PRONUNCIATION OF -ed

Động từ có quy tắc thêm –ed được phát âm như sau:
1. /ɪd/ sau âm /t, d/
2. /t/ sau những phụ âm vô thanh (trừ âm /t/) : /p, k, f, ʃ, s, tʃ, θ/
3. /d/ sau những nguyên âm và phụ âm hữu thanh (trừ âm /d/) : / ð, b, v, z, ʒ, dʒ, g, m, n, ŋ, l,r,j,w/
EXERCISE 1: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. arrived B. believed C. received D. hoped
2. A. opened B. knocked C. played D. occurred
3. A. rubbed B. tugged C. stopped D. filled
4. A. dimmed B. travelled C. passed D. stirred
5. A. tipped B. begged C. quarrelled D. carried
6. A. tried B. obeyed C. cleaned D. asked
7. A. packed B. added C. worked D. pronounced
8. A. watched B. phoned C. referred D. followed
9. A. agreed B. succeeded C. smiled D. loved
10. A. laughed B. washed C. helped D. weighed
11. A. walked B. ended C. started D. wanted
12. A. killed B. hurried C. regretted D. planned
13. A. visited B. showed C. wondered D. studied
14. A. sacrificed B. finished C. fixed D. seized
15. A. needed B. booked C. stopped D. washed
16. A. loved B. teased C. washed D. rained
17. A. packed B. punched C. pleased D. pushed
18. A. fixed B. naked C. matched D. wicked
19. A. caused B. increased C. practised D. promised
20. A. washed B. parted C. passed D. barked
21. A. killed B. cured C. crashed D. waved
22. A. imagined B. released C. rained D. followed
23. A. called B. passed C. talked D. washed
24. A. landed B. needed C. opened D. wanted
25. A. cleaned B. attended C. visited D. started
26. A. talked B. fished C. arrived D. stepped
27. A. wished B. wrapped C. laughed D. turned
28. A. considered B. rescued C. pulled D. roughed
29. A. produced B. arranged C. checked D. fixed
30. A. caused B. examined C. operated D. advised
31. A. discovered B. destroyed C. developed D. opened
32. A. repaired B. invented C. wounded D. succeeded
33. A. improved B. parked C. broadened D. encouraged
34. A. delivered B. organized C. replaced D. obeyed
35. A. painted B. provided C. protected D. equipped
36. A. tested B. marked C. presented D. founded
37. A. used B. finished C. married D. rained
38. A. allowed B. dressed C. flashed D. mixed
39. A. switched B. stayed C. believed D. cleared
40. A. recommended B. waited C. handed D. designed
41. A. annoyed B. phoned C. watched D. remembered
42. A. hurried B. decided C. planned D. wondered
43. A. posted B. added C. managed D. arrested
44. A. dreamed B. neglected C. denied D. admired
45. A. admitted B. advanced C. appointed D. competed
46. A. announced B. apologized C. answered D. argued
47. A. complained B. applied C. compared D. polished
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 48. A. declared B. exchanged C. excused D. joined
49. A. contributed B. jumped C. introduced D. vanished
