POWERMINE ®

Mining cable solutions and ser vices

A practical guide
 SURFACE MINING POWERMINE®
Mining cable solutions and services
A practical guide
Bucket chain Bucket wheel Conveyor belt Dragline Drilling device Ground water
excavator excavator recovery

1 POWERMINE® cable solutions and services 04

2 Mining cable types 06
Loader Mobile crushing Mobile transfer Processing plant Pump Reclaimer
plants conveyor conveyor bridge stacker 3 International standards 08
on crawlers
a. Mechanical requirements . P10
b. Construction requirements . P12
4 Surface mining 14

Shovel Spreader
5 Underground mining 20
6 Tunneling 26
7 Mining infrastructure 28
8 Added value services 30
UNDERGROUND MINING
9 Innovations 32
10 Appendix 34
a. Mining & Tunneling cables :
by standards & voltage level . P34

Coal cutter Continuous miner Gallery Loader Monorail Pump

b. Glossary . P40
longwall

Roof bolter Sand dredging Shaft / shaft Shuttle car Underground

sinking drilling

2 3

POWERMINE®
cable solutions and
services
Mining companies
are focusing on long-term
growth, as well as short-term
gains. They would like to
enhance their operational
viability and social legitimacy,
and this can only be done
through modernization,
industrialization and
automatisation of their
infrastructure, always with
worker and environmental
safety in mind.
Since cables are the only
means of getting power to
the electrical mobile
machines, they play an
important part in the
strategic planning of all
mining operators.
Sustainability is a concern,
not only in terms of
protecting present and
future geological assets,
but also in obtaining public
support in a sector which
raises questions about
biodiversity, water-usage,
climate change, energy-
sharing, international
cooperation, and
the development of
public transport and
communications networks.
What mining companies
and specialised mining
and tunneling EPCs
expect:
• Wide range of cables for
all mining applications
(power, control and data).
• Turnkey solutions to allow
the complete outfitting of
a mine.
• Ruggedness, flexibility
and longevity in very
harsh environments.
• Pre-terminated cable
assemblies for fast
installation.
• Full compliance with world
standards, including
ICEA, NEMA, MSHA,
CSA, SABS, AS/NZS,
DIN/VDE, GOST,
AENOR, AFNOR, etc…
• Lab test services and
on-site inspection.
• Cable repair workshop
and facilities (24/7
hotline) and correspon-
ding training.
To meet the extraction,
loading and transport
challenges of today’s mining
companies, Nexans has
developed POWERMINE®
and TIGER® cables and
cable solutions for both
underground and surface
4 5
sites. Since high performance
and reliable support are
essential to economic
efficiency, Nexans also
provides numerous
services based on our
proven experience in the
mining market.
Underground coal cutter
cables offer durability and
tensile strength, while
loader/scooper cables
allow electric trucks to
travel long distances in
galleries when conveyors
are unavailable. Shaft
and gallery cables can
be designed for easy
installation and superior
fire-performance to protect
personnel and equipment.
Drilling and tunneling
cables give boring
machines greater
autonomy. Surface mining
cables are designed to
withstand mechanical
forces and to provide non-
stop power supply and
reliable control for conveyors,
excavators, pontoon-
mounted dredgers, electric
shovels and draglines.
For both types of mining,
composite cables compris-
ing optical fibres and cop-
per conductors can be
integrated for remote
POWERMINE® cable solutions and services
control, surveillance and Tunneling POWERMINE® and TIGER® • Designs for long free- • Pre-terminated sets,
monitoring, often using an
Due to their technological
operational excellence hanging installations, harnessing, splicing,
active switch system to
similarities, all dynamic
and safety extended links, and onsite repairs and
provide Power over Ethernet tough conditions. maintenance.
and static tunneling cables • Reliable, customized
(PoE) to vital equipment.
tend to be considered cable solutions to • High flexibility for the • Advanced testing facilities
Nexans has also developed
worldwide as mining increase economic very mobile mining to ensure durability and
submersible cables to
cables. But in fact efficiency. environment, underground worldwide certification.
handle groundwater
tunneling activities are and surface.
drainage, and fluorescent/ • Built-in safety to handle
generally rather linked with
reflective cables to give short-circuits, fire, • Technical support for
transportation infrastructure,
the night-time visibility of abrasion, impact, system engineering,
like highways', railways' or
exposed cable. crush/breakage. fast-delivery, installation
subways' tunnels civil
and problem solving.
Mining-related services works part.
include testing, onsite
repair, training for personnel,
and programs to support
environmental and social
values. Since easy-to-reach
deposits are being depleted
worldwide, exploration
has moved farther afield to
remote locations, often with
desert or freezing conditions.
Nexans high performance
cables are designed for
Surface mining Underground mining
challenging environments,
and we can also advise
about infrastructures beyond
“pure mining applications”
which are increasingly the
responsibility of mining
companies: like private
communications and data
networks, self-contained
electrical power distribution,
short-link rail infrastructure
and material handling
facilities for loading centers
and ports.
Tunneling Mining infrastructure
and downstream processing plants
 Mining cable types

1 Mining cables can be divided

into 3 main categories:

1 Dynamic excavation mining & tunneling cables

these mobile cables (reeling and trailing cables) present
higher requirements in terms of mechanical resistance and flexibility
than the usual fixed installation cables. For this reason they are designed
and tested according to very stringent national or international standards.

2 Static or semi-static excavation mining & tunneling cables

being mechanically less challenged than the dynamic cables, these typically
include shaft or gallery cables for underground mines, or conveyor belt cables, present
simpler design and construction.

3 Infrastructure cables for downstream processing plants

these cabling solutions are equipped for crushing, washing or mineral processing plants and
the electrical and mechanical requirements are usually simpler and correspond to general
industrial standards.

Remark: tunneling cables are often very similar, and can physically correspond to either of
the 3 above mentioned categories.

6 7
 International standards
GERMANY : VDE

CANADA : CSA

Nexans Mining
solutions
POWERMINE®
All cables, specific
USA : ICEA S-15-38
components and services RUSSIA : GOST R
dedicated to the Mining WC-58
industry in general are
covered by this global
brand. UK : BSI
TIGER®
Initially deployed in
Northern America, this CHINA : MA
brand is recognized
FRANCE : AFNOR
as a high class family of TIGER® brand
products manufactured and US mining products INDIA : BIS
tested in full compliance
with the US Standards
(ICEA, NEMA, MSHA).
RHEYFIRM® & BUFLEX® AUSTRALIA : AS
These brands are widely
used across a number of
key markets within Nexans, SOUTH AFRICA NEW ZEALAND : NZS
including Mining.
They have been developed
for reeling applications.
International standards
In many countries,
WORLDWIDE : IEC
the mining industry globally
has established a list of
standards that are aimed
at maximizing the safety
and preserving the health history: Australia, Germany, and bodies in the country In many other countries,
of the workers in all mining USA, Canada and South of issue. some national standards tables will mainly summarize
operations. Africa. They are often used and also exist, and they are still construction principles
The most recognized These standards are applied in many other applied in the maining as well as mechanical
standards have been managed and regularly countries around the world industry, but generally only requirements of Australian,
developed in countries updated by the relevant as a general requirement. at national level. For this German, South African
having a very long mining standardization boards reason the next comparison and American standards.

8 9
 International standards

Mechanical requirements
Mining Excavation Cables
The following table summarizes the mechanical and ageing cable requirements according to the most relevant standards.

Australia
Country USA Germany WW South Africa
New Zealand

Standardisation bodies AS / NZS ICEA / NEMA / ASTM VDE IEC* SABS

ICEA Standards S-75-381/NEMA WC-58,

Reference standard Nr. 1802 and 2802 0250-812 / 813 60502-1 / 2 1520-1 / 2
ASTM B-172 and B-33

Physical requirements for sheathing Heavy-duty Extra-HD Extra-HD CR

3808 SE1 RS6
compounds HD CPE EHD CPE EHD TPU 5GM5

Max. conductor temperature in normal

90°C 90°C 90°C 90°C 90°C 85°C 90°C
operation

Tensile Strength: 12.5 N/mm² 1’800 lbs/inch² 2’400 lbs/inch² 3’700 lbs/inch² 15.0 N/mm² 10 N/mm² 15.0 N/mm²
(minimum) AS/NZS 3808 (= 6.15 N/mm²) (= 8.20 N/mm²) (= 12.64 N/mm²) VDE 0207- 21 IEC 60502 SANS 1411-3
300 % 300 % 250 %
Elongation-at-break: (minimum) 300 % 300 % 300 % 400 %
VDE 0207- 21 IEC 60502 SANS 1411-3
7.0 N/mm min 40 lbs/inch 80 lbs/inch 30 N/mm min 10N/mm min
Tear Resistance
AS/NZS 3808 (= 7 kN/m) (= 14 kN/m) VDE 0207-21 SANS 1411-3

Abrasion resistance: sheath material

300 mm²
volume loss during abrasion test acc. to < 5 cm3 < 2 cm3 < 2 cm3
VDE 0472
ISO 4649 method

