Undergraduate Thesis Writing:

A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

UNDERGRAUDATE THESIS WRITING

Guided Template in Writing a Research in Social Sciences
By. Prof. Francis Louie Mendoza MA.POS-GP
Mentor, Political Science Program
AMA University Online Education

Abstract-Overview:

Research is an academic, empirical and objective study in a particular field of study, in a

particular topic given a particular locale. It could take the form of assessment, analysis, evaluation,
comparative, descriptive, survey, exploratory, experimental, scientific, historical, and ethnographic
among the most popular.
Basically, the for this module the following are the seven major parts of a complete research
paper;
A. Title Page
B. Preliminaries
 Approval Sheet (See Sample template, Appendix A)
 Endorsement Letter (See Sample template, Appendix A.1)
 Dedication Note: Preliminaries shall
 Acknowledgement only be made after Chapter
 Table of Contents One to Five
 List of Tables
 List of Figures
 List of Abbreviations
 List of Symbols (optional)
 Abstract

C. Chapter One: Introduction

 The Problem and Its Background
o Teaser/ Opening Statement
o Conceptual and Functional Definition
o Backgrounder or the Historical Development of the Phenomenon
o The Phenomenon, Status-quo and the Problem
o The Locale- History, Structure, vis-à-vis the Phenomenon
o Research Interest
 Objectives of the Study
 Statement of the Problem
 Hypothesis (if necessary)
 Theoretical Framework
 Conceptual Framework
 Research Paradigm
 Significance/Importance of the Study
 Scope and Delimitation
 Definition of Terms

Chapter Two: Review of Related Literatures and Studies

 Review of Related Literatures
o Foreign Literatures
 International/Global to Continental, then Asia
o Local Literatures

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 1 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

 National to Regional
 Review of Related Studies
o Foreign Studies
 International/Global to Continental, then Asia
o Local Literatures
 National to Local Government to the Specific local, if previous studies were
made or is available.
 Literature Synthesis

Chapter Three: Research Methodology

 Research Design
 Data Gathering Procedures
 Research Instrument
 Population and Sampling
 Treatment of Data
o Treatment for Qualitative Data
o Treatment for Quantitative Data
o Treatment for Mixed-Data

Chapter Four: Results and Discussion

 Simplifying of Data
 Interpretation of Data
 Discussion of Data
o Data Analysis
o Data Implication
o Data Incorporation

Chapter Five: Conclusions and Recommendations

 Summary of Findings
 Conclusions
 Recommendations

References and Bibliographic Entry;

 Citation of Books
 Citation of Published Journals
 Citation of Magazines and News Letter
 Citation on Online Journals
 Citation of Other Online Articles
 Citation of Movie, Audio or Video Materials

Appendices:
 Curriculum Vitae/ Resume
 Appended Questionnaires
o Survey Questionnaires
o Interview Questionnaires
o Guide-Questions in Focus-Group Discussion
 Results of Validation
 Full Statistical Data
 Full transcript of interview conversations (summarized)
 Compilation of Correspondence
 Article/By-Laws/Policies (if study is policy assessment etc.)
 A sample of a duly administered questionnaire
 Others as may be prescribed/advised

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 2 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

Title Page
This page contains the title of the thesis, name of proponents and a statement regarding
the qualification for which the thesis is submitted. It also contains the name of the institution, to
which the thesis is being submitted, and the month and year of submission. (See attachment)

Example Title:

An ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF THE TRAIN LAW ON THE MINIMUM

WAGE EARNERS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
CENTRAL OFFICE

The research title should convey as much as possible the in a research as much as possible
the following should be contained therein;

Component Definition Example (From the title)

Subject The general topic the research wants to pursue TRAIN Law
Object The specific area/aspect of the topic such as factors, effects, impact Effect
Etc.
Method Which may include tools or manner to which you want to test/ Assessment
Examine your study
Locale Locality, agency, institution that study will be pursued. DILG Central Office
Respondents The specific group of people who shall serve as data resource/s for Minimum Wage Earners
This particular study.

