Pliable, Permeable Building Underlays: New Zealand Standard

NZS 2295:2006
Incorporating Amendment No. 1
New Zealand Standard
Pliable, permeable
building underlays
NZS 2295:2006
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NZS 2295:2006
COMMITTEE REPRESENTATION
This Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee P 2295 for the Standards Council established under the Standards
Act 1988.
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The committee consisted of representatives of the following nominating organisations:
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Architectural Designers New Zealand (ADNZ)
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Building Officials’ Institute of New Zealand (BOINZ)
Building Research Association of New Zealand (BRANZ)
Business NZ
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Certified Builders’ Association of New Zealand
Cladding Institute of New Zealand (CINZ)
Department of Building and Housing
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Design Association of New Zealand (DANZ)
New Zealand Building Industry Federation
New Zealand Metal Roofing Manufacturers Inc. (NZMRM)
Registered Master Builders’ Federation
Roofing Association of NZ (RANZ) sN
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Standards New Zealand gratefully acknowledges the contribution of time and expertise from all those involved in developing
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this standard.
COPYRIGHT
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The copyright in this document is owned by the Crown and administered by the New Zealand Standards Executive. You may
not reproduce any part of it without prior written permission of the New Zealand Standards Executive, unless your actions
are permitted by the Copyright Act 1994.
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We will vigorously defend the copyright in this standard. Your unauthorised use may result in penalties being imposed
under the Copyright Act 1994 including fines of up to $10,000 for every infringing copy (up to a maximum of $150,000 for
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the same transaction and for other specified offences) or imprisonment of up to 5 years. If the breach is serious, we may
also seek additional damages from you as well as injunctive relief and/or an account of profits.
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Published by Standards New Zealand, PO Box 1473, Wellington 6140.

Telephone: (03) 943 4259, Website: www.standards.govt.nz.
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AMENDMENTS
No. Date of issue Description Entered by, and date

1 September The purpose of this amendment to NZS 2295 is to include the Incorporated in this
2017 performance requirements, related test methods, and limitations edition.
of use for synthetic underlays in roofs. There have also been some
minor changes to the specifications and limitations for wall underlays,
including deletion of W1 class due to non-use.
NZS 2295:2006
Incorporating Amendment No. 1
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Pliable, permeable
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building underlays
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ISBN (Print) 978-1-77673-125-1

ISBN (PDF) 978-1-77673-126-8
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NZS 2295:2006 Pliable, permeable building underlays
CONTENTS
Committee representation ......................................................................................... IFC
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Acknowledgement ..................................................................................................... IFC
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Copyright ................................................................................................................. IFC
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Referenced documents .................................................................................................4
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Foreword .....................................................................................................................6
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Sep’17
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Review of Standards .....................................................................................................6
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Section
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1 GENERAL..............................................................................................................7
1.1 Objective ......................................................................................................7
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1.2 Scope ...........................................................................................................7
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1.3 Interpretation ................................................................................................8
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1.4 Definitions.....................................................................................................8 Sep’17
2 WALL UNDERLAYS ............................................................................................11
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2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................11
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2.2 Material properties .....................................................................................11
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2.3 Application .................................................................................................13
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3 ROOF UNDERLAYS ............................................................................................14
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3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................14
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3.2 Material properties .....................................................................................14
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3.3 Application .................................................................................................16 Sep’17
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4 IDENTIFICATION .................................................................................................17
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4.1 Synthetic underlays ....................................................................................17
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4.2 Kraft-based underlays ................................................................................18
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Appendix
A Underlay installation (Informative) .......................................................................19
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B Underlay classification (Normative) ....................................................................23
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C Underlay applications (Informative) ....................................................................24

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Table
2.2 Mechanical strength properties for wall underlays .............................................12

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2.3 Test methods for mechanical strength of wall underlays....................................12

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2.3A Correlation between accelerated and natural UV weathering (approximate) –
wall underlays .....................................................................................................12
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2.4 Underlay type based on absorbency configurations ..........................................13

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3.2 Mechanical strength properties for roof underlays .............................................15
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3.3 Test methods for mechanical strength of roof underlays ...................................15
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3.4 Correlation between accelerated and natural UV weathering (approximate) –
roof underlays .....................................................................................................16
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A1 Requirements for laps in building underlay ........................................................19
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B1 Classification of building underlay types ............................................................23
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C2 Pliable roof underlay applications .......................................................................24 Sep’17
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COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand 3
REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
Reference is made in this document to the following:
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NEW ZEALAND STANDARD
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Sep’17 NZS 3604:2011 Timber-framed buildings

