TELANGANA STATE POWER GENERATION CORPORATION

RAMAGUNDAM THERMAL STATION: RAMAGUNDAM

From To
The Divisional Engineer, The Principal
Mechanical Maintenance MRCET
RTS-B, Ramagundam. MAISAMMAGUDA,

Sir,
Sub:- TS GENCO-RTS-B Station Mini Project Completion-Regarding
Ref:- SE/O&M/RTS/DE/AT&P/DM(HR)/JR.ASST/F.MINI Project work/
D.NO.687/17,Dt.01.05.2019.

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the following students of “MALLA REDDY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY” have undergone project
work on “STUDY OF BOILER AND ITS PERFORMANCE” atRTS.B,
Ramagundam during the period 01-06-2019 to 30-06-2019 under the guidance of
Sri.P.RAJU ADE/BM. (I/C).
KAMSHETTY MADHU. 18N35A0316
SUMANTH LAKKAKULA. 18N35A0318
Their conduct during this period is found satisfacton

DIVISONAL
ENGINEER

1
 RTS-B,
RAMAGUNDAM

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “STUDY OF BOILER AND ITS
PERFORMANCE” is a bonafide work done by,

MEMBERS

KAMSHETTY MADHU. 18N35A0316

LAKKAKULA SUMANTH. 18N35A0318

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGNEERING

MALLAREDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY

MAISAMMAGUDA, SECUNDERABAD.

(Affiliated to JNTUH)

2
 A partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of B.Tech degree in
Mechanical Engineering

A MINI PROJECT REPORT ON

“STUDY OF BOILER AND ITS PERFORMANCE”

With a special reference to

In

TS GENCO, RAMAGUNDAM

Mini Project Report Submitted

In partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

In

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by

3
 KAMSHETTY MADHU. 18N35A0316

LAKKAKULA SUMANTH. 18N35A0318

S.NO CONTENTS PAGE NO

1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 5

2. ABSTRACT 6

3. PROFILE 7

4. INTRODUCTION 8

4. BOILER 9-37

5. CONCLUSION 38

4
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are very thankful to Sri. P.Vijender Garu, Superintending Engineer

R.T.S ‘B’ Station, Ramagundam for giving this opportunity to carry out the Industrial
Training.

We are very grateful to Sri. D.Ravi kumar, Divisional Engineer MM (I/C)

section R.T.S ‘B’ who have given his valuable suggestions and co-operation.

We are also grateful to Sri. P.Raju ADE/BM (I/C), and M.Pravalika

AE/BM R.T.S ‘B’ under whose guidance we were able to complete the training.

We are very grateful to our principal Dr. G.Venkateshwarlu and our H.O.D,
Dr.Shashikanth, Mechanical Department, Sree Chaitanya college of Engineering
karimnagar, who give their kind co-operation & allowed us to do the Industrial
Training outside the college campus.

5
 ABSTRACT

The internship of RTS’B’ specifies about the overall plant view in detailed
manner. It consist of coal handling plant, Water treatment plant, Boiler and its
Auxiliaries, Turbine, and turbine auxiliaries, . It defines Generation and performance
of such equipment in this plant.

COAL PLANT: Coal is most important fuel in the thermal power station. The coal is
being received at the power station by road and rail from Godavarikhani of Singareni
collieries Co.Ltd. The entire coal requirement is received at plant by roadways by
means of trucks.

WATER TREATMENT PLANT: The raw water to the plant is drawn from the
river Godavari situated about 8km from the plant. The water from the river is pumped
to a reservoir on the top of hill near the plant. Water is supplied by gravity to DM
plant through clarifier and directly to CW to cooling tower basins as makeup.

BOILER: Boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. The heated
are vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating
applications.

6
 PROFILE

Ramagundam Thermal station (R.T.S) of Telangana state power Generation

Corporation Limited (TSGENCO) is situated at Ramagundam in the district of
Karimnagar. It is coal based power plant. The power station has one unit of 62.5MW.
The unit was commissioned in 17th October 1971 with the financial assistance of
U.S.A.I.D.