Preliminaries
The following are the parts of the study, optional and necessary, that must be followed and must
appear in this order. CAVEAT: Page numbers in the preliminaries shall use roman numerals.
Parts:
 Approval Sheet (See Sample template, Appendix A)
 Endorsement Letter (See Sample template, Appendix A.1)
 Dedication
 Acknowledgement
 Table of Contents
 List of Tables
 List of Figures
 List of Abbreviations
 List of Symbols (optional)
 Abstract

Approval Sheet: This page bears the name of the proponent/s and title of the thesis, together
with the signature of the adviser, college dean and members of the oral defense panel. This page
certifies that the thesis has been duly approved, and must bear the date of approval.

Endorsement Letter: An endorsement letter, is a letter by the researcher addressed to his/her

adviser, requesting approval/endorsement for scheduling a defense date, and organizing and

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 3 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

notifying panel members that the researcher’s paper has been duly reviewed and approved for
final presentation.

Dedication: A short narrative usually with a maximum of 500 words, stating the important and
significant people to which the researcher would like to dedicate the study for
Example: In loving memory of my mother,
who bestowed on me, the value of education,
this piece of work is dedicated to you.

-Albert

Acknowledgements: This section recognizes persons and organizations who/which assisted the
proponents in the completion of the thesis. Acknowledgements should be expressed simply and
tactfully. Ideally one to two pages, acknowledging everyone who was instrumental and
contributory on the realization of the study.

Example: The researcher would like to thank his adviser, having significantly contributed to the realization of this
study. Further, he would likewise like to acknowledge the professional assistance rendered to him by the expert-academics
whom he interviewed contributing to a clearer and more sensible data interpretation of the research. For the support and
patience of the researchers dormitory roommates, namely Patrick, Edgar and Alvin, that you very much.

Table of Contents: A sequential listing of all major parts of a thesis with corresponding page
numbers. Included in the table of contents are the titles of chapters, sections and subsections,
references and appendices. Also included are the titles of the preliminary pages as well as the
required forms. (Follow the parts of the template provided, then add specific page number.

Example:

Chapter One: Introduction p. 5

Statement of the Problem p.12
Objectives of the Study p.15

Chapter Two: Review of Related... p.24

Foreign Literatures p.26

List of Tables: A comprehensive listing of titles of all tables found in the body of the thesis with
indication of the corresponding page numbers, and title of the table. Tables should be numbered
in sequence, using Arabic numerals.

Example:
Title Page
1. Table 1.1 Profile of the Respondents p.7
2. Table 2.0 Level of Awareness of Respondents
On the Drug Program of the Brgy. P.46
3. Table 2.1 Comparative Table of Respodents
Awareness Based on Age p.52

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 4 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

List of Figures: List of charts, graphs, maps and other illustrations used in the thesis. Specific
items consisting of 12 or more must be listed separately. For example, if there are more than 12
illustrations, then there must be a separate list of illustrations. List the exact title or caption of
each figure and its corresponding page. Figures should also be numbered in sequence, using
Arabic numerals. The first figure in the third chapter is labeled Figure 3.1.
Example:
Title Page
1. Figure 1 Paradign of the Study p.11
2. Figure 2 Pie Chart of Salary Destribution P.20
3. Table 3 Bar Graph of Salary Compensation p.30
Of rank-in-file employees

List of Abbreviations and Symbols (Optional): All abbreviations used in the thesis are listed
for easy reference of the reader. This section, however, is optional.

Example:

ADB: Asian Development Bank

BFAR: Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
CLSU: Central Luzon State University
ERC: Energy Regulatory Commission

Abstract: Or the Executive Summary of the research study. Can only be accomplished once
Chapter One to Five is complete. Included in the thesis abstract are the statement of the
problem, objective/s of the study, methodology, major findings, significance and conclusions.
The abstract should not be less than 200 words but not to exceed 500 words, and should be typed
single-spaced. Normally the abstract does not include any reference to the literature.

