Works Cited

Ayres, Crystal. “16 Artificial Intelligence Pros and Cons.” Vittana.org, vittana.org/16-artificial-

intelligence-pros-and-cons.

In this article by Crystal Ayres, she discusses the pros and cons of artificial intelligence in

a list with an explanation under each point. For the list of pros, AI increases productivity

in business. Anyone can use AI to improve their lives and many already do. AI opens

more doors to explore literally anything. Work done but AI has significantly lower error

rates. AI can be used to work in situations to dangerous for human beings, such as the

bottom of the ocean floor. AI also improves our health, especially by being able to give

personalized treatment based on genetic code. With AI, it can also extend our

experiences, especially for people with disabilities. AI allows more accurate research

outcomes. AI may transform how we approach conflict. For the cons of AI, it could grow

into an extremely dangerous technology, we just do not know. AI would create a different

definition of humanity; humanity would be defined by its ability to remain a commodity.

AI shifts the power dynamic to those who developed it. AI can struggle to learn on its

own and can take a long time. AI does not have the capability to be proactive. Creativity

is a struggle for current AI. AI also does not understand the complexities of human need.

AI will create mass job loss around the globe, especially in the service industry.

Implementing AI is also very expensive. We cannot predict how AI will develop as it is

learning, and the article uses “Tay,” an AI chatterbox created by Microsoft as an

example.

The writer’s purpose of this article is to simply list the pros and cons of AI. The

audience is for educated researchers.

 The writer specializes in writing pros and cons lists, which does not give her

expertise in AI, but after fact checking the article, everything was reliable. The website is

also a .org website.

I will use this article to cite the pros and cons. The article is not super in-depth,

but it provides a clear outline for me to look at.

Lai, K.K. Rebecca, et al. “How A.I. Helped Improve Crowd Counting in Hong Kong Protests.”

The New York Times, 3 July 2019,

www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/07/03/world/asia/hong-kong-protest-crowd-

ai.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FArtificial%20Intelligence&action=click&cont

entCollection=timestopics®ion=stream&module=stream_unit&version=latest&contentPl

acement=3&pgtype=collection.

This article written by K.K. Rebecca Lai and Jin Wu in July 2019 covers how AI

was used to count crowds in Hong Kong protests. It is important to know the number of

people attending the protest to give an idea of the strength of the movement. Counting te

amount of people in a huge crowd is extremely difficult and AI made it much easier.

Even though the count it gives is not definitive, it is significantly more accurate than

human estimations. The AI detects people based on color and shape and tracks figures as

they move across the screen. Facial recognition allows people to not be double counted.

On the July 1st protest in Hong Kong, the AI team used attached seven iPads to two major

footbridges.

The purpose of this article was to show the significance of AI in our lives. The

audience is for readers of the New York Times. This article was written just two days
 after the protest occurred, being so soon after, it did not give people that much time to put

insight in the article.

Both authors of this article our credible and have written other articles on very

similar topics.

I will use this article to discuss the advantages of AI, but it will not be a huge part o my

project.

Marge, Ramona, and Stefan Iovan. “ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ROMANIA AND IN

THE EUROPEAN UNION.” Fiability & Durability / Fiabilitate Si Durabilitate, no. 1,

Jan. 2019, pp. 214–219. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=137154107&site=eds-live.

Matheson, Rob. “New AI Programming Language Goes beyond Deep Learning.” MIT News,

MIT News Office, 26 June 2019, news.mit.edu/2019/ai-programming-gen-0626.

In “New AI Programming Language Goes beyond Deep Learning” written in 2019, Rob

Matheson discusses a probabilistic-programming system named “Gen.” Users of Gen

write models and algorithms from multiple fields such as computer vision, robotics, and

statistics. This allows users to not have to deal with equations and writing high-

performance code. The Gen program combines diverse techniques allowing better

accuracy and speed than earlier systems. Since Gen is so simple, it can be used by

anyone; from novices to experts. One of the reasons they created Gen was to make

automated AI more accessible to people with less expertise in computer science and

math. Gen simplifies data analytics allowing users to generate sophisticated statistical

models that prior to this program, required a lot of hand-coding to get accurate results.
 The purpose of this article was to expose readers to a program for AI that almost

anyone can use. It was also probably written to show the advances MIT is creating. The

audience is for people who have a general understanding of computer science. Since it

was written by MIT about MIT, there might be some bias to the success of the project,

but the article also cites experts outside the research prasing the project.

The author is credible because it is coming from an extremely prestigious school,

especially in technology. I know they had adequate information because all the

information he needed was in his own backyard.

