Sie sind auf Seite 1von 5

New Delhi: The year 2018 has done very little to reduce the burden of garbage piling on to

the urban man made mountains – landfills, in the country. Delhi’s oldest Ghazipur landfill
and Asia’s largest dumping ground – Deonar in Mumbai, continued to gather waste despite
the Supreme Court ordering a closure of these landfills. Meanwhile, Delhi’s biggest garbage
dump– Bhalswa landfill caught fire that took three days to douse. Recently, Mumbai’s second
largest dumping ground – Mulund landfill was permanently closed after it reached its
saturation point and then there was the fire at Ahmedabad’s sole landfill site at pirana, where
fumes emitting from garbage are a common sight for passersby.
While landfills continue to be an eyesore in the urban landscape and a crisis that most cities
are grappling with, there were a few notable exceptions – Indore, and Ambikapur that
declared themselves landfill free and emerged as benchmarks that others can follow.
According to the Central Pollution Control Board report of 2015-2016 which have the last
collated figures on the implementation of Solid Wastes Management Rules, 2016, over 1.3
lakh (1,35,198.27) tonnes of solid waste is generated per day in India. Of the total waste
generated, while over one lakh tonnes per day (1,11,027.55 TPD) is collected, only a fraction
– 25,572.25 TPD is treated and 47,415.62 TPD is landfilled.
To make sure cities go waste free, government also introduced seven star-rating
under Swachh Survekshan – a pan India exercise to assess cleanliness in urban India. The
seven star rating is the first-of-its kind rating tool for assessing cleanliness of cities and towns
in India, designed on a SMART approach that stands for Single metric, Measurable,
Achievable, Rigorous verification and Targeted towards outcomes. The criteria to achieve
seven star rating is 100 per cent door-to-door waste collection, 100 per cent waste treatment
and waste free local water bodies. All kinds of waste that is wet, dry and toxic is collected
together and dumped at a landfill. Once wet waste starts rotting and decomposing then you
have formation of methane gas which is not only a toxic greenhouse gas, but flammable also.
Because of the same, landfills are always under fire. It is just sometimes it is huge and
someone passing sees it, makes a video and posts it on social media and it becomes news,
says Chitra Mukherjee, Head of Programmes, Operations, Chintan.
“In Delhi, till date, about 10,500 tonnes of waste is collected per day. 6,100 TPD still goes to
waste to energy plant and this is all mixed waste. Only 200 TPD gets composted”, says Swati
Singh Sambyal, Programme Manager, Waste Management, Center for Science and
Environment.
The Problem: Currently, a portion of collected waste is dumped at some or the other landfill
and remaining is treated at waste-to-energy (WTE) plants at Sarojini Nagar, Narela-Bawana,
Ghazipur and Okhla. But are these WTE plants effective? Will they solve the problem?
Also Read: Ghazipur Landfill Polluting Air, Water And Soil Since 1984
Municipalities keep talking about WTE plants, but honestly they are pathetic, because all
kinds of waste goes into it and is burned. WTE plants are neither meeting emission norms,
nor helping in waste segregation and then recycling, says Chitra.
The problem in Delhi is lack of accountability and enforcement of Solid Waste
Management Rules (SWMR) of 2016. It has been two years and not even single law has been
implemented so far, reason being, as East Delhi Municipal Corporation says, lack of funds to
provide vehicles and other necessary things to waste pickers. As part of SWMR, waste should
be segregated at source and if not then defaulters will be penalised, but according to experts,
not even single case has been registered.
Also Read: Swachh India: Guide To Solid Waste Management Rules 2016
Segregation of waste at source ensures that biodegradable waste like kitchen waste is
composted, waste like plastic that can be recycled is sent to relevant facilities and only what
remains make it way to the landfill. Unlike now where bulk of the waste is piling up at these
landfills.
The Solution: To deal with the humoungous amount of waste, earlier this year Supreme
Court asked Lieutenant Governor of Delhi to form a committee and come up with solutions.
A 24 member team comprising civil society members, RWA (Resident Welfare Association)
representatives, municipalities and others was formed and the committee is expected to
submit its report in the first week of 2019.
Also Read: Despite New Waste Management Rules, Delhi’s Ghazipur Landfill Grows 15
Metres In A Year
The committee is of the opinion that effective enforcement of SWMR of 2016 will help in
managing the waste and making municipalities accountable. Being a member of the
committee, Chitra knows the on ground issues and says,
The problem is citizens do not connect their responsibility with the landfill. Lot of people
complain that we segregate waste at home, but waste pickers mix it. So, who is at fault? Of
course, the municipalities as they do not have a dedicated stream for segregated waste.
For remediation that is to stop the environmental damage being caused by Bhalswa landfill,
lifespan which lapsed in 2009 and yet it continues to be in use a decade later, a nine member
Scientific Advisory Committee has been constituted under the chairmanship of Dr. Manoj
Dutta, Professor, IIT Delhi. According to the committee’s recommendation, adoption of
landfill mining (process of excavating landfilled solid wastes and processing it) is not a viable
option. In the first stage, the committee has asked the municipal corporation to carry out site
characterisation under which it needs to collect data on the quantum of waste under and
above the ground, type and quality of waste, and other parameters for assessing the current
state of the landfill. Once it is done, the nine member committee will prepare the design of
the work to be done at the Bhalswa landfill site. While the investigation and design of the
project is under progress, execution of plan is scheduled for March 31, 2020 which is still one
and a half years from now. If that works well, similar steps can be taken for Ghazipur and
Okhla landfill, maybe.
LIENT FEATURE OF OKHLA The Okhla Landfill site is located India. The landfill is
owned and Corporation of Delhi. The waste disposal landfill has approximately 5.6 million
place, and was to be closed in 2008 capacity of about 6.3 million tonnes. covers a total of 54
acres, which is with waste. The waste mass has an meters, with steep slide slopes. The current
gas collection, flaring or utilization Latest Details : FROM 1ST APRIL2009 2009 TYPE
TRIP MALWA 18884 SLIT, SLUDGE 3650 GARBAGE 76079 Source : Mr. Narayan Singh
( Mate Landfill site ) Neha Sinha ; October, 2014 transmitted by flies feeding OKHLA
LANDFILL SITE in Delhi, the capital city of and operated by Municipal disposal started in
1994. The million tonnes of waste in 2008 after reaching a site tonnes. The existing landfill
almost completely covered estimated depth of 20 to 30 The landfill does not have a
utilization system.

