A Critical Comparative Study of Is:800-2007And Is:800-1984: July 2013

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A CRITICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IS:800-2007AND IS:800-1984
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INTERNATIONAL
International JOURNAL
Journal of Civil Engineering OF
and CIVIL ENGINEERING
Technology AND
(IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308
(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue
TECHNOLOGY (IJCIET) 4, July-August (2013), © IAEME
ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print)

ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) IJCIET
Volume 4, Issue 4, July-August (2013), pp. 36-54
© IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ijciet.asp
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A CRITICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IS:800-2007ANDIS:800-1984
Dr.T.Muralidhara Rao1, S.S.Phani2

1
Professor, Dept.of Civil Engg., CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad
2
Deputy Executive Engineer, Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam, Hyderabad.
ABSTRACT
Now-a-days, the whole world is changing over to limit state method since it is more rational.
The latest version of the Code of Practice for general construction in steel IS: 800-2007 is based on
Limit State Method of design. The design concept is totally changed in comparison to earlier code IS
800:1984 which is based on Elastic method. In view of this, an effort has been made to high light the
critical comparison between the important clauses of IS:800-2007 and IS:800-1984. At a glance, the
present study will provide the readers a quick and clear idea about the changes in the corresponding
clauses of old(IS:800-1984) and new (IS:800-2007) codes of practice.
Keywords: IS 800:1984, IS 800: 2007, Critical Comparison, Limit state method, Working stress
method.
INTRODUCTION
Codes of practice provide the minimum requirements that a design has to satisfy. In India,
Bureau of Indian Standards (B.I.S.) is the statutory body that publishes the codes of practice to be
followed in the Indian Professional practice. Though the codes of practices issued by B.I.S. are
revised after 20 to 25 years, the second revision of IS 800 was published in 1984. The third revision
of the code was released after about 24 years, in December 2007, by the B.I.S. The material
contained in the code reflects the state-of-the-art of knowledge and is based on the provisions in
other international codes as well as other research publications. This version of the code is based on
the Limit state method of design philosophy whereas the earlier version was based on Working stress
method.
The revised Code IS:800-2007 will enhance the confidence of designers, engineers,
contractors, technical institutions, professional bodies and the industry will open a new era in safe
and economic construction in steel.
36
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), ISSN 0976 – 6308
(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6316(Online) Volume 4, Issue 4, July-August (2013), © IAEME
MAJOR MODIFICATIONS
In the latest revision of IS: 800, the following major modifications have taken place:
a) The standard is based on limit state method, reflecting the latest developments and the state of
the art.
b) In view of the development and production of new varieties of medium and high tensile
structural steels in the country, the scope of the standard has been modified permitting the use of
any variety of structural steel provided the relevant provisions of the standard are satisfied.
c) The standard has made reference to the Indian Standards now available for rivets, bolts and other
fasteners.
Codal Provisions
The code is divided into the following 17 Sections. It also contains seven appendices.
a) Contents
1. General 2. Materials 3. General Design Requirements 4. Methods of Structural Analysis
5. Limit State Design 6. Design of Tension Members 7. Design of Compression Members
8. Design of Members subjected to Bending 9. Member subjected to combined forces
10. Connections 11. Working Stress Design 12. Design and Detailing for Earthquake Loads
13. Fatigue 14. Design Assisted by Testing 15. Durability 16. Fire Resistance 17. Fabrication
and Erection
b) It also includes the following Annexure
A: List of referred Indian Standards B: Analysis and design methods
C: Design against floor vibration D: Determination of effective length of
columns
E: Elastic lateral torsional buckling F: Connections
G: General recommendations for Steelwork Tenders and Contracts
H: Plastic properties of beams
c) General Design Requirement
• The new edition of IS: 800 clearly classify cross sections as to, Plastic, Compact, Semi-
Compact or Slender. Separate design procedures have been laid down for each type of
classification.
• The classification has been made based on each element of the section involved and depends
on the ratio of the major and minor dimension of the element i.e., limiting width to thickness
ratio.
d) Limit States Method of Design
• Separate Partial Safety Factors for different loads and combinations are considered based on
the probability of occurrence of the loads. Similarly different safety factors for materials are
also considered depending on perfection in material characteristics and fabrication/ erection
tolerances.
• Different permissible deflections considering different material of construction have also
been proposed.
e) Tension Members
• Tension members have been designed by considering not only failure of the net cross section
(after taking Shear Lag) but also considering yielding of the gross cross section and rupture
of the section at the joint.
f) Compression Members
• Design of Compression members considers the appropriate buckling curve out of total four
numbers depending on the type of section and the axis of buckling. Earlier version of the
37
Working Stress Method of design considered only one buckling curve for all types of
members irrespective of the nature of buckling.
g) Members Subjected To Bending
• Reduction in Flexure capacity due to high Shear Force has been elaborated in detail.
• New version introduces tension field design of plated steel girders.
h) Members Subjected To Combined Forces
• Moment Gradient across a member / element considered in detail, while designing against
combined action of axial force and bending moment in an element of a structure.
i) Working Stress method of Design
• Working Stress Method (WSM) of Design has been kept in a separate chapter with minor
modifications (compared to the earlier code) and in tune with the specifications of the new
code to ensure smooth transition from WSM to LSM for Practicing engineers and
Academicians whosoever desires.
j) Design Against Fatigue
• Design against fatigue has been introduced for the first time. The state-of-art concept of stress
range has been introduced for the first time in this code, this code automatically supersedes
IS:1024 for steel structures which considered the stress–ratio method.
k) Earthquake Resistance
• Response Reduction factor has been introduced and elaborated in the new edition for the first
time.
• Comparing the provisions of the 1984 version of the code with that of the present code, it is
seen that the present code contains major revisions.
Comparison of Critical Parameters/Clauses of IS:800-2007 and IS: 800-1984