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JOINT/ADOPTED AUSTRALIAN/NEW ZEALAND STANDARDS
AS/NZS 1170: Structural design actions
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Sep’17 Part 2:2011
Wind actions
AS/NZS 1301: Methods of test for pulp and paper
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Part 421s:1998 Determination of the pH value of aqueous extracts of paper,

board and pulp – Cold extraction method
AS/NZS 4200: Pliable building membranes and underlays
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Sep’17 Part 1:2017 Materials

AS/NZS 4201: Pliable building membranes and underlays – Methods of test
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Part 3:1994 Shrinkage

Part 4:1994 Resistance to water penetration

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Part 6:1994 Surface water absorbency

AS/NZS 1301: Methods of test for pulp and paper

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Part 448s:2007 Tensile strength of paper and paperboard (constant rate of

Sep’17 elongation method)
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NZS/AS 1530: Methods for fire tests on building materials, components and

structures
Part 2:1993 Test for flammability of materials

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
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ISO 5636: Paper and board – Determination of air permeance (medium

range)
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Sep’17 Part 5:2013 Gurley method

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4 COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand

AMERICAN STANDARDS
ASTM D882:2012 Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic

sheeting
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ASTM E96/E96M:2016 Standard test methods for water vapor transmission of
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materials
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ASTM G154:2012a Standard practice for operating fluorescent ultraviolet (UV)

lamp apparatus for exposure of nonmetallic materials
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ASTM G155:2013 Standard practice for operating xenon arc light apparatus for

exposure of non-metallic materials
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AUSTRALIAN STANDARD
AS 4200 Pliable building membranes and underlays
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Part 2:2017 Installation Sep’17
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OTHER STANDARD
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TAPPI T470:1986 Edge tearing resistance of paper (Edge-tear stirrup method)

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OTHER PUBLICATION
New Zealand Metal Roofing Manufacturers Inc. NZ metal roof and wall cladding code of Amd 1
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practice. Version 2.2, 2012. Sep’17

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NEW ZEALAND LEGISLATION

Department of Building and Housing, New Zealand Building Code (NZBC) and Compliance
Documents
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LATEST REVISIONS
The users of this Standard should ensure that their copies of the above-mentioned New
Zealand Standards and referenced overseas Standards are the latest revisions or include
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the latest amendments. Amendments to referenced New Zealand and joint Australian/
New Zealand Standards can be found on www.standards.co.nz
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Foreword
This Standard gives the property requirements and test methods for pliable and permeable
underlay material to be used for roofs and walls.
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This Standard is limited to pliable breather type building underlays. This Standard does
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not include insulation, foils, rigid barriers, non-breather type pliable building underlays
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or vapour barriers.
NZS 2295:1988 was originally developed by way of amendment from BS 4016 Specification
for flexible building membranes (breather type). That Standard was superseded by AS/NZS
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4200:Part 1:1994 Pliable building membranes and underlays and was subsequently
withdrawn in 1999. NZS 2295:2006 was updated and superseded AS/NZS 4200:Part 1:1994
for permeable underlays only.
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Amendment No. 1 to NZS 2295 Pliable, permeable building underlays was driven by the
need for a Standard that reflects up-to-date test methods and products that are currently
in use within the New Zealand building industry. When NZS 2295:2006 was originally
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developed it allowed the use of synthetic underlays limited, however, to use in walls.
Further research and in-service performance with synthetic roofing underlays has since
been completed and reviewed.
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This amendment incorporates the following changes to the previous editions:
(a) Inclusion of performance requirements, related test methods, and limitations of use
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for synthetic roofing underlays,
(b) Minor changes to specifications and limitations for wall underlays, including deletion
of W1 class due to non-use;
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(c) Updating reference documents.

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The Standard is intended to provide practical guidance for manufacturers and importers of
underlay material intended to be used in New Zealand, and for users specifying underlay
to select the appropriate products.
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This Standard sets out the provisions related to ensuring underlays have properties
that help demonstrate that, when those underlays are used within cladding systems on
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buildings, the building work will comply with the New Zealand Building Code, and also
Sep’17 provides practical information on good industry practice.
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REVIEW OF STANDARDS
Suggestions for improvement of this Standard are welcome. They should be sent to the
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Manager, Standards New Zealand, PO Box 1473, Wellington 6140.