Ageing requirements

1. After air oven test at 120°C / 240 h 100 °C / 168h 100°C / 168h 100°C / 168h 100°C / 168h 100°C / 168h 70°C / 240 h

8.5 N/mm² ± 30 % max ± 30 % max 80 %

Tensile strength, based on unaged value 50% 70% 50%
AS/NZS 3808 VDE 0472 IEC 60502 SANS 1411-3
Elongation at break, based on unaged ± 40 % max ±40 % max 75 %
150 % 50% 55% 75%
value VDE 0472 IEC 60502 SANS 1411-3

2. After oil immersion 120°C / 18h 121 °C / 18h 121°C / 18h 121°C / 18h 100°C / 24 h 100°C / 24 h 100°C / 24 h

± 40 % max ± 40 % max 60 % max

Tensile strength, based on unaged value 60 % 60% 60 % 60 %
VDE 0472 IEC 60502 SANS1411-3
Elongation at rupture, based on unaged ± 40 % max ± 40 % max 60 % max
60 % 60% 60 % 60 %
value VDE 0472 IEC 60502 SANS1411-3

* IEC = just for comparison, mainly valid for infrastructure cables

10 11
 International standards

Construction requirements
Mining Excavation Cables
The following table summarizes the construction of mining cables according to the most relevant standards.

Requirements AS / NZS ICEA VDE IEC* SABS

1802 Underground ICEA Standards S-75-381

Reference standard Nr. 0250-812 / 813 60502-1 / 2 1520-1 / 2
2802 elsewhere NEMA WC-58
Tinned Cu Class 5 Tinned or plain
Conductors materials Tinned Cu Class 5 Tinned Cu Class 5 Tinned Cu Class 5
and special stranding Cu Class 5

In AWG : 6, 4, 2, 1, 1/0, 2/0, 3/0, 4/0,

Typical cross sections 1.5 to 300 mm2 In mm2 : 2.5, 4, 6, 10, 16, 25, 35, 50, 70, 95, 120, 150, 185, 240
250 kcmils, 350 kcmils, 500 kcmils

Insulation material for MV cables R-EP-90 or XR-EP-90 EPR II 3GI3 (EPR) EPR /HEPR RD3 (EPM)

• Thickness for 0.6/1.0 kV in mm or mils 1.4 to 3.0 mm 1.78 to 2.41 mm 0.8 up to 2.4 mm 0.7 up to 2.4 mm 1.4 up to 2.3 mm

• Thickness for 1.8/3 kV in mm or mils 3.0 (R-EP), 2.2 to 2.4 (XR-EP) 2.2 / 2.4 mm 2.8 mm @ 3,3 kV

5.0 (XR-EP)
• Thickness for 3.6/6 kV in mm or mils 2.80 mm@ 5 kV 3.0 mm 3.0 mm 3.4 mm @ 6,6 kV
3.0 (XR-EP)
7.6 at 11kV (R-EP)
• Thickness for 6/10 kV in mm or mils 3.81 mm @ 8 kV 3.4 mm 3.4 mm 4.0 mm @ 11 kV
5.0 (XR-EP)

• Thickness for 8.7/15 kV in mm or mils 5.33 mm @ 15 kV 4.5 mm 4.5 mm

10.5 at 22V (R-EP)

• Thickness for 12/20 kV in mm or mils 5.5 mm 5.5 mm 6.0 mm @ 22 kV
7.6 (XR-EP)

• Thickness for 14/25 kV in mm or mils 7.49 mm @ 25 kV 6.8 mm

• Thickness for 18/30 kV in mm or mils 8.0 mm 8.0 mm 8.0 mm @ 33 kV

• Thickness for 20/35 kV in mm or mils 10.5 at 33kV (XR-EP) 9.5 mm

Insulation material for LV cables R-EP-90 EPR II 3GI3 (EPR) HEPR RD3 (PM)

Maximum conductor temperature in normal

90°C 90°C 90°C 90°C 90°C
operation
8.5 N/mm² 8,5 N/mm² 8.5 N/mm² 6.5 N/mm²
Tensile Strength: (minimum) 8.3 MPa
AS/NZS 3808 VDE 0207- 20 IEC 60502 SANS 1411-3
250 % 200 % 200 % 200 %
Elongation-at-break: (minimum) 150%
AS/NZS 3808 VDE 0207- 20 IEC 60502 SANS 1411-3

* IEC = just for comparison, mainly valid for infrastructure cables

12 13
 Surface mining
MV trailing cable with rubber sheath
Surface mining are subjected to rigorous and innovative designs power to conveyors and

In surface mining you find

operational and environ- help to provide greater transformers. For this 1 and pilot wires
Application examples:
mental conditions such as levels of safety and Nexans’ POWERMINE®
an array of different cable
lateral movement across productivity. In addition and TIGER® range of
needs for both fixed and
harsh terrain, twisting, and to reeling & trailing cables semi-static and static
mobile installations in mines
bending. you will find a requirement cables are offered and Cable families examples:
where electrification is the SHD-GC, acc. to US standards
Nexans’ POWERMINE® for other types of cables where necessary integrate
main source of power. (ICEA / NEMA).
and TIGER® range of that are essential in the day both fibre optic and/or
The main cable requirement See selection table p.36/37
dynamic cables offer both to day operational function control cables to maximise
is found in reeling and
the flexibility and durability of the mine, such as feeding efficiency and cost. MV trailing cable with transparent polyurethan
trailing applications.
to counter such conditions
These types of cables are 5 2 sheath and reflective tapes underneath
Application examples:
used to feed power to
mobile equipment such 2
as excavators, shovels,
draglines and drills and 5
1
2 Cable families examples:
1 SHD-GC, acc. to US standards
(ICEA / NEMA).
See selection table p.36/37

LV trailing cable with transparent polyurethane

3 sheath and reflective tapes underneath

Application examples:
1 2 3 5

1 2
Cable families examples:
XMEU, acc. to South American
design.
See selection table p.36/37
1 4

2
5 4 MV reeling cable with rubber sheath
Application examples:

Cable families examples:

(RTS)-(N)TSCGWTOEUS, in line
with German standards (VDE).
See selection table p.36/37

2
1 3
5 MV trailing cable with rubber sheath
Application examples:
4 4
Cable families examples:
5 (N)3GGT5G, according to
5 South African standards SANS
1520-2 and in line with VDE
standards . See selection table p.36/37
MOBILE CABLE:
REELING CABLES
1
14 15

Reeling and trailing
mobile mining cables:
key features &
constructions
Rubber or polyurethane
sheathed cables are
the natural choice for
applications where
durability, flexibility, and
safe operation under
extreme environmental
conditions are important.
Nexans’ POWERMINE®
and TIGER® Brand range of
cables have demonstrated
their robustness in thousands
Option: Reflective tapes
• Key features:
1. Reflective tapes
underneath transparent
TPU sheath : patented
solution enabling the
application of reflective
tapes mechanically
protected by the outer
sheath.
of operations, and present
the best features and the
broadest range of mining
cables offered around the
world. In all countries
where the mining industry
has experienced a very
long historical develop-
ment, many well defined
standards or guidelines
govern the manufacture
and the application of
dynamic, semi-static and
static mining cables.
Innovation in work practices,
with increasing number of
16
excavation equipment
operating at always higher
voltages, has required the
continued development
of new rubber or
polyurethane sheathed
cable designs. The key
objective of all develop-
ment programs for several
decades was always the
continuous improvement of
the reliability and safety of
all cables designs. The
major design responsibility
for POWERMINE® and
TIGER® Brand range aims
at ensuring that all cables
supplied will operate
reliably and safely under
all kinds of difficult
conditions. Personnel often
work close to energised
cables, especially in
underground mines.
The cable construction and
materials must be selected
to provide maximum safety
during both normal
operation and in the case
of cable failure.
Option: Reflective stripes
• Key features:
2. Reflective stripe applied
at the surface of a
coloured or black rubber
sheath.
Example of reeling
or trailing dynamic
(mobile) cable, used
as well in surface
mining as in
underground mining
(Type SHD-GC
according to ICEA /
NEMA / MSHA)
Core assembly
lay length
Specially designed for each
application.
Conductors
• Key features:
1. Flexibility and
mechanical strength for
very heavy-duty reeling or
flexing cables.
2. Electrical properties.
• Construction: stranded
tinned or plain
annealed copper wires,
high flexibility
(Class 5 or 6).
Insulation
• Key features:
1. Flexibility and
mechanical strength for
very heavy-duty reeling
or flexing cables.
2. Long lasting insulation
properties > very low
partial discharges
despite repeated
bendings / reelings.
• Construction: polymeric
compounds with superior
properties. Ethylene-
propylene copolymer (EPR)
and terpolymer (EPDM).
Pilot wires
• Key features:
1.Flexibility for the copper
wires.
2. Long lasting insulation
properties and flexibility
for the insulations.
• Construction: generally
class 5 small cross-section
copper wires with rubber
insulation.
• High modulus
polypropylene available.
17
Screens
• Key features:
1. Flexibility and
mechanical strength for
very heavy-duty reeling
or flexing cables for the
metallic elements.
2. Long lasting mechanical
strength for the coloured
nylon twine.
• Construction: helically
applied layer of wires, a
composite textile and tinned
copper wire braid, semi-
conductive elastomer, or a
combination of the latter.
Bedding
• Key features:
1. Flexibility and
mechanical strength for
very heavy-duty reeling
or flexing cables for the
metallic elements
2. Long lasting mechanical
strength strong cohesion
with the conductors, the
eventual anti-torsion
layer and the outer
sheath.
• Construction: extruded
rubber or polyurethane
layer, depending upon the
composition of the outer
sheath.
Surface mining
Sheath
• Key features:
1. Protect the underlying
core assembly from
mechanical, chemical, or
other environmental
damage
2. Long lasting mechanical
strength despite repeated
bending or reeling cycles.
• Construction:
Polychloroprene (PCP),
chlorosulphonated
polyethylene (CSP), or
chlorinated polyethylene
(CPE).
Reinforcement and
anti-torsion layer
• Key features:
1. Strong resistance to
torsion, in order to
protect the integrity of the
insulated power and
control wires
2. Long lasting mechanical
strength despite repeated
bending or reeling
cycles.
• Construction: helically
applied double layer of
synthetic wires.
 Surface mining