The coal is being received at the power station by road and rail from
Godavarikhani of Singareni Collieries Co.Ltd. At present coal is received by
roadways by means of trucks. And the raw water to the plant is drawn from the river
Godavari situated about 8km from plant. The water from river is pumped to a
reservoir on the top of hill near the plant. Water is supplied by gravity to DM plant
through clarifier and directly to CW cooling tower basins as make up.

It uses 9%-10%of its power for its auxiliary usage, which includes plant and
other peripherals uses it has installed with a single alternator supplied by
G.E.(General Electrical, USA), RTS works with a water tube, corner shoot type if
boiler from C.E., U.S.A. It shows a good performance in generating electricity.

TSGENCO has completed its first phase R&M during Jan-2007,in the field of
turbine and generator 2nd phase of Renovation and Modernization(R&M) works
carried out in 2014 controls to improve its performance.

7
 1. INTRODUCTION

Ramagundam B Super Thermal Power Plant is located

at Ramagundam in Telangana. The power plant is one of the coal based power plants
of TSGENCO.

Ramagundam B Thermal Power Station has an installed capacity of 62.5 MW

(single unit). The unit was commissioned in October, 1971 with the financial
assistance of U.S.A.I.D with the project cost of Rs 14.8 crores.

With the installation of Electrostatic precipitator in 1987 under the R&M

Scheme, the problems associated with ID Fan etc. has been overcome and station has
been running satisfactorily.

The station has achieved the height plant load factor in all India level for four
times in the group of 62.5 MW to 63.5 MW units.

8
 2. BOILER

A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. The heated
or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes." Like heating, power
generation etc.

a. Types of Boilers: Boilers are classified in a variety of ways. They can be

classified according to pressure, materials of construction, size, tube contents (for eg:
waterside or fireside), firing, heat source or circulation. Boilers are also distinguished
by their method of fabrication and heat source. For example, they are often referred to
as oil-fired, coal-fired etc.

i. Types of boilers based on tube content:

Water tube boilers:

Watertube boilers are designed to circulate hot combustion gases around the
outside of a large number of water filled tubes. Because the pressure is confined
inside the tubes, watertube boilers can be fabricated in larger sizes and used for
higher-pressure applications. Most modern water boiler tube designs are within the
capacity range 4,500 – 120,000 Kg/hour of steam, at very high pressures.

9
Fire tube Boilers:

Fire tube boilers consist of a series of straight tubes that are housed inside a
water-filled outer shell. The tubes are arranged so that hot combustion gases flow
through the tubes. As the hot gases flow through the tubes, they heat the water
surrounding the tubes. The water is confined by the outer shell of boiler. Fire tube
boilers are competitive for steam rates up to 12,000 Kg/hour and pressures up to 18
Kg/cm2.

ii. Types boiler based of Firing:

Corner Fired Boilers:

In Corner Firing Boilers, the coal and other peripherals in a diagonal will face
each other.

Middle Fired Boilers:

In Middle Firing Boilers, the coal and other peripherals in the opposite sides
will face each other.

Tangential Fired Boilers:

The air and fuel streams are vertically adjustable by means of movable air
deflectors and nozzle tips, which can be tilted upward or downward through a total
angle of 60 degrees.

10
 These Boilers are similar to corner firing boilers, but the firing inlet angles are
little inclined to make a rotational path in the boiler.

iii. Types boiler based on Construction:

Horizontally mounted and Vertically mounted. The boiler in Ramagundam

Thermal Station - B is Coal fired ,Vertically mounted, Water tube, Corner fired ,
natural circulation, bi-drum boiler.

b. Boiler Auxiliaries:

i. Super heaters:

Super heaters are meant to rise the steam temperature above the saturation
temperature by absorbing heat from the flue gas. Usually superheaters are classified,
according to the shape of the tube banks & the position of the header. General
classifications of superheaters are: Pendent Type Superheater, Horizontal Type Super
heater, Radiant Superheater, Convection Super heater and Combined Super heater. In
spite of classification, pendent type super heater and Radiant type Superheaters are
using in RTS. In this plant, the super heater is divided into primary and secondary of
14 coils and 50 coils respectively. The headers for both primary and secondary supers
are located in pent house, form there the super heaters are vertically erected in to the
boiler flue gas path.

