CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE SMI patients are at:

- 53% higher risk for having CVD

and SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS - 78% higher risk for developing CVD
- 85% higher risk of death from CVD

Group contribution:
Rezwan – Introduction to cardiovascular disease
(CVD) and severe mental illness (SMI)
Bona – Causes contributing factors of CVD in SMI
Meera – Connection between CVD and
schizophrenia
Asley – Treatments and interventions to address
CVD in patients with schizophrenia
Dea – Potential impact and implications of CVD for
patients with schizophrenia and the patient
experience of treatments and interventions
Jessica & Adrian – Relevance to nursing practice
Definitions:
Severe mental illness - People with psychological issues
that are severe, to an extent that debilitates their
ability to engage in functional and regular daily
activities. Some SMIs include schizophrenia, bipolar
disorder, and major depression.
Cardiovascular disease - Class of diseases that involve
the heart and blood vessels e.g. coronary artery disease
and congestive heart failure

The life expectancy for schizophrenia patients is lower than that of the overall population with cardiac related co-
morbidities being the largest contributor to this decreased life expectancy. The following table highlights reasons
why patients with schizophrenia have an increased risk of developing CVD risk factors.

Impact of schizophrenia on CVD risk factors

Nursing implications
 Holistic care and collaboration
 Regular screening
 Being aware of cardiovascular risk factors
 Health education for nurses
 Education for nursing staff to increase
knowledge and confidence in initiating and
undertaking
physical health care
 Medication management
 Monitoring for metabolic side effects
 Monitoring of metabolic side effects
 Lifestyle interventions
 Diet and exercise
 Setting realistic goals and smaller goals –
Positive achievement
 Smoking cessation
 Implications and impacts of CVD in patients

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