Recommended cable types according to applications & standards

Oceania Standards AS /NZS In line with GERMAN Standards VDE South African Standards SABS USA Standards ICEA
Application
MV LV MV LV MV LV MV LV

Type POWERMINE® POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Bucket Wheel Excavator
OLEX® 450 (N)TSCGEWTOEUS (N)SSHOEU 633 & ECC 61 A/B or 41 SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC

POWERMINE® POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Bucket Chain Excavator
(N)TSCGEWTOEUS (N)SSHOEU 633 & ECC 61 A/B or 41 SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Type OLEX® 441 POWERMINE® POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Mobile Transfer Conveyors
& OLEX® 455 (N)TSCGEWTOEUS (N)SHTOEU 633 & ECC 61 A/B or 41 SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Type OLEX® 441 POWERMINE® POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Conveyor Belts
or OLEX® 455 F-(N)TSCGEWOEUS NSSHOEU 633 & ECC 61 A/B or 41 SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Type OLEX® 409,

POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Draglines OLEX® 441
(N)TSCGEWOEUS 633 & ECC 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC
or OLEX® 450

Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand

Drilling devices
OLEX® 409 (N)SHTOEU 61 A/B SHD-GC

Type OLEX® 409, Type

POWERMINE® POWERMINE® Type Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Ground water recovery OLEX® 441 OLEX® 409
TMP-(N)TSWOEU TMP-(N)SHOEU POWERMINE® 63 or 66 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC
or OLEX® 450 or 241

POWERMINE® POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Mobile Crushing Plants Type OLEX® 409
(N)TSCGEWTOEUS NSSHOEU 633 & ECC 61 A/B or 41 SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC

Processing plant Type OLEX® 455,

POWERMINE® POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
conveyor bridge OLEX® 441 or
(N)TSCGEWTOEUS (N)SHTOEU 633 & ECC 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC
on crawlers OLEX® 440
Type OLEX® 455,
POWERMINE® POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Reclaimer Stacker OLEX® 441 or
(N)TSCGEWTOEUS (N)SHTOEU 633 & ECC 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC
OLEX® 440

Type OLEX® 409 POWERMINE® up to Type POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Rope Shovels
or OLEX® 441 (N)TSCGEWTOEUS 633 & ECC 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC

POWERMINE® POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand

Sand dredging
(N)TSCGEWOEUS (N)SSH(C)OEU SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC

POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand

Spreader
(N)TSCGEWTOEUS SHD-GC SHD-GC

Type
TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Pumps OLEX® 409
SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC
or 241

* Full product range : see page 34-39

18 19

Underground mining
In underground mining you
find an array of different
cable needs for both fixed
and mobile installations in
mines where electrification
is the main source of
power. Here the require-
ment covers both fixed and
mobile installations. For
mobile equipment such as
longwall shearers, conti-
nuous miners, and loaders,
Nexans’ POWERMINE®
and TIGER® range of
dynamic cables offers the
necessary flexibility and
durability to meet
operational conditions.
Shafts and galleries are
often unique in design and
construction. Rock quality,
concrete covered wall &
ceiling conditions can often
influence the cable design to
ensure the safe installation of
the cables using either single
point suspension, clamping
points and other installation
methods.
In addition to its dynamic,
static and semi-static range
of cables, Nexans offers its
innovative free hanging
technology for vertical shafts
and expertise in braking
drums, pulleys and other
installation tools.
Another key area for under-
ground mining where
cables are an integral
requirement, are fixed
installations such as shaft
and gallery. Mechanical
properties here are essential
in ensuring the safety of the
workforce.
Nexans’ POWERMINE ® b) round or flat steel wires
and TIGER® range of static
and semi static cables offer
security in construction and
innovative designs.
2 4
20
Underground mining
MV trailing cable with rubber sheath
1. Thermoplastic insulation
2. Thermoplastic sheath 1 and pilot wires
Application examples:
3. Free hanging shaft
technology 3
4. Armouring with various
designs: Cable families examples:
(N)TSCGEWTOEUS, in line
a) steel wires or steel
with German standards (VDE)
tapes for horizontal or SHD-GC (ICEA/NEMA).
gallery cables. See selection table p.36/37
for vertical shafts, up VERTICAL SHAFT
CABLE CLAMPING MV gallery cable with steel braid
to 1500 m depth.
2 and PVC sheath
Application examples:
Cable families examples:
(N)3GHSSYCY, in line with
German standards (VDE)
or MP-GC (ICEA/NEMA)
See selection table p.36/37
3
3 MV shaft cable with PVC sheath
Application examples:
Cable families examples:
(N)3GSEYRRGY, in line with
1
German standards (VDE).
See selection table p.36/37
2
2
4
4 Optical fibre cable
Application examples:
4
1
Cable families examples:
OFE-MZ for mining applications,
acc. to German standards.
See selection table p.36/37
3
REINFORCED PULLEYS
FOR VERTICAL LAYING Remark : for reeling cables, see under Surface
GALLERY CABLES mining (valid for underground mining as well)
21

Static cable : key
features & constructions
For typical static
applications, cross-linked
insulations and thermoplastic
sheaths are generally
specified, as well as semi-
rigid conductors (Class 2).
Depending upon the instal-
lation method and position
of the cable (vertical or
horizontal), it will have to
be more or less strongly
reinforced to withstand
the rough environment or
the challenging installation
technique. For this, different
types of constructions are
used, mainly differing
by the type, size and
resistance of the armour.
The historical evolution of
underground mining has
led to a strong increase of
the vertical shafts depth,
combined with high
requirements in terms
of safety factors.
For example it is often
required that the steel
armour tensile strength must
be 5 times higher than the
cable weight calculated for
the free hanging portion.
These factors can lead to
very high tensile strengths,
up to more than 70 metric
tons (83 short tons).
22
For several decades,
the key objective of all
development programs
has been the continuous
improvement of the reliability
and safety of all cable
designs, both from electrical
requirements perspective,
as from mechanical and
environmental requirements
perspective.
Cable design has evolved
with the development of
better insulation
compounds, sometimes
allowing wall thickness
reductions to reduce the
cable weight, and also
with the introduction of
continuously reinforced
steel qualities, in order to
enhance the safety factor
for the tensile strength of
the cables.
Example of static cable,
used in underground
vertical shafts either with
regular clamping or with
single-point-of-suspension
techniques
(Type (N)3GSEYRRGY, in
line with VDE German
standards)
Conductors
• Key features:
Very good electrical and
mechanical
properties.
• Construction:
Annealed stranded
semi-rigid copper
conductors (Class 2).
Insulation
• Key features:
Long lasting insulation
properties => very low
partial discharges and
good mechanical properties.
• Construction: polyethylene
(XLPE) or Ethylene-Propylene
Rubber (EPR) with inner and
outer semiconductor layers.
Screens
• Key features:
1. Flexibility and good
contact with the ground
wire
2. Long lasting mechanical
strength.
• Construction: helically
applied layer of wires, or
copper tape, sometimes
completed by
semiconductive tapes
underneath.
23
Underground mining
Fillers
Fillers (in the picture),
but can also be replaced by
Ground wires
• Key features:
Long lasting mechanical
stability for the insulations.
• Construction: Generally
class 5 tinned copper
conductors without
insulation.
Bedding
• Key features:
Long lasting mechanical
strength.
• Construction: PVC or PE
sheath, sometimes halogen
free flame retardant
compound required.
Sheath
• Key features:
1. Protect the underlying
core assembly from
mechanical, chemical, or
other environmental
damage.
2. Long lasting mechanical
strength despite rough
environmental conditions
(heat, humidity,…).
• Construction: PVC or PE
sheath, sometimes halogen
free flame retardant
compound required.
Armour
• Key features:
High tensile strength,
and / or very high crush
resistance, allowing to
withstand the important
radial compression linked
either with the laying
technique or with the
clamping method in case of
vertical position.
• Construction: helically
applied double layer of
round or flat steel wires for
vertical cables, simple or
double layer of steel tapes
for horizontally laid cables
or for reduced shaft depths.
 Underground mining

