(-4x2)+(-6)(-4x2)=
-4x5+12x4-20x3+24x2

14)(a4-6a3x+9a2x2-8)(3bx3)=
( a4)(3bx3)+(-6a3x)(3bx3)+(9a2x2)(3bx3)+(-8)(3bx3)=
3a4bx3-18a3bx4+27a2bx5-24bx3

15)(an+3-3an+2-4an+1-an)(-anx2)=
( an+3)(-anx2)+(-3an+2)(-anx2)+(-4an+1)(-anx2)+(-an)(-anx2)=
-a2n+3x2+3a2n+3x2+4a2n+1x2+a2nx2

16)(x4-6x3+8x2-7x+5)(-3a2x3)=
( x4)(-3a2x3)+(-6x3)(-3a2x3)+(8x2)(-3a2x3)+(-7x)(-3a2x3)+(5)(-3a2x3)=
-3a2x7+18a2x6-24a2x5+21a2x4-15a2x3

17)(-3x3+5x2y-7xy2-4y3)(5a2xy2)=
( -3x3)(5a2xy2)+(5x2y)(5a2xy2)+(-7xy2)(5a2xy2)+(-4y3)(5a2xy2)=
15a2x4y2+25a2x3y3-35a2x2y4-20a2xy5

18)(xa+5-3aa+4+xa+3-5xa+1)(-2x2)=
( xa+5)(-2x2)+(-3aa+4)(-2x2)+(xa+3)(-2x2)+(-5xa+1)(-2x2)=
-2xa+7+6aa+4x2-2xa+5+10xa+3
 Actividad 7.
Multiplicación de polinomios.

a)(3x+y)(x+3y)=(3x)(x)+(3x)(3y)+(y)(x)+(y)(3y)=3x2+9xy+xy+3y2=
3x2+10xy+3y2

1 1
b)( 𝑥 2 − 2) ( 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1) =
2 4
1 1 1 1 1
( 𝑥 2 ) ( 𝑥 2 ) + ( 𝑥 2 ) (𝑥) + ( 𝑥 2 ) (−1) + (−2) ( 𝑥 2 ) + (−2)(𝑥) + (−2)(−1) =
2 4 2 2 4
1 4 1 3 1 2 2 2 1 4 1 3
𝑥 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 2 = 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2
8 2 2 4 8 2

1 1 2 4
c)( 𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦) ( 𝑥 − 𝑦) =
2 3 3 5
1 2 1 2 1 4 1 4
(2 𝑥 ) (3 𝑥) + (− 3 𝑥𝑦) (3 𝑥) + (2 𝑥 2 ) (− 5 𝑦) + (− 3 𝑥𝑦) (− 5 𝑦) =
2

2 4 2 4 1 28 4
𝑥 3 − 10 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 9 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 15 𝑥𝑦 2 = 3 𝑥 3 − 45 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 15 𝑥𝑦 2
6

d)(am+2-4am-2ªm+1)(a2-2a)=
( am+2)(a2)+(-4am)(a2)+(-2ªm+1)(a2)+(am+2)(-2a)+(-4am)(-2a)+(-2ªm+1)(-2a)=
am+4-2am+3-4am+2+8am+1-2am+3+4am+2=am+4-4am+38am+1

e)(xa+2-3xa-xa-1+xa-1)(xa+1+xa+4xa-1)=
(xa+2)(xa+1)+(-3xa)(xa+1)+(-xa-1)(xa+1)+(xa-1)(xa+1)+(xa+2)(xa)+(-3xa)(xa)+
(-xa-1)(xa)+(xa-1)(xa)+(xa+2)(4xa-1)+(-3xa)(4xa-1)+(-xa-1)(4xa-1)+(xa-1)(4xa-1)=
X2a+3+x2a+2+4a2a+1-3x2a+1-3x2a-12x2a-1-x2a-x2a-1-4x2a-2+x2a+x2a-1+4x2a-2=
X2a+3+x2a+2+x2a+1-2x2a-12x2a-1-3x2a-2

1 1 1 3 1 1
f)( 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑏) ( 𝑎2 − 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ) =
3 2 5 4 2 4
1 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1
(3 𝑎 ) (4 𝑎 ) + (2 𝑏 ) (4 𝑎 ) + (− 5 𝑎𝑏) (4 𝑎2 ) + (3 𝑎2 ) (− 2 𝑎2 ) + (2 𝑏 2 ) (− 2 𝑎2 ) +
2 2 2 2