Pliable, permeable building underlays
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1 GENERAL
1.1 Objective
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The objective of this Standard is to provide for proof of compliance with the relevant
sections of the following New Zealand Building Code clauses:
B2 DURABILITY

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C3 SPREAD OF FIRE

E2 EXTERNAL MOISTURE

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C1.1
Other requirements to do with the construction process such as temporary protection
or allowing the transmittance of light are outside the scope of this Standard.
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1.2 Scope
The scope of this Standard is as follows.
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1.2.1 Wall underlays

The scope of this Standard includes wall underlays fitted:
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(a) Behind wall claddings directly fixed to timber, steel framing or thermal breaks of the
steel framing; and
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(b) Behind battens that form a drained and ventilated cavity behind wall claddings fixed
to timber or behind the thermal break of steel framing.
1.2.2 Roof underlays

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The scope of this Standard includes roof underlays under roof claddings.
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1.2.3 Materials outside scope

The scope of this Standard does not include:
(a) Rigid materials used in place of pliable wall or roof underlay;

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(b) Pliable membranes used as insulation;
(c) Vapour barriers and vapour control layers as used under concrete slabs or suspended
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timber floors;
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(d) Vapour barriers and vapour control layers behind wall or roof claddings; or Sep’17
(e) Foil laminates.

NOTE – Foil laminates used as underlay are covered in AS/NZS 4200.1.
1.2.4 Installation

This Standard does not cover installation; however, some guidance on recommended
industry practice is provided in Appendix A to assist users to meet the requirements of
this Standard.

1.3 Interpretation
For the purposes of this Standard, the word “shall” identifies a mandatory requirement for
compliance with this Standard. The word “should” refers to practices which are advised
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or recommended.
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1.3.1 Commentary clauses

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Clauses prefixed by “C” and printed in italic type are intended as comments on the
corresponding mandatory clauses. They are not to be taken as the only or complete
interpretation of the corresponding clause, nor should they be used for determining in
any way the mandatory requirements of compliance within this Standard.
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1.3.2 Referenced documents

The full titles of reference documents cited in this Standard are given in the list of
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Referenced Documents immediately preceding the foreword.
1.3.3 Appendices
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The terms “Normative” and “Informative” have been used in this Standard to define the
application of the Appendix to which they apply. A “Normative” Appendix is an integral
part of a Standard whereas an “Informative” Appendix is only for information and guidance.
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1.4 Definitions
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For the purposes of this Standard the following definitions shall apply:
ABSORBENT UNDERLAY. A roof underlay must absorb more than 150 g/m2, and to be
classified as absorbent, a wall underlay must absorb more than 100 g/m2.
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AIR BARRIER. An underlay that provides air flow resistance greater than 0.1 MN s/m3.
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APPLICATION. The intended use of the building underlay material (see Grade).
CAVITY. A free draining space, immediately behind a wall cladding, that has vents at the
base of the wall.
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CLADDING:
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ABSORBENT. Cladding materials that will absorb water.

NON-ABSORBENT. Cladding materials that will not absorb water such as PVC

weatherboards or profiled metal.
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ROOF. The exterior weather-resistant roof surface of a building.

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WALL. The exterior weather-resistant wall surface of a building.

DIRECT-FIXED. The method of attaching the wall cladding to the wall framing without
the use of a cavity.
DIRECTION:
CROSS. The perpendicular-to-the-machine direction.

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Sep’17 MACHINE. The parallel-to-machine direction of the pliable building underlay roll.

EDGE TEAR RESISTANCE. The ability of underlay material to resist tearing at the fixing
points.
GABLE END. The outside wall between the planes of the roof and the line of the eaves.
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GRADE. The classification of underlay material within the type groupings (see Application).
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KRAFT-BASED UNDERLAY. An underlay for use in either a wall or roof that is made of Amd 1
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one or more layers of kraft paper. Kraft underlays are classified as absorbent. Sep’17
LAPS:
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END. An overlap of two rolls of material in the cross (short) direction.

SIDE. An overlap of two rolls of material in the machine (long) direction.