Recommended cable types according to applications & standards

Australian Standards AS / NZS In line with German Standards VDE South African Standards SABS Standards ICEA / NEMA
Application
MV LV MV LV MV LV MV LV

POWERMINE®
N2XCEYRRGY
or N2XCEYFFGY
N2XCEHRRGH
POWERMINE®
Shaft / Shaft sinking AS/NZS 1429.1 or N2XCEHFFGH
(N)TSRLRLWOEUS
(N)3GSEYRRGY
or (N)3GSEHRRGH
(N)3GSEYFFGY
or (N)3GSEHFFGH

OLEX®
POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand
Type 240 or 241 POWERMINE® POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand
Gallery AS/NZS 1429.1 (N)3GHSSYCY SHD-GC
(1100 V) (N)SSH(C)OEU Type 63 or 66 61 A/B SHD-GC, MP-GC
or (N)3GSSHCH MP-GC
(16 to 120 mm²)

OLEX®
OLEX® Type 240 or 241 POWERMINE® POWERMINE® POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Drilling
Type 209 (1100 V) (N)TSCGECWOEUS (N)SSH(C)OEU Type 63 or 66 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC
(16 to 120 mm²)

OLEX® OLEX® POWERMINE® POWERMINE® POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Loader
Type 240 or 241 Type 241 or 275 (N)TSCGECWOEUS (N)SSH(C)OEU Type 63 or 66 61 A/B or 41 SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC

POWERMINE®
OLEX® POWERMINE® POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Coal cutter Longwall (N)SSH(C)OEU
Type 245 (N)TSCGECWOEUS Type 63 or 66 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC
or (N)SSHCGEOEU
OLEX®
POWERMINE®
Type 275 (1100 V) POWERMINE® POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Shuttle Car (N)SSH(C)OEU
(Common sizes 25 (N)TSCGECWOEUS Type 63 or 66 41 SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC
or (N)SSHCGEOEU
and 35 mm²)
OLEX®
POWERMINE®
Type 275 (1100 V) POWERMINE® POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Roof bolter (N)SSH(C)OEU
(Common sizes 25 (N)TSCGECWOEUS Type 63 or 66 41 SHD-GC SHD-GC, W, G-GC
or (N)SSHCGEOEU
and 35 mm²)
POWERMINE®
OLEX® OLEX® POWERMINE® POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Continuous Miner (N)SSH(C)OEU
Type 241 Type 241 (N)TSCGECWOEUS Type 63 or 66 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC
or (N)SSHCGEOEU

POWERMINE®
OLEX® POWERMINE® Type POWERMINE® TIGER® Brand TIGER® Brand
Monorail (N)SSH(C)OEU
Type 241 Superflex Type 63 or 66 61 A/B SHD-GC SHD-GC
or (N)SSHCGEOEU

OLEX® TIGER® Brand

Pumps
Type 409 or 241 SHD-GC

* Full product range : see pages 34-39

24 25

Tunneling
In the past decades
numerous very long tunnel
projects have been
developed in a lot of
countries, mainly for road
or rail traffic and these
long tunnels are often
bored with tunneling
machines whose electrical
powering is ensured by
heavy-duty flexible or semi-
flex cables very similar to
the dynamic mining cables.
For this reason they are
considered as being part
A. Static cables can be
of the same product range.
However their application
can vary from one tunnel
project to another, and both
main categories of cables
as mentioned in the prece-
dent chapters are commonly
used:
26
installed in a fixed
B. Dynamic cables are
manner from the feeding
end of the tunnel to the
interconnection point
with the heavy duty
trailing or reeling
dynamic cable.
Tunneling
systematically connected
3
MV trailing cable with rubber sheath
to the tunneling machine.
1 and pilot wires
Application examples:
VERTICAL SHAFT
CABLE CLAMPING Cable families examples:
SHD-GC, acc. to US standards
(ICEA / NEMA).
See selection table p.36/37
MV trailing cable with rubber sheath
2 Application examples:
Cable families examples:
(N)TSCGEWTOEUS, in line
with German standards (VDE)
or SHD-GC (ICEA / NEMA)
See selection table p.36/37
1 2
1 3 MV gallery cable with steel braid and PVC sheath
Application examples:
2
Cable families examples:
3 (N)3GHSSYCY, in line with
German standards (VDE).
See selection table p.36/37
GALLERY CABLES
GALLERY CABLES
27

Mining infrastructure
and downstream
processing plants
All downstream processes of
the commodities extracted
by the mining industry
require growing capacities
of grinding, crushing,
washing, concentrating,
refining plants, whose
reliability and productivity
is directly linked with their
power and control networks.
For all power, control,
instrumentation,
compensation, earthing,
communication,
supervision and
measurement applications,
Nexans can provide a full
range of cables covering
all common electrical,
mechanical and
environmental
standards.
Mining infrastructure
cables
Construction standards:
There are many cable
design standards in the
industrial sectors, among
these, IEC 60502-1,
IEC 60502-2, BS 5308-1,
BS 5308-2, BS 5467,
BS 6724, BS 6446,
EEMUA 133.
IEC 60502-1 and
IEC 60502-2 - Power cables
with extruded insulation and
their accessories for rated
voltages from 1 kV
(Um=1.2 kV) up to 30 kV
(Um=36 kV).
These international standards
are divided in two different
parts, defining construction,
28
dimensions and test require-
ments of power cables ha-
ving extruded solid
insulation. IEC 60502-1 is
applicable for cables having
voltage ratings from 1 kV
(Um=1.2 kV) up to 3 kV
(Um=3.6 kV), while
IEC 60502-2 defines
construction rules for cables
having voltage ratings from
6 kV (Um=7.2 kV) up to
30 kV (Um=36 kV). These
standards include cables
which exhibit properties of
reduced flame spread, low
levels of smoke emission
and halogen free gas emis-
sion when exposed to fire.
On fire behaviour, flame
spread tests have to be
performed on ST1, ST2 or
SE1 over sheathed cables
only when specially required.
BS 5467 - Electric cables
Thermosetting insulated,
armoured cables for
voltages of 600/1000 V
and 1900/3300 V. This
standard reference defines
construction requirements
and gives test methods for
an armoured cable having
thermosetting insulation.
Cables specified in this
standard are intended for
use in fixed installations in
industrial areas, buildings
and similar applications.
The insulation and other
components are suitable to
permit operation of the
cables at a maximum
sustained conductor
temperature of 90°C and
for a maximum short circuit
conductor temperature of
250°C. Standard BS 6724
defines requirements for
construction and establishes
test methods for armoured
cables having thermosetting
insulation of rated voltages
600/1000 V and
1900/3300 V for production
of lower levels of smoke and
corrosive products when
exposed to fire comparable
with cables complying with
BS 5467.
Standard BS 6346 specifies
requirements for construction
and describes methods of
test for armoured cable with
Mining infrastructure
PVC insulation of rated
voltages 600/1000 V and
1900/3300 V.
MV CABLES
Cables specified in this
standard are intended for
use in fixed installations in
industrial areas, buildings
and similar applications.
LV CABLES
BS5308-1 and BS 5308-2
- Instrumentation cables.
BS 5308-1 standard
describes requirements for
and dimensions of
OPTICAL FIBER CABLES
polyethylene insulated
cables in pairs with or
without screens and
optionally incorporating
single wire armour or lead
sheath with single wire
CONTROL CABLES
armour.
BS 5308-2 standard
describes requirements and
dimensions of PVC insulated
cables, in multicore and
multipair construction, with INSTRUMENTATION CABLES
or without screens and
optionally incorporating
single wire armour.
The insulation of
instrumentation cables is
suitable for operation at
ALLIPHATIC AND AROMATIC
voltages up to 300 V r.m.s. HYDROCARBON RESISTANT CABLES
core to earth and 500 V
r.m.s. core to core.
Instrumentation cables are
not for direct connection to
low impedance sources,
DATA CABLE
e.g. public mains electricity
supply.
29