Example:

This thesis entitled; “The Effect of the TRAIN Law in the Purchasing Power of the Minimum Wage Earners of AMA
Computer University Employees,” is a study establishing the effect of the new tax system into the economic lifestyle of the
company. Specifically the following questions were asked... (derived from the SOP). Answer to these questions are as follows…..
(Derive from the conclusion in chapter 5), thus researcher recommends the following… (draw from the recommendations in
chapter 5)

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 5 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

Chapter I: Introduction

Parts

 The Problem and Its Background

o Teaser/ Opening Statement
o Conceptual and Functional Definition
o Backgrounder or the Historical Development of the Phenomenon
o The Phenomenon, Status-quo and the Problem
o The Locale- History, Structure, vis-à-vis the Phenomenon
o Research Interest
 Objectives of the Study
 Statement of the Problem
 Hypothesis (if necessary)
 Theoretical Framework
 Conceptual Framework
 Research Paradigm
 Significance/Importance of the Study
 Scope and Delimitation
 Definition of Terms

The Problem and its Background

Begin the first paragraph of the Introduction with a sentence that introduces your topic. It is
advised that you choose a powerful first paragraph to entice your readers from reading at the
same time, informing your paper what is it about. Further, this chapter serves as a backgrounder
for readers to have an overview of the study even without prior reference to other publications on
the topic. The introduction is the first chapter of the thesis and must include the objective/s and
justification of the study as well as the limitations set by the proponent.
Researcher may write his/her introduction in anyway s/he desires, but may consider the
following suggested general parts.
a. Teaser/ Opening Statement
o May be a quote, a news feed, a narrative of historic occasion or a dramatic event
where the study was inferred to. One to three paragraphs that entices the reader to
be interested with the study.
o Example. (In the Study, Effects of Social Media on the Concept of Bodily
Aesthetics) A Sample introduction using a news feed could read as;

Example:

Magie De Guia, female, 14 years old, a consistent honor student, found dead in her room- hanged,
leaving a note, stating how she hated herself, how she feels ugly and of no value, about being bullied in school
and by friends, laughed, and poked with nefarious words of her physical appearance, as being compared to
local comedian, Pokwang," ended her life, closing her note on this " today, "I met mark, he is my boyfriend, we
met in facebook, we chat all day for eight months now, but have not seen each other personally... so we
decided to meet today... he saw me and was stunned... I immediately knew there was a problem... he jerked,
nodded smilled and said, "puro lang pala edit yung picture mo e... joke ka pala! sige bye ( your photos are all
edited, your a scam! goodbye." The story of Magie, is a resounding manifestation of the new world the
millennials created today, the social media, a "new world" so influential and powerful that young people\s lives

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 6 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

revolve around it. The case of Maggie is a just one among the many cases of suicide caused by the concept of
self-image and self-confidence as influenced by social media.

or you can start by a quote;

"A dawn of a society, where in the internet is king, and everyone is a slave"
- Magie De Guia
Chairperson
Anti-Cyber Crime Div, NBI

Note: This is just examples, not based on any existing research or actual phenomenon.

b. Conceptual and Functional Definition: This part highlight key terminologies usually found in
the title page itself, conceptually and functionally defining the key words in the study;
Remember to define the terms in;
i. Concept: Meaning Dictionary definition, author definition, and highlight the
essence of the word.
ii. Functional Definition: Provide the purpose of the concept definition.

Example: (We are still using the example title earlier on Social Media)

Social Media, refers to the amalgamation of all available internet platforms where community issues take place and talk
about, it is a venue for sharing information, norms, customs, practices and personal struggles where all members are free to
share their thoughts and interact with each other.

According to Valerio (2016) Social media includes but not limited to....

On the other, Social Media is ..................................................... ….. …. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ….......____ ))))))))))))))

_________________________________________ _________________ _______________________________
_____________________________________ as stated by Rappler (2014).

{And then we insert the functional definition)

Nowadays, social media serves as tool for overall communication replacing the SMS and other core functions of the cellular
phone and the landline. Further, it became the primary source of information and news feeds for most people, as news travels
faster directly into the hands of the people. In a study ( Amity, 2013) reveals that 7 out of 10 Filipinos obtains news from
facebook.... etc...

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 7 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

c. Backgrounder or the Historical Development of the Phenomenon: Here you can

include the history, and development of the issue. How did it start? Who were the
pioneers, what was the purpose of its establishment? When did it become more and more
prevalent/popular/used (depending on your topic), why did it draw that attention? Etc.

d. The Phenomenon, Status-quo and the Problem: Discuss what is the current condition of
the phenomenon, highlight the observed problematic such as abuses of people in the use
of the system, negative effects of a particular policy or practice across various human
elements such as physical, mental, etc.

e. The Locale- History, Structure, vis-à-vis the Phenomenon: Insert your locale here,
briefly talk about the history of place where the respondents work/dwell/ go to school to
and relate why the phenomenon is taking over the locale. Establish the level and/or
degree of observed and/or recorded rate of occurrences of the phenomenon.

f. Research Interest: From this, the research shall present himself/herself and state his/her
reasons for choosing the topic and the locality. He/she should be able to provide
compelling reason on why there is a need for such study to be pursued.