In the newly revised IS: 800, stress is laid to make optimum utilisation of the structural
member along with provision of making adequate checks for restricting local buckling. Comparison
of the critical parameters/clauses of two versions of the code (i.e. IS: 800-2007 and IS: 800-1984) is
as follows:
S.No. Clause IS:800-2007 IS:800-1984 Comments
1.0 Material
1.1 Structural Table-1(Pg.14) Clause: 2.1(Pg.21)
Steels All the structural steels used All structural steels used in No change.
in general construction, general construction
coming under the purview coming under the purview
of this standard shall of this coded shall confirm
conform to IS:2062 before to IS:2062, before
fabrication. fabrication.
Structural steel other than Structural steel other than
that specified in IS 2062 can those specified in
be used provided that the clause:2.1 may also be
permissible stresses and used provided that the
other design provisions are permissible stresses and
suitably modified and the other design provisions are
steel is also suitable for the suitably modified and steel
type of fabrication adopted. is also suitable for the type
of fabrication adopted.
38
1.2 Fasteners / Clause 2.3,Pg.12-15 Clause:2.2,2.5,2.6,Pg.21-

Rivets/ 22 ---
Bolts/Nuts Rivets made from steel shall Rivets shall conform to
conform to IS:7557 or 2062 IS:1929-1961 and
as appropriate. High IS:2155-1962 as
Tension Steel rivets shall appropriate. High tension
conform to IS:1149. steel rivets, if used, shall
me manufactured from
steel conforming to
Bolts, Nuts and Washers IS:1149.
shall conform to the Bolts, Nuts shall conform
recommendations of IS: to IS:1363-1967, IS:1364-
4000. 1967, IS:1367-1967,
IS:3640-1967, IS:3757-
1972, IS:6623-1972 and
IS:6639-1972 as
appropriate. Washers shall
conform to IS:5369-1975,
IS:5370-1969, IS:5372-
1975, IS:5374-1975,
IS:6610-1972 and
IS:6649-1972 as
appropriate.
2.0 General Design Requirements

2.1 Load Clause:3.5(Pg.16) Clause:3.4.2(Pg.24)
Combination 1) DL + IL 1) DL + IL Importance
2) DL+ IL + WL or EL 2) DL+IL+WL or EL is also given
3) DL + WL or EL 3) DL + WL or EL to the
4) DL + ERL erection
DL-Dead Load DL-Dead Load loading in
IL-Imposed Load IL-Imposed Load deciding
WL-Wind Load WL-Wind Load critical load
EL-Earthquake Load EL-Earthquake Load combination.
ERL-Erection Load
2.2 Section Clause:3.7(Pg.17)

Classification Sections are classified based No such classification has The Class of
on its local buckling been made. section
strength and the ability to governs its
allow rotation before failing. design.
They are
a) Class 1 (Plastic)
b) Class 2 (Compact)
c) Class 3(Semi-compact)
d) Class 4 (Slender)
39
2.3 Increase of Clause:5.3.3(Pg.29) Clause:3.9(Pg.31)

Stresses Partial safety factors have to If Wind / Earthquake Partial safety
be considered and no Loads are considered, factors are
increase or decrease of permissible stresses in considered
stresses have to be structural steel and steel for loads
considered for individual castings shall be increased instead of
loads. by 33.33%. increasing the
If Wind / Earthquake permissible
Loads are considered, stresses.
permissible stresses in
rivets, bolts and nuts shall
be increased by25%.
Clause:5.5.1(Pg.30) Clause:3.12(Pg.34)
2.4 Stability Structure should satisfy two Restoring moment>1.2 Importance
limit states xmax. Overturning is given to
1. Limit state of strength moment(due to DL) + 1.4 serviceability
2. Limit state of times max. Overturning requirements
serviceability moment (due to IL and in deciding
The structure should adhere WL/EL) structures
toa) Stability against stability in
Overturning. In cases where DL addition to
The loads and effects provides the restoring the strength
Contributing to the moment, only 0.9 times requirement.
resistance shall be DL shall be considered.
multiplied with 0.9 and
added together to get
design resistance
(after multiplying with
appropriate partial safety
factor).
b) Sway Stability.
2.5 Limiting Clause:5.6.1(Pg.31) Clause:3.13(Pg.34)
Deflection Deflection limits have been Max. Deflection for all Importance
provided separately for applicable loads (Vertical is given to
Industrial buildings and / Horizontal ) = l / 325 of serviceability
other buildings and separate the span. requirements
limits have been mentioned for various
for different members. members in
a structure.
3.0 Tension Members
3.1 Axial Clause:6.1(Pg.32-34) Clause:4.1(Pg.37)
Stresses Design strength of a tension Stress on the net effective Additional
member should be least of area not to exceed provision
*Strength due to yielding σ at = 0.6 f y (MPa). for block
of gross c/s shear has
*Strength due to rupture of been
critical c/s incorporated.
*Strength due to block
shear
40
3.2 Maximum Clause:3.8(Pg.20) Clause:3.7,Table No change.

