Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Florida
Larson Algebra 1
Chapter Resources
Volume 2: Chapters 7-12
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 XXX 15 14 13 12 11 10 09
Contents
Chapter 7 Systems of Equations and Inequalities
Chapter Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–4
7.1 Solve Linear Systems by Graphing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–15
7.2 Solve Linear Systems by Substitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16–21
7.3 Solve Linear Systems by Adding or Subtracting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22–28
7.4 Solve Linear Systems by Multiplying First . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29–35
7.5 Solve Special Types of Linear Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36–44
7.6 Solve Systems of Linear Inequalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45–55
Chapter Review Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Algebra 1
Chapter Resource Book iii
Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations and Functions
Chapter Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175–178
10.1 Graph y 5 ax 2 1 c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179–187
10.2 Graph y 5 ax 2 1 bx 1 c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188–201
10.3 Solve Quadratic Equations by Graphing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202–211
10.4 Use Square Roots to Solve Quadratic Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212–218
10.5 Solve Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219–227
10.6 Solve Quadratic Equations by the Quadratic Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228–234
10.7 Interpret the Discriminant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235–240
10.8 Compare Linear, Exponential, and Quadratic Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241–251
Chapter Review Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Algebra 1
iv Chapter Resource Book
Contents
Descriptions of Resources
This Chapter Resource Book is organized by lessons within the chapter in order to make
your planning easier. The following materials are provided:
Family Letter This guide helps families contribute to student success by providing
an overview of the chapter along with questions and activities for families to work on
together.
Graphing Calculator Activities with Keystrokes Keystrokes for two models of
calculators are provided for each Graphing Calculator Activity in the Student Edition.
Activity Support Masters These blackline masters make it easier for students to
record their work on selected activities in the Student Edition.
Practice A, B, and C These exercises offer additional practice for the material in each
lesson, including application problems. There are three levels of practice for each lesson:
A (basic), B (average), and C (advanced).
Review for Mastery These two pages provide additional instruction, worked-out
examples, and practice exercises covering the key concepts and vocabulary in each lesson.
Problem Solving Workshops These blackline masters provide extra problem solving
opportunities in addition to the workshops given in the textbook. There are three types of
workshops: Alternative Methods, Worked-Out Examples, and Mixed Problem Solving.
Challenge Practice These exercises offer challenging practice on the mathematics of
each lesson.
Chapter Review Game This worksheet offers fun practice at the end of the chapter
and provides an alternative way to review the chapter content in preparation for the
Chapter Test.
Gridded Response Answer Sheet This page provides 12 answer grids for the teacher
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
to copy and distribute as needed for use with the Gridded Response questions in the Problem
Solving Workshops.
Algebra 1
Chapter Resource Book v
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter
7 For use with Chapter 7
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Chapter Overview One way you can help your student succeed in Chapter 7 is
by discussing the lesson goals in the chart below. When a lesson is completed, ask your
student the following questions. “What were the goals of the lesson? What new words
and formulas did you learn? How can you apply the ideas of the lesson to your life?”
7.1: Solve Linear Systems by Graph and solve systems of • Rental Business
Graphing linear equations. • Television
• Fitness
7.2: Solve Linear Systems by Solve systems of linear equations • Websites
Substitution by substitution. • Antifreeze
• Fundraising
7.3: Solve Linear Systems by Solve linear systems using • Kayaking
Adding or Subtracting elimination. • Rowing
• Cellular Phones
7.4: Solve Linear Systems by Solve linear systems by • Book Sale
Multiplying First multiplying first. • Music
• Farm Products
7.5: Solve Special Types of Identify the number of solutions • Art
Linear Systems of a linear system. • Recreation
• Photography
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
In Chapter 7, you will apply the key ideas listed in the Chapter Opener (see page 437)
and reviewed in the Chapter Summary (see page 489).
1. Solving linear systems by graphing
2. Solving linear systems using algebra
3. Solving systems of linear inequalities
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 1
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter continued
7 For use with Chapter 7
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Lesson Exercise
7.5 Tell whether the linear system has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many
solutions. Explain.
(a) 3x 2 y 5 9 (b) 26x 1 8y 5 12
6x 2 2y 5 10 9x 2 12y 5 218
Directions Write systems of inequalities for triangular shaded regions that would
be located solely within each of the four quadrants.
Answers
Algebra 1
2 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia
7 Usar con el Capítulo 7
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Vistazo al capítulo Una manera en que puede ayudar a su hijo a tener éxito
en el Capítulo 7 es hablar sobre los objetivos de la lección en la tabla a continuación.
Cuando se termina una lección, pregúntele a su hijo lo siguiente: “¿Cuáles fueron los
objetivos de la lección? ¿Qué palabras y fórmulas nuevas aprendiste? ¿Cómo puedes
aplicar a tu vida las ideas de la lección?”
• Fotografía
7.6: Resolver sistemas de Resolver sistemas de • Béisbol
desigualdades lineales desigualdades lineales con dos • Puntajes de concursos
variables
• Peces
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 3
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia continúa
7 Usar con el Capítulo 7
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Ideas clave Su hijo puede demostrar la comprensión de las ideas clave al hacer
los siguientes ejercicios con usted.
Lección Ejercicio
Respuestas
Algebra 1
4 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Graphing Calculator Activity Keystrokes
7.1 For use with page 446
LESSON 7.1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 5
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
1
3 3
1 3 5 x
21
1 1
23
1 3 5 x 23 x
21
D. y x E. y F. y
23 21
21 1
1 23
x
21 1 3 5
Use the graph to solve the linear system. Check your solution.
13. 4x 1 3y 5 5 14. 2x 1 3y 5 9 15. 5x 2 y 5 24
2x 2 y 5 5 4x 2 y 5 8 22x 1 y 5 1
y y y
5
1
21 1 3 5 x
21
1
23 1 3 x
23 21
21 1 3 5 x
21
Algebra 1
6 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
5 1 9
21 1 3 5 x
3 21 3
29 23 3 9 x
1 23 23
21 1 3 5 x
21 25 29
LESSON 7.1
y 5 4x 2 9 y5x15 22x 1 y 5 28
y y y
9 5
6
3 3
2
29 23 3 9 x
23 1
26 22 2 6 x
22
25 23 21 1 x
29 21
26
(in thousands of people) of the Buffalo, New York area and 1250
Buffalo
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
the Charlotte, North Carolina area. Use the graph to find the 1200
year in which the populations of these two areas were the same. 1150
What was the population? 1100
Charlotte
1050
1000
950
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
Years since 1990
for $1.50 per gallon bottle. The orange juice was $2 per gallon 14
bottle. You spent $26. Write algebraic models for the situation. 12
Then graph the algebraic models. How many bottles of each 10
type of juice did you buy? 8
6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x
Bottles of apple juice
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 7
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
Use the graph to solve the linear system. Check your solution.
7. x 2 y 5 8 8. 5x 2 y 5 29 9. 2x 1 3y 5 2
x 1 y 5 22 y 1 2x 5 2 22x 1 y 5 6
LESSON 7.1
y y y
1 3 5 x
21 5
23 3
25 1
23 21 3 x 21 1 x
23 3 3
25 1 1
25 23 21 x 23 21 1 3 x
25
26
Algebra 1
8 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
23 21 1 x
21
215 29 3 x
25
215 5 x
LESSON 7.1
5x 1 y 5 29 3x 1 2y 5 2 5x 2 2y 5 24
y y y
21
9
15
22 6 10 x
22
9
29 23 9 x
26
3
29
29 23 9 x
baskets. The plants you have picked out are blooming annuals 35
and non-blooming annuals. The blooming annuals cost $3.20 30
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
each and the non-blooming annuals cost $1.50 each. You bought 25
a total of 24 plants for $49.60. Write a linear system of equations 20
that you can use to find how many of each type of plant you 15
10
bought. Then graph the linear system and use the graph to find
5
how many of each type of plant you bought.
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 x
Blooming annuals
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 9
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
2 1 11 2 3 1 19
10. } x 2 } y 5 2} 11. } x 1 } y 5 2 12. 4x 2 } y 5 2}
3 3 3 5 5 3 3
Algebra 1
10 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
13. 1.8x 2 2.2y 5 24.2 14. 21.4x 1 6y 5 24.6 15. 3.2x 2 y 5 8.8
0.5x 1 3.2y 5 21.7 0.2x 1 y 5 0.2 5x 2 2.5y 5 10
y y y
7 10 6
5 6 2
22 2 6 10 x
3 2 22
210 26 22 2 x
1 22 26
21 1 3 5 x
3
16. Find the values for m and b so that the system y 5 } x 2 2 and y 5 mx 1 b has (8, 4)
4
LESSON 7.1
as a solution.
y
17. The graphs of the three lines given below form a triangle. 7
Line 2: x 1 2y 5 2
1
Line 3: 2x 1 y 5 4
23 21 1 3 x
21
18. Investments A total of $45,000 is invested into two funds paying 5.5% and
6.5% annual interest. The combined annual interest is $2725. How much of the
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
$45,000 is invested in each type of fund? (Hint: Write one equation for the
amount invested in each fund and another for the interest earned.)
19. Umbrella Sales The table shows the number of automatic and
y
manual opening umbrellas sold at a shop in 2000 and 2005.
Number of umbrellas
35
Use a linear model to represent the sales of each type of 30
umbrella. Let t 5 0 correspond to 2000. Sketch the graphs 25
and estimate when the number of automatic umbrellas sold 20
equaled the number of manual umbrellas sold. 15
10
Year 2000 2005 5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 t
Automatic 15 25 Years since 2000
Manual 25 15
20. Credit Account With a minimum purchase of $100, you can open a credit account
at a music store. The store is offering either $25 or 20% off your purchase if you
open a credit account. You make a purchase of $135 and decide to open a credit
account. Should you choose $25 or 20% off your purchase? Explain.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 11
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
Vocabulary
A system of linear equations, or simply a linear system, consists of
two or more linear equations in the same variables.
A solution of a system of linear equations in two variables is an
ordered pair that satisfies each equation in the system.
23 3 x
23
Algebra 1
12 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
STEP 3 Check whether (21, 21) is a solution by substituting 21 for x and 21 for
y in each of the original equations.
Equation 1 Equation 2
x 2 3y 5 2 25x 1 y 5 4
21 2 3(21) 0 2 25(21) 1 (21) 0 4
21 1 3 0 2 52104
252✓ 454✓
Because the ordered pair (21, 21) is a solution of each equation, it is a solution of
the system.
LESSON 7.1
Delivery Service The Rosebud Flower Shop has a basic delivery charge of $5 plus a
rate of $.25 per mile. The Beautiful Bouquets Shop has a basic delivery charge of $7
plus a rate of $.20 per mile. Determine the number of miles a delivery must be for the
charges to be equal.
Solution
STEP 1 Write a linear system. Let x be the number of miles driven and y be the total
cost of the delivery.
y 5 5 1 0.25x Equation for Rosebud Flower Shop
y 5 7 1 0.20x Equation for Beautiful Bouquets Shop
STEP 2 Graph both equations.
Delivery Service
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
18
15
STEP 4 Check whether (40, 15) is a solution. 12
Equation 1 Equation 2 9
y 5 5 1 0.25x y 5 7 1 0.20x 6
3
15 0 5 1 0.25(40) 15 0 7 1 0.20(40) 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 x
15 5 15 ✓ 15 515 ✓ Miles driven
5x 2 2y 5 27 5x 1 2y 5 18 7x 2 4y 5 220
4. In Example 3, suppose Rosebud Flower Shop increases its basic charge to
$10, and Beautiful Bouquets raises its basic charge to $13. Determine when
the costs will be equal.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 13
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Problem Solving Workshop:
7.1
Worked Out Example
For use with pages 439–445
PROBLEM Aerobics A fitness club offers two aerobics classes. There are currently 28 people
going to the afternoon class and attendance is increasing at a rate of 2 people per
month. There are currently 16 people going to the night class and attendance is
increasing at a rate of 4 people per month. Predict when the number of people in
each class will be the same.
STEP 1 Read and Understand
What do you know? The number of people that go to each aerobic class and
the increase each month.
What do you want to find out? When each class has the same number of
people.
LESSON 7.1
STEP 2 Make a Plan Use what you know to write and solve a linear system.
STEP 3 Solve the Problem Let x be the number of months and y be the number of
people in the class.
An equation that models the afternoon Number of people y
class is y 5 2x 1 28. 50
40 y 5 2x 1 28
An equation that models the night class 30
is y 5 4x 1 16. 20
y 5 4x 1 16
Graph both equations. The point of 10
intersection occurs at the point (6, 40). 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x
Number of months
After 6 months, both the afternoon class
and the night class have the same number
of people, 40.
PRACTICE 1. Carpet Store A charges $4 per square 3. What If? For the next football game,
foot for carpeting and $95 for installa- you sell 241 tickets and collect $1315.
tion. Store B charges $6 per square foot How many of each type of ticket did
for carpeting and $75 for installation. you sell?
Find the square footage for which the
total cost is the same for each store. 4. Bowling Alley A charges $2.25 per
game of bowling and $1.75 for shoe
2. Football You are selling tickets to a rentals. Alley B charges $2 per game
football game. Student tickets cost of bowling and $2.75 for shoe rentals.
$4 and general admission tickets cost Find the number of games for which
$7. You sell 213 tickets and collect the total cost is the same to bowl at
$1146. How many of each type of each alley.
ticket did you sell?
Algebra 1
14 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
7.1 For use with pages 439–445
3a 1 2b 3b 2 2a
3. (4, 1); 4. 1}
b 1a b 1a 2
2
,} ; 2 2 2
x 1 2y 5 6
ax 1 by 5 3
2x 2 3y 5 4
bx 2 ay 5 2
In Exercises 5 and 6, use the table that shows the numbers of households
LESSON 7.1
in two cities in the years 1990 and 2000.
1990 2000
5. For each city, write a linear model to represent the number of households at time t,
where t represents the number of years since 1990.
6. Use a graph to estimate when the two cities had the same number of households.
In Exercises 7–9, use the table that shows the annual number of
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
spectators for three sports in a small town in the years 1950 and 2000.
1950 2000
7. For each sport, write a linear model to represent the annual number of spectators at
time t, where t represents the number of years since 1950.
8. Use a graph to estimate when the annual number of spectators of soccer overtook the
annual number of spectators of hockey.
9. Use a graph to estimate when the annual number of spectators of soccer overtook the
annual number of spectators of baseball.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 15
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
7.2 For use with pages 447– 453
Tell which equation you would use to isolate a variable. Explain your
reasoning.
7. x 5 5y 2 8 8. 23x 1 2y 5 7 9. 4 1 8x 5 y
4x 1 3y 5 5 y 5 6x 1 1 6x 2 y 5 2
10. 2x 1 y 5 8 11. x 1 4y 5 22 12. 2x 5 4y 1 2
2y 2 3x 5 5 3x 2 y 5 1 25x 1 5y 5 13
3x 2 4y 5 219 2x 1 4y 5 18 3x 2 5y 5 25
Algebra 1
16 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
7.2 For use with pages 447–453
Tell which equation you would use to isolate a variable. Explain your
reasoning.
4. x 5 8y 2 3 5. 24x 1 5y 5 11 6. 9 2 3x 5 y
3x 2 4y 5 1 y 5 4x 2 1 3x 2 y 5 22
19. Drum Sticks A drummer is stocking up on drum sticks and brushes. The wood
sticks that he buys are $10.50 a pair and the brushes are $24 a pair. He ends up
spending $90 on sticks and brushes and buys two times as many pairs of sticks
as brushes. How many pairs of sticks and brushes did he buy?
LESSON 7.2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
20. Mowing and Shoveling Last year you mowed grass and shoveled snow for
12 households. You earned $225 for mowing a household’s lawn for the entire year
and you earned $200 for shoveling a household’s walk and driveway for an entire
year. You earned a total of $2600 last year.
a. Let x be the number of households you mowed for and let y be the number of
households you shoveled for. Write an equation in x and y that shows the total
number of households you worked for. Then write an equation in x and y that
shows the total amount of money you earned.
b. How many households did you mow the lawn for and how many households did
you shovel the walk and driveway for?
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 17
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
7.2 For use with pages 447– 453
Tell which equation you would use to isolate a variable. Explain your
reasoning.
1. 6x 2 y 5 9 2. 22x 1 4y 5 10 3. 15 2 3x 5 2y
5x 2 3y 5 2 9y 5 5x 2 7 9x 2 3y 5 26
16. Find the values of a and b so that the linear system shown has a solution of (4, 25).
ax 1 by 5 210 Equation 1
ax 2 by 5 230 Equation 2
LESSON 7.2
17. Painting and Cleaning During the spring and summer, you do a spring yard
cleanup for households and you also paint houses. You earn $8 an hour doing the
y ft x ft
19. Potting Soil You are creating a potting mix for your window boxes that is 20% peat
moss and 80% potting soil. You add 100% potting soil to your mix that is currently
50% peat moss and 50% potting soil. You have 4 buckets of the mix that is half and
half. Do you have enough of the half and half mix to make 8 buckets of the mix that
is 20% peat moss and 80% potting soil? Explain.
Algebra 1
18 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
7.2 For use with pages 447–453
LESSON 7.2
2(21) 1 y 5 1 Substitute 21 for x.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
22 1 y 5 1 Simplify.
y53 Solve for y.
The solution is (21, 3).
CHECK Substitute 21 for x and 3 for y in each of the original equations.
Equation 1 Equation 2
2x 1 y 5 1 x 1 2y 5 5
2(21) 1 3 0 1 21 1 2(3) 0 5
151✓ 555✓
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 19
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
7.2 For use with pages 447– 453
Algebra 1
20 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
7.2 For use with pages 447–453
Example: x2 1 y2 5 4
1
} x 2 1 3y 2 5 8
2
Solution: Let u 5 x 2 and v 5 y 2.
Using substitution, the system becomes
u1v54
.
1
} u 1 3v 5 8
2
8 12
Solving this system by substitution gives u 5 }5 and v 5 }
5
.
Î Î
} }
8 12
Because u 5 x 2 and v 5 y 2, x 5 6 }5 and y 5 6 }5
. So, the solutions
5 2 1 5 2 1 5 5 2 5 2
8 12 8 12 8 12 8 12
.
LESSON 7.2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
3. 2x 2 1 4y 2 5 11
x 2 1 5y 2 5 8
4. 3x 1 5y 2 5 8
x 1 2y 2 5 6
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 21
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
7.3 For use with pages 456–462
Rewrite the linear system so that the like terms are arranged in columns.
1. 3x 2 y 5 23 2. 8x 5 y 1 1 3. 7x 2 4y 5 8
y 1 8x 5 11 3y 1 8x 5 7 4y 5 27x 1 9
4. 7x 2 y 5 13 5. 14 5 x 2 3y 6. 8x 1 1 5 4y
y 5 14x 2 3 x 1 10y 5 23 4y 1 3 5 14x
Describe the first step you would use to solve the linear system.
7. x 1 4y 5 1 8. 2x 1 3y 5 21 9. 5x 1 y 5 8
6x 2 4y 5 23 3y 5 22x 1 3 x 1 y 5 26
10. 24x 2 4y 5 7 11. 6x 2 4y 5 5 12. 3x 5 y 2 9
4y 2 x 5 2 26x 2 5y 5 7 25x 1 y 5 8
26. Car Wash A gas station has a car wash. If you get your gas tank filled, then you are
charged a lower flat fee x in dollars for a car wash plus y dollars per gallon for the
gasoline. Two cars fill up with regular gasoline and both get a car wash. One car uses
8 gallons of gasoline and pays $22.80 for the gas and car wash and the other car uses
6 gallons of gasoline and pays $18.60 for the gas and car wash. Find the fee for the
car wash and the cost of one gallon of regular gasoline.
Algebra 1
22 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
7.3 For use with pages 456–462
Rewrite the linear system so that the like terms are arranged in columns.
1. 8x 2 y 5 19 2. 4x 5 y 2 11 3. 9x 2 2y 5 5
y 1 3x 5 7 6y 1 4x 5 23 2y 5 211x 1 8
Describe the first step you would use to solve the linear system.
4. 22x 2 y 5 24 5. 25 5 x 2 7y 6. 3x 1 7 5 2y
y 5 6x 2 5 x 1 12y 5 28 22y 2 1 5 10x
7. x 1 9y 5 2 8. 4x 1 3y 5 26 9. 4x 1 y 5 210
14x 2 9y 5 24 3y 5 25x 1 1 x 1 y 5 214
22. Fishing Barge A fishing barge leaves from a dock and moves upstream (against
the current) at a rate of 3.8 miles per hour until it reaches its destination. After the
people on the barge are done fishing, the barge moves the same distance downstream
(with the current) at a rate of 8 miles per hour until it returns to the dock. The speed
of the current remains constant. Use the models below to write and solve a system
of equations to find the average speed of the barge in still water and the speed of the
current.
Upstream: Speed of barge in still water 2 Speed of current 5 Speed of barge
Downstream: Speed of barge in still water 1 Speed of current 5 Speed of barge
LESSON 7.3
23. Floor Sander Rental A rental company charges a flat fee of x dollars for a floor
sander rental plus y dollars per hour of the rental. One customer rents a floor sander
for 4 hours and pays $63. Another customer rents a floor sander for 6 hours and
pays $87.
a. Find the flat fee and the cost per hour for the rental.
b. How much would it cost someone to rent a sander for 11 hours?
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 23
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
7.3 For use with pages 456–462
17. Solve for x, y, and z in the system of equations below. Explain your steps.
x 1 3y 1 2z 5 9 Equation 1
2z 1 x 2 5y 5 27 Equation 2
6y 5 15 2 3x Equation 3
18. Car Rental A car rental company charges a daily rental fee plus a per mile fee
19. Greeting Cards Two friends are making their own greeting cards. They already
have ink, but they will buy the stamps and cards. The table shows the numbers of
stamps and packages of cards each person is buying. Another friend, George, wants
LESSON 7.3
to buy 3 stamps and 3 packages of cards. How much will it cost him? Explain.
Stan 4 2 22.98
Leeza 7 2 32.73
Algebra 1
24 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
7.3 For use with pages 456–462
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 25
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
7.3 For use with pages 456–462
STEP 1 Rewrite Equation 1 so that the like terms are arranged in columns.
6x 2 4y 5 10 6x 2 4y 5 10
13y 5 6x 1 8 26x 1 13y 5 8
STEP 2 Add the equations. 9y 5 18
STEP 3 Solve for y. y52
STEP 4 Substitute 2 for y in either equation and solve for x.
6x 1 4y 5 10 Write Equation 1.
6x 2 4(2) 5 10 Substitute 2 for y.
x53 Solve for x.
The solution is (3, 2).
Algebra 1
26 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Problem Solving Workshop:
7.3
Using Alternative Methods
For use with pages 4562462
PROBLEM Kayaking During a kayaking trip, a kayaker travels 12 miles upstream (against the
current) and 12 miles downstream (with the current), as shown on page 458. The
speed of the current remained constant during the trip. Find the average speed of the
kayak in still water and the speed of the current.
PRACTICE 1. Running Running into the wind, 3. Boating James and Bret take a boat
Calvin takes 56 minutes to run 7 miles. out on a river. It takes them 15 minutes
The return run takes 50 minutes. The to travel 5 miles upstream (against the
wind speed remains constant during the current). The return trip downstream
trip. Find the average speed (in miles (with the current) takes 10 minutes. The
LESSON 7.3
per hour) of Calvin in still air and the speed of the current remained constant
speed (in miles per hour) of the wind. during the trip. Find the average speed
(in miles per hour) of the boat in still
2. What If? Suppose in Exercise 1 it takes water and the speed of the current.
Calvin 70 minutes to run 7 miles into
the wind and 50 minutes on the return
run. Find the average speed of Calvin in
still air and the speed of the wind.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 27
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
7.3 For use with pages 456–462
In Exercises 1–3, use the method shown in the following example to solve
the system of equations.
1 1
Example: 31 }x 2 1 2 }y 2 5 4
1
1 1
61 }x 2 2 2 }y 2 5 5
1
1 1
Solution: Let u 5 } and v 5 }y .
x
Using substitution, the system becomes
3u 1 2v 5 4
.
6u 2 2v 5 5
Adding the equations results in the equation 9u 5 9.
1 1 1
So, u 5 1 5 }x and v 5 }2 5 }y . So, x 5 1 and y 5 2.
1 1
1 2 12
1. 4 } 1 7 } 5 3
x y
1 1
241 }x 2 2 31 }y 2 5 5
1
1 2
2. 4 1 1 } 1 7y 5 3
x
1
241 1 1 }x 2 2 3y 5 5
1
3. 22(1 1 y 3) 1 7 }2 5 5
x 1 2
2ax 1 2y 5 b
Algebra 1
28 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
7.4 For use with pages 463–469
LESSON 7.4
1. 5x 2 2y 5 8 2. 7x 1 8y 5 3 3. 5x 1 2y 5 8
7x 1 8y 5 3 8x 2 2y 5 5 7x 1 8y 5 3
A. 220x 2 8y 5 232 B. 32x 2 8y 5 20 C. 20x 2 8y 5 32
7x 1 8y 5 3 7x 1 8y 5 3 7y 1 8y 5 3
Describe the first step you would use to solve the linear system.
4. x 1 y 5 4 5. 2x 1 6y 5 21 6. 3x 2 6y 5 21
3x 2 7y 5 10 24x 1 7y 5 8 x1y54
7. 5x 2 2y 5 25 8. 23x 1 9y 5 13 9. 4x 2 y 5 7
10x 2 3x 5 7 7x 2 3y 5 14 10x 1 2y 5 8
22. Baseball Game Two families go to a baseball game. One family purchases two
adult tickets and three youth tickets for $33. Another family purchases three adult
tickets and two youth tickets for $37. Let x represent the cost in dollars of one adult
ticket and let y represent the cost in dollars of one youth ticket. The linear system
given by 2x 1 3y 5 33 and 3x 1 2y 5 37 represents this situation.
a. Solve the linear system to find the cost of one adult and one youth ticket.
b. How much would it cost two adults and five youths to attend the game?
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 29
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
7.4 For use with pages 463–469
Describe the first step you would use to solve the linear system.
LESSON 7.4
1. 3x 2 4y 5 7 2. 9x 1 4y 5 13 3. 5x 1 7y 5 23
5x 1 8y 5 10 3x 1 5y 5 9 15x 1 4y 5 25
4. 7x 2 4y 5 6 5. 7x 1 9y 5 26 6. 9x 2 5y 5 14
3x 2 2y 5 215 25x 1 14y 5 11 26x 1 8y 5 13
19. Hockey Game Two families go to a hockey game. One family purchases two adult
tickets and four youth tickets for $28. Another family purchases four adult tickets
and five youth tickets for $45.50. Let x represent the cost in dollars of one adult
ticket and let y represent the cost in dollars of one youth ticket.
a. Write a linear system that represents this situation.
b. Solve the linear system to find the cost of one adult and one youth ticket.
20. Travel Agency A travel agency offers two Chicago outings. Plan A includes hotel
accommodations for three nights and two pairs of baseball tickets worth a total
of $557. Plan B includes hotel accommodations for five nights and four pairs of
baseball tickets worth a total of $974. Let x represent the cost in dollars of one
night’s hotel accommodations and let y represent the cost in dollars of one pair
of baseball tickets.
a. Write a linear system you could use to find the cost of one night’s hotel accommodations
and the cost of one pair of baseball tickets.
b. Solve the linear system to find the cost of one night’s hotel accommodations and
the cost of one pair of baseball tickets.
21. Highway Project There are fifteen workers employed on a highway project, some
at $180 per day and some at $155 per day. The daily payroll is $2400. Let x represent
the number of $180 per day workers and let y represent the number of $155 per day
workers. Write and solve a linear system to find the number of workers employed at
each wage.
Algebra 1
30 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
7.4 For use with pages 463–469
LESSON 7.4
1. 23x 1 5y 5 28 2. 2x 1 7y 5 213 3. 4x 1 7y 5 243
9x 1 4y 5 68 23x 1 14y 5 25 23x 1 6y 5 269
4. 8x 2 6y 5 2140 5. 4x 1 9y 5 253 6. 26x 1 12y 5 48
3x 1 5y 5 20 26x 2 4y 5 32 27x 1 18y 5 84
7. 3x 1 9y 5 27 8. 28x 1 5y 5 6 9. 10x 2 8y 5 28
14x 1 6y 5 18 6x 2 3y 5 6 12x 1 5y 5 92
10. 6x 2 11y 5 293 11. 215x 1 4y 5 22 12. 9x 2 8y 5 23
15x 1 13y 5 132 13x 2 10y 5 244 14x 2 12y 5 26
19. Find the values of a and b so that the linear system has a solution of (2, 4).
ax 2 by 5 0 Equation 1
bx 2 ay 5 26 Equation 2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
20. Lift Tickets Two families go skiing on a Saturday. One family purchases two adult
lift tickets and four youth lift tickets for $166. Another family purchases four adult
lift tickets and five youth lift tickets for $263. Let x represent the cost in dollars of
one adult lift ticket and let y represent the cost in dollars of one youth lift ticket.
a. Write a linear system that represents this situation.
b. Solve the linear system to find the cost of one adult and one youth lift ticket.
c. How much would it cost two adults and five youths to ski for a day?
21. Asian Cuisine A group of your friends goes to a restaurant that features different
Asian foods. There are eight people in your group. Some of the group order the Thai
special for $14.25 and the rest of the group order the Szechwan special for $13.95.
If the total bill was $113.10, how many people ordered each dinner?
22. Getting to School You walk 1.75 miles to school at an average speed r (in miles per
hour). On the way back home, you are walking with a friend and your average speed
3
is }4 r. The round trip took a total of 90 minutes. Find the average speed for each leg
of your trip.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 31
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
7.4 For use with pages 463– 469
3x 2 2y 5 24 3 (22) 26x 1 4y 5 8
7x 2 4y 5 26 7x 2 4y 5 26
STEP 2 Add the equations. x 52
Algebra 1
32 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
7.4 For use with pages 463– 469
LESSON 7.4
Solve the linear system: 5x 1 2y 5 218 Equation 1
7y 5 3x 1 19 Equation 2
Solution
STEP 5 Substitute 1 for y in either of the original equations and solve for x.
5x 1 2y 5 218 Write Equation 1.
5x 1 2(1) 5 218 Substitute 1 for y.
x 5 24 Solve for x.
The solution is (24, 1).
CHECK Substitute 24 for x and 1 for y in each equation.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Equation 1 Equation 2
5x 1 2y 5 218 7y 5 3x 1 19
5(24) 1 2(1) 0 218 7(1) 0 3(24) 1 19
218 5 218 ✓ 757✓
12x 2 7y 5 3
5. 3x 1 7y 5 20
5x 5 24y 1 41
6. 9y 5 10x 1 4
12x 5 5y 1 30
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 33
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
7.1–7.4
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 4392469
LESSON 7.4
y
wind?
(dollars)
6000
4000
3. Multi-Step Problem A total of $30,000 2000
is invested in two accounts paying 3% and 0
4% annual interest. The combined annual 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
Months since purchase
interest is $1020.
Algebra 1
34 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
7.4 For use with pages 463–469
LESSON 7.4
Terry has a summer job mowing lawns in a neighborhood that has only two different lot
sizes. After the first day of work, Terry’s boss observed that Terry mowed 1 small lawn and
2 large lawns in 5 hours. After the second day of work, Terry’s boss observed that Terry
mowed 3 small lawns and 3 large lawns in 8 hours.
1. Write a linear system to model this situation, where x represents the number of small
lawns mowed and y represents the number of large lawns mowed.
2. Solve the linear system written in Exercise 1. What does the solution represent?
3. If Terry mows 2 large lawns in a 9-hour day, how many small lawns will he be able
to mow?
Greyson has a paper delivery route which he completes by riding his bicycle. The drop-off
station where he picks up his papers for delivery is located in the neighborhood where he
delivers papers. When riding between his house and the drop-off station, Greyson averages
10 miles per hour. On Monday through Saturday the paper is a small daily and Greyson
1
averages }2 mile per hour while making his deliveries. When delivering the small daily it
takes Greyson 4 hours and 18 minutes, from the moment he leaves his house to the
moment he returns in order to complete his route. On Sundays, the paper is much larger
1
and he averages }3 mile per hour while making his deliveries, which adds an additional
2 hours to the time it takes to complete his route.
4. Write a linear system to model this situation, where x represents the miles from
Greyson’s house to the drop-off station and y represents the length of the route
(in miles).
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 35
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
7.5 For use with pages 471– 477
Match the linear system with its graph. Then use the graph to tell whether
the linear system has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many
solutions.
4. 23x 1 y 5 2 5. x 2 y 5 5 6. 4x 1 y 5 2
26x 1 2y 5 4 x1y55 24x 2 y 5 1
A. y B. y C. y
5 3
3 1
LESSON 7.5
1 3 5 x
21
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 1 3 x
21 23
Graph the linear system. Then use the graph to tell whether the linear
system has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
7. x 1 y 5 24 8. y 2 2x 5 3 9. 2x 1 2y 5 4
y 5 2x 1 1 x1y52 y 5 2x 1 2
y y y
3
3 3
1
Algebra 1
36 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
7.5 For use with pages 471–477
Without solving the linear system, tell whether the linear system has one
solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
1
19. y 5 } x 1 3 20. y 5 6x 1 4 21. y 5 3x 2 5
2
6
y 5 22x 1 3 y 5 26x 2 10 y 5 }2 x2 5
LESSON 7.5
22. y 2 3x 5 8 23. 3y 1 6x 5 8 24. 4x 1 3y 5 9
3x 1 y 5 8 2x 1 y 5 210 3
}x 1 y 5 3
4
2
25. 4x 2 6y 5 21 26. 2} x 1 y 5 2 27. 9x 2 15y 5 15
3
3 1 3
2}2 x 1 y 5 }4 26x 1 3y 5 6 x 1 }5 y 5 1
28. Water Park A water park charges a fee for admission to the park and a fee to rent
a tube for the day. One admission to the water park costs x dollars and a tube rental
for the wave pool costs y dollars. A group pays $263.25 for admission for 15 people
and 8 tube rentals. Another group pays $358 for admission for 20 people and 13 tube
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
rentals. Is there enough information to determine the cost of one admission to the
water park? Explain.
29. Movie Tickets The table below shows the ticket sales at a small theater on a
Thursday night and a Friday night.
Thursday 45 10 425
Friday 225 50 2125
a. Let x represent the cost (in dollars) of one adult ticket and let y represent the
cost (in dollars) of one children’s ticket. Write a linear system that models
the situation.
b. Solve the linear system.
c. Can you determine how much each kind of ticket costs? Why or why not?
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 37
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
7.5 For use with pages 471– 477
Match the linear system with its graph. Then use the graph to tell whether
the linear system has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many
solutions.
1. y 1 3 5 4x 2. 2x 1 y 5 1 3. 3x 1 y 5 1
3y 5 12x 2 9 2x 1 y 5 5 22x 1 y 5 23
A. y B. y C. y
1
3
21 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21
1
23
21 x
21
LESSON 7.5
Graph the linear system. Then use the graph to tell whether the linear
system has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
4. 26x 1 2y 5 22 5. 2y 2 x 5 24 6. 4x 2 y 5 2
23x 1 y 5 2 2x 1 y 5 3 2x 1 3y 5 9
y y y
3
3
1
1
21 1 5 x
21
23 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21
23
y y y
1
3
23 21 1 3 x
21
1
3 23
21 3 5 x
1
23
21 1 3 5 x
Algebra 1
38 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
7.5 For use with pages 471–477
Without solving the linear system, tell whether the linear system has one
solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
8
16. 26x 1 6y 5 24 17. y 1 2x 5 } 18. 4x 1 3y 5 9
3
2x 2 2y 5 5 3
2x 1 y 5 210 }x 1 y 5 3
4
LESSON 7.5
2
19. 4x 2 6y 5 21 20. 2} x 1 y 5 2 21. 9x 2 15y 5 15
3
3 1 3
2}2 x 1 y 5 }4 26x 1 3y 5 6 x 1 }5 y 5 1
25. Golf Clubs A sporting goods store stocks a “better” set of golf clubs in both left-
handed and right-handed sets. The set of left-handed golf clubs sells for x dollars
and the set of right-handed golf clubs sells for y dollars. In one month, the store
sells 2 sets of left-handed golf clubs and 12 sets of right-handed golf clubs for a
total of $1859.30. The next month, the store sells 2 sets of left-handed golf clubs
and 22 sets of right-handed golf clubs for a total of $3158.80. Is there enough
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
26. Comedy Tickets The table below shows the ticket sales at an all-ages comedy
club on a Friday night and a Saturday night.
Friday 30 20 910
Saturday 45 30 1365
a. Let x represent the cost (in dollars) of one adult ticket and let y represent the cost
(in dollars) of one student ticket. Write a linear system that models the situation.
b. Solve the linear system.
c. Can you determine how much each kind of ticket costs? Why or why not?
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 39
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
7.5 For use with pages 471– 477
Match the linear system with its graph. Then use the graph to tell whether
the linear system has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many
solutions.
3
1. 6x 1 4y 5 25 2. 3x 1 4y 5 12 3. y 5 } x 1 5
5
5 24x 1 3y 5 29
3x 1 2y 5 2}2 23x 1 5y 5 210
A. y B. y C. y
1
3 1
23 21 1 x
21 1 3 x
1 21
23
21 1 x
21
LESSON 7.5
Graph the linear system. Then use the graph to tell whether the linear
system has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
4. 4y 5 3x 1 20 5. 3x 1 2y 5 8 6. 3y 2 4x 5 6
4y 1 12 5 5x 22x 1 3y 5 6 4
y 5 }3 x 1 2
y y y
6 5 3
2 3 1
22 2 6 10 x 23 21 1 3 x
22 21
23 21 1 3 x
26 21 23
7. 3x 1 4y 5 224 8. 2x 1 3y 5 21 9. 25x 1 2y 5 3
1 1 22x 1 3y 5 1 4y 2 10x 5 8
}y 1 }x 5 1
3 4
y y y
2 3 3
26 22 2 6 x
22 1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
26 21 21
210 23 23
Algebra 1
40 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
7.5 For use with pages 471–477
1
13. 22x 1 5y 5 210 14. 22x 1 3y 5 2} 15. 2y 2 10x 5 28
2
5y 2 2x 5 5 3x 1 2y 5 4 2y 2 x 5 4
Without solving the linear system, tell whether the linear system has one
solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
16. 4y 5 12x 2 1 17. x 1 4y 5 3 18. 22x 1 3y 5 4
–12x 1 3y 5 21 1 3x 2 2y 5 5
} x 1 2y 5 4
2
LESSON 7.5
1
19. 5y 2 4x 5 3 20. y 2 } x 5 22 21. 3y 1 5x 5 1
4
10y 5 8x 1 6 x 2 2y 5 8 25x 2 3y 5 1
25. Restaurant Sales The table below shows the number of each of the specials that
has been sold on a Friday night and a Saturday night.
Friday 28 44 964.40
Saturday 21 33 723.30
a. Let x represent the cost (in dollars) of the vegetarian special and let y represent
the cost (in dollars) of the chicken special. Write a linear system that models the
situation.
b. Solve the linear system.
c. Can you determine how much each kind of special costs? Why or why not?
26. Retail Prices Two employees at a store are given the task of putting price tags on items.
One person starts pricing items at a rate of 10 items per minute. The second person starts
10 minutes after the first person and prices items at a rate of 8 items per minute.
a. Let y be the number of items priced x minutes after the first person starts pricing.
Write a linear system that models the situation.
b. Solve the linear system.
c. Does the solution of the linear system make sense in the context of the problem?
Explain.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 41
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
7.5 For use with pages 471– 477
Vocabulary
A linear system with no solution is called an inconsistent system.
A linear system with infinitely many solutions is called a dependent
system.
5x 2 4y 5 8 Equation 2
Solution
Method 1 Graphing y
Solution
Method 1 Graphing
3
Graph the linear system.
1
The equations represent the same line, so any point
on the line is a solution. So, the linear system has 23 21 1 3 x
21
infinitely many solutions.
Algebra 1
42 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
7.5 For use with pages 471–477
Method 2 Substitution
2
Substitute }3 x 1 5 for y in Equation 2 and solve for x.
22x 1 31 }3 x 1 5 2 5 15
2 2
Substitute }3 x 1 5 for y.
LESSON 7.5
Tell whether the linear system has no solution or infinitely
many solutions.
1. 215x 1 3y 5 6 2. 24x 1 y 5 5
y 5 5x 1 2 y 5 4x 1 3
EXAMPLE 3 Identify the number of solutions
Without solving the linear system, tell whether the linear system has
one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
a. 7x 2 2y 5 9 Equation 1 b. 3x 1 y 5 210 Equation 1
7x 2 2y 5 21 Equation 2 26x 2 2y 5 20 Equation 2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Solution
7 9
a. y 5 } x 2 }
2 2
Write Equation 1 in slope-intercept form.
7 1
y 5 }2 x 1 }2 Write Equation 2 in slope-intercept form.
Because the lines have the same slope but different y-intercepts, the system has no
solution.
b. y 5 23x 2 10 Write Equation 1 in slope-intercept form.
y 5 23x 2 10 Write Equation 2 in slope-intercept form.
The lines have the same slope and y-intercept, so the system has infinitely many
solutions.
Exercises for Example 3
Without solving the linear system, tell whether the linear system has
one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
3. x 2 3y 5 7 4. 2x 1 3y 5 17 5. 24x 1 y 5 5
4x 5 12y 1 28 3x 1 2y 5 14 28x 2 14y 5 228
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 43
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
7.5 For use with pages 471–477
2. For what values of a does the system have infinitely many solutions?
3. For what values of a does the system have exactly one solution?
cax 1 cby 5 12
4. Does the number of solutions depend on the values of a, b, and c?
In Exercises 6 – 9, suppose a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, and c2 are non-zero constants.
Use the linear system.
a1x 1 b1 y 5 c1
a2x 1 b2 y 5 c2
6. Solve for x and y in terms of a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, and c2.
7. State the relationship between the values of a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, and c2 that will
Algebra 1
44 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Graphing Calculator Activity Keystrokes
7.6 For use with pages 485–486
To identify a solution, press F1 [Trace] and use
ENTER X,T,,n 5
the cursor to locate a point in the graph of the
ENTER ENTER ENTER system, or simply identify a solution visually.
GRAPH
LESSON 7.6
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 45
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
y y y
3
3 1
1
25 23 21 1 x
21
x 23 21 1 3 x
1 3 5
21
y y y
3 3
3
1
1
25 23 1 x 21 1 3 x
21
21 1 3 x
23 23
22 2 6 10 x 26 22 2 6 x
22 2 22
26 2 6 x
26
D. y E. y F. y
6
6 2
2
26 2 6 x
2 22
22 2 6 10 x
26 22 6 x
22
26
Algebra 1
46 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
LESSON 7.6
the summer. You need to order 5-ounce and 8-ounce cups. 9
The storage room will only hold 10 more boxes of cups.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
8
Boxes of 8-ounce cups
LESSON
Practice B
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
1 3
1
21 3 x
1
23 21 3 x
21
21 1 3 5 x
23 21
1 1 1
23 1 3 x 23 1 3 x 23 1 3 x
7. x > 21 8. y ≥ 2 9. x 1 y > 1
1 1
23 3 x 23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21
23 23 23
Algebra 1
48 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
25 23 21 x
21
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 1 3 x
21
23
25 23
3 3
23 1 3 x
1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 23 21
0ACKAGES OF HAMBURGERS
19. Cookout You are planning a cookout. You figure that you will Y
need at least 5 packages of hot dogs and hamburgers. A package
of hot dogs costs $1.90 and a package of hamburgers costs $5.20.
You can spend a maximum of $20 on the hot dogs and hamburgers.
a. Let x represent the number of packages of hot dogs and let y
represent the number of packages of hamburgers. Write a system
of linear inequalities for the number of packages of each that
X
can be bought.
LESSON 7.6
0ACKAGES OF HOT DOGS
b. Graph the system of inequalities.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
your house. It is 1:30 P.M. on Sunday and your friend wants you
to go to the movies at 7:00 P.M.
a. How much time do you have between now and 7:00 P.M. to
do your chores?
b. Let x represent the number of hours spent cleaning out the
X
garage and let y represent the number of hours spent on (OURS CLEANING
weeding the flower beds. Write and graph a system of linear
inequalities that shows the number of hours you can work on
each chore if you go to the movies.
c. Identify two possible combinations of time you can spend on each chore.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 49
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
23 1 3 x 1 3 x
1
x
21 1 3 5
21 21 21
x 22 2 6 x x
220 212 24 4 26 22
24 22
8. x < 0
y≤5 y > 21 4x 2 y ≤ 1
3 1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
1 21 21
23 21 1 x
21 23 23
Algebra 1
50 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
1 2
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 21 1 3 x 22 2 6 x
21
23
19. School Play The tickets for a school play cost $8 for adults and y
$5 for students. The auditorium in which the play is being held can 600
Student tickets
hold at most 525 people. The organizers of the school play must 500
make at least $3000 to cover the costs of the set construction, 400
costumes, and programs. 300
200
a. Write a system of linear inequalities for the number of each 100
type of ticket sold. 0
0 200 400 600 x
LESSON 7.6
b. Graph the system of inequalities. Adult tickets
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
c. If the organizers sell out and sell twice as many student tickets
as adult tickets, can they reach their goal? Explain how you got
your answer.
20. Exercise You exercise 15 hours per week by swimming and y
running. You want to spend at least twice the amount of time 14
swimming as running. 12
Swimming
10
a. Write a system consisting of an equation and an inequality 8
that describes the situation. 6
b. Draw a graph to show the possible combinations of hours 4
that you could exercise. 2
0
c. Interpret the graph in the context of the problem. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 x
Running
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 51
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
Vocabulary
A system of linear inequalities in two variables, or simply a system
of inequalities, consists of two or more linear inequalities in the same
variables.
A solution of a system of linear inequalities is an ordered pair that is
a solution of each inequality in the system.
The graph of a system of linear inequalities is the graph of all
solutions of the system.
y ≥ 22x 1 5 Inequality 2
3
Solution
1
Graph both inequalities in the same coordinate plane.
The graph of the system is the intersection of the two 23 21 1 x
21
half-planes, which is shown as the shaded region.
CHECK Choose a point in the shaded region, such as (2, 2). To check this solution,
LESSON 7.6
2? 2?
1
< }2 (2) 1 2 ≥ 22(2) 1 5
2<3✓ 2≥1✓
Solution 2
Graph all three inequalities in the same coordinate plane. 26 22 6 x
The graph of the system is the triangular region shown. 22
26
Algebra 1
52 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
y ≤ }2 x 1 1 y > 23 y<8
3
3 y ≥ 4x 2 1
y ≤ }x 1 2
4
3
Inequality 2 Another boundary line for the shaded region has a slope of }5 and a
3
y-intercept of 22. So, its equation is y 5 }5 x 2 2. Because the shaded region is
3
above the dashed line, the inequality is y > }5 x 2 2.
LESSON 7.6
The system of inequalities for the shaded region is: y ≤ 24x 1 5 Inequality 1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
3
y > }5 x 2 2 Inequality 2
1
2 6 10 x
23 21 1 3 x
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 53
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
7.5–7.6
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 471–484
who ordered salmon and let y be the 7. Short Response Is it possible to find a
number of customers who ordered
LESSON
Challenge Practice
7.6 For use with pages 478–484
y ≤ 6 2 ⏐x⏐
2. ⏐x⏐ ≤ 2
⏐y⏐ ≤ 2
5. You sell the trail mix for $5 per pound for Country Blend and $7 per pound for
Premium Mix. How many bags of each type of mix should you make in order to
maximize your income? (Hint: the maximum income must occur at one of the
LESSON 7.6
vertices of the graph.)
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
6. Using the answer from Exercise 5, what will be your club’s income if all the bags of
mix are sold?
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book 55
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Chapter Review Game
7 For use after Chapter 7
Magic Square
Solve each linear system in the table using any method. Place the
indicated coordinate on the line given in the box. When the puzzle is
completed correctly, the sum of each row, column, and diagonal should
be the same. Place the sum of each row, column, and diagonal on the
given lines next to the square.
Diagonal: _______
1
2x 2 y 5 0 3x 1 y 5 4 y 5 2}2 x 1 8
2x 1 y 5 4 22x 1 y 5 21 y 5 2x 2 7 Row 1: _______
y-coordinate x-coordinate x-coordinate
______ ______ ______
3
} x 1 2y 5 12
2 4x 1 3y 5 8 y5x14
1
}x 1 y 5 4 x 2 2y 5 13 y 5 5x 2 8 Row 2: _______
4
x-coordinate y-coordinate
y-coordinate
______ ______
______
7x 2 y 5 225 y 5 22x 1 21 3x 1 2y 5 8
1
2x 1 5y 5 14 y 5 }x 1 7 3x 2 4y 5 2 Row 3: _______
3
y-coordinate y-coordinate x-coordinate
Algebra 1
56 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter
8 For use with Chapter 8
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Chapter Overview One way you can help your student succeed in Chapter 8 is
by discussing the lesson goals in the chart below. When a lesson is completed, ask your
student the following questions. “What were the goals of the lesson? What new words and
formulas did you learn? How can you apply the ideas of the lesson to your life?”
8.6: Write and Graph Exponential Write and graph exponential • Forestry
Decay Functions decay functions. • Cell Phones
Focus on Functions Identify, graph, and write • Guitars
geometric sequences.
In Chapter 8, you will apply the key ideas listed in the Chapter Opener (see page 503)
and reviewed in the Chapter Summary (see page 559).
1. Applying properties of exponents to simplify expressions
2. Working with numbers in scientific notation
3. Writing and graphing exponential functions
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 57
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter continued
8 For use with Chapter 8
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Key Ideas Your student can demonstrate understanding of key concepts by working
through the following exercises with you.