MARKING. Information indelibly scribed directly on to the underlay material.
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PERMEABILITY. The ability of a material to allow gases or vapours to pass through. In
this Standard, permeability is expressed by the inverse, i.e. as water vapour resistance
(see definition of Water Vapour Resistance).
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pH. A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a material. The pH scale extends from 0 (very
acid) to 14 (very alkaline) with a neutral material having a value of 7.
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PLIABLE. The characteristic of a material that allows it to be formed into a roll without
breaking or cracking, enabling a continuous sheet of underlay material to be produced
and applied.
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ROLL LABELLING. Information about underlay material that is provided on the exterior
packaging of the roll.
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ROOF. The enclosing part of the building that has its upper surface exposed to the
outside and at an angle of 60o or less to the horizontal.
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ROOF UNDERLAY. An absorbent permeable building underlay, used as part of the

building’s water management system in the roof cladding system, that absorbs or collects
condensation or water that may penetrate the roof cladding.
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SELF-SUPPORTING. Roof underlay material with the ability to support its own weight Amd 1
across a maximum span of 1200 mm under normal working conditions. Sep’17
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SHRINKAGE. The percentage reduction of linear dimensions which occurs when the
moisture content of underlays is reduced.
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SYNTHETIC UNDERLAY. An underlay for use in either a wall or roof that is made from Amd 1
polymeric materials. Synthetic underlays are classified as absorbent or non-absorbent. Sep’17
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TENSILE STRENGTH. The ability of underlay material to resist a maximum level of pulling,
tension or stress force.
VAPOUR BARRIER. A material intended to restrict the transmission of water vapour.
VAPOUR CONTROL LAYER. A pliable building membrane designed to either allow or Amd 1
restrict the transfer of water vapour across the membrane. Sep’17
WALL. The enclosing part of the building that has one surface exposed to the outside
and at an angle of more than 60o to the horizontal.

WALL UNDERLAY. A kraft-based building underlay or synthetic wrap used as part of the
building’s water management system in the wall cladding system, to assist the control
of moisture which occasionally penetrates the cladding. In this Standard, wall underlays
may be absorbent or non-absorbent. Rigid sheathings are not part of this Standard.
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WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. The weatherproof envelope of a building including
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building underlay, roof or wall claddings and their fixings, windows, doors and all
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penetrations, flashings, seals, joints or junctions and a drained cavity where applicable.
WATER RESISTANCE. The ability of underlay material to withstand water penetration.
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WATER VAPOUR RESISTANCE. The ability of a material to resist the passage of water
vapours (see Permeability).
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2 WALL UNDERLAYS
2.1 Introduction
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The wall underlay is one element of the water management system designed to control
the passage of moisture and air in walls.
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2.2 Material properties
To assist in moisture management, wall underlays are required to have the specific
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properties as described in this section. A summary of wall underlay classifications and
properties is provided in Appendix B.
2.2.1 Water vapour resistance
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Wall underlays shall have a water vapour resistance of 7 MN s/g or less when tested to
ASTM E96 Procedure B.
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NOTE – Vapour permeance, vapour permeability, and vapour resistance relate to how easily water
vapour can diffuse through a material:
(a) Vapour permeability – the basic material property representing the rate of vapour flow through

a unit area of material with a unit thickness and unit vapour pressure difference;
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(b) Vapour permeance – relates to a particular thickness of material;

(c) Vapour resistance – the inverse of vapour permeance, calculated as follows: vapour resistance Amd 1
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(MN s/g ) = 1/vapour permeance (µg/N.s). Sep’17
2.2.2 Absorbency
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To be classified under this Standard as absorbent, a wall underlay shall have an
absorbency of 100 g/m2 or greater when tested to AS/NZS 4201:Part 6. All other wall
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underlays shall be classified as non-absorbent.
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2.2.3 Resistance to water penetration Sep’17

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Wall underlays shall have a resistance to water penetration of 20 mm or greater when

tested to AS/NZS 4201:Part 4.
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2.2.4 Moisture shrinkage

Synthetic wall underlays do not need to be assessed for moisture shrinkage and may
have an unlimited run length.
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Kraft-based wall underlays shall not have moisture shrinkage greater than 0.5 % when
tested for shrinkage to AS/NZS 4201:Part 3, and shall have a maximum run length of
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10 metres.
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Sep’17
2.2.5 pH extract

Wall underlays shall have a pH extract between 5.5 and 8.0 when tested to
AS/NZS 1301.421s.
2.2.6 Mechanical strength

Wall underlays shall have mechanical strength properties to those specified in table 2.2
or greater.