In all parts of the world, we have dedicated mining experts who can provide the right solutions in terms
of cables and services. They master the development, production, supply and sales of all mining products.
Flexible cables in surface
mines, underground mining,
tunnelling or other handling
systems are exposed to
extreme mechanical
conditions during their
operations. Due to this,
it is not possible to prevent
damages. In order to
avoid high cost during
unscheduled downtime of
the cranes, conveyor belts,
bucket wheel excavator or
any other device, it is
necessary to carry out
immediate, professional
and reliable repairs in case
of damage of the power
cable on site.
Therefore, Nexans offers
an extensive repair and
emergency service
including:
• fault location
• repair of insulation
• inner and outer sheath
repair
• splicing of cables
without increasing
outer diameter
• splicing / repair of optical
fibre elements
30
Repairs
Our key objectives are
high quality products
occuring less repairs and
less downtimes.
In many parts of the world,
Nexans offers a 24/7
Repair and Emergency
Service available via a
dedicated hotline to
provide expert advice,
technical support and
even professional onsite
intervention to avoid break-
downs. We supply quick
repair kits and can even
manage your inventory for
immediate delivery.
Benefits:
• Time and money savings
• Replacement-retrieval-
disposal
• Operational security
Assemblies
Our objectives are
decreased overall costs
and enhanced reliability
for our customers.
To facilitate
on-site assembly,
we professionally
manufacture our cable
assemblies in our plants or
in specialized workshops.
Teams of experienced
handlers assemble cables
and connectors to match
your exact specifications.
Assemblies are built to
perform in your harshest
operating conditions for
surface, underground,
reeling and utility
applications.
Constructions:
• 2 - 35 kV
• Stress cones and fill
• ID labeling
• Pothead assemblies
Training
End users want to facilitate
handling, increase safety,
reduce accidents, extend
cable life.
As a response to your
safety concerns, we
organize continuous
training programs.
In fact we train over 3,500
miners every year. Training
sessions include layout,
cable movement analysis,
installation, splicing and
repair. Training is done on
our premises or by
travelling field engineers
for all shifts to reduce
overtime and resolve
emergencies.
Benefits:
• Improved safety, fewer
accidents
• Quicker installation and
repair
• Prolonged cable life and
reliability
Added value services
Onsite Inspections – Environmental Turnkey capability
MineCable-Safe protection
With our broad range of
You want to monitor cable From the retrieval of wooden dedicated mining cables
wear in the operating delivery drums, to the (energy, data and
environment to prevent replacement of materials specialized applications)
breakdowns. Our (like lead), Life Cycle and our extensive expertise
meticulous MineCable-Safe Assessment, energy in testing, design, enginee-
program concentrates on management, and cable ring, project planning,
improving safety and retrieval-disposal-recycling, installation, logistics, repair
productivity. Nexans is dedicated to and maintenance, Nexans
creating a safer mining can add value at every
After a pre-inspection
environment to benefit level to outfit a complete
review, cables are
workers, the industry and mine cabling solution.
regularly visually checked
the public at large.
and tested for threats, like
excessive bend radius,
tension, and current
overload.
A report includes an over-
view of cable deployment,
safety and productivity
proposals, payback analysis
(to estimate possible
savings), and training
recommendations.
Benefits:
• More equipment uptime
and fewer breakdowns
• Greater productivity for
the mine
• Lower cable costs per
mined ton
31

In the past decade numerous innovations were aimed at strongly improving the visibility and the
identification of the mining cables, and for this several important developments were introduced:
Coloured sheaths
Nexans Chlorinated
Polyethylene (CPE) sheath
provides the physical
performance and strength
needed to resist wear, tear,
abrasion and compression
cuts caused by everyday
mining use.
This tough, durable sheath
is a proven performer in
mines throughout the world.
Nexans’ engineered cable
construction includes a
taped core with fillers or
integral filled and tandem
extrusion of the sheath
layers. Two-pass sheaths,
extruded in tandem, yield
an inseparable bond
between the layers.
Integral filling of the cable
core reduces torsion-
induced damage.
Nexans CPE colored sheaths
have the identical physical
properties of our standard
black sheath. These high
visibility cables can
improve mine safety by
providing easy circuit
identification.
TPU Jackets
CPE Colours
32
Colour stripes
Nexans provides additional
colour combinations by
vulcanising a contrasting
coloured stripe into the
sheath of our round CPE
cables. Shown below are
a few examples of the
many possible sheath /
stripe combinations.
Consult with your Nexans
specialists for a complete
list of available stripe options.
Stripe options
Reflective stripes
Nexans reflective Stripes
can extend cable life by
reducing run-overs in low
visibility situations and
improve mine safety by
providing easier visual
circuit identification.
For this 2 options exist in
Nexans product range:
A/ Reflective stripes directly
incorporated at the
surface of CPE sheaths
(TIGER® Brand types with
high class mold
curing system).
B/ Reflective tapes applied
underneath the outer
sheath thanks to a
patented transparent
polyurethane
(TPU) outer layer.
A B
Innovations
Shaft cables
More and more underground mines reach depths greater than 1 km, and the design, laying techniques and
clamping solutions for vertical shaft cables have strongly evolved in the past decades.. Nowadays, almost every new
high depth shaft needs a customised solution to cope with the transported power, and its corresponding voltage level
and cable cross-section, with the shaft dimension and design (concrete-lined shafts or not) and with the fixture system
required.
Fundamentally we during the whole life time
• Enable a safe construction Nexans can supply these
distinguish between: of the cable installation.
of the anchoring device engineering studies as
In most standardization
• Clamped cables with at the top of the shaft, well as the customized
systems the safety factor
regular clamping inter- device which is fixed on cable design for every:
between the guaranteed
vals (typically 5 to 10 the cable at the end of
• Shaft depth between
tensile strength of the the production in the
meters), where the 10 and 1’500 meters.
cable and the free cable plant.
highest tensile load
hanging length is 5. • Voltage level between
applied to the cable is • Install the cable with its
6 and 35 kV.
only effective during the For this reason, detailed anchoring device either
laying operation. engineering studies are • Cross-section between
with a bottom-up pulling,
necessary to determine top-down lowering or 120 and 500 mm2.
• Single-Point-of-Suspension
the right design and making attachments to
cables (SPS) implies a • Laying method.
construction of the cable the shaft wall as the reel
single attachment point at
armour, in order to: • Clamping or
the top of the shaft. is being lowered.
SPS-anchoring methods.
Here the tensile load of • Guarantee the necessary
the cable is applied safety factor.
Example: Shaft cable with double round steel wire
armour for typical shaft depths up to 800 meters and
with double flat steel wire armour for high depth shafts
(up to 1’500m).
33
 Appendix

Mining & Tunneling cables : by standard & voltage level

Medium voltage cables 1/2

Construction Construction Typical Application

Conductors

UG shearer (Cable
(fixed installation)
Fixed Application

(Cylindrical reels)
Conductor T° in C°

protection chain)
Ground or earth
Standards

OP Excavators /
Dragline trailing
Pilot or Ground

Reeling (Mono

Belt conveyor
Underground

Free trailing
spiral reels)
Standard /

check wire
Insulation

(hanging)

Tunneling
operation
Designation

Surface

Reeling
Voltage

wires
Specification

Max.
Nr Cross section range Material Class Screen Sheath reinforcement Outer sheath
level

G-GC ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 6 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Cotton- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPE
G ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 6 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Cotton- CuSn Braid - - - CPE
SHD-CGC 3/C ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - - - CPE
SHD-GC 3/C CPE ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 6 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPE
SHD-GC 3/C TPU ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 6 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - TPU
SHD-PGC 3/C Longwall ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 5 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 - CPE
SHD-GC 3/C CPE ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 8 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPE
SHD-GC 3/C TPU ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 8 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - TPU
SHD-GC 3/C CPE ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 15 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPE
US

SHD-GC 3/C TPU ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 15 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - TPU
SHD-GC 3/C CPE ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 1 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 25 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPE
SHD-GC 3/C TPU ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 1 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 25 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - TPU
MP-GC 3/C CPE ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 2 EPR 90 5 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - CPE
MP-GC 3/C CPE ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 2 EPR 90 8 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - CPE
MP-GC 3/C CPE ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2 AWG to 500kcmil Plain Cu 2 EPR 90 15 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - CPE
MP-GC 3/C PVC ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 5 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - PVC
MP-GC 3/C PVC ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 4 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 8 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - PVC
MP-GC 3/C PVC ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2 AWG to 500 kcmil Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 15 kV Semicon + Cu tape 2 1 - PVC
N2XCEYRRGY / N2XCEHRRGH VDE 0276-620 1 120 - 185mm2 Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 20/35 kV Cu Wires - - Steel wires + tape PVC or HFFR
N2XCEYFFGY / N2XCEHFFGH VDE 0276-620 & 0271 1 120 - 185mm3 Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 20/35 kV Cu Wires - - Flat Steel wires x 2 PVC or HFFR
(N)3GSEHFGH ( RG7H1OM1FNM1) VDE 0276-620 & 0271 3 240 to 400 mm2 Plain Cu 2 EPR 90 6/10 kV Cu Wires - - Flat steel wires HFFR
(N)3GSEYBY ( RG7H1ONR) VDE 0276-620 & 0271 3 240 to 400 mm2 Plain Cu 2 EPR 90 6/10 kV Cu Wires - - Steel tapes PVC
N2XCEYFFGY VDE 0276-620 & 0271 1 95 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 6/10 kV Cu Wires - - Flat steel wires PVC
(N)3GSEYRRGY / (N)3GSEGRRGH VDE 0276-620 & 0271 3 120 - 185mm2 Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 20/35 kV Cu Wires - - Steel wires + tape PVC or HFFR
(N)3GSEYFFGY / (N)3GSEGFFGH VDE 0276-620 & 0271 3 120 - 185mm2 Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 20/35 kV Cu Wires - - Steel wires + tape PVC or HFFR
NYHSSYCY VDE0250-212 3 25 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 PVC 90 3.6/6 kV Cu wires - 3 Galv. SW Braid PVC
(RS)(N)3GHSSYCY VDE0250-605 3 25 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 6/10 kV Cu wires - 3 Galv. SW Braid PVC
(RS)(N)3GHSSYCY VDE0250-605 3 35 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 12/20 kV Cu wires - 3 Galv. SW Braid PVC
NTMCGCWOEUS VDE0250-812 1 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 6/10 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPE
NTMCGCWOEUS VDE0250-812 1 25 to 800 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 12/20 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPE
German