Slenderness *Tension member(other 3.1(Pg.30)
Ratio than pre-tensioned) = 400 *Tension member (other
*Tension Member =180 than pre-tensioned)= 400
(reversal of stress due to *Tension Member = 180
loads other than WL or EL) (reversal of stress due to
*Tension member = 350 loads other than WL or
(reversal of stress due to EL)
WL or EL) *Tension member =
350(reversal of stress due
to WL or EL)
3.3 Design Clause:6.2,6.3&6.4(Pg.32- Clause:4.2(Pg.37) Partial safety
strength and 34) Design strength P = σ at Anet factors have
net effective Design strength shall be Single angle connected introduced.
area minimum of Tdg , Tdn , Tdb . through one leg:
Where, Anet = A1 + A2 k , where,
Tdg =Strength in axial 3 A1
k=
tension governed by 3 A1 + A2
yielding of gross section Pair of angles(single tee)
= Ag f y γ m 0 back-to-back connected by
Tdn =Strength of plate in one leg of each angle to
axial tension governed by the same side of a gusset:
rupture of net cross Anet = A1 + A2 k , where,
sectional area at holes 5 A1
k=
= 0.9 An f u γ ml 5 A1 + A2
Tdn =Rupture strength of an
angle connected through Double angles or tees
one leg governed by rupture back-to-back connected to
at net section each side of a gusset :
= 0.9 Anc f u γ ml + β Ago f y γ m 0 If the angles are connected
by tacking rivets along
their length at a pitch not
Tdb = strength of connection
exceeding 1.0m, then the
governed by block shear at effective area shall be
an end connection of plates taken equal to the gross
and angles= area minus the deduction
[ Avg f y ( 3 γ m0 ) + 0.9Atn fu γ ml ] for holes.
(OR) Double angles or tees
back-to-back connected to
Tdb =[0.9Avn fu ( 3γml ) + Atg fy γm0]
each side of a gusset :
If the angles are not tack
Where, riveted using a pitch not
f y = yield stress of material exceeding 1.0m, then each
Ag =gross area of cross angle shall be designed as
a single angle connected
Section
through one leg and
γ m0 =partial safety factor for effective sectional area
41
failure in tension by shall be calculated using

yielding=1.10 Anet = A1 + A2 k , where,
γ ml =partial safety factor for 3 A1
failure at ultimate k=
3 A1 + A2
stress=1.25
f u = ultimate stress of the
material Where A1 =Effective cross
Anc = net area of the sectional area of connected
connected leg leg (or flange of tee)
Ago = gross area of the A2 = Gross area of
outstanding leg outstanding leg (or web of
β =1.4−0.076(wt)(ft fu)(bs Lc) ≤(fuγm0 fyγml ) the tee)
≥ 0.7
Where,
w = outstand leg width
bs = shear leg width
Lc = length of the end
connection(i.e., distance
between outermost bolts in
the end joint measured
along the load direction or
length of the weld along the
load direction)
Avg , Avn = minimum gross
and net area in shear along
bolt line parallel to external
force respectively
Atg , Atn = minimum gross
and net area in tension from
the bolt hole to the toe of
the angle, end bolt line,
perpendicular to the line of
force respectively.
4.0 Compression Members
4.1 Design Clause:7.1.2 (Pg.34) Clause:5.1.1, IS:800-2007 Partial safety
strength Design compressive Design strength, factors and
strength, Pd = Ac f cd Pd = Agσ ac ≤ 0.6 f y nor imperfection
factors (based
Where, Ac = effective the permissible stress σ ac
on buckling
sectional area (i.e., gross Where, Ag = gross class) have
sectional area-deduction for sectional been
rivets/bolts holes area) Area introduced
f cd =design compressive f cc f y for design
Stress = σ ac = 0.6 n compressive
[( f cc ) + ( f y ) ]1/ n
n
f y γ m0 stress.
f cd = = χ fy γ m ≤ fy γm
φ + [φ 2 − λ 2 ]0.5
42
Where,
Where, σ ac =permissible stress in
φ = 0.5[1 + α (λ − 0.2) + λ 2 ] axial compression(MPa)
λ = non-dimensional f y =yield stress of steel
effective (MPa)
slenderness ratio f cc =elastic critical stress
2
= f y f cc = f y ( KL r ) π 2 E
π 2E
f cc = Euler buckling stress in compression =
λ2
= π 2 E ( KL r )
2
E =modulus of elasticity
of
Where,
steel ( 2 × 105 MPa )
KL r =effective slenderness
λ = ( l r ) =slenderness
ratio or ratio of effective
length, KL to appropriate ratio
radius of gyration, r of the member
α =imperfection factor n =a factor assumed as 1.4
=0.21 for buckling class
‘a’
‘b’
‘c’
‘d’
χ =stress reduction factor
(Table 8, IS:800-2007) for
different buckling class,
slenderness ratio and yield
stress
0.5
= 1 [φ + (φ 2 − λ 2 ) ]
4.2 Axial Clause:7.1.2.1(Pg.34) Clause:5.1(Pg.38)
stresses Allowable axial stress or Direct stress in Concept of
design compressive stress compression shall not imperfection
(fcd) shall be calculated exceed 0.6fy or as factor and
using the formulas given in calculated by equation buckling
the clause or can be given in Cl. 5.1.1. class of the
calculated using Tables Permissible stress σ ac shall section has
9(a),9(b),9(c),9(d) on the be taken from Table- been
basis of buckling class of 5.1(Pg.39) for introduced.
the section. corresponding slenderness
ratio.
4.3 Effective Clause:7.2(Pg.35-45) Clause:5.2(Pg.38)
Length (l), ‘K’ values shall be taken ‘K’ values shall be taken ‘K’ values
l = KL appropriately based on appropriately based on given in both
degree of end restraint of degree of end restraint of the codes are
member as given in Table- member as given in Table- same.
11(Pg.45). 5.2 (Pg.41&42) or follow
43
the procedure given in

