A6yf G0 2000 ST Des 0001 - Q

BHP Billiton A6YF-G0-2000-ST-DES-0001
SGO Project Revision Q, 11 Feb 2015

Contract: A6YF Page 2 of 45
Structural Design Criteria
Register of Reviews
Rev No. Date Description
Q 11 Feb 2016 Issued for Definition Phase Study

P 03 Dec 2015 Issued for Definition Phase Study
B 18 Nov 2015 Issued for Client Review
A 16 Oct 2015 Issued for Internal Review
Structural
Contents
1.GENERAL ................................................................................................................................. 6
1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.2 Site Conditions ................................................................................................................ 6
1.3 Codes and standards...................................................................................................... 7
A. ACI American Concrete Institute ............................................................................. 7
B. AISC American Institute of Steel Construction ....................................................... 7
C. International Code Council ...................................................................................... 7
D. American Petroleum Institute (API) ........................................................................ 8
E. ASCE/SEI American Society for Civil Engineers/ Structural Engineering
Institute ............................................................................................................................ 8
F. ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ................................................ 8
G. Instituto Nacional Normalización INN, Chile: ......................................................... 9
H. AWS American Welding Society........................................................................... 10
I. AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Officials .......................................................................................................................... 11
J. AISE Association of Iron and Steel Engineers ..................................................... 11
K. U.S. Department of Labor ..................................................................................... 11
L. Owner Standards ................................................................................................... 11
M. Other Codes and Specifications............................................................................ 11
1.4 Projects Documents...................................................................................................... 12
A. Project documents: ................................................................................................ 12
B. Site Information: ..................................................................................................... 13
2. REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................... 14
2.1 Units .............................................................................................................................. 14
2.2 Language ......................................................................................................................14
2.3 Drawings ....................................................................................................................... 14
2.4 Design Philosophy ........................................................................................................ 14
2.5 Design loads .................................................................................................................14
A. DEAD LOADS (D) ................................................................................................. 14
B. EQUIPMENTS LOADS (De) AND OPERATING LOADS (Do) ........................... 15
Structural

C. MAXIMUM OPERATION LOADS (Lo) ................................................................. 16
D. TEST LOADS (TE) ................................................................................................ 16
E. LIVE LOADS (L) .................................................................................................... 16
F. SNOW LOADS (S)................................................................................................. 18
G. WIND LOADS (W)................................................................................................. 18
H. SEISMIC LOADS (E) ............................................................................................ 18
I. CRANE LOADS (G & Gi) AND IMPACT LOADS (Vi) .......................................... 19
J. LOADS OF VIBRATORY EQUIPMENT ............................................................... 20
K. ERECTION LOADS (C) ........................................................................................ 21
L. RAIN LOADS (R) ................................................................................................... 21
M. FRICTION LOADS (F)........................................................................................... 21
N. THERMAL EXPANSION LOADS (T) ................................................................... 22
O. CONVEYOR LOADS ............................................................................................ 22
P. OTHER LOADS ..................................................................................................... 23
Q. TRAFFIC LOADS .................................................................................................. 23
R. SOIL LATERAL LOADS(H) .................................................................................. 23
2.6 Basic Load combinations.............................................................................................. 23
A. Steel Design........................................................................................................... 23
B. Foundations Design............................................................................................... 24
C. Reinforced Concrete Design ................................................................................. 24
2.7 Deflections..................................................................................................................... 24
2.8 Foundations ..................................................................................................................26
2.9 Bottom Supported Tanks .............................................................................................. 27
2.10 Steel Structures ......................................................................................................... 27
2.11 Concrete Structures................................................................................................... 28
2.12 Water Retaining Structures ....................................................................................... 28
3. Construction Materials .................................................................................................. 29
3.1 Structural Steel.............................................................................................................. 29
3.2 Structural Steel Connections ........................................................................................ 30
3.3 Grating........................................................................................................................... 31
3.4 Checkered Plates ......................................................................................................... 31
3.5 Anchor Bolts ..................................................................................................................31
Structural

3.6 Railings .......................................................................................................................... 32
3.7 Concrete ........................................................................................................................ 33
3.8 Reinforcing steel ........................................................................................................... 33
3.9 Welded wire fabric ........................................................................................................ 34
3.10 Reinforcing Fibre ....................................................................................................... 34
3.11 Concrete Masonry ..................................................................................................... 34
3.12 Grout .......................................................................................................................... 34
3.13 FRP Structures .......................................................................................................... 34
3.14 Wood ..........................................................................................................................34
3.15 Elastomeric Bearings and Teflon .............................................................................. 35
4. EXECUTION ................................................................................................................. 35
4.1 Transportation Limit by Truck ....................................................................................... 35
4.2 Fatal Risk Control ......................................................................................................... 35
5. Attachments ..................................................................................................................36
Structural

1. GENERAL
1.1 Introduction
BHP Billiton is developing the Spence Growth Option (SGO) Project which consists in a
plant to process 95 ktpd copper ore and molybdenum. The Spence Mine is located in
Northern Chile, at approximately 60 km south-west form Calama, II Region
This document establish the basis for structural engineering and design for Spence
Growth Option SGO Project, defining applicable codes and standards, design loads,
materials of construction, and foundation requirements for buildings, structures and
related facilities.
Requirements indicated in this document are applicable to work packages WP-2, WP-3,
and WP-5 of the project, and shall be a reference for packages WP-1, WP-4 and WP-6.
Exceptions or deviations requested by third parties responsible for packages WP-1, WP-4
and/or WP-6 shall be requested to and approved by BHP Billiton.
The main facilities are:
 Stockpile
 Grinding
 Pebble crushing
 Flotation
 Regrinding
 Thickeners
 Moly plant
 Filter plant
 Storage concentrate
 Electric substations
 Main Electrical Room
1.2 Site Conditions

The site location, site climatic data, site access, site condition and accommodation for the
SGO Project are defined in the last version of the document Site Conditions Technical
Specification G0-2000-ME-SPE-0002.
Structural
1.3 Codes and standards

Unless otherwise specified in these criteria the last editions and/or overhauls of the
following codes and standards will be applied:
A. ACI American Concrete Institute
 ACI 207.1R Guide to Mass Concrete
 ACI 207.2R Report on Thermal and Volume Change Effects on

Cracking of Mass Concrete
 ACI 224R -01 Control of Cracking in Concrete Structures
 ACI 301-10 Specifications for Structural Concrete
 ACI 311-4R-05 Guide for Concrete Inspection
 ACI 318 / 318S-05 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
 ACI 350.3-06 Seismic Design of Liquid-Containing Concrete Structures

and Commentary
 ACI 351.3R-04 Foundation for Dynamic Equipment
 ACI 350 / 350R-06 Code Requirements for Environmental Engineering

Concrete Structures and Commentary
 ACI SP-66 ACI Detailing Manual
B. AISC American Institute of Steel Construction
 AISC 360-05 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings
 AISC 303-05 Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and

Bridges
Q
 AISC Steel Construction Manual, Thirteenth and Fourteenth Edition
 Specification for Structural Joints using ASTM A325-04b or A490-04a Bolts,

2004 Edition.
C. International Code Council
 2006 International Building Code (IBC) Q

Structural

D. American Petroleum Institute (API)
 API 650_2007 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage, 11th Edition.
E. ASCE/SEI American Society for Civil Engineers/ Structural Engineering Institute
 ASCE7/SEI-05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other

Structures.
F. ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
 A1 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Tee Rails
 A36/A36M-08 Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
 A53/A53M-07 Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-

Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
 A123/A123M-15 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized)

Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
 A193/A193M-09 Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless

Steel Bolting Materials for High Temperature or High
Pressure Service and other Special Purpose
Applications
 A283/A283M-13 Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile

Strength Carbon Steel Plates
 A307-07b Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and

Studs, 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength
 A325-09a Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat

Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
 A490-09 Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel,

Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
 A563 – 07a Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
 A572/A572M-07 Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy

Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel
 A615/A615M-15 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-

Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Structural

 A759-10 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Crane Rails
 A786/A786M-05 Standard Specification for Hot-Rolled Carbon, Low-

Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steel Floor
Plates
 A992/A992M-06a Standard Specification for Structural Steel Shapes
 A1011/A1011M-10 Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-

Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High Strength Low-Alloy,
High Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and
Ultra-High Strength
 A1064/A1064M-15 Standard Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and

Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for
Concrete
 C1107/C1107M-14 Standard Specification for Packaged Dry, Hydraulic-

Cement Grout (Nonshrink)
 F436-09 Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
 F1554-07a Standard Specification for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55

and 105-ksi Yield Strength
G. Instituto Nacional Normalización INN, Chile:
 NCh 170 Of85 Hormigón – Requisitos Generales.
 NCh 173-2008 Madera – Terminología General
 NCh 174-2007 Maderas – Unidades, dimensiones nominales, tolerancias y

especificaciones
 NCh 181-2006 Bloques de hormigón para uso estructural – Requisitos

Generales
 NCh 2004-2006 Acero - Barras laminadas en caliente para hormigón armado
 NCh 206-1956 Acero laminado en barras para pernos corrientes
 NCh 218-2009 Acero- Mallas electrosoldadas de alambre para hormigón

armado- Especificaciones
Structural

 NCh 219-1977 Construcción – Mallas de acero de alta resistencia –
Condiciones de uso en el hormigón armado
 NCh 300-1997 Elementos de fijación- Pernos, tuercas, tornillos y accesorios –

Terminología y designación general
 NCh 301-1963 Pernos de acero con cabeza y tuercas hexagonales
 NCh 302-1963 Pernos de acero de cabeza redonda, con cuello cuadrado y

tuerca cuadrada
 NCh 431-2010 Diseño estructural – Cargas de nieve.
 NCh 432-2010 Diseño estructural – Cargas de viento
 NCh 433-1996 Diseño Sísmico de Edificios (Mod 2009 y D.S. N°61 de V. y U. Q

de 2011)
 NCh 992-1972 Madera – Defectos a considerar en la clasificación,

terminología y métodos de medición.
 NCh 993-1972 Madera – Procedimientos y criterios de evaluación para

clasificación
 NCh 1079-2008 Arquitectura y construcción – Zonificación climático

habitacional para Chile y recomendaciones para el diseño arquitectónico
 NCh 1198 -2014 Madera – Construcciones en Madera – Cálculo
 NCh 1537-2009 Diseño Estructural – Cargas Permanentes y cargas de uso
 NCh 1928-1993 Albañilería Armada – Requisitos para el Diseño y Cálculo (Mod

2009)
 NCh 2123 Of97 Albañilería Confinada – Requisitos de Diseño y Cálculo (Mod

2003)
 NCh 2369-2003 Diseño Sísmico de Estructuras e Instalaciones Industriales
 NCh 3171-2010 Diseño Estructural - Disposiciones Generales y Combinaciones

de Cargas
H. AWS American Welding Society
 D1.1/D1.1M Structural Welding Code – Steel-20th Edition, 2008
Structural

I. AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
 2005 LFRD Bridge Design Specifications
J. AISE Association of Iron and Steel Engineers
 AISE TR-06 Technical Report No. 6, "Specification for Electric

Overhead Traveling Cranes for Steel Mill Service", 2005
 AISE TR-13 Technical Report No. 13, "Guide for the Design and
Construction of Mill Buildings", 2003.
K. U.S. Department of Labor
 29 CFR PT 1910-09 Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA) Subpart D, 2001, Walking-Working Surfaces
 29 CFR PT 1926-09 Safety and Health Regulations for Construction, 2009
 30 CFR PT 1-99 Mine Safety and health Administration (MSHA)
Any conflicts between the previous references and these Criteria shall be resolved by
the Engineer.
L. Owner Standards
 BMG.003 Guidance for Projects to Ensure the Operating Phase Complies with
GLD Requirements for Water, Energy and Occupational Exposures
 GLD.010 Safety
 GLD.012 Health, Safety, Environment and Community Reporting
 GLD.017 Risk Management
M. Other Codes and Specifications
 Decreto Supremo N° 60 de V. y U. de 2011

 Manual ICHA del Instituto Chileno del Acero 2001(First Edition) Q
 Manual de Carreteras MOP
 Norma Técnica de Seguridad y Calidad de Servicio NTS y CS, Septiembre
2015, Comisión Nacional de Energía
 ETG – 1020 1997 Especificaciones Técnicas Generales. Requisitos de Diseño
Sísmico para Equipos Eléctricos ENDESA Chile.
Structural

 IEEE Std 693 Recommended Practice for seismic design of substation (IEEE
Power Engineering Society)
 MSHA Mine Safety and Health Administration
 D. S. N° 72/2004 Mining Security Regulation of the Mining Department with
modifies D.S. N° 132/2002 (Published in Official Newspaper on February 7th,
2004)
 D. S. N° 132 Mining Safety Regulations (Sernageomin)
 BS EN 10025-2 -2004 British Standard Hot rolled products of structural steels
 GB 700 – 2006 Carbon Structural Steels
1.4 Projects Documents

A. Project documents:
The last editions and/or overhauls of the following documents will be applied:
G0-2000-ME-SPE-0002 Site Condition Technical Specifications
G0-2000-AR-DES-0001 Design Criteria for Architecture
Technical Specification for Permanent Facilities /
G0-2000-AR-SPE-0001
Architectural
Technical Specifications for Roofing and Siding /
G0-2000-AR-SPE-0002
Architectural
G0-2000-CI-SPE-0001 Technical Specification for Earthworks
Technical Specification - Structural Excavations and
G0-2000-CI-SPE-0002
Backfills
G0-2000-CI-SPE-0003 Technical Specification Finish Grading
G0-2000-CI-SPE-0004 Technical Specification Construction of Internal Roads
G0-2000-CI-SPE-0005 Technical Specification of Geotextiles
G0-2000-CI-SPE-0006 Technical Specification Slope Protection
G0-2000-ST-SPE-0001 Technical Specification Supply of Ready Mixed
Concrete
G0-2000-ST-SPE-0002 Technical Specification Painting
G0-2000-ST-SPE-0003 Technical Specification Structural Steel Fabrications
G0-2000-ST-SPE-0004 Technical Specification Grouting
G0-2000-ST-SPE-0005 Technical Specification Structural Requirements for
Equipment
V0-2000-CT-DES-0001 Preassembly Prefabrication and Modularization Q
Design Criteria
Structural

B. Site Information:
 Site Conditions see G0-2000-ME-SPE-0002 Site Condition Technical

Specifications
 Topographical Report by SCS
 Base topographical is a survey UAV (Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle) in WGS84

system, with SIRGAS control point, conducted for SCS company.
 SRK Consulting SGO-SPS-SRK-0000-G-RP-0007 Informe Geológico Geotécnico

de Chancador y Correa Overland, Proyecto Spence Growth Option, Informe Final.

de Planta Concentradora, Proyecto Spence Growth Option, Informe Final.