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(− 5 𝑎𝑏) (− 2 𝑎2 ) + (3 𝑎2 ) (− 4 𝑏 2 ) + (2 𝑏 2 ) (− 4 𝑏 2 ) + (− 5 𝑎𝑏) (− 4 𝑏 2 ) =
3 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1
𝑎2 − 𝑎4 − 𝑎2 𝑏 2 + 𝑎2 𝑏 2 − 𝑎2 𝑏 2 − 𝑏 4 − 𝑎3 𝑏 + 𝑎3 𝑏+ 𝑎𝑏 3 =
12 6 12 8 4 8 20 10 20
1 4 1 1 1 3 1
𝑎 + 𝑎2 𝑏 2 − 𝑏 4 − 𝑎 𝑏+ 𝑎𝑏 3
4 24 8 50 20
 Actividad 8.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1) (2 𝑎 − 3 𝑏) (3 𝑎 + 2 𝑏) = (2 𝑎) (3 𝑎) + (− 3 𝑏) (3 𝑎) + (2 𝑎) (2 𝑏) +
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1
(− 3 𝑏) (2 𝑏) = 6 𝑎2 + 4 𝑎𝑏 − 9 𝑎𝑏 − 6 𝑏 2 = 6 𝑎2 + 36 𝑎𝑏 − 6 𝑏 2

2 5 1 5 2 5 1
2)(𝑥 − 𝑦) ( 𝑦 + 𝑥) = (𝑥) ( 𝑦) + (− 𝑦) ( 𝑦) + (𝑥) ( 𝑥) +
5 6 3 6 5 6 3
2 1 5 1 10 2 29 1 2
(− 5 𝑦) (3 𝑥) = 6 𝑥𝑦 + 3 𝑥 − 35 𝑦 + 15 𝑥𝑦 = 30 𝑥𝑦 + 3 𝑥 − 7 𝑦 2
2 2 2

1 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 2
3)( 𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 ) ( 𝑥 − 𝑦) = ( 𝑥 2 ) ( 𝑥) + (− 𝑥𝑦) ( 𝑥) +
2 3 4 3 2 2 3 3 3
1 2 2 1 2 3 1 3 1 2 3 2
(4 𝑦 ) (3 𝑥) + (2 𝑥 ) (− 2 𝑦) + (− 3 𝑥𝑦) (− 2 𝑦) + (4 𝑦 ) (− 2 𝑦) = 6 𝑥 3 −
2 2 2 3 3 3 1 35 2 3
𝑥 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦 3 = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦 3
9 12 4 6 8 3 36 3 8

1 2 1 3 1 1 1
4)( 𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 ) ( 𝑎 − 𝑏) = ( 𝑎2 ) ( 𝑎) + (−𝑎𝑏) ( 𝑎) +
4 3 4 2 4 4 4
2 2 1 1 2 3 3 2 2 3 1
(3 𝑏 ) (4 𝑎) + (4 𝑎 ) (− 2 𝑏) + (−𝑎𝑏) (− 2 𝑏) + (3 𝑏 ) (− 2 𝑏) = 16 𝑎3 −
1 2 2 3 3 6 1 5 5
𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 2 − 𝑎2 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 2 − 𝑏 3 = 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 2 − 1𝑏 3
4 12 8 2 6 16 8 3

2 1 1 3 2 3
5)( 𝑚2 + 𝑚𝑛 − 𝑛2 ) ( 𝑚2 + 2𝑛2 − 𝑚𝑛) = ( 𝑚2 ) ( 𝑚2 ) +
5 3 2 2 5 2
1 3 1 3 2 1
(3 𝑚𝑛) (2 𝑚2 ) + (− 2 𝑛2 ) (2 𝑚2 ) + (5 𝑚2 ) (2𝑛2 ) + (3 𝑚𝑛) (2𝑛2 ) +
1 2 1 1
(− 2 𝑛2 ) (2𝑛2 ) + (5 𝑚2 ) (−𝑚𝑛) + (3 𝑚𝑛) (−𝑚𝑛) + (− 2 𝑛2 ) (−𝑚𝑛) =
6 3 3 2 1 1 2
𝑚4 + 𝑚3 𝑛 − 𝑚2 𝑛2 + 2 𝑚2 𝑛2 + 2 𝑚𝑛3 − 2 𝑛4 − 𝑚3 𝑛 −
10 6 4 5 3 2 5
1 2 2 1 3 9 79 17 5 4
𝑚 𝑛 + 𝑚𝑛 = 𝑚4
2
+ 𝑚 𝑛+ 3 2 2
𝑚 𝑛 + 𝑚𝑛 −3
𝑛
3 2 5 10 60 6 2
 Actividad 9.
División.
1)(am+3)÷(am+2)=a