Appendix-C.
Trusses and braced frames Trusses and braced frames
buckling in the plane of buckling in the plane of
truss, effective length ‘1’ truss, ‘l’ shall be taken as
shall be taken as between between 0.7 and 1.0 times
0.7 and 1.0 times the the distance between the
distance between the centres centres of intersections,
of intersections, depending on degree of
depending on degree of end end restraint.
restraint.
For members buckling in For members buckling in
the plane perpendicular to the plane perpendicular to
truss, ‘1’ shall be taken as truss, ‘l’ shall be taken as
distance between centres of distance between points of
intersection. restraint.
4.4 Maximum Table 3,Clause:3.8(Pg.20) Clause:3.7(Pg.30)

Slenderness Compression member=180 Compression member=180 No change.
Ratio (subjected to DL and IL) (subjected to DL and IL)
Compression member=250 Compression member=250
(subjected to WL and EL) (subjected to WL and EL)
4.5 Built up Clause:7.6(Pg.48-50) Clause:5.7.2(Pg.47)

Members Lacing of compression Lacing of compression No change
with Lacing member shall be designed member shall be designed in the load
for a transverse shear equal for a transverse shear calculations
to at least 2.5 % of the axial equal to at least 2.5 % of and basic
force in the member. the axial force in the design
member. requirements.
Slenderness ratio of the Slenderness ratio of the
lacing bars shall not lacing bars shall not
exceed 145. exceed 145.
Angle of inclination with Angle of inclination with
the axis of 400 to 700 to the the axis of member 400 to
axis of built up section 700.(for both single &
member(for both single& double lacing)
double lacing). Max. spacing of lacing
Max. spacing of lacing shall shall be such that min.
be such that min. slenderness ratio (l/r) of
slenderness ratio (l/r)of the the components of the
components of the member member between
between consecutive consecutive connection is
connection is not greater not greater than 50 or 0.7
than 50 or 0.7 times the times the most
most unfavourable (l/r) of unfavourable (l/r) of the
the member as a whole, member as a whole,
whichever is less. whichever is less.
44
4.6 Built up Clause:7.7(Pg.50-52) Clause:5.8(Pg.51)

Members Battens shall be designed to Battens shall be designed No changes
with Battens carry the bending moment to carry the bending have been
/Tie plates &shears arising from moment & shears arising made in the
transverse shear force ‘V’ of from transverse shear force load
2.5 % of the total axial force ‘V’ of 2.5 % of the total calculation
on the whole comp. axial force on the whole and basic
member, at any point in the comp. member, at any design
length of the member, point in the length of the requirements.
divided equally between member, divided equally
parallel planes of battens. between parallel planes of
Spacing of battens centre to battens
centre of end fastenings Spacing of battens centre
shall be such that the to centre of end fastenings
slenderness ratio (l/r)of the shall be such that the
lesser main component over slenderness ratio(l/r) of the
that distance shall be not lesser main component
greater than 50 or greater over that distance shall be
than 0.7 time the not greater than 50 or
slenderness ratio of the greater than 0.7 time the
member as a whole, about slenderness ratio of the
its x-xaxis. (axis parallel to member as a whole, about
the battens) its x-x axis. (axis parallel
to the battens)
4.7 Column Base Clause:7.4(Pg.47) Clause:5.4(Pg.44) The concept
Plate Minimum thickness of slab Minimum thickness of of effective
base under axial slab base shall be area for load
compression shall be t = 3.0w(a 2 − 0.25b2 ) σ bs transfer has
t s = 2.5w( a 2 − 0.3b 2 )γ m 0 f y > t f been
Where, introduced.
Where, w =pressure or loading on
w =uniform pressure from the underside of the
below on the slab base base(MPa)
under a , b = larger and smaller
the factored load axial
projection, respectively of
compression(MPa)
the slab base beyond the
a , b = larger and smaller
rectangle circumscribing
projection, respectively of the column(mm)
the slab base beyond the t = slab thickness (mm)
rectangle circumscribing the
σ bs =permissible bending
column(mm)
t f = flange thickness of stress in slab base(for all
steels assumed as
compression member (mm) 185MPa)
f y = yield strength of steel.
γ m 0 = partial safety factor
against yield stress and
buckling.
45
5.0 Members subjected to bending