Statement of the Problem

A problem statement is the description of an issue currently existing which needs to be
addressed. It provides the context for the research study and generates the questions which the
research aims to answer. The statement of the problem is the focal point of any research.

Example of a Statement of the Problem with Thesis Title:

An Analysis on the Effects on the Use of Instagram on the Concept of Body Aesthetics vis-à-vis Self-Esteem of Students in the
Public High Schools of Arayat Pampanga.

Statement of the Problem

Generally, this study would like to analyze the effects of the use of the social media application- Instagram on the
Concept of Body Aesthetic and its relationship to one’s Self-Esteem having Public High School Students of Arayat Pampanga as
its data resource. Specifically, this study would like to establish answer to the following questions;

1. What is the profile of the respondents with respect to;

a. Age
b. Gender
c. Year Level
2. What is the effect of Instagram as a social media platform/s on the concept of body aesthetics?
a. What is the level of effect of Instagram in terms of their concept of;
i. Image of Face Beauty
ii. Body Satisfaction
3. Which of these effects are most detrimental in affecting the concept of body aesthetics?
a. What factors can be attributed explaining these effects?
4. How does these social media platform affect the respondents concept of self-esteem?
5. Is there a significant relationship between the concept of body aesthetics ascribed from Instagram along with the

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 8 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

profile of the respondents, particularly

a. Age
b. Gender
6. What suggestions may be made to help improve the practice of a healthier usage of social media platforms/sites in
terms of its influence in ones self-esteem and acceptance?

Objectives of the study

Research objectives describe what we expect to achieve by a project. Research objectives
are usually expressed in lay terms and are directed as much to the client as to the researcher.
Research objectives may be linked with a hypothesis or used as a statement of purpose in a study
that does not have a hypothesis. Even if the nature of the research has not been clear to the
layperson from the hypotheses, s/he should be able to understand the research from the
objectives.

Example: (Still using the example title in the SOP Discussion)

This study is anchored at the following objectives;
1. To determine the level of the profile of the respondents, establishing if the profile is significantly related to the effects
on the Use of Instagram on the Concept of Body Aesthetics vis-à-vis respondent’s concept of self-esteem. (Based on
SOP 1 and 5)
2. To determine and understand the level of effects on the use of Instagram on body aesthetics particularly on the
concept of what constitutes an ideal/acceptable (a) Facial Beauty; (b) Body Satisfaction. (Based on SOP 2)
3. To understand which of these effects are most detrimental in affecting the concept of body aesthetics, and to identify
and explain the factors can be attributed to it. (Based on SOP #3)
4. To understand does these concepts on social media platform affect the respondents’ concept of self-esteem? (Based
on SOP#4)
5. To come up with a proposal or guidelines on how to use the social media properly. (Based on SOP#6)

Hypothesis of the Study (Optional):

A hypothesis is an intelligent guess to a problem. In research, a hypothesis is needed if

there are correlation or questions of difference problems. See examples below;
Sample Statement of the Problem Hypothesis
Example for Correlation Affirmative Hypothesis

1. Testing on 0.05 scale using Chi-Square Formula,

1. Is there a significant relationship between the profile there is a significant difference between respodents’
of the respodents alongside mortality rate in Brgy. profile and mortality rate in Brgy. Paligsahan Quezon
Paligsahan Quezon City? City. (This is an example of an affirmative
hypothesis)

Another example is the null hypothesis (commonly used)

which is a hypothesis stated in the negative form.

1. Testing on 0.05 scale using Chi-Square Formula,

there is a NO significant difference between
respodents’ profile and mortality rate in Brgy.
Paligsahan Quezon City. (This is an example of an
affirmative hypothesis)

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 9 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

Example for Test of Difference Affirmative Hypothesis

2. Is there a significant difference between the variable 3. There is a significant difference between variable A
A from variable B? from variable B.