de Planta de Filtros, Proyecto Spence Growth Option, Informe Final.
 SRK Consulting SGO-SPS-SRK-0000-G-RP-0018 “Informe Geológico-Geotécnico:

Campamento de Construcción y Camino de Acceso a Planta de Filtros Proyecto
Spence Growth Option - Informe Final” - Rev B - Oct 2015
 SRK Consulting SGO-SPS-SRK-0000-RP-0020 Memorando Técnico

“Especificaciones para rellenos”.
Structural
2.1 REQUIREMENTSUnits
The measuring system shall be the Metric System. Dimensions in steel structural and
concrete work drawings shall be in millimetres (the abbreviation “mm” is not required).
Dimensions in civil drawings shall be in metres (the abbreviation “m” is not required).
In general arrangement drawings, all elevations from a reference elevation, plan
dimensions and coordinates shall be in metres to three decimal places (the abbreviation
“m” is not required).
Bolts and anchor bolts shall be specified in inches according ANSI B.1.1.
All calculations shall be done in the Metric System. Optionally, consultants and foreign
vendors shall be able to use Imperial System.
2.2 Language
Documents and calculations shall be prepared in English language.
All documents submitted to Chilean authorities, organizations or regulatory entities
required for project assessment, evaluation or approval shall be made in Spanish or
bilingual.
2.3 Drawings
Drawings shall be prepared using AISC and ACI recommendations for the detailing of
structural steel and concrete, respectively.
2.4 Design Philosophy
The design philosophy for Spence Project will be oriented to “Fit for Purpose” according
to design level.
When it is possible structural design must consider the concepts of preassembly, precast
and modularization, in order to reduce erection times, risk and total cost.
Roof dust loads shall be considered only in the case that the roof is near a significant
source of dust emission; the design load amount shall be evaluated for each case.
2.5 Design loads

The design loads must be according to this section and could be complemented with the Q
foreign code indicated in this document, as needed.
A. DEAD LOADS (D)
According to NCh 2369, dead load can be defined as an action whose variation in the course
of time can be ignored in relation to its mean value or the one for which the variation tends to a
limit.
According to this definition the following shall be included under this concept:
 Self-weight of structural elements and finishing
Structural

 Self-weight of stationary equipment and facilities
 Normal content of vessels, hoppers, belts, and equipment
 Weight of ducts without their accumulations or incrustations, insulation
 Permanent pushing pressure
In case of not existing specific information in another project document, weights shall be
obtained from the following specific weights:
Table 2.5 Material Weight
Material Specific Weight
Kg/m3
Non‐Reinforced Concrete 2400
Reinforced Concrete 2500
Structural Steel 7850
Dry Wood 650
Wet Wood 850
Wood Board 550
Structural Backfill (1) 1900
F. R. P. 1500
Ore 2600
(1) Use this value except otherwise indicated in the Geotechnical Report
B. EQUIPMENTS LOADS (De) AND OPERATING LOADS (Do)
Equipment loads (De) and those of its operation (Do) shall be considered independently
and in accordance with the drawings of the Vendor, and shall include the product to be
handled as operation load. These loads shall be treated as additional dead loads, and
therefore estimate of weights must be conservative.
Structural

It should be considered that the non-presence of these loads in some design
combinations (if applicable) can produce a worse design condition.
Material properties to be handled for weight estimating purpose shall be obtained from
process design criteria.
Design loads for equipment support shall include the following:
a) Equipment dead loads, including pipelines and platforms belonging to the equipment
itself, such as lining for instance.
b) Operation loads shall include the content of the fixed equipment, containers, belts,
pipelines, etc., with weights of materials in normal operation.
These are the weight of any liquids or solids present within the vessels, equipment,
or piping during normal operation. Operating load shall have the same load factor
as dead load. All containment structures shall be checked for 100% full condition
combined with other load combinations as specified by the lead engineer.
C. MAXIMUM OPERATION LOADS (Lo)
Maximum operation loads due to full equipment at maximum capacity, with maximum
density materials including large accumulations; e.g. dumps and screws stuck, etc., shall
be considered as maximum operation loads. These loads must be considered as short-
term application.
Those loads also shall be included as design load for equipment support.
For the case of concurrence of these loads with a seismic event, see NCh 2369, section
4.5.
D. TEST LOADS (TE)
These are the weight of liquids necessary to pressure test vessels, equipment, or piping.
Test load shall have the same load factor as dead load.
E. LIVE LOADS (L)
1. These are loads with varying magnitudes over time; therefore, they shall be analysed in
their most unfavourable locations, taking into account their maximum and minimum
values. They include the weight of all movable loads, including personnel, tools,
miscellaneous equipment, movable partitions, cranes, hoists, parts of dismantled
equipment, and stored material.
2. According to NCh 2369, Live load can be defined according to the following criteria: “Static
actions, variable in time, which are determined by the function and the use of the
Structural

building and the facilities it contains. They present frequent or continuous non-ignorable
variations of their mean value.” According to this definition, the following items must be
included under this concept:
 Uniform loads that correspond to the use of floors, roofs and platforms
considering the normal transit of persons, vehicles, minor movable
equipment and the pile up of materials
 Dust incrustation and accumulation in ducts, equipment and structures
 Crane hoist loads
 Non-permanent water or earth pressures
 Inner pressure of containers
 Belt loads and similar
3. Live loads on floor areas shall be omitted in areas taken up by equipment whose weight is
specifically included in the dead loads. The live load shall not be omitted under
equipment where the access is allowed, for instance under elevated tanks. Under no
circumstance the minimum live load may be lower than that specified in Attachment A
Minimum Design Live Loads.
4. This category includes transient-type loads or extreme condition load such as short-circuit,
start or jam. This type of loads shall be obtained from information of the equipment
manufacturer and/or from the Process Design Criteria. The use of this type of loads shall
be analysed case by case and shall always be agreed with the engineer supervisor. For
the case of concurrence of these loads with a seismic event, see NCh 2369, section 4.5.
5. Live load reduction in floors and roofs may be made as follow:
a) No reduction in areas of deposits, storage and tanks.

b) For other situations, section 8 of NCh 1537 shall be applied. Q
6. Roof live load on storage tanks shall be in accordance with API Standard 650.
Structural

F. SNOW LOADS (S)
The snow load shall not be considered in this project due to its geographic location.
G. WIND LOADS (W)
1. All buildings, non-building structures and components shall be designed to resist wind
effects according to NCh 432 Of 2010. The basic wind speed is 132 km/h.
Q
2. Cases not covered in this standard shall be solved by the standard ASCE 7, taking into
account an exposure coefficient C, with 3 seconds of gust speed of 132 km/h.
H. SEISMIC LOADS (E)
1. Earthquake loads are defined as the static horizontal and vertical force equivalent in their
design effect to the dynamic loads induced by ground motion during an earthquake.
2. All seismic parameter must be according to NCh 433 and NCh 2369 for this zone. In
agreement with BHPB the site is considered as Seismic Zone 2. This applies for all facilities
of the concentrator close Spence Mine Site.
3. The importance coefficient shall be according to NCh 2369. I=1.2 will be used exceptionally
for structures whose failure implies extended and serious production losses. See G0-2000-
ST-SPE-0005 Technical Specification for Structural Requirements for Equipment, for the
definition of the importance coefficient for equipment.
4. The seismic mass shall be according to item 5.1.3 of NCh 2369. No live load is considered
for mass purpose, except for the case of a warehouse or similar structures, where the live
load will be considered in the mass determination. These considerations do not apply for
load combinations.
5. Effective seismic weight for tanks shall be according to API650 Appendix E
6. The seismic design parameters, Damping ratio ( ), Response modification factor (R) and
Importance Coefficient (I) for equipment and structures are defined in the Attachment C.
7. Rigid and Robust Equipment Supported on the Ground. According to NCh 2369 section
5.6, equipment with a natural fundamental period equal or lesser than 0.06 s (including the
effect of the connection system to the foundation) can be designed using the static analysis
method, considering a seismic horizontal coefficient equal to 0.7 Ao/g and a seismic vertical
coefficient equal to 0.5 Ao/g.
8. Equipment Mounted over Structures. Seismic design of equipment shall be according to

section 7 of NCh 2369. Equipment shall be designed considering a horizontal seismic force
determined according to section 7.2. Anchorages of equipment shall be designed
according to section 7.3 of NCh 2369.
Structural