5.1 Bending Clause:8(Pg.52-59) Clause:6.2(Pg.55) ---
Stress Laterally Supported Max. permissible stress,
Beams: Design strength in σ bt orσ bc = 0.66fy (For
bending shall be calculated strong &weak axis
as per the formulas given on bending)
the basis whether the section
is susceptible to shear Max. permissible stress
buckling before yielding. σ bt orσ bc forI-beams&
Laterally Unsupported
Beams: Design strength in Channels (based on
bending shall be calculated section properties andl/ry )
as per the formulas given shall be referred from
and resistance to lateral Table-6.1A to 6.1F(Pg.-
torsional buckling should 57-62) as appropriate.
not be checked for For beams & plate girders,
a) bending is about minor max. permissible σ bc shall
axis be computed as per
b) Section is hollow or a equation given in Cl.
solid bar 6.2.3(Pg.56) or Table-
c) In case of major axis 6.2(Pg.64) may be referred
bending, the non for σ bc calculated from
dimensional fcbfor different values of
slenderness ratio is fy.(All stresses in MPa)
less than 0.4.
5.2 Bearing Clause:8.7.4(Pg.67) Clause:6.3(Pg.68) The partial
Stress Should be less than the yield Max. permissible bearing safety factors
stress of the steel divided by stress on net area of are based on
Partial safety factor i.efy/1.1 contact, σ p = 0.75 ƒy the values
given in Euro
code.
5.3 Shear Clause:8.4(Pg.59-60) Clause:6.4(Pg.68) ---
stresses Nominal plastic shear Max. permissible Shear
resistance under pure shear stress, τ vm = 0.45 ƒy
should be calculated using
the formulas Vn = V p , and Average shear stress in
Av f yw member calculated on the
Vp = based on the cross section of the web
3 shall not exceed the limits
shear are as specified for as mentioned in Cl.
various sections. No.6.4.2 (Pg.69). Also
Resistance to shear buckling refer Table-6.6A, B, C
can be verified based on the (Pg.73-75) for stiffened
value of ratio of depth to webs.
web thickness. Two
methods have been
specified for calculation
of nominal shear strength.
They are
46
* Simple Post Critical

Method (can be used
for beams with or
without intermediate
transverse Stiffeners
*Tension Field Method
(can be used for beams
with intermediate
transverse stiffeners)
5.4 Effective Clause:8.6.1.2(Pg.64) Clause:6.6(Pg76)&Clause: ---
length of No specific criteria are 3.7(Pg.30)
compression mentioned. To calculate permissible
flanges & But in order to avoid bending stress as
max. buckling of the compression explained above in 5.1,
slenderness flange in to the web, the appropriate effective
ratio web thickness shall satisfy length shall be considered
the criteria’s specified. referring this clause.
*Max. Slenderness ratio
for Compression flange of
beam =300 Cl.3.7, Pg.3.1
*For Cantilever beams of
projecting length ‘L’,
referCl. No. 6.6.3, Pg.77.
6.0 Combined stresses
6.1 Axial Clause:9.3.1&9.3.2.2 Clause:7.1.1(Pg.90) Separate
Compression (Pg70-71) governing
& Bending Members subjected to σac,cal    σ  equations
+[( C .σ ) σ 1− ac,cal ]
combined axial compression  σac  mx bcx,cal bcx   0.6 fccx  are specified
and biaxial bending should   σ  for different
satisfy the relationship: +[( Cmy .σbcy,cal ) σbcy 1− ac,cal ] types of
 
  0.6 fccy  sections.
( P P ) + K (C
dy y my My Mdy ) + KLT ( Mz Mdz ) ≤1.0
≤ 1.0
( P Pdz ) +0.6Ky (CmyMy Mdy ) +Kz ( Cmz Mz Mdz ) ≤1.0 σ 
If  ac,cal  〈 0.15 , the
Where,  σ ac 
C my , Cmz =equivalent following equation shall
uniform moment factor as be satisfied in lieu of the
per Table 18 above.
P =applied axial
compression under factored  σ ac,cal   σ bcx ,cal   σ bcy ,cal 
 +  +   ≤ 1.0
load.  σ ac   σ bcx   σ bcy 
M y , M z =maximum σ ac ,cal = calculated average
factored applied bending axial compressive stress.
moments about y and z axis σ bc ,cal = calculated bending
of the member. compressive stress in
Pdy , Pdz =design strength extreme fibre.
under axial compression σ ac = permissible axial
47
governed by buckling about compressive stress in