I will use this article to discuss how AI is becoming easier and more accessible

for the average person, showing its growth and penetration in our society. I will also use

this article to show the progress being done and to show how much it can still grow. Part

of the issue with AI is that it is not accessible for most people, which could shift a lot of

power to the creators of AI.

Monroe, Mark, et al. Do You Trust This Computer? Do You Trust This Computer?, Papercut

Films, 2018, doyoutrustthiscomputer.org/.

In the 2018 American documentary “Do You Trust This Computer?” directed by Chris Paine,

artificial intelligence today and in the future is examined. Artificial Intelligence will contain

some of humanity, but experts wonder whether it will contain the good or bad parts of us.

Currently, self-autonomous cars make the roads safer, artificial intelligence diagnoses diseases

with a higher rate than the best doctors and makes performing surgery much safer. The first AI

created, which many people do not realize, is Google. Every single search entered in Google

makes it better. There is an extensive dossier on everyone that uses a computer. Currently there
is a giant race for creating AI, and google is coming in first at the moment. The documentary

covers multiple examples of AI such as Watson (used in Jeopardy), Baxter, and Davinci Robots.

Affectiva is an AI program that reads human emotion. In Osaka, Japan, Hiroshi Ishiguro is

creating a human-like robot named “Erica.” Erica is being designed to have human intentions

and desires, so that it will be able to more easily understand other human beings. The scariest

part of AI today is the AI being used in military. AI is said to have more influence over military

than the combustion engine. Autonomous weapons are being created with AI, and that is

terrifying, especially because the values of weapon creators are not the same as the general

population. With AI, there are no boundaries, and will over time reach “Super Intelligence.” AI

does not have to be evil to destroy humanity; if AI sets a goal that humans get in the way of, it

will simply eliminate humanity. AI had a huge influence on the presidential elections as well. AI

shows news on Facebook that people want to see. A lot of times, this is fake news targeted to

people who will believe it. AI is Pandora’s Box, and we have unleashed it. The pursuit of AI is a

multi-billion-dollar industry with no regulations.

The purpose of this documentary was to inform people about AI, because most people

really do not understand it, even if they think they do. The audience is for literally everyone,

because AI will affect everyone and is affecting everyone.

This documentary was directed by Chris Paine and Mark Monroe oversaw screenplay.

This documentary is well known and included major names in AI including Elon Musk.

I will use this source for examples of AI gone wrong and for successful AI. I will also use

the interviews of common people to represent general public opinion on computers and AI.

Pozdorovkin, Maxim, director. The Truth About Killer Robots. Third Party Films, 2018.
 Filmmaker Maxim Pozdorovkin explores the many ways in which artificial intelligence is

taking over people's lives and making them increasingly obsolete. This documentary starts off

with a set of guidelines for AI created by Dr. Isaac Asimov in 1942. The first rule is that AI

cannot hurt human beings. The second rule is that AI must obey human orders, as long as the

orders do not conflict with the first rule. This documentary talks about a Volkswagen worker

being killed by a robot in 2015. It also talks about the first driverless car death in a Tesla. A

northern California Uber killed a pedestrian. During the sniping in Dallas, police used a bomb AI

to deliver a bomb to the sniper and kill him. It talks about how autonomous cars will kill the

service industry.

The purpose of this documentary was to show the current dangers of AI. The audience is

for everyone, since AI affects everyone. This documentary was released in 2018.

This documentary was created by Maxim Pozdorovkin who earned his PhD from Harvard

University. This is a very reliable source which includes reliable sources to create the

documentary.

I will use this documentary to discuss the cons of AI. It will address the dangers of AI

and how Dr. Isaac Asimov’s laws are being broken.

Weber, Richard M. “‘Hey, Siri! Is Artificial Intelligence the Ultimate Oxymoron?’” Journal of

Financial Service Professionals, vol. 73, no. 4, July 2019, pp. 46–50. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=137194607&site=eds-live.

In this article written by Richard M. Weber in 2019, references Siri, Alexa, and

Cortana as AI. Alan Turing created a test where the subject is asked questions to

determine if it is a robot or human. AI is an area of computer science that emphasizes the

creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Weber lists the Three
Laws of Robotics and mentions that there are many fictional stories where these laws are

broken. AI will most likely become bigger than the internet. Weber lists several ways for

one to protect their privacy online.

The purpose of this article is to inform people about AI and how to protect

themselves. The audience is everyone, especially educated people.

Richard M. Weber is a faculty member at California Lutheran University. He is

part of the Society of Financial Service Professionals.

I will use this source to give a definition of AI and to cite the Three Laws of

Robotics.