Table 2.2 – Mechanical strength properties for wall underlays
Type Grade Edge tear resistance Tensile strength

(N) (KN/m)
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Machine Cross Machine Cross
direction direction direction direction
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W1 – Kraft Standard weight Deleted
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W2 – Kraft Heavy 40 35 9 4.5

W3 – Synthetic Non-absorbent 100 55 2 1
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W4 – Synthetic Absorbent 100 55 2 1
Wall underlays shall be tested using the methods specified in table 2.3. Wall underlay
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Sep’17 test specimens shall be aged and conditioned in accordance with 2.2.9.
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Table 2.3 – Test methods for mechanical strength of wall underlays
Material type Edge tear resistance Tensile strength
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Kraft-based underlays
Synthetic-based underlays sN
TAPPI T470
TAPPI T470
AS/NZS 1301:448s
ASTM D882
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Sep’17 NOTE – A 50 mm sample shall be used when testing to the method in AS/NZS 1301:448s.
2.2.7 Flammability
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Wall underlays claiming to be fire retardant shall have a Flammability Index (FI) of 5 or
less when tested to NZS/AS 1530:Part 2.
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2.2.8 Air resistance

When the walls or gable ends of a building are unlined and an air barrier is required,
the underlay shall have an air resistance of 0.1 MN s/m3 or greater when tested to
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ISO 5636-5.
2.2.9 Resistance to UV exposure

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Wall underlays shall retain at least 85 % of their initial mechanical strength and meet the
requirements specified in 2.2.6 after ultraviolet (UV) exposure testing.
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UV testing shall be undertaken in accordance with ASTM G154, for example using the
QUV apparatus fitted with UVA lamps. The set point irradiance shall be ≥ 0.55 W/m2 at
340 nm. The test cycle shall consist of UV exposure for 8 hours at 60 °C. This is followed
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by dark condensation for 4 hours at 50 °C.
For wall underlays, to determine the rated exposure time prior to cladding, the standard
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total exposure time (UV and dark condensation periods combined) shall be in accordance
with Table 2.3A.
Table 2.3A – Correlation between accelerated and natural UV weathering (approximate)

– wall underlays
Rated exposure prior to cladding ASTM G154 exposure time

28 days 350
42 days 500
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Sep’17

2.3 Application
For guidance on the underlay type for particular applications, see Appendix C.
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2.3.1 Durability

All underlays shall comply with Clause B2, Durability, of the New Zealand Building Code.
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2.3.2 Absorbency

All lined buildings shall have a wall underlay between the framing and the cladding.
There are various types of material that can be used for framing, battens, thermal breaks
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for steel framing, and for cladding. In addition there are two types of underlay, kraft-based
and synthetic. Kraft-based underlays are absorbent and synthetic underlays can be non-
absorbent or absorbent.
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If a drained and vented cavity is present, the underlay shall always be in direct contact
with the framing. Where metal cladding or steel framing is used, the metal surface shall
be separated by an absorbent separator material from timber.
framing as follows:
(a)
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Absorbent underlays shall be used in applications involving non-absorbent cladding or
Where a metal cladding is directly fixed to framing;

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(b) Where a plastic cladding is directly fixed to framing; and

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(c) Where a steel-framed structure has direct-fixed cladding.

Table 2.4 shows common configurations of building materials when applying this
requirement. Any other configurations can be determined by using the absorbency rules
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set out in 2.3.2 (a) to (c).

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Table 2.4 – Underlay type based on absorbency configurations
Configuration Cladding type Required type of wall underlay

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Direct-fixed
Timber framing Abs Any (W2, W3, W4)
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Timber framing Non-abs Abs (W2 or W4)

Steel framing Abs or non-abs Abs (W2 or W4)
(1,2)
Cavity
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Timber framing Abs or non-abs Any (W2, W3, W4)

(3)
Steel framing Abs or non-abs Any (W2, W3, W4)
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KEY –
Abs = Absorbent cladding or wall underlay

Non-abs = Non-absorbent cladding e.g. metal or plastic

NOTE –
(1) Cavity battens are typically H3.1 treated timber for timber framing and 20 mm styrene for

steel framing, which also acts as a thermal break.
(2) A drained and vented cavity shall be as per E2/AS1.

(3) Metal cladding or steel framing must be separated from timber.

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Sep’17

3 ROOF UNDERLAYS
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3.1 Introduction
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The roof underlay is one element of the water management system designed to control
the passage of moisture and air in roofs.
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3.2 Material properties
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To assist in moisture management, roof underlays are required to have the specific
properties as described in this section. A summary of roof underlay classifications and
properties is provided in Appendix B.
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3.2.1 Water vapour resistance

Roof underlays shall have a water vapour resistance tested to ASTM E96 Procedure B
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(see table B1) and shall meet the following requirements:
(a) Kraft roof underlays shall have a water vapour resistance of 7 MN s/g or less;

(b) Synthetic roof underlays shall have a water vapour resistance of 0.5 MN s/g or less.

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NOTE – Vapour permeance, vapour permeability, and vapour resistance relate to how easily water
vapour can diffuse through a material:
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(a) Vapour permeability – the basic material property representing the rate of vapour flow through

a unit area of material with a unit thickness and unit vapour pressure difference;
(b) Vapour permeance – relates to a particular thickness of material;

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(c) Vapour resistance – the inverse of vapour permeance, calculated as follows: vapour resistance

(MN s/g ) = 1/vapour permeance (µg/N.s).
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3.2.2 Absorbency

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All roof underlays shall have an absorbency of 150 g/m2 or greater when tested to
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Sep’17 AS/NZS 4201:Part 6.
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Sep’17 3.2.3 Resistance to water penetration

All roof underlays shall have a water resistance of 100 mm or greater when tested to
AS/NZS 4201:Part 4.
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3.2.4 Moisture shrinkage

Synthetic roof underlays do not need to be assessed for moisture shrinkage and may
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have an unlimited run length.
Kraft-based roof underlays shall not have moisture shrinkage greater than 0.5 % when
tested for shrinkage to AS/NZS 4201:Part 3, and shall have a maximum run length of
10 metres.
NOTE – This limit may not apply where the underlay is not in direct contact with metal roofing.
Amd 1
Sep’17

Amd 1
3.2.5 pH extract Sep’17

All roof underlays shall have a pH extract between 5.5 and 8.0 when tested to
AS/NZS 1301.421s.
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3.2.6 Mechanical strength Sep’17
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Roof underlays shall have mechanical strength properties to those specified in table 3.2
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or greater.
Table 3.2 – Mechanical strength properties for roof underlays
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Type Grade Edge tear Tensile strength
(N) (KN/m)
Machine Cross Machine Cross
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direction direction direction direction
R1 – Kraft Heavy 40 35 9 4.5

R2 – Kraft Self- 70 55 11 6
R3 – Synthetic
R4 – Synthetic
supporting
Heavy
Self-
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150
80
130 3
3 2
2.5
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supporting
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Roof underlays shall be tested to the methods specified in table 3.3. Roof underlay test
specimens shall be aged and conditioned in accordance with 3.2.8.
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Table 3.3 – Test methods for mechanical strength of roof underlays

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Material type Edge tear Tensile strength

Kraft-based underlays TAPPI T470 AS/NZS 1301:448s
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Synthetic-based underlays TAPPI T470 ASTM D882

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NOTE – A 50 mm sample shall be used when testing to the method in AS/NZS 1301:448s.
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3.2.7 Flammability

Roof underlays claiming to be fire retardant shall have a Flammability Index (FI) of 5 or Amd 1
less when tested to NZS/AS 1530:Part 2. Sep’17
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3.2.8 Resistance to UV exposure

Roof underlays shall retain at least 85 % of their initial mechanical strength and meet the
requirements specified in 3.2.6 after UV exposure testing.
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UV testing shall be undertaken in accordance with ASTM G155 using a xenon arc
weatherometer. The set point irradiance shall be ≥ 0.55 W/m2 at 340 nm. The test cycle
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shall consist of UV exposure for 9 hours at 60 °C. This is followed by 3 hours dark and
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water spray at 40 °C.
For roof underlays, to determine the rated exposure time prior to cladding, the standard
total exposure time (UV and dark condensation periods combined) shall be in accordance
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with Table 3.4.
Table 3.4 – Correlation between accelerated and natural UV weathering (approximate)
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– roof underlays
Rated exposure prior to cladding ASTM G155 exposure time
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5 days 48 hours
10 days 90 hours
Amd 1 21 days 175 hours
Sep’17
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3.3 Application
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For guidance on the underlay type for particular applications, see Appendix C.
3.3.1 Durability
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All underlays shall comply with Clause B2, Durability, of the New Zealand Building Code.
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3.3.2 Mechanical strength