50. A. whispered B. wandered C. sympathized D. sentenced
------------  *  -----------
PRONUNCIATION OF -s/-es
Cách phát âm –s hoặc –es sau động từ hoặc danh từ phụ thuộc vào âm đứng phía trước nó. Động từ hoặc danh từ
khi thêm –s hoặc –es được phát âm như sau:
1. /ɪz/ sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng những âm /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/
2. /s/ sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng những âm vô thanh /p/, /k/, /f/, /θ/, /t/
3. /z/ sau động từ hoặc danh từ tận cùng bằng âm còn lại.
EXERCISE 2: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. skims B. works C. sits D. laughs
2. A. fixes B. pushes C. misses D. goes
3. A. cries B. buzzes C. studies D. supplies
4. A. holds B. notes C. replies D. sings
5. A. keeps B. gives C. cleans D. prepares
6. A. runs B. fills C. draws D. catches
7. A. drops B. kicks C. sees D. hopes
8. A. types B. knocks C. changes D. wants
9. A. drinks B. rides C. travels D. leaves
10. A. calls B. glasses C. smiles D. learns
11. A. schools B. yards C. labs D. seats
12. A. knives B. trees C. classes D. agrees
13. A. buses B. horses C. causes D. ties
14. A. garages B. boats C. bikes D. roofs
15. A. ships B. roads C. streets D. speaks
16. A. beliefs B. cups C. plates D. apples
17. A. books B. days C. songs D. erasers
18. A. houses B. knives C. clauses D. changes
19. A. roofs B. banks C. hills D. bats
20. A. hats B. tables C. tests D. desks
21. A. gives B. passes C. dances D. finishes
22. A. sees B. sings C. meets D. needs
23. A. seeks B. plays C. gets D. looks
24. A. tries B. receives C. teaches D. studies
25. A. says B. pays C. stays D. boys
26. A. eyes B. apples C. tables D. faces
27. A. posts B. types C. wives D. keeps
28. A. beds B. pens C. notebooks D. rulers
29. A. stools B. cards C. cabs D. fork
30. A. buses B. crashes C. bridges D. plate
GRAMMAR U1
A. to – infinitive
 Một số động từ nhất định đi kèm một số động từ ở dạng nguyên mẫu có To như:
agree ( ñoàng yù,nhaát trí), afford, aim, appear ( xuaát hieän), arrange( saép xeáp,thu
xeáp), attempt( coá gaéng), ask ( ñoøi hoûi,yeâu caàu), choose ( choïn, löïa), decide
( quyeát ñònh), deserve, demand ( ra leänh), expect ( mong,troâng ngoùng), fail
( hoûng,khoâng thaønh coâng,(thi) rôùt), happen (xaûy ra) , hope ( hy voïng), learn ( hay
tin), manage ( xoay sôû, töï lo ñöôïc), offer ( daâng ,taëng), plan ( keá hoaïch, döï tính),
pretend ( giaû vôø), promise (höùa heïn), refuse ( töø choái), seem ( coù veû nhö,
döôøng nhö), threaten ( ñe doïa), want, wait, wish ( ao öôùc), would like ( muoán),…
etc.
Cấu trúc:
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 Verb + to-infinitive ( V+ to do sth)

