Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Apparatus required
𝑢∞
y δ∗
Working Principle
Air flowing past a solid surface will stick to that surface. This phenomenon caused by viscosity is a description
of the no-slip condition. This condition states that the velocity of the fluid at the solid surface equals the
velocity of that surface. The result of this condition is that a boundary layer is formed in which the relative
velocity varies from zero at the wall to the value of the relative velocity at some distance from the wall. The
velocity profile can be measured in the thin boundary layer of a flat plate at zero angle of attack. From the
measured values, displacement thickness and momentum thickness can also be calculated.
Theory
ℎ ℎ
Mass flow defect = 𝜌𝑢𝑒 0
𝑑𝑦 − 𝜌 0
𝑢𝑑𝑦
ℎ
=𝜌 0
𝑢𝑒 − 𝑢 𝑑𝑦
∞
𝑢
𝜌𝑢𝑒 𝛿 ∗ = 𝜌𝑢𝑒 1− 𝑑𝑦
𝑢𝑒
0
∞
𝑢
𝛿∗ = 1− 𝑑𝑦
𝑢𝑒
0
1
Also𝑃0 𝑦 = 𝑃 + 𝜌𝑢2
2
1
𝑃0 𝑦 = ∞ − 𝑃 = 𝜌𝑢 2
2 𝑒
𝑢 𝑃0 𝑦 − 𝑃
=
𝑢𝑒 𝑃0 ∞ − 𝑃
𝑃0 𝑦 ≠ Constant
ℎ 𝑢 𝑢 𝑢 𝑢
=2 1−𝑢 + 1−𝑢 +2 1−𝑢 …..+ 1 − 𝑢
𝑒 𝑢1 𝑒 𝑢𝑛 𝑒 𝑢2 𝑒 𝑢 𝑛 −1
For momentum thickness,
∞
𝑢 𝑢
𝜃= 1− 𝑑𝑦
𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑒
0
ℎ 𝑢 𝑢 𝑢 𝑢
= 1− + 1−
2 𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑒 𝑢1
𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑛
𝑢 𝑢 𝑢 𝑢 𝑢 𝑢
+2 1− + 1− + ⋯….. 1−
𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑒 𝑢2
𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑒 𝑢3
𝑢𝑒 𝑢𝑒 𝑢 𝑛 −1
Procedure
S.No. y (mm) 𝑷𝟎 𝒚 P 𝒖 𝒖 𝒖
𝒖 𝑷𝟎 𝒚 − 𝑷 𝟏− 𝟏−
(milli bar) (milli bar) = 𝒖𝒆 𝒖∞ 𝒖𝒆
𝒖𝒆 𝑷𝟎 ∞ − 𝑷
Conclusions
References
[1] H. Blasius, “Grenzschlichten in Flussigkeiten mit Kleiner Reibung,” Z. Math.Phys. 56, 1, 1908.
[2] Nikuradse, J., Laminare Reibungsschichten an der längsangetrömten Platte. Monograph, Zentrale f. wiss.
Berichtswesen, Berlin, 1942.