The categories for strength of roof underlays are as follows:
(a) R1 and R3 – shall be fully supported and only used when the roof pitch is equal to
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or greater than 10 degrees;
(b) R2 and R4 – when the roof pitch is equal to or greater than 10 degrees underlay
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is self-supporting to a maximum span of 1200 mm. When the roof pitch is below
Sep’17 10 degrees, the roof underlay shall be fully supported.
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4 IDENTIFICATION
4.1 Synthetic underlays
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4.1.1 Marking
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Synthetic underlays shall be marked with the product identifier in a manner which facilitates
identification after installation. This marking shall:
(a) Be on at least one face of the underlay;
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(b) Be repeated at distances of less than 2 m in any direction;

(c) Be located at least 150 mm from the material edge;

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(d) Enable identification of the manufacturer; and

(e) If critical to the performance of the underlay, specify the orientation and external

face.
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Additional roll labelling shall be allowed. Such additional roll labelling shall not interfere
with the roll labelling required by this Standard.
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4.1.2 Roll labelling

Rolls of underlay shall bear an indelibly marked label in a manner which facilitates
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identification prior to installation. This roll label shall:
(a) Be located on the outer curved surface of the roll, either outside any roll packaging

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or underneath any transparent roll packaging;
(b) Bear information enabling users to identify the following:

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(i) Manufacturer

(ii) Roll size

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(iii) Material type, grade and application, and

(iv) Material batch;
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(c) Bear a statement of compliance with this Standard;

(d) Bear a statement that the underlay is fire retardant (if applicable); and
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(e) Bear a statement that advises users on appropriate installation.

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4.2 Kraft-based underlays
4.2.1 Marking
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Kraft-based underlays require no marking on the underlay itself.
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4.2.2 Roll labelling
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Rolls of underlay shall bear an indelibly marked label in a manner which facilitates
identification prior to installation. This roll label shall:
(a) Be located on the outer curved surface of the roll, either outside any roll packaging
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or underneath any transparent roll packaging;
(b) Bear information enabling users to identify the following:

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(i) Manufacturer

(ii) Roll size

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(iii) Material type, grade and application, and

(iv) Material batch;

(c) Bear a statement of compliance with this Standard;
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(d) Bear a statement that the underlay is fire retardant (if applicable);

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(e) Bear a statement that advises users on appropriate installation; and

(f) Bear a statement that describes the maximum run length allowed.

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APPENDIX A
UNDERLAY INSTALLATION
(Informative)
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A1 This appendix provides guidance for users reflecting recommended installation practices

to assist with meeting the normative sections of this Standard. More information on
installation practices including the direction of lay and support can be found in Acceptable
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Solution E2/AS1 ‘External Moisture’, the NZ Metal Roofing Manufacturers Code of
Practice, and AS 4200:Part 2.
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A2 Laps Laps of wall and roof underlays should be as shown in table A1. All endlaps, and if possible

sidelaps, should be over framing members or other solid backing.
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Table A1 – Requirements for laps in building underlay
Minimum overlap
Application Sidelaps Endlaps
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(mm) (mm)
Wall underlay 75 150
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Roof underlay 150 150
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A3 Direction and support

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A3.1 Direction

A3.1.1
Roll size of all underlays should be such as to minimise the laps in the installation.
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A3.1.2
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Wall underlays should be run so as to minimise all laps. Endlaps should be kept to a
minimum and should only occur over solid backing.
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A3.1.3
Where roof pitch is less than 10 degrees, kraft-based roof underlay should be run
horizontally on support and synthetic roof underlay may be run horizontally or vertically
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on support.
Where roof pitch is equal to or greater than 10 degrees, roof underlay may be run
horizontally or vertically, however the run direction may also be dictated by the supports
and support spacing to ensure that the overlaps of underlay have the overlaps specified
in 3.3.2.
A3.1.4
For wall underlays and where roof underlays are run horizontally, the upper sheets should Amd 1
lap over the lower sheets to ensure water is shed to the outside face of the underlay. Sep’17

