The basic of duct systems

“How to select fans”

&
“The shape of the ducts around the fan”

Produced by GT-ED-KE , 2012

1. How to select fans
FAN Selection 1

“Select the types and models of fans based on their purpose of use and air flow rates. ”

(1) Basically, select centrifugal fans to be used for air-conditioning equipment and ventilation equipment.
(*Sirocco-type fans and limit load-type fans)

(2) If axial flow-type or diagonal flow-type fans are selected, pay attention to noise.

(3) Determine the total pressure loss of the duct system and the static pressure required for the fan,
based on resistance calculation.

(4) Use fan selection guides distributed by manufacturers to decide the model (blade size) and
the power (motor capacity) based on the required air flow rates and static pressure.
(*The fan selection guide on the slide was prepared assuming the standard conditions.
If air at a significantly high temperature is to be sent, you should correct the performance.)
(*If you use a fan selection guide, make sure that the guide corresponds to appropriate power supply
frequency of either 50 Hertz or 60 Hertz.)

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1. How to select fans
FAN Selection 2

“Considering noise”
(1) In principle, it is the best to install a fan system in a place so that the noise and vibration do not badly
affect the room to be air-conditioned.
(2) If fans are installed above ceilings above the room where people always uses, select sound-absorbing-
box-type fans.
(3) In particular, if you select axial flow-type fans and diagonal flow-type fans, pay extra attention to noise.

“Others”
(1) Basically fans should be set on the floor.
(2) Studying and checking vibration isolator .
(3) If fans are hung from the ceiling, small size is desirable.
(Fan size is No. 3-1/2 or smaller. If fans are set in a machine room, consult your boss about the fan size.)
(4) If you install fans outdoors, you should specify the outdoor-type motors to be used in the equipment list.
(5) If 400 V or higher level motors is used while noise are controlled by inverters, specify to "use high voltage
reinforced insulated motors for inverter drive".
(6) If you install fans in a room where fire is used, do not select axial flow-type fans and diagonal flow-type
fans.
(*Adopt overhung type fans.)
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1. How to select fans
FAN Selection 3

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 Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s
for Design & Construction of Duct Systems

“ Bekarazu – Shu ”
Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

1. Damper at Fan Delivery Point

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

《Damper at Fan Delivery Point》

Standard Damper
Air Velocity Damper face air velocity have to be kept lower than 10 m/s.
Specification ;
In case of expansion ducting required , putting ducting size expansion .
V ≦ 10 m/s
P ≦ 600 Pa

Damper Blade Outer ; Larger Force

Opposed Type Damper
Making Distance L ≧ 2D in case of V ≧ 8m/s .
Fan Revolution Damper Blade Inner ; Smaller Force
Damper Shaft direction is Vertical and Opposed Type Blade
; not Parallel Type Blade .

･ Damper setting after ducting expansion (1Pa/m) , after fan delivery point .
･ Inner and outer air velocity is much different ,
then vertical shaft is suitable and opposed type damper is better to be used .
( In case of Full open & Close use only , Parallel type damper can be used .)

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

2. Fan Delivery Ducting Curve

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

3. Fan Delivery is Opened

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

θ ＜ 30°

Setting expansion ducting (1Pa/m) at fan delivery point surely , θ< 30 °

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

4. Fan 2 nos. running and one no. running

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

(c)

Fan parallel arrangement is dangerous in fan 2 nos. running case and fan 1 no. running case also ,
In case of cannot arrange ducting same as ( c ) drawing , putting motor damper or check damper at fan delivery .

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

5. Fan Delivery Ducting ( Centrifugal Type Fan )

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

Fan delivery ducting

(Centrifugal type fan)

Fan delivery expansion duct ;

θ1 + θ2 ＞ 30°

Putting Expansion Ducting ( 1Pa/m ) at fan delivery point .

Expansion θ have to be smaller than 30°.
In case of larger than 30°, putting guide plate . ( Air Velocity V < 10 m /s. case , no need . )
In case of with elbow : curve after , or cannot be made straight ducting , putting guide plate .
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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

6. Fan Delivery Ducting ( High Pressure Axial Air Flow Type Fan )

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

After putting Standard Expansion Corn , Setting Round - Rectangular duct .

Straight Duct L > 2.5 D is required . ( L < 2.5 D case , need Guide Plate setting . )

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

7. Fan Delivery Ducting Details ( High Pressure Axial Air Flow Type Fan )

SF Type Fan Large Axial Air Flow Fan

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

8. Fan Delivery Ducting Details ( Low Pressure Axial Air Flow Type Fan )

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

Expansion Corn

(θ1+θ2 > 30°)

Rectangular-Round Duct
Rectangular-Round Duct Expansion is
same as Standard Corn

･ L > 2.5 D
･ In case of L ≦ 2.5 D ;
V ＜ 10 m/s , No Need Guide Vane
V ≧ 10 m/s , Need Guide Vane

Putting Expansion Corn Duct (1Pa/m) exactly at Fan Delivery Side .

Expansion Angle is smaller than 30°.
In case of larger than 30°, with Guide Vane .
( But Air Velocity < 10 m/s case , no Need Guide Vane . )
In case of with Elbow Curve after Fan Delivery , cannot be made straight duct , putting Guide Vane .
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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

9. Fan Suction Ducting ( Centrifugal Type Fan )

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

(W＜3/4D)

Putting expansion duct (1Pa/m) exactly at Fan Suction side .

Suction duct W have to be larger than Fan suction Dia. : D .
In case of V < 6 m/s , more than 0.7 D is acceptable . Without guide vane .

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

10. Fan Suction Ducting ( High Pressure Axial Air Flow Type Fan )

Bad Sample Counter Measure ; Correct Method

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

11. Fan Suction Ducting Details ( High Pressure Axial Air Flow Type Fan )

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

11. Fan Suction Ducting Details ( High Pressure Axial Air Flow Type Fan )

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

11. Fan Suction Ducting Details ( High Pressure Axial Air Flow Type Fan )

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Extracts from Do's & Don't‘s for Design & Construction of Duct Systems “ Bekarazu – Shu ”

11. Fan Suction Ducting Details ( High Pressure Axial Air Flow Type Fan )

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 The basic of duct systems
“How to select fans”
&
“The shape of the ducts around the fan”

This is all of presentation , Thank you .