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Aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of agriculture in the world. Since 2005, global aquaculture has
grown at an impressive rate of 5.8% annually. Over the next decade, all indications show continued
growth.
Many major industries have a certain level of reliance on aquaculture production to stimulate their
economic expansion. The food industry, especially, is influenced by changes that occur in aquaculture—
for example, more than half of seafood consumed worldwide is produced by the aquaculture sector.
Less antibiotics
A focus on sustainability
1. Less Antibiotics
Aquaculture producers faced intense pressure in 2017 for their overuse of antimicrobials, which resulted
in the widespread proliferation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR has the dangerous potential to
“compromise the treatment of bacterial infections” in both aquaculture species and humans.
With the World Health Organization labeling AMR a major threat to worldwide health, the discussion of
antibiotic use will take center stage in 2018. Many organizations are already calling for restrictions on the
use of antibiotics and—in some cases—proposals have been presented to completely halt the use of
antibiotics.
From 1970 to 1995, “the number of fishers and fish farmers more than doubled” to 30 million
worldwide. By 2020, the aquaculture industry is expected to grow at a healthy CAGR of approximately
4%. Among the list of countries planning to expand their aquaculture market share are China, India, the
United States, Norway, Russia, Nigeria, and many more.
During the World Aquaculture Society’s annual conference in 2017, Africa was the main topic of
conversation. Many African nations are turning to aquaculture as the answer to some of their food
production woes. Countries like Nigeria, Madagascar, and Zambia are currently the largest producers of
aquaculture on the African continent.
3. A Focus on Sustainability
Environmental degradation
Aquaculture farms that deplete many of the environment’s natural resources can easily disrupt natural
habitats. Shrimp farms are especially notorious for contributing to environmental devastation.
Native species populations often dwindle when farmed species escape and begin to compete for food
sources. In addition, farmed species can drastically alter native gene pools when introduced to the wild.
Feed
Fishmeal is the main source of feed in many aquaculture operations. Approximately one third of all
globally captured fish are used to create fishmeal or oil. This results in the overfishing of many native
species, which tends to suppress natural reproduction rates.
Aquaculture equipment has changed dramatically over the past 70 years. From wooden cages in the
1960’s to the current standard of polyethylene cages and hinged steel cages, equipment has slowly
shifted from a mechanical to a more technological focus.
Feed systems have also changed to meet the growing demand for higher inclusion of nutrients in
aquaculture diets. Feed additives have proven to be especially effective at improving both the
composition and the nutritional quality of feed.
In an industry that’s experiencing massive development, aquaculture shows great promise despite
exhibiting signs of growing pains. One thing is for sure—2018 will usher in a year filled with more growth
and more change for aquaculture.
Amon
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