Lesson Exercise
8.1 A farming corporation plants 103 seeds per acre of land. The corporation plants 105
acres. Use order of magnitude to find the number of seeds that were planted.
8.2 A city has 1000 gas pumps. During the past year, 94,750,000 gallons of gas were
sold in the city. Use order of magnitude to find the approximate number of gallons
sold per gas pump.
8.3 Simplify the expression. Write your answer using only positive exponents.
(a) (23x)5 • (23)27 (b) (22x4y24z)23
1 (5x)23 p y4
(c) }22
(d) }
6 26
(4x) 2x y
Focus on Tell whether the sequence is arithmetic or geometric. Then write the next term of
Functions the sequence. 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, ...
Directions Investigate five different banks or credit unions to learn their interest
rates and how money is compounded (monthly, yearly) in their savings accounts. Then
find the balance for each account after one, five, and ten years with principal amounts
of $500, $2000, and $10,000. Analyze your findings to determine the best account for
short-term and long-term investments.
Focus on Functions: arithmetic; 49
Focus on Operations: 10 8.4: (a) 9.03 3 104 (b) 90,300 8.5: $560 8.6: $13,182
2125x 28x z 9
8.1: 108 seeds 8.2: about 105 gallons 8.3: (a) } (b) }12 3
(c) 16x2 (d) }9
y 10 y12 x5
Answers
Algebra 1
58 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia
8 Usar con el Capítulo 8
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Vistazo al capítulo Una manera en que puede ayudar a su hijo a tener éxito en
el Capítulo 8 es hablar sobre los objetivos de la lección en la tabla a continuación. Cuando
se termina una lección, pregúntele a su hijo lo siguiente: “¿Cuáles fueron los objetivos de
la lección? ¿Qué palabras y fórmulas nuevas aprendiste? ¿Cómo puedes aplicar a tu vida
las ideas de la lección?”
• Inversiones
8.6: Escribir y graficar funciones Escribir y graficar modelos • Silvicultura
de decrecimiento exponencial de decrecimiento exponencial • Teléfonos celulares
Enfoque en las funciones Identificar, graficar y escribir • Guitarras
secuencias geométricas
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 59
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia continúa
8 Usar con el Capítulo 8
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Ideas clave Su hijo puede demostrar la comprensión de las ideas clave al hacer los
siguientes ejercicios con usted.
Lección Ejercicio
8.1 Una compañía agrícola siembra 103 semillas por acre de tierra. La compañía
siembra 105 acres. Usa el orden de magnitud para hallar el número de semillas
que se sembraron.
8.2 Una ciudad tiene 1000 bombas de gasolina. Durante el año pasado, 94,750,000
galones de gasolina se vendieron en la ciudad. Usa el orden de magnitud para
hallar el número aproximado de galones vendidos por bomba de gasolina.
8.3 Simplifica la expresión. Escribe tu respuesta usando solo exponentes positivos.
(a) (23x)5 • (23)27 (b) (22x4y24z)23
1 (5x)23 p y4
(c) }22
(d) }
6 26
(4x) 2x y
Enfoque en las Indica si la secuencia es aritmética o geométrica. Luego escribe el término que
funciones sigue en la secuencia. 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, ...
LESSON
Activity Support Master
8.1 For use with page 504
74 p 75 (7 p 7 p 7 p 7) p (7 p 7 p 7 p 7 p 7) 9 79
x1 p x5
Expression
Number Simplified
Expression Expanded expression as repeated
of factors expression
LESSON 8.1
multiplication
F (26)2 G p F (26)2 G p
F (26)2 G4
F (26)2 G p F (26)2 G
(a 3)3
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 61
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
8.1 For use with pages 504–510
6. 33 p 31 5 33 1
7. (24y 2)3 5 (24) ( y )
53 5 y
8. (x 2y4)3 5 ( x ) ( y ) 9. x2(x3y)2 5 x (x ) y
LESSON 8.1
5x y 5x x y
5x y
28. State Populations The table below shows the populations of selected states in 1870.
Write the order of magnitude of each of the populations.
29. U.S. National Parks Hot Springs National Park in Arkansas covers an area of about
101 square miles. Kenai Fjords National Park in Arkansas covers an area that is
about 102 times the area of Hot Springs National Park. Find the approximate area of
Kenai Fjords National Park. Write your answer using exponents.
30. Mining In 2000, Canada mined approximately 104 metric tons of uranium. The
amount of metric tons of zinc mined in Canada in 2000 was approximately 102 times
this amount. About how many metric tons of zinc were mined in Canada in 2000?
Algebra 1
62 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
8.1 For use with pages 504–510
3. (210)5 p (210)2 4. 82 p 84 p 8
5. 25 p 2 p 24 6. (35)2
7. (93)7 8. (152)4
9. [(24)5]9 10. (13 p 19)4
LESSON 8.1
15. a10 p a2 p a6 16. (z5)5
17. (b7)2 18. [(b 1 1)2]3
19. (23x)4 20. 2(3x)4
Algeria was approximately 103 times the newspaper circulation in the country
of Mauritania. The newspaper circulation in Mauritania was 103. What was the
newspaper circulation in Algeria?
29. Metric System The metric system has names for very large weights.
a. One gigaton is 102 times the weight of a hectaton. One hectaton is 102 ton.
Write one gigaton in tons.
b. One teraton is 109 times the weight of a kiloton. One kiloton is 103 ton.
Write one teraton in tons.
c. One exaton is 106 times the weight of a teraton. Use your answer to
part (b) to write one exaton in tons.
30. Wall Mural You are designing a wall mural that will be composed of squares of
different sizes. One of the requirements of your design is that the side length of each
square is itself a perfect square.
a. If you represent the side length of a square as x 2, write an expression for the area
of a mural square.
b. Find the area of a mural square when x 5 5.
c. Find the area of a mural square when x 5 10.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 63
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
8.1 For use with pages 504–510
25. Write three expressions that involve products of powers, powers of powers, or
powers of products and are equivalent to 24x12.
26. Personal Computers In 2001, there were 103 personal computers in use in Samoa.
The number of personal computers in use in Bahrain in 2001 was 10 times the
number used in Samoa. The number of personal computers in use in Australia in
Algebra 1
64 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
8.1 For use with pages 504–510
Vocabulary
The order of magnitude of a quantity can be defined as the power of
10 nearest the quantity.
a. 26 p 28 5 26 1 8
5 214
LESSON 8.1
b. (23)7 p (23) 5 (23)7 p (23)1
5 (23)711
5 (23)8
c. (27)3 p (27) p (27)4 5 (27)3 p (27)1 p (27)4
5 (27)3 1 1 1 4
5 (27)8
d. m p m5 p m6 5 m1 1 5 1 6
5 m12
1. 83 p 811 2. 6 p 63
a. (33)6 5 33 p 6
5 318
b. [(212)7]6 5 (212)7 p 6
5 (212)42
c. (d 5)2 5 d 5 p 2
5 d 10
d. [(x 2 3)3]4 5 (x 2 3)3 p 4
5 (x 2 3)12
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 65
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
8.1 For use with pages 504–510
b. (6mn)3 5 (6 p m p n)3
LESSON 8.1
5 63m3n3
5 216m3n3
c. (25p)3 5 (25 p p)3
5 (25)3 p p3
5 2125p3
d. 2(2q)4 5 2(2 p q)4
5 2(24 p q4)
5 216q4
Algebra 1
66 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
8.1 For use with pages 504–510
2. (a2b)5y p (ab2)2y
3. (x1/2 p y1/4)2
4. [(xy)(x 3y 5)]2
5. (x 1 2)2a 1 1 p (x 1 2)3a 2 5
LESSON 8.1
height of the bin will each have a length of a feet.
6. Write an expression that gives the volume of the storage bin in terms of a.
7. Suppose the length and width of the storage bin are doubled. By what factor would
the height of the bin have to change so that the volume of the bin remains the same?
8. Suppose the length of the original storage bin is tripled and the width of the storage
bin is halved. By what factor would the height of the bin have to change so that the
volume of the bin is doubled?
9. Suppose the length, width, and height of the bin each have 1 foot added to them.
Write an expression for the volume of the storage bin.
10. An exam has 10 true-false questions and 10 multiple choice questions. Each
multiple choice question has 6 possible answers. Assuming a student guesses at each
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
question on the exam, write an exponential expression for the number of different
ways it is possible to answer the 20 questions.
11. Using the fact that 6 5 2 p 3, write the expression from Exercise 10 as powers of
2 and 3.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 67
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
8.2 For use with pages 511–517
a. How many times greater is the number of users from Romania than the number
of users from the Marshall Islands?
b. How many times greater is the number of users from Albania than the number of
users from the Marshall Islands?
c. How many times greater is the number of users from Jamaica than the number of
users from the Marshall Islands?
d. How many times greater is the number of users from Romania than the number
of users from Albania?
Algebra 1
68 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
8.2 For use with pages 511–517
19. Area The area of New Zealand is 104,454 square miles and the area of Saint
Kitts and Nevis, islands in the Caribbean Sea, is 104 square miles. Use order of
magnitude to estimate how many times greater New Zealand’s area is than Saint
Kitts and Nevis’ area.
20. Cell Phone Subscribers The table below shows the approximate number of cell
phone subscribers in selected countries in 2001.
LESSON 8.2
Country Algeria Dominican Republic Poland Solomon Islands
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a. How many times greater is the number of cell phone subscribers in Poland than
in the Solomon Islands?
b. How many times greater is the number of cell phone subscribers in the
Dominican Republic than in the Solomon Islands?
21. Glass Vase You are taking a glass-blowing class and have created a vase in the
shape of a sphere. The vase will have a hole in the top so you can put flowers in it
21
and it will sit on a stand. The radius of your vase is }
2
inches. Use the formula
4
V 5 }3 πr 3 to write an expression for the volume of your vase.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 69
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
8.2 For use with pages 511–517
2 3 3 2 5 3
4a 7x 3x 5
10. 1}
5b 23
11. 1}
8y 2 7 12. 1}
10y 2 2
p }4
x
2x2 5 3y 3 10x7 2 3 x4 5
1
13. }5 p }
4x y3 1 2 14. } p }
5 9y8 1 2 15. 1 2}6x 2 1 2
p }7
3y
bx b x 12
16. Find the values of x and y if you know that }y 5 b5 and } 5 b4. Explain how you
b b 2y
found your answer.
17. U.S. Postal Service In 2004, the U.S. Postal Service handled 97,926,396 pieces
of first class mail and 848,633 pieces of priority mail. Use order of magnitude to
estimate how many times greater a volume of first class mail the U.S. Postal Service
handled than the volume of priority mail.
18. Large Numbers Very large numbers are named differently in the American
and British systems. In the American system, one quintillion is the name for the
number 1018. In the British system, one quintillion is the name for the number
LESSON 8.2
1030. How many times larger is one quintillion in the British system than in the
American system?
3
4
ft
3
2
ft
Algebra 1
70 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
8.2 For use with pages 511–517
LESSON 8.2
Simplify the expression.
m5
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
m 5
a. 1 }n 2n
5 }5
3 3 33
12
27
b. } 5 }3 5 }3
p p p
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 71
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
8.2 For use with pages 511–517
22(x3)2
5} Power of a product property
5 (y
2 2 2 )
4x6
5 }4 Power of a power property
25y
3k3 2 l2 32(k3)2 l3
b. 1 2
}5
4l
p }2 5 }
6k
p}
42(l5)2 6k 2
Power of a quotient property
9k 6 l3
5} p } Power of a power property
16l10 6k2
9k6l3
5} Multiply fractions.
96l10k2
3k 4
5 }7 Quotient of a powers property
32l
Algebra 1
72 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
8.2 For use with pages 511–517
ax
1. Solve for the value of a if } 5 a 3 and x 5 a 5y.
a 2y
(b 1 1)2 4(b 2 1)2
2. Solve for the value of b if } 5 } .
b2 b2
c xc y
3. Solve for the values of x and y if } 5 c and c y 2 1 5 c 3.
c xy
d 3x
5. Solve for the value of y if } 5 d 3x 2 y.
d 3y
Example:
Find the salary of an employee who has worked for 2 years and whose starting salary was
$25,000 at a company that gives annual raises at a rate of r 5 0.1.
Solution:
New Salary 5 $25,000(1 1 0.1)2
5 $25,000(1.21)
LESSON 8.2
5 $30,250
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 73
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
8.3 For use with pages 519–524
7. (23)24 8. (29)21 9. 60
0 22
10. (25)0 11. 1 }12 2 12. 1 }16 2
21 23
13. 1 }34 2 14. 1 }25 2 15. 022
Simplify the expression. Write your answer using only positive exponents.
16. x25 17. m29 18. 6y23
4 21
25. Finger Thickness Your friend tells you that her finger is }
3 1 2
inch thick. Evaluate
the expression that represents the thickness of your friend’s finger.
26. Floor Tile The minimum recommended width of the space between 6-inch by
6-inch tiles is 222 inch and the maximum recommended width is 221 inch. Simplify
Algebra 1
74 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
8.3 For use with pages 519–524
1
10. 1022 p 1023 11. 426 p 43 12. }
524
Simplify the expression. Write your answer using only positive exponents.
13. x27 14. 6y24 15. (2b)25
c23
19. (4x24y2)23 20. (8mn3)0 21. }
d25
x2 x26 1
22. } 23. }5 24. }
y24 4y 23 27
3x y
26. Frogs A frog egg currently has a radius of 521 centimeter. Write an expression
for the volume of the frog egg. Use the formula for the volume of a sphere
4
V 5 }3 πr3.
27. Metric System The metric system has names for very small lengths.
a. One micrometer is 103 times the length of one nanometer. One nanometer is
1029 meter. Write one micrometer in meters.
b. One femtometer is 103 times the length of one attometer. One attometer is
10218 meter. Write one femtometer in meters.
c. One centimeter is 1010 times the length of one picometer. One picometer is
LESSON 8.3
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 75
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
8.3 For use with pages 519–524
1 8 (2x)24y8
13. } 14. } 15. }
(4x )22
25 (22d 2)24 2x5y23
x26y4 20x3y24 (4x24y7)2
16. } 17. } 18. }
(23x2)24y21 (2x24y21)2 24x26y2
Tell whether the statement is true or false for all nonzero values of a and
b. If it is false, give a counterexample.
a25 1 b21 a 1
19. } 26
5 }a 20. } 21
5} 21. } 5a1b
a a b a 1 b21
21
22. Guitar The world’s smallest guitar is only 1026 meter tall. An average guitar is
about 100 meter tall. How many times taller is an average guitar than the world’s
smallest guitar?
23. Knitting Needles A size 1 knitting needle has a diameter of about 421 centimeter
and a size 8 knitting needle has a diameter of about 221 centimeter.
Algebra 1
76 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
8.3 For use with pages 519–524
23
3. }
1
622
4. 1 }52 2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Multiply exponents.
1
5 }8 Definition of negative exponents
(22)
1
5}
256
Evaluate power.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 77
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
8.3 For use with pages 519–524
25s2t10
5} Product of powers property
210s t
3 4
5t 6
5}
22s
Quotient of powers property
Algebra 1
78 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
8.1–8.3
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 505–524
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 79
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
8.3 For use with pages 519–524
In Exercises 1–5, a and b are real numbers such that a > 0 and b > 0. Tell
whether the statement is always true, sometimes true, or never true.
If it is sometimes true, give a pair of values for which it is true and a pair
of values for which it is false.
a23 b4
1. } 24
5 }3
b a
2. (a 1 b)22 5 a 22 1 b22
3. (a 2 1 b 2)1/2 5 a 1 b
4. (a 2 1 b 2)2 5 a 4 1 2a2b2 1 b 4
5. a 1 b 5 a2 1 b2
6. Determine which positive values of a make a 23 > a 24 a true statement.
In Exercises 7–10, evaluate the given expression for the given values of a.
[(a 1 1)22]3
7. }; a 5 0
[(a 2 1)23]2
[(a2 1 3) a 2 2]3
8. }}; a 5 2
[(a 2 1)2]4
9. [(a 1 2)a]a 2 1 2 2a 1 1; a 5 0
(a a)22a
10. } ;a52
(a 1 1)2a
Algebra 1
80 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Practice
8.3 For use with pages 525–526
1
10. 6424/3 11. (264)1/3 12. }
824/3
21621/3 1
13. 253/2 • 251/2 14. } 15. } • 3623/2
2162/3 3622
811/2 (28)1/3
16. (264)2/3 • (264)21/3 17. 813/2 4 } 18. (28)5/3 • }
8121/2 (28)2/3
19. Reasoning Show that the product of the cube root of a and a can be written as a4/3
using an argument similar to the one given for square roots on page 525.
23
20. Challenge Evaluate the expression 644/3 • } ÷ 256.
163/2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
FOCUS ON 8.3
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 81
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery
8.3 For use with pages 525–526
In lesson 2.7, you learned to write the square root of a number using
a radical sign. You can also write a square root of a number using
}
exponents. For a nonnegative number a, Ï a 5 a1/2. You can work
1 1
with exponents of }2 and multiples of }2 just as you work with integer
exponents.
1. 14421/2 2. 93/2
3. 6423/2 4. 251/2
FOCUS ON 8.3
Algebra 1
82 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery continued
8.3 For use with pages 525–526
5 (1251/3)4 5 (271/3)22
3} 3 } 22
5 1 Ï 125 24 = 1 Ï27 2
5 54 5 322
5 625 1
5 }2
3
1
5 }9
5
Exercises for Example 3
Evaluate the expression.
84/3 41/2
9. 1621/2 • 162 10. 273 • 2728/3 11. 87/3 • } 12. 423/2 • }
82 423/2
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 83
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Graphing Calculator Activity Keystrokes
8.4 For use with page 535
10 ^ 21 ) EXE
Algebra 1
84 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
8.4 For use with pages 528–534
LESSON 8.4
1. 0.004 2. 0.04 3. 4000
31. Body Makeup The table below shows the amounts (in pounds) of some elements
that are in the body of a 150-pound person. Complete the table.
Weight in
scientific ? 3 3 1021 ? 6 3 1022 ? 1.5 3 101
notation
32. Internet Users In 2003, there were about 5.8078 3 108 people using the Internet in
the world and about 1.6575 3 108 of these people were in the United States. What
percent of Internet users in 2003 were in the United States? Round your answer to
the nearest tenth of a percent.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 85
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
8.4 For use with pages 528–534
32. Pixels The images on a computer screen are made up of more than 5000 pixels,
or dots, per square inch. How many pixels are on a computer screen that measures
108 square inches? Write your answer in scientific notation.
33. Oregon Oregon has an area of approximately 2.52 3 105 square kilometers. In
2000, the population of Oregon was approximately 3.42 3 106 people. How many
people were there per square kilometer in Oregon in 2000?
34. Uranus’ Moons The table below shows the masses in kilograms of some of Uranus’
moons.
Algebra 1
86 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
8.4 For use with pages 528–534
LESSON 8.4
1. 0.0015 2. 30,400 3. 0.0000046
25. California California has an area of approximately 4.11 3 105 square kilometers.
In 2000, the population of California was approximately 3.39 3 107 people. How
many people were there per square kilometer in California in 2000?
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
26. Helium Atom A proton and a neutron each weigh 1.67 3 10224 gram. An electron
weighs 9.11 3 10228 gram. One helium atom contains 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and
2 electrons. Find the mass of one helium atom.
27. Saturn’s Moons The table below shows the masses in kilograms of some of
Saturn’s moons.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 87
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
8.4 For use with pages 528–534
Vocabulary
A number is written in scientific notation when it is of the form
c 3 10n where 1 ≤ c < 10 and n is an integer.
Solution
a. 397,000,000 5 3.97 3 108 Move decimal point 8 places to the left.
Exponent is 8.
b. 0.000712 5 7.12 3 1024 Move decimal point 4 places to the right.
Exponent is 24.
Solution
a. 3.02 3 104 5 30,200 Exponent is 4.
Move decimal point 4 places to the right.
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
8.4 For use with pages 528–534
STEP 2 Order the numbers. First order the numbers with different powers of 10.
LESSON 8.4
Then order the numbers with the same power of 10.
Because 106 < 107, you know that 9.1 3 106 is less than both 1.32 3 107 and
5.2 3 107. Because 1.32 < 5.2, you know that 1.32 3 107 is less than 5.2 3 107.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 89
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
8.4 For use with pages 528–534
Algebra 1
90 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Spreadsheet Activity Keystrokes
8.5 For use with pages 544 and 545
EXCEL
Select cell A1.
Years since 1984, t TAB Value, C (dollars) ENTER
Select cells A3–A22. From the Edit menu, choose Fill. From the Fill submenu, choose Down. Select
cells B2 and B3. From the Format menu, choose Cells. Select the Number tab. In the Category list,
choose Number. For Decimal places, use the up and down arrows to set the number of decimal places
to 2. Click OK. Select cells B3–B22. From the Edit menu, choose Fill. From the Fill submenu, choose
LESSON 8.5
Down.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 91
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
A. y B. y C. y
5 5 5
3 3 3
LESSON 8.5
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 21
5 10 5
3 6 3
1 2 1
5 5 5
3 3 3
1 1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 21
Algebra 1
92 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
7 x 5 x 7 x
12. y 5 }
3 1 2 13. y 5 }
2 1 2 14. y 5 }
4 1 2
y y y
5 5 5
3 3 3
1 1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 21
Graph the function. Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 4x.
LESSON 8.5
1
15. y 5 24x 16. y 5 3 p 4x 17. y 5 } p 4x
4
y y y
3
3 3
1
1 1
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21
23
23 23
In the growth model, identify the growth rate, the growth factor, and the
initial amount.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
21. Investments You deposit $200 in a savings account that earns 3% interest
compounded yearly. Find the balance in the account after the given amounts of time.
a. 1 year
b. 2 years
c. 5 years
22. Grade Point Average From Chad’s freshman year to his senior year, his grade point
average has increased by approximately the same percentage each year. Chad’s grade
point average in year t can be modeled by
5 t
y 5 21 }4 2
where t 5 0 corresponds to Chad’s freshman year. Complete the table showing
Chad’s grade point average throughout his high school career.
Year, t 0 1 2 3
Grade point average ? ? ? ?
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 93
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
y y y
10 3 3
LESSON 8.5
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
2 21 21
23 21 1 3 x
22 23 23
9 x 3 x
6. y 5 }
2 1 2 7. y 5 25x 1 2
8. y 5 2 }
2
y y y
5
1 1
3
23 1 3 x 1 3 x
21
1
23 23
4 x
9. y 5 5 p 2x 1 2
10. y 5 2 p }
3
11. y 5 23 p 2x
y y y
1
10 5
21 1 3 x
21
6 3
23
2 1
25
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
22 21
Algebra 1
94 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
Graph the function. Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 6x.
1
12. y 5 2 p 6 x 13. y 5 26 x 14. y 5 } p 6 x
2
y y y
1
10 5
23 1 3 x
21
6 3
23
2 1
25
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
22 21
1 3
LESSON 8.5
15. y 5 23 p 6 x 16. y 5 2} p 6 x 17. y 5 2} p 6 x
4 2
y y y
3 2
1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
23 22
23 21 1 3 x
21
29 26
23
215 210
25
18. Investments You deposit $500 in a savings account that earns 2.5% interest
compounded yearly. Find the balance in the account after the given amounts of time.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a. 1 year
b. 5 years
c. 20 years
20. Profit A business had $10,000 profit in 2000. Then the profit increased by 8%
each year for the next 10 years.
a. Write a function that models the profit in dollars over time.
b. Use the function to predict the profit in 2009.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 95
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
15 3 5
LESSON 8.5
9 1 3
23 21 1 3 x
3 21 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
23 23 21
9 x 5 x
6. y 5 }
8 1 2 7. y 5 27x 8. y 5 2 }
2 1 2
y y y
3
23 21 1 3 x
3 21
1
1 23
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 21 1 3 x
21 25
3 x
9. y 5 3 p 6 x 10. y 5 4 p }
2 1 2 11. y 5 22 p 4x
y y y
10 2
15
23 21 1 3 x
6 22
9
2 26
3
23 21 1 3 x
22 210
23 21 1 3 x
23
Algebra 1
96 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
Graph the function. Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 5x.
1
12. y 5 2 p 5x 13. y 5 25x 14. y 5 } p 5x
2
y y y
10
1 3
6
23 21 1 3 x
21 1
2
23 21 1 3 x
23 21
23 21 1 3 x
22
25 23
1 3
LESSON 8.5
15. y 5 23 p 5x 16. y 5 2} p 5x 17. y 5 2} p 5x
2 4
y y y
3 3 3
23 21 1 3 x
23 1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
29 21 21
215 23 23
18. Investments You deposit $375 in a savings account that earns 2.75% interest
compounded yearly. Find the interest earned by the account after the given amounts
of time. Explain how you got your answers.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a. 1 year
b. 5 years
c. 20 years
19. Population A town had a population of 65,000 in 2000. Then the population
increased by 2.5% each year for the next 5 years.
a. Write a function that models the population over time.
b. Use the function to predict the population in 2004.
20. Internet Users The number of students who have applied for Internet privileges at
school has doubled each month.
a. What is the percent of increase each month?
b. Ten students had applied for Internet privileges initially. Write a function that
models the number of students applying for Internet privileges over time.
c. How many students will have applied for Internet privileges in 4 months?
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 97
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
Vocabulary
An exponential function is a function of the form y 5 abx where
a Þ 0, b > 0, and b Þ 1.
When a > 0 and b > 1, the function y 5 abx represents exponential
growth.
Compound interest is interest earned on both an initial investment and
on previously earned interest.
15
23 21 1 3 x
Algebra 1
98 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
LESSON 8.5
21 }
4
2}8 }
2 y5
1
22 (4)x
23
1
0 1 2}2 2
1 4 22 8
2 16 28 32
1 1
Because the y-values for y 5 2}2 p 4x are 2}2 times the corresponding y-values for
1
y 5 4x, the graph of y 5 2}2 p 4x is a vertical shrink and a reflection in the x-axis of
the graph of y 5 4x.
Because the y-values for y 5 2 p 4x are 2 times the corresponding y-values for y 5 4x,
the graph of y 5 2 p 4x is a vertical stretch of the graph of y 5 4x.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
x 22 21 0 1 2
y 1 3 9 27 81
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 99
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Problem Solving Workshop:
8.5
Worked Out Example
For use with pages 536–543
PROBLEM Savings You put $125 in a savings account that earns 3% annual interest
compounded yearly. You do not make any deposits or withdrawals. How much will
your investment be worth in 4 years?
STEP 1 Read and Understand
What do you know? The amount deposited, the annual interest, and the years
What do you want to find out? How much is in the account after 4 years?
STEP 2 Make a Plan Use what you know to write and solve an exponential growth
model.
STEP 3 Solve the Problem Write and solve an exponential growth model.
y 5 a(1 1 r)t Write exponential growth model.
LESSON 8.5
Algebra 1
100 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
8.5 For use with pages 536–543
3
2. (0, 3), (1, 6), 21, }
2 1 2
125
3. 1 0, }12 2, 1 21, }1
10 2 1
, 3, }2 2
LESSON 8.5
In Exercises 6–10, use the properties of exponents to write both functions
so that each has the same constant raised to a power, then determine
which function has the greater value when x 5 1.
6. f (x) 5 3 p 28x
g(x) 5 3 p 46x
7. f (x) 5 2 p 42x 2 1
g(x) 5 5 p 16x 1 2
8. f (x) 5 25x 1 1
1 22x
g(x) 5 1 }5 2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
9. f (x) 5 6 p 16x
1
g(x) 5 }2 p 64x
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 101
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
y 100 10 1 }
1
}
1 y 25 23 21 1 3
10 100
1
x
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 3 23 21 1 3 x
21 21
23 23 23
5 5 5
1 1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 21
y y y
5 5 5
3 3 3
1 1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 21
Algebra 1
102 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
x
1
Graph the function. Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 1 } 2. 3
1 x 1 x 1 1 x
12. y 5 2 p }
3 1 2 13. y 5 2 }
3 1 2 14. y 5 } p }
3 3 1 2
y y y
3
5 3
1
3 1
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 21 1 3 x
1 21
23
23 21 1 3 x
21 23
1 1
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 21 1 x 21 1 3 x
21 21
23
LESSON 8.6
3 3 3
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
21. Car Value You buy a used car for $12,000. It depreciates at the rate of 15% per
year. Find the value of the car after the given number of years.
a. 1 year
b. 3 years
c. 5 years
22. Declining Employment A business had 4000 employees in 2000. Each year for the
next 5 years, the number of employees decreased by 2%.
a. Write a function that models the number of employees over time.
b. Use the function to predict the number of employees in 2004. Round to the
nearest whole number.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 103
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
26 22 2 6 x
21
23 21 1 3 x
22
1 x
6. y 5 2 p }
5 1 2 7. y 5 2 p (0.25)x 8. y 5 20.5 p (0.3)x
y y y
10 7
0.5
6 5
23 21 3 x
20.5
LESSON 8.6
23 21 1 3 x
x
1
Graph the function. Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 1 } 2. 8
1 x 1 x 1 1 x
9. y 5 2 p }
8 1 2 10. y 5 2 }
8 1 2 11. y 5 } p }
4 8 1 2
y y y
20 5
2
3
23 21 1 3 x
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
24 21
Algebra 1
104 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
(22, 1)
1 4 (0, 2) 1
23 21 1 3 x 26 22 2 6 x 23 21 1 x
21 24 21
18. Computer Value You buy a computer for $3000. It depreciates at the rate of
20% per year. Find the value of the computer after the given number of years.
a. 1 year
LESSON 8.6
b. 3 years
c. 5 years
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
7
In January, the unemployment rate was 7%. 6
5
a. Use the graph at the right to write a function that
4
models the unemployment rate of the city over time.
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 t
b. What was the unemployment rate in December? Months since January
20. Indoor Water Park An indoor water park had a declining attendance from 2000
to 2005. The attendance in 2000 was 18,000. Each year for the next 5 years, the
attendance decreased by 5.5%.
a. Write a function that models the attendance since 2000.
b. What was the attendance in 2005?
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 105
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
1 x
6. y 5 4 p }
9 1 2 7. y 5 3 p (0.25)x 8. y 5 20.2 p (0.3)x
y y y
0.1
30 10
23 21 1 3 x
20.1
LESSON 8.6
18 6
20.3
1 x
Graph the function. Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 1 } 2. 5
1 x 1 x 1 1 x
9. y 5 5 p }
5 1 2 10. y 5 2 }
5 1 2 11. y 5 2} p }
5 5 1 2
y y y
25 3
1
15 1
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 21 1 3 x
5 21
23
23 21 1 3 x
25 23
25
Algebra 1
106 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
1 (2, 0.8) 1 2
21 1 3 5 x 25 23 21 1 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 22
18. Truck Value You buy a used truck for $15,000. It depreciates at a rate of 18% per
year. Find how much the value of the truck depreciated after the given number of
years have passed.
a. 1 year
b. 3 years
LESSON 8.6
c. 5 years
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
since 2000. 6
5
a. Use the graph at the right to write a function that models
4
the number of hours your great-aunt sleeps each night 3
over time. 2
b. How many hours of sleep did your aunt average a night 1
in 2003? 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t
Years since 2000
20. Investment You invested $2000 into the stock market in 2000. Your investment
increased 6% each year for five years. Over the next five years your investment
decreased in value of 6% each year. Did you have the $2000 again at the end of ten
years? Explain your reasoning.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 107
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
Vocabulary
When a > 0 and 0 < b < 1, the function y 5 a p b x represents
exponential decay.
36 36 36
The value of y when x 5 0 is 22, so a 5 22.
The table represents the exponential function y 5 22 p 6 x.
x 21 0 1 2 7
1 1
y 10 1 } } 5
10 100
x
STEP 2 Plot the points. y5 (101 )
1
STEP 3 Draw a smooth curve through the points.
23 21 1 3 x
From either the table or the graph, you can
see the range is all positive real numbers.
Algebra 1
108 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
a. y b. y
(1, 8)
7
(0, 15)
15 5
(0, 4)
9
(1, 5)
3 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
Solution
a. The graph represents exponential decay ( y 5 abx where 0 < b < 1). The
y-intercept is 15, so a 5 15. Find the value of b by using the point (1, 5)
and a 5 15.
y 5 abx Write function.
5 5 15 p b1 Substitute.
1
}5b Solve.
3
1 x
A function rule is y 5 15 p 1 }3 2 .
LESSON 8.6
b. The graph represents exponential growth ( y 5 ab x where b > 1). The y-intercept
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 109
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
8.4–8.6
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 528–554
8,000
b. How much of the 20 ounces sprayed 4,000
Explain.
Number of
(millions)
1200
(0, 91)
800 8. Extended Response A skier is saving
(1, 145)
400 money to buy a new pair of ski boots. The
0 skier puts $200 in a saving account that pays
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
Years since 1995 4% annual interest compounded yearly.
a. Write a function that models the amount
a. Does the graph represent exponential
growth or exponential decay? of money in the account over time.
b. Graph the function.
b. Write a function that models the
number of mobile phone subscribers c. The skier wants a pair of ski boots that
over time. cost $234.99. Will there be enough in
c. How many mobile phone subscribers
the account after 3 years to buy the ski
were there in 1998? boots? Explain.
Algebra 1
110 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
8.6 For use with pages 547–554
1. 1 1, }32 2, 1 2, }34 2, 1 4, }3
16 2
2. 1 1, }23 2, 1 3, }2 2
27 2 1 243 2
, 5, }
36 108
1
3. (0, 4), 2, } , 3, }
25 125 21 2
2 4
1
4. (1, 1), 2, } , 3, }
5 25 21 2
5. 1 0, }73 2, (1, 1), 1 2, }37 2
In Exercises 6–9, use the properties of exponents to write both functions
so that each has the same constant raised to a power, then determine
which function has the greater value when x 5 1.
1 5x
6. f(x) 5 3 p }
9 1 2
1 6x
g(x) 5 4 p 1 }3 2
1 2x 2 1
7. f (x) 5 2 p }
4 1 2
1 x12
g(x) 5 5 p 1 }
16 2
LESSON 8.6
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
1 x11
8. f (x) 5 }
5 1 2
1 2x
g(x) 5 1 }
25 2
3 2x
9. f (x) 5 6 p }
4 1 2
1 18 x
g(x) 5 }2 p 1 }
32 2
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 111
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Practice
8.6 For use with pages 555–556
1. 2, 4, 6, 8, ... 2. 64, 232, 16, 28, ... 3. 21, 23, 25, 27, ...
Y Y Y
/
X
/
/ X X
Write a rule for the nth term of the geometric sequence. Then graph the
sequence, and identify the domain and the range.
4. 64, 16, 4, 1, ... 5. 1, 26, 36, 2216, ... 6. 3, 6, 12, 24, ...
Y Y Y
/ X
/ X / X
FOCUS ON 8.6
1 1 1 1 1 1
7. 1, }, }, }, ... 8. 21, }, 2}, }, ... 9. 281, 227, 29, 23, ...
4 16 64 2 4 8
/ X /
X
.UMBER OF 'ENERATIONS N
Algebra 1
112 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery
8.6 For use with pages 555–556
Vocabulary
In a geometric sequence, the ratio of any term to the previous term is
constant.
This constant ratio is called the common ratio and is denoted by r.
The General Rule for a Geometric Sequence is given by an 5 a1r n 2 1.
FOCUS ON 8.6
a4 2 a3 5 16 2 12 = 4 a5 2 a4 5 20 2 16 = 4
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 113
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery continued
8.6 For use with pages 555–556
O 1 2 3 4 5 x
To write a rule for the nth term of the sequence, substitute the values for a1 and r in the
1 1 n21
Algebra 1
114 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Chapter Review Game
8 For use after Chapter 8
Math History
Solve the following exercises. Find the answer at the right of the page.
Place the letter associated with the correct answer on the line with the
exercise number to answer the following question.
Who was the first mathematician to use exponential notation the way we use it today?
Exercises Answers
1. Simplify: x 3 p x5 (S) 1.495 3 1011 (B) 0
2. Write in scientific notation: 31,009,100 (R) x 8 (N) 1
3. Simplify: (8x 4y 3)0 (E) 0.055 (D) 0.891
x2 3 x6
4. Simplify: }
y 1 2 (L) 1.055 (E) }3
y
5. What is the decay factor in the model y 5 35(0.891)t? (A) 3.0 3 10 25 (P) x 15
500
6. Simplify: 2(3x 2)4(2x)2 (T) 2}
4 6 (C) 2x 7y
x y
7. Write in standard form: 9.87 3 1025 (K) 987,000
16x22y 4 y14
8. Simplify: } (R) }6
(2x23y)3 16x
7.5 3 1023 8x 7
9. Evaluate: } (U) }
y
2.5 3 102
10. Simplify: (2x23y 4)2 p (4y22)23 (E) 3.10091 3 107
5 3 2x 2 x6
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
x 1
11. Simplify: 2}2 p }3
y 2 1 2 (F) }
y
12. What is the growth rate in the model y 5 17(1.055)t ? (S) 0.0000987
13. Evaluate: (6.5 3 106)(2.3 3 104) (E) 2324x10
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book 115
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter
9 For use with Chapter 9
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Chapter Overview One way you can help your student succeed in Chapter 9 is by
discussing the lesson goals in the chart below. When a lesson is completed, ask your student the
following questions. ÒWhat were the goals of the lesson? What new words and formulas did you
learn? How can you apply the ideas of the lesson to your life?Ó
• Scrapbook Design
9.7: Factor Special Products Factor special products. • Falling Object
• Falling Brush
• Grasshopper
9.8: Factor Polynomials Factor polynomials • Terrarium • Carpentry
Completely completely. • Jumping Robot
In Chapter 9, you will apply the key ideas listed in the Chapter Opener (see page 571)
and reviewed in the Chapter Summary (see page 634).
1. Adding, subtracting, and multiplying polynomials
2. Factoring polynomials
3. Writing and solving polynomial equations to solve problems
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 117
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter continued
9 For use with Chapter 9
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Key Ideas Your student can demonstrate understanding of key concepts by working through
the following exercises with you.
Lesson Exercise
9.2 You frame a picture that has a length of 10 inches and a width of 8 inches with a
border that is the same width on every side.
(a) Write a polynomial that represents the total area of the picture and border.
(b) Find the total area when the width of the border is 3 inches.
9.3 Find the product. (a) (3x 2 4)2 (b) (x 1 5y)(x 2 5y)
9.4 While lying on the ground, you throw a paper airplane straight up in the air with an
initial vertical velocity of 20 feet per second. The airplane’s height h, t seconds after
you throw it, can be modeled by h 5 216t 2 1 20t. After how many seconds does it
land on the ground?
9.7 A clothesline runs between two apartment buildings 144 feet in the air. A wet sock
is dropped while being placed on the line. Use the vertical motion model to write an
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia
9 Usar con el Capítulo 9
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Vistazo al capítulo Una manera en que puede ayudar a su hijo a tener xito en el
Captulo 9 es hablar sobre los objetivos de la leccin en la tabla a continuacin. Cuando se termina
una leccin, pregntele a su hijo lo siguiente: ÒÀCules fueron los objetivos de la leccin? ÀQu
palabras y frmulas nuevas aprendiste? ÀCmo puedes aplicar a tu vida las ideas de la leccin?Ó
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 119
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia continúa
9 Usar con el Capítulo 9
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Ideas clave Su hijo puede demostrar la comprensión de las ideas clave al hacer los
siguientes ejercicios con usted.
Lección Ejercicio
9.4 Recostado en el suelo, tiras un avión de papel hacia arriba con una velocidad
vertical inicial de 20 pies por segundo. La altura del avión h, t segundos después
de tirarlo, se puede modelar por h 5 216t 2 1 20t. ¿Después de cuántos segundos
aterriza el avión?
9.7 Un tendedero se extiende 114 pies en el aire entre dos edificios de apartamentos.
Un calcetín mojado se cae del tendedero. Usa el modelo de moción vertical para
LESSON
Graphing Calculator Activity Keystrokes
9.1 For use with page 578
x 2
2 X,T,,n 2 ENTER EXE 3 X,,T x 2
2 X,,T 2
Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the EXE F4 F2 EXIT SHIFT F3 () 5
graph style icon in the first column before y2. EXE 5 EXE 1 EXE () 5 EXE 5 EXE
Press ENTER until you see the graph style thick. 1 EXE EXIT F6
LESSON 9.1
ENTER GRAPH From the main menu, choose GRAPH.
( X,,T ^ 3 X,,T 1 )
Part b. ( 5 X,,T ^ 3 2 X,,T 7 )
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 121
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
9.1 For use with pages 572–578
Write the polynomial so that the exponents decrease from left to right.
Identify the degree and leading coefficient of the polynomial.
1. 8n6 2. 29z 1 1 3. 4 1 2x 5
4. 18x 2 x 2 1 2 5. 3y 3 1 4y 2 1 8 6. m 2 20m3 1 5
7. 28 1 10a 4 2 3a7 8. 4z 1 z 3 2 5z 2 1 6z 4 9. 8h 3 2 6h 4 1 h7
13. 3b2 2 2
1
14. } x 2 2 2x 1 1 15. 6x 3 2 1.4x
LESSON 9.1
x11
24. Library Books For 1995 through 2005, the number F of fiction books (in ten
thousands) and the number N of nonfiction books (in ten thousands) borrowed
from a library can be modeled by
F 5 0.01t 2 1 0.08t 1 7 and N 5 0.004t 2 1 0.05t 1 5
where t is the number of years since 1995. Find the total number B of books
borrowed from the library in a year from 1995 to 2005.
25. Photograph Mat A mat in a frame has an opening
for a photograph as shown in the figure. Find the
area of the mat if the area of the opening is given by
A 5 πab. Leave your answer in terms of π. b ⫽ 4x ⫺ 2 4x
a⫽3
x
Not drawn to scale
Algebra 1
122 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
9.1 For use with pages 572–578
Write the polynomial so that the exponents decrease from left to right.
Identify the degree and leading coefficient of the polynomial.
1. 4n 5 2. 4x 2 2x 2 1 3 3. 6y 3 2 2y 2 1 4y 4 2 5
LESSON 9.1
11. (24m 2 1 3m 2 1) 2 (m 1 2) 12. (3m 1 4) 2 (2m 2 2 6m 1 5)
2x 1 1
2x 1 1 2x 2 1
x12
3x 2x 1 1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
15. Floor Plan The first floor of a home has the floor plan shown. Find the area of the
first floor.
4x
x 8
2 x24
x
2
16. Profit For 1995 through 2005, the revenue R (in dollars) and the cost C (in dollars)
of producing a product can be modeled by
1 21 1 13
R 5 }4 t 2 1 }
4
t 1 400 and C5}
12
t2 1 }
4
t 1 200
where t is the number of years since 1995. Write an equation for the profit earned
from 1995 to 2005. (Hint: Profit 5 Revenue 2 Cost)
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 123
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
9.1 For use with pages 572–578
10. Find the sum f (x) 1 g(x) and the difference f(x) 2 g(x) for the functions
LESSON 9.1
13. Mineral Production For 1997 through 2003, the amount P of peat produced
(in thousand metric tons) and the amount L of perlite produced (in thousand
metric tons) in the United States can be modeled by
P 5 3.09t 4 2 36.74t 3 + 121.38t 2 2 77.65t 1 663.57
and
14. Home Sales In 1997, the median sale price for a one-family home in the
Northeast was about $187,443 and the median sale price for a one-family home
in the Midwest was about $151,629. From 1997 through 2003, the median sale
price for a one-family home in the Northeast increased by about $13,857 per
year and the median sale price for a one-family home in the Midwest increased
by about $5457 per year.
a. Write two equations that model the median sale prices of a one-family home in
the Northeast and Midwest as functions of the number of years since 1997.
b. How much more did a home in the Northeast cost than a home in the Midwest
in 1997 and 2003? What was the change in the sale price of each area from
1997 to 2003?
Algebra 1
124 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
9.1 For use with pages 572–578
Vocabulary
A monomial is a number, a variable, or the product of a number and
one or more variables with whole number exponents.
The degree of a monomial is the sum of the exponents of the variables
in the monomial.
A polynomial is a monomial or a sum of monomials, each called a
term of the polynomial.
The degree of a polynomial is the greatest degree of its terms.
When a polynomial is written so that the exponents of a variable
LESSON 9.1
decrease from left to right, the coefficient of the first term is called
the leading coefficient.
A polynomial with two terms is called a binomial.
A polynomial with three terms is called a trinomial.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 125
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
9.1 For use with pages 572–578
Algebra 1
126 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Problem Solving Workshop:
9.1
Worked Out Example
For use with pages 5722578
PROBLEM College Basketball Attendance During the period 1999 –2003, the attendance M and
W (in thousands) at men’s and women’s NCAA basketball games, respectively, can be
modeled by
M 5 73.3t3 2 372.4t2 1 722.2t 1 28,524.4 and W 5 40.3t3 2 208.6t2 1 727.7t 1 8035.7
where t is the number of years since 1999. About how many people attended NCAA
basketball games in 2003?
STEP 1 Read and Understand
What do you know? The equations that model the attendance for men’s and
women’s NCAA basketball games from 1999–2003.
What do you want to find out? The attendance of NCAA basketball games in 2003.
LESSON 9.1
STEP 2 Make a Plan Use what you know to add the two equations.
STEP 3 Solve the Problem Add the models for the attendance to men’s and
women’s games to find a model for A, the total attendance (in thousands).
A 5 (73.3t 3 2 372.4t 2 1 722.2t 1 28,524.4) 1 (40.3t 3 2 208.6t 2 1 727.7t 1 8035.7)
5 (73.3t 3 1 40.3t 3) 1 (2372.4t 2 2 208.6t 2) 1 (722.2t 1 727.7t) 1 (28,524.4 1 8035.7)
5 113.6t 3 2 581t 2 1 1449.9t 1 36,560.1
Substitute 4 for t in the model, because 2003 is 4 years after 1999.
A 5 113.6(4)3 2 581(4)2 1 1449.9(4) 1 36,560.1 5 40,334.1
About 40,334,100 people attended NCAA basketball games in 2003.
STEP 4 Look Back Substitute 4 into each attendance equation and then add to find the
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
total attendance in 2003.When you substitute 4 into the men’s attendance, you obtain
30,146. When you substitute 4 into the women’s attendance, you obtain 10,188.1.
When you add the men’s and women’s attendance, you get 40,334,100 people.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 127
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
9.1 For use with pages 572–578
Algebra 1
128 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
9.2 For use with pages 579–586
LESSON 9.2
a. Write a polynomial that represents the volume
of the box.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
(3x 1 6) in.
b. Find the volume of the box when x 5 10.
(4x 1 8) in.
29. National Park System During the period 1990–2002, the number A of acres (in
thousands) making up the national park system in the United States and the percent
P (in decimal form) of this amount that is parks can be modeled by
A 5 211t 1 76,226
and
P 5 20.0008t 2 1 0.009t 1 0.6
where t is the number of years since 1990.
a. Find the values of A and P for t 5 0. What does the product A p P mean for
t 5 0 in the context of this problem?
b. Write an equation that models the number of acres (in thousands) that are just
parks as a function of the number of years since 1990.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 129
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
9.2 For use with pages 579–586
x
3x
2
x 5 x 4
that you will border using brick pavers. The width of the 6 ft
border around the bed will be the same on every side, x ft
Algebra 1
130 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
9.2 For use with pages 579–586
13. (x 2 y)(5x 1 6y) 14. (xy 2 1 70)(3x 1 2y) 15. (x 2 2 4xy 1 y 2)(5xy)
x13 x11 8
2x
x14 12
20. Car Production During the period 1995–2002, the number of cars C (in thousands)
produced in the U.S. and the average price P (in dollars) spent on one of these cars
can be modeled by
LESSON 9.2
C 5 2198.02t 1 6320.49 and P 5 1.67t 4 2 22.28t 3 1 44.84t 2 1 531.16t 1 16,860
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
21. Sporting Goods Equipment During the period 1990–2002, the amount of money
E (in millions of dollars) spent on sporting goods equipment in the U.S. and the
percent P (in decimal form) of this amount that is spent on exercise equipment can
be modeled by
E 5 25.56t 4 1 149.93t 3 2 1314.65t 2 1 4396.75t 1 14,439.09
and P 5 20.00002t 4 2 0.0005t 3 1 0.0028t 2 1 0.001t 1 0.126
where t is the number of years since 1990.
a. Find the values of E and P for t 5 0. What does the product E p P mean for
t = 0 in the context of this problem?
b. Write an equation that models the amount spent (in millions of dollars) on
exercise equipment as a function of the number of years since 1990.
c. How much money was spent in the U.S. on exercise equipment in 1990?
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 131
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
9.2 For use with pages 579–586
Solution
5x4(2x3 2 3x2 1 x 2 6) Write product.
5 5x4(2x3) 2 5x4(3x2) 1 5x4(x) 2 5x4(6) Distributive property
7 6 5 4
5 10x 2 15x 1 5x 2 30x Product of powers property
Solution
5m 2 2m 1 3 5m 2 2m 1 3
3 2m 1 7 3 2m 1 7 3 2m 1 7
Solution
(9x2 2 x 1 6)(5x 2 2) Write product.
5 9x2(5x 2 2) 2 x(5x 2 2) 1 6(5x 2 2) Distributive property
5 45x3 2 18x2 2 5x2 1 2x 1 30x 2 12 Distributive property
5 45x3 2 23x2 1 32x 2 12 Combine like terms.
Algebra 1
132 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
9.2 For use with pages 579–586
Solution
(2x 2 1)(7x 1 6) Write product.
5 (2x)(7x) 1 (2x)(6) 1 (21)(7x) 1 (21)(6) Write product of terms.
5 14x2 1 12x 1 (27x) 1 (26) Multiply.
5 14x2 1 5x 2 6 Combine like terms.