Negative/Null Hypothesis:

1. There is NO significant difference between variable

A from variable B.

Common Question and Answers;

Question 1 : Are all studies with hypothesis?

Answer 1: NO, only if there are questions of either significant relationships or differences.

Question 2: How many hypothesis should be present in my study, if I have questions of significant relationships and
differences?
Answer 2: For every question of either significant difference/relationship, a hypothesis should be created. Hence, if you have
two questions of such, then you should have two hypothesis.

Question 3: What formula should I use in testing significance?

Answer 3: Depending on how many respondents you have, and what type of study, as advised by the statistician. Usually, some
of the most common statistical tools used will be t-test, f-test, chi-square, anova etc.

Significance of the Study:

This section describes or explains the potential value of the study and findings. It should
be clear in here, the target audience for the study and how the results will be beneficial for them.
The arrangement of beneficiaries should be from “to whom is it most beneficial” to the
least.” It shall answer why is it beneficial to them and how (if possible) which means explaining
the specific direct benefit of the study to them. Check on the sample below.

Caveat: Discuss the SIGNIFICANCE OF YOUR STUDY, meaning what GOOD could be
derived from the results of your findings, do not be confused with the significance of your
topic…or subject of the study. Do not discuss the significance or important of your topic, rather
your study.
Sample Significance of the Study

Research Title: Correlation of Performance Evaluation and Performance Bonus Incentives of the Rank-in-File Employees of AMA
Educational Corporation

Significance of the Study:

This study on the correlation of the Performance Evaluation and Performance Bonus among the Rank-in-File employees of AMA
Educational Corporation shall primarily benefit the management of the corporation, particularly the corporate owners and top-
executives as it shall provide them a holistic understanding and view as to the impact of giving such incentives in the work
performance of its employees. Further, thru this the management may adopt, improve and/or re-evaluate their policies in
providing work incentive bonuses to its employees…

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 10 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

Secondly, this study is likewise beneficial to mid-range management staff such as the directors, managers and supervisors for it
shall….

Likewise, this study is beneficial to all rank-in-file employees because….

Moreover the government, such as the Department of Labor and Employment may benefit to such studies because….

Lastly, researchers in the field of performance evaluation, bonuses and/ the like will benefit from this research beacause….

Caveat: Observe the chronological arrangement as to degree/level of benefit.

Answer the questions= To whom it will be beneficial? Why is it beneficial to them?

Scope and Delimitation:

This section sets parameters of the study.

By scope- it is meant to determine the specific/particular focus of general terminologies.

Example: Thesis Title: Prevalence of Prostitution in the Philippines: An Assessment

In this study, Prostitution shall only refer to the condition of minors particularly the situation of child pornography cases
reported and documented by police records. Hence further, under this study, Children shall refer to male or female under the
age of thirteen (13) by the time this study is being administered.

By delimitation- it is meant to determine the actual demographics/region/local to which the

study shall take place.

Example: (Using the thesis above as title)

This study shall be delimited to the cases handled in the Second District of Zambales, particularly delimiting the study
to the seven municipal headquarters of the Philippine National Police. The study is further delimited to the cases filled within the
period of five years from the date of this research, particularly retrieving data from the said offices from June 2012 to May 2017.
A sample population of police personnel and officers which shall be determined in the methodology chapter of this study shall be
surveyed and/or interviewed.

Theoretical Framework:

A theoretical framework consists of thoughts and attempts to explain a phenomenon,

together with their definitions and reference to relevant scholarly literature, existing theory that
is used for your particular study. The theoretical framework must demonstrate an understanding
of theories and concepts that are relevant to the topic of your research aper.
The main purpose of a theoretical framework is to postulate an quantitative approach to
the study, attempting to explain and resolve the phenomenon. The common practice of which is
to identify one theory which can best explain the phenomenon. On the other, researcher may
include and blend two or more theories, to come up with his/her own theory explaining the
phenomenon, this practice is called the “grounded-theory” of research. Wherein a researcher
was able to use a number of theories in an attempt to explain the phenomenon.

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 11 of 13
 Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

Basically the following are input-procedures in conducting/making research;

Theoretical Framework using One Theory Mixed-Theory/ Grounded Theory

Start by briefly discussing what the theory is all about. Start by identifying each theory.