They decided to spend their holidays on HonTre island.

 Đứng ngay sau tân ngữ (object) của động từ như : tell, invite, remind, encourage, force,
enable,teach, order, warn, invite, pesuade, get( persuade, arrange for).......

Verb + object + to-infinitive ( V + Sb+ to do sth)

They advised me to wait until tomorrow.

The teacher tells her students to hand in their home exercise tomorrow.
 Đứng sau tính từ (adjective)
We are happy to be home at last. // The student are certain to pass the exams.
 Chú ý: khi chuyển sang dạng phủ định (negative) em phải lưu ý: not + to-infinive
They decided not to spend their holiday in TL beach. /They advised me not to go out late at night.
– Làm bổ nghĩa để thay thế cho mệnh đề quan hệ ( As a modifier to replace a relative clause( after nouns or
pronouns)
Ex: I have a lot of work to do. ( which I have to do)
Hoặc sau các đại từ bất định( indefinite pronouns: anything, something, nothing, someone,....)
I don’t know anything to do next.
– Trong các cấu trúc ( idiomatic expressions):
* Too + adj ( for SO) + to-inf Ex: The tea is hot for me to drink.
* Adj + enough + to-inf Ex: He is clever enough to solve the problem. -_
– After Wh- words : Which, What, How,.... Ex: I don’t know what to say.
– To + V (inf)to indicate purpose ( chỉ mục đích) Ex: I listen to music to feel relax.
I am buying paint. I want to paint my hall door.  I am buying paint to paint my hall door.
– Làm chủ ngữ của động từ ( As the subject of the verb) Ex: To know how to study English is useful.
B./ Bare infinitive
 Được dùng sau động từ make, have với nghĩ nguyên cớ (causative)
The Brown made their children clean their room. / The guest had the porters carry their luggage upstairs.
 Được dùng sau động từ giác quan như see, hear, feel,notice, taste, smell, ....
We incidentally saw the plane crash into the moutain.
The man noticed his assistant leave work earlier than usual.
 Đuợc dùng sau động từ let và help.
My brother let me use computer. // The parents helped their children set up the tent.
 Khi chuyển sang câu bị động em phải thêm to vào giữa 2 động từ:
The Brown made their children clean their room.
-> The children were made to clean their room by the Brown.
EXERCISE:
* Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct form: infinitive with to or
infinitive without to. In some sentences, both are correct.
1. I hope................................other people with their work. (help)
2. He promised............................. me soon (phone)
3. The studens are well- prepared ........................ the final exam. (take)
4. I’ll help you............................ the party if you like. (arrange)
5. My uncle let me ............................... his motorcycle while he was is on holiday (borrow)
6. The police observed a man......................... the bank (enter)
7. Tuan is sure.......................... the English speaking contest (win)
8. Children should be let ..................... freely (play)
9. Did you hear him....................... out? (go)
10. The first man ........................... foot on the moon is Neil Armstrong (set)
11.We weren’t allowed....................... the restricted area. ( enter)
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12. They didn’t let us......................... the restricted area. (enter)
13. I felt someone .......................... into the room (walk)
* The following sentences may contain some mistakes. Identify them (if there
are) and suggest appropriate correction.
1. She noticed him to leave the party without saying goodbye.
2. I made Steven to wait outside for half an hour.
3. Think we should let them to try again.
4. The director considered her to be the most appropriate person for the job.
5. He was heard say that he hoped Charmaine would die.
6. Natalie watched the thief clime through the window, and then called the police.
7. I felt the snake biting me and saw it slither off.
8. The old woman said that she saw me to put the key in my pocket.
9. It was getting dark and I couldn’t see read
10. She made believe that she was about to marry a rich man.
* Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the verbs in the brackets.
1. They agreed ( be)……………………. present at the opening ceremony.
2. Let me( help)………………….you (get)…………………… it right.
3. I understand you want (borrow)……………………… my last volume of Harry Porter.
4. The manager let me ( watch) ……………… the actors and actresses (rehearse)
……………….
5. They promised (help)……………. me (prepare)…………………….. for the party.
* Infinitives after Adjectives.
Complete the sentences using the appropriate form of the verbs in the box.

go stay see find out hear read receive

go be help walk study
Example: I’m eager to go on vacation soon.
1. I was glad .................... a present from my old closest friend.
2. I was relieved ................ that I had passed the exam.
3. The jet pilot was very lucky ..................... alive after the plane crash.
4. The children were anxious ......................... to the circus.
5. Dung didn’t feel like going anywhere. He was comtent ....................... at home and ................... a book.
6. The teacher is always willing ......................... the students.
7. The students are motivated ........................ English.
8. Thanh ws hesitant ............................. home alone on the dark street.
9. I was suprised .......................... Mr. Suzucho at the meeting.
10. We were very sorry .................................. the bad news about the collapse of the brigde.
I. Write complete sentences with the following clues
Ex: Ann/ have/ no one/ help. -->Ann has no one to help her
1. There/ lot/ food/ eat -->......................................................................................
2. You/ wrong/ treat her/ that -->......................................................................................
3. This/ the ideal place/ build/ our own house
-->......................................................................................
4. What/ most interesting places/ visit/ your city?
-->......................................................................................
5. Last night/ she /find / difficult/ say goodbye.
-->......................................................................................
6. The children/not need/ have/ all these books/ start/ course.
-->.............................................................................
8. My mother/ want/ me /stay/ home/after 9:00 pm
-->......................................................................................

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