HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION,

ASSESSMENT AND CONTROLS

Engr. Alexander B. Trillana 1

OSH Consultant
 OBJECTIVES
 To identify the different potential hazards in
your work area;
 To carry out risk assessments;
 To develop risk controls to prevent the
occurrence of any potential incident;
 To implement and follow up risk controls;
and
 To review the effectiveness of risk controls.

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 DEFINITION
 HAZARD is any source of
potential harm to human
or adverse health effects,
and damage of property
and environment or a
combination of these.
 RISK is the chance or
probability that a person
will be harmed or
experience an adverse
health effect if exposed to
a hazard. It is a
combination of likelihood
of occurrence and severity
(consequence) of injury or
damage.
 ASSESSMENT is a
systematic evaluation
of the workplace
and/or other activities
which identifies the
hazards present and
gives an estimate of
the extent of the risks
involved.
 CONTROL is a
methodology to
control the probability
and/or impact of
unfortunate event.
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HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT & CONTROL
Classify Activities
(Work, Product, Services)

Identify Hazards

Assess the Risks • Inspection

• Audit
Likelihood Consequences
• Safety Observation
• JHA
Derive Risk Rating
• HIRADC
Determining Controls • WEM
Verify Effectiveness

Document Results

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 SOURCES OF HAZARDS
By-Product:
• Airborne Contaminants
• Physical Hazards
• Other Form of Energies
• Other Associated Risks

Industrial Process
Incoming
Delivery . . .
Input: Output:
• Raw Materials • Products
• Equipment/Tools • Services
• Energies • Traffic
• Human Resources

Wastes: These hazards,

• Hazardous Wastes if not controlled
• Wastewater ahead can lead
• Other Wastes to accidents! 5
 WORKPLACE HAZARDS
 Chemical The details of the
 Mechanical following health
hazards shall be clearly
 Electrical discussed in
 Physical fundamentals of
 Biological industrial hygiene:
 Ergonomics  Chemical
 Psychosocial  Physical
 Natural  Biological
Geological  Ergonomics
Hydro-Met  Psychosocial
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WORKPLACE HAZARDS

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 MECHANICAL HAZARD

 Rotating Parts
 Drilling
 Cutting
 Shearing
 Bending
 Punching
 Sliding and
Pivoting
 Fragments and
Projectiles
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 ELECTRICAL HAZARD

 Live Parts

 Arc Flash

 Arc Blast

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 NATURAL

 Strong Wind
 Heavy Rain Pour
 Storm Surge
 Flood
 Tsunami
 Foggy
 Earthquake
 Etc.
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 ASSESSMENT

THREE-STEP PROCESS:
 Define likelihood;
 Define consequence
 Establish operational risk matrix

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 ASSESSMENT
The risk associated with a hazard is a
reflection of the likelihood that the hazard
will cause harm and severity of that harm.
That is:

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X CONSEQUENCE

Both likelihood and severity (consequence)

can be rated on next slides respectively.
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SAMPLE HAZARD ASSESSMENT-LIKELIHOOD

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SAMPLE ASSESSMENT-CONSEQUENCE

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SAMPLE ASSESSMENT-OPERATIONAL MATRIX

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 CONTROL
 Risk control is the measure, or measures, put
into place to reduce the risk to an acceptable
level.
 What constitutes an acceptable level must be
able to show that they have taken all relevant
factors into account, including, if appropriate,
the costs of different types of control
measures.
 This will normally require documentary
evidence that this has been done.
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CONTROL METHODS HIERARCHY
Most effective