NTMCGCWOEUS VDE0250-812 1 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 18/30 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPE
(RS)F-(N)TSCGEWOEUS VDE0250-813 3 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 6/10 kV CuSn Wires 3 - - CPE
(RS)F-(N)TSCGEWOEUS VDE0250-813 3 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 12/20 kV CuSn Wires 3 - - CPE
(RS)F-(N)TSCGEWOEUS VDE0250-813 3 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 18/30 kV CuSn Wires 3 - - CPE
(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS VDE0250-813 3 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 6/10 kV CuSn Wires 3 - Synthetic threads PCP
(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS VDE0250-813 3 35 to 300 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 12/20 kV CuSn Wires 3 - Synthetic threads PCP
(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS VDE0250-813 3 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 18/30 kV CuSn Wires 3 - Synthetic threads PCP
(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS-OFE VDE0250-813 3 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 6/10 kV CuSn Wires 2 - Synthetic threads PCP
(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS-OFE VDE0250-813 3 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 12/20 kV CuSn Wires 2 - Synthetic threads PCP
(RTS)R-(N)TSCGEWTOEUS-OFE VDE0250-813 3 35 to 240 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 18/30 kV CuSn Wires 2 - Synthetic threads PCP
(RS)TMP-(N)SHOEU VDE 0250-812 3 35 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 1.8/3 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPE
(RS)TMP-(N)SHOEU VDE 0250-812 3 50 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 3.6/6 kV CuSn Wires - - - CPE
(RS)TMP-(N)TSWOEU VDE 0250-813 3 50 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 1.8/3 kV - - - - CPE
(RS)TMP-(N) TSWOEU VDE 0250-813 3 50 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 3.6/6 kV - - - - CPE
Type 63 SANS 1520-1 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV CuSn Wires - 3 Synthetic threads CPE
Type 66 / ( Type 66 ECC) SANS 1520-2 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 3.8/6.6 kV CuSn Wires -1 3 Synthetic threads CPE
Sans

Type 611 / (Type 611 ECC) SANS 1520-2 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 6.35/11kV CuSn Wires -1 3 Synthetic threads CPE
Type 633 / (Type 633 ECC) SANS 1520-2 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV CuSn Wires -1 3 Synthetic threads CPE

Recommended application

Possible, but not optimum

Not applicable

34 35
 Appendix

Mining & Tunneling cables : by standard & voltage level

Medium voltage cables 2/2

Construction Construction Typical Application

Conductors

UG shearer (Cable
(fixed installation)
Fixed Application

(Cylindrical reels)
Conductor T° in C°

protection chain)
Ground or earth
Standards

OP Excavators /
Dragline trailing
Pilot or Ground

Reeling (Mono

Belt conveyor
Underground

Free trailing
spiral reels)
Standard /

check wire
Insulation

(hanging)

Tunneling
operation
Designation

Surface

Reeling
Voltage Outer

wires
Specification

Max.
Nr Cross section range Material Class Screen Sheath reinforcement
level sheath

Type 209.3 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 3.3kV Composite braid - 1 - PCP
Type 209.6 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 6.6kV Composite braid - 1 - PCP
Type 209.11 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 11 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCP
Type 240.3 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 3.3 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCP
Type 240.6 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 6.6 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCP
Type 240.11 AS/NZS 1802 3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 11 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCP
Type 241.3 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 3.3 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 241.6 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 6.6 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 241.11 AS/NZS 1802 3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 11 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 245.3 AS/NZS 1802 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 6 EPR 90 3.3 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 3 Open weave braid PCP
Type 245.6 AS/NZS 1802 3 50 to 150 mm2 Tinned Cu 6 EPR 90 6.6 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 3 Open weave braid PCP
Type 275.1 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 50 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 409.3 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 3.3 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCP
Type 409.6 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 6.6 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCP
Type 409.11 AS/NZS 2802 3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 11 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCP
Type 409.22 AS/NZS 2802 3 35 to 70 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 22 kV Composite braid - 1 - PCP
Type 440.3 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5*
Australian

EPR 90 3.3 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCP

Type 440.6 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 6.6 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCP
Type 440.11 AS/NZS 2802 3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 11 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCP
Type 440.22 AS/NZS 2802 3 35 to 50 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 22 kV Composite braid - 3 - PCP
Type 441.3 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 3.3 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 441.6 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 6.6 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 441.11 AS/NZS 2802 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 11 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 441.22 AS/NZS 2802 3 35 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 22 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 450.3 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 3.3 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 450.6 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 6.6 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 450.11 AS/NZS 2802 3 25 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 11 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 450.22 AS/NZS 2802 3 35 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 22 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 450.33 AS/NZS 2802 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 33 kV Composite braid 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 455.3 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 3.3 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 455.6 AS/NZS 2802 3 16 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 6.6 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 455.11 AS/NZS 2802 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 11 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 455.22 AS/NZS 2802 3 35 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 22 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 455.33 AS/NZS 2802 3 50 to 150 mm2 Tinned Cu 5* EPR 90 33 kV Semiconductive Rubber 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
MV shaft & gallery cable AS/NZS 1429 1 16 to 1200 mm2 Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 3.3 to 33 kV Plain Cu wire 0 0 - PVC
MV shaft & gallery cable AS/NZS 1429 3 16 to 500 mm2 Plain Cu 2 XLPE 90 3.3 to 33 kV Plain Cu wire 0 0 SWA or DWA PVC
Type AM3T7S MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPE
Type AM3T7SMOD MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3** Synth. yarns CPE
Type AM3T7 MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPE
Chinese

Type AM3T7M MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPE
Type AM3T31 MA003-2010 3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.9/3.3 kV Bronze Braid 3 - Synth. yarns CPE
Type 241 MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1 & 3.3 kV Semicon. elastomer 3 1 - CPE
Type 245.3 MA003-2010 3 25 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 3.3 kV Semicon. elastomer 1 3 - CPE
Type AM15TMPF MA003-2010 3 35 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 15 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 2 1 - CPE
Type AM10TMPF MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 10 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 1 - CPE

* Indicates that the Conductor is Class 5 up to and including 50 mm2. Recommended application
Larger conductor sizes can be Class 5, but are normally made with a different wire and construction.
** Shielded Possible, but not optimum

Not applicable

36 37
 Appendix

Mining & Tunneling cables

Low voltage cables

Construction Construction Typical Application

Conductors

UG shearer (Cable
(fixed installation)
Fixed Application

(Cylindrical reels)
Conductor T° in C°

protection chain)
Ground or earth
Standards

OP Excavators /
Dragline trailing
Pilot or Ground

Reeling (Mono

Belt conveyor
underground

Free trailing
spiral reels)
Standard /

check wire
Insulation

(hanging)

Tunneling
operation
Designation

Surface

Reeling

Pumps
Voltage Outer

wires
Specification

Max.
Nr Cross section range Material Class Screen Sheath reinforcement
level sheath

W flat 2/C ICEA S

75-381 / NEMA WC-58 2 8 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV - - - Synthetic yarns CPE
W flat 4/C ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 4 6 AWG to 1 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV - - - Synthetic yarns CPE
G flat 2/C ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 2 6 AWG to 2/0 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV - 1 - Synthetic yarns CPE
G-GC flat 3/C ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 6 AWG to 1 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV - 1 1 Synthetic yarns CPE
W Round 3/C ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 8 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV - - - - CPE
W Round 4/C ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 4 8 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV - - - - CPE
US Standards