11
ii. Economizers:

Flue gases coming out of the boiler carry lot of heat. Function of economiser
is to recover some of the heat from the heat carried away in the flue gases up the
chimney and utilize for heating the feed water to the boiler. It is placed in the passage
of flue gases in between the exit from the boiler and the entry to the chimney. The use
of economiser results in saving in coal consumption, increase in steaming rate and
high boiler efficiency.

Flue gas inlet

Water
outlet
Economizer
coils

Water inlet

Flue gas outlet

12
In RTS, Vertical Economizer is in use.

Details of Economizer in RTS ‘B’:

1. Finned straight tubes : 51 x 5mm sa210 grade 1

2. Length : 7150mm

3. “U” bends : 1080

4. Shrouds for bends :120 no.s

5. Seal ring for inlet valve

6. Stainless Steel Shrouds In 2mm Stainless Steel Plate Suitable For 2 Inches
OD Economiser Tubelong Staight Shrouds For Staight Tube

7. Stainless steel shrouds in 2mm stainless steel plate suitable for 2” OD

economiser tube, 2” inside curvature, 9” long straight ,7” downward bend for
top end

8. Stainless steel shrouds 2mm stainless steel plate for 2” on economiser tube ,2”
inside curvature, 9” long straight,6” upward bend for bottom

9. Stainless steel clamps for shrouds of 2mm x 2” OD x 2”

13
 Specifications Values

No. of Tubes: Width Wise 60

Length Wise 19

Spacing Width Wise 79 mm

Vertical Spacing 127 mm

Tube Material Carbon Steel SA 192

Outside Diameter 51 mm

Wall thickness 4.2 mm

Total Heating Surface 3065 m2

Inlet Water Temperature 237.8°C

Tube side Pressure drop at full load 105 Kg/cm2

Economiser Water outlet Temperature 280 °C

Flue gas Inlet Temperature 404 °C

Flue gas Outlet Temperature 323.9 °C

Capacity 246 T/Hr

14
iii. WATER WALLS:

1. Water walls tubes dia 76.1 mm x 7.1 mm thick

SA210 grade with plain : 9000 mts

2. Furnace access door bends

(from soot blower 2nd tubes both sides) : 32 No.

3. Furnace soot blower insert tubes

(from soot blower 1st tubes both sides : 32 No.

4. Deep holes bends : 64 No.s

5. Furnace corner bends (Buour bens) : 32 No.s

6. Total heating surface : 1017

Radial : 628 m2

Convecting heating :384m2

7. Furnace volume is 1160 m3

8. Tubes designed for 109 kg/cm2

9. Arrey backed by a steel skin casing gas tight seal soot blower inserting
tubes

OD : 76.2 mm thickness
7.1 mm

15
 Material : SA210 grade ‘ C’
with plain ends

Density pressure : 1100 C

Temperature : 4100 C

At soot blower area :

North : 74 East : 97

South : 74 West : 97

10. 1 at bottom ash hoppers (One side)

16 No.s connected to top drum

51 No.s connected to bottom drum

iv) Air Pre-Heater:

Air heaters are used in steam generating plants to heat the combustion air and
enhance the combustion process. Most of frequently, the flue gas is the source of
energy and the air heaters serves as a heat trap to collect and use waste heat from the
flue gas stream. This can increase the overall boiler efficiency by 5 to 10%. Air
heaters can also use extraction steam or other sources of energy depending up on the
particular application. These units are usually employed to control air and gas
temperatures by pre heating air entering the main gas-air heaters.

Super heaters, Economizers generally cannot fully extract the heat from flue
gases. Therefore Pre-heaters are employed which recover some of the heat from the
flue gases.

16
 Air heaters are classified as recuperative and regenerative types based on their
operating principle.

In Recuperative type; Tubular Air Heaters, cast iron air heaters, plate air
heaters, steam air heaters, heat pipe are comes under this category.