Eliminate

Substitute

Engineering

Admin
Training

PPE

Least effective
Emergency Response

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 ELIMINATION CONTROL-SAMPLES
 Eliminate defective
machineries, apparatus
and equipment;
 Eliminate establishing
your workplace at areas
frequently exposed to
adverse weather;
 Eliminate the contact of
man and machine;
 Eliminate risk takers;
 Eliminate executives, staff
and students with
derogatory records;
 Eliminate executives, staff
and students who failed
on pre-medical
requirements;
 Eliminate poor security
personnel;
 Eliminate poor
management/
supervision; and
 Please give another
examples!
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 SUBSTITUTION CONTROL-SAMPLES
 Replacement of beyond  Fan to Aircondition;
repair machineries,  Flat to Royal Cord;
apparatus and equipment;  Fuse to Breaker;
 Replacement of;  Lamp to LED;
substandard supplies,  Conventional to Automatic
machineries, apparatus Clutch;
and equipment;
 Manual to Cruise Controller;
 Substitute poor/good to
 Manual to ABS;
best methods, processes
and practices;  Manual to Piping System;
 Elevated to Pressurized
 Replacement of poor
Tank;
personnel;
 Manual to Automatic Door;
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 SUBSTITUTION CONTROL-SAMPLES
 Manual to Emergency Panic
Door;
 AC to DC;
 High to Low Voltage;
 Single to 3 Phases;
 2 to 3 Prongs;
 3 Holes CO to GFCI;
 CO with Switches;
 8 to 10 ft Ground Copper
Rod;
 Brush to Roller to Spray to
Submerge Painting;
 Gasoline to Diesel Engine;
 Hydrogen Gas Engine;
 Equipment/Vehicle Battery
Rechargeable Operated;
 Vehicle Solar Driven;
 Lead to Water/Oil Based
Paint;
 Tube to Tubeless Tire;
 Air to Nitrogen Tire
Inflation;
 Free Tire Inflation; and
 Please give another
examples!
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 ENGINEERING CONTROL-SAMPLES
 Sprinkling System
 Flooding System
 Preventive Maintenance
 Piping/ Plumbing/ Drainage
System
 Oil Trap
 WWT
 Septic Tank Design
 Urinals and Toilets Design
 Lightings
 Lecture Room Design
 Projector Strategic Location
 Sound System
 Lapel/Micro Wireless
 Railings
 Public Protection
 Solar/Wind Power
 Emergency Pull Cord
 Deadman Switch Control
 Limit Switch
 GPS
 IVMS
 Backing Sensor
 Backing Alarm
 Overspeed/ Overload Control
 Multi-Gas Detectors
 Check Valves
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 ENGINEERING CONTROL-SAMPLES
 Chimney  Escalators
 Ventilation  Elevators
 Fumes Hood  Fire Detection System
 Isolation  Access Control
 Air-conditioning  Security Fence
 Sensors/Interlocks  CCTV
 Machine Guarding  Burglar Alarm
 Two-hand Controls  Metal Detectors
 Automatic Breakers  Scanners
 Royal Cords  Keys Control
 Synchronize Operation  LOTOTO
 Handrails  Please give another
 Conveyors examples! 22
 ADMINISTRATION CONTROL-SAMPLES
 Good Moral  Gate Pass
Character  Vehicle Stickers
 NBI Clearance [and  Security Inspection
RTC Clearance]  Sniffing Dogs
 Pre-Medical and  Security Escort
Periodic Examination
 Frequent Security
 Orientation and Patrol
Training
 Intelligence
 Simulation and Mock
Drills  Zero Smoking-
Alcohol-Drug Program
 ID System
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 ADMINISTRATION CONTROL-SAMPLES
 Random Alcohol Test  Safe Working
 Permit System Procedure
 JHA/JSA/Risk  Accident/Incident
Assessment Investigation
 OSH Committee  Testing, Calibration
 Safety Inspection and Certification
 Safety Audit  Work Rotation
 WEM  Arrangement of Work
Schedule and Timing
 Standard Operating
Procedure  Please give another
examples!
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 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Personal protective
equipment is any physical
material or equipment that
is placed between the
employee and workplace
hazards to reduce the
injury potential of the
hazard.

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TYPES OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
 Eye and Face Protection
 Respiratory Protection
 Head Protection
 Foot and Leg Protection
 Electrical Protective
Devices
 Hand and Skin Protection
 Hearing Protection
 Fall Protection
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 EMERGENCY RESPONSE-SAMPLE
 Injured Personnel  Bullying
 Sick Personnel  Harassment
 Fire  Strike
 Typhoon  Bomb Explosion
 Flood  Terrorism
 Heavy Rain Pour  Intruders/ Infiltrators
 Erosion  Vehicular Collision
 Spill  Tire Explosion
 Executive Kidnapping  Please give another
 Rumors examples!
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 SAMPLE
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL

Activities is Forklift Battery Charging

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 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND CONTROLS
Forklift Battery Charging-Sample
Process Hazards Effects Existing L C RFN Level Future Controls RRN
Steps Controls
Forklift Run over Crushing Trained and C 3 13 High Backing alarm 5
parking at injury, authorized Beacon light
battery property operators - - - - Chocks
charging damage Delineated
Recertification of
station parking area operator
Stop engine and
Implement proper
park parking techniques
Inspection
Preventive
checklist maintenance

Battery Manual & Crushing Remove C 3 13 High Third party 5

dismantling, mechanical injury, jewelleries certificate of
lifting using handling, property Use electrical overhead crane &
- - - -
overhead Electrical damage gloves while lifting gears
crane and contact and dismantling Preventive

transferring electrical battery terminals - - - - maintenance

to charging shock Carry battery

station using overhead

hoist.
Inspection
checklist
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 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND CONTROLS
Forklift Battery Charging-Sample
Process Hazards Effects Existing L C RFN Level Future Controls RRN
Steps Controls
Battery Hydrogen Burn, Use rubber C 4 18 High Work permit 5
charging gas, fire, gloves and system
sulfuric property insulated tool - - - - Mandatory no
acid, damage, when opening smoking
electrical electrical cap, face away Isolation &
contact shock from the cell. - - - -
shielding
When adding
General promotion
water, use
Disciplinary action
watering cans to
avoid contact
with acid and
battery terminals
Maintain

ventilation and
standby fire
extinguishers
Ensure an

eyewash station
is readily
available

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HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND CONTROLS

YOU CAN NEVER IMPLEMENT AN

EFFECTIVE SAFETY PROGRAM IF
YOU WILL NOT IDENTIFY THE
HAZARDS AHEAD IN YOUR WORK
AREAS.

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