LESSON 9.2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Solution
Area 5 length p width Formula for area of a rectangle
5 (3x 2 1)(x 1 5) Substitute for length and width.
5 (3x)(x) 1 (3x)(5) 1 (21)(x) 1 (21)(5) Use FOIL pattern.
5 3x2 1 15x 1 (2x) 1 (25) Multiply.
5 3x2 1 14x 2 5 Combine like terms.
The correct answer is C.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 133
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
9.2 For use with pages 579–586
7. (x 1 1)(x 1 1) 2 (x 2 1)(x 2 1)
Algebra 1
134 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
9.3 For use with pages 5872592
A. 4x 2 1 12x 1 9 B. 4x 2 2 12x 1 9 C. 4x 2 2 9
Describe how you can use mental math to find the product.
28. 13 p 7 29. 24 p 36 30. 51 p 69
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
31. Total Profit For 1995 through 2005, the number N of units (in thousands)
produced by a manufacturing plant can be modeled by N 5 3t 1 2 and the
profit per unit P (in dollars) can be modeled by P 5 3t 2 2 where t is the
number of years since 1995. Write a polynomial that models the total profit T
(in thousands of dollars).
32. Eye Color In humans, the brown eye gene B is dominant Mother
and the blue eye gene b is recessive. This means that humans B b
whose eye genes are BB, Bb, or bB have brown eyes and
those with bb have blue eyes. The Punnett square at the right
LESSON 9.3
B BB Bb
shows the results of eye colors for children of parents who
Father
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 135
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
9.3 For use with pages 5872592
13. (6m 1 10)(6m 2 10) 14. (7p 2 2)(7p 1 2) 15. (9c 2 1)(9c 1 1)
Describe how you can use mental math to find the product.
19. 15 p 25 20. 43 p 57 21. 182
Perform the indicated operation using the functions f(x) 5 4x 1 0.5 and
g(x) 5 4x 2 0.5.
22. f(x) p g(x) 23. (f(x))2 24. (g(x))2
25. Pea Plants In pea plants, the gene S is for spherical seed shape, and the gene s is
for wrinkled seed shape. Any gene combination with an S results in a spherical seed
shape. Suppose two pea plants have the same gene combination Ss.
a. Make a Punnett square that shows the possible gene combinations of an offspring
pea plant and the resulting seed shape.
26. Basketball Statistics You are on the basketball team Made Missed
and you want to figure out some statistics about foul
shots. The area model shows the possible outcomes of Made
two attempted foul shots.
a. What percent of the two possible outcomes of two
attempted foul shots results in you making at least
LESSON 9.3
Missed
one foul shot? Explain how you found your answer
using the table.
b. Show how you could use a polynomial to model the
possible results of two attempted foul shots.
Algebra 1
136 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
9.3 For use with pages 5872592
13. (9z 1 12)(9z 2 12) 14. (15 2 w)(15 1 w) 15. (6 2 5p)(6 1 5p)
16. (20 2 3m)(20 1 3m) 17. (10a 2 5b)(10a 1 5b) 18. (4x 2 3y)(4x 1 3y)
Describe how you can use mental math to find the product.
19. 36 p 44 20. 232 21. 492
Perform the indicated operation using the functions f(x) 5 9x 2 0.5 and
g(x) 5 9x 1 0.5.
22. f(x) p g(x) 23. (f(x) 1 g(x))2 24. (f(x) 2 g(x))2
25. Write two binomials that have the product x 2 2 144. Explain how you found
your answer.
26. Write a pattern for the cube of a binomial (a 2 b)3. Justify.
27. Soccer Statistics You are on the soccer team and you want Made Missed
to figure out some statistics about attempted goals. The area
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 137
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
9.3 For use with pages 587– 592
Solution
a. (7x 1 2)2 5 (7x)2 1 2(7x)(2) 1 22 Square of a binomial pattern
5 49x2 1 28x 1 4 Simplify.
2. (3z 1 7)2
3. (2w 2 3)2
4. (10r 2 3s)2
Algebra 1
138 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
9.3 For use with pages 587–592
Solution
a. (m 1 9)(m 2 9) 5 m2 2 92 Sum and difference pattern
5 m2 2 81 Simplify.
6. (7f 2 1)(7f 1 1)
7. (2h 1 9)(2h 2 9)
8. (6k 2 8)(6k 1 8)
Solution
Notice that 37 is 3 less than 40 while 43 is 3 more than 40.
37 p 43 5 (40 2 3)(40 1 3) Write as a product of difference and sum.
5 402 2 32 Sum and difference pattern
5 1600 2 9 Evaluate powers.
5 1591 Simplify.
Describe how you can use special products to find the product.
9. 552
10. 31 p 49
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 139
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
9.3 For use with pages 587–592
In Exercises 7 and 8, use the result from Exercise 6 to find the product.
7. (3x 2 2y 1 5z)2
8. (ax 2 by 1 cz)2
11. Find an expression for the product of three consecutive odd integers, with 2x 1 1 as
the smallest of the three integers. Write the result as a polynomial in standard form.
12. Explain why the result from Exercise 11 is an odd number.
Algebra 1
140 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
9.4 For use with pages 5932598
LESSON 9.4
1. (x 1 4)(x 1 5) 5 0 A. 25 and 4
2. (x 2 4)(x 1 5) 5 0 B. 25 and 24
3. (x 2 5)(x 2 4) 5 0 C. 4 and 5
26. a 2 1 4a 5 0 B. 0 and 24
1
27. a 2 2 4a 5 0 C. 0 and 2}
4
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
34. Hot Air Balloon An object is dropped from a hot-air balloon 1296 feet above the
ground. The height of the object is given by
h 5 216(t 2 9)(t 1 9)
where the height h is measured in feet, and the time t is measured in seconds.
After how many seconds will the object hit the ground?
35. Kickball A kickball is kicked upward with an initial vertical velocity of 3.2 meters
per second. The height of the ball is given by
h 5 29.8t 2 1 3.2t
where the height h is measured in meters, and the time t is measured in seconds.
After how many seconds does the ball land?
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 141
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
9.4 For use with pages 5932598
4. (n 2 8)(n 2 9) 5 0 1 1
2
5. (d 1 8) d 2 } 5 0
2
6. 1 c 1 }34 2(c 2 6) 5 0
7. (2z 2 8)(z 1 5) 5 0 8. (y 2 3)(5y 1 10) 5 0 9. (6b 2 4)(b 2 8) 5 0
34. Diving Board A diver jumps from a diving board that is 24 feet above the water.
The height of the diver is given by
h 5 216(t 2 1.5)(t 1 1)
35. Dog To catch a frisbee, a dog leaps into the air with an initial velocity of 14 feet
per second.
a. Write a model for the height of the dog above the ground.
b. After how many seconds does the dog land on the ground?
Algebra 1
142 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
9.4 For use with pages 5932598
LESSON 9.4
2 5 3
1 2
1. (x 1 3) x 2 } 5 0
5
2. 1 m 2 }2 2 1 m 1 }2 2 5 0 3. (4b 1 16)(b 2 6) 5 0
31. Fish A fish jumps out of the water while swimming. The height h (in feet) of the
fish can be modeled by h 5 216t 2 1 3.5t where t is the time (in seconds) since the
fish jumped out of the water.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a. Find the zeros of the function. Explain what the zeros mean in this situation.
b. What is a reasonable domain for the function? Explain your answer.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 143
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
9.4 For use with pages 593– 598
Vocabulary
The zero-product property is used to solve an equation when one
side is zero and the other side is a product of polynomial factors.
The solutions of such an equation are also called roots.
The height of a projectile can be described by the vertical motion
model: h 5 216t 2 1 vt 1 s, where t is the time (in seconds) the
object has been in the air, v is the initial vertical velocity (in feet per
second), and s is the initial height (in feet).
Solution
(x 2 3)(x 1 6) 5 0 Write original equation.
x2350 or x1650 Zero-product property
x53 or x 5 26 Solve for x.
The roots of the equation are 3 and 26.
CHECK Substitute each root into the original equation to check.
(3 2 3)(3 1 6) 0 0 (26 2 3)(26 1 6) 0 0
Algebra 1
144 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
9.4 For use with pages 593– 598
LESSON 9.4
Solve 9y 2 5 21y.
9y2 5 21y Write original equation.
9y2 2 21y 5 0 Subtract 21y from each side.
3y(3y 2 7) 5 0 Factor left side.
3y 5 0 or 3y 2 7 5 0 Zero-product property
7
y50 or y 5 }3 Solve for y.
7
The roots of the equation are 0 and }3.
Solution
STEP 2 Substitute 0 for h. When the child lands, the child’s height above the
ground is 0 feet. Solve for t.
0 5 216t2 1 8t Substitute 0 for h.
0 5 8t(22t 1 1) Factor right side.
8t 5 0 or 22t 1 1 5 0 Zero-product property
1
t50 or t 5 }2 Solve for t.
1
The child lands on the ground }2 second after the child jumps.
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
9.1–9.4
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 5722598
LESSON 9.4
1. Multi-Step Problem You are making a 4. Gridded Response During the period
scrapbook out of pictures that are 7 inches 1997–2003, the total number N (in
long and 5 inches wide. You want to place a thousands) of mechanics employed by the
border of equal width on each edge. airline industry can be modeled by
a. Write a polynomial that represents N 5 21.16t 2 1 5.51t 1 65.34
the total area of the picture with the
border. where t is the number of years since 1997.
b. Find the total area of the picture with What is the degree of the polynomial that
border when the width of the border is represents N?
2 inches. 5. Short Response The height h (in feet)
2. Multi-Step Problem During the period of a kangaroo’s jump can be modeled by
199722002, the sporting goods sales S h 5 216t 2 1 18t where t is the time
(in millions of dollars) and the percent P (in seconds) since the kangaroo jumped
(in decimal form) of sporting goods sales off of the ground. Find the zeros of the
that are for exercise equipment can be function. Explain what the zeros mean in
modeled by this situation.
Algebra 1
146 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Challenge Practice
9.4 For use with pages 593–598
In Exercises 1–5, find a polynomial that has these given roots. Write the
LESSON 9.4
result as a polynomial with x as the variable, in both factored form and
standard form.
1. 1, 2, 3
2. 21, 0, 1
3. 0, 0, 1, 1
1
4. 0, } , 2
2
2
5. 21, 2} , 23
3
6. A rectangular pool whose long side is twice as long as its narrow side is being built.
There will be a paved border around all sides of the pool that is 5 feet wide around
three sides and 10 feet wide around one of the narrow ends to accommodate a diving
platform. The total area of the pool and the border is 1650 square feet. Write an
equation for the area of the pool and border where x represents the length of the
short side of the pool.
7. In Exercise 6, find the length of the sides of the pool.
8. Consider the equation x3 2 xy 2 5 0. What are the possible values of x and y that
make the equation hold true?
9. Consider the equation x4 2 x2y 2 5 0. What are the possible values of x and y that
make the equation hold true?
10. Consider the equation (x2 1 y2)(x2 2 y2) 5 0. What are the possible values of x and
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 147
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LESSON
Practice A
9.5 For use with pages 600–607
7. p2 2 3p 2 10 8. c 2 1 10c 2 11 9. y 2 1 5y 2 14
A. s2 2 2s 2 8 5 0 B. s2 1 2s 2 8 5 0 C. s2 2 6s 1 8 5 0
Algebra 1
148 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice B
9.5 For use with pages 600–607
4. p2 1 10p 1 25 5. m2 2 10m 1 24 6. y 2 2 5y 2 24
7. a2 1 13a 1 36 8. n2 1 2n 2 48 9. z 2 2 14z 1 40
LESSON 9.5
Find the zeros of the polynomial function.
19. f(x) 5 x 2 2 5x 2 36 20. g(x) 5 x 2 1 8x 2 20 21. h(x) 5 x 2 2 11x 1 24
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 149
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LESSON
Practice C
9.5 For use with pages 600–607
4. p2 1 12p 1 20 5. w 2 2 14w 1 45 6. x 2 1 2x 2 24
19. g(x) 5 x 2 2 10x 2 600 20. f (x) 5 x 2 1 16x 1 28 21. f (x) 5 x 2 1 13x 1 40
31. Zoo Exhibit A zoo is building a walkway along two sides of x ft 400 ft
an exhibit. The exhibit is rectangular with a width of 400 feet
and a length of 200 feet. The walkway will have the same
200 ft
Algebra 1
150 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Review for Mastery
9.5 For use with pages 600–607
Solution
Find two positive factors of 24 whose sum is 10. Make an organized list.
24, 1 24 1 1 5 25 ✗
✗
LESSON 9.5
12, 2 12 1 2 5 14
8, 3 8 1 3 5 11 ✗
6, 4 6 1 4 5 10 correct sum
The factors 6 and 4 have a sum of 10, so they are the correct values of p and q.
x2 1 10x 1 24 5 (x 1 6)(x 1 4)
Factor w 2 2 10w 1 9.
Solution
Because b is negative and c is positive, p and q must be negative.
23, 23 23 1 (23) 5 26 ✗
The factors 29 and 21 have a sum of 210, so they are the correct values of p and q.
w2 2 10w 1 9 5 (x 2 9)(x 2 1)
1. x2 1 10x 1 16 2. y 2 1 6y 1 5 3. z2 2 7z 1 12
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 151
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LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
9.5 For use with pages 600–607
Solution
Because c is negative, p and q must have different signs.
27, 1 27 1 1 5 26 ✗
7, 21 7 1 (21) 5 6 correct sum
The factors 7 and 21 have a sum of 6, so they are the correct values of p and q.
LESSON 9.5
k 2 1 6k 2 7 5 (x 1 7)(x 2 1)
5. y 2 1 2y 2 63
6. z 2 2 5z 2 36
Algebra 1
152 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Challenge Practice
9.5 For use with pages 600–607
In Exercises 1–5, use the given factor formula and the substitution method
to factor the expression.
x2 1 (a 1 b)x 1 ab 5 (x 1 a)(x 1 b)
Example: y 1 y1/2 2 6
1. y 2/3 1 6y1/3 1 8
LESSON 9.5
2. y4 2 y 2 2 12
1 8
3. }2 2 } 2 9
y y
} }
4. Ïy 2
5 5
1 16Ï y 1 48
} }
5. Ïy 1 12Ï4 y 1 11
In Exercises 6–10, use substitution to factor, then solve for x.
6. x4 2 3x2 2 4 5 0
7. x4 2 13x2 1 36 5 0
1 1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
8. }2 2 } 2 12 5 0
x x
}
9. x 2 Ï x 2 6 5 0
10. x4 2 16x2 1 48 5 0
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 153
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LESSON
Practice A
9.6 For use with pages 610–617
2. 4x 2 2 7x 2 2 B. (2x 1 1)(2x 2 2)
3. 4x 2 1 7x 2 2 C. (4x 2 1)(x 1 2)
7. 2w 2 1 7w 1 3 8. 3y 2 1 5y 1 2 9. 2b2 1 b 2 1
37. Ball Toss A ball is tossed into the air from a height of 8 feet with an initial
velocity of 8 feet per second. Find the time t (in seconds) it takes for the
object to reach the ground by solving the equation 216t 2 1 8t 1 8 5 0.
38. Wallpaper You trimmed a large strip of wallpaper from a scrap
to fit into the corner of a wall you are wallpapering. You trimmed
15 inches from the length and 6 inches from the width. The area
of the resulting strip of wallpaper is 684 square inches.
a. If the length of the original strip of wallpaper is four times the
original width, write a polynomial that represents the area of (4x 2 15) in.
the trimmed strip of wallpaper. 4x in.
b. What are the dimensions of the original scrap of wallpaper?
(x 2 6) in.
x in.
Algebra 1
154 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice B
9.6 For use with pages 610–617
31. f(x) 5 4x 2 1 29x 1 30 32. f (x) 5 22x 2 2 17x 1 30 33. f (x) 5 10x 2 1 5x 2 5
34. Summer Business Your weekly revenue R (in dollars) from your tie-dye T-shirt
business can be modeled by
LESSON 9.6
R 5 22t 2 1 87t 1 90
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
where t represents the number of weeks since the first week you started selling
T-shirts. How much did you make your first week?
35. Cliff Diving A cliff diver jumps from a ledge 96 feet above the ocean with an initial
upward velocity of 16 feet per second. How long will it take until the diver enters
the water?
36. Wall Mirror You plan on making a wall hanging that contains two 2 in.
small mirrors as shown. 2 in.
2x in.
x in.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 155
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LESSON
Practice C
9.6 For use with pages 610–617
19. g(x) 5 236x 2 2 30x 2 6 20. f (x) 5 12x 2 1 8x 2 15 21. g(x) 5 21x 2 1 14x 2 7
25. 20.5x2 1 1.2x 5 0.4 26. 1.2(p2 1 1) 5 2.5p 27. 20.36n2 1 0.6n 2 0.25 5 0
28. Baseball A baseball player releases a baseball at a height of 7 feet with an initial
velocity of 54 feet per second. How long will it take the ball to reach the ground?
LESSON 9.6
29. Rocket Launch A miniature rocket is launched off a roof 20 feet above the ground
Algebra 1
156 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Review for Mastery
9.6 For use with pages 610–617
Solution
Because b is negative and c is positive, both factors of c must be negative. Make a
table to organize your work.
You must consider the order of the factors of 7, because the x-terms of the possible
factorization are different.
LESSON 9.6
Solution
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 157
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
9.6 For use with pages 610–617
Solution
4. 23r 2 2 7r 2 4
6. 28t2 1 6t 2 1
Algebra 1
158 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Problem Solving Workshop:
9.6
Using Alternative Methods
For use with pages 6102617
PROBLEM Discus An athlete throws a discus from an initial height of 6 feet and with an initial
vertical velocity of 46 feet per second. Write an equation that gives the height
(in feet) of the discus as a function of the time (in seconds) since it left the athlete’s
hand. After how many seconds does the discus hit the ground?
METHOD Using a Graph You can solve the problem by using a graph.
STEP 1 Use the vertical motion model to write an equation for the height h (in feet) of
the discus. In this case, v 5 46 and s 5 6.
h 5 216t 2 1 vt 1 s Vertical motion model
h 5 216t 2 1 46t 1 6 Substitute 46 for v and 6 for s.
STEP 2 Graph the equation for the height of the discus
using a graphing calculator. Graph
y1 5 216x 2 1 46x 1 6. Because you are
looking for when the discus hits the ground,
you need to find the time when the height is 0. Zero
X=3 Y=0
LESSON 9.6
STEP 3 Find the zeros of the graph by using the zero feature on your calculator. You only
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
need to consider positive values of x because a negative solution does not make
sense in this situation. There is a zero at (3, 0). The discus hits the ground after
3 seconds.
PRACTICE 1. Cliff Diving A cliff diver jumps from 3. Tennis A tennis ball is hit when it is
a ledge 88 feet above the ocean with an 6 feet off the ground with an initial
initial upward velocity of 12 feet per upward velocity of 20 feet per second.
second. How long will it take until the How long does it take for the tennis ball
diver enters the water? to hit the ground?
2. Error Analysis Describe and correct 4. Football You throw a football from a
the error made in Exercise 1. height of 6 feet into the air with an
initial vertical velocity of 12 feet per
216t2 2 12t 1 88 5 0
second. The football is caught at a
24(4t2 1 3t 2 22) 5 0 height of 2 feet. After how many
24(4t 1 11)(t 2 2) 5 0 seconds is the football caught?
The cliff diver enters the water after 5. What If? Suppose in Exercise 4 the
2 seconds. football is thrown with an initial vertical
velocity of 30 feet per second. After how
many seconds is the football caught?
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 159
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LESSON
Challenge Practice
9.6 For use with pages 610–617
1. 4y2/3 1 12y1/3 1 5
2. 8y4 2 10y2 2 3
9 12
3. }2 2 } 2 5
y y
}
3 3}
4. 7Ï y2 1 36Ï y 1 5
} }
4
5. 28Ï y 1 8Ï y 1 6
In Exercises 6 –10, use substitution to factor, then solve for x.
6. 6x6 1 x3 2 2 5 0
7. 9x4 2 12x2 2 5 5 0
5 28
8. }2 1 } 1 15 5 0
x x
LESSON 9.6
}
9. 3x 2 Ï x 2 14 5 0
Algebra 1
160 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice A
9.7 For use with pages 6182623
7. p2 2 225 8. 4y 2 2 1 9. 16n2 2 25
38. Cherry Tree A cherry falls from a tree branch that is 9 feet above the ground.
LESSON 9.7
a. How far above the ground is the cherry after 0.2 second?
b. After how many seconds does the cherry reach the ground?
39. Wind Chime A wind chime falls from a roof that is 10 feet above the ground.
a. How far above the ground is the wind chime after 0.5 second?
b. After how many seconds does the wind chime reach the ground?
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 161
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LESSON
Practice B
9.7 For use with pages 6182623
10. 16n2 2 56n 1 49 11. 218a2 2 12a 2 2 12. 20z 2 2 140z 1 245
19. 25x 2 1 125 5 0 20. 27r 2 1 140r 2 700 5 0 21. 24w 2 2 24w 1 6 5 0
25 9 9
22. 18n2 1 60n 1 50 5 0 23. } x 2 1 15x 1 } 5 0 24. 4x 2 5 }
2 2 16
(x 1 4) cm
(4x 1 3) in.
Algebra 1
162 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice C
9.7 For use with pages 6182623
16. 3w 2 2 60w 1 300 5 0 17. 36x 2 2 132x 1 121 5 0 18. 225a 2 2 120a 1 16 5 0
31. Squirrel A squirrel jumps straight up with an initial vertical velocity of 16 feet
per second. How many times does the squirrel reach a height of 4 feet? Explain
your answer.
32. Foot Bridge A foot bridge that spans a small creek can be
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
4
d. At approximately what distance from the left end
3
does the bridge reach a height of 6 feet? Check
2
your answer algebraically. 1
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 x
Distance from left end (feet)
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 163
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LESSON
Review for Mastery
9.7 For use with pages 6182623
Vocabulary
The pattern for finding the square of a binomial gives you the pattern
for factoring trinomials of the form a2 1 2ab 1 b2 and a 2 2 2ab 1 b2.
These are called perfect square trinomials.
2. 9n2 2 64
3. 3y2 2 147z 2
LESSON 9.7
Algebra 1
164 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
9.7 For use with pages 618–623
Solution
q2 2 100 5 0 Write original equation.
q2 2 102 5 0 Write left side as a2 2 b2.
(q 1 10)(q 2 10) 5 0 Difference of two squares pattern
q 1 10 5 0 or q 2 10 5 0 Zero-product property
q 5 210 or q 5 10 Solve for q.
The roots of the equation are 210 and 10.
LESSON 9.7
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 165
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LESSON
Challenge Practice
9.7 For use with pages 618–623
16 56
9. }2 1 } 1 49 5 0
Algebra 1
166 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice A
9.8 For use with pages 6242631
LESSON 9.8
1. 2x(x 1 5) 2 (x 1 5) 2. 2x(x 1 5) 1 (x 1 5) 3. 2x(x 2 5) 2 (x 2 5)
34. Metal Plate You have a metal plate that you have drilled a
hole into. The entire area enclosed by the metal plate is given
by 5x 2 1 12x 1 10 and the area of the hole is given by x 2 1 2.
Write an expression for the area in factored form of the plate
that is left after the hole is drilled.
35. Storage Container A plastic storage container in the shape of a cylinder has a
height of 8 inches and a volume of 72π cubic inches.
a. Write an equation for the volume of the storage container.
b. What is the radius of the storage container?
36. Tennis Ball For a science experiment, you toss a tennis ball from a height of 32 feet
with an initial upward velocity of 16 feet per second. How long will it take the tennis
ball to reach the ground?
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 167
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LESSON
Practice B
9.8 For use with pages 6242631
33. Badminton You hit a badminton birdie upward with a racket from a height
of 4 feet with an initial velocity of 12 feet per second.
a. Write an equation that models this situation.
b. How high is the birdie at 0.1 second?
c. How high is the birdie at 0.25 second?
d. How long will it take the birdie to reach the ground?
Algebra 1
168 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice C
9.8 For use with pages 6242631
LESSON 9.8
1. 13a 2 26a 2 2. 30xy 2 45x 2 3. 22m2 2 16m 2 14
19. 48p2 2 675 5 0 20. 14x 3 2 68x 2 2 10x 5 0 21. 23n4 2 36n3 2 108n2 5 0
22. 20t 4 1 28t 3 5 24t 2 23. 64t 5 12t 2 1 45 24. 900x 2 5 625
28. 75a3 1 90a2 1 27a 5 0 29. 2p2 5 12p 1 54 30. 81x 3 5 100x
31. Use factoring by grouping to show that a trinomial of the form a2 2 2ab 1 b2 can be
factored as (a 2 b)2. Justify your steps.
32. Work Bench You are drilling holes into your work bench
that will hold caddies for some of your gardening equipment.
The area of the entire work bench before the holes are drilled
is given by 24x 2 1 5x. The area of one hole is given by
3x 2 1 x 1 3. Write an expression for the area in factored form
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
of the work bench that is left after the holes are drilled.
33. Poster Tube A poster tube in the shape of a cylinder has a height of 2 feet and
1
a volume of }2 π cubic feet.
a. Write an equation for the volume of the poster tube.
b. What is the radius of the poster tube?
16
34. Moon On the moon, the vertical motion model is given by h 5 2} t 2 1 vt 1 s
6
where h is the height (in feet), v is the initial velocity (in feet per second), t is
the time (in seconds), and s is the initial height (in feet). On the moon, an astronaut
2
tosses a baseball from a height of 64 feet with an initial upward velocity of 23 }3 feet
per second. How long does it take the ball to reach the ground?
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 169
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LESSON
Review for Mastery
9.8 For use with pages 624– 631
Vocabulary
Factoring a common monomial from pairs of terms, then looking for a
common binomial factor is called factor by grouping.
A polynomial of two or more terms is prime if it cannot be written
as the product of polynomials of lesser degree using only integer
coefficients and constants, and if the only common factors of its
terms are 1 and –1.
A polynomial is factored completely if it is written as a monomial or
as the product of a monomial (possibly 1 or 21) and one or more
prime polynomials.
Solution
a. 5x2(x 2 2) 2 3(x 2 2) 5 (x 2 2)(5x2 2 3)
Solution
a. m3 1 7m2 2 2m 2 14 5 (m3 1 7m2) 1 (22m 2 14) Group terms.
5 (m 1 7) 2 2(m 1 7)
m2 Factor each group.
5 (m 1 7)(m2 2 2) Distributive property
b. n3 1 30 1 6n2 1 5n 5 n3 1 6n2 1 5n 1 30 Rearrange terms.
5 (n 1 6n ) 1 (5n 1 30)
3 2
Group terms.
5 n2(n 1 6) 1 5(n 1 6) Factor each group.
5 (n 1 6)(n2 1 5) Distributive property
Algebra 1
170 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
9.8 For use with pages 624–631
LESSON 9.8
Factor the expression.
1. 11x(x 2 8) 1 3(x 2 8)
2. 9x3 1 9x2 2 7x 2 7
Solution
7x3 1 14x2 5 105x Write original equation.
7x3 1 14x2 2 105x 5 0 Subtract 105x from each side.
2
7x(x 1 2x 2 15) 5 0 Factor out 7x.
7x(x 1 5)(x 2 3) 5 0 Factor the trinomial.
7x 5 0 or x1550 or x2350 Zero-product property
x50 or x 5 25 or x53 Solve for x.
The roots of the equation are 0, 25, and 3.
4. 2c 3 1 8c 2 2 42c 5 0
6. 5r 3 1 15r 5 20r 2
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 171
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LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
9.5–9.8
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 6002631
LESSON 9.8
1. Multi-Step Problem The length of a box 5. Extended Response You hit a baseball
is 12 inches more than its height. The width straight up into the air. The baseball is hit
of the box is 3 inches less than its height. with an initial vertical velocity of 60 feet per
second when it is 4 feet off the ground.
a. Draw a diagram of the box. Label its
dimensions in terms of the height h. a. Write an equation that gives the height
b. Write a polynomial that represents the (in feet) of the baseball as a function
volume of the box. of the time (in seconds) since it
was hit.
c. The box has a volume of 324 cubic
inches. What are the length, width, b. After how many seconds does the ball
and height of the box? reach a height of 54 feet?
c. Does the ball reach a height of 54 feet
2. Open-Ended Describe a situation that can
more than once? Justify your answer.
be modeled using the vertical motion model
h 5 216t2 1 24t. Then find the value of t 6. Gridded Response While standing on a
when h 5 0. Explain what this value of t ladder, you drop a paintbrush from a height
means in this situation. of 9 feet. After how many seconds does the
paintbrush land on the ground?
3. Multi-Step Problem A block of wood
has the dimensions shown. 7. Extended Response You want to make
a box with no lid out of a 9 inch by 13 inch
piece of cardboard. You cut out squares of
the same size from each corner. Then you
x in. fold up the sides and tape them together.
x in.
(x 2 5) in.
(x 1 3) in. x in.
Algebra 1
172 Chapter 9 Resource Book
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LESSON
Challenge Practice
9.8 For use with pages 624–631
LESSON 9.8
1. 8(y 1 3)3 1 22(y 1 3)2 1 15(y 1 3)
2. (y 2 1)4 2 16
3. (9x2 2 12x 1 4) 2 9
5. 2y5 2 32y
6. (x 1 3)2 1 3(x 1 3) 5 10
7. x5 5 81x
9. 2x2 2 5x 1 30 5 12x
1 6 9
10. }3 2 }2 52}
x x x
A roller coaster has a velocity v (in miles per hours) described by the polynomial
v(t) 5 210t 4 1 100t 2 2 90 for times from t 5 1 to t 5 3 minutes.
11. Find the velocity of the roller coaster when t 5 2 minutes.
12. For what times on the interval from t 5 1 to t 5 3 minutes does the roller coaster
have a velocity of 0?
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book 173
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Chapter Review Game
9 For use after Chapter 9
Crossword Puzzle
Use the clues at the bottom of the page to fill in the correct vocabulary
word from Chapter 9 in the crossword puzzle.
2 3
6 7
9 10
11 12
13
14
13. Sum of the exponents of the variables 10. A polynomial that cannot be factored
in a monomial using integer coefficients
14. An object propelled into the air but has 12. The height of a projectile can be described
no power to keep itself in the air by the _______ motion model.
Algebra 1
174 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter
10 For use with Chapter 10
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Chapter Overview One way you can help your student succeed in Chapter 10
is by discussing the lesson goals in the chart below. When a lesson is completed, ask your
student the following questions. “What were the goals of the lesson? What new words and
formulas did you learn? How can you apply the ideas of the lesson to your life?”
mula.
• Cell Phones
10.7: Interpret the Discriminant Use the value of the • Fountains • Biology
discriminant. • Food
10.8: Compare Linear, Compare linear, exponen- • Cycling
Exponential, and tial, and quadratic models. • Lizards
Quadratic Models
• Nautilus
In Chapter 10, you will apply the key ideas listed in the Chapter Opener
(see page 647) and reviewed in the Chapter Summary (see page 718).
1. Graphing quadratic functions
2. Solving quadratic functions
3. Comparing linear, exponential, and quadratic models
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 175
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter continued
10 For use with Chapter 10
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Key Ideas Your student can demonstrate understanding of key concepts by working
through the following exercises with you.
Lesson Exercise
10.1 1
What is the vertex of the graph of the function y 5 2}2 x 2 1 5?
10.2 Find the axis of symmetry and the vertex of the graph of the function
y 5 22x 2 1 6x 2 4.
Focus on Graph y 5 2(x 1 1)(x 2 3). Label the vertex, axis of symmetry, and x-intercepts.
Functions
10.4 Solve the equation 2x 2 2 25 5 103 by using square roots. Round your solution to
the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
10.5 Solve the equation x 2 1 16x 1 20 5 0 by completing the square. Round your
solution to the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
Focus on Write y 5 x 2 2 14x 1 48 in vertex form. Then graph the function. Label the vertex
Functions and axis of symmetry.
10.6 Use the quadratic formula to solve the equation 5x 2 1 12x 1 4 5 0.
10.7 Tell whether the equation 8x 2 2 8x 5 22 has two, one, or no solution.
10.8 Tell whether the table of values represents x 23 22 21 0 1 2
a linear function, an exponential function,
Directions Write a function that gives the surface area (in square feet) of a room
in your home. Investigate how much it would cost to paint five of the surfaces and
carpet (or tile) the sixth. (Remember to subtract the area of doors and windows.)
X
10.6: 22 and 2}5 10.7: one solution 10.8: quadratic; y 5 (x 1 1)2 X
Y
Functions:
2
x 1 O
(3, 0) 1
( 1, 0) 10.3: 2, 24 10.4: 8, 8 10.5: 21.37 and 214.63 Focus on
1 x
(1, 4)
10.1: (0, 5) 10.2: axis of symmetry: x 5 }2; vertex: 1 }2, }2 2 Focus on Functions:
y 3 1 3
Answers
Algebra 1
176 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia
10 Usar con el Capítulo 10
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Vistazo al capítulo Una manera en que puede ayudar a su hijo a tener éxito en el Capítulo
10 es hablar sobre los objetivos de la lección en la tabla a continuación. Cuando se termina una
lección, pregúntele a su hijo lo siguiente: “¿Cuáles fueron los objetivos de la lección? ¿Qué
palabras y fórmulas nuevas aprendiste? ¿Cómo puedes aplicar a tu vida las ideas de la lección?”
En el Capítulo 10, aplicarás las ideas clave enumeradas en la Presentación del capítulo
(ver la página 647) y revisadas en el Resumen del capítulo (ver la página 718).
1. Graficar funciones cuadráticas
2. Resolver funciones cuadráticas
3. Comparar modelos lineales, exponenciales y cuadráticos
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 177
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia continúa
10 Usar con el Capítulo 10
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Ideas clave Su hijo puede demostrar la comprensión de las ideas clave al hacer los
siguientes ejercicios con usted.
Lección Ejercicio
10.1 1
¿Qué es el vértice de la gráfica de la función y 5 2}2 x 2 1 5?
Enfoque en Grafica y 5 2(x 1 1)(x 2 3). Rotula el vértice, el eje de simetría y los interceptos
las funciones en x.
X
10.8: cuadrática; y 5 (x 1 1)2
10.6: 22 y 2}5 10.7: una solución X
Y
Enfoque en las funciones:
2
x 1 O
(3, 0) ( 1, 0)
1 x
1 10.3: 2, 24 10.4: 8, 8 10.5: 21.37 y 214.63
(1, 4) y
10.1: (0, 5) 10.2: eje de simetría: x 5 }2 ; vértice: 1 }2 , }2 2 Enfoque en las funciones:
3 1 3
Respuestas
Algebra 1
178 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
x 22 21 0 1 2 x 22 21 0 1 2
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
3. y 5 x 2 1 6 4. y 5 x 2 2 8
x 22 21 0 1 2 x 22 21 0 1 2
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
LESSON 10.1
Match the function with its graph.
1 1
5. y 5 2} x 2 6. y 5 2x 2 7. y 5 } x 2
2 4
A. y B. y C. y
3 3 1
23 3 x
1 1 21
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 23
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
with the graph of y 5 x 2.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
1
8. y 5 5x 2 9. y 5 2} x 2 10. y 5 26x 2
3
y y y
5
23 21 1 3 x
1 21
3
23 21 1 3 x
21 23
1
23 25
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 1 3 x
6 23
23 21 1 3 x
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 179
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
A. y B. y C. y
1 3
23 1 3 x
21 1 1
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
with the graph of y 5 x 2.
LESSON 10.1
y y y
1 10 3
23 21 1 3 x
21 6 1
23 21 1 3 x
23 2 21
23 21 1 3 x
25 22 23
Algebra 1
180 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
x 22 21 0 1 2 x 22 21 0 1 2
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
5 1
3. y 5 } x 2 1 1 4. y 5 2} x 2 2 2
2 8
x 24 22 0 2 4 x 216 28 0 8 16
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
LESSON 10.1
5. y 5 24x 2 1 3 6. y 5 6x 2 2 5
x 22 21 0 1 2 x 22 21 0 1 2
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
21 1 x
21
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
3 1
23 3 x
1 21
25
23 21 1 3 x
D. y E. y F. y
1
21 1 x
21 1
3
23 3 x
23
1
25 23
23 21 1 3 x
Describe how you can use the graph of y 5 x 2 to graph the given function.
13. y 5 x 2 2 8 14. y 5 2x 2 1 4 15. y 5 2x 2 1 3
1 3
16. y 5 25x 2 1 1 17. y 5 } x 2 2 2 18. y 5 2} x 2 1 5
2 4
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 181
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
with the graph of y 5 x 2.
1 3
19. y 5 x 2 1 9 20. y 5 2} x 2 21. y 5 2} x 2
5 2
y y y
3 3
1 1
23 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
3 21
29 23 3 9 x
23 23 23
y y y
1 9 3
23 21 1 3 x
21 3
29 23 3 9 x 23 21 1 3 x
25 29
25. Serving Plate The top view of a freeform serving plate you made in y
a ceramics class is shown in the graph. One edge of the plate can be
5
modeled by the graph of the function y 5 2}
81
x 2 1 20 where x and y 12
Algebra 1
182 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
x 22 21 0 1 2 x 22 21 0 1 2
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
with the graph of y 5 x 2.
1 7
3. y 5 } x 2 1 2 4. y 5 24x 2 2 3 5. y 5 9x 2 2 }
6 2
y y y
LESSON 10.1
3 2
6
23 21 1 3 x
1 22
2
23 21 1 3 x
21 26
23 21 1 3 x
22
23 210
3 1 1 3
6. y 5 } x 2 1 } 7. y 5 2} x 2 1 4 8. y 5 6x 2 1 }
5 5 2 4
y y y
5 30
3
3 18
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
1
1 6
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 26
2 1
9. y 5 4x 2 2 } 10. y 5 22x 2 2 } 11. y 5 25x 2 1 15
3 2
y y y
15 2 15
23 21 1 3 x
9 22 5
23 21 1 3 x
3 26 25
23 21 1 3 x
23 210 215
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 183
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
Tell how you can obtain the graph of g from the graph of f by
using transformations.
1
12. f(x) 5 x 2 1 6 13. f (x) 5 2x 2 1 14 14. f (x) 5 2} x 2 2 3
2
g(x) 5 x 2 2 2 g(x) 5 2x 2 1 9 1
g(x) 5 2}2 x 2 2 7
Write a function of the form y 5 ax 2 1 c whose graph passes through the two
given points. Then graph the function.
LESSON 10.1
18. (0, 6), (2, 10) 19. (0, 1), (21, 0) 20. (0, 24), (23, 5)
y y y
6
10 1
2
23 21 1 3 x
6 21
23 21 1 3 x
22
2 23
26
23 21 1 3 x
100,000
d is the diameter (in inches) of the rope. 80,000
Height (feet)
Algebra 1
184 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
Vocabulary
A quadratic function is a nonlinear function that can be written in the
standard form y 5 ax 2 1 bx 1 c where a Þ 0.
Every quadratic function has a U-shaped graph called a parabola.
The most basic quadratic function in the family of quadratic functions,
called the parent quadratic function, is y 5 x 2.
The lowest or highest point on a parabola is the vertex.
The line that passes through the vertex and divides the parabola into
two symmetric parts is called the axis of symmetry.
LESSON 10.1
EXAMPLE 1 Graph y 5 ax 2 when a > 1
Graph y 5 26x 2. Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 x 2.
Solution
y
STEP 1 Make a table of values for y 5 26x 2.
y 5 x2
9
x 22 21 0 1 2
3
y 224 26 0 26 224
23 21 1 3 x
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 185
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
Both graphs have the same vertex, (0, 0), and the same axis of symmetry,
2
x 5 0. Both graphs open upward. However, the graph of y 5 }5 x 2 is wider
than the graph of y 5 x 2.
2 2
This is because the graph of y 5 }5 x 2 is a vertical shrink 1 by a factor of }5 2
of the graph of y 5 x 2.
EXAMPLE 3 Graph y 5 ax 2 1 c
Graph y 5 3x 2 2 1. Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 x 2.
LESSON
Challenge Practice
10.1 For use with pages 6482654
LESSON 10.1
Einstein’s famous formula E 5 mc 2 relates mass m (in kilograms) to the energy E
(in joules) contained within the mass. The constant c is equal to the speed of light in a
vacuum (in meters per second), c ø 3.1 3 108 meters per second.
6. What is the mass (in kilograms) of an object containing 9.61 3 1016 joules
of energy?
7. The average automobile uses 5 3 1010 joules of energy per year. What is the mass
represented by this energy?
8. Suppose Einstein’s formula holds true in an alternate universe where the speed of
light is not the same as in our universe. If an experiment is conducted in which
1 kilogram of mass is equivalent to 1 3 1020 joules of energy, then what is the speed
of light in the alternate universe?
9. The average home uses 1 3 108 joules of energy per year. What is the mass
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 187
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Activity Support Master
10.2 For use with pages 655–656
y 5 2x2 0 0 x50
y 5 2x2 2 4x 0 0, 2 x51
y 5 2x2 2 4x 0 0, 2 x51
Algebra 1
188 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
1
4. y 5 23x 2 1 9x 1 4 5. y 5 } x 2 2 x 2 5 6. y 5 2x 2 1 7x 2 6
2
Tell whether the graph opens upward or downward. Then find the axis of
symmetry of the graph of the function.
7. y 5 x 2 1 6 8. y 5 2x 2 2 1 9. y 5 x 2 1 6x 1 1
x 1 2 3 4 5 x 4 5 6 7 8
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
LESSON 10.2
27. y 5 7x 2 1 14x 1 2 28. y 5 22x 2 2 4x 1 1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
x 23 22 21 0 1 x 23 22 21 0 1
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
A. y B. y C. y
4
25 23 21 1 x
220 24 4 x
1
27
23 21 1 3 x
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 189
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
y y y
2 7
10
23 21 1 3 x
22 5
6
26 3
2
210 1
23 21 1 3 x
22
25 23 21 1 3 x
y y y
7
22 2 6 10 x 23 21 1 3 x
22 21
5
26 23
3
210 25
1
214 27
25 23 21 1 x
6
h
2 6 10 14 x
Algebra 1
190 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
Tell whether the graph opens upward or downward. Then find the axis of
symmetry and vertex of the graph of the function.
7. y 5 x 2 2 5 8. y 5 2x 2 1 9 9. y 5 22x 2 1 6x 1 7
1 1
13. y 5 } x 2 1 5x 2 4 14. y 5 2} x 2 2 24 15. y 5 23x 2 1 9x 2 8
2 4
Find the vertex of the graph of the function. Make a table of values using
x-values to the left and right of the vertex.
19. y 5 x 2 2 10x 1 3 20. y 5 2x 2 1 6x 2 2
x ? ? ? ? ? x ? ? ? ? ?
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
1 1
21. y 5 } x 2 2 x 1 7 22. y 5 } x 2 2 2x 1 3
2 3
LESSON 10.2
x ? ? ? ? ? x ? ? ? ? ?
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
y y y
5 5 3
215 25 5 15 x
25 1
23 21 1 3 x
1
23 21 1 3 x
21
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 191
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
210
1 1 3
29. y 5 2} x 2 2 8x 1 3 30. y 5 } x 2 1 3x 2 1 31. y 5 2} x 2 2 2x 1 2
2 4 4
y y y
2
210 22 x
1
10
25 x
21
230 10 x
210 23
35. Storage Building The storage building shown can be modeled by the graph of the
10
6 h
2 6 10 14 18 x
Algebra 1
192 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
Tell whether the graph opens upward or downward. Then find the axis of
symmetry and vertex of the graph of the function.
5
1. y 5 23x 2 1 3x 1 5 2. y 5 } x 2 2 2x 1 1 3. y 5 8x 2 2 2x 1 3
2
2
4. y 5 29x 2 1 9x 5. y 5 } x 2 2 9 6. y 5 25x 2 1 2x 2 3
3
1 1
7. y 5 } x 2 2 2x 8. y 5 2} x 2 1 7 9. y 5 26x 2 1 12x 1 5
8 5
Find the vertex of the graph of the function. Make a table of values using
x-values to the left and right of the vertex.
1 5
13. y 5 } x 2 2 2x 1 5 14. y 5 2} x 2 1 10x 2 1
4 2
x ? ? ? ? ? x ? ? ? ? ?
y ? ? ? ? ? y ? ? ? ? ?
y y y
LESSON 10.2
5 14
3
215 25 5 15 x
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
25 10
1
215 6
23 21 1 3 x
21
225 2
23
26 22 2 6 x
y y y
15 5 20
5 3 12
215 25 5 15 x
25 1 4
23 21 1 3 x 212 24 4 12 x
215 21 24
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 193
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
7 1
21. y 5 2} x 2 1 21x 2 5 22. y 5 } x 2 2 2x 1 10 23. y 5 6x 2 2 12x 1 13
2 4
y y y
14 14
30
10 10
18
6 6
6
2 2
218 26 6 18 x
26
26 22 2 6 10 x 26 22 2 6 x
5 7 2
24. y 5 } x 2 2 15x 1 2 25. y 5 } x 2 1 35x 2 4 26. y 5 2} x 2 2 20x 1 5
3 4 5
y y y
6 30 250
26 22 2 6 10 x 215 25 5 15 x
26 230 150
218 290 50
3 5
27. f(x) 5 9x 2 2 36 28. f (x) 5 2} x 2 1 18x 2 7 29. f (x) 5 } x 2 2 10x 1 3
4 4
Algebra 1
194 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
Vocabulary
For y 5 ax 2 1 bx 1 c, the y-coordinate of the vertex is the minimum
value of the function if a > 0 and the maximum value of the function
if a < 0.
Solution
b (218)
x 5 2}
2a
5 2}
2(3)
53 Substitute 3 for a and 218 for b.
Then simplify.
The axis of symmetry is x 5 3.
b
b. The x-coordinate of the vertex is 2}, or 3. To find the y-coordinate,
2a
substitute 3 for x in the function and find y.
LESSON 10.2
y 5 3(3)2 218(3) 1 11 5 216 Substitute 3 for x. Then simplify.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Solution
Because a 5 1 and 1 > 0, the parabola opens up and the function has a minimum
value. To find the minimum value, find the vertex.
b 14 b
x 5 2}
2a
5 2}
2(1)
5 27 The x-coordinate is 2}
2a
.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 195
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
EXAMPLE 3 Graph y 5 ax 2 1 bx 1 c
1 2
Graph y 5 } x 2 2x 1 3.
5
Solution
b
The x-coordinate of the vertex is 2}
2a
,
LESSON 10.2
(0, 3) (10, 3)
or 5. To find the y-coordinate, substitute
5 for x in the function and simplify. (1, 1.2) (9, 1.2)
x 0 1
y 3 1.2
Algebra 1
196 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Problem Solving Workshop:
10.2
Worked Out Example
For use with pages 657–662
PROBLEM Basketball You throw a basketball whose path can be modeled by the graph of
y 5 216x 2 1 19x 1 6 where x is the time (in seconds) and y is the height (in feet) of
the basketball. What is the maximum height of the basketball?
STEP 1 Read and Understand
What do you know?
The equation that models the path of a basketball
What do you want to find out?
The maximum height of the basketball
STEP 2 Make a Plan Use what you know to find the vertex of the parabola.
STEP 3 Solve the Problem The highest point of the basketball is at the vertex of the
parabola. Find the x-coordinate of the vertex. Use a 5 216 and b 5 19.
b 19
x 5 2}
2a
5 2}
2(216)
ø 0.59 Use a calculator.
Substitute 0.59 for x in the equation to find the y-coordinate of the vertex.
y ø 216(0.59)2 1 19(0.59) 1 6 ø 11.64
The basketball reaches a maximum height of about 11.64 feet.
STEP 4 Look Back By graphing the function, it y
appears that the maximum occurs after 12
about 0.6 second and at a height between
Height (feet)
10
LESSON 10.2
11 and 12 feet. The answer seems reasonable. 8
6
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
4
2
0
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 x
Time (seconds)
PRACTICE 1. Suspension Bridges The cables 3. Tunnel The shape of a tunnel for cars
between the two towers of the Golden can be modeled by the graph of the
Gate Bridge in California form a equation y 5 20.5x 2 1 4x where x and
parabola that can be modeled by the y are measured in feet. On a coordinate
graph of y 5 0.00012x 2 2 0.505x 1 746 plane, the ground is represented by
where x and y are measured in feet. What the x-axis. How wide is the tunnel at
is the height of the cable above the water its base?
at its lowest point?
4. Sprinkler A sprinkler ejects water at an
2. Baseball You hit a baseball whose path angle of 35° with the ground. The path
can be modeled by the graph of of the water can be modeled by the
y 5 216x 2 1 40x 1 3 where x is the equation y 5 20.06x2 1 0.7x 1 0.5
time (in seconds) since the ball was where x and y are measured in feet.
hit and y is the height (in feet) of the What is the maximum height of
baseball. What is the maximum height the water?
of the baseball?
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 197
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
10.2 For use with pages 657–662
3 5
7. f(x) has an axis of symmetry at x 5 }, x-intercepts at x 5 21 and x 5 },
4 2
and a y-intercept at y 5 5.
5 7
8. f(x) has an axis of symmetry at x 5 2} , x-intercepts at x 5 2} and x 5 1,
4 2
and a y-intercept at y 5 27.
5 1 1
9. f(x) has an axis of symmetry at x 5 }, x-intercepts at x 5 } and x 5 },
12 3 2
LESSON 10.2
Algebra 1
198 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Practice
10.2 For use with pages 663–664
Graph the quadratic function. Label the vertex, axis of symmetry, and
x-intercepts. Identify the domain and range of the function.
1. y 5 (x 1 2)(x 2 4) 2. y 5 2(x 1 1)(x 2 3) 3. y 5 2(x 1 5)(x 1 1)
Y Y Y
/ X / X
/ X
Y Y Y
/ X
/ X
/ X
Y Y Y
FOCUS ON 10.2
/ X
/ X
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
/ X
11. Challenge A baseball is thrown into the air. The path of a baseball is parabolic.
The ball reaches a height of 25 feet before it starts to descend and lands 50 feet
from the point where it was thrown. What is the equation, in intercept form, which
models the path of the baseball? Assume the baseball was thrown at (0, 0).
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 199
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery
10.2 For use with pages 663–664
Vocabulary
The intercept form of a quadratic function is y 5 a(x 2 p)(x 2 q)
where a Þ 0 and p and q are the x-intercepts. The axis of symmetry is
halfway between (p, 0) and (q, 0). The parabola opens up if a . 0 and
opens down if a , 0.
Solution
STEP 4 Draw a parabola through the vertex and the points where
the x-intercepts occur.
Algebra 1
200 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery continued
10.2 For use with pages 663–664
Solution
p1q 21 1 1
x5}
2
5}
2
50
/ X
FOCUS ON 10.2
STEP 4 Find and plot the vertex.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 201
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Graphing Calculator Activity Keystrokes
10.3 For use with pages 672 and 673
EXIT F6 SHIFT F5 F2
(�) 4 ENTER 1 ENTER (�) 1 ENTER
Example 2 Example 2
From the main menu, choose GRAPH.
Y= CLEAR 3 X,T,�,n x2 � 2
3 X,,T x2 � 2 X,,T � 4 EXE
X,T,�,n � 4 WINDOW (�) 5
SHIFT F3 (�) 5 EXE 5 EXE 1
ENTER 5 ENTER 1 ENTER (�) 10
EXE (�) 10 EXE 10 EXE 1 EXE
ENTER 10 ENTER 1 2nd [CALC] 2
EXIT F6 SHIFT F5 F1
(�) 2 ENTER (�) 1 ENTER (�) 1.5
ENTER 2nd [CALC] 2 0 ENTER 2
ENTER .5 ENTER
Algebra 1
202 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
1
4. x 2 5 6 2 10x 5. 14 2 x 2 5 3x 6. } x 2 5 23x 2 7
2
y y y
5
3
3
3
1
25 1 x
1 21
23 21 1 3 x
23 21 1 3 x
y y y
1
4 2
23 21 1 3 x
21
12 x x
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
212 26 22
22
26
25
y y y
LESSON 10.3
15 5 6
9 3 2
26 22 2 x
3 1 22
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 203
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
y y y
3 3
3
29 23 3 9 x 23 21 1 3 x
23 23
1
29 29
23 21 1 x
21
215 215
y y y
5 9 3
215 25 5 15 x
25 3 1
29 23 3 9 x 23 21 1 3 x
215 23 21
225 29 23
y y y
4 50
22 2 6 10 x
212
22 2 6 x
24 30
236
31. Plate Cover A plate cover made of netting has a cross section
y
in the shape of a parabola. The cross section can be modeled by 12
Height (inches)
Algebra 1
204 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
4. x 2 1 3x 2 4 5 0; 1 5. 2x 2 1 9x 2 5 5 0; 22 6. 3x 2 2 5x 2 2 5 0; 2
26 22 2 x
12 26
218
6
212 24 4 x
24
218 18 x
6 6
2 2
225
210 26 22 2 x 26 22 2 6 x
1 6
23 3 x
2
22 2 x
22
22 6 x
23 22
y y y
5 10 3
25 5 15 x 29 23 9 x
25 6 23
215 2 29
26 22 2 6 x
225 22 215
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 205
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
y y y
2
218 26 6 18 x
30 212
26 22 2 6 x
22
210
218 26 6 18 x
y y y
10 3
26 22 2 6 x
22
22 2 6 x
210
23 3 x
230 21
23
25. Stunt Double A movie stunt double jumps from the top of a
h
building 50 feet above the ground onto a pad on the ground 50
Height (feet)
a. Write and graph a function that models the height h (in feet) 1.0
0.8
of the paper t seconds after it is thrown.
0.6
b. If you miss the wastebasket and the paper hits the floor, how 0.4
LESSON 10.3
long does it take for the ball of paper to reach the floor? 0.2
c. If the ball of paper hits the rim of the wastebasket one-half 0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 t
foot above the ground, how long was the ball in the air? Time (seconds)
Algebra 1
206 Chapter 10 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice C
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
y y y
6 5
1
210 26 22 x
2 25
23 21 1 3 x
21
26 22 2 6 x
22 215
23
26 225
4. 2x 2 1 6x 1 16 5 0 5. x 2 1 10x 1 25 5 0 6. x 2 1 8x 1 15 5 0
y y y
25 15
20
15 9
12
5 3
4
215 25 5 15 x 25 23 21 x
25 23
22 2 6 x
7. x 2 1 2 5 0 8. x 2 5 4x 1 12 9. 2x 2 1 25 5 0
y y y
3 25
4
1 15
26 22 2 6 x
24
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
23 21 1 3 x
21 5
212
215 25 5 15 x
23 25
y y y
30
4 2
LESSON 10.3
18
21 1 3 5 x 23 21 1 3 x
24 22
6
212 26
23 21 1 x
26
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 207
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LESSON
Practice C
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
y y y
1
3 1
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 21 1 3 x
1 21
23
23 21 1 3 x
21 23
25
Use the given surface area S of the cylinder to find the radius r to the nearest tenth.
(Use 3.14 for π.)
16. S 5 301 in.2 17. S 5 58 ft2 18. S 5 1356 cm2
r r r
6 in. 3 ft 12 cm
19. Jumping A cat jumps from a countertop 30 inches above the floor.
h
It jumps with an initial vertical velocity of 5 feet per second. 2.5
Height (feet)
a. Write and graph a function that models the height h (in feet) of 2.0
0
0 1 2 3 t
the ground, how long was the ball in the air?
Time (seconds)
c. If an opposing player catches the ball at a height of 5 feet, how
long was the ball in the air? Explain your reasoning.
Algebra 1
208 Chapter 10 Resource Book
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LESSON
Review for Mastery
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
Vocabulary
A quadratic equation is an equation that can be written in the
standard form ax 2 1 bx 1 c 5 0 where a Þ 0 and a is called
the leading coefficient.
Solution x 5 27 y
22 x
22 x52
STEP 1 Write the equation in standard form.
x 2 1 5x 5 14 Write original equation. 26
Solution
y
Write the equation in standard form.
LESSON 10.3
STEP 1
The x-intercept is 5. 2 6 10 x
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 209
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
Solution
2. x 2 1 4 5 24x
3. x 2 1 6x 5 24
2
x56
x54 10 x
LESSON 10.3
5. f (x) 5 x 2 1 5x 2 14
Algebra 1
210 Chapter 10 Resource Book
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LESSON
Challenge Practice
10.3 For use with pages 665–673
1
2. y 5 } x 2 2 1
2
1
y 5 2} x 2 1 8
2
1
3. y 5 2x 2 2 }
2
7
y 5 x2 1 }
2
4. y 5 2x 2 1 4x 1 3
y 5 x2 1 x 1 3
5. y 5 2x 2 1 3x 1 1
y 5 22x 2 2 3x 1 1
A batter hits a baseball in such a way that its path is described by the quadratic function
y 5 20.00126875x 2 1 0.5x 1 3.
A fence of varying height surrounds the baseball field. Given the information in the
exercise, determine whether the ball goes over the fence, hits the fence, or hits the
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
7. The fence is 410 feet away from the batter, and the fence is 5 feet high.
8. The fence is 360 feet away from the batter, and the fence is 15 feet high.
LESSON 10.3
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 211
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
10.4 For use with pages 674–680
} } }
1. Ï 49 2. Ï 225 3. Ï 100
Use the given area A of the circle to find the radius r or the diameter d of
the circle. Round the answer to the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
19. A = 25π m2 20. A = 121π in.2 21. A = 23π cm2
r r d
A 24 ? 12
B 36 ? 24
C 48 ? 65
Algebra 1
212 Chapter 10 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice B
10.4 For use with pages 674–680
LESSON 10.4
1. 6x 2 2 24 5 0 2. 8x 2 2 128 5 0 3. x 2 2 13 5 23
4. 3x 2 2 60 5 87 5. 2x 2 2 33 5 17 6. 5x 2 2 200 5 205
1 1
7. 4x 2 2 125 5 225 8. 7x 2 2 50 5 13 9. } x 2 2 } 5 0
2 2
Use the given area A of the circle to find the radius r or the diameter d of
the circle. Round the answer to the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
22. A 5 169π m2 23. A 5 38π in.2 24. A 5 45π cm2
r r d
25. Flower Seed A manufacturer is making a cylindrical can that will hold
and dispense flower seeds through small holes in the top of the can.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
A 10 ? 68
B 15 ? 230
C 20 ? 545
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 213
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
10.4 For use with pages 674–680
1. 4x 2 2 29 5 7 2. 2x 2 2 50 5 48 3. 5x 2 2 120 5 240
1 1
4. } x 2 2 2 5 0 5. } x 2 2 8 5 4 6. 0.1x 2 2 6.4 5 0
2 3
1 3
13. 4(x 1 9)2 5 24 14. } (x 2 4)2 5 7 15. } (x 1 7)2 5 9
2 4
2
16. } (x 2 4)2 5 16 17. 7x 2 2 34 5 2x 2 1 16 18. 24 5 3(x 2 1 7)
5
x24 2
19. 9x 2 1 3 5 4(3x 2 2 6) 20. 1}5 2
5 36 21. (16x 2 2 8)2 5 81
1
25. 2x 2 2 28x 1 98 5 72 26. 23x 2 1 6x 2 3 5 227 27. } x 2 1 4x 1 8 5 8
2
18 cm
29. Speed To estimate the speed s (in feet per second) of a car involved in an accident,
}
11 3
investigators use the formula s 5 }
2 4 Ï
} l where l represents the length (in feet)
of tire skid marks on the pavement. After an accident, an investigator measures skid
marks that are 180 feet long. Approximately how fast was the car traveling?
Algebra 1
214 Chapter 10 Resource Book
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LESSON
Review for Mastery
10.4 For use with pages 674–680
LESSON 10.4
EXAMPLE 1 Solve quadratic equations
Solve the equation.
a. x 2 2 7 5 9 b. 11y 2 5 11 c. z 2 1 13 5 5
Solution
a. x 2 2 7 5 9 Write original equation.
x 2 5 16 Add 7 to each side.
}
x 5 6Ï 16 Take square roots of each side.
5 64 Simplify.
The solutions are 24 and 4.
no solution.
Solution
9m2 5 169 Write original equation.
169
m2 5 }
9
Divide each side by 9.
}
Ï
169
m56 }
9
Take square roots of each side.
13
m 5 6}
3
Simplify.
13 13
The solutions are 2}
3
and }
3
.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 215
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
10.4 For use with pages 674–680
Solution
2x 2 1 5 5 15 Write original equation.
2x 2 5 10 Subtract 5 from each side.
x2 5 5 Divide each side by 2.
}
x 5 ± Ï5 Take square roots of each side.
x ≈ ±2.24 Use a calculator. Round to the nearest hundredth.
The solutions are about 22.24 and about 2.24.
Solution
3(x 1 3)2 5 39 Write original equation.
2
(x 1 3) 5 13 Divide each side by 3.
}
x 1 3 5 ± Ï 13 Take square roots of each side.
}
x 5 23 ± Ï 13 Subtract 3 from each side.
} }
The solutions are 23 1 Ï 13 ø 0.61 and 23 2 Ï 13 ø 26.61.
Algebra 1
216 Chapter 10 Resource Book
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LESSONS
10.1–10.4
Problem Solving Workshop:
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 648–680
LESSON 10.4
1. Multi-Step Problem The research and 6. Extended Response You throw a
development expenditures for a company football twice into the air.
from 1991 to 2003 can be modeled by the
a. For your first throw, the ball is
function y 5 2x2 2 12x 1 3600 where y is
released 6 feet above the ground with
the expenditure (in thousands of dollars) and
an initial vertical velocity of 25 feet
x is the number of years since 1991.
per second. Use the vertical motion
a. In what year was the research and model to write an equation for the
development expenditure the least? height h (in feet) of the football as a
b. What was the lowest research and function of time t (in seconds).
development expenditure? b. For your second throw, the ball is
released 5.5 feet above the ground
2. Multi-Step Problem Use the rectangle
with an initial vertical velocity of
below.
30 feet per second. Use the vertical
motion model to write an equation for
(8 2 x) in. the height h (in feet) of the football as
a function of time t (in seconds).
3x in.
c. If no one catches either throw, for
a. Find the value of x that gives the which of your throws is the ball in the
greatest possible area of the rectangle. air longer? Explain.
b. What is the greatest possible area of 7. Gridded Response r ft
the rectangle? The volume of the cylinder
3. Short Response For the period 1998–
is 144π cubic feet. What is
2001, the number of oil spills O in U.S. the radius of the cylinder, 9 ft
water can be modeled by the function in feet?
O 5 2256t 2 1 519t 1 8305 where t is the
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 217
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
10.4 For use with pages 674–680
In Exercises 1–5, solve the equation by writing the left side of the
LESSON 10.4
equation as a perfect square, then use square roots to solve the problem.
1. x 2 1 6x 1 9 5 81
2. 4x 2 1 20x 1 25 5 16
1
3. } x 2 1 2x 1 4 5 0
4
4. 36x 2 1 12x 1 1 5 4
5. 49x 2 1 112x 1 64 5 25
A NASA mission plans to send a probe to a moon of a distant planet in our solar system.
The probe will orbit the moon at a height of 100 kilometers above the moon’s surface, then
fall out of orbit to the surface of the moon. Once the probe begins to fall to the surface of
1
the moon, its height is modeled by the equation h 5 2}4 t 2 1 100, where t is the time in
minutes and h is the height in kliometers.
6. Once the probe begins to fall, how many minutes pass until the probe hits the
surface of the moon?
7. A NASA scientist needs to know how many minutes pass between the time the probe
falls out of orbit until the probe is 64 kilometers above the surface of the moon. Find
the number of minutes to answer the scientist’s question.
8. Suppose that once the probe reaches a height of 64 kilometers above the surface
of the moon it fires a rocket to temporarily stop the descent and then releases a
Algebra 1
218 Chapter 10 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice A
10.5 For use with pages 685–690
Match the expression with the value of c that makes the expression
a perfect square trinomial.
1. x 2 1 8x 1 c 2. x 2 1 16x 1 c 3. x 2 1 4x 1 c
A. 4 B. 16 C. 64
Find the value of c that makes the expression a perfect square trinomial.
Then write the expression as a square of a binomial.
LESSON 10.5
10. x 2 2 10x 1 c 11. x 2 2 8x 1 c 12. x 2 2 6x 1 c
Solve the equation by completing the square. Round your solutions to the
nearest hundredth, if necessary.
22. x 2 1 6x 5 2 23. x 2 1 10x 5 1 24. x 2 2 4x 5 3
25. Flight of an Arrow An arrow is shot into the air with an upward velocity of 64 feet
per second from a hill 32 feet high. The height h of the arrow (in feet) can be found
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
by using the model h 5 216t 2 1 64t 1 32 where t is the time (in seconds).
a. Write an equation that you can use to find when the arrow will be 64 feet above
the ground.
b. When will the arrow be 64 feet above the ground? Round your answer(s) to the
nearest hundredth.
c. Write and solve an equation that you can use to find when the arrow will be
32 feet above the ground.
26. Tile Floor You are tiling a floor so that it has marble in the center x x
and ceramic tile around the border as shown. The ceramic tile
x
border has a uniform width x (in feet). You have enough money
in your budget to purchase marble to cover 28 square feet.
12 ft
a. Solve the equation 28 5 (12 2 2x)(15 2 2x) to find the width
of the border. x
b. How many square feet of ceramic tile will you need for the
15 ft
project? Explain how you found your answer.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 219
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
10.5 For use with pages 685–690
Find the value of c that makes the expression a perfect square trinomial.
Then write the expression as a square of a binomial.
1. x 2 1 12x 1 c 2. x 2 1 50x 1 c 3. x 2 2 26x 1 c
4. x 2 2 18x 1 c 5. x 2 1 13x 1 c 6. x 2 2 9x 1 c
1 6
7. x 2 2 11x 1 c 8. x 2 1 } x 1 c 9. x 2 2 } x 1 c
2 5
Solve the equation by completing the square. Round your solutions to the
nearest hundredth, if necessary.
10. x 2 1 6x 5 1 11. x 2 1 4x 5 13 12. x 2 2 10x 5 15
x ft 2x in.
(x 1 4) ft (3x 2 1) in.
Algebra 1
220 Chapter 10 Resource Book
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LESSON
Practice C
10.5 For use with pages 685–690
Find the value of c that makes the expression a perfect square trinomial.
Then write the expression as a square of a binomial.
1 2
1. x 2 1 3.6x 1 c 2. x 2 2 } x 1 c 3. x 2 1 } x 1 c
4 3
Solve the equation by completing the square. Round your solutions to the
nearest hundredth, if necessary.
7 15 1
4. x 2 2 3x 5 } 5. x 2 1 11x 5 2 } 6. x 2 2 } x 5 8
4 4 3
3
7. x 2 2 9x 2 8 5 0 8. x 2 2 5x 1 1 5 0 9. x 2 1 7x 1 } 5 0
4
LESSON 10.5
13. 2x 2 1 18x 1 5 5 3 14. 3x 2 2 15x 2 10 5 9 15. 4x 2 1 4x 2 9 5 0
(x 1 5) ft
2x in.
(x 1 6) ft (2x 1 3) in.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
18. The product of two consecutive negative integers is 240. Find the integers.
19. Stopping Distance A car with good tire tread can stop in less distance than a car
with poor tire tread. The formula for the stopping distance d (in feet) of a car with
good tread on dry cement is approximated by d 5 0.04v 2 1 0.5v where v is the
speed of the car (in miles per hour). If the driver must be able to stop within 80 feet,
what is the maximum safe speed of the car? Round your answer to the nearest mile
per hour.
20. Day Care A day care center has 100 feet of fencing to fence in part Building
of its land for a safe play area for the children. The people that run
the center figure that they will need 1000 square feet of space for w w
the play area. One side of the day care building will be used as one
side of the play area as shown. l
a. Write equations for the length of the fencing and the area
of the play area.
b. Use substitution to solve the system of equations from part (a).
What are the possible lengths and widths of the play area?
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 221
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
10.5 For use with pages 685–690
Vocabulary
For an expression of the form x 2 1 bx, you can add a constant c to
the expression so that the expression x 2 1 bx 1 c is a perfect square
trinomial. This process is called completing the square.
Solution
STEP 1 Find the value of c. For the expression to be a perfect square trinomial,
c needs to be the square of half the coefficient of x.
7 2 49
c 5 1 }2 2 5 }
4
Find the square of half the coefficient of x.
STEP 2 Write the expression as a perfect square trinomial. Then write the expression
as the square of a binomial.
49 49
x 2 1 7x 1 c 5 x 2 1 7x 1 }
4
Substitute }
4
for c.
7 2
5 1 x 1 }2 2 Square of a binomial.
Solution
x 2 1 14x 5 213 Write original equation.
14 2
x 2 1 14x 1 (7)2 5 213 1 72 Add 1 }
22
, or 72, to each side.
(x 1 7)2 5 213 1 72 Write left side as the square of a binomial.
2
(x 1 7) 5 36 Simplify the right side.
x17566 Take square roots of each side.
x 5 27 6 6 Subtract 7 from each side.
The solutions of the equation are 27 1 6 5 21 and 27 2 6 5 213.
Algebra 1
222 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
10.5 For use with pages 685–690
Solution
3x2 1 18x 2 9 5 0 Write original equation.
2
3x 1 18x 5 9 Add 9 to each side.
x2 1 6x 5 3 Divide each side by 3.
6 2
x2 1 6x 1 32 5 3 1 32 Add 1 }2 2 , or 32, to each side.
LESSON 10.5
}
x 1 3 5 Ï 12 Take square roots of each side.
}
x 5 23 6 Ï 12 Subtract 3 from each side.
} }
The solutions are 23 1 Ï 12 ø 0.46 and 23 2 Ï 12 ø 26.46.
2. x 2 1 11x 1 c
3. x 2 2 16x 1 c
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
5. r 2 1 12r 5 23
6. 2s 2 2 28s 1 8 5 0
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 223
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
10.5 For use with pages 685–690
1. The product of two consecutive positive even integers is 224. Find the integers.
2. The product of two consecutive positive odd integers is 143. Find the integers.
3. The product of two consecutive positive integers is equal to eleven times the sum of
the two integers plus 35. Find the integers.
4. The sum of the squares of two consecutive positive integers is 421. Find the integers.
5. The sum of the squares of a positive integer and five more than twice the integer is
equal to 1810. Find the integer.
6. x 2 1 bx 1 5 5 12
LESSON 10.5
7. x 2 2 5x 1 c 5 3
8. x 2 1 bx 1 c 5 0
9. ax 2 1 bx 1 c 5 0
10. You are planning a vegetable garden and you lay out a rectangular design 10 feet
wide by 20 feet long. After laying out the design you decide you want a larger
garden and decide to increase the length of the garden by a length of 2x feet and
increase the width by a length of x feet. You have enough dirt to cover an area of
600 square feet, and you want to make the garden as large as possible. What are the
dimensions of the finished garden? Round your answer to the nearest foot.
11. The path of a rocket shot into the air is modeled by the equation h 5 225t2 1 50t 1 4
where h is the height (in feet) of the rocket above the ground t seconds after it is
Algebra 1
224 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Practice
10.5 For use with pages 691–692
Graph the quadratic function. Label the vertex and axis of symmetry.
1. y 5 (x 1 1)2 2 3 2. y 5 3(x 1 2)2 2 1 3. y 5 2(x 2 2)2 1 4
Y Y Y
/ X
/ X / X
1 3
4. y 5 22(x 1 4)2 1 2 5. y 5 } (x 2 2)2 2 3 6. y 5 2} (x 2 2)2 1 2
2 2
FOCUS ON 10.5
Y Y Y
/ X / X / X
Write the function in vertex form, then graph the function. Label the vertex
and axis of symmetry.
1
7. y 5 2x2 2 12x 1 2 8. y 5 24x2 2 2x 1 16 9. y 5 } x2 2 2x 2 1
2
Y y Y
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
/ X
/ X
4
O 1 x
1
( 2 , 1)
11. Challenge The path of a soccer ball is parabolic. The ball reaches a height of
12 feet before it starts to descend and lands 32 feet from the point where it was
kicked. What is the equation, in vertex form, which models the path of the
soccer ball? Assume the ball was kicked at (0, 0).
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 225
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery
10.5 For use with pages 691–692
Vocabulary
The vertex form of a quadratic function is y 5 a(x 2 h)2 1 k where
a Þ 0. The vertex of the graph is (h, k) and the axis of symmetry is
x 5 h. The parabola opens up if a . 0 and opens down if a , 0.
The graph of y 5 a(x 2 h)2 1 k is the graph of y 5 ax2 translated h
units horizontally and k units vertically.
Solution
Algebra 1
226 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery continued
10.5 For use with pages 691–692
Solution
FOCUS ON 10.5
y 1 4 5 (x 2 2)2 1 1 Write x2 2 4x 1 4 as a square of a binomial.
O 1 x
STEP 4 Plot the vertex (h, k) 5 (2, 23).
STEP 5 Plot four more points. Evaluate the function
(2, 3)
for two x-values less than the x-coordinate
of the vertex.
x 5 1: y 5 (1 2 2)2 2 3 5 22
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
x 5 0: y 5 (0 2 2)2 2 3 5 1
Plot the points (1, 22) and (0, 1) and their reflections (3, 22) and (4, 1),
in the axis of symmetry.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 227
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
10.6 For use with pages 693–698
3. 2x 2 1 17x 2 23 5 0 4. 10x 2 2 8x 2 13 5 0
5. 23x 2 1 x 2 2 5 0 6. 5x 2 2 18x 2 3 5 0
Match the quadratic equation with the formula that gives its solution(s).
7. 2x 2 1 x 2 4 5 0 8. 4x 2 2 x 1 2 5 0 9. 2x 2 1 4x 1 2 5 0
}} }} }}
24 6 Ï 42 2 4(21)(2) 21 6 Ï 12 2 4(2)(24) 2(21) 6 Ï (21)2 2 4(4)(2)
A. x 5 }} B. x 5 }} C. x 5 }}}
2(21) 2(2) 2(4)
Use the quadratic formula to solve the equation. Round your solutions to
the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
10. x 2 1 6x 2 10 5 0 11. x 2 2 4x 2 9 5 0
12. 5x 2 1 2x 2 3 5 0 13. x 2 1 8x 1 2 5 0
16. 3x 2 1 5x 2 2 5 0 17. 6x 2 2 2x 1 5 5 0
18. 2x 2 2 8x 1 3 5 0 19. 2x 2 1 4x 2 16 5 0
22. Nuts For the period 1990–2002, the amount of shelled nuts y (in millions
Algebra 1
228 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
10.6 For use with pages 693–698
Use the quadratic formula to solve the equation. Round your solutions to
the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
1. x 2 1 7x 2 80 5 0 2. 3x 2 2 x 2 16 5 0
3. 8x 2 2 2x 2 30 5 0 4. x 2 1 4x 1 1 5 0
5. 2x 2 1 x 1 12 5 0 6. 23x 2 2 4x 1 10 5 0
7. 5x 2 1 30x 1 32 5 0 8. x 2 1 6x 2 100 5 0
9. 4x 2 2 x 2 20 5 0 10. 5x 2 1 x 2 9 5 0
Tell which method(s) you would use to solve the quadratic equation.
Explain your choice(s).
13. 6x 2 2 216 5 0 14. 8x 2 5 56 15. 5x 2 2 10x 5 0
Solve the quadratic equation using any method. Round your solutions
to the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
19. 210x 2 5 250 20. x 2 2 16x 5 264 21. x 2 1 3x 2 8 5 0
25. Pasta For the period 1990–2003, the amount of biscuits, pasta, and noodles y
LESSON 10.6
(in thousands of metric tons) imported into the United States can be modeled by
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
the function y 5 1.36x2 1 27.8x 1 304 where x is the number of years since 1990.
a. Write and solve an equation that you can use to approximate the year in which
500 thousand metric tons of biscuits, pasta, and noodles were imported.
b. Write and solve an equation that you can use to approximate the year in which
575 thousand metric tons of biscuits, pasta, and noodles were imported.
26. Eggs For the period 1997–2003, the number of eggs y (in billions) produced in
the United States can be modeled by the function y 5 20.27x 2 1 3.3x 1 77 where
x is the number of years since 1997.
a. Write and solve an equation that you can use to approximate the year(s) in which
80 billion eggs were produced.
b. Graph the function on a graphing calculator. Use the trace feature to find the year
when 80 billion eggs were produced. Use the graph to check your answer from
part (a).
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 229
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
10.6 For use with pages 693–698
Use the quadratic formula to solve the equation. Round your solutions to
the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
1. 15x 2 1 8x 1 1 5 0 2. 4x 2 2 6x 1 2 5 0
3. 9x 2 1 9x 2 1 5 0 4. x 2 2 6x 5 15
5. 4x 2 2 3 5 10x 6. 2x 2 1 6x 1 5 5 7
7. 8x 2 5 5x 2 1 9x 1 3 8. 212 5 x 2 2 14x 1 30
Tell which method(s) you would use to solve the quadratic equation.
Explain your choice(s).
13. 13x 2 2 26x 5 0 14. 2x 2 2 9x 1 5 5 0 15. x 2 2 8x 1 1 5 0
Solve the quadratic equation using any method. Round your solutions
to the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
16. 23x 2 5 218 17. x 2 2 5x 1 10 5 0 18. x 2 1 3x 2 1 5 0
25. Books For the period 1990–2002, the amount of money y (in billions of dollars)
LESSON 10.6
spent in the United States on books and maps can be modeled by the function
y 5 0.0178x 2 1 1.5x 1 16 where x is the number of years since 1990.
Algebra 1
230 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
10.6 For use with pages 693–698
Vocabulary
By completing the square for the quadratic equation ax2 1 bx 1 c 5 0,
}
2b 6 Ï b2 2 4ac
you can develop a formula, x 5 }} 2a
, that gives the
solutions of any quadratic equation in standard form. This formula
is called the quadratic formula.
Solution
5x 2 2 3 5 4x Write original equation.
5x 2 2 4x 2 3 5 0 Write in standard form.
}
2b 6 Ï b2 2 4ac
x 5 }}
2a
Quadratic formula
}}
2(24) 6 Ï (24)2 2 4(5)(23)
5 }}} Substitute values in the quadratic formula:
2(5)
a 5 5, b 5 24, and c 5 23.
}
LESSON 10.6
4 6 Ï76
5}
10
Simplify.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
} }
4 1 Ï 76 4 2 Ï 76
The solutions are } 10
ø 1.27 and } 10
ø 20.47.
2. 5y 2 2 7 5 11y
3. 9z 2 1 3z 5 5
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 231
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
10.6 For use with pages 693–698
Solution
y 5 30x 2 2 24x 1 15,500 Write function.
2
17,000 5 30x 2 24x 1 15,500 Substitute 17,000 for y.
0 5 30x 2 2 24x 2 1500 Write in standard form.
}}
2(224) 6 Ï (224)2 2 4(30)(21500)
x 5 }}} Substitute values in the quadratic formula:
2(30)
a 5 30, b 5 224, and c 5 21500.
}
24 6 Ï180,576
5 }} 60
Simplify.
} }
24 1 Ï 180,576 24 2 Ï 180,576
The solutions are }} ø 7 and }} ø 27.
60 60
The year when $17,000 is invested is about 7 years after 1995, or 2002.
Solution
a. The quadratic equation cannot be factored easily, and completing
the square will result in many fractions. So, the equation can be
solved using the quadratic formula.
b. The quadratic equation can be solved by completing the square
because the equation can be rewritten in the form ax 2 1 bx 1 c 5 0
where a 5 1 and b is an even number.
c. The quadratic equation can be solved using square roots because
the equation can be written in the form x 2 5 d.
Tell what method you would use to solve the quadratic equation.
Explain your choice(s).
5. x 2 1 11x 5 0 6. 23x 2 1 19x 5 27 7. 4x 2 1 16x 5 12
Algebra 1
232 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Problem Solving Workshop:
10.6
Using Alternative Methods
For use with pages 693–698
PROBLEM Film Production For the period 1971–2001, the number y of films produced in the
world can be modeled by the function y 5 10x2 2 94x 1 3900 where x is the number
of years since 1971. In what year were 4200 films produced?
METHOD Using a Graph You can solve the problem by using a graph.
Number of films
produced in the world using a graphing 8,000
calculator. Graph y1 5 10x 2 2 94x 1 3900. 6,000
Because you are looking for when the 4,000
number of films produced is 4200, graph 2,000 Intersection
y2 5 4200 and find the intersection between X=11.91734 Y=4200
0
the graphs. You only need to consider
x-values between 0 and 30 because that is 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
the interval for the equation. Years since 1971
STEP 2 Find the intersection of the graphs by using the intersect feature on your
calculator. You only need to consider positive values of x because a negative
solution does not make sense in this situation. The intersection occurs at
LESSON 10.6
(11.91734, 4200). There were 4200 films produced about 12 years after 1971,
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
or in 1983.
PRACTICE 1. Cassettes For the period 1998–2003, 3. Diving Board A person jumps off of a
the number y of cassettes (in millions) 6-foot high diving board with an initial
in manufacturers’ shipments can velocity of 13 feet per second. How
be modeled by the function many seconds does it take the person
y 5 4.3x2 2 50.4x 1 162 where x is to hit the water? Round your answer to
the number of years since 1998. In the nearest tenth of a second.
what year were 50 million cassettes
4. Federal Aid For the period
shipped?
1998–2003, the amount of money y
2. Error Analysis Describe and correct (in billions of dollars) of federal aid
the error made in Exercise 1. grants to state and local governments
}} can be modeled by the function
50.4 6 Ï(50.4)2 2 4(4.3)(162)
x 5 }}} y 5 1.71x 2 1 19.14x 1 244.92 where
2(4.3)
x is the number of years since 1998.
}
50.4 6 Ï2246.24 In what year was 290 billion dollars
x 5 }}
8.6 given to state and local governments?
There was no time from 1998–2003
when 50 million cassettes were shipped.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 233
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
10.6 For use with pages 693–698
b2 2 3
and letting b2 2 4ac 5 3 gives c 5 }
4a
. Substituting the values for a and b you get
1 5 1
c5}
10
. So the equation }2 x 2 1 2x 1 }
10
5 0 has the desired solutions.
}
24 6 Ï 10
1. x 5 }
3
}
26 6 Ï25
2. x 5 }
7
}
1 6 Ï0
3. x 5 }
3
}
217 6 Ï 21
4. x 5 }
15
}
11 6 Ï11
5. x 5 }
11
LESSON 10.6
7. y 5 2x2 2 4x 1 1
8. y 5 6x2 1 x 2 1
Algebra 1
234 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
10.7 For use with pages 699–705
4. 2x 2 1 6x 2 3 5 0 5. 12 2 3x 2 x 2 5 0 6. 3x 2 2 4x 1 15 5 0
Tell whether the equation has two solutions, one solution, or no solution.
16. 3x 2 1 x 1 1 5 0 17. 2x 2 1 5x 1 7 5 0 18. x 2 2 10x 1 8 5 0
Find the number of x-intercepts that the graph of the function has.
25. y 5 x 2 2 5x 2 3 26. y 5 3x 2 2 x 2 1 27. y 5 4x 2 1 6x 1 1
y 5 2x 2 1 5x 1 150. 15 2 x
15 ft
a. Write an equation that you can use to determine if there
is a value of x that gives an area of 155 square feet.
b. Use the discriminant of your equation from part (a) to
show that it is possible to find a value of x for which the
area is 155 square feet.
c. Find the value(s) of x for which the area is 155 square feet. Round your answer(s)
to the nearest tenth.
32. House Painting You are painting a house. While standing on a ladder that is
LESSON 10.7
15 feet above the ground, you ask your friend to toss you a paintbrush. The starting
height of the paintbrush is 5.5 feet and its initial vertical velocity is 20 feet per
second. Write an equation that you can use to determine whether or not the paint-
brush reaches you. Then use the discriminant to determine whether the paintbrush
reaches you.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 235
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
10.7 For use with pages 699–705
Tell whether the equation has two solutions, one solution, or no solution.
1. x 2 1 x 1 3 5 0 2. 2x 2 2 4x 2 5 5 0 3. 22x 2 1 10x 2 5 5 0
4. 3x 2 2 9x 1 8 5 0 5. 10x 2 2 8x 1 1 5 0 6. 24x 2 1 9 5 0
7. 36x 2 2 9x 5 0 8. 3x 2 1 2 5 4x 9. 12 5 x 2 2 6x
1 2
10. } x 2 1 3 5 x 11. 28x 2 2 9x 5 } 12. 8x 2 1 12x 1 2 5 4x
6 3
Find the number of x-intercepts that the graph of the function has.
13. y 5 x 2 2 6x 2 3 14. y 5 5x 2 2 x 2 1 15. y 5 6x 2 2 6x 1 1
1 2
22. y 5 215x 2 1 3x 1 5 23. y 5 } x 2 2 4x 1 8 24. y 5 } x 2 2 5x 1 2
2 3
Give a value of c for which the equation has (a) two solutions,
(b) one solution, and (c) no solution.
25. x 2 1 10x 1 c 5 0 26. x 2 2 4x 1 c 5 0 27. 25x 2 1 10x 1 c 5 0
31. Playhouse You want to build a playhouse for your sister in your 12 ft x
backyard. You have blueprints which show that the playhouse is
32. Tennis You and your friend are walking around the exterior of a tennis court that
LESSON 10.7
has a 12-foot high fence around it. You pick up a ball and try to throw it from a
height of 5 feet over the fence. You throw it with an initial vertical velocity of 20 feet
per second. Did the ball make it over the fence?
Algebra 1
236 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
10.7 For use with pages 699–705
Tell whether the equation has two solutions, one solution, or no solution.
1. x 2 1 x 1 5 5 0 2. 100x 2 2 36x 5 0 3. 5x 2 1 4 5 6x
1 3
4. 14 5 x 2 2 7x 5. } x 2 1 6 5 x 6. 24x 2 2 5x 5 }
3 4
7. 9x 2 1 11x 1 1 5 5x 8. 6x 2 1 10 5 3x 2 2 3x 1 4 9. 4x 2 1 4 5 12x 2 4x 2
Find the number of x-intercepts that the graph of the function has.
10. y 5 5x 2 1 4x 2 1 11. y 5 3x 2 2 15x 1 5 12. y 5 4x 2 1 x 1 8
1 3
16. y 5 6x 2 1 9x 1 1 17. y 5 } x 2 2 4x 2 3 18. y 5 } x 2 2 4x 1 3
5 4
Give a value of c for which the equation has (a) two solutions,
(b) one solution, and (c) no solution.
19. x 2 1 12x 1 c 5 0 20. x 2 2 8x 1 c 5 0 21. 81x 2 1 18x 1 c 5 0
Tell whether the vertex of the graph of the function lies above, below,
or on the x-axis. Explain your reasoning.
25. y 5 x 2 2 9x 1 20 26. y 5 4x 2 2 24x 1 36 27. y 5 8x 2 2 3x 1 5
28. Football You kick a football with an initial upward velocity of 42 feet per second
from the ground.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a. Use the vertical motion model to write a function that models the height h
(in feet) of the ball after t seconds.
b. Does the ball reach a height of 25 feet? If so, when?
29. Deck Box You want to build a deck box for the deck
off the back of your house. You have blueprints which
show that the base of the deck box is 18 inches wide 18 in.
and 48 inches long. You want to change the dimensions 18 2 x
as shown. The area can be modeled by the function
y 5 2x 2 2 30x 1 864. x 48 in.
LESSON 10.7
a. Can you change the dimensions so that the area is 700 square inches?
b. Can you change the dimensions so that the area is 5 square feet? Explain how
you got your answer.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 237
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
10.7 For use with pages 699–705
Vocabulary
In the quadratic formula, the expression b 2 2 4ac is called the
discriminant of the associated equation ax 2 1 bx 1 c 5 0.
Solution
2. 4x 2 1 5x 1 2 5 0
3. 25x 2 1 4 5 20x
Algebra 1
238 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
10.7 For use with pages 699–705
Solution
Find the number of solutions of the equation 0 5 x 2 2 12x 1 36.
b2 2 4ac 5 (212)2 2 4(1)(36) Substitute 1 for a, 212 for b, and 36 for c.
50 Simplify.
The discriminant is zero, so the equation has one solution. This means that the graph
of y 5 x 2 2 12x 1 36 has one x-intercept.
CHECK You can use a graphing calculator to check your answer. Notice that the
graph of y 5 x 2 2 12x 1 36 intercepts the x-axis once.
5. y 5 x2 1 7x 1 13
6. y 5 4x2 2 12x 1 9
LESSON 10.7
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 239
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
10.7 For use with pages 699–705
In Exercises 1–5, find the value(s) of k for which the equation has exactly
one solution.
1. x 2 1 kx 1 1 5 0
2. 4x 2 1 2x 1 k 5 0
3. 5kx 2 1 40x 1 6 5 0
4. k 2x 2 1 kx 1 k 5 0
5. kx 2 1 3k 2x 1 2k 4 5 0
In Exercises 6–8, find the value(s) of k for which the equation has
no solution. Write your answer as an inequality.
6. 3x 2 1 2x 1 k 5 0
7. kx 2 1 21x 2 3 5 0
12
8. } x 2 2 6x 1 k 2 5 0
k
In Exercises 9 and 10, find the values of k for which the equation has
exactly two solutions. Write your answer as an inequality.
9. 7kx 2 2 2x 1 3 5 0
10. k 2x 2 1 kx 1 2 5 0
Algebra 1
240 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Graphing Calculator Activity Keystrokes
10.8 For use with pages 714 and 715
TI-83 Plus
LESSON 10.8
Example 1 Example 2
From the home screen, enter the following to From the home screen, enter the following to
clear lists L1 and L2. clear lists L1 and L2.
STAT 4 2nd [L1] , 2nd [L2] ENTER STAT 4 2nd [L1] , 2nd [L2] ENTER
STAT 1 STAT 1
Move cursor to list L1. Move cursor to list L1.
0 ENTER 1 ENTER 2 ENTER 3 0 ENTER 3 ENTER 6 ENTER 9
ENTER 4 ENTER ENTER 12 ENTER 15 ENTER
(�) 1 ENTER 9 ENTER 1 ENTER (�) 2nd [L2] ENTER ENTER WINDOW
STAT 0 2nd [L1] , 2nd [L2] (�) 50000 ENTER 400000 ENTER
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 241
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
A. y B. y C. y
5 5 5
3 3 3
1 1 1
25 23 21 1 3 x 25 23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 21
Use the graph to tell whether the points represent a linear function, an
exponential function, or a quadratic function.
4. y 5. y 6. y
6
10 3
2
6 1
26 22 2 6 x
22
21 1 3 5 x
2 21
26
26 22 2 6 x
7. y 8. y 9. y
1 5
1
23 21 1 3 x
21 3
21 5 x
21
Use a graph to tell whether the ordered pairs represent a linear function,
an exponential function, or a quadratic function.
10. (24, 27), (22, 24), (0, 21), (2, 2), (4, 5)
1
11. (22, 8), (21, 4), (0, 2), (1, 1), 2, }
2 1 2
y y
6 10
2 6
26 22 2 6 x
22 2
23 21 1 3 x
26 22
Algebra 1
242 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
12. (23, 0), (22, 22), (21, 22), (0, 0), (1, 4) 13. (0, 25), (1, 1), (2, 7), (3, 13), (4, 19)
LESSON 10.8
y y
3 15
1 5
23 21 1 x 21 1 3 5 x
21 25
14. (0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 8), (4, 16) 15. (1, 2), (2, 21), (3, 22), (4, 21), (5, 2)
y y
20 3
12 1
21 1 3 5 x
4 21
21 1 3 5 x
24 23
18. 19.
x 24 23 22 21 0 x 21 0 1 2 3
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
y 7 4 3 4 7 y 23 0 1 0 23
20. Baseball Salaries The graph shows a model for the salaries (in y
Salary (thousands
2000
a. Is the model a linear function, a quadratic function, or an
1500
exponential function?
1000
b. Is this model good for predicting the salaries of players 500
after 2003? Explain your reasoning. 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 x
Years since 1999
21. Consumer Spending The graph shows the amount of money spent y
(billions of dollars)
(in billions of dollars) in the United States on video and audio 120
Amount spent
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 243
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
A. y B. y C. y
3
3 3
1
1 1
23 21 1 x
21
21 1 3 x 23 21 1 x
21 21
23
Use a graph to tell whether the ordered pairs represent a linear function,
an exponential function, or a quadratic function.
4. (22, 16), (21, 8), (0, 4), (1, 2), (2, 1) 5. (23, 4), (22, 0), (21, 22), (0, 22), (1, 0)
y y
20
3
12
1
4
23 21 1 x
21
23 21 1 3 x
24
6. (24, 17), (22, 11), (0, 5), (2, 21), (4, 27) 7. (29, 21), (26, 22), (23, 23), (0, 24), (3, 25)
y y
26 22 6 x
24
25
8. 1 22, }19 2, 1 21, }13 2, (0, 1), (1, 3), (2, 9) 9. (2, 5), (3, 2), (4, 1), (5, 2), (6, 5)
y y
10 5
6 3
2 1
23 21 1 3 x 1 3 5 x
22
Algebra 1
244 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
LESSON 10.8
an exponential function, or a quadratic function.
10. 11.
x 0 1 2 3 4 x 22 21 0 1 2
y 1 5 25 125 625 y 210 27 24 21 2
12. 13.
x 21 0 1 2 3 x 210 25 0 5 10
y 4 1 0 1 4 y 4 3.5 3 2.5 2
14. 15.
x 22 21 0 1 2 x 24 23 22 21 0
1 1 y 23 0 1 0 23
y 32 8 2 } }
2 8
16. 17.
x 22 21 0 1 2 x 23 22 21 0 1
y 1 3 5 7 9 1
y 27 9 3 1 }
3
c. Write an equation for the function that the table of values from
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
96
(3, 64)
part (b) represents.
32
(2, 16)
(0, 1) 1 (1, 4) 5 x
19. Pleasure Boats The graph shows total amount of sales Pleasure Boats
(in millions of dollars) of pleasure boats in the United States y
for the period 1990–2002. Tell whether the data should be
(millions of dollars)
16,000
modeled by a linear function, an exponential function, or 14,000
12,000
Sales
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 245
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
A. y B. y C. y
5 5
1
3 3
1 3 x
21
1 1
23
23 21 1 3 5 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21
Use a graph to tell whether the ordered pairs represent a linear function,
an exponential function, or a quadratic function.
4. (25, 5), (23, 23), (21, 23), (0, 0), (1, 5) 5. (24, 222), (22, 212), (0, 22), (2, 8), (4, 18)
y y
18
6
6
2
26 22 2 6 x
26
25 23 21 1 x
22
218
8. (27, 7), (26, 4), (25, 3), (24, 4), (23, 7) 9. (0, 1), (1, 4), (2, 16), (3, 64), (4, 256)
y y
10 320
6 192
2 64
210 26 22 2 x 21 1 3 5 x
22 264
Algebra 1
246 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
LESSON 10.8
an exponential function, or a quadratic function.
10. 11.
x 0 1 2 3 4 x 1 2 3 4 5
y 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 y 26 23 22 23 26
12. 13.
x 24 23 22 21 0 x 0 1 2 3 4
y 1296 216 36 6 1 y 6 3 0 23 26
14. 15.
x 25 24 23 22 21 x 23 22 21 0 1
y 24 21 0 21 24 1
y 1024 128 16 2 }
4
16. 17.
x 23 22 21 0 1 x 2 3 4 5 6
y 15 11 7 3 21 y 2 21 22 21 2
a. Which function does the graph represent, an exponential function (23, 64)
56
or a quadratic function? Explain your reasoning.
b. Make a table of values for the points on the graph. Then use 40
differences or ratios to check your answer in part (a).
24
c. Write an equation for the function that the table of values from (22, 16)
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
19. Printer Value The value V of a printer between 1999 and 2003 is given in the
table. Tell whether the data should be modeled by a linear function, an exponential
function, or a quadratic function. Then write an equation for the function.
20. Interest The balance B of an account is given in the table. Tell whether the data
should be modeled by a linear function, an exponential function, or a quadratic
function. Then write an equation for the function.
Time, t (years) 0 1 2 3 4
Balance, B (dollars) 1020.20 1040.60 1061.42 1082.64 1104.30
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 247
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
c. 1 22, }
25 2 1
1
, 21, }5 2, (0, 1), (1, 5), (2, 25)
1
Solution
a. y b. y c. y
2 9 27
22 x
22 7 21
26 5 15
210 3 9
1 3
21 1 x 23 21 1 x
Solution
x 21 0 1 2
y 1 3 9 27
3
Ratios: }1 5 3 3 3
Algebra 1
248 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
LESSON 10.8
1. Tell whether the ordered pairs represent a linear function, a quadratic
function, or an exponential function: (21, 26), (0, 24), (1, 0), (2, 6).
2. Tell whether the table represents a linear function, a quadratic function, or an
exponential function.
x 0 1 2 3
y 26 3 12 21
STEP 1 Determine which type of function the values in the table represent.
x 21 0 1 2 3
y 7 5 3 1 21
First differences: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
The table of values represents a linear function because the first differences
are equal.
STEP 2 Write an equation for the linear function. The equation has the form
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 249
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
10.5–10.8
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 685–713
LESSON 10.8
LESSON
Challenge Practice
10.8 For use with pages 706–713
LESSON 10.8
(0, 3), (2, 7), (3, 9), (5, k)
1. Tell whether the data fits a linear model, quadratic model, or exponential model.
2. Find a value of k that makes the data fit the model selected in Exercise 1.
4. Tell whether the data fits a linear model, quadratic model, or exponential model.
5. Find a value of k that makes the data fit the model selected in Exercise 4.
7. Tell whether the data fits a linear model, quadratic model, or exponential model.
8. Find a value of k that makes the data fit the model selected in Exercise 7.
10. The weight of a male African elephant increases during the first year of life
according to the model y 5 10,000 2 9650(k) x where y represents the weight
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
(in pounds) of the elephant and x represents the number of months after birth.
If a one-year-old male African elephant weights 2000 pounds, how much did the
elephant weigh when it was 4 months old?
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book 251
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Chapter Review Game
10 For use after Chapter 10
7. Use the least positive solution of x 2 2 15x 1 54 5 0 as the x-coordinate of (x, 2).
10. Use the positive solution of 5x 2 2 30x 5 0 as the x-coordinate of (x, 4).
1
CHAPTER REVIEW GAME
21 1 3 5 7 x
Algebra 1
252 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter
11 For use with Chapter 11
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Chapter Overview One way you can help your student succeed in Chapter 11
is by discussing the lesson goals in the chart below. When a lesson is completed, ask your
student the following questions. “What were the goals of the lesson? What new words and
formulas did you learn? How can you apply the ideas of the lesson to your life?”
In Chapter 11, you will apply the key ideas listed in the Chapter Opener (see page 733)
and reviewed in the Chapter Summary (see page 778).
1. Graphing square root functions
2. Using properties of radicals in expressions and equations
3. Working with radicals in geometry
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 253
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter continued
11 For use with Chapter 11
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Key Ideas Your student can demonstrate understanding of key concepts by working through the
following exercises with you.
Lesson Exercise
}
11.1 Graph the function y 5 2Ï x 2 3 and identify its domain and range.
}
Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 Ïx .
11.5 Find the distance between the two points. Then find the midpoint of the line
segment connecting the two points.