In Regenerative type air heaters Ljungstrom Air Pre-Heater and Rothemuhle

Air Pre-Heater are comes under this category.

In RTS, Ljungstrom Air Pre-Heater (LAPH) and Tubular Air Heaters (TAH)
are in use.

Ljungstrom Air Pre-Heater (LAPH):

LAPH is a regenerative type air heater, which is using in RTS. The heating
medium flows through a closely packed matrix to raise its temperature and then air is
passed through the matrix to pick up the heat. Either the matrix or the hoods are
rotated to achieve this and hence leakage through sealing arrangements at the moving
surfaces is high.

17
 The inlet of LAPH is 323.9°C of flue gas and 42.78°C at the rate of 317 T/hr
of air and the outlet is 154.4°C at the rate of 385 T/hr of flue gas and 246.11°C at the
rate of 290.45 T/hr of air.

LAPH 23VIR

 Hot End Basket ‘A’ type : 12 N0.s

 Hot End Basket ‘B’ type : 12 N0.s

 Hot End Basket ‘C’ type : 12 N0.s

 Hot End Basket ‘D’ type : 24 N0.s

 Cold End Basket ‘A’ type : 12 N0.s

 Cold End Basket ‘B’ type : 24 N0.s

 Cold End Basket ‘C’ type : 14 N0.s

 Cold End Basket ‘D’ type : 24 N0.s

 Pin rock assembly : 1 set

 Cirumferintial seals : 225 N0.s

 Radial seal (A) : 96 N0.s

 Radial seal (B) : 96 N0.s

 Radial seal fixing plate : 96 N0.s

 Radial seal fixing plate : 96 N0.s

 Rotor post seals : 24 N0.s

 Circle bearing 23034 : 1 N0.s

18
  Support bearing 29468 : 1 N0.s

 Coal end graftings

 Coal end graftings

 Cold end basket ‘D’ type

 LAPH Double row radial spherical roller bearing : 2304CCKW33

SKF

TOP LAYER

 Depth : 9/4 mm

 Element 24US gauge

 Open hearth steel

BOTTOM LAYER

 Depth : 350mm

 Low walls corrosion

 Resisitance steel

 Total heating surface : 5300m2

 Seals : Labryanth

 Flue gas inlet temperature : 1540C

 Flue gas outlet temperature : 42.780C

 Air inlet temperature : 246 110 C

 Quantity of Air to LAPH : 317 T/H

19
  Quantity of Air from LAPH : 290.45 T/H

 Total no. of sector : 12 No.s

MANUFACTURED BY:-

The preheater company wellscille New York , US PATENTS

Order No : AP _2483

Heat No : 4614

Type : 23 VIR

APH Enclosed Gear drive :

Model : 4AP CU4-A

M.O : 8-731169

Ratio : 87.5

O/p rpm : 20

Peals i/p torque : 1200LB

Momentry leak : 33HP

Continuous load : 6.0HP

20
Tubular Air Heater (TAH):

TAH is a recuperative type, which is using in RTS. The heating medium is on

one side and air is on the other side of tube or plate and heat transfer is by conduction

through the material which separates the media. These are of static construction and

hence there is only nominal leakage through expansion joints, access doors, casings

etc.

TAH :-

 Length of tubes : 15” 8”

 Outer dia : 3”

 Material ; 12 SWG CARBON STEEL

 Type : EBW PLAIN TUBES

 Air flow : Horizantal

 Gas Flow : Down

 Total Heating System : 660m2

 Flue gas inlet temperature : 548.90 C

21
  Flue gas outlet temperature : 4040 C

 Air inlet temperature : 246.110 C

 Air outlet temperature : 343.30 C

 No. of tubes (width) : 63 No.s

 No. of tubes (length) : 9 No.s ( Total = 61 x 9 = 549

No.s)

 Horizontal spacing : 5”

 Vertical spacing : 5”

 Thickness : 2.52 mm

iv. Induced Draft Fan (ID Fan):

The function of Induced Draft fan is to suck the gases out of furnaces and
throw into the stack. Boiler is provided with a no. of Induced Draft Fans. Each ID fan
is provided with regulating damper control and scoop control for controlling the
loading on fans, Inlet/Outlet gates for isolation to facilitate startup/maintenance of
fan. Flue gas interconnection with damper is provided before ESP in order to maintain
balanced flow through both the APH when only one ID fan is running.