minor( y ) and major ( z ) member subject to axial
axis compressive load.
M dy , M dz =design bending σ bc = permissible bending
strength about y (minor) or compressive stress in
extreme fibre.
z (major) axis considering
laterally unsupported length f cc = elastic critical stress
of the cross section. π 2E
in compression =
K y = 1 + ( λ y − 0.2 ) n y ≤ 1 + 0.8n y λ2
K z = 1 + ( λz − 0.2 ) nz ≤ 1 + 0.8nz x, y =represent x-x and y-y
Where, planes.
n y , nz =ratio of the actual Cm = 0.85 when side sway
applied axial force to the prevented.
design axial strength for Cm = 0.6 − 0.4 β ≥ 0.4
buckling about y and z when side sway is
axis. prevented and not
CmLT =equivalent uniform subjected to transverse
loading between their
moment factor for lateral
supports in the plane of
torsional buckling as per
bending.
Table 18 corresponding to
the actual moment gradient
between lateral supports
against torsional
deformation in the critical
region under consideration.
6.2 Axial Clause:9.3.1 & Clause:7.1.2(Pg.90) Separate
Tension 9.3.2.1(Pg.70-71) Member should satisfy the governing
& Bending The reduced effective following condition. equations
moment, M eff , under  σat,cal   σbtx,cal   σbty,cal  are specified
  +   +   ≤1.0 for different
tension and bending should  0.6 f y   0.66 f y   0.66 f y 
not exceed the bending types of
strength due to lateral sections.
Where,
torsional buckling, M d . σ at ,cal =calculated average
M eff = [ M − (ψ TZ ec A )] ≤ M d axial tensile stress
Where, σ bt ,cal =calculated bending
M , T = factored applied tensile stress in extreme
moment and tension fibre
A=area of cross section x, y =represent x-x and y-y
Z ec = elastic section planes
modulus of the section w.r.t.
extreme compression fibre
ψ =0.8, if T and M can vary
independently or
otherwise=1.0
48
6.3 Bending & Clause:9(Pg.69-70) Clause:7.1.4(Pg.91) The moment

Shear Moment carrying capacity Equivalent stress reduction is
of the section shall be calculated by the equation dictated by
reduced by the amount as given in this clause shall the
specified in the code (for not exceed the value, percentage
high shear force). σ e = 0.9 f y . of shear
No reduction is required for force w.r.t.
Shear force value < 60% of allowable
allowable shear capacity of shear force
the section. in the section.
6.4 Bearing, No specific criteria are Clause:7.1.5(Pg.92) ---
Bending & mentioned. Equivalent stress
Shear calculated using the
equation
σe,cal = σbt2,cal +σp2,cal +σbt,calσp,cal +3τvmcal
2
,
(OR)
2
σe,cal = σ bc,cal +σp2,cal +σbc,calσp,cal +3τvmcal
2
,
shall not exceed the value,

σ e = 0.9 f y .
7.0 Connections
7.1 Bolted
7.1.1 Permissible Clause:10(Pg.73-77) Clause:8.9.4(Pg.95), ---
Stresses for No specific value is Table 8.1
bolts prescribed. Procedure given a) Axial tension 120 MPa
for calculation of b) Shear 80 MPa
permissible loads (Axial c ) Bearing 250 MPa
Tension, Shear &Bearing).
7.1.2 Combined Clause:10.4.6(Pg.77) Clause:8.9.4.5(Pg.96) ---
shear and No specific value is Individual stresses should
tension in provided. Procedure given not exceed allowable
bolts for calculation of values and combined
permissible loads. stress ratio should not
exceed 1.40.
7.1.3 Minimum Clause:10.2.2(Pg.73) Clause:8.10.1(Pg.96) No change
pitch Shall not be less than 2.5 Shall not be less than 2.5 has been
times the nominal diameter times the nominal made.
of the fastener (Bolt/Rivet) diameter of the bolt.
7.1.4 Minimum Clause:10.2.4.2(Pg.74) Clause:8.10.2(Pg.97) Not much
edge distance Should be >1.7 times hole Table 8.2 variation is
dia. for sheared or hand- Distance from the centre observed in
flame cut edges, &>1.5 of any hole to the edge of the end
times hole dia. for rolled, a plate shall not be less results.
machine-flame cut, sawn than that specified in Table
and planed edges, from 8.2.
the centre of the hole. When two or more parts
are connected together, a
line of bolts shall be
provided at a distance of
49
not more than 37 mm+4t