G-GC Round 3/C ICEA S

75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 8 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV - 2 1 - CPE
SHD-GC 3/C CPE ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 6 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 2 1 - CPE
SHD-GC 3/C TPU ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 6 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 2 1 - TPU
SHD-PGC Longwall ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2/0 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 1 3 - CPE
SHD-CGC 3/C ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2/0 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 3 1 - CPE
SHD Flat 3/C ICEA S
75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2/0 AWG to 350 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV Cotton- Tinned Cu Braid 3 1 - CPE
Flexible Power Cable DLO EP/CPE MSHA P-184 1 14 AWG to 1111 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2 kV - - - - CPE
VFD Power Cable Shielded ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 2 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2 kV - 3 (1-3) Tinned Cu braid + Al tape CPE
G ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 3 8 AWG to 500 kcmil Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV Tinned Cu Braid - - - CPE
Drilling Mast cable ICEA S 75-381 / NEMA WC-58 2 8 AWG to 4/0 AWG Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 2kV - 1 2-4 - CPE
(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU VDE 0250-812 1 35 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen - - - CPE
(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU VDE 0250-812 3 1.5 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen - - - CPE
(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU VDE 0250-812 4 1.5 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen - - - CPE
German Standards

(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU VDE 0250-812 5-24 1.5 to 35 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen - - - CPE
(RS)TMP-(N)SH(C)OEU VDE 0250-812 3 50 to 120 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen 3 - - CPE
(N)SSH(C)OEU VDE 0250-812 3-10 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Option : (C)=Tinned Cu screen 3 - - CPE
(N)SSHOEU-O/J VDE 0250-812 1 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Tinned Cu Wires 3 - - CPE
(N)SSHOEU-O/J VDE 0250-812 3 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Tinned Cu Wires 3 - - CPE
(N)SSHOEU-O/J VDE 0250-812 4 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Tinned Cu Wires 3 - - CPE
(N)SSHOEU-O/J VDE 0250-812 5 2.5 to 185 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV Tinned Cu Wires 3 - - CPE
(N)SHTOEU-J VDE 0250-814 3 25 to 95 mm2 Plain Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV - 1 - Synthetic threads PCP
NSSHCGEOEU-V VDE 0250-812 3 16 to 95 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV - 1 3 Galv. Steel & Cu strands layer CPE
NSSHCGEOEU-Z VDE 0250-812 3 6 to 150 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.6/1.0 kV - 1 3 Galv. Steel & Cu strands braid CPE
Type AM1T7S MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPE
German Standards

Type AM1T7SMOD MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Nylon – Tinned Cu braid 1 3** Synth. yarns CPE
Type AM1T7 MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 1 Synth. yarns CPE
Type AM1T7M MA003-2010 3 50 to 185 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 1 Synth. yarns CPE
Type AM1T11 MA003-2010 3 6 to 25 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 1 Synth. yarns CPE
Type AM1T41 MA003-2010 3 6 to 25 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid - 3 Synth. yarns CPE
Type AMSA41 MA003-2010 3 6 to 25 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 1 3 Synth. yarns CPE
Type 275 MA003-2010 3 16 to 50 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1 kV Hybrid Nylon- CuSn Braid 3 1 - CPE
Type 41 SANS 1520-2 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV - 1 3 Synthetic threads braid CPE
SANS

Type 61A SANS 1520-2 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV - 1 3 Synthetic threads braid CPE
Type 61B SANS 1520-2 3 25 to 240 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 0.64/1.1 kV - 1 3 Synthetic threads braid CPE
Type 209.1 AS/NZS 1802 3 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 1 3 - PCP
Australian Standards

Type 210 AS/NZS 1802 3 1.5 & 2.5 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 1 3 - PCP
Type 275 AS/NZS 1802 3 16 to 50 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 240.1 AS/NZS 1802 3 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - - 3 - PCP
Type 241.1 AS/NZS 1802 3 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 3 1 Open weave braid PCP
Type 245.1 AS/NZS 1802 3 50 to 150 mm2 Tinned Cu 5 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 1 3 Open weave braid PCP
Type 409.1 AS/NZS 1802 3 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 2 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - - 1 - PCP
Type 440 AS/NZS 1802 3 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 2 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - - 3 - PCP
Type 441 AS/NZS 1802 3 6 to 300 mm2 Tinned Cu 2 EPR 90 1.1/1.1 kV - 1 3 Open weave braid PCP