9. Electrical Equipment. For the equipment design of electrical system greater than 23kV
applies the NTS y CS specifications, which states, in article 3.3, that for seismic design
shall be used the Technical specification ETG-1020 or IEEE Std 693 in high seismic level,
including foundations and structural supports design for these equipment. For the
equipment design of electrical system smaller or equal to 23 kV code NCh 2369 applies.
Seismic design of electrical rooms shall be according to code NCh 2369
10. Seismic design for circular storage steel tanks at grade shall be according to chapter 11.8
of NCh 2369 and Appendix E of API Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage.
The effect of slosh height on freeboard and tank roof shall be considered.
Q
11. Seismic design for concrete tanks shall be according to chapter 11.8 of NCh 2369 and ACI
350.3-06.
12. The soil profile and factors must be verified with the Geotechnical Information indicated in
1.4.B.
I. CRANE LOADS (G & Gi) AND IMPACT LOADS (Vi)
1. The loads of the Gantry Crane (G) shall be defined by the equipment vendors and
correspond to the maximum load per wheel in rail/supporting beams, monorails and other
mobile equipment.
2. Impact loads shall be in accordance with AISE Technical Report N°13, 2003. According to
that document, for the particular case of cranes aimed at providing maintenance in
industrial buildings, the vertical impact is determined as 20 per cent of the maximum load
per wheel. This type of crane corresponds to the main type which is often used in this type
of projects.
3. For structures carrying live loads, which induce impact, the live load shall be increased to
provide for same.
4. Vertical, transverse, and longitudinal impact forces are normally not considered to act
concurrently. Load factors shall be the same as for live load.
5. Lifting lugs or pad eyes and internal members (including both end connections) framing into
the joint where the lifting lug or pad eye is located shall be designed for 100% impact.
6. All other members transmitting lifting forces shall be designed for 25% impact.
7. For tower cranes, the total loads for foundation design shall be defined by the equipment
vendors.
8. Allowable stresses shall not be increased when combining impact with dead load.
9. Crane runways shall also be designed for crane stop forces.
Structural

J. LOADS OF VIBRATORY EQUIPMENT
1. Supports for equipment of centrifugal operation type, specially mills, fans, crushers,
vibratory screens or feeders, and supports for handling material equipment shall be
reviewed for vibrations considering the equipment with its whole weight (consider loads De,
Do and Lo).
2. Vibration loads are defined as those forces that are caused by vibrating machinery as
pumps, blowers, fans, compressors, mills and crushers. Load factors for surge forces shall
be the same as for live loads. The unbalanced dynamic forces, for vibration analysis, shall
be obtained from the Vendor and the Project Mechanical Group.
3. Foundations shall be designed so as they have a natural frequency sufficiently different

from the frequency applied to avoid resonance. Foundations shall be separated from the
slabs and foundations of building columns by 20 millimetres with expansion material where
possible.
4. When a detailed evaluation is required, the designer shall ensure a difference between the
natural frequency of the first vibration mode of the support and the equipment frequency.
Recommended criteria are as follows:
 Natural frequency lower than 2/3 of the machine frequency

 Natural frequency higher than 1.5 of the machine frequency
5. For case of mills foundations the soil/structure interaction shall be considered when
calculating the natural frequencies and displacements.
6. The operation platforms near to vibratory equipment must comply with the requirements of
stiffness that guarantee a suitable structural behaviour and operation, when subjected to
vibrations. In order to minimize the vibrations caused by the resonance in braced
structures, the following ratios between the first natural frequency (fn) of support beams and
the forced frequency (fo) shall be secured. For the revision of resonance, elements shall be
considered with just one degree of freedom.
7. The first natural frequency of vibration of the equipment support beam (fn), shall be moved
away from the excitation frequency (fo) of the equipment, in function of the support
conditions of the supporting beam:
Structural

Table 2.5.J Support Conditions
Beam joint to the end of Span (m) fn/fo

Column Until 6 ≥ 1.5 or ≤ 0.80
Column Over 6 ≥ 2.0 or ≤ 0.75
Beam Until 6 ≥ 2.0 or ≤ 0.75
Beam Over 6 ≥ 2.5 or ≤ 0.75
8. The main beams supporting vibratory equipment shall have a slenderness ratio (section
height / element clearance) of 1/12 as a minimum. A lesser slenderness ratio shall be
allowed if the dynamic analysis of deformations for cyclic loads allows it. Structural
elements shall be provided with adequate lateral support, braces and/or elastic supports
to minimize vibrations.
9. Vibrations shall be limited to displacements/amplitudes of “Easily Noticeable to Persons”

for high transit platforms and “Troublesome to Persons” in any other case (see Figure 2
in Attachment B).
K. ERECTION LOADS (C)
Erection loads are temporary forces caused by erection of structures or equipment.

Erection loads shall have the same load factor as live load.
L. RAIN LOADS (R)
Refer to IBC Sections 1611.2 for the effect of ponding due to rain loads on buildings and
enclosed structures. Load factors shall be the same as for live load.
For the values of precipitations see latest version of the Document G0-2000-ME-SPE-
0002 Site Conditions Technical Specification.
M. FRICTION LOADS (F)
The following friction coefficients shall be used for determining restraint (force) due to
temperature change or lateral force on sliding surfaces:
Structural
SURFACE FRICTION COEFFICIENT
Steel to Steel 0.40
Steel to Concrete 0.60
Teflon to Teflon 0.10
Graphite to Graphite 0.15
Soil to Concrete tan(2/3 ) (1)
Soil to Soil tan() (1)
(1): In accordance with the Geotechnical Information indicated in 1.4.B.
Friction loads shall be considered temporary and shall not be combined with wind or
earthquake loads. However, anchor and guide loads (excluding their friction component)
shall be combined with wind or earthquake loads.
N. THERMAL EXPANSION LOADS (T)
Temperature effects on all elements must be evaluated and, whenever applicable,

elements shall be designed for the loads or the effects produced by the maximum and
minimum differential temperatures.
If there is not specific design to establish temperature for a building in particular, for
structural analysis purpose, it shall be considered:
T = +15°C, -20°C At Mine site, pipeline and electrical transmission

(Tmax=35 °C and Tmin=0°C)
Thermal loads shall be included with operating loads in the appropriate load combination
and shall have the same load factors as dead load.
For the values of temperature see latest version of the Document V0-2000-ME-SPE-
0002 Site Conditions Technical Specification.
O. CONVEYOR LOADS
Conveyor trusses and supporting structures shall be designed to carry their:
 Loads defined in previous points (2.5.A to 2.5.N) where applicable.
 Material loads due to clogged chutes filled to capacity.
 Walkway live load (see Attachment A)
Structural

 Where applicable, piping and/or cable tray loads
The design of structural support elements of mechanical components, as pulleys,

motors, etc., shall take into account the maximum belt tensions, for normal operation and
eventual. The material definitions and these loads and shall be defined on the
mechanical design criteria for conveyor belts of the project, G0-2000-ME-DES-0002
Material Handling Design Criteria.
P. OTHER LOADS
Additional loads such as ice on pipes and cables, blast loads, and hydrostatic and earth
pressures shall be considered when applicable.
Q. TRAFFIC LOADS
Buildings, trenches, and underground installations accessible to truck loading shall be

design to withstand HS20-44 load as defined by AASHTO Standard Specifications of
Highway Bridges.
R. SOIL LATERAL LOADS(H)
The soil lateral loads must be in accordance with the Geotechnical Report indicated in
1.4.B.
2.6 Basic Load combinations

A. Steel Design
For the design of steel structures, based on allowable stresses method, load Q
combinations of section 9.2 of NCh 3171 and load combinations of section 4.5 a) of
NCh 2369 shall be used.
For the design of steel structures, based on load and resistance factor design
method, load combinations of section 9.1 of NCh 3171 and load combinations of
section 4.5 b) of NCh 2369 shall be used.
For light steel buildings the load combinations of section 4.5 a) and b) of NCh2369
could be modified according to section 11.2 of same code.
Similarly, for the case when loadings coming from the action of a bridge crane are
included, recommendations of the AISE Technical Report no. 13 shall be used, with
the load combinations of section 3.10.2 of that report.
According to particular characteristics of each structure, additional loads
combinations than defined in this design criteria shall be used.
For purposes of load combination, it shall be considered that equipment loads (De)
and operation loads (Do) are included in the dead loads (D), and maximum
Structural

operation loads (Lo) are included in live loads (L). Similarly, wind and seismic loads
must be considered as acting in all possible directions.
The seismic action coming from a loaded bridge crane shall be considered as per
the item C11.1.3 of NCh 2369. This applies only for production cranes.
The eventual allowable stress increase shall be done in accordance to the specific
design code used.
B. Foundations Design
The design philosophy shall be “Fit for Purpose” according to the load design
requirements. For the sizing of foundations regarding stability and soil pressure,
based on the allowable stresses, load combinations from section 9.2 of NCh 3171
and load combinations of 4.5 a) of NCh 2369 shall be used. In the case when loads
from a bridge crane operation, load combinations and recommendations of section
3.12 of the AISE Technical Report no. 13 shall be used.
When it is possible foundations should rest on a single type of soil to prevent
differential deformations.
Increase of the soil allowable stresses must be in accordance with the
corresponding Geotechnical Report of the project.
C. Reinforced Concrete Design
For design of reinforced concrete structures, based on ultimate strength design
method, load combinations of section 9.1 of NCh 3171 and load combinations of
section 4.5 b) of NCh 2369 shall be used.
2.7 Deflections
Deflections due to live load and wind or seismic load shall not exceed the following:
Element Deflection
a) Beams in general Span/300
b) Truss Span/700
c) Beams supporting vibratory equipment Span/1000
d) Roofs
Roofing and secondary members (purlins Span/240
and joist hanger)
e) Floors
Floor plate and grating Span/200, 6mm
Structural

Element Deflection
Concrete floor slab See ACI 318
f) Walls (wind lateral load)
Siding and girts, wind columns Span/180
g) Crane girders and monorail beams (without
impact)
Vertical See AISE Std. 13
Horizontal See AISE Std. 13
h) Crane girders and monorail beams (with
impact)
Vertical See AISE Std. 13
Horizontal See AISE Std. 13
i) Belt Conveyors
Vertical deflections of trusses due to belt live Span/600
loads
Horizontal deflections of trusses due to lateral Span/400
loads
Horizontal deflections at the ends of Span/800
stacker trusses due to lateral loads
(maximum deflections shall be limited
to 150 millimetres)
Steel supporting head pulley frames, Span/800
speed reducers, drives and motors
j) Piperacks
Vertical Span/250
Horizontal seismic deformation shall be compatible with strength of piping, ducts, walls,
partitions and other non-structural elements fixed to the structure as well with the
deformation capacity of expansion joints in piping and ducts.
In structures, the limits for lateral deformation and story drifts indicated in NCh 2369 shall
be applied.
Structural

Allowable wind drift limits for pipe racks shall not exceed H/150, where H equals pipe rack
height.
Allowable wind drift limits for process structures, pre-engineered metal buildings, and
personnel access platforms shall not exceed H/200, where H equals structure height.
Allowable wind drift limits for buildings with bridge cranes shall not exceed H/400 or 50 Q
mm, whichever is less, where H equals height to the top of the cranes runway girder.
Allowable inter-story wind drift for occupied buildings that may damage from excessive
drift shall not exceed H/400, where H equals building story height.
Q
Allowable seismic drift limits shall be in accordance with NCh 2369 or NCh 433.
Maximum allowable deformations for reinforced concrete elements shall be according to
ACI 318.
Regarding mechanical requirements and their operability, more restrictive requirements to
deflections and relative deformations of supporting members for equipment must be
considered. Specific restrictions shall be considered and indicated by the Vendor.
2.8 Foundations
Foundations shall be stabilised against bearing, sliding, overturning and buoyancy under
the most unfavourable loading conditions. In addition foundation displacements
(settlements, differential settlements, and tilting) shall not exceed allowable values. The
design of foundations must follow the recommendations of the project geotechnical
report.
The minimum safety factors included in the foundation design shall be as follows:
 Overturning in Retaining Walls : 1.5 (static case)
 Overturning in Retaining Walls : 1.15xSliding Safety Factor (seismic case)
 Overturning in Foundations : 1.5 (static and seismic case) Q
 Sliding in Retaining Walls : 1.5 (1.1 seismic case)
 Sliding in Foundations : 1.5 (1.3 seismic case)
 Flotation Buoyancy : 1.5
In accordance with the NCh 2369 the seismic mass of the buried part of the foundation
can be neglected for the calculation of the total seismic mass, when fulfilling condition of
the Section 10.2.2 of that code.
Resistance to sliding based on friction shall be acceptable only for concrete foundation
design. If passive resistance and friction resistance are simultaneously considered in
sliding analysis, a reduction factor of 0.5 shall be applied over passive resistance, a
Structural

higher factor can be used in retaining walls according to the special requirement indicated
in Manual de Carreteras Volume 3.1000.
For the design of foundations for vibratory equipment, the following shall be used:
The weight of the foundation shall be, as minimum, a multiple of the all equipment weight,
according the type:
 SAG and Ball Mill, load included : 2.5 times
Centrifugal Machines (except SAG and Ball Mills)

 Operation at less than 2 rpm : 1 time
 Operation between 2 and 20 rpm : 2 times
 Operation at more than 20 rpm : 3 times
Reciprocating Machine
 All designs : 4 times
The combined mass centre of the foundation plus equipment shall stay located vertically
over the geometric centre of the foundation contact area in terrain, and under foundation
top elevation. Deviations shall be accepted up to 5 per cent regarding a parallel
dimension of the foundation contact surface.
In the case that the above conditions are not met or a detailed analysis is required,
specialised literature shall be consulted. The vibration control criteria shall be given by the
equipment vendor. If it does not occurs, specialised literature shall be used.
2.9 Bottom Supported Tanks