(a) (25, 1), (7, 3) (b) (2, 28), (26, 22)
Directions Create a treasure map, where either the Pythagorean theorem or the
distance formula must be used to get from one point (clue) to another. Have a parent,
sibling, or guardian follow your directions to reach the treasure.
Algebra 1
254 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia
11 Usar con el Capítulo 11
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Vistazo al capítulo Una manera en que puede ayudar a su hijo a tener éxito en el Capítulo
11 es hablar sobre los objetivos de la lección en la tabla a continuación. Cuando se termina una
lección, pregúntele a su hijo lo siguiente: “¿Cuáles fueron los objetivos de la lección? ¿Qué
palabras y fórmulas nuevas aprendiste? ¿Cómo puedes aplicar a tu vida las ideas de la lección?”
En el Capítulo 11, aplicarás las ideas clave enumeradas en la Presentación del capítulo
(ver la página 733) y revisadas en el Resumen del capítulo (ver la página 778).
1. Graficar funciones de raíces cuadradas
2. Usar propiedades de radicales en expresiones y ecuaciones
3. Trabajar con radicales en geometría
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 255
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
CHAPTER
Carta para la familia continúa
11 Usar con el Capítulo 11
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Ideas clave Su hijo puede demostrar la comprensión de las ideas clave al hacer los siguientes
ejercicios con usted.
Lección Ejercicio
}
11.1 Grafica la función y 5 2Ï x 2 3 e identifica su dominio y rango. Compara la gráfica
}
con la gráfica de y 5 Ïx .
11.5 Halla la distancia entre dos puntos. Luego halla el punto medio del segmento
conectando los dos puntos.
(a) (25, 1), (7, 3) (b) (2, 28), (26, 22)
Algebra 1
256 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Graphing Calculator Activity Keystrokes
11.1 For use with page 741
F6
LESSON 11.1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 257
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
}
with the graph of y 5 Ï x.
LESSON 11.1
} } }
4. y 5 6Ï x 5. y 5 0.4Ï x 6. y 5 22Ï x
y y y
10 1.0 1
21 1 3 5 x
6 0.6 21
2 0.2 23
22 2 6 10 x 22 2 6 10 x
22 20.2 25
A. y B. y C. y
1 5
1
21 1 3 5 x
21 3
25 21 1 x
21
23 1
23
25 23 21 1 x
25 21
D. y E. y F. y
10 6 10
6 2 6
22 2 10 x
2 22 2
22 2 6 10 x 22 2 6 10 x
22 26 22
Algebra 1
258 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
}
with the graph of y 5 Ï x.
} } }
13. y 5 Ï x 2 5 14. y 5 Ï x 1 3 15. y 5 Ï x 2 6
y y y
6 6
3
2 2
1
26 22 2 6 x 26 22 2 6 x
22 22
23 21 1 3 x
21
26 26
23
} } }
16. y 5 Ï x 2 2 17. y 5 Ï x 1 3 18. y 5 Ï x 2 5
LESSON 11.1
y y y
6
3 6
2
1 2
26 22 2 6 x
22
23 21 1 3 x 22 2 6 10 x
21 22
26
23 26
19. Fire Hoses For a fire hose with a nozzle that has a diameter of
f
2 inches, the}flow rate f (in gallons per minute) can be modeled 700
Flow rate (gal/min)
600
square inch. 500
400
a. Graph the function and identify its domain and range.
300
b. If the flow rate is 720 gallons per minute, what is the 200
nozzle pressure? 100
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 p
Nozzle pressure (lb/in.2 )
20. Horizon The distance d (in nautical miles) that a person can see
d
(nautical miles)
}
to the horizon is given by the formula d 5 1.17Ï h where h is the 20
Distance
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 259
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
}
with the graph of y 5 Ïx.
} 1 } }
1. y 5 7Ï x 2. y 5 } Ï x 3. y 5 24Ï x
5
y y y
14
3 2
10
26 22 2 6 x
1 22
6
23 21 1 3 x
21 26
2
23 210
26 22 2 6 x
LESSON 11.1
}
Describe how you would graph the function by using the graph of y 5 Ï x.
} } }
4. y 5 Ï x 2 8 5. y 5 Ï x 1 3 6. y 5 Ï x 1 7
Îx 2 }12
}
} }
7. y 5 Ï x 2 5 8. y 5 Ï x 1 3.5 9. y 5
A. y B. y C. y
5 1 5
23 21 1 3 x
3 21 3
21 1 3 5 x 21 1 3 5 x
21 25 21
D. y E. y F. y
5 1 1
x
23 21 21 1 3 5 x
3
1 23 23
23 21 1 3 x
21 25 25
Algebra 1
260 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
}
with the graph of y 5 Ï x.
} } }
16. y 5 Ï x 1 4 2 4 17. y 5 Ï x 1 5 1 1 18. y 5 Ï x 2 6 1 4
y y y
3
6
1
1 2
23 21 1 3 x
21
25 23 21 1 3 x 26 22 2 6 10 x
21 22
23
23 26
LESSON 11.1
} } }
19. y 5 Ï x 2 5 2 7 20. y 5 Ï x 2 1 1 2 21. y 5 Ï x 1 5 2 4
y y y
6 3
3
2 1
1
26 22 2 6 10 x 25 23 21 1 3 x
22 21
23 21 1 3 x
21
26 23
23
22. Box Design You are designing a box with a square base that will hold
x
popcorn. The box must be 9 inches tall. The side length x (in inches) 7
Side length (inches)
1 }
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
23. Steel Pipe The inside diameter d of a steel pipe (in inches)
d
Diameter (inches)
and the weight w of water }in the pipe (in pounds) are related 15
by the function d 5 1.71Ïw. 12
a. Graph the function and identify its domain and range. 9
6
b. What does the water weigh in a pipe with an inside 3
diameter of 17 inches? Round your answer to the 0
nearest pound. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 w
Weight (pounds)
c. What does the water weigh in a pipe with an inside
diameter of 3.5 inches? Round your answer to the
nearest pound.
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 261
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
}
with the graph of y 5 Ï x.
} 3 } }
1. y 5 2.5Ï x 2. y 5 2} Ï x 3. y 5 20.25Ï x
5
y y y
0.75
3 1.8
0.25
1 0.6
23 21 1 3 x
20.25
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 20.6
20.75
23 21.8
LESSON 11.1
}
Describe how you would graph the function by using the graph of y 5 Ï x.
} } 3 }
4. y 5 Ï x 1 2.5 5. y 5 Ï x 2 } 6. y 5 Ï x 1 12
2
Îx 2 }14
}
} } 3
7. y 5 8. y 5 Ï x 1 5.5 9. y 5 Ï x 1 }
4
A. y B. y C. y
1 5 5
1 1
21 1 3 5 x 21 1 3 5 x
D. y E. y F. y
5
5 3
3 1
1
1 3 5 x
1
23 21 1 3 x
21
21 1 3 5 x
Algebra 1
262 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
}
with the graph of y 5 Ï x.
} } }
16. y 5 Ï x 1 6 2 4 17. y 5 2Ï x 2 1 1 5 18. y 5 Ï x 2 3 2 3
y y y
6 6 3
2 2 1
26 22 2 6 x 26 22 2 6 x 21 1 3 5 x
22 22 21
26 26 23
LESSON 11.1
} } }
19. y 5 2Ï x 1 6 1 2 20. y 5 Ï x 2 7 1 8 21. y 5 2Ï x 2 4.5 1 2.5
y y y
10
6 6
6
2 2
2
26 22 2 6 x 22 2 6 10 x
22 22
2 6 10 14 x
26 26
22. Bridge The time t (in seconds) it takes an object dropped from a
t
height h (in meters) to reach the ground is given by the function 2.5
Time (seconds)
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
}
Ï10 } 2.0
t5}
7
Ïh . 1.5
1.0
a. Graph the function and identify its domain and range.
0.5
b. You are on a bridge that passes over a river. It takes about 0
1.5 seconds for a stone dropped from the bridge to reach 0 5 10 15 20 25 h
Height (meters)
the river. About how high is the bridge?
23. Steel Pipe The radius of gyration of a steel pipe is a number
r
Radius of gyration
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 263
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
Vocabulary
A radical expression is an expression that contains a radical, such as a
square root, cube root, or other root.
A radical function involves a radical expression with the independent
variable in the radicand.
If the radical is a square root, then the function is called a square root
function.
The most basic square root function in the family of all square root
}
functions, called the parent square root function, is y 5 Ï x .
LESSON 11.1
}
EXAMPLE 1 Graph a function in the form y 5 aÏ x
}
Graph the function y 5 5Ï x and identify its domain and range. Compare
}
the graph with the graph of y = Ï x .
Solution
x 0 1 2 3 6
STEP 3 Draw a smooth curve through the points. From either the table or the graph,
you can see the range of the function is y ≥ 0.
} }
STEP 4 Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 Ï x . The graph of y 5 5Ï x is a
}
vertical stretch (by a factor of 5) of the graph of y 5 Ï x .
Algebra 1
264 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
}
EXAMPLE 2 Graph a function in the form y 5 Ï x 1 k
}
Graph the function y 5 Ï x 22 and identify its domain and range.
}
Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 Ï x .
Solution
To graph the function, make a table, plot the y
points, and draw a smooth curve through the
3 y5 x
points. The domain is x ≥ 0.
1
x 0 1 2 3 4
5 x
y 21
22 21 20.6 20.3 0 y5 x22
LESSON 11.1
}
The range is y ≥ 22. The graph of y 5 Ï x 2 2 is
a vertical translation (of 2 units down) of the graph
}
of y 5 Ï x .
}
EXAMPLE 3 Graph a function in the form y 5 aÏx 2 h 1 k
}
Graph the function y 5 3Ï x 1 2 2 4.
Solution
}
STEP 1 Sketch the graph of y 5 3Ï x . y
10 y53 x
STEP 2 Shift the graph h units horizontally
and k units vertically. Notice that 6
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
} }
y 5 3Ï x 1 2 2 4 5 3Ï x 2 (22) 1 (24).
So, h 5 22 and k 5 24. Shift the graph (0, 0) y53 x1224
left 2 units and down 4 units. 26 22 2 6 10 x
(22, 24)
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 265
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
11.1 For use with pages 734–741
In Exercises 1–5, graph the function and identify its domain and range.
}
Compare the graph with the graph of y 5 Ï x .
}
1. y 5 Ï 6 2 x
}
2. y 5 2Ï 2x
}
3. y 5 2Ï 1 2 x
}
Ï}2 x 1 2
1
4. y 5
}
5. y 5 Ï 2 2 x 1 3
In Exercises 6–10, write a rule for a radical function that has the
given properties.
LESSON 11.1
6. The domain is all real numbers greater than or equal to 2. The range is all real
numbers greater than or equal to 1.
7. The domain is all real numbers less than or equal to 4. The range is all real numbers
greater than or equal to 0.
8. The domain is all real numbers greater than or equal to 0. The range is all real
numbers less than or equal to 1.
9. The domain is all real numbers less than or equal to 5. The range is all real numbers
less than or equal to 3.
10. The domain is all real numbers greater than or equal to 21. The range is all real
numbers greater than or equal to 0.
Algebra 1
266 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Activity Support Master
11.2 For use with page 742
Value of Value of
Values of
Î}ba
}
Ïa }
a and b }}
Ïb
a 5 4, b 5 16
LESSON 11.2
a 5 9, b 5 25
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a 5 36, b 5 4
a 5 4, b 5 49
Value of Value of
Values of
Î}ba
}
Ïa }
a and b }
}
Ïb
a 5 1, b 5 2
a 5 3, b 5 8
a 5 12, b 5 7
a 5 6, b 5 11
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 267
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
11.2 For use with pages 742–750
Name the value of 1 that you would multiply the radical expression by to
rationalize the denominator.
1 3 1
13. }} 14. }} 15. }}
Ï23 Ï10 Ï 5x
Î
}
A
is given by the function r 5 }
π
.
a. The drum head on a conga drum has an area of 16π square inches. Find the
diameter of the drum head.
b. The drum head on a bongo has an area of 9π square inches. Find the diameter
of the drum head.
Algebra 1
268 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
11.2 For use with pages 742–750
Î
}
Î1681
}
Î}495
}
x2
10. } 11. 12. }
144
Î503 Î}759
} }
4
13. } } 14. } 15.
Ï5
2 1 9
16. } } 17. }} 18. }}
Ïp Ï3y Ï2x
25. Water Flow You can measure the speed of water by using an
L-shaped tube. The speed V of the water (in miles per hour) is h
Î5
}
given by the function V 5 }2 h where h is the height of the V
LESSON 11.2
column of water above the surface (in inches).
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a. If you use the tube in a river and find that h is 6 inches, what is the speed of the
water? Round your answer to the nearest hundredth.
b. If you use the tube in a river and find that h is 8.5 inches, what is the speed of
the water? Round your answer to the nearest hundredth.
26. Walking Speed The maximum walking speed S (in feet per second) of an animal
}
is given by the function S 5 Ï gL where g is 32 feet per second squared and L is
the length of the animal’s leg (in feet).
a. How fast can an animal whose legs are 9 inches long walk? Round your answer
to the nearest hundredth.
b. How fast can an animal whose legs are 3 feet long walk? Round your answer to
the nearest hundredth.
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 269
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
11.2 For use with pages 742–750
Î
}
Î
}
} } 121 5d 2
7. Ï27xy p Ï5y 3
8. }2
16m
9. }
125
Î
}
Î
}
Î
}
5 7m5 125
10. } 11. } 12. }3
8 11 4x
Î
}
} 2 } } } 250m3
16. (3Ï12 1 5) 17. (8Ï3 1 Ï2 )(1 2 Ï3 ) 18. }
2n
}
5 2 4Ï 10 2 }2 4 5
19. } } 1 }} 20. } } } 21. } } 1 } }
Ï7 Ï 14 Ï30 Ï3 Ïx 2Ïx
Î}PR
}
22. Electricity Current, power, and resistance are related by the formula I 5
where I is the current (in amps), P is the power (in watts), and R is the resistance
(in ohms).
LESSON 11.2
a. A light bulb with a 283-ohm resistor is using 0.42 amp of current. What is the
wattage of the light bulb? Round your answer to the nearest whole watt.
Î hw
}
A5 }
3131
where h is the height (in inches) and w is the weight (in pounds).
a. Find the body surface area of a person who is 5 feet 5 inches tall and weighs
110 pounds. Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a square meter.
b. Find the body surface area of a person who is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs
120 pounds. Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a square meter.
Algebra 1
270 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
11.2 For use with pages 742–750
Vocabulary
A radical expression is in simplest form if the following conditions
are true:
• No perfect square factors other than 1 are in the radicand.
• No fractions are in the radicand.
• No radicals appear in the denominator of a fraction.
The process of eliminating a radical from an expression’s denominator
is called rationalizing the denominator.
Solution
} }
a. Ï 28 5 Ï 4 p 7 Factor using perfect square factor.
} }
5 Ï4 p Ï7 Product property of radicals
}
5 2Ï 7 Simplify.
} }}
b. Ï50y 3 5 Ï25 p 2 p y2 p y Factor using perfect square factors.
LESSON 11.2
} } } }
5 Ï 25 p Ï 2 p Ï y 2 p Ï y Product property of radicals
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
}
5 5y Ï 2y Simplify.
Solution
} } }
a. Ï 2 p Ï 18 5 Ï 2 p 18 Product property of radicals
}
5 Ï36 Multiply.
56 Simplify.
} } }
b. 5Ï 2xy p Ï 32y 5 5Ï 2xy p 32y Product property of radicals
}
5 5Ï64xy 2 Multiply.
} } }
55Ï 64 p Ï x p Ï y 2 Product property of radicals
}
5 40yÏ x Simplify.
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 271
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
11.2 For use with pages 742–750
Î1725 5 ÏÏ1725
} }
a. } }
} Quotient property of radicals
}
Ï17
5}
5
Simplify.
Î
} }
4 Ï4
b. }2 5 }} Quotient property of radicals
49y Ï49y 2
2
5}
7y
Simplify.
Ï
}
Ï
} } } } 5 2x 2
5. Ï 5 p Ï 10 6. Ï 3x p Ï 15xy 7. } 8. }2
81 9y
3Ï 6x
5}
} Product property of radicals
Ï36x 2
Algebra 1
272 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
11.2 For use with pages 742–750
of d feet above the ground decides to model the velocity by the equation v 5 }
c
where v is the velocity in feet per second, c is a constant measuring the coefficient of drag
caused by the air resistance of the skydiver, and h is the height of the skydiver above the
ground in feet.
6. Suppose a skydiver jumps from a height of 10,000 feet wearing a normal jumpsuit
1
with a coefficient of drag c 5 }2. What is the velocity of the skydiver, in miles per
hour, when the skydiver is 1000 feet above the ground? Round your answer to the
nearest tenth.
7. Suppose a skydiver jumps from a height of 10,000 feet wearing a low drag
LESSON 11.2
1
jumpsuit with a coefficient of drag c 5 }4 . What is the velocity of the skydiver
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
when the skydiver is 1000 feet above the ground? Round your answer to the
nearest tenth.
8. Suppose two skydivers, Ann and Bob, jump simultaneously from two different
planes. Ann jumps from a height of 12,000 feet wearing a jumpsuit with a
1
coefficient of drag c 5 }3 . Bob is wearing a jumpsuit with a coefficient of drag
3
c 5 }4 . Ann and Bob both plan to open their parachutes at a height of 2000 feet.
From what height should Bob jump if he wants his velocity to be the same as Ann’s
velocity when they open their parachutes? Round your answer to the nearest foot.
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 273
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Practice
11.2 For use with pages 751–752
Î
}
5y 6
4. Î3 } 3 }
2 ? Î232 5. 3
} 6. }
3}
40 Ï72
4 12 3} 3}
7. }
3} 8. }
3} 9. 7Ï x 2 5Ï x
Ï2 Ï29
3} 3} 3 3} } 3} 3}
10. Ï128 2 4Ï2 11. 3Ï p 1Ï 27p 12. Ï254 1 3Ï2
3} 3} 3} 3} 3} 3}
13. Ï 2z 2 Ï z 14. Ï3 1 4 1 Ï9x 2 15. Ï 22 1 2 1 Ï 4 2
3 } 3 } 3} 3} 3 } 3 }
16. 1Ï 32 1 4 21 Ï2 2 1 2 17. Ï 25 1 4 2 Ï 225 2 18. 1Ï 8 1 2 21 Ï 28 2 2 2
x 2 3}
22. Challenge Solve the equation }
3} 1 3}
}
Ï3 Ï23 1 2 Ï281 5 3.
FOCUS ON 11.2
Algebra 1
274 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery
11.2 For use with pages 751–752
Key Concepts
The Product Property of Cube Roots states that the cube root of a
product equals the product of the cube roots.
The Quotient Property of Cube Roots states that the cube root of
a quotient equals the quotient of the cube roots of the numerator and
denominator.
When rationalizing a denominator, multiply by a form of 1 that will
make the radicand in the denominator a perfect cube.
You can use the distributive property to simplify sums and differences
of cube roots when the expressions have the same radicand.
FOCUS ON 11.2
3}
Ïa
5}
22
Simplify.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Î648x
}
3} 3} 3} }
1. Ï16 p Ï32 2. 3
} 3. Ï 4 p Ï
3
2y
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 275
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery continued
11.2 For use with pages 751–752
3} 3} 3} 3}
b. Ï81 2 2Ï3 5 Ï3 p 27 2 2Ï3 Factor using perfect cube factor.
3} 3}
5 3Ï 3 2 2Ï 3 Product property of cube roots
3}
5 (3 2 2)Ï3 Distributive property
3}
5 Ï3 Simplify.
LESSON
Practice A
11.3 For use with pages 7532758
} 2 }
26. (x 1 1)2 5 (Ï 1 2 3x ) 27. (Ï4x 2 3 )2 5 (x 2 2)2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
31. Free-Falling Object The velocity v of a free-falling object (in feet per second),
the height h in which it falls (in feet), and the acceleration
}
due to gravity, 32 feet
per second squared, are related by the function v 5 Ï 64h .
a. Find the height from which a tennis ball was dropped if it hits the ground with
a velocity of 32 feet per second.
b. How much higher than the ball in part (a) was a tennis ball dropped from if it
LESSON 11.3
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 277
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
11.3 For use with pages 7532758
Describe the steps you would use to solve the equation. Do not
solve the equation.
} }
7. Ï 7x 1 3 2 5 5 2 8. 6Ï 4 2 x 2 3 5 1
} } } }
9. Ï 12x 2 7 5 Ï 9x 1 3 10. 10Ï 6 2 x 5 2Ï x 1 4
} } }
11. Ï 5x 2 3 2 Ï 10 2 4x 5 0 12. Ï 9x 1 1 2 2 5 x
5p
r 5 Î}
}
2A 3
t . 6 ft
The length of a side (radius) of the top view of the awning shown at the right
5π
is 6 feet and the angle that is formed by the awning is }3
. Find the area of the
awning. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth.
Algebra 1
278 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
11.3 For use with pages 7532758
Describe how you would solve the equation. Do not solve the equation.
} } }
1. 1 1 Ï x 1 6 5 13 2. 15 2 Ï 2x 1 2 5 13 3. 4 2 2Ï 1 2 4x 5 26
Î}32 x 2 1
}
} } } }
4. 6Ï 5x 1 3 2 5 5 2 5. Ï 10 2 6x 5 6. Ï 3 2 2x 2 Ï 2 1 4x 5 0
} } } }
7. 6Ï 5 2 2x 5 3Ï 5x 2 2 8. x 1 1 5 Ï 3 2 2x 9. x 1 Ï 1 2 3x 5 25
Î}14 x 2 5 2 Îx 2 9 5 0
}
} } } }
16. Ï 4x 2 3 2 Ï 6x 2 11 5 0 17. 18. Ï 8 2 6x 5 3x
} } }
19. 2x 5 Ï 11x 1 3 20. Ï 3x 1 6 5 x 2 4 21. x 1 3 5 Ï 2x 1 21
} } } } } }
22. Ï x 1 3 5 Ï x 1 12 23. 4 2 Ï x 2 3 5 Ï x 1 5 24. Ï 4x 1 3 1 Ï 4x 5 3
26. Speed of Sound The speed of sound near Earth’s surface depends on the
temperature.
}
The speed v (in meters per second) is given by the function
v 5 20Ï t 1 273 where t is the temperature (in degrees Celsius).
a. A friend is throwing a tennis ball against a wall 200 meters from you. You hear
the sound of the ball hitting the wall 0.6 second after seeing the ball hit the wall.
What is the temperature? Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
b. The temperature 2273°C is called absolute zero. What is the speed of sound at
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
this temperature?
27. Pendulum The period T (in seconds) of a pendulum is the time it takes for the
pendulum to swing back and forth. The period is related to the length L (in inches)
Î
}
L
of the pendulum by the model T 5 2π }
384
.
a. Find the length of a pendulum with a period of 2 seconds. Round your
L
answer to the nearest tenth.
b. What is the length of a pendulum whose period is double the period of the
pendulum in part (a)? Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
LESSON 11.3
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 279
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
11.3 For use with pages 7532758
Vocabulary
An equation that contains a radical expression with a variable in the
radicand is a radical equation.
Squaring both sides of the equation a 5 b can result in a solution of
a2 5 b2 that is not a solution of the original equation. Such a solution
is called an extraneous solution.
Solution
}
16Ï x 2 4 5 0 Write original equation.
}
16Ï x 5 4 Add 4 to each side.
} 4
Ïx 5 } Divide each side by 16.
16
} 1
Ïx 5 } Simplify.
4
2
1
142
}
1 Ï x 22 5 } Square each side.
1
x5} Simplify.
Î
}
1 1
16 }
16
2400 Substitute }
16
for x.
16 p 1 }4 2 2 4 0 0
1
Simplify.
LESSON 11.3
Algebra 1
280 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
11.3 For use with pages 7532758
Solution
}
3Ïx 1 2 1 17 5 32 Write original equation.
}
3Ïx 1 2 5 15 Subtract 17 from each side.
}
Ïx 1 2 5 5 Divide each side by 3.
}
1 Ïx 1 2 22 5 52 Square each side.
x 1 2 5 25 Simplify.
x 5 23 Subtract 2 from each side.
The solution is 23.
CHECK To check the solution using a graphing
calculator, first
}
rewrite the equation so that on one
side is 0: 3Ï x 1} 2 2 15 5 0. Then graph the related
equation y 5 3Ï x 1 2 2 15. You can see that the
graph crosses the x-axis at x 5 23.
X=23 Y=0
Solution
} }
Ïx 1 3 5 Ï3x 2 5 Write original equation.
} }
1 Ï x 1 3 22 5 1 Ï 3x 2 5 22 Square each side.
x 1 3 5 3x 2 5 Simplify.
22x 1 3 5 25 Subtract 3x from each side.
22x 5 28 Subtract 3 from each side.
x54 Divide each side by 22.
The solution is 4. Check the solution.
LESSON 11.3
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 281
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
11.1–11.3
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 7342758
Algebra 1
282 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
11.3 For use with pages 7532758
In Exercises 1–5, write a radical equation that has the given solutions.
1. The solutions are 1 and 2.
1 3 1
5. The solutions are 2}, }, and }.
2 2 2
In Exercises 6–15, write a radical equation that has the given solution(s)
and the given extraneous solution(s).
6. 1 is a solution; 23 is an extraneous solution.
LESSON 11.3
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 283
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
11.4 For use with pages 760–766
1. 2. 3.
z m n
x
r
t
p
y
Let a and b represent the lengths of the legs of a right triangle, and let c
represent the length of the hypotenuse. Find the unknown length.
4. 5. b53 6. a55
c
a52 a51
c
b53
c
b54
7. a 5 6, b 5 4 8. a 5 3, b 5 7 9. a 5 5, b 5 5
3 2
x x
x 2 5
4 2
Tell whether the triangle with the given side lengths is a right triangle.
16. 3, 3, 9 17. 12, 16, 20 18. 6, 9, 12
20 in.
20. Table Top Soccer The top of a soccer table is in the shape
of a rectangle. If the tabletop measures 60 inches by 42 in.
42 inches, what is the length of the diagonal from one
corner of the table to the opposite corner? Round your
answer to the nearest tenth. 60 in.
Algebra 1
284 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
11.4 For use with pages 760–766
Let a and b represent the lengths of the legs of a right triangle, and let c
LESSON 11.4
represent the length of the hypotenuse. Find the unknown length.
1. a 5 1, b 5 5 2. b 5 4, c 5 9 3. a 5 6, b 5 6
4. b 5 7, c 5 12 5. a 5 2, b 5 8 6. a 5 6, b 5 30
7. a 5 4, b 5 15 8. b 5 7, c 5 11 9. a 5 10, b 5 20
16. A right triangle has one leg that is 3 inches longer than the other leg. The hypotenuse
}
is Ï65 inches. Find the lengths of the legs.
Tell whether the triangle with the given side lengths is a right triangle.
17. 4, 5, 6 18. 15, 20, 25 19. 9, 15, 20
20. Shuffleboard The playing bed of a shuffleboard table is in the shape of a 20 in.
rectangle. If the playing bed measures 154 inches by 20 inches, what is the
length of the diagonal from one corner of the playing bed to the opposite 154 in.
corner? Round your answer to the nearest inch.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
22. Badminton You are setting up a badminton net. To keep each pole
standing straight, you use two ropes and two stakes as shown. How
long is each piece of rope? Round your answer to the nearest tenth. 8 ft
4.5 ft
4.5 ft
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 285
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
11.4 For use with pages 760–766
Let a and b represent the lengths of the legs of a right triangle, and let c
LESSON 11.4
Tell whether the triangle with the given side lengths is a right triangle.
16. 4.5, 6, 7.5 17. 15, 60, 61 18. 12, 71, 72
19. Guy Wire A tower that is being constructed will be 30 feet tall.
The correct length of the guy wire that will help tether the tower
should be 39 feet long. If the correct length wire is used, how far
away from the tower should the guy wire be attached to the ground?
20. Shortest Route You are traveling from Valmont to Milesburg. 13.5 mi
You can avoid the city traffic by taking the L-shaped route shown. Valmont
If you could travel straight through the city, how many miles
could you save? Round your answer to the nearest mile.
25.75 mi
Milesburg
21. Flag Each wilderness troop at a camping outing has created its own flag. Your
troop’s flag is triangular with side lengths of 15 inches, 18 inches, and 23 inches.
Is the flag a right triangle? Explain.
Algebra 1
286 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
11.4 For use with pages 760–766
LESSON 11.4
Vocabulary
The hypotenuse of a right triangle is the side opposite the right angle.
It is the longest side of a right triangle.
The legs are the two sides that form the right angle.
The Pythagorean theorem states the relationship among the lengths
of the sides of a right triangle.
The Pythagorean Theorem
Words If a triangle is a right triangle, then the sum of the squares
of the lengths of the legs equals the square of the length of the
hypotenuse.
Algebra a 2 1 b 2 5 c 2
Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem
If a triangle has side lengths a, b, and c such that a 2 1 b 2 5 c 2, then
the triangle is a right triangle.
a2 1 b2 5 c2 Pythagorean theorem a
2 2 2
a 1 8 5 12 Substitute 8 for b and 12 for c.
a2 1 64 5 144 Simplify.
a2 5 80 Subtract 64 from each side.
} }
a 5 Ï 80 5 4Ï 5 Take positive square root of each side.
}
The side length a is 4Ï 5 .
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 287
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
11.4 For use with pages 760–766
A right triangle has one leg that is 3 inches shorter than the other leg.
}
The hypotenuse is Ï 29 inches. Find the unknown lengths.
Solution 29
x23
Sketch a right triangle and label the sides with their lengths.
x
Let x be the length of the longer leg.
a2 1 b2 5 c 2 Pythagorean theorem
}
x 1 (x 2 3) 5 1 Ï 29
2 2 22 Substitute.
x 2 1 x 2 2 6x 1 9 5 29 Simplify.
2x 2 2 6x 2 20 5 0 Write in standard form.
2(x 2 5)(x 1 2) 5 0 Factor.
x2550 or x1250 Zero-product property
x55 or x 5 22 Solve for x.
Because the length is non-negative, the solution x 5 22 does not make sense. The legs
have lengths of 5 inches and 5 2 3 5 2 inches.
Tell whether the triangle with the given side lengths is a right triangle.
3. 4, 7, 9 4. 10, 12, 26 5. 33, 180, 183
Algebra 1
288 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
11.4 For use with pages 760–766
In Exercises 1–5, find the values of x so that the given set of values forms
LESSON 11.4
a Pythagorean triple.
1. (x, x 1 1, x 1 2)
2. 1}
x22
2
, x, x 1 1 2
x
3. 1 }2 1 1, x 2 2, x 2
4. (x, x 1 3, x 1 6)
5. 1 x 1 2, }
x12
2
1 10, 2x 2
6. The circumference of a circle with radius 1 can be roughly approximated using the
Pythagorean theorem in the following way. Within the circle of radius 1, draw a
square whose corners just touch the circle.
y
0.25
20.25 0.25 x
Four right triangles with legs of length 1 are formed within the diagram. Use the
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Pythagorean theorem to find the hypotenuse of the triangles, then approximate the
circumference of the circle by the sum of the hypotenuses. Round your answer to
the nearest tenth.
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 289
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
11.5 For use with pages 767–774
Match the pair of points with the expression that gives the distance
between the points.
1. (26, 3), (24, 2) 2. (6, 23), (24, 2) 3. (6, 23), (4, 22)
}} }} }}
A. Ï(24 2 6)2 1 (2 1 3)2 B. Ï(4 ⫺ 6)2 1 (22 ⫹ 3)2 C. Ï(24 1 6)2 1 (2 2 3)2
Use the coordinate plane to estimate the distance between the two points.
Then use the distance formula to find the distance between the points.
4. y (3, 3) 5. y (4, 1) 6. y
3 1 3
(23, 2)
21 1 3 5 x
1 21 1
23 1 3 x 23 1 3 x
21 23
LESSON 11.5
13. (1, 4), (10, b); d 5 15 14. (5, 2), (21, b); d 5 6 15. (b, 6), (3, 22); d 5 8
Find the midpoint of the line segment with the given endpoints.
19. Bus Stop A student is taking the bus home. The student can get
off at one of two stops, as shown on the map. The distance between y Stop 2
consecutive grid lines represents 0.5 mile.
2.5
a. Find the distance between stop 1 and home. Round your answer
to the nearest hundredth. 1.5
b. Find the distance between stop 2 and home. Round your answer
0.5 Home
to the nearest hundredth. Stop 1
c. Which distance is shorter? By how much? 0.5 1.5 2.5 x
20. Sales Use the midpoint formula to estimate the sales of a company in 2000,
given the sales in 1995 and 2005. Assume that the sales followed a linear pattern.
Algebra 1
290 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
11.5 For use with pages 767–774
4. (0, 4), (8, 22) 5. (25, 3), (1, 2) 6. (1, 26), (22, 4)
7. (8, 27), (4, 23) 8. (210, 22), (6, 5) 9. (21, 28), (25, 22)
Find the midpoint of the line segment with the given endpoints.
LESSON 11.5
16. (2, 5), (4, 12) 17. (27, 2), (210, 14) 18. (29, 25), (7, 214)
19. (8, 28), (3, 5) 20. (20, 5), (30, 25) 21. (211, 7), (8, 23)
Use the distance formula and the converse of the Pythagorean theorem to
determine whether the points are vertices of a right triangle.
22. (1, 1), (4, 4), (1, 4) 23. (6, 0), (6, 4), (2, 4) 24. (22, 1), (3, 5), (6, 22)
25. (6, 4), (21, 22), (24, 3) 26. (5, 3), (4, 22), (10, 2) 27. (2, 24), (2, 23), (6, 1)
28. Walking Trail A walking trail follows the path shown on the
y
map. The distance between consecutive grid lines is 1 mile. 5
Find the total distance of the trail from start to finish. Round Stop 2
your answer to the nearest mile. Stop 3
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Finish Stop 1
21 Start 3 5 x
21
30. Reading You have 30 days left to read the books on your summer reading list. As
of today, you have read 5 books. By the end of the 30 days, you have to have read
12 books. Assume that the books are all approximately the same length and you read
at a relatively constant pace. After 15 days, how many books should you have read?
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 291
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
11.5 For use with pages 767–774
4. (211, 24), (9, 22) 5. (4, 215), (22, 10) 6. (1.5, 6), (1.5, 22)
7. (4.1, 6), (5.1, 17) 8. 1 }12, 8 2, 1 }32, 5 2 9. 1 2}13, }23 2, 1 }53, }13 2
The distance d between two points is given. Find the value of b.
} } }
10. (7, b), (21, 3); d 5 2Ï 17 11. (4, 22), (b, 9); d 5 5Ï 5 12. (b, 1), (22, 8); d 5 5Ï 2
} } }
13. (9, 25), (b, 6); d 5 Ï 290 14. (28, b), (1, 23); d 5 3Ï 10 15. (10, 210), (b, 22); d 5 2Ï 65
Find the midpoint of the line segment with the given endpoints.
LESSON 11.5
16. (214, 3), (10, 24) 17. (211, 26), (16, 22) 18. (105, 2214), (97, 45)
19. (3.5, 8), (4, 10.5) 20. (7.25, 21.5), (2.25, 22) 21. (28.4, 3.5), (22.6, 4.5)
Use the distance formula and the converse of the Pythagorean theorem to
determine whether the points are vertices of a right triangle.
22. (1, 24), (5, 6), (22, 3) 23. (22, 4), (5, 3), (0, 21) 24. (2, 1), (6, 23), (25, 1)
25. (22, 23), (4, 3), (3, 28) 26. (4, 22), (2, 3), (23, 1) 27. (7, 21), (26, 3), (29, 27)
28. Treasure Hunt You set up a treasure hunt with the items placed
y
according to the map shown. The distance between consecutive 1000
grid lines is 200 feet. Basket
Book
a. Which two objects are closest together? What is the distance
between these two objects? Round your answer to the
Algebra 1
292 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
11.5 For use with pages 767–774
Vocabulary
The Distance Formula
The distance d between any two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is
}}
d 5 Ï (x2 2 x1)2 1 (y2 2 y1)2 .
The midpoint of a line segment is the point on the segment that is
equidistant from the endpoints.
The Midpoint Formula
The midpoint M of the line segment with endpoints A(x1, y1) and
x 1x y 1y
1 2
LESSON 11.5
1 2 1 2
B(x2, y2) is } 2
,} 2
.
Solution
Let (x1, y1) 5 (3, 22) and (x2, y2) 5 (22, 4).
}}
d 5 Ï (x2 2 x1)2 1 ( y2 2 y1)2 Distance formula
}}}
5 Ï (22 2 3)2 1 [4 2 (22)]2 Substitute.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
}} }
5 Ï (25)2 1 (6)2 5 Ï 61 Simplify.
}
The distance between the points is Ï 61 units.
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 293
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
11.5 For use with pages 767–774
Solution
}
Use the distance formula with d 5 Ï52 . Let (x1, y1) 5 (4, 1) and (x2, y2 ) 5 (a, 23).
Then solve for a.
}}
d 5 Ï (x2 2 x1)2 1 ( y2 2 y1)2 Distance formula
} }}
Ï52 5 Ï(a 2 4)2 1 (23 2 1)2 Substitute.
} }}
Ï52 5 Ïa2 2 8a 1 16 1 16 Multiply.
LESSON 11.5
} }}
Ï52 5 Ïa2 2 8a 1 32 Simplify.
52 5 a2 2 8a 1 32 Square each side.
0 5 a2 2 8a 2 20 Write in standard form.
0 5 (a 2 10)(a 1 2) Factor.
a 2 10 5 0 or a1250 Zero-product property
a 5 10 or a 5 22 Solve for a.
The value of a is 10 or 22.
Solution
Let (x1, y1) 5 (7, 21) and (x2, y2) 5 (5, 7).
x1 1 x2 y1 1 y2
1}
2 2 2 1 2
,} 5 }, } 2 2
7 1 5 21 1 7
Substitute.
5 (6, 3) Simplify.
The midpoint of the line segment is (6, 3).
Algebra 1
294 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
11.4–11.5
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 760–774
LESSON 11.5
friend? (Hint: Draw a diagram on a
b. Find the midpoint of each side of the
grid.)
triangle.
b. You and your friend want to meet for
c. Join the midpoints to form a new
lunch. Where should you meet so that
triangle. Find the length of each of its both of you hike the same minimum
sides. distance? How far do you have to
d. Compare the perimeters of the two hike?
triangles.
6. Short Response You have just planted a
2. Multi-Step Problem A rescue helicopter new tree. To support the tree in bad weather,
and an ambulance are both traveling from you attach guy wires from the trunk of the
the scene of an accident to the hospital. The tree to stakes in the ground. You cut 25 feet
distance between consecutive grid lines of wire into four equal lengths to make the
represents 1 mile. guy wires. You attach the four guy wires so
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
LESSON
Challenge Practice
11.5 For use with pages 767–774
In Exercises 1–10, find the values of a and b to fit the given conditions.
1
1 2
1. (2, a) is the midpoint of 3, 2} and (1, 3a).
a
1
1 2
3. (23, 2a) is the midpoint of 1, } and (b, 24a).
a
1 2 Ï}
3 5013
1
2a 1 2
8. The distance between }, 3 and 22, } is
4a 400
units.
}
9. The distance between (6, 22) and (3, a) is Ï 13 units.
12. How far apart are the two rangers when the hiker is found?
13. How long must the first ranger wait after finding the hiker until the second ranger is
within radio communication distance? Round your answer to the nearest minute.
Algebra 1
296 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Chapter Review Game
11 For use after Chapter 11
Word Search
Use the clues at the bottom of the page to find and circle the vocabulary
words from Chapter 11 in the puzzle. Words can be found forward,
backward, upward, downward, and diagonal.
F R A T I O N A L I Z I N G
L L A S E F S H Q N K P M S
X E X D I S T A N C E F C I
P A G T I F A H F I N R O M
O U F S M C M J C M A U N P
N Y M D I D A H G U E E J L
E R I W D R P L K Y R K U E
M T D A P I L Q B A O M G S
E C P E O S E U U K G V A T
R K O X I T F Q R Q A R T F
O Z T D N A S N P O H S E O
E S Z R T C T C Y A T A S R
H P E S U N E T O P Y H I M
T R I P L E U F I Z P L X N
J W Q P S U O E N A R T X E
1. Eliminating a radical from the denominator 2. Side opposite the right angle of a triangle
of an expression is called _______
the denominator.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
3. The point on a line segment that is 4. A group of integers a, b, and c that represent
equidistant from the endpoints the side lengths of a right triangle is called
a Pythagorean _______.
}
5. y 5 Ï x is a _______ root function. 6. A function involving a radical expression
with the independent variable in the radicand
is called a _______ function.
} } }}
7. The expressions 3 1 Ï 5 and 3 2 Ï 5 8. d 5 Ï (x2 2 x1)2 1 ( y2 2 y1)2 represents
CHAPTER REVIEW GAME
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book 297
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter
12 For use with Chapter 12
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Chapter Overview One way you can help your student succeed in Chapter 12
is by discussing the lesson goals in the chart below. When a lesson is completed, ask your
student the following questions. “What were the goals of the lesson? What new words and
formulas did you learn? How can you apply the ideas of the lesson to your life?”
12.1: Model Inverse Variation Write and graph inverse variation • Theater
equations. • Bicycles
• Sports
12.2: Graph Rational Functions Graph rational functions. • Trip Expenses
• Team Sports
• Charity Events
12.3: Divide Polynomials Divide polynomials. • Printing Costs
Focus on Operations Use synthetic division to divide • Movie Rentals
polynomials. • Membership Fees
12.4: Simplify Rational Simplify rational expressions. • Cell Phone Costs
Expressions • Television
• Car Radios
12.5: Multiply and Divide Multiply and divide rational • Advertising
Rational Expressions expressions. • Vehicles
Focus on Operations Simplify complex fractions. • Consumer Spending
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
12.6: Add and Subtract Add and subtract rational • Boat Travel
Rational Expressions expressions. • Canoeing
• Driving
12.7: Solve Rational Equations Solve rational equations. • Paint Mixing
• Ice Hockey
• Running Times
In Chapter 12, you will apply the key ideas listed in the Chapter Opener (see page 789)
and reviewed in the Chapter Summary (see page 859).
1. Graphing rational functions
2. Performing operations on rational expressions
3. Solving rational equations
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 299
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Family Letter continued
12 For use with Chapter12
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Key Ideas Your student can demonstrate understanding of key concepts by working
through the following exercises with you.
Lesson Exercise
12.1 A public pool plans to hire lifeguards for the summer season. The work time t (in
hours per person) varies inversely with the number g of lifeguards hired. They
estimate that they will need 20 lifeguards working 170 hours each to meet their
needs. Find the total work time per lifeguard if the pool hires 25 lifeguards.
12.2 4
Graph y 5 }
x13
2 2.
12.3 Divide 6x 2 2 x 2 12 by 3x 1 4.
12.5 3x 2 2 9x x17
Find the quotient }
2
4}
2
.
x 1 3x 2 18 x 1 5x 2 6
4x
Focus on }
3
Operations Simplify the complex fraction }3 .
28x
4x 1 5 2x 2 3
12.6 Find the sum of }
2
1}
2
.
x 29 x 29
12.7 5x 5
Directions Compare the cost of a season pass and additional expenses, such as
parking and food, for a local amusement park or other summer attraction, to a per
usage cost of the same attraction. Write an equation that gives the average cost C per
use as a function of the number of times n you use the attraction. Graph the equation.
How many times must you go for the season pass to save you money?
x 29 2
12.6: } 12.7: x 5 7 26
6x 1 2
6x x24 x17 22
Focus on Operations:2}2 12.4: } ; 4 12.5: } x 22 26
1 7x 3x(x 2 1)
2
12.3: 2x 2 3 Focus on Operations: 2x2 2 3x 1 4 y
12.1: 136 h 12.2:
Answers
Algebra 1
300 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia
12 Usar con el Capítulo 12
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Vistazo al capítulo Una manera en que puede ayudar a su hijo a tener éxito en
el Capítulo 12 es hablar sobre los objetivos de la lección en la tabla a continuación.
Cuando se termina una lección, pregúntele a su hijo lo siguiente: “¿Cuáles fueron los
objetivos de la lección? ¿Qué palabras y fórmulas nuevas aprendiste? ¿Cómo puedes
aplicar a tu vida las ideas de la lección?”
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 301
Nombre —————————————————————— Fecha ———————————
CAPÍTULO
Carta para la familia continúa
12 Usar con el Capítulo 12
CHAPTER SUPPORT
Ideas clave Su hijo puede demostrar la comprensión de las ideas clave al hacer los
siguientes ejercicios con usted.
Lección Ejercicio
12.1 Una piscina comunitaria piensa emplear unos salvavidas para el verano. El tiempo
de trabajo t (en horas por persona) varía inversamente con el número g de
salvavidas que se emplean. Se calcula que se necesitarán 20 salvavidas trabajando
170 horas para satisfacer las necesidades. Halla el total del tiempo trabajado por
salvavidas si se emplean 25 salvavidas.
12.2 4
Grafica y 5 }
x13
2 2.
12.5 3x 2 2 9x x17
Halla el cociente de }
2
4}
2
.
x 1 3x 2 18 x 1 5x 2 6
4x
Enfoque en las }
3
operaciones Simplifica la fracción compleja }3 .
28x
4x 1 5 2x 2 3
12.6 Halla la suma de }
2
1}
2
.
x 29 x 29
Algebra 1
302 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Activity Support Master
12.1 For use with page 790
LESSON 12.1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 303
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
23 y
4. x 5 } 5. xy 5 8 6. } 5 9
y x
7. x 5 11y 8. 2x 1 y 5 8 9. y 5 13x
A. y B. y C. y
6 9
LESSON 12.1
2 3 3
x
22 2 6 x 29 23 3 23 3 9 x
22 23
29
Graph the inverse variation equation. Then find the domain and range of
the function.
22 8 11
13. y 5 } 14. y 5 } 15. y 5 }
x x x
y y y
3 6 9
23 21 1 3 x 26 22 2 6 x 29 23 3 9 x
21 22 23
23 26 29
210 29 7
16. y 5 } 17. y 5 } 18. y 5 }
x x x
y y y
9 9 6
3 3 2
29 23 3 9 x 29 23 3 9 x 26 22 2 6 x
23 23 22
29 29 26
Algebra 1
304 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
Given that y varies inversely with x, use the specified values to write an inverse
variation equation that relates x and y. Then find the value of y when x 5 2.
LESSON 12.1
Tell whether the table represents inverse variation. If so, write the inverse
variation equation.
28. 29.
x 0 1 2 3 4 x 24 22 2 4 8
y 0 3 6 9 12 y 0.5 1 21 20.5 20.25
In Exercises 30 and 31, tell whether the variables in the situation described
have direct variation, inverse variation, or neither.
30. Bike Ride You are riding your bike at an average speed of 14 miles per hour.
The number of miles you ride d during t hours is given by d 5 14t.
31. Earning Money You want to find out how many hours you need to work at your job to
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
earn $500. The number of hours h you have to work at pay rate p is given by ph 5 500.
32. Volunteer Work Every spring, a volunteer group plants flowers to beautify
different areas of a city. The planting time t (in hours per person) varies inversely
with the number p of people volunteering. The group estimates that 20 people
working for 200 hours can get all of the flower beds planted.
a. Write an inverse variation equation that relates t and p.
b. Find the total amount of time it will take if 32 people
volunteer to plant.
33. Walking You are walking to a bookstore that is 3 miles from s
your home. Write and graph an equation that relates your
Walking speed (mi/hour)
8
walking speed s (in miles per hour) and the time t (in hours) 7
that it takes for you to get to the bookstore. Is the equation 6
an inverse variation equation? Explain. 5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t
Time (hours)
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 305
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
28 y
4. x 5 } 5. xy 5 14 6. } 5 13
y x
9
7. 2x 1 y 5 8 8. 3y 5 } 9. 4x 2 4y 5 0
x
Graph the inverse variation equation. Then find the domain and range of
the function.
10. xy 5 12 11. xy 5 26 12. xy 5 7
y y y
LESSON 12.1
9 6
3 2 2
x
23 3 9 x 26 22 2 22 2 6 x
23 22 22
26
28 15 14
13. y 5 } 14. y 5 } 15. y 5 }
x x x
y y y
6 12 12
2 4 4
x
26 22 2 24 4 12 x 4 12 x
26
29 212 5
16. y 5 } 17. y 5 } 18. y 5 }
x x x
y y y
6
3 3 2
x x
29 23 3 29 23 3 22 2 6 x
23 23 22
29 29
Algebra 1
306 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
Given that y varies inversely with x, use the specified values to write an inverse
variation equation that relates x and y. Then find the value of y when x 5 2.
Tell whether the table represents inverse variation. If so, write the inverse
variation equation.
31. 32.
x 2 4 6 8 10 x 25 24 1 2 10
LESSON 12.1
y 11 21 31 41 51 y 24 25 20 10 2
33. 34.
x 10 23 25 28 50 x 210 29 26 25 24
y 160 368 400 448 800 y 21.8 22 23 23.6 24.5
35. Catalog Orders A clothing company allows customers to place orders on the
Internet or by phone. The orders must be entered into the computer inventory
system. The amount of time t needed to enter 1000 orders varies inversely with
the number p of people working. The company estimates that 10 people
can enter 1000 orders in 240 minutes.
a. Write an inverse variation equation that relates t and p.
b. Find the time needed to enter 1000 orders if 20 people are working.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
c. Find the time needed to enter 1000 orders if 8 people are working.
36. Volume and Pressure The volume V of a gas at a constant temperature varies
inversely with the pressure P. When the volume is 125 cubic inches, the pressure
is 20 pounds per cubic inch.
a. Write the inverse variation equation that relates P and V.
b. Find the pressure of a gas with a volume of 250 cubic inches.