Usually, In RTS plant, the induced draft fan is a double inlet and single outlet
fan which was connected to the chimney from boiler path and it maintains the output
air from the furnace which is equal to the input, to furnace from FD fan. So, that the
fire from the burner compartment will not come out, by maintaining equal input and
output conditions. By controlling the blades of inlet, the outlet air can be controlled,
according to the requirement and passed to the chimney.

22
Details of ID Fan in RTS ‘B’:

Parameters MCR DESIGN

Gas flow for ID fan m3/s 165 181.5(+10%)

Gas temperature DegC 172 172

Density of the medium Kg/cu m 0.8025 0.8025

handled

Static pressure at ID inlet mmWc -390 -468(+20%)

Static pressure at ID outlet mmWc 20 24

Total head to be developed mmWc 410 492

by the fan

23
Data sheet of ID Fan

Description unit Induced draft fan

No.of fan per boiler 1

Fan type Radial fan,double suction,simply

supported

Control Speed control by VFD

Fan size NDZV 22

Impeller diameter (nominal) 2239

Operating VFD

MCR DESIGN

Volume flow per fan Cu.m/s 165 181.5

Pressure rise mmWc 410 492

Temperature Deg C 172 172

Density Kg/cu.m 0.8025 0.8025

Fan speed RPM 879 963

Fan efficiency % 85 85

Power input to coupling KW 781 1024

Motor rating KW/RPM 1200KW/980RPM

GD2 value KG.m2 14250

Apprx.fan weight KG 35000

24
 Casing IS 2062

Shaft 2C 35 &ST 37

Shaft seal Labyrinth type with compressed asbestos

fiber sheets

Impeller Backward curved plate bladed type of

high strength steel (P 355 NH or Eq.)

Impeller mixing Impeller is bolted to shaft flange which is

welded to shaft

Bearings lubrication Sleeve bearings with stand oil lubrication

coupling Special soft coupling

v. Forced Draft Fan (FD Fan):

The function of FD fan is to supply excess air required for complete

combustion. Boiler with two no. of Forced Draft Fans. Each FD fan is provided with
blade pitch control for controlling the loading on fans. Outlet damper for isolation to
startup/maintenance of fan.

25
 In RTS, Single FD fan is used and has double inlet and single outlet. The air
flow can be controlled by controlling the inlet vanes and supplied the outlet air to the
furnace for combustion process.

Boilers operating with both forced and induced draft use the forced draft fan to
push air through the combustion air supply system into furnace. The fan must have a
discharge pressure high enough to equal the total resistance of air ducts, air heater,
burners or fuel bed and any other resistance between the fan discharge and the
furnace. This makes the furnace the point of balanced draft or zero pressure. Volume
output of the forced draft fan must equal the total quantity of air required for
combustion plus air heater leakage.

In many installations, greater reliability is obtained by dividing the total fan

capacity between two fans operating in parallel. If fan is out of service, the other
usually can carry 60% or more of full boiler load, depending on how the fans are
sized.

26
Details of FD Fan in RTS ‘B’:

Specifications Values

Unit 1

Manufacture Strulent Division of Westing

House, USA

Method of Air flow control Inlet vane control

Details of motor of FD Fan in RTS ‘B’:

Specifications Values

Manufacture Fair Banks, Mosse. Co, USA

Power 900 HP

Voltage 3.3 kV

Speed 975 RPM

Impeller assembly : 1 set

Bearing : 2 sets

Bearing housing : 2 sets

Dampers lock pins : 2 No

Gear coupling : 1 No

Maximam capacity : 4,70,000 m3 /Hr

27
Static head : 447 mm/H2O

Temp : 51.70 C

Type : double inlet

HP : 900

Speed : 1000rpm

Volt : 3.3 KV

Make : westing house

Type : Backward

vi. Boiler Feed Pumps (BFP): Boiler feed pump is usually a centrifugal pump. This
pump feeds the water to boiler through economizer.