from the nearest edge,
where t is the thickness of
thinner outside plate in
mm.
In case of work not
exposed to weather, this
may be increased to 12t.
7.1.5 Maximum Clause:10.2.3(Pg.74) Clause:8.10.1(Pg.96) No change
pitch Shall not exceed 32t or Shall not exceed 32t or has been
300mm whichever is less, 300mm whichever is less, made.
where t is the thickness of where t is the thickness of
the thinner outside plate. the thinner outside plate.
7.1.6 Maximum Clause:10.2.4.3(Pg.74) No specific criteria are ---
edge distance Shall not exceed 12tε , mentioned.
where t is the thickness of
the thinne router plate, and ε
= (250/fy)1/2
7.1.7 Clearance for Clause:10.2.1(Pg.73) Clause:3.6.1.1(Pg.28) More
fastener As given in Table 19 1.5 mm in excess of the practical
Holes nominal diameter of the aspect for
bolt irrespective of the clearance
diameter of the bolt, unless has been
otherwise specified. considered.
7.2 Welded
7.2.1 Fillet welds
7.2.1.1 Permissible Clause:10.5(Pg.78) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800- ---
stresses Shear stress shall not exceed 1984Clause:7.1.2 IS:816-
110MPa nor as calculated 1969(Pg.17)
using clause 10.5.7(Pg.79- Shear stress shall not
81) exceed 110 MPa.
7.2.1.2 Effective Clause:10.5.3(Pg.78) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800- No Changes
throat Shall not be < 3mm and not 1984Clause:6.2.3, have been
thickness > 0.7t, where t is the IS:816(Pg.10) suggested
thickness of the thinner Shall not be < 3 mm and
plate. For stresses not > 0.7t, where t is the
calculation in fillet welds thickness of the thinner
joining faces inclined to plate. For stresses
each other, effective throat calculation, the effective
thickness shall be taken as throat thickness shall be
K times the fillet size, where taken as K times the
K is a constant. filletsize, where K is a
constant.
7.2.1.3 Effective Clause:10.5.4(Pg.78) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800- ---
length Shall be the overall length 1984,Clause:6.2.4,IS:816(
of weld excluding end Pg.11)
returns in case of Fillet Shall be the overall length
welds and shall be the of the weld plus twice the
50
overall length of weld weld size.

including end returns for
Butt welds.
7.2.1.4 Effective Clause:6.2.3(Pg.10) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800- ---
area Effective length times 1984, Clause:6.2.3,
of weld Effective throat thickness IS:816(Pg.10)
Effective length times
effective throat thickness
7.2.1.5 Minimum Clause:10.5.4(Pg.78) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800- No Changes
length of 1984Clause:6.2.4.1,IS:816 have been
weld Shall not be less than four (Pg11) suggested.
times the size of the weld. Shall not be less than four
times the size of the weld.
7.2.1.6 Minimum Clause:10.5.2(Pg.78) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800- No Changes
size of the 1984, have been
weld Clause:6.2.2,IS:816(Pg.10) suggested
Shall not be less than 3 mm. Shall not be less than 3
mm nor more than the
thickness of the thinner
The minimum size of the part joined.
first run or the single run The minimum size of the
weld shall be as given in first run or the single run
Table 21(Pg 78). weld shall be as given in
Table 1 in IS:816 to avoid
risk of cracking in the
absence of preheating.
7.2.2 Butt Welds
7.2.2.1 Permissible Clause:10.5.7(Pg.79) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800- ---
stresses. Stresses in weld shall not 1984, Clause:7.1.1,
exceed those permitted in IS:816(Pg.16)
the parent metal. Stresses in weld shall not
exceed those permitted in
the parent metal.
7.2.2.2 Minimum Clause:10.5.2.4(Pg.78) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800-
size of weld Size of butt weld shall be 1984, Clause:6.1.3,
specified by the effective IS:816(Pg.5)
throat thickness. Size of butt weld shall be
specified by the effective
throat thickness.
7.2.2.2 Effective Clause:10.5.4(Pg.78-79) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800- ---
area of weld Effective length times the 1984,
effective throat thickness Clause:6.1.6,IS:816(Pg.7)
Effective length times the
effective throat thickness
7.2.2.3 Effective Clause:10.5.3.3,(Pg.78) Clause:8.9.4.7, IS:800-
throat 1984
thickness For complete penetration, Clause:6.1.4,IS:816(Pg.6)
effective throat thickness For complete penetration,
51
shall be taken as thickness effective throat thickness

of thinner part joined. shall be taken as the
thickness of thinner part
For an incomplete joined.
penetration, effective throat For incomplete
thickness shall be taken as penetration, effective
the minimum thickness of throat thickness shall be
the weld metal common to taken as the thickness of
the parts joined, excluding the weld metal common to
reinforcement. the parts joined, excluding
reinforcement.
8.0 Gantry Girder
8.1 Increase in No specific criteria are Clause:3.9.3(Pg.31) Stresses are
stresses given. While considering to be
simultaneous effects of calculated
vertical & horizontal surge using
loads of cranes for the adequate
combination given in Cl. Partial Safety
3.4.2.3 & 3.4.2.4, the factors.
permissible stresses may
be increased by10 %.
8.2 Limiting Clause:5.6.1(Pg.31) Clause:3.13.1.3(Pg.35) ---
deflection Table 6 should be referred. Vertical deflection:
Under DL and IL shall not
exceed the following:
i. L/500, where manually
operated cranes are
operated and for similar
loads
ii. L/750, where electric
overhead travelling cranes
operated up to 50 tonnes
iii. L/1000, where electric
overhead travelling cranes
operated over 50 tonnes
iv. L/600, other moving
loads such as charging cars
etc.
L=span of the crane
runway girder.
Horizontal deflection:
At the caps of columns in
single storey buildings, the
horizontal deflection due
to lateral forces should not
exceed l / 325 of the actual
length ‘ l ’ of the column.
52
9.0 Design and Detailing for Earthquake Loads