The bottom supported tanks shall be designed to resist seismic forces stated in these
criteria applying the recommendations stated in NCh 2369 and API 650.
2.10 Steel Structures

Steel structures shall be designed according to the standard AISC 360 and supplemented
with relevant recommendations of the standard NCh 2369.
The structural shapes shall follow the nomenclature stated in the ICHA manual 2001 in Q
the case of welded shape (H or T shape) and the Steel Construction Manual 13° Edition
(International System of unit) for the case of laminated angles, channels and HSS steel
shape. If special designed shapes are used, their dimensions shall be defined on the
drawings.
The pre-engineered buildings shall be designed by the Manufacturer as a complete
system. All components of the system shall be supplied or specified by the same
manufacturer.
Structural

The pre-engineered designer and fabricator must be associated and certified by Metal
Building Manufacturers Association (MBMA) and AC472 Accreditation Program by the
International Accreditation Services (IAS), The design of buildings must be in accordance
to MBMA and, for items not covered, AISC Specification for Structural Steel Buildings
applies. The seismic design shall comply with NCh2369 the revision of the seismic design
shall comply with Section 4.6 of NCh 2369 code or according to OGUC for NCh 433 if
applicable.
The buildings of long span structures, especially those geodesic structures (domes) shall
be designed by the Manufacturer as a complete system. All components of the system
shall be supplied or specified by the same manufacturer. The seismic design shall comply
with NCh2369 and the revision of the seismic design shall comply with Section 4.6 of
NCh 2369 code.
All designs will adjust to the particular conditions of load. Using designs that do not fit their
particular requirements will be avoided. Design solution shall be fit to Project needs thus
typical solutions will be avoided.
Optimize design of steel structural elements to obtain utilization factor equal or greater
than 0.85 (FU>=0.85), provided that serviceability is not affected (i.e.: due to excessive
structure deformation / displacements), and keeping reasonable standard design.
2.11 Concrete Structures

They shall be designed according to D.S. no. 60 and ACI 318 and supplemented with the
relevant recommendations of the NCh 2369 code.
Optimize the design of concrete sections and concrete rebar. In non pre/post – tensioned
concrete elements, avoid rebar-concrete rates greater than 140 kg rebar/m3 concrete to
facilitate concrete pouring.
2.12 Water Retaining Structures
They shall be designed as structural items with due regard for hydraulic considerations,
taking into account soil properties, soil settlement, soil saturation, uplift, seepage paths,
piping of fines, etc.
ACI 350 will apply for this type of structures and the crack control shall be according to
ACI 350-2006.
Structural
3. CONSTRUCTIONS MATERIALS
3.1 Structural Steel
The structural and miscellaneous steel material specification shall be according to the following
definition:
 Structural steel ASTM A36 for rolled channels and angles.
 Structural steel ASTM A992 for W shapes.
 Structural steel ASTM A572 grade 50 for welded shapes (H or T shapes).
 Structural tubing, ASTM A500, Grade B (tubing in round, square, and rectangular
shapes, HSS).
 Structural pipe, ASTM A53, Type E or S, Grade B for handrails.
 High resistance bolt connections, ASTM A490.
 Bolt connections for secondary elements such as purlins, handrails and others, ASTM Q
A307, Grade A.
 High resistance washers, ASTM A563, Grade DH.
 Hardened steel washer, ASTM F436 (unless otherwise stated).
 Welding, AWS D 1.1, E70XX (or equivalent).
 Floor grating, ASTM A36 or ASTM A1011 Grade 36.
 Hot-rolled steel floor plates according to ASTM A786, steel ASTM A36.
 Section 8.2 of NCh 2369 of 2003.
In order to reduce the cost of the steel fabrication, the design will consider:
 Use commercial steel shapes, cold formed or hot rolled, when the structural design so
allows
 Considering the transport constraints, walkways, stairs and railing shall be welded in
the workshop.
The rails shall comply with ASTM A1 or ASTM A759.
Structural

The following minimum thickness shall be used for steel shapes:
Case 1 Case2
Minimum Thickness
mm mm
Connection and stiffener plate 8 5
Web thickness of built up sections or rolled shapes 8 4
Flanges of built up sections or rolled shapes 8 5
Angles and channels 6 3
Tubular section 6 3
Purlins 6 3
Auxiliary buildings 6 3
Checkered plates 6 4
Grating 3 3
Case 1: Areas with corrosive existing conditions (*)

Case 2: Concentrator plant, primary crusher, filter plant, pump stations 2 y 3.
(*) Those thicknesses must be confirmed according to corrosive existing conditions.
The specified minimum thickness can be lowered if the technical support that allows this
reduction is presented, and approved.
3.2 Structural Steel Connections

In general steel connections shall meet requirements of Section 8.5 NCh 2369 and for
light steel buildings shall follow the provisions of Section 11.2.3 of the same code. Shop
connections shall be welded. In some cases, the shop connections might be bolted for
pre-assembly of components according to drawing instructions.
Field connections shall be bolted, unless drawings specify field welding.
Calculation of connections shall be of bearing type with thread included in shear plane.
The structural bolts shall comply with ASTM A325 or A490.
The connections of seismic diagonal elements shall be designed to resist 100 per cent of
the tensile capacity of their gross section unless corresponding to categories C2 or C3
Structural

according to 4.3.1 of NCh 2369 and follow the provisions indicated in section 11.2 on
those cases the designer shall indicate the connection load on design drawings.
When friction type connections are required, the faying surfaces shall be free of scale and
free of coating in areas closer than one bolt diameter but not less than 1 inch from the
edge of any hole, as defined in Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength
Bolts (RCSC, 2014, Chapter 3.2.2). Coated faying surfaces are permitted when are first
cleaned and subsequently coated with a coating that is qualified as Class A or B. This
type of coating shall not be assembled before the coating has cured. Galvanised faying
surface are also permitted when meeting requirements of ASTM A123 and subsequently
roughened by means of hand wire brushing. This type of connection is designated as
Class C for design.
Each bolt shall be completely tight unless otherwise stated in drawings.
The bolt for secondary elements as stair treads, purlins, girts or alike shall be ASTM
A307.
3.3 Grating
 Gratings and fasteners: ASTM A1011/A According MBG531
 Minimum supporting flanges: 25 × 3 millimetres spaced out to 30 mm
The heavy traffic gratings shall be provided in areas with heavy vehicle flow according
to directions in Project drawings.
Inclined, wet or outdoor walkways and platforms shall be of serrated grating.
Minimum headroom over platforms, walkways, and stairways shall be 7'- 0" (2.15 m) to
the lowest point of any overhead obstruction.
For galvanized structures, anchor bolts and nuts shall be galvanized.
The weight of removable flooring sections shall not exceed 150 pounds (70 kg)
3.4 Checkered Plates

Checkered plates shall be of ASTM A283 steel with a regular pattern of raised
diamonds or lines at least in two in-plant directions.
The ends of the checkered plates shall be welded in field to their supports with welding
of 40 mm long with a fillet of 5 mm every 300 mm, and to interval elements, with 15
millimetres of welding at 450 mm.
They can be also fastened to the main supporting beams with HILTI X-FCP discs or
other equivalent.
3.5 Anchor Bolts

The anchor bolts and plates shall comply with ASTM F1554 grade 36 or 50. The
minimum bolt diameter shall be ¾ inches. Q
Structural