37. Running Every other day, weather permitting, you run 5 miles. s
Average speed (mi/hour)
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 307
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
27 y
4. x 5 } 5. xy 5 22 6. } 5 4.5
y x
7. x 5 24 8. 8x 2 8y 5 0 9. 5xy 5 30
Graph the inverse variation equation. Then find the domain and range of
the function.
10. xy 5 0.75 11. xy 5 23 12. 2xy 5 14
y y y
LESSON 12.1
3 6
1
1 2
21 1 x 23 21 1 3 x 26 22 2 6 x
21 22
21
23 26
211 20 24
13. y 5 } 14. y 5 } 15. y 5 }
x x x
y y y
9 15 3
3 5 1
29 23 3 9 x 215 25 5 15 x 23 21 1 3 x
29 215 23
1.5 20.2 13
16. y 5 } 17. y 5 } 18. y 5 }
x x x
y y y
3 1.2 12
1 0.4 4
23 21.2 212
Algebra 1
308 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
Given that y varies inversely with x, use the specified values to write
an inverse variation equation that relates x and y. Then find the value
of y when x 5 2.
19. x 5 17, y 5 23 20. x 5 212, y 5 212 21. x 5 26, y 5 7
Tell whether the table represents inverse variation. If so, write the inverse
variation equation.
31. 32.
LESSON 12.1
x 232 220 216 210 25 x 2 4 20 25 40
y 20.5 20.8 21 21.6 23.2 y 25 22.5 20.5 20.4 20.25
33. Radio Waves The frequency f in hertz (vibrations per second) of a radio wave varies
inversely with the wavelength w (in meters per vibration). When the frequency is
2.336 3 105 hertz, the wavelength is 1.28 meters.
a. Write the inverse variation equation that relates f and w.
b. What is the frequency when the wavelength is 2.92 meters?
34. Saving Money You plan to save the same amount of money each month so that
you can afford a season pass to a local ski area. One season pass costs $400.
a. Let a represent the amount of money that you plan to save each month.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Complete the table that gives the number m of months that you need to
save money for different values of a. Describe how the number of months
changes as the amount of money you save each month increases.
7
c. Write the equation that relates a and m.
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 100 200 300 400 a
Amount saved each month
(dollars)
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 309
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
Vocabulary
a
The variables x and y show inverse variation if y 5 }x and a Þ 0.
Solution
1
a. xy 5 }
5
Write original equation.
1
y5}
5x
Divide each side by x.
Algebra 1
310 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
STEP 1 Make a table by choosing several integer values of x and finding the values of
y. Then plot the points. To see how the function behaves for values of x closer
to 0 and farther from 0, make a second table for such values and plot the points.
y
x 26 23 21 0 1 3 6 12
y 21 22 26 undefined 6 2 1
4
LESSON 12.1
y 20.5 20.6 210 212 12 10 0.6 0.5
STEP 2 Connect the points in Quadrant I by drawing a smooth curve through them.
Repeat for the points in Quadrant III.
Both the domain and the range of the function are all real numbers except 0.
Solution
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a
a. Because y varies inversely with x, the equation has the form y 5 } .
x
Use the fact that x 5 4 and y 5 22 to find the value of a.
a
y 5 }x Write inverse variation equation.
a a
22 5 }4 Substitute 4 for x and 22 for y in y 5 }x .
28 5 a Multiply each side by 4.
28
An equation that relates x and y is y 5 }
x
.
28 4
b. When x 5 210, y 5 } 5 } .
210 5
LESSON
Challenge Practice
12.1 For use with pages 790–798
3. u and w 4. u and z
LESSON 12.1
5. v and z 6. y and u
7. w and x 8. v and w
Algebra 1
312 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
22 6 10 x 210 22 2 x 1 x
22 22
26 26
Identify the domain and range of the function from its graph.
4. y 5. y 6. y
9 6 6
3 2
2 x 2 x
23 3 9 15 x
23 22 22
29 26 26
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Then compare the
1
graph with the graph of y 5 } .
x
4 1 25
LESSON 12.2
7. y 5 } 8. y 5 } 9. y 5 }
x 3x x
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
y y y
6 1 6
1
2 2
3
26 22 2 6 x 21 1 1 1 x 26 22 2 6 x
22 2 22
3 3
26 21 26
1 1 1
10. y 5 } 1 4 11. y 5 } 2 2 12. y 5 }
x x x16
y y y
10 1 6
23 21 1 3 x
6 21 2
210 26 22 x
2 23 22
26 22 2 6 x
22 25 26
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 313
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A continued
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
A. x 5 3, y 5 2 B. x 5 2, y 5 3 C. x 5 23, y 5 22
y y y
6 5 2
210 26 22 2 x
2 3 22
26 22 2 6 x
22 1 26
23 21 1 3 x
26 21 210
25. Football Hall of Fame Your football team is planning a bus trip
LESSON 12.2
C
to the Pro Football Hall of Fame. The cost for renting a bus is 175
Cost (dollars/person)
26. Prom It’s prom season and a florist has orders for
f
400 boutonnieres and corsages. Currently, 3 people are 175
flowers per person
Average number of
Algebra 1
314 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
Identify the domain and range of the function from its graph.
1. y 2. y 3. y
6 6 2
215 29 23 3 x
2 2 22
22 2 6 x 22 2 6 x
22 22 26
26 26 210
4. y 5. y 6. y
215 29 23 3 x
22 2
2 6 x
26 2
26 2 x
210 22 26
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Then compare the
1
graph with the graph of y 5 } .
x
8 1 23
7. y 5 } 8. y 5 } 9. y 5 }
x 6x 2x
y y y
6
1
LESSON 12.2
2 1
x
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
22 2 6 x 1 x 23 21 1
22 21
23
1 1 1
10. y 5 } 2 7 11. y 5 } 1 10 12. y 5 }
x x x24
y y y
3
23 21 1 3 x
22
1
26
6 10 x
21
2
23
23 21 1 3 x
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 315
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B continued
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
22 2 6 10 x
21 26
23 21 1 3 x
25. Baseball Hall of Fame Your baseball team is planning a bus trip
C
to the National Baseball Hall of Fame. The cost for renting a bus 140
Cost (dollars/person)
is $515, and the cost will be divided equally among the people 120
who are going on the trip. One admission costs $14.50. 100
80
a. Write an equation that gives the cost C (in dollars per person)
LESSON 12.2
60
of the trip as a function of the number p of people going on
40
the trip.
26. Fundraiser A pizza shop makes pizzas that organizations sell for n
Average number of pizzas
fundraisers. One organization has placed an order for 450 pizzas. 140
Currently, 4 people are scheduled to put together the pizzas. 120
The owner of the shop hopes to call in some extra workers to 100
complete all of the pizzas. 80
60
a. Write an equation that gives the average number n of pizzas
40
made per person as a function of the number p of extra 20
workers that can come in and help complete the work. 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 p
b. Graph the equation.
Number of extra workers
c. If 2 people come in to help out, what is the average number
of pizzas made person?
Algebra 1
316 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
Graph the function and identify its domain and range. Then compare the
1
graph with the graph of y 5 } .
x
21 4 25
1. y 5 } 2. y 5 } 3. y 5 }
8x 5x 3x
y y y
3 3
1
1 1
21 1 x 23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21
21
23 23
22 7 1
4. y 5 } 5. y 5 } 6. y 5 } 2 9
3x 2x x
y y y
3 3
26 22 2 6 x
22
1 1
26
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21
210
23 23
1 1 1
7. y 5 } 1 5 8. y 5 } 9. y 5 }
x x26 x18
LESSON 12.2
y y y
10 6 6
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
6 2 2
22 2 6 10 x 210 26 22 x
2 22 22
26 22 2 6 x
22 26 26
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 317
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C continued
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
22 3 24
16. y 5 } 2 4 17. y 5 } 2 2 18. y 5 } 2 4
x24 x16 x12
y y y
2 2
2
22 2 6 10 x 26 22 2 x
22 22
210 26 22 x
22
26 26
26
210 210
19. Zoo Trip A grade school is taking a trip to the zoo. A parent n
group of 6 people is responsible for putting together 225 box
box lunches per person
35
Average number of
LESSON 12.2
lunches for the trip. The group hopes to recruit extra people for 30
the task. Write an equation that gives the average number n 25
20. Video Games You rent games from a web site for $17.25 per C
Average cost per
rental (dollars)
month. You can rent any number of games per month, but you 4
usually rent at least 4 games per month. 3
2
a. Write an equation that gives the average cost C per rental
1
as a function of the number r of additional rentals beyond 0
4 rentals. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 r
Number of additional
b. Graph the equation from part (a). Then use the graph to rentals
approximate the number of additional rentals needed per
month so that the average cost is $2.25.
Algebra 1
318 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
Vocabulary
A rational function has a rule given by a fraction whose numerator
and denominator are polynomials and whose denominator is not 0.
1
EXAMPLE 1 Graph y 5 } 1k
x
1
Graph y 5 } 2 2 and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
x
1
with the graph of y 5 } .
x
LESSON 12.2
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
1
EXAMPLE 2 Graph y 5 }
x2h
1
Graph y 5 } and identify its domain and range. Compare the graph
x24
1
with the graph of y 5 } .
x
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 319
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
a
EXAMPLE 3 Graph y 5 } 1 k.
x 2h
5
Graph y 5 } 2 2.
x13
Solution
Algebra 1
320 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
12.2 For use with pages 799–808
a 1
7. f has the form f(x) 5 } 1 c; f has a vertical asymptote at x 5 };
ax 1 b 7
13
f has a horizontal asymptote at y 5 1; f (1) 5 } .
LESSON 12.2
6
6
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 321
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Graphing Calculator Activity Keystrokes
12.3 For use with pages 818 and 819
10 ENTER 2 ENTER (�) 1 ENTER 1 (�) 10 EXE 10 EXE 2 EXE (�) 1 EXE
ZOOM 6 TRACE x 2
� 9 ) EXE SHIFT F3 F3 EXIT
F6 SHIFT F1
Use the arrow keys to identify the asymptotes.
Use the arrow keys to identify the asymptotes.
Algebra 1
322 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
12.3 For use with pages 810–817
Divide.
4. (9x 3 2 6x 2 1 18x) 4 3x 5. (14x 3 1 21x 2 2 28x) 4 7x
6. (16x 4 2 16x 3 2 24x 2) 4 8x 7. (20x 4 2 5x 2 1 10x) 4 5x
8. (22x 3 1 6x 2 1 4x) 4 (22x) 9. (4x 3 2 16x 2 1 20x) 4 (24x)
11. (x 2 2 3x 2 10) 4 (x 1 5) B. x 1 5
30
12. (x 2 1 3x 2 10) 4 (x 2 2) C. x 2 8 1 }
x15
Divide.
13. (x 2 1 10x 1 24) 4 (x 1 6) 14. (x 2 2 2x 2 15) 4 (x 1 3)
15. (x 2 2 7x 1 6) 4 (x 2 1) 16. (x3y2 1 3x2y 1 2xy) 4 xy
to see the sights. A local rental store offers mopeds for $20 an
hour (dollars)
50
hour plus a $5 gasoline fill-up fee. 40
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
30
a. Write an equation that gives the average cost C per hour as
20
a function of the number h of hours you rent the moped.
0
b. Graph the equation. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 h
Number of hours rented
18. Car Dealer The number of sports cars that a dealer sells per
R
sold to total cars sold
0.178
where t is the number of years since 1995. The total number 0.176
of cars sold by the dealer can be modeled by C 5 24t 1 120. 0.174
0.172
a. Use long division to find a model for the ratio R of
0.170
the number of sports cars sold to the total number
LESSON 12.3
0.168
of cars sold.
0
b. Graph the model. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t
Years since 1995
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 323
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
12.3 For use with pages 810–817
Divide.
1. (18x 3 2 24x 2 1 12x) 4 6x 2. (25x 3 1 15x 2 2 30x) 4 (25x)
3. (22x 4 2 18x 2 1 6x) 4 (22x) 4. (x 2 1 6x 1 5) 4 (x 1 5)
5. (5x 2 1 7x 2 6) 4 (x 1 2) 6. (4x 2 1 x 2 5) 4 (x 2 1)
7. (6x 2 1 22x 2 8) 4 (x 1 4) 8. (4x 2 1 x 2 8) 4 (x 2 2)
9. (10x3y4 1 4x2y 2 2xy) 4 2xy 10. (24a5b 1 16a4b2 2 8a3b) 4 8a3b
15. Juice Bar Between 1995 and 2004, the number D of drinks
Ratio of fruit drinks sold
1.8
D 5 4t 1 18 where t is the number of years since 1995. 1.5
The number F of drinks (in thousands) made from fruit juice 1.2
rather than vegetable juice can be modeled by F 5 2t 1 32. 0.9
LESSON 12.3
Algebra 1
324 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
12.3 For use with pages 810–817
Divide.
1. (45x 4 2 60x 2 1 30x) 4 15x 2. (96x 3 2 64x 2 2 24x) 4 (28x)
3. (7x 2 1 2x 2 5) 4 (x 2 2) 4. (9 2 3x 2 x 2) 4 (1 2 x)
5. (22 2 4x 1 3x 2) 4 (x 2 4) 6. (6x 1 x 2 1 5) 4 (3 1 x)
7. (8x 1 x 2 2 3) 4 (2 2 x) 8. (9x 2 2 4) 4 (3x 1 1)
9. (15x8y5 2 3x6y4 2 2x2y2) 4 3x2y 10. (56a5b4 1 14a3b3 2 9a4b2) 4 7a3b2
24
mile (dollars)
R
Ratio of walking shoes
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 325
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
12.3 For use with pages 810–817
5 23x2 1 2x 1 4 Simplify.
23x2 1 2x 1 4
25x qww
15x3 2 10x2 2 20x
(15x3 2 10x2 2 20x) 4 (25x) 5 23x2 1 2x 1 4
CHECK 25x(23x2 1 2x 1 4) 0 15x3 2 10x2 2 20x
Algebra 1
326 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
12.3 For use with pages 810–817
2
(16y 2 2 7) 4 (3 1 4y) 5 4y 2 3 1 }
4y 1 3
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 327
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
12.3 For use with pages 810–817
7. p(x) 4 (x 2 1 3x 2 5) 5 x 2 1 6x 1 1
5
8. p(x) 4 (2x 2 1 1) 5 3x 1 1 1 }
2x 2 11
2x 2 1
9. p(x) 4 (x 3 1 x 1 1) 5 x 2 1 5 1 }
x3 1 x 1 1
x3 1 x2 1 x 1 1
10. p(x) 4 (x 4 1 1) 5 1 1 }}
x4 1 1
Algebra 1
328 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Practice
12.3 For use with pages 820–821
FOCUS ON 12.3
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 329
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery
12.3 For use with pages 820–821
Vocabulary
Synthetic division is a convenient method to use when dividing a
polynomial by a binomial of the form x 2 k where k is a constant.
Synthetic division is derived from polynomial long division but uses
only the value of k and the coefficients of the dividend.
Solution
12
(2x3 1 6x2 2 8x 2 12) 4 (x 2 2) 5 2x2 1 10x 1 12 1 }
x22
FOCUS ON 12.3
Algebra 1
330 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery continued
12.3 For use with pages 820–821
Solution
STEP 1 Write the value of k from the divisor and the coefficients of the dividend in
order of descending exponents.
K
VALUE COEFFICIENTS
STEP 2 Bring down the leading coefficient. Multiply the leading coefficient by the
k-value. Write the product under the second coefficient. Add.
STEP 3 Multiply the previous sum by the k-value, and write the product under the
next coefficient. Add. Repeat for all of the remaining coefficients.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
STEP 4 Identify the quotient and remainder from the bottom row. The quotient is
x2 1 3x 2 3, and the remainder is 0.
(x3 1 6x2 1 6x 2 9) 4 (x 1 3) 5 x2 1 3x 2 3
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 331
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
12.4 For use with pages 822–828
8x 15 10
1. } 2. } 3. }
24 4x x26
24 1 5
4. } 5. } 6. }
x13 2x 2 2 8x 2 16
8 5 21
7. } 8. } 9. }
3x 1 6 2x 2 1 3x 1 2
x26 10x
20. } 21. }2
x 2 2 36 x 2 100
23. School Enrollment The total enrollment (in thousands) of students in public
schools from kindergarten through college from 1996 to 1999 can be modeled
by E 5 465t 1 56,780 where t is the number of years since 1996. The total
enrollment (in thousands) of students in public schools from kindergarten
through grade 8 can be modeled by K 5 245t 1 32,800.
a. Write a model for the ratio R of the number of enrollments in kindergarten
through grade 8 to the total number of enrollments.
b. Simplify your model from part (a).
Algebra 1
332 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
12.4 For use with pages 822–828
LESSON 12.4
14 28 5x
1. } 2. } 3. }
3x x25 x 1 10
2x 3x x11
4. } 5. } 6. }
4x 2 8 7x 1 21 3x 1 7
x16 8 7x
7. }2
8. }} 9. }2
x 2 2x 1 1 x 2 1 4x 2 12 x 2 25
Write and simplify a rational expression for the ratio of the perimeter to
the area of the given figure.
16. Square 17. Rectangle 18. Triangle
2x 2x 1 1 2x 1 1
8x 2x
x15 2x 1 2
8x
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
20. Materials Used The material consumed M (in thousands of pounds) by a plastic
injection molding machine per year between 1995 and 2004 can be modeled by
8t 2 1 66t 1 70
M 5 }}
2 (3 2 0.2t 1 0.1t )(t 1 7)
where t is the number of years since 1995. Simplify the model and approximate the
number of pounds consumed in 2000.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 333
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
12.4 For use with pages 822–828
2x 12 5x 2
1. }} 2. } 3. }}
3x 2 1 11x 2 4 2
8x 2 3x 2 5 2
x 2 14x 1 49
a 5x 1 1
13. The expression }} simplifies to } . What is the value of a?
15x 2 1 13x 1 2 3x 1 2
Explain how you got your answer.
3x 2 1
14. Find two polynomials whose ratio simplifies to } and whose sum is
5x 1 1
8x 2 1 24x. Describe your steps.
15. Gazebo You have drawn up a preliminary plan for a gazebo that x13
you want to build in your backyard. Your plan for the base is to
x x
use two identical trapezoids as shown at the right. x21
a. Write a rational expression for the ratio of the perimeter to
the area of the floor of the gazebo. 2x 1 4
out in 2001. 6
5
c. Graph the model. Describe how the number of flyers sent
4
out changed over time. 3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t
Years since 1995
Algebra 1
334 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
12.4 For use with pages 822–828
LESSON 12.4
Vocabulary
A rational expression is an expression that can be written as a
ratio of two polynomials.
A rational expression is undefined when the denominator is 0.
A number that makes a rational expression undefined is called
an excluded value.
A rational expression is in simplest form if the numerator and
denominator have no factors in common other than 1.
c. The expression }
x2 1 2x 2 15
or (x 2 3)(x 1 5) 5 0.
The solutions of the equation are 3 and 25. The excluded values
are 3 and 25.
12
d. The expression } is undefined when 5x2 1 2x 1 7 5 0.
5x2 1 2x 1 7
The discriminant is b2 2 4ac 5 22 2 (4)(5)(7) < 0. So, the qua-
dratic equation has no real roots. There are no excluded values.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 335
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
12.4 For use with pages 822–828
Solution
x2 1 4x 2 21 (x 1 7)(x 2 3)
} 5 }} Factor numerator and denominator.
2
x 2 5x 1 6 (x 2 2)(x 2 3)
(x 1 7)(x 2 3)
5 }} Divide out common factors.
3x2 5x 1 10
7. } 8. }
2
2x 1 6 3x 1 6x
x2 1 13x 1 42 4x2 1 20x 1 25
9. }}
2
10. }}
x 2 2x 2 63 2
4x 2 25
Algebra 1
336 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
12.1–12.4
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 791–828
LESSON 12.4
1. Multi-Step Problem The number N 5. Short Response The table shows
(in thousands) of people attending private the relationship between the density
colleges in the United States during the D (in kilograms per cubic meter) and
period 1995–2001 can be modeled by the volume V (in liters) of a substance
3176 2 124x in a rectangular prism container.
N5}
1 2 0.056x
Density D (kg/m3) Volume V (L)
where x is the number of years since 1995.
a. Rewrite the model so that it has only 1.4 10
whole number coefficients. Then 2 7
simplify the model.
b. Approximate the number of people 3.5 4
attending private colleges in 2000. 14 1
2. Multi-Step Problem The amount S
a. Explain why the density and the
(in millions of dollars) of federal budget
volume are inversely related. Then
outlays for Social Security and the amount
write an equation that relates the
O (in millions of dollars) of federal budget
density and the volume.
outlays in the United States during the
period 1994–2001 can be modeled by b. Suppose that only the height of the
container can be changed. Describe
S 5 15x 1 320 and O 5 55x 1 1455 how the density changes as the height
where x is the number of years since 1994. increases.
a. Write and simplify a rational model 6. Gridded Response A rectangular garden
for the percent p (in decimal form) of has an area of 6x 2 1 7x 2 20 and a width
federal budget outlays that were for of 2x 1 5. What is the length of the garden
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
LESSON
Challenge Practice
12.4 For use with pages 822–828
6x 2 2 ax 2 5 2x 1 1
1. Find the value of a so that }} 5} .
9x 2 2 3ax 1 10 3x 2 2
LESSON 12.4
2
26x 1 (b 1 10)x 1 20 2x 1 4
2. Find the value of b so that }} 5} .
2
18x 2 bx 2 5 3x 2 1
x 3 2 5x 2 1 cx 2 5 x2 1 1
3. Find the value of c so that }}3 2 5} .
x 2 5x 2 cx 1 5 x2 2 1
x 4 1 x 3 1 dx 2 1 x 1 1 x2 1 x 1 1
4. Find the value of d so that }}}
4 3 2 5} .
x 2 5x 1 (d 1 1)x 2 5x 1 2 x 2 2 5x 1 2
x 3 1 2x 2 2 x 2 e x11
5. Find the value of e so that }} 5} .
x 3 2 3x 1 e x21
p(x) 2x 2 1
6. Find the expressions for p(x) and q(x) so that } 5 } and
q(x) 4x 2 1
p(x) 1 q(x) 5 3x 2 1 5x 1 2.
p(x) x11
8. Find the expressions for p(x) and q(x) so that } 5 } and
q(x) x15
p(x) 1 q(x) 5 3x 4 1 x 2 2 2.
Algebra 1
338 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
12.5 For use with pages 830–837
10. }
x13
p}
x22 5x 1 5 x 2 1 5x 1 6
11. } p }
x 1 2 x 2 2 4x 1 3
12. } p }
LESSON 12.5
x 2 2 2x x 2 1 4x 1 3 x13 x11 x 2 3 x 2 1 6x 1 8
19. Model Cars You want to create a display box that will hold 5x
your model cars. You want each section of the box to be 5 inches
by 3 inches and you want the box’s dimensions to be related
as shown. Write and simplify an expression that you can use
to determine the number of sections you can have in the 4x
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
display box.
3 in.
5 in.
20. Total Cost The cost C (in dollars) of producing a product from 1995 to 2004
can be modeled by
10 1 3t
C5}
80 2 t
where t is the number of years since 1995. The number N (in hundreds of
thousands) of units made each year from 1995 to 2004 can be modeled by
160 2 2t
N5}
11 2 t
where t is the number of years since 1995.
a. Write a model that gives the total production cost T.
b. Approximate the total production cost in 2000.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 339
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
12.5 For use with pages 830–837
x12 x 2 1 11x 1 18 x 2 1 4x x 2 1 x 2 12
14. } 4 }} 15. } 4 }
3x 2 3 x21 4x x23
2x 1 10 4x 2 2x 2 14
16. }2
4} 2 17. }} 4 (x 1 3)
x 2 25 2x 2 10x x 2 2 4x 2 21
19. Profit The total profit P (in millions of dollars) earned by a company from 1995 to
2004 can be modeled by
3500 1 500t
P5}
98 2 t
where t is the number of years since 1995. The number N (in hundreds of thousands)
of units sold can be modeled by
(t 1 7)(3000 2 20t)
N 5 }}
490 2 5t
where t is the number of years since 1995. Write a model that gives the profit earned
per unit per year. Then approximate the profit per unit in 2002.
Algebra 1
340 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
12.5 For use with pages 830–837
LESSON 12.5
9. } 4 }} 10. } 4 }
52x x13 5x 3 1 20x 2 10x 2 40
17. Snow Tires The average amount C (in dollars) of money spent per snow tire and
the number N of snow tires bought by an auto body shop from 2000 to 2004, can
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
be modeled by
t 1 80 500(t 1 20)
C5}
1 2 0.05t
and N 5 }
t 1 80
where t is the number of years since 2000. Write a model that gives the total
amount A spent by the shop each year on snow tires. Then approximate the
amount spent in 2003.
18. Drive-in Movies The average monthly revenue R (in dollars) from admissions
at a drive-in theater and the average price p (in dollars) per car from 1988 to 2000
can be modeled by
13,124 1 3122t 294 1 7t
R 5 }}
26 2 t
and p5}
130 2 5t
where t is the number of years since 1988.
a. Write a model that gives the average number x of cars admitted per month
to the theater.
b. Graph the model on a graphing calculator and describe how the number of
cars admitted changed over time.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 341
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
12.5 For use with pages 830–837
x13
5} Simplify.
2(x 2 5)
Algebra 1
342 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
12.5 For use with pages 830–837
LESSON 12.5
8(x 2 2)
5}
x14
Simplify.
5x2 2 10x
5 }} Multiply numerators and denominators.
2 (4x 1 12)(x 2 2)
5x(x 2 2)
5 }} Factor and divide out common factors.
2
4(x 1 3)(x 2 2)
5x
5} Simplify.
2
4(x 1 3)
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 343
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
12.5 For use with pages 830–837
Algebra 1
344 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Practice
12.5 For use with pages 838–839
22x8
}
2x 2 3 3x4
4. } 5. } 5 6. }
2x 8x 3
2x
} }
4 4x
4x2
}
5 5 x2 2 9
7. } 8. } 9. }
22x 2
215x x23
}
FOCUS ON 12.5
}3 x13
x
x2 1 4x x3 1 3x2
4 } }
2
x 2 16 3x 2 9 x 2 3x
10. } 2 11. }2
12. } 2
x 14 x 2 16 x 29
}
2
x –4
1
}
1 2
16. Are the complex fractions } and } equivalent? Explain your answer.
2
}
3
3
a2 2 b2 a2 2 b2
} }
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
a2b a+b
17. Challenge Are the complex fractions } and } equivalent? Explain your
a+b a2b
answer.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 345
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery
12.5 For use with pages 838–839
Vocabulary
A complex fraction is a fraction that contains a fraction in its
numerator, denominator, or both. To simplify a complex fraction,
divide its numerator by its denominator.
Key Concept
Simplifying a Complex Fraction
Let a, b, c and d be polynomials where b Þ 0, c Þ 0, and d Þ 0.
FOCUS ON 12.5
a
}
b a c a d
Algebra }
c 5 } 4 } 5 } p }c
} b d b
d
x
}
2 x x x 3 3x 3
Example }
x 5 }2 4 }3 5 }2 p }x 5 }
2x
5 }2
}
3
x2 2 4 x12
b. } 5 (x2 2 4) 4 } Write fraction as quotient.
x12
}
x22
x22
x22
5 (x2 2 4) 3 }
x12
Multiply by multiplicative inverse.
(x2 2 4) • (x 2 2)
5 }}
x12
Multiply numerators and denominators.
(x 1 2)(x 2 2)(x 2 2)
5 }}
x12
Factor and divide out common factor.
5 (x 2 2)2 Simplify.
Algebra 1
346 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
FOCUS ON
Review for Mastery continued
12.5 For use with pages 838–839
FOCUS ON 12.5
3x2 2 6x
}
2
x 2 4x 1 4 3x2 2 6x x3 2 9x
} 5}
2
÷}
x13
Write fraction as quotient.
x3 2 9x x 2 4x 1 4
}
x13
3x2 2 6x x13
5}
2
•}
3
Multiply by multiplicative inverse.
x 2 4x 1 4 x 2 9x
(3x2 2 6x)(x 1 3)
5 }}
2 3
Multiply numerators and denominators.
(x 2 4x 1 4)(x 2 9x)
3x(x 2 2)(x 1 3)
5 }}} Factor and divide out common factors.
(x 2 2)(x 2 2)x(x 1 3)(x 2 3)
3
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
5 }} Simplify.
(x 2 2)(x 2 3)
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 347
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
12.6 For use with pages 840–847
4 3 4 5
20. } 1 } 21. } 1 }
x x14 x22 x17
LESSON 12.6
Algebra 1
348 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
12.6 For use with pages 840–847
3x 2 4 7x 2 3 2x 1 4 x21
5. } 1 } 6. } 2}
2
x 29 x2 2 9 3x 2 3x 2
1 8 3 4x
11. } , } 2
12. } ,}
2
x 2 5x x 2 3x 2 10 x 2 1 5x 1 4 x 2 1 2x 1 1
LESSON 12.6
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
22. Paddle Boat You paddle boat 8 miles upstream (against the current) and 8 miles
downstream (with the current). The speed of the current is 1 mile per hour.
a. Write an equation that gives the total travel time t (in hours) as a function of
your average speed r (in miles per hour) in still water.
b. Find your total travel time if your average speed in still water is 3 miles per hour.
c. How much faster is your total travel time if you increased your average speed in
still water to 3.5 miles per hour? Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
23. Bike Ride You bike 50 miles from home. On your way back home, your average
speed increases by 3 miles per hour.
a. Write an equation that gives the total biking time t (in hours) as a function of
your average speed r (in miles per hour) when you are biking away from home
b. Find the total biking time if you bike away from your home at an average speed
of 15 miles per hour. Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
c. How much longer is your total biking time if you bike away from your home at
an average speed of 12 miles per hour?
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 349
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
12.6 For use with pages 840–847
1 2
x x25 4x 7
1
13. 4 } 2 5 }
x12 2
x11 1 2 14. 6 } 1 }
x23 x 2 1 5x 2 24
x22 4x 5 x13 2x 2 1 3x 1 1 x 2 1 3x 1 2
15. }} 1} p}
x11 x16
16. } 2 }} 4 }
x23
x 2 1 10x 1 24 x27 x2 2 9
c25
17. Suppose that a 5 4b 2 b 2 and b 5 }. Write a in terms of c.
3c 1 4
LESSON 12.6
18. Inline Skating You inline skate 10 miles from the beginning of a trail. On your way
Algebra 1
350 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
12.6 For use with pages 840–847
Vocabulary
The least common denominator (LCD) of two or more rational
expressions is the product of the factors of the denominators of the
rational expressions with each common factor used only once.
LESSON 12.6
Find the sum or difference.
x13 x22 5x 1 7 2x 2 9
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
1. }1} 2. }2}
7x 7x 3x 2 4 3x 2 4
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 351
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
12.6 For use with pages 840–847
11 15 11 p 4x3 15 p 3
}2 1 }5 5 } 1} Rewrite fraction using LCD,
12x 16x2 3 5
12x p 4x 16x p 3
48x5.
44x3 45
5 }5 1 }5 Simplify numerator and
48x 48x
denominator.
44x3 1 45
5}5 Add fractions.
48x
12 4x
} 2 } 5 }} 2 }}
x12 x23 (x 1 2)(x 2 3) (x 2 3)(x 1 2)
Rewrite fraction using LCD,
(x + 2)(x 2 3).
Algebra 1
352 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Problem Solving Workshop:
12.6
Worked Out Example
For use with pages 840–847
PROBLEM Driving Beth drives 135 miles to another city. On the drive back home, her average
speed decreases by 9 miles per hour. Write an equation that gives the total driving
time t (in hours) as a function of her average speed r (in miles per hour) when driving
to the city. Then find the total driving time if she drives to the city at an average speed
of 45 miles per hour.
STEP 2 Make a Plan Use what you know to write and solve an equation.
135 135
STEP 3 Solve the Problem An equation to represent the situation is t 5 }
r
1}
r29
135 135
where }
r is the time to drive to the other city and }
r29
is the time to drive
back home. Find the sum of the expressions.
135(r 2 9) 135r
t5}
r(r 2 9)
1}
r(r 2 9)
Rewrite fractions using the LCD, r(r 2 9).
270r 2 1215
5} Add fractions and simplify.
LESSON 12.6
r(r 2 9)
Calculate the value of t when r 5 45.
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
PRACTICE 1. What If? Suppose in the example that 2. Boat Travel A boat travels 25 kilome-
on the drive back home, Beth’s average ters against the current and 25 kilome-
speed decreases by 15 miles per hour ters with the current. The speed of the
because of construction. Write an current is 5 kilometers per hour. Write
equation that gives the total driving an equation that gives the total travel
time t (in hours) as a function of her time t (in hours) as a function of the
average speed r (in miles per hour) boat’s average speed r (in kilometers
when driving to the city. Find the total per hour) in still water. The boat’s speed
travel time if her average driving speed in still water is 15 kilometers per hour.
to the city is 45 miles per hour. Find the total travel time.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 353
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
12.6 For use with pages 840–847
2u 2 1
2. w 5 } and u 5 x 2 1 1
u2 1 5
u11 x11
3. w 5 } and u 5 }
u12 x21
u2 1 1 x23
4. w 5 } and u 5 }
u2 2 1 x12
2x 1 1
5. w 5 u 2 2u 2, u 5 3 1 5v, and v 5 }
x21
Billy and Mark are painting a fence together. Working alone, it would take Billy 60 hours
to paint the fence. Working alone, it would take Mark x hours to paint the fence.
6. Let y represent the fraction of the fence that is painted after t hours by Billy and
Mark working together. Write y as a function of t and x.
7. If Mark working alone can paint the fence in 45 hours, then how long would it take
Billy and Mark working together to paint the fence?
8. If working together Billy and Mark can paint the fence in 30 hours, then how long
would it take Mark to paint the fence alone?
LESSON 12.6
9. If working together Billy and Mark can paint the fence in 20 hours, then how long
Algebra 1
354 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice A
12.7 For use with pages 848–854
Identify the excluded values for the rational expressions in the equation.
5x x14 1 x12 1
1. } 5 0 2. } 5 } 3. } 5}
x26 x 1 10 x14 x2 2 9 x23
19. Rain It has rained 3 of the last 8 days. How many consecutive days does it have to
rain in order for the percent of the number of rainy days to be raised to 75%?
20. Field Goal Average A field goal kicker has made 25 out of 40 attempted field goals
so far this season. How many consecutive field goals must he make to increase his
average to at least 0.680?
21. Paint Mixing You have a 4-pint mixture of paint that is made up of equal amounts
of blue paint and red paint. To create a certain shade of purple, you need a paint
mixture that is 60% blue.
a. Let p represent the number of pints of blue paint that you have to add. Write an
expression for the number of pints of blue paint that will be in the new mixture.
LESSON 12.7
Write an expression for the total number of pints of blue and red paint that will
be in the new mixture.
b. Use your expressions from part (a) to write an equation that represents a paint
mixture that is 60% blue.
c. How many pints of blue paint do you need to add?
d. How many total pints of paint are there in the new mixture?
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 355
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice B
12.7 For use with pages 848–854
19. Stain Mixing You are staining a coffee table you just made. After testing some
sample pieces of wood, you decide that you want a mix of a yellow stain and a red
stain. You estimate that you want a mix that contains 75% of the yellow stain. You
only have 1 pint that is made up of equal parts of the stain. How many pints of the
yellow stain do you have to add to the current mixture?
20. Wallpaper Working together, an expert wallpaper hanger and an assistant can
1
Assistant }
x
3 ?
LESSON 12.7
Expert ? 3 ?
b. Explain why the sum of the expressions in the last column must be 1.
c. Write a rational equation that you can use to find the amount of time it takes
the assistant to wallpaper the room alone. Then solve the equation.
Algebra 1
356 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Practice C
12.7 For use with pages 848–854
24
16. Let a and b be real numbers. The solutions of the equation ax 1 b 5 } 2 1 are
x13
29 and 9. What are the values of a and b?
17. Paint Mixing You have a 6-pint mixture of paint that is made up of equal amounts
of red paint and yellow paint. To create a certain shade of orange, you need a paint
mixture that is 30% red. How many pints of yellow paint do you need to add to
the mixture?
18. Investing Mrs. Jackson invested a total of $4000 in two accounts earning simple
interest at annual rates of r% and (r 1 1)%. After 1 year, she earned $50 in interest
on the first account, and $180 in interest on the second account. How much did Mrs.
Jackson invest in each account?
19. Roofing Working together, an expert roofer and an assistant can complete the roof
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
on a certain building in 24 hours. The expert roofer can roof the building alone in
about three fifths of the time it takes the assistant to roof the building alone. Let x
represent the time (in hours) that the expert can roof the building alone.
a. Copy and complete the table.
Assistant ? 24 ?
LESSON 12.7
b. Explain why the sum of the expressions in the last column must be 1.
c. Write a rational equation that you can use to find the time that the expert can roof
the building alone. Then solve the equation.
d. How long does it take the assistant to roof the building alone?
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 357
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery
12.7 For use with pages 848–854
Vocabulary
A rational equation is an equation that contains rational expressions.
Solution
6 x
}5}
6
Write original equation.
x15
36 5 x2 1 5x Cross products property
0 5 x2 1 5x 2 36 Subtract 36 from each side.
0 5 (x 1 9)(x 2 4) Factor polynomial.
x1950 or x 2 4 5 0 Zero-product property
x 5 29 or x54 Solve for x.
The solutions are 29 and 4.
CHECK If x 5 29: If x 5 4:
6 29 6 4
}0} }0}
29 1 5 6 415 6
2 2
21.5 5 21.5 ✓ }5} ✓
3 3
3x 5 5
} p 2(x 1 5) 2 } p 2(x 1 5) 5 } p 2(x 1 5) Multiply by LCD.
x15 2 x15
3x p 2(x 1 5) 5 p 2(x 1 5) 5 p 2(x 1 5)
LESSON 12.7
}2}5}
x15 2 x15
Multiply. Divide out common
factors.
6x 2 5x 2 25 5 10 Simplify.
x 2 25 5 10 Combine like terms.
x 5 35 Add 25 to each side.
The solution is 35.
Algebra 1
358 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Review for Mastery continued
12.7 For use with pages 848–854
4 16
}125}
x24 2
x 1 x 2 20
4 16
} p (x 2 4)(x 1 5) 1 2 p (x 2 4)(x 1 5) 5 }} p (x 2 4)(x 1 5)
x24 (x 2 4)(x 1 5)
4(x 2 4)(x 1 5) 16(x 2 4)(x 1 5)
}} 1 2(x 2 4)(x 1 5) 5 }}
x24 (x 2 4)(x 1 5)
4(x 1 5) 1 2(x2 1 x 2 20) 5 16
2x2 1 6x 2 20 5 16
2x2 1 6x 2 36 5 0
2(x2 1 3x 2 18) 5 0
2(x 2 3)(x 1 6) 5 0
x 2 3 5 0 or x 1 6 5 0
x 5 3 or x 5 26
The solutions are 26 and 3.
CHECK If x 5 3: If x 5 26:
4 16 4 16
}120} } 1 2 0 }}
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
324 2
3 1 3 2 20 26 2 4 2
(26) 2 6 2 20
22 5 22 ✓ 1.6 5 1.6 ✓
x 1 27
3. }1}5}
x 1 10 5 x 1 10
x 4 11
4. }2} 5 }
x14 2 x22 x 1 2x 2 8
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 359
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSONS
Problem Solving Workshop:
12.5–12.7
Mixed Problem Solving
For use with pages 830–854
Algebra 1
360 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
LESSON
Challenge Practice
12.7 For use with pages 848–854
The octane rating of a gasoline, which is a measure of the gasoline’s tendency to cause
“engine knock” is regulated by many states in the United States. Typically a refinery will
manufacture gasoline in two octane ratings, 87 and 93, and then mix these two octane
levels to make a variety of grades. For example, the mixing of one gallon of 87 octane
gasoline with one gallon of 93 octane gasoline, results in two gallons of 90 octane
gasoline. Suppose a refinery has 100,000 barrels of 87 octane gasoline available and
50,000 barrels of 93 octane gasoline available.
6. If an order comes in for 60,000 barrels of 91 octane gasoline, can the refinery fill
this order? If so, how many barrels of each octane must they mix?
7. If an order comes in for 90,000 barrels of 89 octane gasoline, can the refinery fill
this order? If so, how many barrels of each octane must they mix?
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
8. If an order comes in for 160,000 barrels of 89 octane gasoline, can the refinery fill
this order? If so, how many barrels of each octane must they mix?
9. If an order comes in for 20,000 barrels of 88 octane gasoline and 40,000 barrels of
91 octane gasoline, can the refinery fill this order? If so, how many barrels of each
octane must they mix?
LESSON 12.7
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book 361
Name ——————————————————————— Date ————————————
CHAPTER
Chapter Review Game
12 For use after Chapter 12
Mathematics Terminology
Solve the following exercises. Find the answer at the right of the page.
Place the letter associated with the correct answer on the line with the
exercise number to answer the following question.
a
What is the correct term for the division bar symbol in the expression }?
b
Exercises Answers
4
1. What is the horizontal asymptote of y 5 } 1 2? (U) x 5 9 (S) x 5 2
x25
x13
2. Divide: (12x 2 1 7x 2 10) 4 (3x 2 2) (T) 4x 2 5 (N) }
2x 1 1
x2 2 9
3. Simplify: } (V) y 5 2 (I) 4x 1 5
2x 2 2 5x 2 3
2x 2 1 14x x 2 1 3x 2 4 x(x 1 4)
4. Multiply: } p} 4x 1 28
(E) x 5 5 (C) }
2
x 2 3x 1 2 2(x 2 2)
3x 2 1 12x x 2 1 10x 1 24
5. Divide: }} 4 }} (M) x 5 0 or x 5 2
2
3x 1 14x 2 5 3x 2 1
x21 x15 3x(x 1 4)2(x 1 6)
6. Subtract: }} 2} (K) }}
2
x 1 10x 1 21 x 2 1 3x 2
(x 1 5)(3x 2 1)
x11 x23 3x
7. Solve: } 5 } (U) }}
x24 x26 (x 1 5)(x 1 6)
1 3 213x 2 35
8. Solve: } 1 } 5 2 (L) }}
x21 x11 x(x 1 3)(x 1 7)
Algebra 1
362 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Answers
Lesson 7.1 13. (1, 3) 14. (24, 4)
y y
Practice Level A
3 6
1. yes 2. no 3. yes 4. no 5. no 6. yes
1 2
ANSWERS
7. B 8. A 9. C 10. F 11. E 12. D
23 21 1 3 x 26 2 x
13. (2, 21) 14. (3, 4) 15. (21, 21)
26
16. (4, 2) 17. (2, 23)
y y
15. (2, 25) 16. (23, 0)
5 1
y y
1
21 1 3 5 x
3 21 15
25 23 21 1 x
21
1 23
x
23
21 1 3 5
21 3
25
215 29 3 x
18. (23, 0) 19. (3, 3)
y y
9 17. (25, 3) 18. (22, 24)
y y
3 35
3 1
29 23 3 9 x
29 3 9 x 23 21 1 x
23 21
29
29
2 9
1
26 22 2 6 x 22 6 10 x
22 22
23 21 1 x
21
29 23 9 x
26 26
29
22. between 1995 and 1996; about 1175 thousand
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
14 x 1 y 5 15
12 15
10 1.5x 1 2y 5 26
8 9
6
4 3
2
29 23 9 x
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x
Bottles of apple juice 22. y
Non-blooming annuals
35
3.2x 1 1.5y 5 49.6
8 bottles of apple juice and 7 bottles of orange 30
25
juice 20
15
Practice Level B 10
x 1 y 5 24
5
1. no 2. yes 3. yes 4. no 5. no 6. yes
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 x
7. (3, 25) 8. (21, 4) 9. (22, 2) 10. (4, 22) Blooming annuals
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book A1
Lesson 7.1, continued
32
28
x 1 y 5 27 2
24
22
ANSWERS
20 6 10 x
22
16 0.25x 1 y 5 12
12
8
4
0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 x
16. Sample answer: m 5 1, b 5 24
Outs made by infielders
17. 7
y
c. infielders: 20 outs; outfielders: 7 outs
5 (1, 5)
Practice Level C
1. no 2. yes 3. no 4. yes 5. no 6. yes 3
(22, 2)
7. (6, 1) 8. (28, 4)
y y 23 21 1 x
12 21
3 (4, 21)
1 4
18. 5.5%: $20,000; 6.5%: $25,000
1 3 5 7x 212 4 x
21 24 19. y
Number of umbrellas
35
30 y 5 2t 1 15
25
20
15
9. (5, 25) 10. (23, 5) 10 y 5 22t 1 25
y y 5
1 3 5 x 0
21 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 t
Years since 2000
23 6
mid-2002
25
20. 20% off;
210 22 2 x
22 y
200
y 5 x 2 25
Amount you pay
y y
21 y 5 x 2 0.2x
100
3 (125, 100)
15 50
1
x
1 3 5 0
21 0 50 100 150 200 x
Amount of purchase
(dollars)
23
29 23 3 x
For purchases greater than $125, 20% off is the
13. (5, 6) 14. (29, 2) better deal.
y y
10
Review for Mastery
5 6 1. (21, 1) 2. (2, 4) 3. (24, 22) 4. 60 mi
3 2
x Problem Solving Workshop:
210 26 22 2 Worked Out Example
1 22
Algebra 1
A2 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Lesson 7.1, continued
ANSWERS
110,000
105,000
10. (27, 6) 11. (8, 1) 12. (23, 23)
100,000
3 3 1 2 1
95,000
90,000 1 2 1
13. 1, } 14. 2}, } 15. 2}, }
4 2 2 2
3 3 1 2
85,000
0 16. a 5 25, b 5 22 17. cleanups: 250 hr;
0 2 4 6 8 10 t
Years since 1990
painting: 150 hr 18. x 5 16, y 5 4 19. yes;
The linear system x 1 y 5 8 and x 1 0.5y 5 6.4
7. Hockey: y 5 1200t 1 20,000; Soccer: where x is the amount of soil and y is the amount
y 5 2000t; Baseball: y 5 21000t 1 90,000 of the half and half mix has a solution of x 5 4.8
8. 1975 9. 1980 and y 5 3.2. So 3.2 buckets are needed and there
y y are 4 buckets.
120,000 120,000
100,000 100,000
Review for Mastery
Spectators
Spectators
80,000 80,000
60,000 60,000 1. (2, 24) 2. (23, 6) 3. (6, 2) 4. (3, 8)
40,000 40,000
20,000 20,000 5. (27, 6) 6. (4, 2)
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 t 0 10 20 30 40 50 t
Years since 1950 Years since 1950
Challenge Practice
Î
}
Î2
}
3 15
Lesson 7.2 2 1
1. (2, 3) 2. }, 2}
16 2 123 5
3. 2 } , 2 } ,
6 6
1 Î 23 Î 5 2 1 Î 236 , 2Î 56 2, 1 Î 236 , Î 56 2
} } } } } }
Practice Level A 2 }
6
, }6 , } } } }
1. y 5 7 2 9x 2. y 5 3x 2 10 3. x 5 4y 1 1 } }
4. (214, 2Ï10 ), (214, Ï10 )
4. x 5 3 2 2y 5. y 5 x 2 4 6. x 5 6y 1 14
7. Equation 1. 8. Equation 2. Lesson 7.3
9. Equation 1. 10. Equation 1.
Practice Level A
11. Equation 2. 12. Equation 1.
1. 3x 2 y 5 23 and 8x 1 y 5 11
13. (1, 0) 14. (2, 23) 15. (21, 2) 16. (3, 22)
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
2. 8x 2 y 5 1 and 8x 1 3y 5 7
17. (4, 1) 18. (2, 2) 19. (6, 5) 20. (1, 5) 3. 7x 2 4y 5 8 and 7x 1 4y 5 9
21. (23, 21) 22. (21, 4) 23. (3, 3) 4. 7x 2 y 5 13 and 214x 1 y 5 23
24. (5, 22) 25. brother: 6 hr; sister: 5 hr 5. x 2 3y 5 14 and x 1 10y 5 23
26. a. x 5 2y b. 3x 1 4.5y 5 252 6. 8x 2 4y 5 21 and 214x 1 4y 5 23
c. popcorn: 48 boxes; nuts: 24 cans
7. Add the equations. 8. Arrange the terms.
Practice Level B 9. Subtract the equations. 10. Arrange the
3 terms. 11. Add the equations. 12. Arrange the
1. y 5 22x 1 3 2. y 5 } x 2 3
4 terms.
