CHAPTER 4: HEAT 3.
When an uncalibrated mercury-in-glass thermometer is dipped
Understanding Thermal Equilibrium
1. The length of mercury thread in an uncalibrated thermometer
at ice point and steam point are 5 cm and 25 cm respectively.
When the thermometer is used to measure the temperature of
an unknown liquid, the length of the mercury thread is 20 cm.
What is the temperature of the liquid?
2. A student dips an uncalibrated alcohol-in-glass thermometer in
melting ice, then in the steam of boiling water and lastly in sea
water. Each time the student marks the height of the alcohol
column reached as shown in diagram 1. What is the
temperature of the sea water in oC
into ice (0oC), the length of the mercury column is 18 mm.
When it is put into steam (100oC), the length of the mercury
column is 138mm. What is the length of the mercury column
when the thermometer is dipped into a hot liquid of 50oC?
4. The resistance of the resistance thermometer iss 100 Ω at
100oC and 240 Ω at 300oC. If the resistance of the resistance
thermometer is directly proportional to the temperature,
a. What is the temperature in 0C when the resistance of the
thermometer is 350 Ω?
b. What is the resistance of the resistance thermometer if the
temperature recorded is 160 0C?
 Understanding Specific Heat Capacity
1. Calculate the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of
5 kg of aluminium from 20 0C to 100 0C. [specific heat capacity
of aluminium is 900 J kg-1 0C-1]
2. A spherical lead ball is released from a height of 455 m to the
surface of the earth. If the specific heat capacity of lead is 130 J
kg-1 0C-1., estimate the rise of the temperature of the lead ball
when it reaches the surface of the earth.
3. What is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of
2.5 kg of water from 32 0C to 82 0C ?
[specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg-1 0C-1]
4. An aluminium blocks of mass 750 g at 120 0C is left to cool
until the temperature becomes 45 0C. What is the amount of
heat energy lost?
[specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J kg-1 0C-1]
5. If the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of a steel
block of mass 800 g from 20 oC to 220 oC is 5.4 x 104 J, what is
its specific heat capacity?
6. If the heat energy supplied to raise the temperature of a 40 kg
lead block is 7.8 x 105 J, what is the change of temperature of
the lead block?
[specific heat capacity of lead is 130 J kg-1 0C-1.]
7. If the quantity of the heat energy needed to heat up a certain 10.
amount of water from 30oC to its boiling point is 2.94 x 106 J,
what is the mass of water?
[Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 x 103 J kg-1 0C-1.]
11.
8. A lead block has a specific heat capacity of 130 J kg-1 0C-1 , is
under free fall from a building of height 52 m. Assuming that
all gravitational potential energy of the lead block is converted
into heat energy upon reaching the ground, what is the increase
in temperature of the lead block?
12.
9. A liquid of mass m kg is cooled from 70 0C to 300C. The total
heat energy lost is 8400 J. What is the value of m if the specific
heat capacity of the liquid is 4200 J kg-1 0C-1 ?
An electric heater which has a power of 700 W is used to heat
up 2 kg of water. If the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J
kg-1 0C-1 , what is the time taken to raise the temperature of the
water from 28 oC to 53 oC? ( Assume that all the electrical
energy is used to heat the water)
A metal block P of mass 5 kg is heated with an electric heater
of 240 V, 300 W. It is known that the temperature of the block
increases by 10 oC when the heater is used for 1 minute and 30
seconds. If the heat loss is neglected, what is the specific heat
capacity of the metal block P in J kg-1 0C-1 ?
When an immersion heater of power 2.5 kW is used to heat up
1.7 kg of water, the temperature rises by 40 oC in 2 minutes.
Assuming that there is no heat loss to the surroundings, what is
the time taken for the heater of 5 kW to heat up 170 kg of water
by the same amount of temperature?
13. A cooler is connected to a container which holds 2kg of water
at 50 oC. If the cooler absorbs heat at a rate of 600 J s-1, what is
the time taken to cool the water from 50 oC to 0 oC? Assume
that there is no heat loss to the surrounding. [Specific heat
capacity of water is 4200 J kg-1 0C-1.]
14. When 1 g of alcohol is heated, it produces 1.5 kJ of heat energy.
What is the mass of alcohol needed to heat up 2.5 kg of olive oil
from 30 0C to 90 0C. Assume that all the heat produced by the
alcohol is absorbed by the olive oil?
[Specific heat capacity of olive oil = 2000 J Kg-1 oC-1]
15. 800 g of liquid X at 30 0C is mixed with the same liquid of mass
M at 80 0C. The final temperature after mixing is 60 0C. What is
the value of M?
16. A metal block X with a mass of 300 g is heated in boiling water
for 10 minutes. The metal block is then immediately transferred
to a water of 30 oC in a polystyrene container. The maximum
temperature reached is 60 oC. If the mass of water in the
polystyrene container is 200 g, calculate the specific heat
capacity of metal X? [Specific heat capacity of water =4200 J
Kg-1oC-1]
17. An immersion heater which has a power of 300 W, is inserted
into a metal block. The metal block has a mass of 1.5 kg and its
specific heat capacity is 400 J Kg-1 oC-1 . What is the increase in
temperature in every 5 s when the heater is on? Assume there is
no heat loss to the surroundings during heating.
18. A 300 g stone ,which has temperature of 6oC, is inserted into
600 g of water with temperature 28oC. Assuming that there is
no heat loss the surroundings and the heat lost by the water is
equal to the heat absorbed by the stone, determine the final
temperature of the stone.
[Specific heat capacity of stone =840 J Kg-1oC-1,Specific heat
capacity of water =4200 J Kg-1oC-1]