Anchoring devices must meet ductility requirements specified in attachment D of ACI 318.
Anchor bolt in tension must be an “anchor chair” and the stem should be visible for
inspection and repair. The thread must have long enough to tighten the nuts and exposed
length of the anchor bolt should not be less than 200 mm or 8 times it diameter. The
length of the thread under the nut must be greater than 75 mm.
The support plate for bolts and stiffener plates of the “anchor chair” shall be designed
considering the anchor bolts capacity.
Large equipment such as process vessels of great height and structure of flying
equipment such as boilers and the likes should use bolts ductile high strain capacity,
easily repairable or replaceable.
The column base plates and equipment shall be provided of shear key or seismic stops
designed to resist (and transmit) 100% of basal shear force, except, where shear force on
support is lower than 5 t. If shear key is not necessary, the bolts must resist the shear
force considering the interaction relationships.
Anchor bolts shall meet requirements of Section 8.6 of NCh 2369
3.6 Railings
According to OSHA standard:
A standard railing shall consist of top rail, intermediate rail, and posts, and shall have a
vertical height of 42 inches (1066 mm) nominal from upper surface of top rail to floor,
platform, runway, or ramp level.
The top rail shall have a smooth surface throughout the length of the railing. The
intermediate rail shall be approximately halfway between the top rail and the floor,
platform, runway, or ramp. The ends of the rails shall not overhang the terminal posts
except where such overhang does not constitute a projection hazard.
A stair railing shall be of construction similar to a standard railing but the vertical height
shall be not more than 34 inches (864 mm) nor less than 30 inches (762 mm) from upper
surface of top rail to surface of tread in line with face of riser at forward edge of tread.
For pipe railings, posts, top and intermediate railings shall be at least 1 1/2 inches (38
mm) nominal diameter with posts spaced not more than 8 feet (2438 mm) on centres.
A standard toe board shall be 4 inches (100 mm) nominal in vertical height from its top
edge to the level of the floor, platform, runway, or ramp. It shall be securely fastened in
place and with not more than 1/4-inch (6 mm) clearance above floor level. It may be
made of any substantial material either solid or with openings not over 1 inch (25 mm) in
greatest dimension.
The railings and anchoring of post, shall withstand the design loads indicated in standard
NCh 1537 section 7.1.
Structural

3.7 Concrete
Unless otherwise noted in drawings, the concrete design compressive strengths (f'c) shall
be in accordance with ACI, as follows:
Table 3.7a Structural Concrete
Use Grade fc f’c

(NCh) (NCh Spec) (ACI Spec)
Structural concrete with high shear H45 450 kgf/cm2 400 kgf/cm2
requirements (ball and SAG mill (6400 psi) (5690 psi)
pedestals)
Concrete exposed to soil contact, H35 350 kgf/cm2 300 kgf/cm2
foundations, slab on grade, retaining (4978 psi) (4276 psi)
walls, etc.
Massive concrete (ball and SAG mill H35 350 kgf/cm2 300 kgf/cm2
foundations, etc.) (4978 psi) (4276 psi)
Members not in contact with soil or fills H35 350 kgf/cm2 300 kgf/cm2
(elevated slab, beams, fire walls, etc.) (4978 psi) (4267 psi)
Electric duct bank H20 200 kgf/cm2 150 kgf/cm2
(or lower) (2845 psi) (2134 psi)
Lean concrete fill H10 100 kgf/cm2 75 kgf/cm2
(1422 psi) (1067 psi)
As stated in standard NCh 430 and NCh 170, level of confidence of compression stress
(f'c) will be 90 per cent.
Cement shall be in accordance with ACI 318, section 3.2.
The cement shall be pozzolanic with tricalcium aluminate content no more than 5 per
cent.
Mass concrete design shall be considered according to Chapters 3, 4, 5 and 6 of ACI
207.2R.
3.8 Reinforcing steel

The reinforcing steel shall be in accordance with ASTM A615 Grade 60 or A630-420H
according to NCh 204, unless otherwise stated in drawings.
Structural

The use of mechanical splices or anchor can be permitted if fulfil requirements of D.S.60
– 2011 (V. y U.).
3.9 Welded wire fabric

Welded wire fabric shall be in accordance with ASTM A1064 or AT56-50H (NCh 218 and
219), with a minimum yield strength of 450 MPa for wire diameters of 3 millimetre and
greater.
This type of mesh shall be basically used in slab-on-grade.
3.10 Reinforcing Fibre

In slabs on grade designed for pedestrian traffic, will be used reinforcing fibres instead
reinforcing steel. Specification and application of these fibres will be according to the
supplier.
Project drawings might indicate the use of fibre reinforced concrete in other elements.
3.11 Concrete Masonry
The concrete masonry units shall be in accordance to NCh 181, Class A, with a minimum
compression stress of 70 kgf/cm2 (average of 5 units).
Allowable stresses in concrete masonry shall be determined in accordance with NCh
1928.
3.12 Grout
For column and equipment, the grout shall be non-shrink, non-metallic and shall be in
accordance with requirement indicated in Concrete Design Drawings, special vendor
requirements and Technical Specification for Structural Steel Fabrication (GO-2000-ST-
SPE-0002).
3.13 FRP Structures

Structures exposed to sea environment shall consider FRP materials for covering
structures and for floor grating in platforms.
3.14 Wood
The use of wood structures shall be limited only to offices and similar.
The design shall be made according to NCh 1198. Woods shall be of structural quality,
according to NCh 173, 174, 992 and 993.
The wood shall have balance moisture necessary to classify as dry according to NCh
1079 and 1198.
Bolts, nuts and connectors shall comply with NCh 300, 301, 302 and 1198.
Structural

3.15 Elastomeric Bearings and Teflon
Elastomeric bearings or Teflon shall be used to withstand heavy loads, vibratory loads or
in conditions where it may be necessary to control lateral movements and rotations.
These supports shall meet the following design and manufacturing standards:
 Elastomeric: AASHTO-83 Division I, Section 14 and Division II, Section 25;
 Teflon: AASHTO-83 Division I, Section 15 and Division II, Section 10.3.12 and 27.
4. EXECUTION
4.1 Transportation Limit by Truck
Normal dimensions and load limit for transportation by standard truck should be in
accordance with requirements of Dirección de Vialidad, MOP, República de Chile:
 Maximum width: 2.6m
 Maximum height: 4.2m (including truck height)
 Maximum length: 20.5 m (including truck)
 Maximum weight: 5 ton (including truck weight)
Larger sizes and weights are possible, but subject to special permit, and they shall be
confirmed by the Construction Traffic Department:
 Maximum overall width: 8.0m
 Maximum overall height: 8.0m
 Maximum overall length: 18.0m
 Maximum weight : 60 ton (including truck weight)
For more detailing about transportation and modularization see Preassembly Prefabrication
and Modularization Design Criteria V0-2000-CT-DES-0001. Q
4.2 Fatal Risk Control