** Shielded Recommended application

Possible, but not optimum

Not applicable

38 39

Glossary
A mining operations. What sets
• Al: Symbol for aluminum.
• AMSL: Above mean sea level
(meters).
• ANSI: American National
Standards Institute.
• AS: Australian Standard
• AS/NZS: Australian and New
Zealand Standard.
• ASTM: American Society for
Testing and Materials.
• Auger: A rotary drill that uses a
screw device to penetrate,
break, and then transport the
drilled material (coal).
• AWG: American Wire Gauge:
American size scale for wiring
and cables, also known as B&S
(Brown and Sharpe) Wire
Gauge.
B • CM: Circular Mil: area of a
• Bituminous coal: BA middle
rank coal (between
subbituminous and anthracite)
formed by additional pressure
and heat on lignite. Usually has
a high Btu value and may be
referred to as « soft coal ».
• BSI: British Standards Institution.
• Bucket chain excavator:
Characteristic for a Bucket
Chain Excavator are the bucket
chain, the superstructure with
counterweight boom/platform,
the sub-structure with rail or
crawler track undercarriage.
A transfer boom is necessary
only for block operation.
• Bucket wheel excavator:
Bucket-wheel excavators
(BWEs) are heavy equipment
used in surface mining. The pri
mary function of BWEs is to act
as a continuous digging
machine in largescale open pit
BWEs apart from other large-
scale mining equipment, such
as bucket chain excavators, is
their use of a large wheel
consisting of a continuous
pattern of buckets used to
scoop material as the wheel
turns. They are among the
largest vehicles ever
constructed, and the biggest
bucket-wheel excavator ever
built, Bagger 293, is the largest
terrestrial (land) vehicle in
human history according to the
Guinness Book of World
Records.
C bucket and hoist-coupler
• CEI (lEC): Commission
Electrotechnique Internationale:
French name for the
International Electrotechnical
Commission.
wire with a diameter of 0,001
of an inch.
• Continuous miner: A machine
that constantly extracts coal
while it loads it. This is to be
distinguished from a
conventional, or cyclic, unit
which must stop the extraction
process in order for loading to
commence.
• CPE: Polyethylene Chloride:
a synthetic rubber jacketing
compound.
• CSA: Canadian Standard
Association: Canadian
institution for the certification of
electrical and electronic
equipment in accordance with
the standards published by
them.
• Cu: Symbol for copper.
• CuSn: Symbol which denotes
tinned copper.
40
• CV: Continuous Vulcanization:
vulcanization process on
production line with extrusion.
D Safety Code.
• DIN: German Institute of
Standards.
• Dragline: bucket system
consists of a large bucket
which is suspended from a
boom (a large truss-like
structure) with wire ropes.
The bucket is manoeuvered by
means of a number of ropes
and chains. The hoist rope,
powered by large diesel or
electric motors, supports the
assembly from the boom. The
dragrope is used to draw the
bucket assembly horizontally.
By skillful manoeuvre of the hoist
and the dragropes the bucket is
controlled for various
operations.
• Drilling device: is a machine
which creates holes in the
ground. Drilling rigs can be
massive structures housing
equipment used to drill water,
oil, or natural gas extraction
wells, or they can be small
enough to be moved manually
by one person and are called
augers. Drilling rigs can be
mobile equipment mounted on
trucks, tracks or trailers. The
term «rig» therefore generally
refers to the complex of
equipment that is used to
penetrate the surface of the
Earth’s crust.
E and direct dumping onto the pit
• EIA: Electronic Industries
Association.
• EPR: Ethylene Propylene
Rubber.
G • IEEE: Institute of Electrical and
• G: Ground: flexible mine cable
with grounding conductors.
• Gallery: a mine shaft or tunnel
used for accessing the zone
where mineral is being mined.
• G-GC: Ground-Ground Check:
flexible mine cable, with
grounding conductors and an
insulated conductor to verify the
continuity of the ground
conductors.
• Ground water recovery:
recovery of fresh water found
beneath the Earth’s surface,
usually in aquifers, which is
often used for supplying wells
and springs. Because ground
water is a major source of
drinking water there is growing
concern over areas where
leaching agricultural or
industrial pollutants or
substances from leaking under
ground storage tanks are
contaminating ground water.
H and sidewalk maintenance to
• HDPE: High-Density
Polyethylene.
• Hz: Hertz.
I
• IACS: International Annealed
Copper Standard: international
standard for copper conductivity
(same as 100% for electrolytic
reheated copper).
• ICEA: Insulated Cable
Engineers Association: current
name of the IPCEA (Power),
American association for the
standardization of electrical
conductors.
• lEC: International Electrotechnical
Commission: international
organization in charge of the
standardization of electrical
producers.
Electronic Engineers: primary
global association of engineers
specializing in electricity,
electronics and related fields.
• ISO: International Standards
Organization.
K metallic covering, or corrugated
• Kcmil: kiloCircularMil: area unit
in the North American system of
sizes of electrical conductors,
equal to 1 000 circular mils
(CM). Previously known as
MCM.
• KV: kiloVolt: unit of
measurement of electric voltage
equal to 1 000 volts.
L (MTC) are « multi use »
• LDPE: Low-Density Polyethylene.
• Loader: A loader (bucket
loader, front loader, frontend
loader, payloader, scoop,
shovel, skip loader, or wheel
loader) is a heavy equipment
machine used in construction
move aside or load materials
such as asphalt, demolition
debris, dirt, snow, feed, gravel,
logs, raw minerals, recycled
material, rock, sand, wood
chips, etc. into or onto another
type of machinery (such as a
dump truck, conveyor belt,
feed-hopper, or railroad car).
• Longwall: One of three major
underground coal mining
methods currently in use.
Employs a steal plow, or
rotation drum, which is pulled
mechanically back and forth
across a face of coal that is
usually several hundred feet
long. The loosened coal falls
onto a conveyor for removal
from the mine.
• LS: Low Smoke: marking of
cables which prevent the
propagation of fire, reducing
emission of smoke and halogen
acid gas.
M
• MC: Metal Clad: cable
reinforced with an interlocked
tube.
• MESA: Mine Enforcement
Safety Act: Council on Safety
and Hygiene for the mining
industry.
• MIL: North America Military
Standard.
• Mobile transfer conveyors:
Mobile Transfer Conveyors
equipment in open pits.
Determined by operational
requirements, the design can be
distinguished in fully mobile and
semi mobile, self driven or not,
one or two single conveyors,
lifting, luffing and slewing of
no, one or both conveyors.
Mobile Transfer Conveyors are
installed between Bucket
Wheel/Chain Excavators and
the shiftable bench conveyor
allowing multi block and multi
bench operations to increase
the block width and the block
height. Thus, increasing the time
between two shifting operations
of the bench conveyor – results
in a higher utilization of the
mining system. Mobile Transfer
Conveyors are used also as a
combination of transfer
conveyor to the bench conveyor
floor in coal seems with
interburden layers. Grasshopper
style Mobile Transfer Conveyors
installed as a chain like one
connected to the other are part
of waste dumping and Heap
Leach Systems.
41
• Mobile crushing plants:
Designed for on-site recycling of
construction waste such as
concrete debris, stones,
damaged soil and felled trees
for reuse as construction
materials. Mobile crushers are
also used for crushing stones at
quarry sites.
• Monorail: The monorail cars
travel along overhead railings.
Monorails are particularly
designed for the transport of
men and material in branched
underground mining operations.
• MP: Mine Power Feeder
Cable: mine feeder cable with
three-phase conductors and
three ground conductors.
• MP-GC: MP-Ground Check:
MP with an insulated conductor
to verify the continuity of the
ground conductors.
• MSHA: Mine Safety and
Health Administration: North
American branch dealing with
safety and hygiene in the
mining industry.
• MT: Medium Voltage Cable:
cables with solid insulation for
voltages of 2 001 to 35,000
volts.
N
• NEC: National Electrical Code:
General standards governing
electrical products and
installations published by NFPA
following the guidelines of the
OSHA.
• NEMA: National Electrical
Manufacturers Association:
Association of manufacturers of
electrical equipment, supporting
standardization and
manufacturing technologies.
• Neoprene: or Polychloroprene,
a synthetic rubber used as
Appendix
insulation and outer jacket for
flexible cables.
• NESC: National Electrical
• NFPA: National Fire Protection
Association: North American
association for fire safety,
responsible for the NEC
publication.
• NM: Non-Metallic Sheathed
Cable: Insulated conductors
with non-metallic outer jacket
resistant to humidity, and fire-
retardant; suggested for dry
atmospheres.
P
• PCG: Portable Cable Control
and Ground Conductors:
flexible cable for shafts with
control conductors and for
grounding, 2,000 volts.
• PCP: Polychloroprene
• PG: Portable Cable Ground
Conductor: flexible cable for
shafts with phase conductors
and for grounding, 2 000 volts.
• Psi: Pounds per square inch.
• Pumps: Water is a constant
threat to mining, whether it
enters a mine through infiltration
or comes from a storm. Mine
operators must be able to
manage the water where it is
known to exist and quickly
alleviate the problems
associated with it when it rises
unexpectedly. Mine dewatering
pumps generally need to pump
water horizontally-from a
smaller sump to a larger
sump or vertically from the
bottom of the pit up to the
elevation of the mine, and then
horizontally to a discharge
point. The pumps most
commonly found in mine
operations include vertical
Glossary
turbine pumps, electric and
hydraulic submersible pumps,
horizontal multistage centrifugal
pumps and horizontal single-
stage centrifugal pumps.
• PVC: Polyvinyl Chloride,
a compound widely used for
insulation and outer jacket.
R technique for fishing for certain
• Reclaimer, Stacker: A stacker is
a large machine used in bulk
material handling. Its function is
to pile bulk ores on to a stock-
pile. A reclaimer can be used
to recover the material. Stackers
are nominally rated for capacity
in tonnes per hour (tph). They
normally travel on a rail
between stockpiles in the stock-
yard. A stacker can usually
move in at least two directions:
horizontally along the rail and
vertically by luffing (raising and
lowering) its boom. Some
stackers can rotate the boom.
This allows a single stacker to
form two stockpiles, one on
either side of the conveyor.
• Roof bolter: machine installing
long steel bolt driven into the
roof of underground excavations
to support the roof, preventing
and limiting the extent of roof
falls. The unit consists of the bolt
(up to 4 feet long), steel plate,
expansion shell, and pal nut.
The use of roof bolts eliminates
the need for timbering by
fastening together, or
« laminating » several weaker
layers of roof strata to build a
« beam ».
S • Spreader: Spreaders are
• Sand dredging: Dredging is an
excavation activity or operation
usually carried out at least
partly underwater, in shallow
seas or fresh water areas with
the purpose of gathering up
bottom sediments and disposing
of them at a different location.
This technique is often used to
• SHD-GC: SHD-Ground Check:
keep waterways navigable. It is
also used as a way to replenish
sand on some public beaches,
where sand has been lost
because of coastal erosion.
Dredging is also used as a
• Shovels: normally consist of a
species of edible clams and
crabs, see fishing dredge. A
dredger (or “dredge” as is the
general usage in the Americas)
is any device, machine, or
vessel that is used to excavate
and remove material from the
bottom of a body of water. For
example, a scoop attached to
the end of a rope or pole by
which a man can draw
sediments up from the bottom of
a pond is a dredger.
Developing this idea further, a
motorized crane equipped with
a drag bucket or clamshell
(grabber) that is used to scoop
material from the bottom of a
• Shuttle-car: A self-discharging
body of water is also a
dredger. The crane could be
located on the bank, or
perhaps mounted on a barge.
If the crane is mounted on a
barge, the entire vessel is
referred to as a dredger
• SH: Shielded Mining Cable
• SIC: Specific Inductive
Single Conductor: flexible
monopolar cable mines with
screen and outer jacket, for
heavy use.
• Shaft / Shaft sinking: Shaft
mining or shaft sinking refers to
the method of excavating a
vertical or near-vertical tunnel
from the top down, where there
is initially no access to the
bottom.
• SHD: Shielded Mining Cable
with Ground Conductors: three-
phase flexible cable for mines
42
with screen and grounding T
conductors.
• TW: Thermoplastic Building
Wire Moisture (Water)
SHD with an insulated Resistant: Wire or cable
conductor for the circuit of insulated with PVC resistant to
grounding connection continuity humidity 60°. 600 volts.
testing, and two ground
U
conductors.
• Underground drilling:
Underground drilling rigs for
revolving deck with a power
mine shafts are special shaft
plant, driving and controlling
sinking equipment to drill blast
mechanisms, usually a
holes for construction of shaft
counterweight, and a front
mine.
attachment, such as a crane
(« boom ») which supports a V
handle (« dipper » or « dipper
• V: Volt: unit utilized to describe
stick ») with a digger
electrical voltage.
(« bucket ») at the end.
« Dipper » is also sometimes • VA: Volt Ampere: external
used to refer to the handle and power unit for transformers.
digger combined.
• VDE: Verband Deutscher
The machinery is mounted on a
Elektrotechniker: German
base platform with tracks or
Association of Electrical
wheels. Modern bucket
Engineers.
capacities range from 8 m3 to
nearly 80 m3. W
• W: Flexible cables for mines:
truck, generally with rubber tires one or several conductors with
or caterpillar-type treads, used elastomeric insulation and outer
for receiving coal from the jacket for extra heavy use.
loading or mining machine and
X
transferring it to an underground
loading point, mine railway or • XLPE: Cross (X)-Linked
belt conveyor system. Polyethylene: cross-linked
polyethylene, also known as
vulcanized polyethylene of XLP.
Capacity: dielectric constant of
a material, which is the relation
existing between a condenser
with the material as the
dielectric, and the same
condenser with air as the
dielectric.
mobile, continuous operating
dumping machines receiving
the material from the shiftable
dump bench conveyor via a
tripper car or from Mobile
Transfer Conveyors.
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