Multiple choice.

Select the letter that precedes the best

answer.

1. The kidneys maintain the body’s

a. acid-base balance
b. electrolyte balance
c. fluid balance
d. all of these

2. The specialized part within each nephron that actually

filters the blood is called the
a. ureter
b. filter
c. glomerulus
d. capillary bunch

3. Kidney disorders may be caused by

a. diabetes
b. infections
c. burns
d. all of these

4. When renal tissue has been destroyed to a point at which

it can no longer filter the blood, the following occurs:
a. nephritis
b. nephrosclerosis
c. uremia
d. nephrolithiasis

5. The general term referring to the inflammatory diseases

of the kidneys is
a. nephritis
b. nephrosclerosis
c. uremia
d. nephrolithiasis
6. The term referring to the hardening of renal arteries is
a. nephritis
b. nephrosclerosis
c. uremia
d. nephrolithiasis

7. The rare hereditary disease causing cysts to develop on

the kidneys is called
a. nephritis
b. glomerulonephritis
c. renal stones
d. polycystic kidney disease

8. The condition in which stones develop in the kidneys,

ureters, or bladder is called
a. nephritis
b. nephrolithiasis
c. polycystic kidney disease
d. glomerulonephritis

9. Because its nitrogenous wastes contribute to uremia, the

following nutrient may be restricted in diets of renal
clients:
a. carbohydrate
b. saturated fat
c. protein
d. vitamin A

10. Kidneys dialysis

a. is a means of filtering all protein from the blood
b. is a means of removing toxic substances from the
blood
c. always requires the client be on a low-protein diet
d. requires the client to increase his or her sodium
intake

11. Sodium and water may be restricted in the diets of

renal clients because they
a. contribute to uremia
b. increase hypercalcemia
c. contribute to hyperlipidemia
 d. contribute to fluid retention

12. If osteomalacia occurs in renal clients, the

following nutrient may be prescribed:
a. potassium
b. protein
c. calcium
d. phosphorous

13. In a case of hyperkalemia, the following nutrient

may be restricted;
a. potassium
b. protein
c. calcium
d. phosphorous

14. Fruits are an especially rich source of

a. potassium
b. protein
c. calcium
d. phosphorous

15. The vitamins renal clients may have an increased

need for
a. the water-soluble vitamins
b. the fat-soluble vitamins
c. vitamins B, C, and D
d. vitamins E and A