National Law University Odisha, Cuttack

A project work on Science of Politics

Topic: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan – A Political Analysis

Under the guidance of:

Prof.(Dr.) Suvrashree Panda Ma’am

B.A. L.L.B
Semester I
Batch 2018-2023

Submitted By - Aayush Akar (002), Aditi Mohan (003), Bipin Punia(027)

Acknowledgement

“No one who achieves success does so without acknowledging the help of others. The wise and
confident acknowledges this help with gratitude.”

-Alfred North Whitehead

“Project Work is a learning experience which aims to provide students with the opportunity to
synthesize knowledge from various areas of learning, and critically and creatively apply it to real
life situations. This process, which enhances students’ knowledge and enables them to acquire
skills like collaboration, communication, and independent learning, prepares them for lifelong
learning and the challenges ahead”1

As a matter of first importance, we might want to express our sincere thanks to our subject
teacher Dr. Suvrashree Panda Ma'am for sharing her valuable thoughts for the successful
completion of project work. It was just under her direction and consistent guidance that we could
finish our project work. Her sources of information and learning were the basis of understanding
the essentials of the project.

Introduction

“We can no more gain God’s blessing with an unclean body than with an unclean mind. A
clean body cannot reside in an unclean city.”
- Mahatma Gandhi
The World Health Organization states that: Sanitation generally refers to the provision of
facilities and services for the safe disposal of human urine and feces. Inadequate sanitation is a
major cause of disease world-wide and improving sanitation is known to have a significant
beneficial impact on health both in households and across communities. The word 'sanitation'
also refers to the maintenance of hygienic conditions, through services such as garbage collection
and wastewater disposal.

1
“Project Work” (Project Work) <https://www.moe.gov.sg/education/programmes/project-work> accessed, August 13,2018

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SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN – POLITICAL ANALYSIS
Gandhi Ji helped India to gain freedom from Britishers, but his dream of clean India is still
unfulfilled.

Thus to meet the need, government has initiated Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

The Abhiyan was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 2nd of October, 2014 at
Rajghat, New Delhi with an aim to make India clean. Aim is to provide sanitation facilities to
every family, including toilets, solid and liquid waste disposal systems, village cleanliness, and
safe and adequate drinking water supply by 2nd October, 2019. It will be a befitting tribute to the
Father of the Nation on his 150th birth anniversary.

It has been expected that the investment to cost would be over 62000 crore of Indian rupee
(means US$ of 9.7 billion). It has been declared by the government that this campaign is taken as
“beyond politics” and “inspired by patriotism”. Following are the some important objectives of
the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan:

 To eradicate the system of open defecation in India.

 To remove the system of manual scavenging.
 To make people aware of healthy sanitation practices by bringing behavioural
changes in people.
 To link people with the programmes of sanitation and public health in order to
generate public awareness.

Corporate India is also enthusiastically taking steps towards making the Abhiyan a success.

Public and Private companies are appending in cleanliness activities under their compulsory
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) schemes which is a statutory requirement as per
Companies Act, 2013. CSR is a mechanism through which companies invest in activities
beneficial to society as a whole.

There are also some issues that are proving to be a roadblocks to India’s swachh dreams as like
the task of constructing toilets in cities and towns with already limited space is an arduous one
and urban civic bodies are often struggling to find enough space to build toilets.

This mission is supposed to cost Rs. 62,000 crores, of which one-fourth will be borne by the
Union Government and the rest by the state governments and the local municipal bodies. The last

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SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN – POLITICAL ANALYSIS
bit of the contribution remains the trickiest part, as municipal bodies often cite unavailability of
funds.

Next biggest challenge is to change the mindset of millions of people. It would be difficult for
government to break that mindset and infuse a brand new thinking.

Objectives– ISACA India Cybersecurity Initiative

1. To understand the importance and every other aspect of this mission.

2. To get to know about the achievements of this mission so far.
3. To determine the challenges ahead in path of this mission.
4. To determine the different political views about this mission.

Researcher’s Question

The research work and submission of this project primarily are driven by the following set of
questions that we shall deal with in this submission.

 What is Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and how it is important for the society?
 What is the current scenario of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in our nation?
 What are the different challenges that are faced by government in implementing this
mission?
 What can be the hurdles to be faced in implementing this mission in near future?
 What are the different political views regarding this issue from the past to the present?

Scope of Research

The research work is strictly restricted to India, wherein we will analyze the Swachh Bharat
Abhiyan from a political view point.
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SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN – POLITICAL ANALYSIS
Citation Method

The literally meaning of citing is to acknowledge the author, article, journal, book and another
source from where we have taken references for our research work. The citation format adopted
in this research project work is The Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal
Authorities (OSCOLO). The citation is uniform throughout.

Conclusion
To sum up the issue, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a wonderful programme which was long
overdue. It can be accomplished by October 2019 provided the Government of India develops an
effective financial model and deploys efficient administrative machinery to execute this program.
As the goal of making India free from open defecation were to be achieved attention would have
to be paid to concerns like maintaining ODF status is important after a village, block or district is
declared ODF. To make ODF sustainable, monitoring / spot-checking is required for at least one
year after ODF status is achieved. Volunteers should be motivated to check the condition of
sanitation and should be offered good incentives as a necessity. For behavioural change of the
society, a trained workforce is needed that can trigger communities. This involves taking the
community through a participatory process of self-analysis where people are informed about the
ill effects of inadequate sanitation – how it can adversely affect human life if proper facilities are
not used. To address the issue of over/under reporting of government set targets, verification of
facts on the ground is extremely important.

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