Construction Management – IX

Assignment 2
Sanchita Jha
GCAD/15/127
Section A

Q1) Explain in broader terms the role of stake holders in project management of a
construction project.

A1) Stakeholders are those with any interest in your project's outcome. They are typically the
members of a project team, project managers, executives, project sponsors, customers, and users.
Stakeholders are people who are invested in the project and who will be affected by your project
at any point along the way, and their input can directly impact the outcome. It's a good idea to
practice good stakeholder management and constantly communicate with them in order to
collaborate on the project. After all, they have a stake in how it all turns out.

A project is successful when it achieves its objectives and meets or exceeds the expectations of
the stakeholders. Stakeholders are individuals who either care about or have a vested interest in
your project. They are the people who are actively involved with the work of the project or have
something to either gain or lose as a result of the project.
The project sponsor, generally an executive in the organization with the authority to assign
resources and enforce decisions regarding the project, is a stakeholder. The customer,
subcontractors, suppliers, and sometimes even the government are stakeholders. The project
manager, project team members, and the managers from other departments in the organization
are stakeholders as well. It’s important to identify all the stakeholders in your project upfront.
Leaving out important stakeholders or their department’s function and not discovering the error
until well into the project could be a project killer.
This shows a sample of the project environment featuring the different kinds of stakeholders
involved on a typical project.
The number of stakeholders that project managers must deal with ensures that they will have a
complex job guiding their project through the lifecycle. Problems with any of these members can
derail the project.
Second, the diagram shows that project managers have to deal with people external to the
organization as well as the internal environment, certainly more complex than what a manager in
an internal environment faces. For example, suppliers who are late in delivering crucial parts
may blow the project schedule. To compound the problem, project managers generally have little
or no direct control over any of these individuals.

Project Stakeholders

Top Management
Top management may include the president of the company, vice-presidents, directors, division
managers, the corporate operating committee, and others. These people direct the strategy and
development of the organization.

The Project Team

The project team is made up of those people dedicated to the project or borrowed on a part-time
basis.

Manager
Typically the boss decides what the assignment is and who can work with the project manager
on projects.

Peers
Peers are people who are at the same level in the organization as you and may or may not be on
the project team. These people will also have a vested interest in the product. However, they will
have neither the leadership responsibilities nor the accountability for the success or failure of the
project that you have.

Resource Managers
Because project managers are in the position of borrowing resources, other managers control
their resources. So their relationships with people are especially important.

Internal Customers
Internal customers are individuals within the organization who are customers for projects that
meet the needs of internal demands. The customer holds the power to accept or reject your work.
Early in the relationship, the project manager will need to negotiate, clarify, and document
project specifications and deliverables. After the project begins, the project manager must stay
tuned in to the customer’s concerns and issues and keep the customer informed.

External customer
External customers are the customers when projects could be marketed to outside customers. In
the case of Ford Motor Company, for example, the external customers would be the buyers of the
automobiles. Also if you are managing a project at your company for Ford Motor Company, they
will be your external customer.

Government
Project managers working in certain heavily regulated environments will have to deal with
government regulators and departments. These can include all or some levels of government
from municipal, provincial, federal, to international.

Contractors, subcontractors, and suppliers

There are times when organizations don’t have the expertise or resources available in-house, and
work is farmed out to contractors or subcontractors. This can be a construction management
foreman, network consultant, electrician, carpenter, architect, or anyone who is not an employee.
Managing contractors or suppliers requires many of the skills needed to manage full-time project
team members.

Depending on the project, managing contractor and supplier relationships can consume more
than half of the project manager’s time. It is not purely intuitive; it involves a sophisticated skill
set that includes managing conflicts, negotiating, and other interpersonal skills.
Here are some of the roles, job titles, departments or groups who might be stakeholders for a
Construction project.

List of Construction Stakeholders

Construction stakeholder Role/skill set
Site Joiner Craft
Shop fitter
Wood machinist
Bricklayers
General construction
Labourer
Painter and Decorator
Ceiling Fixer
Thatcher
Roofer
Scaffolder
Plant Mechanic
Plant Operator
Plasterer
Demolition Operative
Steel erectors/structural
Electrician
Client Customer
Project Manager Professional/managerial
Architects
Site Supervisor
Structural Engineer
Geospatial Modeler
Quantity Surveyor
Building Surveyor
Hydrographic Surveyor
Construction Manager
Site Foreman
Planner
Facilities Manager
Town Planner
Managing Director
Chairman
Contracts Manager
Commercial Manager
Investors Funding
Suppliers Group or department
Pressure groups
Trade associations
Regulatory authorities
 Emergency services
Marketing
Procurement
Civil Engineer Technical
Architectural Technician
Buyer
CAD operator
Construction Technician
Estimator
Plant Technician
Roofing Technician
Environmental regulators Statutory authorities/regulators
Planning authorities
Building Control/Building Regulations
Transport and Infrastructure
Waterways and coastal authorities

Q2) Why knowledge of construction project management is Essential for an architect?

Discuss giving examples a high rise project or mega scale project.

Project management is the direction and supervision of a project by the use of specific tools and
control techniques including cost control, manpower, time, plant/machineries, communication,
and motivation. PMs have total responsibility in construction sectors such as planning,
organizing, and controlling. They are responsible for making sure that the planning phase of a
project contains complete task definition, resources, time schedule, and a list of requirements.
Furthermore they organize the project to make sure of hiring competent staff in order to produce
necessary services and to achieve project objectives.
Many studies have mentioned had investigated the relationship between achieving project
success and construction project management competencies. Successful construction
organizations now focus on ensuring that PMs obtain the principal competencies that they
require to be successful in their jobs. Accordingly, it is clear that a PM plays a key role in
achieving success for a construction project. The relationship between client, developer, and/or
investor and the rest of the project’s construction team is also significant.
PMs play significant roles in the process of a construction/rehabilitation project. A PM with
adequate experience, supported by a group of qualified professional and clerical staff, will head
the project and be responsible for the day-to-day implementation of project activities. A PM and
his team should have training in management aspects.
While PMs play important roles in the construction industry from the design stage to
implementation and demolition, most employers and clients have paid little attention to the
performance of the architects in construction projects. They would rather concentrate on the
performance of contractors.

In order to carry out super high rise building projects, there should be a special organization
which has the integrated ,management capability of controlling the whole process from the
planning phase to the maintenance phase based on a through understanding and experiences of
restrictions and key construction technologies of super high rise buildings.

Project Management & Cost Consultancy services to one of the Tallest Residential Buildings in
Mumbai – THE IMPERIAL
The twin-tower residential skyscraper of Mumbai are currently the tallest complete building in
the country with height of 254 metres and 61 floors,inaugurated in 2010. The Imperial towers
also known as S D Towers is located in Tardeo . Imperial towers are currently the tallest
buildings in Mumbai.