2 4
3. x 5 y 1
} } 4. Equation 1. 4
3 3 13. (1, 1) 14. (215, 6) 15. 22, }
3 1 2
5. Equation 2. 6. Equation 2.
16. (6, 25) 17. (3, 2) 18. (24, 1) 19. (2, 1)
7. (2, 1) 8. (23, 4) 9. (4, 21) 10. (25, 5)
20. (23, 4) 21. (21, 5) 22. (6, 0) 23. (8, 5)
11. (3, 22) 12. (24, 22) 13. (6, 23) 14. (7, 4)
19 1
15. (3, 8) 16. (1, 1) 17. (4, 24) 18. (1, 2) 1
24. 2}, 2}
3 2 2 25. Your speed with no wind:
19. 4 pairs of sticks and 2 pairs of brushes
5.5 mi/h; Wind speed: 2.5 mi/h 26. Car wash:
20. a. x 1 y 5 12; 225x 1 200y 5 2600 $6; One gallon of regular gasoline: $2.10
b. households mowed: 8; households shoveled: 4
21. length of hole: 16 cm; length of sheet: 17 cm
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book A3
Lesson 7.3, continued
Algebra 1
A4 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Lesson 7.4, continued
11. (2, 7) 12. (23, 23) 13. (2, 21) 14. (4, 3) 4. x 1 20y 5 43
1 1
1
15. (25, 22) 16. (6, 1) 17. 2}, }
2 4 2 x 1 30y 5 63
5. 3 mi 6. 2 mi
18. (24, 4) 19. a 5 2, b 5 1
20. a. 2x 1 4y 5 166 and 4x 1 5y 5 263
ANSWERS
Lesson 7.5
b. Adult: $37; Youth: $23 c. $189
Practice Level A
21. Thai: 5 people; Szechwan: 3 people
1. 3 2. 22 3. 3 4. A; infinitely many
22. To school: 2.72 mi/h; Home: 2.04 mi/h
solutions 5. C; one solution 6. B; no solution
Review for Mastery 7. no solution 8. one solution
1. (3, 25) 2. (6, 24) 3. (7, 2) 4. (2, 3) y y
3
5. (9, 21) 6. (5, 6) 3
1
Problem Solving Workshop: 21 1 3 x
1
21
Mixed Problem Solving 23 21
21
1 3 x
y 5 speed of wind; x 2 y 5 6, x 1 y 5 10 1
c. The bicyclist’s speed in still air is 8 miles per 23 21 1 3 x
21
hour. The speed of the wind is 2 miles per hour.
23
3. a. x 5 amount in the 3% annual interest ac-
count, y 5 amount in the 4% annual interest 10. one solution 11. one solution
account; x 1 y 5 30,000, 0.03x 1 0.04y 5 1020 y y
b. $18,000 at 3%, $12,000 at 4% 4. 11 3
3
5. Answer will vary. 6. By solving the linear 1
1
system, 1 pound of chicken costs $2.25 and 23 1 3 x
23 21 3 x
1 pound of fish costs $3.75. So, 2 pounds of 21
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book A5
Lesson 7.5, continued
29. a. 45x 1 10y 5 425 and 225x 1 50y 5 2125 Practice Level C
b. infinitely many solutions c. No, because one 1. C; infinitely many solutions
equation in the system is a multiple of the other, 2. B; one solution 3. A; no solution
so specific values for neither x nor y can be found.
4. one solution 5. one solution
ANSWERS
Practice Level B y y
3. B; one solution 2 3
23 3
y y
23
3
y solutions
210 23
y
1
23 21 1 3 x 9. no solution
21
3 y
23
1 3
23 1 3 x
Algebra 1
A6 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Lesson 7.5, continued
ANSWERS
5
Challenge Practice 4
3
1 2
1. a 5 } 2. No value of a gives infinitely many
2 1
1 0
solutions. 3. a Þ }2 4. The number of solutions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x
Boxes of 5-ounce cups
3 23 23
1
1 y y
23 21
21
1 3 x 9. 3
10.
23 1 3 x 3
1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
23 21 1 3 x
21 1 3 x
y y 21
15. 3
16. 3 23
1 1
11. y 12. 1
y
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21 3
23 21 1 3 x
21
23 23 1
23
25 23 21 x
21
y y
17. 18.
3
13. y ≥ 24 and y < 1 14. x ≥ 24 and y < 23
1 1 15. y ≥ x 1 1 and x ≤ 0 16. y ≤ 4 2 x and y > 2
23 21 1 3 x 23 21
21
1 3 x 17. y ≤ x and y < 1 2 x
18. x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, and y ≤ x 1 2
23 23
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book A7
Lesson 7.6, continued
y y
6 600
Student tickets
5 1.9x 1 5.2y < 20 500
4 400
3 300
ANSWERS
2 200
1 100
x1y>5
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x 0 200 400 600 x
Packages of hot dogs Adult tickets
5
4
of the system.
3 x1y>4 20. a. x 1 y 5 15 and y ≥ 2x, where x is the
2
1 number of hours you run and y is the number of
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x hours you swim.
Hours cleaning
b. y
14
Practice Level C 12
Swimming
10
1. no 2. no 3. yes 4. C 5. A 6. B 8
y y 6
7. 8. 3 4
2
3 1 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 x
23 21 1 3 x Running
1
1
23 21 1 3 x
21
21 1 3 x Review for Mastery
21
1. y 2. y
12 1 23 21 1 3 x 27 25 21 1 x
21 21
23 21 1 3 x
4
24 12 x
23
3. y
13. x ≤ 21 and y > 5 14. y ≤ 2x and y < 21
7
15. y ≤ 4 2 x and y ≥ 2x 16. y ≥ 1 2 x and x ≥ 0
17. x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, and y ≤ x 1 2
5
3
18. x < 3, x > 21, and y < 2x 2 1
1
23 21 1 3 x
Algebra 1
A8 Chapter 7 Resource Book
Lesson 7.6, continued
ANSWERS
system does not make sense because you do not
consider negative reading times. 4. y
2. a. x 1 y ≥ 260, y ≥ x, 6x 1 4y ≤ 1600
280 20
240 10
200 0
160 0 20 40 60 80 x
120 Pounds of Country Blend
80
40 5. 36 bags of Country Blend and 52 bags of Pre
0
0 80 160 x ium Mix 6. $544
Salmon orders
25
20
9x 1 6y > 120
15
10
5
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 x
Babysitting
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
5
1
3
23 21 1 3 x
21
1
23
23 21 1 3 x
Algebra 1
Chapter 7 Resource Book A9
Answers
Lesson 8.1 Review for Mastery
1. 814 2. 64 3. y11 4. (210)8 5. 1330
Practice Level A
6. (28)21 7. f 16 8. (w 1 8)18 9. 56 p 186
1. power of a product property 2. product of
powers property 3. power of a power property 10. 21331p3 11. 9x4y10 12. 8m23
ANSWERS
Algebra 1
A10 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Lesson 8.2, continued
5x11 2y12
Review for Mastery 16. 81x2y5 17. } 18. } 19. false; a 5 2;
y2 3x2
b7 81
1. 129 2. (28)4 3. 135 4. w 5 5. }7 6. }4 225 1
c w } 5 2 Þ }2 20. true 21. false; a 5 1, b 5 1;
27s15 9m2 226
7. } 8. } 9. 10 1 1
t12
n3 } 5 } Þ 2 5 1 1 1 22. 106 23. a. 2
111 2
ANSWERS
Challenge Practice 7π 7π
b. } cm3; } cm3 c. 4 d. overestimated;
2 8
1 A knitting needle narrows at one end.
1. a 5 1 2. b 5 3, or b 5 } 3. x 5 1, y 5 4
3
4. 4 5. 0 6. $65,155.79 7. $63,814.08 Review for Mastery
8. $265,329.77 1 8 1
1. 1 2. } 3. 36 4. } 5. 1 6. 81 7. }
625 125 16
Lesson 8.3 625x8z4 n6p2 s4t
8. 100,000 9. } 12
10. } 4
11. }
y 3m 48r11
Practice Level A
Problem Solving Workshop:
1 1 1 1
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. } 5. } 6. } 7. } Mixed Problem Solving
125 64 32 81
3375
1 4 1. a. } cubic inches
8. 2} 9. 1 10. 1 11. 1 12. 36 13. } 64
9 3
b. power of a quotient property
125 1 1 6
14. } 15. undefined 16. }5 17. }9 18. }3 2. a.
8 x m y Blood (cubic Number of white
8 1 x3 y3 1 millimeters) corpuscles
19. } 20. }4 21. }2 22. }4 23. }2
a10 81b y x ab
2y 3 1 1 10 104
24. } 25. } in. 26. } in.; } in.
x3 4 4 2
100 105
π 3π
27. } in.2; } in.2
16 16 1000 106
Practice Level B 10,000 107
1 1 1 64
1. } 2. } 3. } 4. 1 5. 1 6. 1 7. } 100,000 108
243 1000 64 25
343 1 1
8. } 9. undefined 10. } 11. } b. 103 p 105 5 108 3. No, the mass of a sweet
64 100,000 64
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book A11
Lesson 8.3, continued
1
13. 625 14. } 15. 6 16. 24 17. 9 18. 16 25. 9.287 3 103; 1.3759 3 104; 14,205;
216
3.0214 3 104
19. b3 5 a, definition of cube root; (ak)3 5 a,
26. 1.04 3 1023; 2.5 3 1023; 0.0985; 0.16
substitute ak for b; a3k 5 a1, product of powers
1 27. 8.79 3 102; 1.0085 3 103; 1023; 1146
property; 3k 5 1, set exponents equal; k 5 }3,
ANSWERS
Algebra 1
A12 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Lesson 8.5, continued
ANSWERS
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 21
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
22 21
1
1
23 21 1 3 x
23 21 1 3 x 21
21
23
23
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book A13
Lesson 8.5, continued
23
23 21 1 3 x
21 2
ANSWERS
25
23 21 1 3 x
23 22
3
numbers 5
23 21 1 3 x
23
1 3
23 21 1 3 x 29
21 1
215
23 21 1 3 x
21
7. y
domain: all real numbers;
vertical shrink vertical stretch and
1 range: all negative real
reflection in x-axis
23
21
1 3 x numbers
16. y 17. 2
y
23 1
23 21 1 3 x
22
23 21 1 3 x
25 21
26
23
8. y domain: all real numbers; 210
1 range: all negative real 25
3
numbers 23
1 4. y
domain: all real numbers;
23 21 1 3 x
3 range: all positive real
21
numbers
11.
1
y domain: all real numbers; 23 21
21
1 3 x
x
range: all negative real
21 1 3
21 numbers 23
23
5. y
domain: all real numbers;
25 5 range: all positive real
3
numbers
1
23 21 1 3 x
21
Algebra 1
A14 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Lesson 8.5, continued
ANSWERS
215
23 23
1 1
25
23 21 1 3 x 23 1 3 x
21 21
27
23 23
8. 3
y domain: all real numbers;
range: all negative real
1
numbers vertical shrink and vertical shrink and
23 1 3 x reflection in x-axis reflection in x-axis
18. Subtract the amount deposited from the
23
balance. a. $10.31 b. $54.48 c. $270.16
19. a. y 5 65,000(1.025)t b. about 71,748 people
9. y domain: all real numbers;
20. a. 100% b. y 5 10(2)t c. 160 students
15 range: all positive real
numbers Review for Mastery
9
1. y 5 9 p 3x
3
2. y domain: all real
23 21 1 3 x
23 7 numbers; range: all
positive real numbers
10. 10
y domain: all real numbers; 5
2
23 21 1 3 x
23 21 1 3 x
22
3. y
23 1 3 x
11. 2
y domain: all real numbers; y5 25(6)x
23 1 3 x
range: all negative real
22
numbers 25
26
27
210
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book A15
Lesson 8.5, continued
2 23 21 1 3 x
21
1 x 3
1 2
4. y 5 } 3 or y 5 3
9
x 2 2
5. y = } 2x or
2 1 2
11. y domain: all real numbers;
y53p2 x21
5 range: all positive real
6. f (x) 5 3 p 28x and g(x) 5 3 p 212x, so numbers
3
g(1) > f (1)
1 1
7. f (x) 5 } p 16x and g(x) 5 1280 p 16x,
2 23 21
21
1 3 x
so g(1) > f (1)
8. f (x) 5 25 p 52x and g(x) 5 52x, so f (1) > g(1) 12. y 13. 3
y
5
1
9. f (x) 5 6 p 42x and g(x) 5 } p 43x, so 1
2
f(1) > g(1) 10. f (x) 5 1000 p (1.5)10x and 23 21
21
3 x
23 21 1 3 x
21
Lesson 8.6
vertical stretch reflection in x-axis
Practice Level A
14. y vertical shrink
1 x
1. yes; y 5 }
10 1 2
2. no 3. C 4. A 5. B 3
numbers
23
1
15. exponential decay 16. exponential growth
23 21 1 3 x
21
17. exponential decay 18. exponential decay
19. exponential growth 20. exponential growth
1 Practice Level B
23 21 1 3 x
1 x
21
1. yes; y 5 }
5
2. no1 2
8. y domain: all real numbers; 3. y
domain: all real numbers;
5 range: all positive real 10 range: all positive real
3
numbers 6
numbers
23 21 1 3 x 23 21 1 3 x
21 22
9. y
domain: all real numbers; 4. 5
y domain: all real numbers;
5 range: all positive real range: all positive real
3
3
numbers numbers
1
26 22 2 6 x
23 21 1 3 x 21
21
Algebra 1
A16 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Lesson 8.6, continued
5. 2
y domain: all real numbers; 17. exponential growth; y 5 4(2)x
23 21 1 3 x
range: all negative real 18. a. $2400 b. $1536 c. $983.04
numbers
19. a. y 5 7(0.979)t b. about 5.4%
20. a. y 5 18,000(0.945)t
ANSWERS
b. about 13,565 people
Practice Level C
6. y domain: all real numbers; 9 x
1 2
10
range: all positive real 1. yes; y 5 } 2. no
10
6
numbers 3. y domain: all real numbers;
15
2
range: all positive real
23 21
22
1 3 x 9
numbers
23 21 1 3 x
7. 7
y domain: all real numbers; 23
9. 20
y 10. y
23 21
24
1 3 x numbers
23 21 1 3 x
22
12. never; The graphs are reflections in the x-axis.
13. always; At x 5 0, the graphs will intersect at 8. y domain: all real numbers;
0.1
(0, 1). range: all negative real
23 21 3 x
14. sometimes; Sample answer: If a 5 1, then the
20.1
numbers
graphs are identical. If a 5 2, then the graphs are
not identical.
15. exponential decay; y 5 3(0.75)x
16. exponential decay; y 5 2(0.7)x
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book A17
Lesson 8.6, continued
9. 25
y 10. y Problem Solving Workshop:
1 Mixed Problem Solving
23 21
21
3 x 1. a. 7.1492 3 104, 2.4 3 103 b. The surface
5 area of Jupiter is about 6.423 3 1010 km2. The
surface area of Callisto is about 7.238 3 107 km2.
ANSWERS
23 21 1 3 x
25
c. about 8.874 3 102, The surface area of Jupiter
vertical stretch reflection in x-axis is about 887.4 times larger than the surface area of
Callisto.
11. y vertical shrink and
3
reflection in x-axis 2. a. y 5 20(0.5)x, where x is the number of
1 45-day periods b. 1.25 ounces 3. a. exponential
23 21 1 3 x growth b. y 5 91(1.59)x c. 365.79 million
4. Yes; After two years of depreciation, the value
23
of the boat is $5057.50. The family is getting more
for the boat than it is worth. 5. 0.14 6. Answers
12. always; The graphs are reflections in the will vary.
x-axis.
7. a. y 5 20,000(0.94)x b. 6%; The decay rate
13. always; The graphs are reflections in the for the car is 0.06, or 6%.
y-axis, so they have the same range.
8. a. y 5 200(1.04)x
14. never; The function is an exponential decay
b. y
function. 250
Value (dollars)
b. about 7.6 h 20. no; At the beginning of the c. No; After 3 years there is $224.97 in the
second 5-year period, there was more money being account.
lost than there was being gained at the beginning
of the first 5-year period. Challenge Practice
1 x 1 x
Review for Mastery 1. f (x) 5 3 p }
2 1 2
2. f (x) 5 2 p }
3 1 2
23 21 1 3 x
1 x
exponential decay; y 5 4 p 1 }8 2
Algebra 1
A18 Chapter 8 Resource Book
Lesson 8.6, continued
1 n21
Focus On 8.6 9. an 5 281 }
3
; 1 2 /
Y
X
Practice D: 1, 2, 3, ...
R: 281, 227,
1. arithmetic;
Y
29, 23, ...
ANSWERS
10. an 5 6n 2 1;
.UMBER OF .EW 0EA 0LANTS A N
Y
/ X
2. geometric;
Y
/
X
.UMBER OF 'ENERATIONS N
X
3. arithmetic; Y
/ Review for Mastery
/ X 6. Y
n21
5. an 5 (26) ;
Y
D: 1, 2, 3, ...
R: 1, –6, 36, 2216, ... /
X
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
X
7. an 5 (22)n 2 1; a10 5 2512
n21
6. an 5 3(2) ; Y
1 n21 1
D: 1, 2, 3, ...
8. an 5 }
3 1 2
; a10 5 }19683
R: 3, 6, 12, 24, ... 9. an 5 10(2)n 2 1; a10 5 5120
Chapter Review Game
/ X
1 n21 x6
1. x 8 2. 3.10091 3 107 3. 1 4. }3 5. 0.891
1 2
7. an 5 }
4
;
Y
y
10 7
D: 1, 2, 3, ...
6. 2324x 7. 0.0000987 8. 2x y
1 1 1
y 14 500
R: 1, }4 , } , }, ...
16 64
9. 3.0 3 1025 10. }6 11. 2} 12. 0.055
16x x 4y 6
/ X 13. 1.495 3 1011
1 n21 RENE DESCARTES
8. an 5 21 ? 2}
2 1 2 ;
Y
D: 1, 2, 3, ...
1 1 1
X
R: 21, }2, 2}4 , }8 , ...
/
Algebra 1
Chapter 8 Resource Book A19
Answers
Lesson 9.1 11. 24a3b2 1 15a2b2 2 10a2b 1 5
Practice Level A 12. 3m2n 2 11mn2 2 8n 1 2m
1. 8n6; degree: 6; leading coefficient: 8 13. a. T 5 4.93t 4 2 56.78t 3 1 177.65t 2 2
126.42t 1 1367.51 b. In 1997, 1367.51 thousand
2. 29z 1 1; degree: 1; leading coefficient: 29
ANSWERS
Algebra 1
A20 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Lesson 9.2, continued
15. 3x 2 1 13x 2 10 16. 8a2 2 2a 2 1 15. 5x 3y 2 20x 2y 2 1 5xy 3 16. 33n2 1 36n 1 3
17. w 3 1 3w 2 1 3w 1 1 17. w6 1 13w 5 1 3w 4 2 10w 3 1 5w 2
18. m3 2 4m2 1 7m 2 6 19. 8y 2 2 23y 2 3 1 7
18. } x 2 1 } x 1 6 19. 22x 2 2 2x 1 96
2 2
20. 15b2 1 7b 2 2 21. 6d 2 2 14d 1 4
20. a. A 5 2330.6934t 5 1 14,967.1039t 4 2
ANSWERS
22. 6x 2 1 8x 1 2 23. 6x 2 1 22x 2 8 149,699.734t 3 1 178,230.4684t 2 1 18,574.268t 1
2 2
24. 2s 1 s 2 15 25. 40c 2 46c 2 14 106,563,461.4 b. $106,563,461,400
26. 16p2 2 46p 1 15 27. 14t 2 1 26t 2 4 21. a. E: 14,439.09; P: 0.126; E p P indicates the
28. a. V 5 288x 2 1 1152x 1 1152 b. 41,472 in.3 amount of money spent (in millions of dollars) on
exercise equipment.
29. a. A: 76,226; P: 0.6; A p P indicates the
number of acres (in thousands) that are parks. b. E p P 5 0.0001112t 8 2 0.0002186t7 2
b. A p P 5 20.1688t 3 2 59.0818t 2 1 812.634t 1 0.06424t 6 1 0.983634t 5 2 6.7188068t 4 1
45,735.6 22.667885t 3 2 120.819698t 2 1 568.42959t 1
1819.32534 c. $1,819,325,340
Practice Level B
Review for Mastery
1. 6x 4 2 3x 3 2 x 2 2. 220a7 1 15a4 2 5a3
1. 21x4 2 6x3 1 9x2
3. 28d 5 1 20d 4 2 24d 3 1 8d 2
2. 12x8 2 8x7 2 32x6 1 36x5
4. 6x 2 2 13x 2 5 5. 2y 2 2 7y 2 15
3. 3m3 1 17m2 1 6m 2 4 4. 6n2 1 29n 1 28
6. 24a2 2 18a 1 3 7. 5b2 2 42b 1 16
5. 2p3 1 13p2 2 p 1 42
8. 16m2 1 38m 1 21 9. 23p3 1 6p2 2 p 1 2
6. 12q3 2 28q2 1 7q 1 12 7. 15t 2 2 13t 2 72
10. 22z2 1 13z 2 21 11. 26d 2 1 23d 2 10
8. 72s2 2 119s 1 49 9. 2y21 15y 2 27
12. n3 1 5n2 1 9n 1 5 13. w 3 1 5w2 2 23w 2 3
14. 2s3 1 11s2 1 13s 2 5 Challenge Practice
1. x7 1 3x5 1 2x3 2. 2y7 1 3y5 2 y4 1 3y2
15. 5x 3y 2 20x 2y 2 1 5xy 3 16. 4a2 1 a 2 1
3. 2x7 1 4x3y3 1 2x4y 1 4y4
17. 23x 2 1 8x 1 10 18. 2m2 1 5m 2 41
4. 2x12 1 11x10 1 12x8
19. 3x 2 1 15x 20. x 2 1 6x 1 8
5. x5 1 2x4 1 3x3 1 6x 2 1 2x 1 4 6. 0
21. a. A 5 4x 2 1 22x 1 30 b. 72 ft 2
2 3 2
7. 4x 8. 4x 9. 2x 2 x 2 6x 1 1
22. a. S: 66,939; P: 0.4; S p P
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
3 2
indicates the number of students (in thousands) 10. 2x 1 8x 1 5
that were between 7 and 13 in 1995. 11. V 5 9x(50x 1 150) (8x 1 16)
b. A p P 5 0.000163t7 2 0.01166225t 6 1 12. V 5 3600x3 1 18,000x 2 1 21,600x
0.218856t 5 2 1.510115t 4 1 0.46605t 3 1
13. 168 trailers
38.8676t 2 1 181.107t 1 26,775.6
c. about 26,775,600 students Lesson 9.3
Practice Level C Practice Level A
7 5 3 3 2
1. 216y 1 40y 2 24y 2. 3b 1 7b 2 5b 1 3 1. 2ab 2. 2mn 3. 2x 4. 10x 5. y 2 6. 9
3. 218w 2 1 33w 2 12 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. x 2 1 8x 1 16
4. 36m5 2 9m3 1 4m2 2 1 11. m2 2 16m 1 64 12. a2 1 20a 1 100
5. 2x 3 1 11x 2 1 13x 2 6 13. p2 2 24p 1 144 14. 4y 2 1 4y 1 1
6. 24n4 2 32n3 1 37n2 1 4n 2 5 15. 9y 2 2 6y 1 1 16. 100r 2 2 20r 1 1
7. 6p6 2 12p4 2 10p2 1 20 17. 16n2 1 16n 1 4 18. 9c 2 2 12c 1 4
8. 248r 5 1 8r 3 1 12r 2 2 2 9. 10z 4 2 39z 2 2 27 19. z 2 2 25 20. b2 2 4 21. n2 2 64
10. x 3y 1 2xy 2 11. 26x 2y 2 15xy 22. a2 2 100 23. 4x 2 2 1 24. 25m2 2 1
12. x 2y 3 1 xy 4 13. 5x 2 1 xy 2 6y 2 25. 16d 2 2 1 26. 9p2 2 4 27. 4r 2 2 9
14. 2xy 3 1 3x 2y 2 1 210x 1 140y 28. Find the product (10 2 3)(10 1 3).
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book A21
Lesson 9.3, continued
29. Find the product (30 2 6)(30 1 6). 23. 324x 2 24. 1 25. (x 2 12)(x 1 12)
30. Find the product (60 1 9)(60 2 9). 26. (a 2 b)3 5 (a 2 b)2(a 2 b) 5
31. T 5 9t 2 2 4 32. a. 0.25B2 1 0.5Bb 1 0.25b2 (a2 2 2ab 1 b2)(a 2 b) 5 a3 2 3a2b 1 3ab2 2 b3
b. 25% 27. a. 75%; Three of the four squares in the area
ANSWERS
21. Find the product (50 2 1)2. 22. 81x 2 2 0.25 7. 21, 8 8. 29, 9 9. 215, 212 10. 250, 25
Algebra 1
A22 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Lesson 9.4, continued
11. 23, 1 12. 2, 3 13. 2(2m 2 1) 14. 5(x 2 2) b. Check student’s work; 40 ft
15. 3(2y 1 5) 16. 8(x 1 y) 17. 7(a 2 b) c. Check student’s work; (0, 60)
18. 2(a 1 5b) 19. 9(m 2 2n) 20. 3(5p 2 q) Review for Mastery
2
21. 4(3x 1 y) 22. 2c(c 1 2) 23. m (9m 1 1) 1. 7, 9 2. 22, 23 3. 0, 216 4. 0, 2 5. 0, 3
ANSWERS
24. 2w(w 1 2) 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. 28, 0 6. 0.625 sec
29. 0, 7 30. 21, 0 31. 0, 1 32. 0, 2 Problem Solving Workshop:
33. 22, 0 34. 9 sec 35. about 0.33 sec Mixed Problem Solving
Practice Level B 1. a. 4x 2 1 24x 1 35 b. 99 square inches
5 2 2
2 14 17
3 2 8 2 3 1 9 5
5. 2}, 9 6. 2}, } 7. }, } 8. 2}, 4 9. }, }
2 3 5 9 7 5 8 2
1 3 2
5. (x 1 1) x 1 } (x 1 3); x3 1 } x2 1 } x 1 2
3 3
10. 3(3x 2 2 7y) 11. 4m(m2 1 6) 6. (x 1 10)(2x 1 15) 5 1650 7. 20 feet wide
12. 5pq(2p 2 q) 13. 3y(2x 1 3y)
3 by 40 feet long 8. x 5 0, or y 5 x, or y 5 2x
14. 5ab(7ab 2 1) 15. 4mn(3m 2 2n) 9. x 5 0, or y 5 x, or y 5 2x
3 2 Lesson 9.5
18. 4r 2(2r 3 2 5r 2 2 3) 19. 0, } 20. 2} , 0
4 3
4 6 1 5 Practice Level A
21. 0, } 22. 2} , 0 23. 2} , 0 24. 0, }
3 5 2 6
3 3 13 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. (x 1 1)(x 1 5)
25. 2} , 0 26. 0, } 27. 2} , 0
50 10 17 5. (a 1 7)(a 1 3) 6. (w 1 5)(w 1 3)
1 4 3
28. 0, } 29. 0, } 30. 0, } 7. (p 2 5)(p 1 2) 8. (c 2 1)(c 1 11)
4 9 5
31. a. 0, 0.21875; These are the times at which 9. (y 1 7)(y 2 2) 10. (n 2 1)(n 2 3)
the fish leaves and enters the water. b. Sample 11. (b 2 3)(b 2 2) 12. (r 2 7)(r 2 5)
answer: Any value of t ≥ 0 because time should 13. (z 1 3)(z 1 4) 14. (s 2 6)(s 1 3)
be positive. 32. a. Locate the zeros and find
15. (d 2 8)(d 1 3) 16. 24, 21 17. 25, 22
the horizontal distance between them.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book A23
Lesson 9.5, continued
1 1
18. 27, 22 19. 1, 11 20. 22, 3 21. 5, 7 8. x 52}, } 9. x 5 9
3 4
22. 21, 5 23. 25, 3 24. 27, 1 25. C 26. A } }
10. x 5 22Ï 3 , 2Ï 3 , 22, 2
27. B 28. 24, 3 29. 22, 5 30. 21, 6
31. 27, 3 32. 29, 4 33. 21, 4 34. 30 ft Lesson 9.6
ANSWERS
Algebra 1
A24 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Lesson 9.6, continued
5 3 3 1 2 2 5 1
7. 2} , } 8. 2} , 2} 9. 2} , } 10. 2} , 2} 18. (w 2 6)2 19. (m 2 4)2 20. (r 2 10)2
4 8 2 2 5 3 2 3
2 5 3 3 3 1 4 2 21. (z 1 8)2 22. (s 1 11)2 23. (x 2 8)2
11. 2} , } 12. } , } 13. 2}, } 14. 2} , }
9 7 10 4 8 2 5 3 24. (2c 1 1)2 25. (4d 1 1)2 26. (3y 2 1)2
1 5 5 7 3 11
15. }, 5 16. }, } 17. }, } 18. 22, } 27. (3p 2 2)2 28. 23, 3 29. 27 30. 5
3 8 2 10 2 10
ANSWERS
1 1 3 5 1 7 1 1 3 3
19. 2 , 2 20. 2 ,
} } } } 21. 21, } 22. 2} , 5 31. 2} , } 32. 1 33. 210 34. 2} , }
2 3 2 6 3 2 5 5 2 2
2 3 1 2 3 4 5 4 4
23. 21, } 24. 2} , } 25. } , 2 26. } , } 27. }
5 2 4 5 4 3 6 35. 2}, } 36. 22 37. a. π(x 2 y)(x 1 y)
3 3
28. 3.5 sec 29. 2 sec 30. a. h 5 216t 2 1 8t 3
b. 55π cm2 38. a. 8.36 ft b. } sec
b. 0.25 sec c. It takes the frog 0.25 second 4
to reach a height of 12 inches and it reaches 39. a. 6 ft b. about 0.79 sec
the ground at 0.5 second, so it can’t go any
higher because it will take another 0.25 second Practice Level B
to reach the ground. d. h 5 216t 2 1 8t 1 4 1. (x 2 6)(x 1 6) 2. (5p 2 12)(5p 1 12)
e. No, because the frog is higher when it jumps, it 3. 4(b 2 5)(b 1 5) 4. 9(2m 2 3)(2m 1 3)
will take the frog longer to reach the ground.
5. 22(x 2 4)(x 1 4) 6. 24(r 2 5s)(r 1 5s)
Review for Mastery 7. (y 1 12)2 8. (3c 1 4)2 9. (5w 2 2)2
1. (7a 2 1)(a 2 7) 2. (2b 2 5)(2b 1 1) 10. (4n 2 7)2 11. 22(3a 1 1)2 12. 5(2z 2 7)2
3. (6c 2 7)(c 1 2) 4. 2(3r 1 4)(r 1 1) 5 5 1
13. 27 14. 2} , } 15. } 16. 23, 3 17. 25
5. 2(3s 1 4)(s 2 4) 6. 2(4t 2 1)(2t 2 1)
2 2 8
1 5
18. 4 19. 25, 5 20. 10 21. } 22. 2}
Problem Solving Workshop: 2 3
Using Alternative Methods 3 3 3
23. 2} 24. 2} , } 25. 8 26. 3 27. 1 sec
5 8 8
1. 2.75 seconds 2. The linear term should be 28. a. 0; 3.75; 5; 3.75; 0 b. Any other values
positive in the vertical motion equation. The diver between 0 and 20 because the ladder is on the
enters the water after 2.75 seconds. ground at x 5 0 and meets the ground again at
3. 1.5 seconds 4. 1 second 5. 2 seconds x 5 20.
Challenge Practice c. y
5
1. (2y 1/3
1 1)(2y 1/3
1 5) 2. (4y 1 1)(2y 2 3)
2 2
Height (feet)
4
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
3
3 3 } }
1
3. } 1 1 } 2 5
y y 21 2 4. 1 7Ï
3
y 1 1 21 5Ï
3
y 1 12 2
1
Î Î12
} } 0
} } 2 0 5 10 15 20 x
5. 1 2Ï y 2 3 21 2Ï y 1 1 2 6. x 5 3
2} , 3
}
3 Distance from left end (feet)
Î Î}53
} }
5 1 5 49 d. 10 ft
7. x 5 2 } , 8. x 52}, 2} 9. x 5 }
3 5 3 9
} } Practice Level C
2Ï5 2Ï5
10. x 5 2}, } 1. (5x 2 9)(5x 1 9) 2. 25(3p 2 2)(3p 1 2)
5 5
3. (11w 2 25)(11w 1 25) 4. 4(3m 2 4)(3m 1 4)
Lesson 9.7 1
5. } (3r 2 1)(3r 1 1) 6. (9x 2 7y)(9x 1 7y)
Practice Level A 16
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. (x 2 1)(x 1 1) 7. 23(y 1 8)2 8. 4(n 2 5)2 9. 3(2z 1 1)2
5. (b 2 9)(b 1 9) 6. (m 2 10)(m 1 10) 10. 6(2a 2 5b)2 11. 22(3s 1 4t)2
1 1 2 8 8
7. (p 2 15)(p 1 15) 8. (2y 2 1)(2y 1 1) 12. } (5z 1 1)2 or 5 z 1 }
5 5 1
13. 2} , } 14. 29
5 5 2
9. (4n 2 5)(4n 1 5) 10. (3w 2 10)(3w 1 10) 7 7
15. 2}, }
11. (8z 2 6)(8z 1 6) 12. (7d 2 5)(7d 1 5)
2 2
11 4 3 4
13. (2r 2 11)(2r 1 11) 14. (3s 2 12)(3s 1 12) 16. 10 17. } 18. } 19. 2} 20. }
6 15 5 7
8 1 3
15. (c 2 25)(c 1 25) 16. (x 1 3)2 17. (b 1 5)2 21. 22, 2 22. } 23. 2 24.
} } 25. 90
3 5 4
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book A25
Lesson 9.7, continued
26. 140 27. 36 28. 16 29. 9 30. 28 31. 23, 1, 3 32. 22, 0, 2 33. 28, 0, 8
31. Only once, because the squirrel reaches the 34. 4(x 1 1)(x 1 2) 35. a. 8πr 2 2 72π 5 0
ground in 1 second and it takes the squirrel 0.5 b. 3 in. 36. 2 sec
second (half this time) to reach the height of 4 feet.
Practice Level B
ANSWERS
5
4
3 9. (m2 1 2)(m 2 6) 10. ( p2 1 4)(p 1 9)
2
1 11. (t 2 2 2)(t 1 12) 12. (3n2 1 1)(n 2 1)
13. 7x 2(x 1 4) 14. 4m(m 2 2)(m 1 2)
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 x
Distance from left end (feet)
15. 22p(8p2 1 1) 16. 6r 2(8r 2 5)
d. 40 ft 17. 15y(1 2 4y) 18. 6x(3y 2 4x)
Review for Mastery 19. 5(m2 1 4m 1 8) 20. 6(x 1 5)(x 2 4)
1. (m 1 11)(m 2 11) 2. (3n 2 8)(3n 1 8) 21. 4z(z 2 2)(z 1 1) 22. 9(x 3 1 4x 2 1 4)
1 2 23. (x 2 1 5)(x 1 1) 24. (d 2 1 5)(d 1 4)
3. 3( y 1 7z)( y 2 7z) 4. m 2 }
4 1 2 7 1
9 9 25. 24, 22 26. 25, 5 27. } 28. 2} , 21
5. (4r 1 5s)2 6. 9(2x 2 1)2 7. 5 8. 2}, } 2 2
4 4 4 5
29. } 30. 2} 31. 2(2x 1 3)(x 1 1)
3 3
Challenge Practice
32. a. 8πr 2 2 32π 5 0 b. 2 cm
1. (x 2 3y)2 2. (2x 2 5y)2 3. (5xy 1 4)2
33. a. h 5 216t 2 1 12t 1 4 b. 5.04 ft c. 6 ft
4. 4(x 2 10)2 5. (5x 1 13)2
d. 1 sec
Î72 1 72
}
} } 1 3 13
6. 5 2 Ï 5 , 5 1 Ï 5 7. } } } 8. 2}
2 5 Practice Level C
4 5
9. 2} 10. 2} 1. 13a(1 2 2a) 2. 15x(2y 2 3x)
7 2
3. 22(m 1 1)(m 1 7) 4. 7(2p 2 3)(p 2 1)
Algebra 1
A26 Chapter 9 Resource Book
Lesson 9.8, continued
ANSWERS
Problem Solving Workshop: Down 1. Grouping 3. Trinomial
Mixed Problem Solving 5. FOIL pattern 6. Factoring 8. Binomial
1. a. 10. Prime 12. Vertical
h in.
1
h 2 3 in. G
h 1 12 in. 2 3
P E R F E C T R
F P O L Y N O M I A L
b. length: 12 inches; width: 4 inches; height: 8
A B I M N
9 inches 4. 14 feet; The zeros of the function, C
9
I
10
I L E A D N G P
0 and 14, are where the underpass touches the T N P A R
ground. The difference between the zeros is 11
M O N O M I A L L
12
V I
the width of the underpass at its base. R M T E M
N
6. 0.75 second 7. a. 4x3 2 44x 2 1 117x
C
A
b. 77 cubic inches; 90 cubic inches; 63 cubic
L
inches; 20 cubic inches; 2 inches c. No; You
cannot cut two squares with a side length of 5
inches from a side of a piece of cardboard that is
9 inches.
Challenge Practice
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 9 Resource Book A27
Answers
Lesson 10.1 18. 10
y
domain: all reals;
range: y ≥ 7;
Practice Level A 6
vertical shift 7 units up
1. 2
x 22 21 0 1 2
ANSWERS
23 21 1 3 x
22
y 20 5 0 5 20
19. y
domain: all reals;
2. 3
x 22 21 0 1 2 range: y ≥ 23;
1
vertical stretch by a
y 216 24 0 24 216 23 3 x
factor of 2 and vertical
shift 3 units down
3.
x 22 21 0 1 2
20. 5 units up 21. vertically stretching; 10
y 10 7 6 7 10
22. a. 210 ≤ x ≤ 10 b. 0 ≤ y ≤ 8
4. 23. a. 26 ≤ x ≤ 6 b. 0 ≤ y ≤ 2
x 22 21 0 1 2
Practice Level B
y 24 27 28 27 24 1.
x 22 21 0 1 2
5. C 6. B 7. A
8. y
domain: all reals; y 36 9 0 9 36
5
range: y ≥ 0;
2.
3
vertical stretch by x 22 21 0 1 2
a factor of 5
23 21 1 3 x
y 220 25 0 25 220
21
3.
9. y
domain: all reals; x 24 22 0 2 4
1 range: y ≤ 0; y 41 11 1 11 41
23
21
3 x vertical shrink by
1
a factor of }3 and 4.
x 216 28 0 8 16
Algebra 1
A28 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Lesson 10.1, continued
1
17. shrink vertically by a factor of } and shift Practice Level C
2
2 units down 18. shrink vertically by a factor 1.
x 22 21 0 1 2
3
of }4 , reflect over x-axis, and shift 5 units up
y 36 6 24 6 36
ANSWERS
19. y
domain: all reals;
range: y ≥ 9; 2.
vertical shift 9 units up x 22 21 0 1 2
3
y 23 1.5 3 1.5 23
29 23 3 9 x
23
3. 3
y
domain: all reals;
20. 3
y
domain: all reals; range: y ≥ 2;
range: y ≤ 0; 1
vertical shrink by a
1 23 21 1 3 x 1
vertical shrink by a factor 21 factor of }6 and vertical
23 3 x 1
21 of }5 and reflection in x-axis 23 shift 2 units up
23
4. 2
y
domain: all reals;
21. 3
y
domain: all reals; 23 21 1 3 x
range: y ≤ 23;
range: y ≤ 0; 22
vertical stretch by a factor
1
vertical stretch by a factor of 4, reflection in x-axis, and
23 21 1 3 x 3
of }2 and reflection in x-axis shift 3 units down
23
5. y
domain: all reals;
22. y
domain: all reals; 7
1
6
range: y ≥ 2}2 ;
23 21
range: y ≥ 23.5;
21
1 3 x 2 vertical stretch by a factor
vertical shift 3.5 units down 23 21 1 3 x 7
of 9 and vertical shift }2
units down
25
6. 5
y
domain: all reals;
23. y
domain: all reals; 1
range: y ≥ }5 ;
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
9
range: y ≥ 29; 3
7. y
domain: all reals;
24. 3
y
domain: all reals; 3 range: y ≤ 4;
range: y ≤ 2; 1
vertical shrink by a factor
vertical stretch by a factor 1
23 21
21 1 x of }2 , reflection in x-axis,
1 3 x 21
of 5, reflection in x-axis, and
and vertical shift 4 units up
vertical shift 2 units up
8. y
domain: all reals;
25. a. 218 ≤ x ≤ 18 b. 0 ≤ y ≤ 20
30
3
range: y ≥ }4 ;
26. a. y b. 0 ≤ t ≤ 2.5; 18
vertical stretch by a factor
100
0 ≤ y ≤ 100
Height (feet)
80 6 3
of 6 and vertical shift }4
60
c. 84 ft 23 21
26
1 3 x
40
unit up
20 d. about 1.8 sec
0
0 1 2 t
e. 2.5 sec
Time (seconds)
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book A29
Lesson 10.1, continued
9. 15
y
domain: all reals; c. The second graph is a transformation of the first
2 graph. The first graph has been reflected in the
9
range: y ≥ 2}3 ;
x-axis and shifted 20 units up to obtain the second
vertical stretch by a factor
3 2 graph. For the first graph, find the value of t when
of 4 and vertical shift }3 y 5 8. For the second graph, find the value of t
ANSWERS
23 21 1 3 x
23
unit down when y 5 12.
10. 2
y
domain: all reals; Review for Mastery
1
23 21 1 3 x range: y ≤ 2}2 ; 1. 3
y
11. y
domain: all reals;
Both graphs have the same vertex, (0, 0), and the
range: y ≤ 15;
5 same axis of symmetry, x 5 0. However, the graph
vertical stretch by a factor
23 21 1 3 x of y 5 28x 2 is narrower than the graph of y 5 x 2
25 of 5, reflection in x-axis,
and it opens down. This is because the graph of
and vertical shift 15 units up
215 y 5 28x 2 is a vertical stretch (by a factor of 8) of
the graph of y 5 x 2 and a reflection in the x-axis
12. shift the graph of f 8 units down 13. shift of the graph of y 5 x 2.
the graph of f 5 units down 14. shift the graph of
f 4 units down 15. shift the graph of f 16 units up 2. Both graphs have the
y
23 21 1 3 x
100,000 1
80,000 of y 5 2}3 x 2 is wider than the graph of y 5x 2
60,000
40,000 and it opens down. This is because the graph of
1 1
y 5 2}3 x 2 is a vertical shrink 1 by a factor of }3 2 of
20,000
0
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 d
Diameter (inches) the graph of y 5 x 2 and a reflection in the x-axis
of the graph of y 5 x 2.
22. a. y b. y
20 20
Distance (feet)
Height (feet)
16 16
12 12
8 8
4 4
0 0
0 0.4 0.8 t 0 0.4 0.8 t
Time (seconds) Time (seconds)
Algebra 1
A30 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Lesson 10.1, continued
4. y
Lesson 10.2
3
Practice Level A
1
1. a 5 7, b 5 2, c 5 11 2. a 5 3, b 5 25, c 5 1
23 21 1 3 x
21
3. a 5 4, b 5 2, c 5 22 4. a 5 23, b 5 9,
ANSWERS
1
c 5 4 5. a 5 }2, b 5 21, c 5 25 6. a 5 21,
Both graphs have the same axis of symmetry, b 5 7, c 5 26 7. upward; x 5 0 8. downward;
x 5 0, and both open up. However, the graph of x 5 0 9. upward; x 5 23 10. upward; x 5 2
y 5 x 2 2 3 has a lower vertex than the graph of 11. upward; x 5 21 12. downward; x 5 4
y 5 x 2. This is because the graph of y 5 x 2 2 3 is 3 7
a vertical translation (3 units down) of the graph 13. upward; x 5 2} 14. downward; x 5 }
2 2
of y 5 x 2. 15. upward; x 5 21 16. (0, 5) 17. (0, 3)
5. y
18. (25, 222) 19. (2, 2) 20. (21, 22)
5 1 9 1 11 1 3
3
1
21. (2, 5) 22. }, } 23. 2}, } 24. }, }
2 2 2 4 2 4 2 1 2 1 2
25.
1 x 1 2 3 4 5
23 21 1 3 x
y 3 0 21 0 3
Both graphs open up, and have the same axis
of symmetry, x 5 0. However, the graph of 26.
1 x 4 5 6 7 8
y 5 }4 x 2 1 2 is wider than the graph of y 5 x 2,
and has a higher vertex. This is because the y 27 30 31 30 27
1
graph of y 5 }4 x 2 1 2 is a vertical shrink
27.
1 x 23 22 21 0 1
1 2
by a factor of }4 and a vertical translation (2 units
up) of the graph of y 5 x 2. y 23 2 25 2 23
y
6. 28.
3
x 23 22 21 0 1
1
y 25 1 3 1 25
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
23 21 1 3 x
26
Challenge Practice (21, 4)
3
x 54
1. y 5 3x 1 4 2. y 5 22x 1 1
2 2
x 5 21
210
1
3. y 5 4x 2 2 10 25 23 1 3 x
214
(4, 215)
1
4. y 5 2x 1 5 5. y 5 2} x 2 1 2
2
2
6. 1 kilogram 7. about 5.2 3 1027 kilograms
8. 1 3 1010 meters per second
9. about 1 3 1029 kilograms 10. 3.125 kilograms
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book A31
Lesson 10.2, continued
y y y
36. 37. (22, 7)
7 23. 5 24. 5
y
23 21 1 3 x x50
21
1 215 25 5 15 x
x5 25
4
x 5 22 (0, 210) (0, 3)
23
x50
( 1
4
, 2
23
8 ) 3 1
ANSWERS
23 21 1 3 x
1 21
27
23 21 x
Practice Level B (1 1
25, 25 )
3
1. a 5 6, b 5 3, c 5 5 2. a 5 }, b 5 21, c 5 8
2
3. a 5 7, b 5 23, c 5 21 4. a 5 22, b 5 9,
y y
27. 28. 2
23 21 1 3 x
21
3 1 22 2 6 10 x
c 5 0 5. a 5 }4 , b 5 0, c 5 210 6. a 5 28, x5 4 22
23
3 210
8. downward; x 5 0; (0, 9) 9. downward; x 5 }; (4, 211)
2
3 23
1 2 2 2
} , } 10. upward; x 5 2; (2, 211) 29. (28, 35)
y
30. x 5 26 y
2
210 22 x
11. upward; x 5 21; (21, 25) 12. downward; x 5 28
10
7 7 119 33
x 5 4}; 1 }4, 2} 13. upward; x 5 25; 1 25, 2} 2
8 2
230 10 x
2
210
14. downward; x 5 0; (0, 224) 15. downward; (26, 210)
3 3 5 1 1 8
x 5 }2; 1 }2, 2}4 2 16. upward; x 5 }3 ; 1 }3, }3 2 31. (2 4 10
,
3 3 ) y
7
17. downward; x 5 };
4 1 }74, }
57
82
1
1 1 16 25 x
18. upward; x 5 2};
3 1 2}3, 2} 32
21
Algebra 1
A32 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Lesson 10.2, continued
ANSWERS
subtract 1.5 from the result.
14. vertex: (2, 9)
x 0 1 2 3 4 Review for Mastery
13 13 1. x 5 22: (22, 211) 2. x 5 6: (6, 231)
y 21 }
2
9 }
2
21
3. minimum value; 219
4. y
y
15. 5
16.
x50 x52
6
215 25 5 15 x
25
2 (2, 3)
(0, 215) (0, 8)
215 6
22 6 x
x50
2
y x53 y
21. 22.
x54
30
(3, )
53
2
Practice
10
18 1.
Y
domain: all real numbers;
6
(4, 6) / X
range: y ≥ 29
6
2
218 26 18 x
26
26 22 2 6 10 x
y y
23. 14
24. 6 x5
9
2
X
10
26 22
26
2 6 10 x 2.
Y
domain: all real numbers;
/ X
range: y ≥ 28
6 (1, 7) 218
x51
2 230
26 22 2 6 x ( 9
2
, 2
127
4 )
X
y y
25. 26. (225, 255)
30 3. X Y domain: all real numbers;
215 25 5 15 x
range: y ≤ 4
50
2150 / X
x 5 210 50 150 x
x 5 225
(210, 2179)
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book A33
Lesson 10.2, continued
5. Y
domain: all real numbers; 3. y domain: all real numbers;
range: y ≥ 0 (2, 0) O 1 (2, 0) x range: y ≥ 212
2
x 0
X / X
(0, 12)
6.
Y domain: all real numbers;
/
X
range: y ≥ 245 4. Y domain: all real numbers;
range: y ≤ 12
X
X
/ X
7. Y
domain: all real numbers;
X
range: y ≤ 0
/ X Lesson 10.3
Practice Level A
1. x 2 1 3x 1 12 5 0 2. x 2 2 8x 2 14 5 0
8. Y
domain: all real numbers; 3. x 2 2 9x 1 1 5 0 4. x 2 1 10x 2 6 5 0
25
range: y ≥ 2} 1
/ X
2 5. x 2 1 3x 2 14 5 0 6. }x 2 1 3x 1 7 5 0
2
X
7. not a solution 8. solution 9. solution
10. solution 11. not a solution 12. not a
solution 13. no solution 14. 22, 2 15. 23, 21
15 5
9 3
/ X
1
26, 22 23, 5
Algebra 1
A34 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Lesson 10.3, continued
23. 3
y
24. y
15. 10
y
16. 5
y
3
23 21 1 3 x 25 5 15 x
6 25
1
29 2 215
21 x
21
ANSWERS
22 6 x
215 22 225
no solution 23, 1 2, 5 0, 10
25. 5
y
26. y
17. 10
y
18. 3
y
215 15 x 29 23 9 x
3 6 23
29 9 x
23 2 29
26 22 2 6 x
29 22 215
25, 5 23, 3 3 3, 6
27. y
3
28. 4
y
19. 2
y
20. y
30
2 x 26 22 2 6 x
1 22
23 21 1 3 x
212
23 220 210
218 26 6 18 x
10
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
8
c. 16 in. 23 3 x
6
21
4 d. 12 in.
2
23
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x
Width (inches) 21, 1 24, 0
Practice Level B 25. a. h h 5 216t 2 1 10t 1 50
b. about 2.1 sec
50
Height (feet)
13. y
14. y
26. a. h
3
h 5 216t 2 1 3t 1 1.3
1.4
1 1.2
Height (feet)
1.0
23 3 x
0.8
22 2 x
22 0.6
23 0.4
0.2
0
26, 0 21, 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 t
Time (seconds)
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book A35
Lesson 10.3, continued
3
c. about 0.34 sec 23 3 x
21
1
Practice Level C
23 21 1 x
y y
1. 2.