28
 The water with given operating temperature should flow to the pump under
certain minimum pressure. Water passes through the suction branch into the intake
spiral and from there; it is directed to the first impeller. After leaving through the
impeller it passes through the distributing passages of the diffuser where it get certain
pressure rise and flows over to guide vanes to the inlet of the next impeller. This
process repeats from one stage to the other till it passes through the last impeller and
the end diffusers. Thus the feed water arriving into the discharge space develops the
necessary operating pressure; a small part of feed water i.e. about 10% is taken off
from the space behind the last impeller for the operation of automatic balancing
device to balance the hydraulic axial thrust of the pump rotor.

In RTS ‘B’, there are two Boiler Feed Pumps (BFP’s) which are BFP – 1A
and BFP – 1B with a pressure maintaining of 135 Kg/cm2 and temperature of 150°C
to 160°C.

Details of Boiler Feed Pumps in RTS ‘B’:

Specifications Values

Pump Max. Capacity 346000 Kg/Hr

Dynamic Head 1204 MoF Water

Temperature 325 °F

Speed 2960 RPM

Net Positive Suction Head 17.98 m

Pressure 135 Kg/cm2

29
iv. Circulating Water Pump (CWP), Condensate Extraction Pump (CEP): The
next most usage of pumps are CWP and CEP, in thermal generation.

CWP: In RTS, It has two Circulating Water Pumps named CWP-A and CWP-B
which are used for circulating the water to the condenser for cooling the steam,
extracted in it.

Details of CWP:

Specifications Values

Quantity 2 No.s

Make Peerless

Mixed Flow 48" x 60" x 56" H.H,

Single stage,

Pull out type

Capacity 13600 m3/hr

Head 20.720 mtrs

CWBP:

Non driven bearing : NU313

Type : NP-3725

No. : 43310

Size : 10 x 10

Order No : BO/V/EPS97

30
Year : 1968

Disch l/se : 145

Monohead : 15-25

RPM : 960

BHP : 38.4

Motor HP : 50

SAFTEY VALVE :-

SUPER HEATER SAFTEY VALVE:-

Type : 1738 WD CONSOLIDATED

Size : 2 1/2 “

Temperature : 96000C

Set Pressure : 1400 PM

Relieving capacity : 1,32,250

Body : Alloy Steel

Drim : Stainless Steel

But weld inlets and 6”FLGD outlet3001/4 “R.FMFGS STD.Facing cadmium plate
springs

Disc : 1No.

Disc Holder : 1No.

Upper Adjusting ring : 1No.

31
Lower Adjusting ring : 1No.

Upper Adjusting ring pin : 1No.

Upper Adjusting ring pin : 1No.

Spindle : 1No.

Disc Holder for 3H saftey valve WP

size 2 1/2 : 2No.

Lower adjusting ring : 3No.

Drum saftey valve:

Type 1748 wa con solidated

Size 3 inches

Set pressure 1550 PSI

Reliving capacity 289,200

Body cast steel

Drim stainless steel

Butt weld inlet and 6” flgd 300 1/16” rf.mfgs std facing cadmium plate springs

1. Disc 2No.

2. Disc holder 2No.

3. Upper adjusting ring 4No.

4. Main disc guide 2No.

5. Lower adjusting ring 4 No.

32
6. Spindle 2No.

Disc holder for saftey valve 1738 WA (for drum left and right)

PFDS .I -> Type 1511-L10

-> Size 2 ½”

PRDS .III -> Type 1511-J10

-> Size 2 ½”

Root slowing safety valve :- 1912ll T

Size :- 3”

33
 Parameters Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

Feed water 182 174 175 180

temp(oc)

Inlet pressure 94.52 92.65 93.19 94

(mpa)

Steam temp 506 516 508 509

(oc)

Outlet pressure 86.6 86.3 86.8 86

(mpa)

Coal feed rate 935.4 948.3 871.2 900

‘q’ in (T/hr)

GCV of coal 3960 3918 4003 3950

In (kcal/kg)

Steam 203 161 163 170

generated ‘Q’
(T/hr)

34
Day 1:

Enthalphy of feed water at (182oC and 9.452bar) = hf =771.57 KJ/kg

Enthalphy of steam at( 506 oC and 8.66 bar)= hg = 3456.66 KJ/kg

Change in enthalphy = 2685.09 KJ/kg

= 0.239*2685.09

= 641.73 Kcal/kg

Coal feed rate in (q) MT/day = 935.4/24 = 38.97 MT/day

Boiler efficiency (ƞ)= Q * (hf –hg) X 100

q * GCV

= 203 * 641.73

38.75 * 3960

=84.4%

Day 2:

Enthalphy of feed water at (174oC and 9.265bar) = hf =736.86 KJ/kg

Enthalphy of steam at( 516 oC and 8.63 bar)= hg = 3447.73 KJ/kg

Change in enthalphy = 2710.87 KJ/kg

= 0.239*2710.87

= 712.96 Kcal/kg

Coal feed rate in (q) MT/day = 948.3/24 = 39.51 MT/day

Boiler efficiency (ƞ)= Q * (hf –hg) X 100

35
 q * GCV

= 161 * 712.96

39.51 * 3918

= 74.15%

Day 3:

Enthalphy of feed water at (175oC and 9.319bar) = hf =741.1 KJ/kg

Enthalphy of steam at( 508 oC and 8.68 bar)= hg = 3467.2KJ/kg

Change in enthalphy = 2726.10KJ/kg

= 0.239*2726.10

= 716.96 Kcal/kg

Coal feed rate in (q) MT/day = 871.2/24 = 36.3 MT/day

Boiler efficiency (ƞ)= Q * (hf –hg) X 100

q * GCV

= 163 * 716.96

39.51 * 3918

= 80.34%

36
Day 4:

Enthalphy of feed water at (180oC and 9.4bar) = hf =763.1 KJ/kg

Enthalphy of steam at( 509 oC and 8.6 bar)= hg = 3434.53KJ/kg

Change in enthalphy = 2671.43 KJ/kg

= 0.239*2671.43

= 702.58 Kcal/kg

Coal feed rate in (q) MT/day = 900/24 = 37.5 MT/day

Boiler efficiency (ƞ)= Q * (hf –hg) X 100

q * GCV

= 170 * 702.58

37.5 * 3950

= 80.6%

37
 CONCLUSION

Comparing with the past, the demand of electricity has been doubled for last
two decades. RTS ‘B’ is running with a PLF of 87% from the date of commissioning.

RTS ‘B’ has adequate residual life and also for improving the performance by
implementing renovation and modernization works. Therefore TSGENCO has
completed its first phase R&M during Jan-2007, and the 2nd phase of R&M completed
in 2014 the controls to improve its performance.

The unit has updated in using technology in every aspect including its
auxiliaries, instrumentation. Also the performance of boiler improved by regular
monitoring of parameters and with preventive maintenance. Recently in August 2018
new ID fan and ESP was commissioned to maintain the pollution within prescribed
norms of PCB.

We saw the various procedures, processes and equipment used in thermal

power plant for generation is electricity by thermal power which is studied in our
books. And this ha helped us in better understanding of power generation and
concepts of controlling of instrumentation of power.

In this period of project in learnt about design and working of air pre heaters
and economiser in power plant. By using air pre heaters and economists the efficiency
of plants can be increased. Gas flow distribution or heat transfer into economiser
section is improved through use of guide vanes at inlet of economiser duct. Analysis
of economiser module was carried out to predict the feed water outlet temperature.the
economiser size optimised by reducing no.of tubes of module by enhancing the heat
transfer across the module.by installing the air pre heater and economiser the total
husk consumption rate is reduced and the efficiency of plant is also increased.

38