Based on the survey and observation of the waste at okhla landfill site, it observation that the
waste segregated and hence the energy that can be the waste by using suitable technology is
not vehicles that are used for the transportation are condition to work for long time and are in
need and hence the waste is not treated properly. The scattered on the roadside instead of bins
which the proper collection of waste. The landfill site attention, it is located near to the
residential areas harm to the environment and the people living as harmful gases are emitted
and there is no venting. It is being proposed from the government process) to produce
electricity from the municipal but for this the major problem is of segregation cannot be
worked out successfully. The availability bins is inadequate and people are disposing
haphazard manner. Waste is burnt in some places public nuisance. It observed from the study
that of waste management needs to be improved scientifically. Solid waste management is
challenging fields of modern urban living colossal scale to be managed effectively.
Simultaneously, need to address the environmental issues and – Landfill Site) Journal of
Basic and Applied Engineering Research (JBAER) 0077; Online ISSN: 2350-0255; Volume
1, Number 4; October, 2014 waste management waste is not being recovered from not
possible. The are not in proper need of servicing The waste are also which provided for site
needs proper areas it can cause living near to the site provision of gas government (under
municipal solid waste segregation without this it availability of storage disposing waste in
places and cause that the condition and maintained is one of the and it has its Simultaneously,
we associated water issues, global warming and Green tackling this waste problems.
Engineered the options available and practical landfill design and operation have
understanding of all variables. All considered from the viewpoint of appropriate technologies
to acheive 4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am thankful to Prof. Emran Khan Islamia) for their
Kind guidance and REFERENCES [1] Manual on Municipal Solid Waste Urban
Development, Government [2] Environmental Engineering By A Mc Graw – Hill Publisihing
Company [3] Elements of Environmental Science Meenakshi, Prentice Hall of India [4]
Environmental Science By Dr. Jyoti [5] Handbook of Solid Waste Management [6]
Foundation of Environmental Studies Bhargava [7] Air pollutionVolume IV Engineering By
Arthur C. Stern. 77 Volume 1, Number 4; October, 2014 house gas emissions while
Engineered landfilling is one of practical approaches to improve have to be acheived by
proper All these aspects have to be of economic feasibility and acheive best sustainable
solutions.
4. Waste collection in Delhi As per information provided by MCDs, there are two waste
collection systems running in Delhi. Under one system, collection is done through formal
sector by the municipal staff or by an authorized party or private concessionaire. Under the
other, the informal sector is responsible for door-to-door collection of garbage, which is
further transported to dhalaos after the waste picker takes up the recyclable fraction. The
informal sector is integrated into the collection systems by an informal contractor. As
documented in CSE’s report, ‘Not in My Backyard’, 2016, there are about 300,000-400,000
ragpickers in Delhi, who play a critical role in the recycling industry and help prevent tonnes
of recyclable waste from reaching the dumpsites. There is an urgent need to integrate
(upscale) the two collection systems and incentivise the collector to collect segregated waste.
MSW is collected daily from storage /receptacles /collection centers/ (dhalaos/dustbins/)
existing at different places in all statutory bodies of Delhi. This MSW does not include
segregated waste picked up by waste pickers / kabariwala at the doorstep and Collection
Centers. This waste generated by the citizens is deposited in the receptacles either by the
citizens themselves or through private waste pickers and the same is taken to various facilities
for processing/disposal. NDMC is carrying out door-to-door collection and segregation of
MSW in its jurisdiction. As per the 2021 Master Plan, community bins or dhalaos need to be
provided in 100 sq m of space for every 10,000 people; in addition to this, another 200 sq m
of space must be provided for LONG TERM ACTION PLAN FOR SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT IN DELHI 18 segregation of non-biodegradable wastes. But the DDA does
not provide adequate space for storage of waste in both existing and new colonies that are
being planned. In SDMC area, all the dhalaos are being converted to fixed compactor transfer
stations (FCTS) due to the menace and nuisance that dhalaos have created in the past. Also,
in all the other MCD’s, the plan is to phase out dhalaos. It has been proposed to either convert
them to Material Recovery Facilities or FCTSs.