All designs must consider the requirements establish in BHP Billiton Standard GLD.010.
Safety.
Structural
5. Attachments
Attachment A Minimum Design Live Loads
Attachment B Seismic Design Parameters
Attachment C Rotating Machinery
End of Document
Structural
ATTACHMENT A
MINIMUM DESIGN LIVE LOADS
Structural
Occupancy Or Use Uniform Load (kgf/m2)
Roofs 100
Offices 400
Meeting rooms and change rooms 400
Laboratories 500
Stairs and walkways (only for pedestrian traffic) 250
Walkways and elevated platforms 300
Mill operation floor and platform around the mills (except on 1250
the mill liner storage area)
Mill liner storage floor 3200
Slab-on grade (for vehicular traffic) 1250
Slab-on grade (for pedestrian traffic) 250
Discharges areas adjacent to the Plant 1250
Control rooms 500
Electric rooms(1) 450
Walkways of conveyor galleries 250
Concentrated horizontal load applied at the top of handrail 90 kgf
Uniform horizontal load applied at the top of handrail 60 kgf/m
Truck Load (2)
(1) For electrical rooms, unless vendor information is available, a minimum of 800
kgf/m2 shall be considered as Dead Equipment Load (De).
(2) AASHTO HS20-44 increased in 20 per cent (in accordance with “Manual de
Carreteras MOP” requirement) or mining trucks when applicable.
Loads covered in the following items b, c, and d, are considered as operation live load
that shall be concurrent with the rest of the design loads applicable to the specific
element under consideration.
a. A load of 1000 kgf concentrated in main beams. This load shall not be brought
to the columns, and shall not be applied in offices, laboratories, change rooms
or similar areas.
b. A concentrated load on office floor slabs of 900 kgf shall be applied on an area
of 0.58 m2
Structural

c. A concentrated load on operation floor slabs of 1340 kgf that shall be on an area
of 0.58 m2
d. A concentrated load of 140 kgf shall be applied in the centre of stairs step.
e. A concentrated load of 800 kgf shall be applied to main reticulated mesh.
Structural
ATTACHMENT B
ROTATING MACHINERY

Structural
Figure 1: Criteria for Vibrations of Rotating Machinery

(Ref. “Vibration of Soils and Foundations ”, F.E. Richart, J.R. Hall and R.D. Woods,
Prentice- Hall, 1970)
Structural
Figure 2: General Limits of Displacements Amplitude for a Particular

(Ref. “ Vibration of Soils and Foundations ”, F.E. Richart, J.R. Hall and R.D. Woods,
Prentice- Hall, 1970)
Structural
ATTACHMENT C
SEISMIC DESIGN PARAMETERS

Structural
BHP Billiton A6FY-V0-2000-ST-DES-0001
I ξ R Item
Structure Description (Importance (Damping (Response Table 5.6 of
coefficient) Ratio) modification NCh 2369
factor)
Primary crusher structure Steel structure for supporting the crusher
Include several platforms at different heights 1.2 0.03 4(3) 3.3
Total heights approx. 30 m
Overlan Conveyor / Stacker Elevated steel structure 1.0 0.03 4(3) 3.3
Stockpile Dome Stereometric steel structure in compresion 1.0 0.03 5 3.3
Grinding structure Steel elevated platform 1.0 0.03 5 3.3 Q
Regrinding cyclone structure Steel structure with several platforms at different 3.3 Q

1.0 0.03 5
heights. Total heigths approx. 15 m
Pebbles structure Steel structure with several platforms at different 7.2 Q
1.0 0.03 4
heights. Total heigths approx. 30 m
Thickener structure Steel structure for supporting an elevated tank 1.0 0.02/0.005(1) 4(1) 7.2
Piperacks Steel structure with several platforms. Total heigth 4.6 Q
1.0 0.03 3
approx. 15 m
Q
Tanks Steel shell of circular form 1.0 0.02/0.005 4 7.3
Warehouse, general Regular steel structure of bending frame
1.0 0.03 4 3.6
buildings, camps
Recovery Tunnel Concrete massive tunnel 1.0 0.05 3 4.2

Q
SAG mill foundation Concrete massive foundation for equipment 1.2 0.05 3 4.7
Ball mill foundation Concrete massive foundation for equipment 1.2 0.05 3 4.7 Q
HIG mill foundation Concrete massive foundation for equipment 1.0 0.05 3 4.7 Q

BHP Billiton A6FY-V0-2000-ST-DES-0001
I ξ R Item
Structure Description (Importance (Damping (Response Table 5.6 of
coefficient) Ratio) modification NCh 2369
factor)
Pebble crusher foundation Concrete massive foundation for equipment 1.0 0.03 3 4.7
Flotation cell foundations Concrete massive foundation for stel tank 1.0 0.02/0.005(1) 4(1) 7.3
Tailing Thickeners Concrete shell of circular form 1.0 0.03/0.005(2) 3(2) 7.4
Electrical Rooms Regulars concrete columns with mat of 4.2
1.0 0.05 3
foundation
Q
(1) Consider ξ = 0.005 for convective mode and ξ = 0.02 for impulsive mode
(2) Consider ξ = 0.005 for convective mode and ξ = 0.03 for impulsive mode
(3) Modified for connection design convenience (R=5 to R=4)

A6yf G0 2000 ST Des 0001 - Q

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BHP Billiton A6YF-G0-2000-ST-DES-0001

SGO Project Revision Q, 11 Feb 2015

Structural Design Criteria

Rev No. Date Description

Q 11 Feb 2016 Issued for Definition Phase Study

Structural Design Criteria

Structural Design Criteria

Structural Design Criteria

Structural Design Criteria

1.2 Site Conditions

Structural Design Criteria

1.3 Codes and standards

A. ACI American Concrete Institute

 ACI 207.1R Guide to Mass Concrete

 ACI 207.2R Report on Thermal and Volume Change Effects on

 ACI 224R -01 Control of Cracking in Concrete Structures

 ACI 301-10 Specifications for Structural Concrete

 ACI 311-4R-05 Guide for Concrete Inspection

 ACI 318 / 318S-05 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete

 ACI 350.3-06 Seismic Design of Liquid-Containing Concrete Structures

 ACI 351.3R-04 Foundation for Dynamic Equipment

 ACI 350 / 350R-06 Code Requirements for Environmental Engineering

 ACI SP-66 ACI Detailing Manual

B. AISC American Institute of Steel Construction

 AISC 360-05 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings

 AISC 303-05 Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and

 Specification for Structural Joints using ASTM A325-04b or A490-04a Bolts,

C. International Code Council

 2006 International Building Code (IBC) Q

Structural Design Criteria

E. ASCE/SEI American Society for Civil Engineers/ Structural Engineering Institute

 ASCE7/SEI-05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other

F. ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

 A1 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Tee Rails

 A36/A36M-08 Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel

 A53/A53M-07 Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-

 A123/A123M-15 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized)

 A193/A193M-09 Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless

 A283/A283M-13 Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile

 A307-07b Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and

 A325-09a Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat

 A490-09 Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel,

 A572/A572M-07 Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy

 A615/A615M-15 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-

Structural Design Criteria

 A786/A786M-05 Standard Specification for Hot-Rolled Carbon, Low-

 A992/A992M-06a Standard Specification for Structural Steel Shapes

 A1011/A1011M-10 Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-

 A1064/A1064M-15 Standard Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and

 C1107/C1107M-14 Standard Specification for Packaged Dry, Hydraulic-

 F436-09 Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers

 F1554-07a Standard Specification for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55

G. Instituto Nacional Normalización INN, Chile:

 NCh 170 Of85 Hormigón – Requisitos Generales.

 NCh 173-2008 Madera – Terminología General

 NCh 174-2007 Maderas – Unidades, dimensiones nominales, tolerancias y

 NCh 181-2006 Bloques de hormigón para uso estructural – Requisitos

 NCh 2004-2006 Acero - Barras laminadas en caliente para hormigón armado

 NCh 206-1956 Acero laminado en barras para pernos corrientes

 NCh 218-2009 Acero- Mallas electrosoldadas de alambre para hormigón

Structural Design Criteria

 NCh 300-1997 Elementos de fijación- Pernos, tuercas, tornillos y accesorios –

 NCh 301-1963 Pernos de acero con cabeza y tuercas hexagonales