2)(2xa+4)÷(-xa+2)=-2x2

3
3)(-3am-2)÷(-5ªm-5)= 𝑎3
5

4)(x2n+3)÷(-4xn+4)=-4xn-1

4
5)(-4ax-2bn)÷(-5a3b2)= 𝑎 𝑥+5 𝑏 𝑛−2
5

7
6)(-7xm+3ym-1)÷(-8x4y2)= 𝑥 𝑚−1 𝑦 𝑚+1
8

5
7)(5a2m-1bx-3)÷(-6a2m-2bx-4)=− 𝑎𝑏
6

4
8)(-4xn-1yn+1)÷(5xn-1yn+-)=− 𝑥𝑦
5

9)(am+nbx+n)÷(amba)=anbx+n+a

5
10)(-5ab2c3)÷(6ambncx)=− 𝑎𝑚 𝑏 𝑛+2 𝑐 𝑥+3
6
 Actividad 10.
1)(a2-ab)÷(a)=( a2÷a)+(-ab÷a)=a
5
2)(3x2y2-5a2x4) ÷ (-3x2)=( 3x2y2÷ -3x2)+(-5a2x4 ÷ -3x2)=-1y2+ 𝑎2 𝑥 2
3

3)(3a2-5ab2-6a2b3)÷(-2a)=( 3a2÷ -2a)+(-5ab2÷ -2a)+(-6a2b3÷ -2a)=

2 5
− 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 3𝑎𝑏 3
3 2

4)(x3-4x2+x)÷(x)=( x3÷x)+(-4x2÷x)+(x÷x)=x2-4x
5)(4x8-10x6-5x4 )÷(2x3)=( 4x8÷2x3)+(-10x6÷2x3)+(-5x4 ÷2x3)=
5
2𝑥 5 − 5𝑥 3 − 𝑥
2
6)(6m3-8m2n+20mn2) ÷(-2m)=( 6m3÷-2m)+(-8m2n÷ -2m)+(20mn2÷-2m)=
-3m2+4mn-10n2
7)(6a8b8-3a6b6-a2b3)÷(3a2b3)=( 6a8b8÷3a2b3)+(-3a6b6÷3a2b3)+
(-a2b3÷3a2b3)=2a6b5-a4b3
8)(x4-5x3-10x2+15x)÷(-5x)=( x4÷-5x)+(-5x3÷-5x)+(-10x2÷-5x)+(15x÷-5x)=
1
− 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3
5
9)(8m9n2-10m7n4-20m5n6+12m3n6)÷(2m2)=( 8m9n2÷2m2)+
(-10m7n4÷2m2)+(-20m5n6÷2m2)+(12m3n6÷2m2)=
4m7n2-5m5n4-10m3n6+6mn6
10)(ax+am-1) ÷ (a2)=( ax÷a2)+(am-1÷a2)=ax-2+am-3
11)(2am-3am+2+6am+4) ÷ (-3a3)=( 2am÷-3a3)+(-3am+2÷-3a3)+(6am+4÷-3a3)=
2
− 𝑎𝑚−3 + 𝑎𝑚−1 − 2𝑎𝑚+1
3
12)(ambm+am-1bn+2-am-2bn+4) ÷ (a2b3)=
( ambm÷a2b3)+(am-1bn+2÷a2b3)+(-am-2bn+4÷a2b3)=am-2bm-3+am-3bn-1-am-5bn+1
13)(xm+2-5xm+6xm+1-xm-1)÷(xm-2)=( xm+2÷xm-2)+(-5xm÷xm-2)+(6xm+1÷xm-2)
+(-xm-1÷xm-2)=x4-5x2+6x3-x
14)(4ax+4bm-1-6ax+3bm-2+8ax-2bm-3)÷(-2ax+2bm-4)=(4ax+4÷-2ax+2bm-4)
+(bm-1÷-2ax+2bm-4)+(-6ax+3bm-2÷-2ax+2bm-4)+(8ax-2bm-3÷-2ax+2bm-4)=
-2a2b3+3ab2-4a4b
 Actividad 11.

1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3
1)( 𝑥 2 − x) ÷ ( 𝑥) = ( 𝑥 2 ÷ 𝑥) + (− 𝑥 ÷ 𝑥) = 𝑥 − 1
2 3 3 2 3 3 3 4

1 3 1 3 1 3 3 3
2)( 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 + 𝑎) ÷ (− ) = ( 𝑎3 ÷ − ) + (− 𝑎2 ÷ − ) +
3 5 4 5 3 5 5 5
1 3 5 2
(4 𝑎 ÷ − 5) = − 9 𝑎3 + 1𝑎2 − 15 𝑎

1 2 3 1 1 1 2
3)( 𝑚4 − 𝑚3 𝑛 + 𝑚2 𝑛2 ) ÷ ( 𝑚2 ) = ( 𝑚4 ÷ 𝑚2 ) + (− 𝑚3 𝑛 ÷
4 3 8 4 4 4 3
1 2 3 2 2 1 2 2 8 12 2
𝑚 )+ (8 𝑚 𝑛 ÷ 𝑚 ) = 1𝑚 − 𝑚𝑛 + 𝑛
4 4 3 8

2 1 1 1 2 1
4)( 𝑥 4 𝑦 3 − 𝑥 3 𝑦 4 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 5 − 𝑥𝑦 6 ) ÷ (− 𝑥𝑦 3 ) = ( 𝑥 4 𝑦 3 ÷ − 𝑥𝑦 3 ) +
3 5 4 5 3 5
1 1 1 1 1
(− 5 𝑥 3 𝑦 4 ÷ − 5 𝑥𝑦 3 ) + (4 𝑥 2 𝑦 5 ÷ − 5 𝑥𝑦 ) + (−𝑥𝑦 ÷ − 5 𝑥𝑦 6 ) = 3 6

10 5 1
− 𝑥 3 + 1𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 3
3 4 5

2 1 2 1
5)( 𝑎5 − 𝑎3 𝑏 3 − 𝑎𝑏 5 ) ÷ (5𝑎) = ( 𝑎5 ÷ 5𝑎) + (− 𝑎3 𝑏 3 ÷ 5𝑎) +
5 3 5 3
7 1
(−𝑎𝑏 5 ÷ 5𝑎) = 𝑎 − 4 2 3
𝑎 𝑏 − 5𝑏
5 15
 Actividad 12.

a)(9x2-12x+4) ÷(3x-2)=
3𝑥 − 2
3x-2 9𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 4
−9𝑥 2 + 6𝑥
−6𝑥 + 4
6𝑥 − 4
0 0

b)(y2+2y-48)÷(y-6)=
𝑦+8
Y+8 𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 − 48
−𝑦 2 + 6𝑦
8𝑦 − 48
0 0
 Actividad 13.
1)(a2+2a-3)÷(a+3)=
𝑎−1
a+3 𝑎 2 + 2𝑎 − 3
−𝑎2 − 3
−𝑎 − 3
𝑎+3
0 0
2)(a2-2a-3)÷(a+1)=
𝑎−3
a+1 𝑎2 − 2𝑎 − 3
−𝑎2 − 3𝑎
−𝑎 − 3
𝑎+3
0 0
3)(x2-20+x)÷(x+5)=
𝑥−4
X+5 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 20
−𝑥2 − 5𝑥
−4𝑥 − 20
4𝑥 − 20
0 0
4)(m2-11m+30)÷(m-6)=
𝑚−5
m-6 𝑚3 − 11𝑚 + 30
−𝑚3 + 6𝑚
−5𝑚 + 30
5𝑚 − 30
0 0
5)(x2+15-8x)÷(3-x)=
−𝑥 + 5
-x+3 𝑥 2 + 15 − 8𝑥
−𝑥 2 +3𝑥
+15 − 5𝑥
0 0
6)(6+a2+5a)÷(a+2)=
𝑎+3
a+2 𝑎2 + 5𝑎 + 6
−𝑎2 − 2𝑎
3𝑎 + 6
−3𝑎 − 6
0 0
7)(6x2-xy-2y2)÷(y+2x)=
3𝑥 − 2𝑦
2x+y 6𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 2
−6𝑥 2 − 3𝑥𝑦
−4𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 2
4𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2
0 0
8)(-15x2-8y2+22xy)÷(2y-3x)=
5𝑥 − 4𝑦
-3x+2y −15𝑥 2+ 22𝑥𝑦 − 8𝑦 2
+15𝑥 2 − 10𝑥𝑦
+12𝑥𝑦 − 8𝑦 2
−12𝑥𝑦 + 8𝑦 2
0 0
9)(5a2+8ab-21b2)÷(a+3b)=
5𝑎 − 7𝑏
a+3b 5𝑎 2 + 8𝑎𝑏 − 21𝑏 2
−5𝑎2 − 15𝑎𝑏
−7𝑎𝑏 − 21𝑏2
+7𝑎𝑏 + 21𝑏 2
0 0
10)(14x2-12+22x)÷(7x-3)=
2𝑥 + 4
7x-3 14𝑥 2 + 22𝑥 − 12
−14𝑥 2 + 6𝑥
28𝑥 − 12
−28𝑥 + 12
0 0
 Actividad 14.
Productos notables.

1)(m+n)2=(m)2+2(m)(n)+(n)2=m2+2mn+n2

2)(xy+2z)=(xy)2+2(xy)(2z)+(2z)2=x2y2+4xyz+4z2

3)(4-3x)2=(4)2+2(4)(3x)+(3x)2=16-24x+9x2

4)(5ax-by)2=(5ax)2+2(5ax)(by)+(by)2=25a2x2-10abxy+b2y2

5)(6+3ab)2=(6)2+2(6)(3ab)+(3ab)2=36+36ab+9a2b2

6)(m-n)3=(m)3+3(m)2(n)+3(m)(n)2+(n)3=m3-3m2n+3mn2-n3

7)(a-1)3=(a)3+3(a)2(1)+(3)(a)(1)2+(1)3=a3-3a2+3a-1

8)(x2-5y)3=(x2)3+3(x2)2(-5y)+3(x2)(-5y)2+(-5y)3=x6-15x4y+30x2y2+125y3

9)(2a+3)3=(2a)2+3(2a)2(3)+3(2a)(3)2+(3)3=8a3+36a2+54a+27

10)(a3+b3)=(a3)3+3(a3)2(b3)+3(a3)(b3)2+(b3)3=a9+3a6b3+3a3b6+b9
 Actividad 15.
1)(c-d)2=(c)2+2(c)(-d)+(-d)2=c2-2cd+d2

2)(3a+2b)2=(3a)2+2(3a)(2b)+(2b)2=9a2+12ab+4b2

3)(3a-2b)2=(3a)2+2(3a)(-2b)+(-2b)2=9a2-12ab+4b2

4)(5x3+3y)2=(5x3)2+2(5x3)(3y)+(3y)2=25x6+30x3y+9y2

5)(5x3-3y)2=(5x3)2+2(5x3)(-3y)+(-3y)2=25x6-30x3y+9y2

6)(mx+ny)2=(mx)2+2(mx)(ny)+(ny)2=m2x+2mxny+n2x

7)(xa+yb)2=(xa)2+2(xa)(yb)+(yb)2=x2a+2xayb+y2b

8)(xm-2y)2=(xm-2)2+2(xm-2)(y)+(y)2=x2m+4+3xm-2y+y2

9)(ma+2+na+2)2=(ma+2)2+2(ma+2)(na+2)+(na+2)=m2m+4+2ma+2na+2+n2a+4

10)(3x+4y)2=(3x)2+2(3x)(4y)+(4y)2=9x2+24xy+16y2

11)(2m2+5n3)2=(2m2)2+2(2m2)(5n3)+(5n3)2=4m4+20m2n3+25n6

12)(3x4+5y3)2=(3x4)2+2(3x4)(5y3)+(5y3)2=9x8+30x4y3+25y6
13)(2ab+3mn)2=(2ab)2+2(2ab)(3mn)+(3mn)2=4a2b2+12abmn+9m2n2