South Delhi Municipal Corporation • Najafgarh Zone have street to street collection by auto
tippers. • At present door to door • collection of MSW is being done by the informal sector
i.e. waste pickers. However, SDMC provides resources such as auto tippers, E-rickshaws,
cycle-rickshaws, and Wheel Barrows for Street level collection • After the primary collection
of solid waste, the same is transferred to i) Fixed Compactor Transfer Stations (FCTS) ii)
Mobile Compactors. • The secondary transport of MSW through the FCTSs/Mobile
Compactors involves disposing the solid waste. They compress the waste and reduce their
volume. • The work of solid waste is being carried out by private sector in three out of the
four zones of SDMC namely Central Zone, South Zone and West Zone. • The fourth zone
namely the Najafgarh Zone is managed through deployment of departmental trucks, loaders,
excavators as well as the departmental labour. Dhalao/ Dustbin 756 Wheel Barrows 2900
Tricycle/ Rickshaw 982 Auto tippers 274 The primary and secondary collection of MSW has
been awarded to concessionaires for three zones in SDMC the average cost of collection and
transportation is approximately Rs.1800/MT. Namely three agencies are M/s ILFS, AtoZ,
SSIL for central zone, west zone and south zone respectively. And tender for Najafgarh zone
on PPP Mode has been called. SDMC outsourced the work of Collection and Transportation
of Municipal Solid Waste, Street Sweeping Waste, Green Waste and Construction and
Demolition (C&D) Waste in Central Zone to the concessionaire vide agreement dated
19.11.2015 for a period of seven years. Following tipping fee be paid to the concessionaire:-
i. MSW and street Sweeping Waste: @Rs. 1727/- per Metric Ton (MT) ii. Drain Silt: @Rs.
1430/- per Metric Ton (MT) iii. Green Waste: @Rs. 2452/- per Metric Ton (MT) iv. C&D
Waste: @Rs. 158/- per Metric Ton (MT)

8.2 Sanitary Land Fill Sites


8.2.1Existing Sanitary Land Fill Sites[1] :
 Ghazipur (70Acres),
 Okhla (56Acres),
 Bhlasawa (40Acres)
8.2.2Proposed sites:
 Jaitpur (26 Acres)
 Bawana (150 Acres

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen