Fundamentals of Manufacturing Processes

Understanding Manufacturing
DHEERENDRA KUMAR DWIVEDI
MECHANICAL & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

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 Manufacturing
• Derived from Latin words manus (hand) and factus (made)
which in English is expressed by word manufacture.
• Manufacturing
– Technologically: Physical and chemical processes to alter
size, shape and properties of material suitable for service
use
– Economically: (value addition) A step to convert raw material
into useful product of high value

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 Need
1. To create goods for human being to support living and
improve standard of life.
2. Producing more goods using less resource is the target to
cater needs of public in general
3. So productivity is of prime importance and is achieved by
reducing wastage in the form of scrap and defective
products

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 Resources for manufacturing
• In manufacturing for producing goods used are the
resources in the form of
– Natural resources (air, water, animal, wheat,
minerals etc.)
– Machine tool: plants, machines, tool, robots,
automation
Creation of goods for human being:
(Natural Resources) X (Man power)machine tool
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 Type of Industries
• Manufacturing Industry: Organization which produce or supply
good and services
– Primary industries: agriculture, fishing, mining,
– Secondary industries: uses output of primary industry
(manufacturing) e.g. wheat for making bread
– Tertiary industries (service): banking, medical, hotel, IT

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 Scope of manufacturing process
• Science and technology of manufacturing a product
effectively, efficiently, economically and environment friendly
through:
– Use of existing process
– Selection of input material, machine, environment
– Improvement in existing machine, and materials
– Development of newer processes systems, materials and
techniques

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 Need of improving and development
manufacturing processes
• To deal with requirement of
– Increasing productivity, quality, and economy to cope
with global competitiveness
– Increasing miniaturization, precision, of parts for
medical and electronic industries
– Processing of newer and exotic material for advance
applications in aerospace, nuclear industry