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David,
During this time, the Maxwell theory had not really made very
much progress, and though considered of importance, it was not
considered anything very spectacular -- much of this being because
of its "considered too difficult" mathematics and the residues of the
"terrible quaternions". Even Maxwell's own publisher strongly
criticized to Maxwell his use of this horrid mathematical style
which was so much opposed, as the publisher considered that was
cause of the theory meeting with such opposition.
However, Maxwell had gone (in his work for the second edition) to
some pains to reduce the quaternion expressions himself, so as not
to require the students to know the calculus of quaternions (so
stated on p. 257). We note that Maxwell did not finish the second
edition, but died before that. He actually had no hand at all in the
third edition as to any changes. The Second edition was later
finished by Niven by simply adding the remaining material from
the previous first edition approved by Maxwell. The printing of the
first nine chapters of the third edition was already underway when
J. J. Thomson was assigned to finish the editing of the manuscript.
We also point out that Heaviside never attended university, and was
self-taught. He was brilliant, but hated quaternions and potentials.
For potentials, he stated that they should "be murdered from the
theory". Today, in modern quantum theory we know that it is the
potentials that have the primary reality, and the force fields are
merely constructed from them (by their interaction in and with
charged matter).
So, as one can see, Maxwell had been dead quite a few years prior
to the dramatic reduction of his equations and theory and the
emergence of vector analysis. Maxwell's theory did not gain
prominence until Hertz and Lodge had experimentally detected
electromagnetic waves.
Force was considered the only reality; the potentials were not even
considered physically real, but just considered to be mathematical
conveniences. Hence the electrodynamicists believed that they
could change the potentials any way they wished (regauge at will),
so long as the two new free force fields that emerged were equal
and opposite, so that no NET translation force field emerged (even
though two new ones did including with their field energies). In
short, that was Lorentz symmetrization.
This inane practice thus produces only circuits and electrical power
systems that use precisely half their freely collected potential
energy from the vacuum, to do naught but destroy the source
dipolarity that is furnishing the energy flow from the vacuum in the
first place, quite freely.
So nature has been most kind. The universe is filled with absolutely
free energy sources -- every charge and dipole in the entire
universe. Every one is continually extracting energy from the
vacuum in virtual state but coherent form, integrating it to
observable magnitude, and thus emitting a continual outflow of real
observable photons -- real EM energy -- in all directions.
Every EM field and its energy, and every EM potential and its
energy, are thus continuous outflows of real photons and real EM
energy from the source charges. Every observable joule of EM
energy in the universe is and has been extracted directly from the
seething virtual state vacuum by its associated source charges.
Cranking the shaft of the generator has nothing to do with inputting
the energy used to generate the Poynting energy flow in a system!
It only has to do with physically forcing the internal opposite
charges inside the generator apart, thereby producing the source
dipole that does the extracting of that real Poynting energy from the
virtual state vacuum. It is the proven broken symmetry of this
source dipolarity that produces all EM energy flowing out of the
generator terminals and onto the power line. And all its energy
input comes directly from the seething vacuum.
So every EM system we ever built has and did and does extract all
its EM energy directly from the seething vacuum. There is no
observable EM energy, field, or potential in the entire universe that
has come from anywhere BUT being extracted from the seething
virtual state vacuum.
For the major errors in the present electrical engineering model (as
mostly pointed out by eminent scientists, to no avail), see my
paper"Errors and Omissions in the CEM/EE Model". Included in
that paper is information on the magnetic Wankel engine, which
easily kills its own back mmf at very little cost. The result is an
engine that can continually and freely develop torque, so it can
power a load at COP>1.0. The engine is also easily closed looped
for self-powering (all its input energy being furnished freely from
the vacuum). Any competent EE department and physics
department can build one and test it if they wish. This engine and
several other "free energy" Japanese engines have been ruthlessly
suppressed by the Japanese Yakuza, worldwide.
One can forgive the scientific community for the first 50 years of
the suppression of energy from the vacuum and asymmetrical
Maxwellian system suppression -- say, until the discovery and
proof of broken symmetry in 1957.
Best wishes,
Tom Bearden
Subject: Maxwell
Dr. Bearden Just a simple question out of curiosity, not that it will
change anything. Do you think those who destroyed Maxwell's
work and altered the course of history in doing so did so out of
ignorance or so you believe they knew or suspected the potential
and altered them with intent?
David