ANSWERS
6
1
23 21
21
1 3 x
2
20.2, 2.7 21.3, 1.3
26 22 2 6 x
22 15. y
23 21 1 3 x
22, 2 24, 1
y y
3. 5
4.
20
210 22 x
25
20.7, 1.4
215 16. 4.5 in. 17. 1.9 ft 18. 9.9 cm
4
2 6 x
19. a. h h 5 216t2 1 5t 1 2.5;
2.5
First, write 30 inches
Height (feet)
27 22, 8 2.0
y y
1.5 in feet and then use
5. 6. 1.0
25 15
0.5
the vertical motion
9 0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 t
model.
Time (seconds)
3
215 25 5 15 x 25 23 21 x b. 1 ft
25 23
3 40
4 30
1 20
26 2 x
10
23 21 1 3 x
21 0
0 1 2 3 t
212
Time (seconds)
23
9. y
10. y c. about 3.1 sec; Determine t when y 5 5.
25
4
Review for Mastery
1 3 x
1. 23, 5 2. 22 3. about 25.2, about 20.8
5
215 15 x
212 4. 22, 2 5. 27, 2
Challenge Practice
25, 5 21, 5
1. y 2. 10
y 1
y 5 2 x2 2 1
y y
11. 30
12. 14
2 6
18 10
23 1 3 x
2 1
y 5 22 x2 1 8
6
22 2 6 10 x
22
23 21 1 x
26 y5 2x 2 15 y 5 3x 2 1 1
26
23 21
24, 2 21, 2 1 3 x
Algebra 1
A36 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Lesson 10.3, continued
3. y
4. 9
y
8. 23.32, 3.32 9. no solution 10. 24.12, 4.12
7
11. 22.45, 2.45 12. 6.27, 9.73 13. 211.45,
7
5 26.55 14. 0.26, 7.74 15. 210.46, 23.54
7
y 5 x2 1 2
16. 22.32, 10.32 17. 23.16, 3.16
5
3
ANSWERS
1
1
y 5 2x 2 2 2
y 5 x2 1 x 1 3
18. 21, 1 19. 23, 3 20. 226, 34
21 1 3 5 x y 5 2x 2 1 4x 1 3 21. 21.03, 1.03 22. 27, 1 23. 28, 12
23 21 1 3 5 x
24. 26, 16 25. 1, 13 26. 22, 4 27. 28, 0
15 15
1 22, }2
, 2, }
2 21 2 (23, 9), (0, 3) 28. about 12 cm 29. about 64 ft/sec
y
5. Review for Mastery
11 11
3 y5 2x 2 1 3x 1 1 1. 23, 3 2. 22, 2 3. no solution 4. 2}, }
6 6
1 y 5 22x 2 2 3x 1 1 15 15
5. 0 6. 2}, } 7. 21.73, 1.73
21
21
1 3 5 x 2 2
8. 22.24, 2.24 9. 21.12, 1.12
23
10. 21.83, 3.83 11. 21, 27 12. 2.17, 7.83
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book A37
Lesson 10.5, continued
9. (x 2 12)2 10. 25; (x 2 5)2 11. 16; (x 2 4)2 Review for Mastery
2 2 81 9 2 121 11 2
12. 9; (x 2 3) 13. 121; (x 1 11)
4 1
1. }; x 2 }
2
2. }; x 1 }
4 2 2 1 2
14. 36; (x 2 6)2 15. 100; (x 1 10)2
3. 64; (x 2 8)2 4. 20.80, 8.80
16. 225; (x 2 15)2 17. 169; (x 1 13)2
ANSWERS
/ X
11. 26.12, 2.12 12. 21.32, 11.32
13. 29.10, 1.10 14. 21.83, 3.83 Y Y
3. X 4.
15. 21.55, 13.55 16. 23.56, 0.56 X
17. 25.54, 0.54 18. 20.62, 1.62 19. 6
lw 5 400 b. 20 ft by 20 ft, 40 ft by 10 ft Y Y
5. 6.
X
Practice Level C
1 1 2
1. 3.24; (x 1 1.8)2 2. }; x 2 }
64 8 1 2
/ X
/ X
1 1 2
9 1
3. }; x 1 }
3 2
4. 20.5, 3.5 5. 210.65, 20.35 X
6. 22.67, 3 7. 20.82, 9.82 8. 0.21, 4.79
7. y 5 2(x 2 3)2 2 16
Y
9. 26.89, 20.11 10. 21.27, 6.27
/ X
11. 217.66, 20.34 12. 0.76, 13.24
13. 28.89, 20.11 14. 21.05, 6.05
15. 22.08, 1.08 16. about 4.71 ft 17. 6
X
18. 216, 215 19. about 39 mi/h
20. a. l 1 2w 5 100; lw 5 1000
b. about 27.6 ft by 36.2 ft, about 72.4 ft by 13.8 ft
Algebra 1
A38 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Lesson 10.5, continued
ANSWERS
O 1 x
b.
1 74 74
9. y 5 }(x 2 2)2 2 3;
Millions of acres
Millions of acres
Y
2 X 70 70
66 66
62 62
/ X X=5.3191489 Y=73.0418 X=7.0212766 Y=72.9984
58 58
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Years since 1995 Years since 1995
3 1 2
10. y 5 } x 2 } 2 1
2 2 1 2
Practice Level B
3
11. y 5 2}(x 2 16)2 1 12 1. 213.10, 6.10 2. 22.15, 2.48 3. 21.82, 2.07
64
4. 23.73, 20.27 5. 23, 4 6. 22.61, 1.28
Review for Mastery
7. 24.61, 21.39 8. 213.44, 7.44
1. X Y 2. Y X
3 1
9. 22.11, 2.36 10. 21.45, 1.25 11. 2}, }
2 3
X
12. no solution 13. Sample answer: Use finding
X square roots because the equation can be written in
the form x 2 5 d. 14. Sample answer: Use finding
square roots because the equation can be written in
the form x 2 5 d. 15. Sample answer: Use
3. y 5 22(x + 2)2 1 1; X Y
factoring because the equation is easily factored.
16. Sample answer: Use factoring because the
X equation is easily factored.
17. Sample answer: Use the quadratic formula
because the equation cannot be factored easily.
18. Sample answer: Use the quadratic formula
4. y 5 2(x + 1)2 2 3; 1 y
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
x
because the equation cannot be factored easily.
1 19. 22.24, 2.24 20. 8 21. 24.70, 1.70
1 x 22. 7 23. 27.80, 1.80 24. no solution
25. a. 500 5 1.36x 2 1 27.8x 1 304; 1995
( 1, 3)
b. 575 5 1.36x 2 1 27.8x 1 304; 1997
26. a. 80 5 20.27x 2 1 3.3x 1 77; 1998
Lesson 10.6
b. 95
Number of eggs
90
Practice Level A
(billions)
85
80
1. a 5 5, b 5 7, c 5 1 2. a 5 2, b 5 26, 75
70
c 5 11 3. a 5 21, b 5 17, c 5 223 4. a 5 10, 65
X=1.0425532 Y=80.146958
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book A39
Lesson 10.6, continued
b. 14
4. no solution 5. two solutions 6. two solutions
Billions of dollars
12
10 7. two solutions 8. no solution 9. two solutions
8
6 10. no solution 11. two solutions
4
X=4.0851064 Y=7.0589632
2 12. one solution 13. two 14. two 15. two
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 16. none 17. two 18. two 19. one 20. none
Years since 1990
21. none 22. two 23. one 24. two
Review for Mastery 25. Answers will vary. 26. Answers will vary.
1. 21.07, 13.07 2. 2.72, 20.52 3. 20.93, 0.60
Algebra 1
A40 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Lesson 10.7, continued
26. on the x-axis; the graph opens upward and 18. quadratic 19. quadratic 20. a. quadratic
the discriminant is 0 27. above; the graph opens b. no; The salaries should not continue to fall; at
upward and the discriminant is negative some point they would rise. 21. linear
28. a. h 5 216t 2 1 42t b. yes; at about 0.9 sec; Practice Level B
ANSWERS
at about 1.7 sec 29. a. yes b. yes; First write
1. B 2. C 3. A
5 square feet as 720 square inches, substitute 720
y y
for y in the equation and solve. 4. 20
5.
3
Review for Mastery 12
1
1. two solutions 2. no solution 3. one solution 4
23 21 1 x
21
4. 2 5. 0 6. 1 23 21 1 3 x
24
6 3
Practice Level A
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. quadratic 2 1
23 21 1 3 x 1 3 5 x
5. quadratic 6. linear 7. linear 22
8. exponential 9. exponential
exponential quadratic
y y
10. 11.
6 10 10. exponential 11. linear 12. quadratic
2 6 13. linear 14. exponential 15. quadratic
26 22 2 6 x
22 2 16. linear 17. exponential
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
26
23 21
22
1 3 x 18. a. exponential; The graph rises quickly.
b.
linear exponential x 0 1 2 3 4
y y
12. 13. y 1 4 16 64 256
3 15
1 5
c. y 5 4 x 19. Answers will vary.
23 21 1 x 21 1 3 5 x 20. linear; V 5 275t 1 800
21 25
Practice Level C
quadratic linear 1. C 2. A 3. B
y y
14. 20
y
15. 3
y 4. 5. 18
6
12 1 6
2
21 1 3 5 x 26 22 2 6 x
4 21 26
25 23 21 1 x
22
21 1 3 5 x
24 23 218
Algebra 1
Chapter 10 Resource Book A41
Lesson 10.8, continued
6. 1
y
7. y Problem Solving Workshop:
22 2 6 10 x
6 Mixed Problem Solving
21
2 1. a. quadratic function b. y 5 20x 2, where y is
23 the power and x is the current
23 21 1 3 x
22
ANSWERS
21 1 3 5 7 x
144 feet
Algebra 1
A42 Chapter 10 Resource Book
Answers
Lesson 11.1 16. 6
y
domain: x ≥ 2;
range: y ≥ 0;
Practice Level A 2
horizontal translation
1. C 2. A 3. B 26 22
22
2 6 x
2 units right
4. y
domain: x ≥ 0;
ANSWERS
26
10 range: y ≥ 0;
vertical stretch by a
6
factor of 6 17. y
domain: x ≥ 23;
2 3 range: y ≥ 0;
22 2 6 10 x
1
horizontal translation
22
23 21 1 3 x
3 units left
5. y
domain: x ≥ 0; 21
1.0 range: y ≥ 0; 23
vertical shrink by a
0.6
factor of 0.4 18. y
domain: x ≥ 5;
0.2 6 range: y ≥ 0;
22 2 6 10 x
2
horizontal translation
20.2
22 2 6 10 x
5 units right
6. y
domain: x ≥ 0; 22
1 range: y ≤ 0; 26
21 1 3 5 x vertical stretch by a
21
factor of 2 and reflection 19. a. f domain: p ≥ 0;
700
range: f ≥ 0
Flow rate (gal/min)
23
in x-axis 600
500
25 400
300
200
7. B 8. F 9. D 10. E 11. A 12. C 100
13. 6
y
domain: x ≥ 0; 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 p
2
vertical translation
x b. 36 lb/in.2
26 22
22
2 6
5 units down
20. a. d domain: h ≥ 0;
(nautical miles)
20
range: d ≥ 0
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
26
Distance
15
10
14. y
domain: x ≥ 0; 5
0
3 range: y ≥ 3; 0 100 200 h
Eye level (feet)
1
vertical translation
3 units up b. about 292 nautical miles
23 21 1 3 x
21
Practice Level B
23
1. 14
y
domain: x ≥ 0;
15. y
domain: x ≥ 0; range: y ≥ 0;
6
range: y ≥ 26;
10
vertical stretch by
2
vertical translation 6 a factor of 7
x
26 22
22
2 6
6 units down 2
26 22 2 6 x
26
2. y
domain: x ≥ 0;
3 range: y ≥ 0;
1
vertical shrink by a
1
23 21 1 3 x factor of }5
21
23
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book A43
Lesson 11.1, continued
3. y
domain: x ≥ 0; 21. 3
y
domain: x ≥ 25;
2 range: y ≤ 0; range: y ≥ 24;
1
26 22
22
2 6 x vertical stretch by a vertical translation
25 23 21 1 3 x
factor of 4 and reflection 21 4 units down and
26
in x-axis horizontal translation
ANSWERS
23
210 5 units left
}
4. translate graph of y 5 Ï x horizontally 8 units 22. a. x domain: V ≥ 0;
}
right 5. translate graph of y 5 Ï x vertically 7
range: x ≥ 0
horizontally
}
7 units left 7. translate graph of 4
3
y 5 Ïx vertically
}
5 units down 8. translate graph 2
of y 5 Ïx vertically 3.5 units up 9. translate 1
0
} 1 0 200 400 V
graph of y 5 Ïx horizontally }2 unit right 10. E Volume
(cubic inches)
11. C 12. A 13. F 14. B 15. D
b. 225 in.3 c. 576 in.3
16. 3
y
domain: x ≥ 24;
range: y ≥ 24; 23. a. d domain: w ≥ 0;
Diameter (inches)
1
vertical translation
15
12
range: d ≥ 0
23 21 1 3 x
21 4 units down and 9
6
23
horizontal translation 3
4 units left 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 w
Weight (pounds)
17. y
domain: x ≥ 25; b. about 99 lb c. about 4 lb
range: y > 1;
vertical translation Practice Level C
1
25 23 21 1 3 x
1 unit up and horizontal 1. y
domain: x ≥ 0;
21
translation 5 units left 3 range: y ≥ 0;
23
1
vertical stretch by a
23 21
factor of 2.5
domain: x ≥ 6;
y 1 3 x
18. 21
range: y ≥ 4;
2
vertical translation
26 22 2 6 10 x
4 units up and 2. y
domain: x ≥ 0;
22
horizontal translation 1.8 range: y ≤ 0;
26 6 units right 0.6
vertical shrink by a
3
23 21 1 3 x factor of }5 and reflection
19. 6
y
domain: x ≥ 5; 20.6
in x-axis
range: y ≥ 27; 21.8
2
vertical translation
26 22
22
2 6 10 x
7 units down and 3. 0.75
y
domain: x ≥ 0;
horizontal translation range: y ≤ 0;
26 0.25
5 units right vertical shrink by a factor
23 21 1 3 x
20.25 of 0.25 and reflection in
20. y
domain: x ≥ 1; 20.75
x-axis
3 range: y ≥ 2;
1
vertical translation }
2 units up and 4. translate graph of y 5 Ï x horizontally
23 21 1 3 x }
21
horizontal translation 2.5 units left 5. translate graph of y 5 Ï x
23 1 unit right 3
vertically }2 units down 6. translate graph of
Algebra 1
A44 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Lesson 11.1, continued
}
y 5 Ïx vertically 12 units up 7. translate graph 22. a. t domain: h > 0;
Time (seconds)
2.5
} 1 2.0
range: t > 0
of y 5 Ïx horizontally }4 unit right 8. translate 1.5
} 1.0
graph of y 5 Ïx horizontally 5.5 units left 0.5
ANSWERS
0
} 3 0 5 10 15 20 25 h
9. translate graph of y 5 Ï x vertically } unit up
4 Height (meters)
Radius of gyration
6 range: y ≥ 24; 2.5
range: r > 1
2.0
(inches)
2
vertical translation 4 units 1.5
26 22 x
down and horizontal 1.0
0.5
translation 6 units left 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 d
26 Inside diameter (inches)
17. y
domain: x ≥ 1; b. about 3.3 in.
6 range: y ≤ 5; Review for Mastery
vertical translation 5 units
2
up, horizontal translation 1. 14
y domain: x ≥ 0;
26 22
22
2 6 x
1 unit right, and reflection range y ≥ 0; The graph is a
10 y54 x vertical stretch (by a factor}
26 in x-axis
6 of 4) of the graph of y 5 Ï x .
18. y
domain: x ≥ 3; 2 y5 x
3 range: y ≥ 23; 2 6 10 x
1
vertical translation 3 units 2. y domain: x ≥ 0;
21 1 3 5 x
down and horizontal 2
y5 x
range y ≤ 0; The graph is a
21
translation 3 units right 1 3 5 x vertical stretch (by a factor
22
23 y 5 26 x of 6) and a reflection in the
26 x-axis of the graph of y 5
19. y
domain: x ≥ 26; }
Ïx .
210
6 range: y ≤ 2;
vertical translation 2 units domain: x ≥ 0;
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
2 3. 7
y
26 22 x
up, horizontal translation range y ≥ 1; The graph is a
22
6 units left, and reflection 5
vertical translation (of 1 unit
}
26 in x-axis 3
y5 x11
up) of the graph of y 5 Ï x .
y5 x
20. 10
y
domain: x ≥ 7; 1
range: y ≥ 8; 1 3 5 x
6
vertical translation 8 units 4. 3
y domain: x ≥ 0;
2 up and horizontal range y ≥ 23; The graph
y5 x
2 6 10 14 x translation 7 units right 1
x is a vertical translation
1 3
21 (of 3 units down)}
of the
y5 x23 graph of y 5 Ï x .
21. y
domain: x ≥ 4.5; 23
6 range: y ≤ 2.5;
5. domain: x ≥ 22; range: y ≥ 24
2
vertical translation
x
22 2 6 10
2.5 units up, horizontal
22
translation 4.5 units right;
26 and reflection in x-axis
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book A45
Lesson 11.1, continued
Challenge Practice 5. y
y 5
1.
3 3
1 1
ANSWERS
21 1 3 5 x
25 23 21 1 x
The domain is all real numbers less than or equal The domain is all real numbers less than or equal
to 6. The range is all real numbers
}
greater than or to 2. The range is all real numbers greater than or
}
equal to 0. The graph of y 5 Ï6 2 x is a reflection equal to 3. The graph of y 5 Ï 2x 1 3 is a
in the y-axis and a horizontal translation
}
of reflection in the y-axis, a horizontal translation of
6 units right of the graph of y 5 Ï x . 2 units right, and a vertical translation of 3 units
}
2. y
up of the graph of y 5 Ï x .
21 1 3 5 7 x } }
21
6. y 5 Ï x 2 2 1 1 7. y 5 Ï 4 2 x
} }
23 8. y 5 2Ï x 1 1 9. y 5 2Ï 5 2 x 1 3
}
10. y 5 Ï x 1 1
The domain is all real numbers greater than or
equal to 0. The range is all real numbers less than Lesson 11.2
}
or equal to 0. The graph of y 5 2Ï 2 x is a Practice Level A
reflection in the x-axis and a vertical stretch
}
} } }
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. 3Ï 11 5. 2Ï 7 6. 3Ï 6
(by a factor of 2) of the graph of y 5 Ï x . } } }
y 7. 5Ï 2 8. 3Ï 3a 9. 4 x 10. 10 nÏ n
3. } }
27 25 23 21 x
} } Ï23 Ï10
11. 5p Ï 5p 12. 3Ï 5 13. }} 14. }}
23 Ï23 Ï10
} } } }
Ï 5x Ï5 Ï17 7Ï3 }
15. }} 16. } 17. } 18. } 19. 7Ï 5
Ï 5x 5 17 3
The domain is all real numbers less than or equal } } } }
to 1. The range is all real numbers less than or 20. 7Ï 2 21. 23Ï 7 22. 15Ï 2 23. 2Ï 2
} } } }
equal to 0. The graph of y 5 2Ï1 2 x is a 24. 5Ï 3 25. 2 1 Ï 2 26. 3 2 2Ï 3
}
reflection in the x-axis, a reflection in the y-axis, 27. 6 1 Ï 3 28. about 81.2 volts 29. a. 8 in.
and a horizontal} translation of 1 unit right of the b. 6 in.
graph of y 5 Ï x .
Practice Level C
} }
1. 3sÏ 5s 2. 14r 2 3. 15c 2Ï 2c
} }
4. 2m2n5 Ï 31 5. 11x3y 4 Ï x 6. a 2b
Algebra 1
A46 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Lesson 11.2, continued
}
} 11 d Ï10
7. 3y 2Ï 15x 8. } 9. } 10. } Lesson 11.3
4m 5 4
} }
m2Ï77m 5Ï 5x } } Practice Level A
11. } 12. } 13. Ï 15 2 Ï 3
11 2x 2 1. solution 2. not a solution 3. not a solution
} } }
ANSWERS
14. 214 1 3Ï 7 15. 6Ï 7 2 Ï 14 4. not a solution 5. solution 6. not a solution
} } } } } } }
16. 133 1 60Ï 3 17. 8Ï 3 1 Ï 2 2 Ï 6 2 24 7. Ï x 5 3 8. Ï x 5 4 9. Ï x 5 3
} }
}
5mÏ5mn 5Ï 7 1 Ï14
}
2Ï 3
} }
10. Ï x 1 5 5 9 11. Ï x 2 4 5 4
18. } n 19. } 20. } }
7 3 12. Ï 2x 1 3 5 13 13. 225 14. 64 15. 9
}
13Ïx 16. 9 17. 36 18. 72 19. 25 20. 3 21. 31
21. } 22. a. about 50 watts
2x 22. 7x 1 3 5 7x 2 1 23. 5x 2 8 5 1 2 6x
b. about 100 watts 23. a. about 1.5 m 2 24. 9 2 2x 5 25x 2 25. 4x 2 5 3x 1 1
b. about 1.6 m2 26. x 2 1 2x 1 1 5 1 2 3x
27. 4x 2 3 5 x 2 2 4x 1 4 28. 1 29. 6 30. 2
Review for Mastery
} } } } } 31. a. 16 ft b. 9 ft 32. a. 2 wk b. 5 wk
1. 6Ï 2 2. xÏ 3 3. 3y 2 Ï 5y 4. 6xÏ 3 5. 5Ï 2
} } } Practice Level B
} Ï5 xÏ2 3Ï 2x
6. 3x Ï 5y 7. } 8. } 9. } 1. not a solution 2. not a solution 3. solution
9 3y 2x
} } } 4. not a solution 5. solution 6. solution
10. 3Ï 7 1 8Ï 10 11. 23Ï 5
7. Add 5 to each side, then square each side,
Challenge Practice subtract 3 from each side, and divide each side
Ï2
}
} } } by 7. 8. Add 3 to each side, divide each side by
1. } 2. 24Ï 3 3. 10Ï 2 2 15Ï 3 6, square each side and solve the linear equation
4
} } } } for x. 9. Square each side and solve the
4. 4xÏ 6 1 12xÏ 2 2 xÏ 3 2 3x 5. y (10 1 Ï 2 ) resulting linear equation for x. 10. Divide each
6. 91.5 mi/h 7. 129.4 mi/h 8. 24,500 ft side by 2, square each side, and solve the result-
ing linear equation for x. 11. Add the second
Focus On 11.2 radical expression to each side, square each side,
Practice
and solve the resulting linear equation for x.
} 12. Add 2 to each side, square each side, and then
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
3} 3
Ïz 3} Ïy 3}
1. 9 2. 2 } 3. 7Ï x 4. 24 5. } 6. Ï 3 solve the resulting quadratic equation for x.
3 2
3} 3} 3} 3 } 13. 16 14. 80 15. 46 16. 42 17. 40
7. 2Ï 4 8. 24Ï 3 9. 2Ï x 10. 0 11. 6Ï p
3} 3} 3} 7 32 3 1
12. 0 13. 22Ï z 14. 4Ï 3 1 3Ï x 18. } 19. } 20. 4 21. } 22. } 23. 1
3} 3} 3} 3 5 2 4
15. 22Ï 2 2 2 16. 4Ï 2 2 2 Ï 4
3}
24. no solution 25. 6 26. no solution
17. 24Ï 5 2 5 18. 216 19. x 5 1
27. no solution 28. 2, 3 29. 6 30. no solution
Review for Mastery 31. a. about 560,000 subscriptions
3} 3}
Ïx 3} Ï25 3} 3} b. 312,500 subscriptions 32. about 94.25 ft2
1. 8 2. } 3. 2Ï
2
y 4. Ï4 5. }5
6. Ï 9
} 3} 3} 3} Practice Level C
3
7. 2Ï p 8. 6Ï 5 9. 2Ï 4 2 4Ïx
3} 3} 1. Subtract 1 from each side, square each side,
10. 5Ï 5 2 Ï 25 and then solve the resulting linear equation for x.
2. Subtract 15 from each side, square each side,
and then solve the resulting equation for x.
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book A47
Lesson 11.3, continued
3. Subtract 4 from each side, divide each side by b. about 1.07 times c. When the mass increases,
22, square each side, and then solve the resulting r decreases. That means that the rate of effusion
equation for x. 4. Add 5 to each side, divide each for the gas as compared to oxygen will get lower
side by 6, square each side, and then solve the and eventually when the mass is larger than 32,
resulting linear equation for x. 5. Square each the rate of effusion for the gas will be less than
ANSWERS
side and solve the resulting linear equation for x. 1 time greater than the rate of effusion for oxygen.
6. Add the second radical expression to each side, Challenge Practice
square each side, and solve the resulting linear } }}
equation for x. 7. Divide each side by 3, square 1. Ï x 2 2 3x 1 2 5 0 2. Ïx 3 2 7x 2 1 36 5 0
}}
each side, and then solve the resulting linear }
3. Ï x 3 2 x 5 0 4. Ï x3 2 2x 2 1 x 5 0
equation for x. 8. Square each side and solve the
}}
resulting quadratic equation for x. 9. Subtract x
5. Ï 8 x 3 2 12 x 2 2 2 x 1 3 5 0
from each side, square each side, and solve the
resulting quadratic equation for x. } }
6. x 5 Ï 3 2 2x 7. x 5 2Ï 3 2 2x
20 } }
10. no solution 11. } 12. no solution 13. 11 8. x 5 2Ï 20 1 x 9. x 5 Ï 20 1 x
3
} }
14. 1 15. no solution 16. 4 17. no solution 10x 2 x 3 10x 2 x 3
2 1 1
18. } 19. 3 20. 10 21. 2 22. } 23. 4 24. }
10. x 5
Ï }
3
11. x 5 2 }
Ï 3
3 4 4 }}
3
25. Answers will vary. 26. a. about 4.8°C
b. 0 m/sec 27. a. about 38.9 in. b. about 155.6 in.
Ï15 2 x7 2 7x
12. x 5 }
}}
3
Review for Mastery Ï15 2 x7 2 7x
13. x 5 2 }
1. 9 2. 39 3. 3 4. 7 }}
14. x 5 2Ï x 3 2 44x 1 84
Problem Solving Workshop: }}
15. x 5 Ï x 3 2 44x 1 84
Mixed Problem Solving
1. a. y b. 2004 Lesson 11.4
260
Revenue (millions of dollars)
250
240
Practice Level A
230 1. legs: x, y; hypotenuse: z 2. legs: m, n;
25
} } } } }
20 c. about 32 meters per 1. Ï 26 2. Ï 65 3. 6Ï 2 4. Ï 95 5. 2Ï 17
15
10 second } } } }
5
6. 6Ï 26 7. Ï 241 8. 6Ï 2 9. 10Ï 5 10. 50
}
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 v0 11. 20 12. 11Ï 5 13. 2, 8 14. 12, 16, 20
Initial velocity
15. 9, 12, 15 or 15, 36, 39 16. 4 in., 7 in.
3. Answers will vary. 4. 49 5. a. 625 joules 17. not a right triangle 18. right triangle
b. The kinetic energy increases. Since the velocity 19. not a right triangle 20. about 155 in.
increases, that means the right-hand side of the
21. about 33 ft 22. about 9.2 ft
equation must increase. Since the mass stays
constant, that means the kinetic energy must Practice Level C
} } }
increase. 6. Answers will vary. 7. a. 4 times 1. 15 2. 5Ï 11 3. Ï 18.25 4. Ï 42.75
Algebra 1
A48 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Lesson 11.4, continued
} } } }
5. Ï 19.24 6. Î 19.01 7. Ï 273.44 8. Ï 4.29 22. right triangle 23. not a right triangle
} } }
9. Ï 0.4 10. Ï 151.21 11. Ï 221.44 24. not a right triangle 25. right triangle
}
12. Ï 0.58 13. 5 in., 9 in. 14. 4 in., 8 in. 26. right triangle 27. not a right triangle
15. 6 in., 10 in. 16. right triangle 28. a. book and basket; about 447 ft
ANSWERS
17. not a right triangle 18. not a right triangle b. book and backpack; about 894 ft
29. a. about 12 mi b. (4, 7) c. about 3 mi;
19. about 25 ft 20. about 10 mi
21. No, because 152 1 182 5 549 Þ 529 5 232 1 }52, }92 2; Find the midpoint between (1, 2) and
Review for Mastery (4, 7) and then find the distance between these
points.
1. 15 2. 7 inches 3. no 4. no 5. yes
Algebra 1
Chapter 11 Resource Book A49
Lesson 11.5, continued
108 65
7. a 5 22, } 8. a 5 5, }
61 187
9. a 5 0, a 5 24 10. b 5 0, a > 0 11. 25 mi
12. 10 mi 13. 38 min
ANSWERS
F R A T I O N A L I Z I N G
L L A S E F S H Q N K P M S
X E X D I S T A N C E F C I
P A G T I F A H F I N R O M
O U F S M C M J C M A U N P
N Y M D I D A H G U E E J L
E R I W D R P L K Y R K U E
M T D A P I L Q B A O M G S
E C P E O S E U U K G V A T
R K O X I T F Q R Q A R T F
O Z T D N A S N P O H S E O
E S Z R T C T C Y A T A S R
H P E S U N E T O P Y H I M
T R I P L E U F I Z P L X N
J W Q P S U O E N A R T X E
Algebra 1
A50 Chapter 11 Resource Book
Answers
214 25 25
Lesson 12.1 26. y 5 } ; 27 27. y 5 } ; } 28. no
x x 2
Practice Level A 22
29. yes; y 5 } 30. direct variation
x
1. direct variation 2. inverse variation
31. inverse variation
3. neither 4. inverse variation
ANSWERS
4000
32. a. t 5 } b. 125 h
5. inverse variation 6. direct variation p
7. direct variation 8. neither 33. s yes; Answers will
except 0 3
except 0 3
23 3 9 x
23 23 3 9 x
23
23 26 22 2
22
29
26
except 0 3
x
except 0 2
29 23 3
23 22 2 6 x
22
29
except 0 2
except 0 2
x
22 2 6 x
22 26 22 2
22
26
3 3
19. C 20. B 21. A 22. y 5 } ; }
x 2
8 18 216
23. y 5 } ; 4 24. y 5 } ; 9 25. y 5 } ; 28
x x x
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book A51
Lesson 12.1, continued
3
5
2 s5
t
1
15. Domain and range: y
12
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t
all real numbers Time (hours)
4
except 0
4 12 x
Practice Level C
1. direct variation 2. inverse variation
3. neither 4. inverse variation
16. Domain and range: y
5. inverse variation 6. direct variation
all real numbers
except 0 3
x 7. neither 8. direct variation
29 23 3
23 9. inverse variation
29 10. Domain and range: y
211 11 144
22. y 5 } ; 2} 23. y 5 } ; 72
x 2 x
72 50
24. y 5 }; 36 25. y 5 } ; 25 13. Domain and range: y
x x
228 36 all real numbers
26. y 5 } ; 214 27. y 5 } ; 18 3
x x except 0 x
236 2200 29 23 3
28. y 5 } ; 218 29. y 5 } ; 2100 23
x x
55 55 20 29
30. y 5 } ; } 31. no 32. yes; y 5 }
x 2 x
18 14. Domain and range: y
33. no 34. yes; y 5 } 15
x all real numbers
2400 except 0 5
35. a. t 5 } p b. 120 minutes c. 300 minutes 5 15 x
2500
36. a. V 5 } b. 10 lb/in.3
P
Algebra 1
A52 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Lesson 12.1, continued
Number of months
1
except 0 7
23 21 1 3 x 6
21
5
ANSWERS
4
23
3
2
16. Domain and range: y
3
1
0
all real numbers 0 100 200 300 400 a
1 Amount saved each month
except 0 (dollars)
21 1 3 x
21
400
c. m 5 }
a
Review for Mastery
17. Domain and range: y
21.2
except 0 2
26 22 2 6 x
22
18. Domain and range: y
12
all real numbers
4
except 0
4 12 x
6. Domain and range: y
except 0 2
26 22
251 51 144 22
2 6 x
19. y 5 } ; 2} 20. y 5 } ; 72
x 2 x
26
242 36
21. y 5 }; 221 22. y 5 } ; 18
x x 7. Domain and range: y
230 49 49 all real numbers
23. y 5 } ; 215 24. y 5 } ; } 3
x x 2 except 0
2150 120 1
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
244 2114
27. y 5 } ; 222 28. y 5 } ; 257 23
x x
105 105 70
29. y 5 } ; } 30. y 5 }; 35 8. Domain and range: y
x 2 x
all real numbers
210
6
16
31. yes; y 5 } 32. yes; y 5 } except 0
x x 2
x
299,008 26 22
33. a. f 5 } b. 1.024 3 105 hertz
2 6
22
w
26
34. a.
a 40 50 80 100 200 400
16
9. y 5 }; y 5 24
m 10 8 5 4 2 1 x
Challenge Practice
As the amount of money you save each month
increases, the number of months you need to a
1. x 5 }; inverse variation
save decreases. dv
a
2. v 5 } y; direct variation
bd
dkc
3. u 5 }; inverse variation
w
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book A53
Lesson 12.1, continued
u
ck
7. w 5 }; inverse variation
x
a 12. 6
y domain: all reals except 26;
8. v 5 } w; direct variation range: all reals except 0;
dkc
2
ck horizontal translation 6 units
9. w 5 } y; direct variation 210 22 x
b 22 to the left
b
10. y 5 }; inverse variation 26
kz
1
11. a 5 21 12. c 5 22 13. x 5 2} 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. x 5 8, y 5 0
3
1 1 17. x 5 0, y 5 214 18. x 5 6, y 5 5
14. y 5 2} 15. x 5 2}
4 500 19. x 5 213, y 5 1 20. x 5 210, y 5 22
210
1 1 1 x 175
2
3 3 150
125
100
75
50
9. y domain: all reals except 0; 25
range: all reals except 0; 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 p
2
x vertical stretch and Number of people
26 22 2
22 reflection in x-axis
26. f
26 175
flowers per person
Average number of
150
125
10. 10
y domain: all reals except 0; 100
400
75 f5
range: all reals except 4; 50
31p
6
vertical translation 4 units 25
0
up 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 p
26 22 2 6 x Number of extra workers
22
Algebra 1
A54 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Lesson 12.2, continued
ANSWERS
10
except 26; range: all reals except 28 3
6
5. domain: all reals except 23; range: all reals 1
except 3 6. domain: all reals except 3; range: all 22 2 6 10 x
21
reals except 22 23 21 1 3 x
7. y
6
domain: all reals except 0; 24. 6
y
26
Cost (dollars/person)
1 x 120
100
80
60
40
140
120
10. y domain: all reals except 0; 100
23 21 1 3 x
22 range: all reals except 27; 80
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
60
26
vertical translation 7 units 40
down 20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 p
Number of extra workers
12. 3
y domain: all reals except 4;
range: all reals except 0; 2. y
3
domain: all reals except 0;
1
horizontal translation 4 units range: all reals except 0;
10 x
21
6
right 1
vertical shrink
1 3 x
23
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book A55
Lesson 12.2, continued
22 6 10 x
23 22
5. 3
y domain: all reals except 0; 17. y 18. 2
y
26
vertical translation 9 units 25
20
down 15
225
10 n5
61p
5
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 p
7. 10
y domain: all reals except 0; Number of extra parents
range: all reals except 5;
6
vertical translation 5 units 17.25
20. a. C 5 }
2 up 41r
26 22 b. about 4 rentals
Average cost per
2 6 x C
rental (dollars)
22 4
3
Algebra 1
A56 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Lesson 12.2, continued
1 3
3. y The graph of y 5 } x 1 10
4. vertical asymptote: x 5 };
4
1
y 5 x 1 10 6 is a horizontal translation horizontal asymptote: y 5 2
2 (of 10 units to the left) of y
1
26 2 x the graph of y 5 }x . 6
ANSWERS
1
y5 Domain: all real numbers
x
26
except 10; Range: all real
26 22 2 6 x
numbers except 0. 22
4. y
6 4
5. vertical asymptote: x 5 2};
3
2
1
26 22
22
2 6 x horizontal asymptote: y 5 2}4
26 y
6
26 22 2 x
Challenge Practice
1. vertical asymptote: x 5 2;
horizontal asymptote: y 5 4
23 7
y
6. f (x) 5 } 1 2 7. f (x) 5 } 1 1
2x 2 6 7x 2 1
6 6
8. f (x) 5 } 2 1 9. f (x) 5 }
6
2x 2 2 2x 1 1
2
24
22 6 x 10. f (x) 5 } 1 2
22x 1 3
1
2. vertical asymptote: x 5 2};
Lesson 12.3
2
Practice Level A
horizontal asymptote: y 5 23
y 1. 3x 2 2. 23x 3. 21 4. 3x 2 2 2x 1 6
6
5. 2x 2 1 3x 2 4 6. 2x 3 2 2x 2 2 3x
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
2
7. 4x 3 2 x 1 2 8. x 2 2 3x 2 2
26 22 2 6 x
9. 2x 2 1 4x 2 5 10. A 11. C 12. B
13. x 1 4 14. x 2 5
15. x 2 6 16. x2y 1 3x 1 2
3. vertical asymptote: x 5 21;
horizontal asymptote: y 5 1 20h 1 5
17. a. C 5 }
h
y
b.
Average cost per
C
hour (dollars)
50
2 40
26 22 2 6 x 30
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 h
Number of hours rented
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book A57
Lesson 12.3, continued
1 1
18. a. R 5 } 1 } Practice Level C
6 24(t 1 5)
1. 3x 3 2 4x 1 2 2. 212x 2 1 8x 1 3
b. R
sold to total cars sold
Ratio of sports cars
0.178 27 5
0.176 3. 7x 1 16 1 } 4. x 1 4 2 }
x22 x21
0.174
ANSWERS
0.172 54 4
5. 3x 1 8 1 } 6. x 1 3 2 }
0.170 x24 x13
0.168
0 17 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t 7. 2x 2 10 1 } 8. 3x 2 1 2 }
Years since 1995
2x 1 2 3x 1 1
2 9
9. 5x6y4 2 x4y3 2 } y 10. 8a2b2 1 2b 2 } a
Practice Level B 3 7
11. y 12. y
1. 3x 2 2 4x 1 2 2. x 2 2 3x 1 6 9
15
3. 211x 3 1 9x 2 3 4. x 1 1 5. 5x 2 3 3
29 x
10 23
6. 4x 1 5 7. 6x 2 2 8. 4x 1 9 1 } 25 5 15 x
x22 25
29
9. 5x2y3 1 2x 2 1 10. 3a2 1 2ab 2 1
13. y
11. y 12. y
12
6 x
4 215 25
2
212 4 12 x
26 22 2 6 x 215
22
212
24 1 0.06m
13. y 14. a. C 5 }
m
6
b. C
28
2
Average cost per
24
mile (dollars)
6 x 20
16
12
8
4
40h 1 4.5
14. a. C 5 }
1 1049
hour (dollars)
70
15. a. R 5 } 1 }}
60 6 546t 1 12,552
50
b.
sold to total shoes sold
Ratio of walking shoes
40 R
30 0.255
0 0.250
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 h 0.245
Time (hours) 0.240
0.235
0.230
1 23
15. a. R 5 } 1 } 0
0 1 2 3 4 t
2 2(2t 1 9)
Years since 1999
b.
sold to total drinks sold
R
Ratio of fruit drinks
1.8
1.5 Review for Mastery
1.2
0.9
1. 2p2 2 5p 1 6 2. 6r2 1 4r 2 11
0.6
3. 25t 2 2 2t 1 6 4. 4x 1 3
0.3
0 4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t 5. 3x 2 2 1 } 6. 2x 1 5
Years since 1995 8x 2 1
3
7. 4x 2 7 1 }
4x 2 7
Algebra 1
A58 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Lesson 12.3, continued
ANSWERS
96x 1 31 17. } ; x 5 0 18. 2; x 5 22
5. 5x 2 2 15x 1 37 2 } 2x
x 2 1 3x 1 1
6. 18x 3 1 3x 2 1 30x 1 5 19. in simplest form; x 5 5
1
7. x 4 1 9x 3 1 14x 2 2 27x 2 5 20. } ; x 5 26, 6
x16
8. 6x 3 1 2x2 1 3x 1 6
21. in simplest form; x 5 210, 10
9. x 5 1 6x 3 1 x 2 1 7x 1 4 2(2x) 1 2x 3
22. a. } b. }
10. x 4 1 x 3 1 x 2 1 x 1 2 11. x 1 3 2x(x) x
2x 1 1 245t 1 32,800
12. x 2 4 1 } 13. x 2 2 5x 1 3 23. a. R 5 }} b. R 5 }
49t 1 6560
x 2 1 2x 1 1 465t 1 56,780 93t 1 11,356
14. 2x 3 1 5x 2 1 15. x 2 2 5
Practice Level B
1. x 5 0 2. x 5 5 3. x 5 210 4. x 5 2
Focus On 12.3
7
5. x 5 23 6. x 5 2} 7. x 5 1 8. x 5 26, 2
Practice 3
2 9. x 5 25, 5 10. 22x; x 5 0 11. 6; x 5 4
1. x 1 3 2. x 1 1 3. x2 2 2x 2 }
x22 1
12. 24; x 5 3 13. } ; x 5 211, 11
5 x 2 11
4. 2x3 2 2x2 1 x 1 1 2 } 5. x2 2 x 2 1
x11 1
1 14. } ; x 5 23, 27
x17
6. 2x2 2 x 2 2 7. x2 1 x 1 1 2 }
x15 1
8 5 15. in simplest form; x 5 23, 28 16. }
8. x2 2 3 2 } 9. x3 1 x2 2 2x 2 2 2 } 2x
x23 x21
3x 1 5 3x 1 2
1 17. } 18. }
10. x2 1 x 1 6 11. x2 1 1 2 } 12. x2 1 2 x(x 1 5) x(x 1 1)
1
x2} 2 2(4x 1 3) 1 2(4x 2 2) 8x 1 1
19. a. }} b. }}
13. No. To use synthetic division, the divisor must (4x 1 3)(4x 2 2) (4x 1 3)(2x 2 1)
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book A59
Lesson 12.4, continued
2[x 1 x 1 (x 1 3)] 2842 1 337x
15. a. }}} 7. a. N 5 }; about 9 million
1
F2
2 } (x 1 3 1 2x 1 4)(x 2 1) G b.
500 1 14x
The number of
N
Number of new
trucks sold from
b. }} 8
(3x 1 7)(x 2 1) 7 1993 to 2002
ANSWERS
6
6(t 1 4) 5
increased.
16. a. }} 2 4
0.01t 2 0.5t 1 18
0
b. about 4 hundred thousand 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
Years since 1993
c. A
(hundreds of thousands)
7
c. You cannot use the model to conclude that the
Number of flyers
6
5 revenue of the new trucks sold had increased
4
3
because the prices may have decreased which led
2 to more trucks being sold.
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 t
Challenge Practice
Years since 1995 1. a 5 7 2. b 5 9 3. c 5 1
4. d 5 2 5. e 5 2
The number of flyers increased as time went by. 5 5
6. p(x) 5 2x 2 2 6x 1 }, q(x) 5 4x 2 2 11x 1 }
Review for Mastery 2 2
7. p(x) 5 2x 2 1 7x 1 5, q(x) 5 x 2 2 2x 2 3
1. 3 2. 24, 4 3. no excluded values 4. 26, 2
1 4x 8. p(x) 5 2x 2 1 x 2 1, q(x) 5 2x 2 1 9x 2 5
5. }2 , x Þ 0 6. } x Þ 3
5x x 23 9. p(x) 5 x 4 2 1, q(x) 5 2x 4 1 x 2 2 1
5
7. simplest form, x Þ 23 8. }, x Þ 0, x Þ 22 10. p(x) 5 6x 3 1 13x 2 1 8x 1 3,
3x q(x) 5 3x 3 2 x 2 2 x 2 1
x16
9. }, x Þ 27, x Þ 9
x29
Lesson 12.5
2x 1 5
10. }, x Þ 22.5, x Þ 2.5
2x 2 5 Practice Level A
Problem Solving Workshop: 7 1
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. 21x 5. }2 6. }
6x x
Mixed Problem Solving
x 5 1
397,000 2 15,500x 7. } 8. 6x 2 9. }2 10. }
Algebra 1
A60 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Lesson 12.5, continued
1250
19. } ; about $8.74 per unit 16. No, when the fraction is in the denominator,
150 2 t 3 3
the value of the expression is 1 ? }2 5 }2. When
Practice Level C
the fraction is in the numerator, the value of the
7(x 1 1) 1 x24 x5 1 1 1
1. x 2. } 3. 2} 4. } 5. } expression is }2 ? }3 5 }6.
ANSWERS
9x(x 1 3) 2 3x 9
2(x 1 3)(x 1 6) x14 a2 2 b2
}
6. 4(2x 2 5) 7. }} 8. } a2b a2 2 b2 1 a2 2 b2
x2 1 6 x(5x 1 16) 17. Yes. } 5}?}5}
2 2
and
a1b a2b a1b a 2b
2 x 2(x 2 2 5)(x 2 7) a2 2 b2
9. 21 10. } 11. }} }
x(x 1 4) 4(x 2 2 7) a1b a2 2 b2 1 a2 2 b2
} 5}?}5}
2 2
, so the
6(x 2 4) a2b a1b a2b a 2b
3 x2 1 4
12. } 13. } 14. } complex fractions are equivalent.
2x 2 1 x 2x 2
15. (x 1 6)(x 2 6) 16. (2x 1 1)(x 2 7) Review for Mastery
1 5 x 7x x
500(t 1 20) 1. } 2. } 3. } 4. } 5. }}
17. A 5 } ; about $13,529 18 2 10 2 3(x 2 5)(x 2 4)
1 2 0.05t 2
5(3122t 1 13,124) 6. }}
(x 1 6)(x 2 6)
18. a. x 5 }}
7(t 1 42)
Answers will vary. Lesson 12.6
Average number of cars
b.
admitted per month
800
600 Practice Level A
400
3 2 1 2 x14 x 2 27
200 1. } 2. } 3. } 4. }3 5. } 6. }
4x x 3x 2 x 2x 9x
0
2x 1 7 2 2x 1 4
7. } 8. } 9. } 10. 10x
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 5x x2 x21
Years since 1988
11. 12x 3 12. x(x 1 1) 13. x(x 2 4)
Review for Mastery
14. (x 1 2)(x 1 4) 15. (x 2 3)(x 1 7)
2(x 1 1) 3x x15 2(x 1 4) 40x 2 1 3 7x 2 2 1 73
1. } 2. } 3. } 4. } 16. } 17. } 18. }
3(x 1 6) x22 3x(x 2 6) x25 15x 2x 36x
Challenge Practice 2(5 2 12x) 7x 1 16 9(x 1 2)
19. } 20. } 21. }}
2 x(x 1 4) (x 2 2)(x 1 7)
Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved.
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book A61
Lesson 12.6, continued
x16 25
20. } 21. }} Challenge Practice
x23 (x 1 1)(x 1 4)(x 2 4)
12x 2 2 72x 1 60 2x 2 1 1
8 8 1. w 5 }} 2
2. w 5 }
22. a. t 5 } 1 } b. 6 h c. about 1.0 h 9x 1 6x 1 1 x 1 2x 2 1 6
4
r21 r11 2x 2
2x 2 2x 1 13
50 50 3. w 5 } 4. w 5 }}
3x 2 1 210x 1 5
ANSWERS
Algebra 1
A62 Chapter 12 Resource Book
Lesson 12.7, continued
} }
3 6 Ï89 5 6 Ï35 19 5 1175.8 1 213.3x
7. } 8. } 9. 2} 10. 2}, 21 6. a. C 5 }}}
10 2 3 3 (1 1 0.107x)(356.2 1 28.1x 2 3.2x 2)
3 b. $3.34
11. 22, 21 12. 21 13. no solution 14. 2}
2 c.
ANSWERS
Average cost
3.40
3
in the r% account and $3000 in the (r 1 1)% 3.30
3.20
account 3.10
3.00
19. a. 0.00
0 1 2 3 4 x
Years since 1997
Fraction
Fraction The average cost decreased from 1997 to 1998
of roof Time
Person of roof and then increased from 1998 to 2002. You cannot
completed (hours)
completed use the graph to describe how the amount of
each hour
passenger fares changed during the period because
1 24
Expert } 24 } this graph just shows the average cost. You do not
x x
know what happened to the number of passengers
3 72 during this period.
Assistant }
5x
24 }
5x
Challenge Practice
24 72 1
b. Answers will vary. c. } 1 } 5 1; 38.4 h 1. a 5 }, b 5 4 2. a 5 1, b 5 9
x 5x 2
d. 64 h 3. a 5 24, b 5 4 4. a 5 49, b 5 5
approximation of the model for the years shown Chapter Review Game
is 1964. In 1964, Clemente had a career batting x13 x(x 1 4)
average of 0.307 and the estimate of the model is 1. y 5 2 2. 4x 1 5 3. } 4. }
2x 1 1 2(x 2 2)
0.306. 3. Answers will vary. 3x 213x 2 35
5. }} 6. }} 7. x 5 9
6003 1 1216.23x 1 58.05x 2 (x 1 5)(x 1 6) x(x 1 3)(x 1 7)
4. a. S 5 }}}
1 1 0.17x 1 0.007x 2
8. x 5 0 or x 5 2
b. about 6,684,000 students 5. 5
VINCULUM
Algebra 1
Chapter 12 Resource Book A63