Highlight the basic tenets of the theory. Discuss the arguments Highlight the basic tenet of each theories, an discuss its
of the theory. arguments.

Discuss how the theory can explain the phenomenon. Relate, interconnect the theories to one another using the
topic/subject.

Explain why the theory is best suited in understanding the Brand or name grounded theory, and discuss its main tenets.
phenomenon.

Research Paradigm: is the a summative diagram simplifying your study. It varies

according to type of study, among the popular versions are;

a. Input-Output-Process: which is commonly used in descriptive and survey type of studies

b. Dependent-Independent Variable- commonly used in variable and experimental studies.
c. Triangulation Method- commonly used in mixed type of studies.
Example:
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
To establish the level of use, and level of
influence of social media to the concept of Pre-Survey Questionnaire: To Establish the basic
aesthetics among the respondents, the following assumption that social media is influential among
information shall be obtained. the respondents in their locale.

Survey-Questionnaire: To Establish answers to

1. Result of the Pre-Survey
Questionnaire, establishing the
assumption that social media
platform/site influences behavior and
preferences/choices.
2. Profile of the respondents with respect
to;
a. Age
b. Gender
c. Year Level
3. Level of influence these social media
platform/site has over the
respondent?
a. Influence of Social media
platforms/websites in the
concept of bodily aesthetics;
4. Reasons why these social media
platforms influences the respondents
concept of bodily aesthetics and self-
esteem?
5. Significant relationship between the
influence of social media and the
concept of self-esteem?
SOP Questions 1, 2 and 4.
A HANDBOOK/ GUIDEBOOK
Interview: FOR STUDENTS ON THE
a. Selected students through Focused HEALTHY USE OF SOCIAL
Group Discussion MEDIA TO BE INCLUDED IN
b. A Psychologist/Social Science Expert THE STUDENT HANDBOOK
to explain the result of the OF THE SCHOOL
questionnaires and the FGD from the
Respondents.
Case Study: Using existing literatures, theories
and studies, the data shall be further given
analysis by interjection of related discussions from
authored academic publications.
Analysis of Data:
For Questionnaires- Statistical treatment, in terms
of tables.
For Qualitative Data: Interview, Case Study and
Behavioral Observations of the Researcher.
Figure 1
Paradigm of the Study

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 12 of 13
Undergraduate Thesis Writing:
A Guided Template in Writing a Research for College Student

Conceptual Framework: A conceptual framework on the other hand provides a formal-legal

background on the structure/processes principles and policies circumventing the phenomenon.
Further it aims to discuss/ word-out the paradigm of the study.

Example: This research entitled INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE CONCEPT OF BODILY AESTHETICS: The
Case of Mariano Marcos Memorial High School Students will make use of the Input-Process-Output framework in
approaching the topic.

Wherein, under Box 1( Inbox) the researcher will establish the level of use, and level of influence of social
media to the concept of aesthetics among the respondents, by establishing the following data; (1) Result of the Pre-
Survey Questionnaire, establishing the assumption that social media platform/site influences behavior and
preferences/choices; (2) ….. (please continue)
Box Number 2 (Process) will establish the basic assumption that social media is influential among the
respondents in their locale by using the following methodological tools
Lastly, the Output of this research will be …

Definition of terms (Operational definition)

This section enumerates technical terms that are deem necessary in understanding the
study. Operational terms and its definition is listed and defined in this area of the documents,
alphabetically.

Example: In the Study: An Assessment on the Implementation of the Baranggay Anti-Drug Abuse Council of Brgy. 400 Sampaloc
Manila.

Definition of Terms:

Assessment: In this study, assessment shall refer to the process of understanding the phenomenon using statistical
treatment by the use of close-ended survey questionnaires.

Baranggay Anti-Drug Abuse Council: Under the provision of the Local Government Unit, all Baranggay units are to
assemble an anti-drug zar group in partnership with the local Philippine National Police otherwise known as BADAC.

Implementation: This term in this study means the actual day to day activities the local government unit exercises in
addressing drug related issues.

---- Nothing follows----

(Please proceed to Module 20- Chapter II and III)

Prepared by: FL. Mendoza Ver.1 Series of 2018

Page 13 of 13