9.1 Load Clause:12.2 (Pg.87) No such criteria are given. ---
Combination Two more combinations
have to be considered
1) 1.2 DL + 0.5 LL ± 2.5
EL
2) 0.9 DL ± 2.5 EL
9.2 Lateral Load The Building has been No such classification has ---
Resisting classified as been made
System 1) Braced Frame System
a) Ordinary concentrically
Braced Frames (OCBF)
b) Special Concentrically
Braced Frame(SCBF)
c) Eccentrically Braced
Frame (EBF)
2) Moment Frame System
a) Ordinary Moment
Frame (OMF)
b) Special Moment
3) Frame (SMF)
Various criteria for loads on
members are specified for
different lateral load
resisting systems.
10.0 Fatigue
10.1 Reference Clause:13.2.1(Pg.91) No such criteria are ---
design Conditions when fatigue mentioned.
Condition design becomes necessary
are mentioned along with a
plot of standard S-N curve
for each category.
A capacity reduction factor
µr is to be applied when
plates greater than 25 mm
tk. Are joined by transverse
fillet orbutt welding.
10.2 Partial Safety Clause:13.2.3(Pg.92) No such criteria are ---
Factors Based on consequences of Mentioned.
fatigue failure, component
details have been classified
and Partial Safety Factors
are given for each
type.(Refer Table 25, Pg.
92)
10.3 Detail Clause:13.3(Pg.92-98) No such criteria are ---
Category Tables 26 (a) to (d) indicate mentioned.
the classification of
53
different details into various

categories for the purpose of
assessing fatigue strength.
11.0 Fire Resistance
11.1 Clause:13( Pg.105-110) No such criteria are ---
Following points have been mentioned.
discussed and relevant
design standards have been
mentioned Fire Resistance
Level Period of Structural
adequacy
*Variation of mechanical
properties of Steel with
Temperature
*Limiting Steel
Temperature
*Thermal Increase with
Time in Protected members
*Temperature increase with
Time in unprotected
Members
*Determination of period of
Structural adequacy from a
single test
*Three-Sided Fire exposure
condition.
CONCLUSION
An explicit comparison of important clauses of IS:800-2007 and IS:800-1984 presented in

this paper gives a quick insight to the readers about the changes made in corresponding clauses of the
old and latest codes of practice.
REFERENCES
1. IS 800:2007, Indian Standard Code of Practice for General Construction in Steel, Bureau of
Indian Standards, New Delhi.
2. IS 800:1984, Indian Standard Code of Practice for General Construction in Steel, Bureau of
Indian Standards, New Delhi.
3. Dr.Subramanian.N, (2008), “Code of Practice on Steel Structures - A Review of IS 800: 2007”,
Civil Engineering & Construction Review.
4. Dr.Subramanian.N, (2009),“Design of Steel Structures”, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
5. Vidula S. Sohoni and Dr.M.R.Shiyekar, “Concrete–Steel Composite Beams of a Framed
Structure for Enhancement in Earthquake Resistance”, International Journal of Civil
Engineering & Technology (IJCIET), Volume 3, Issue 1, 2012, pp. 99 - 110, ISSN Print:
0976 – 6308, ISSN Online: 0976 – 6316.
54
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A CRITICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IS:800-2007AND IS:800-1984

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ISSN 0976 – 6308 (Print)

A CRITICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IS:800-2007ANDIS:800-1984

Dr.T.Muralidhara Rao1, S.S.Phani2

Comparison of Critical Parameters/Clauses of IS:800-2007 and IS: 800-1984

S.No. Clause IS:800-2007 IS:800-1984 Comments

1.2 Fasteners / Clause 2.3,Pg.12-15 Clause:2.2,2.5,2.6,Pg.21-

2.0 General Design Requirements

2.2 Section Clause:3.7(Pg.17)

2.3 Increase of Clause:5.3.3(Pg.29) Clause:3.9(Pg.31)

3.2 Maximum Clause:3.8(Pg.20) Clause:3.7,Table No change.

failure in tension by shall be calculated using

the procedure given in

4.4 Maximum Table 3,Clause:3.8(Pg.20) Clause:3.7(Pg.30)

4.5 Built up Clause:7.6(Pg.48-50) Clause:5.7.2(Pg.47)

4.6 Built up Clause:7.7(Pg.50-52) Clause:5.8(Pg.51)

5.0 Members subjected to bending

* Simple Post Critical

governed by buckling about compressive stress in

6.3 Bending & Clause:9(Pg.69-70) Clause:7.1.4(Pg.91) The moment

shall not exceed the value,

not more than 37 mm+4t

overall length of weld weld size.

shall be taken as thickness effective throat thickness

9.0 Design and Detailing for Earthquake Loads

different details into various

An explicit comparison of important clauses of IS:800-2007 and IS:800-1984 presented in

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