14)(60+1)2=(60)2+2(60)(1)+(1)2=3600+120+1

15)(3mn2+5x2y3)2=(3mn2)2+2(3mn2)(5x2y3)+(5x2y3)2=
9m2n4+30mn2x2y3+25x4y6

1 1 1 1
16)(x+ )2=(x)2+2(x)( )+( )2=x2+1x+
2 2 2 4

2 2 2 4 4
17)(a2+ )2=(a2)2+2(a2)( )+( )2=a4+ a2+
3 3 3 3 9

1 1 1 1
18)(3a- )2=(3a)2+2(3a)(- )+(− )2=9a2+1a+
6 6 6 36

2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1
19)( 𝑎2 + 𝑏)2=( 𝑎2 )2+2( 𝑎2 )( b)+( b)2= a4+ a2b+ b2
5 4 5 5 4 4 25 5 16

3𝑎3 2𝑏 2 3𝑎3 2 3𝑎3 2𝑏 2𝑏 9𝑎6 12𝑎3 𝑏 4𝑏2

20)( − ) =( ) +2( )(− )+(− )2= − +
2 3 2 2 3 3 4 6 9
 Actividad 16.

1)(3x+2y)3=(3x)3+3(3x)2(2y)+3(3x)(2y)2+(2y)3=27x3+54x2y+36xy2+8y3

2)(5m-3n)3=(5m)3+3(5m)2(-3n)+(5m)(-3n)2+(-3n)3=
125m3-225m2n+135-27n3

3)(3m+4n)3=(3m)3+3(3m)2(4n)+3(3m)(4n)2+(4n)3=
27m3+108m2n+144mn2+64n3

4)(2x+3y)3=(2x)3+3(2x)2(3y)+3(2x)(3y)2+(3y)3=8x3+36x2y+54xy2+27y3

5)(2x-3y)3=(2x)3+3(2x)2(-3y)+3(2x)(-3y)2+(-3y)3=8x3-36x2y+54xy2-27y3

6)(-m+n)3=(-m)3+3(-m)2(n)+3(-m)(n)2+(n)3=-m3+3m2n-3mn2+n3

7)(-x+y)3=(-x)3+3(-x)2(y)+3(-x)(y)2+(y)3=-x+3x2y-3xy2+y3

8)(2x+4y)3=(2x)3+3(2x)2(4y)+3(2x)(4y)2+(4y)3=8x3+48x2y+96xy2+64y3

9)(2x-4y)3=(2x)3+3(2x)2(-4y)+3(2x)(-4y)2+(-4y)3=8x3-48x2y+96xy2+64y3

10)(2m+3b)3=(2m)3+3(2m)2(3b)+3(2m)(3b)2+(3b)3=
8m3+36bm2+54b2m+27b3

11)(2m-3b)3=(2m)3+3(2m)2(-3b)+3(2m)(-3b)2+(3b)3=
8m3-36bm2+54b2m-27b3
12)(3x+5y)3=(3x)3+3(3x)2(5y)+3(3x)(5y)2+(5y)3=
27x3+135x2y+225xy2+125y3

13)(3x-5y)3=(3x)3+3(3x)2(-5y)+3(3x)(-5y)2+(-5y)3=
27x3-135x2y+225xy2-125y3

14)(2m2+4n3)3=(2m2)3+3(2m2)2(4n3)+3(2m2)(4n3)2+(4n3)3=
8m6+48m4n3+96m2n6+64n9

15)(xm+yn)3=(xm)3+3(xm)2(yn)+3(xm)(yn)2+(yn)3=x3m+3x2myn+3xmy2n+y3n

3 3 3 3 9 27 27
16)(a+ )3=(a)3+3(a)2( )+3(a)( )2+( )3=a3+ a2+ a+
4 4 4 4 4 16 64

3 3 3 3 9 27 27
17)(b- )=(b)3+3(b)2(− )+3(b)(− )2+(− )3=b3- b2+ b-
2 2 2 2 2 4 8

3 3 3 3 27 27
18)(2a- )3=(2a)3+3(2a)2(− )+3(2a)(− )2+(− )3=8a3-9a2+ a-
4 4 4 4 8 64

2 2 2 2 8
19)(3x+ )3=(3x)3+3(3x)2( )+3(3x)( )2+( )3=27x3+18x2+4x+
3 3 3 3 27

3 3 3 3 112 2 108 27
20)(4a- )3=(4a)3+3(4a)2(− )+3(4a)(- )2+(− )3=64a3- a + a-
5 5 5 5 5 25 125