A3.2 Support

A3.2.1
Roof underlay should be run so as to allow water to drain off it.
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A3.2.2
Roof underlay that is not self-supporting should be supported at all roof pitches.
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A3.2.3
At roof pitches less than 10 degrees, all underlay should be supported.
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Amd 1
A3.2.4
Sep’17 See also 3.3.2 for more information on support.
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A4 Fixings
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A4.1 Fixing for wall underlays

A4.1.1
For masonry veneer the fixings should be suitable for the permanent installation of the
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wall underlay without any assistance from the cladding.
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A4.1.2
For other cases where the fixings are temporary and the permanent installation relies
on the cladding to hold the wall underlay on, the type and frequency of the temporary
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fixings should be determined by:
(a) Type and method of attachment of the cladding;

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(b) The probable maximum time before the cladding is installed; and

(c) The expected weather conditions during this period.

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A4.1.3

For direct-fix cladding to timber frames, install the building underlay with PVC tape run
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horizontally over the building underlay at a maximum of 800 mm centres to coincide with
the nogs and dwang lines. Fix underlay with tape and staples (minimum 8 mm leg and
galvanised) at 300 mm centres both ways to studs, nogs and dwangs. Fix the tape ends
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securely, particularly at any openings for doors or windows.
For drained and vented cavity systems to timber wall frames, install the building underlay
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in conjunction with and under the cavity battens.
A4.2 Fixings for roof underlays

For roof underlay laid during roof or batten installation, the fixings used will normally be
permanent. This can be either through the roof, the battens or purlins, although staples
can be used as temporary fixings if required.

A5 Steel framing
When steel framing is used under a direct-fixed cladding the underlay should be placed
between the outside of the thermal break and the cladding and be of a type determined
by 2.3.2.
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Where there is a cavity the underlay should be placed between the framing and the inside
of the thermal break/cavity batten and be of a type determined by 2.3.2. If additional
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underlay is placed between the cavity battens and the cladding, then it should have
absorbency suitable for the cladding (see 2.3.2).
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A6 Repairs before cladding installation
A6.1 Repairs to walls
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A6.1.1
Holes less than 25 mm or rips less than 75 mm should be repaired using a compatible
flexible flashing tape such as is used for window flashings. This needs to be supported
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from behind while being applied to ensure firm and permanent adhesion to the underlay.
A6.1.2
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Holes or rips larger than these sizes are classed as damage, which should be repaired
by covering with a new sheet of the same material running horizontally from stud to stud
and fixed to the studs, and extending from 150 mm below the damage to lap under the
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sheet above or the nearest flashing above, or the top of the wall, whichever is closest.
Laps above the damage do not need to be taped.
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A6.2 Repairs to roofs

A6.2.1
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Roof underlay damage should not be repaired by patching but only by new lengths of
underlay material. Roof underlay run horizontally should be repaired in the same way as
walls, i.e. running from rafter to rafter and fixed to them, and from 150 mm below the
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damage up to and under the next sidelap.

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A6.2.2
For roof underlay run vertically over purlins, the new full width sheet should be run from
(and fixed to) the purlin below the damage to two purlins above the damage, where it is
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fitted under the old sheet and fixed to the purlin.

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A7 Compatibility
A7.1 Different types of claddings
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Where different claddings are used on the same building, care should be taken that the
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appropriate underlay is used under each type of cladding.
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A7.2 Accessories

Where accessories such as tapes for jointing, or tapes for sealing around windows and
other openings are required, the compatibility of tapes and underlay should be checked
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with the manufacturers of both products.
A7.3 Structure

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Ensure that the building underlay is compatible with the structure to which it is being fixed.
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APPENDIX B
UNDERLAY CLASSIFICATION
(Normative)
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B1 This appendix specifies properties for underlay material. For a summary of the material

properties required by the underlay types, see table B1.
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Table B1 – Classification of building underlay types
Property
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Edge tear
Grade Tensile
WVR Abs RWP resistance
Type MD CD MD CD
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Units MN s/g g/m2 mm N N KN/m KN/m
2.2.1 & 2.2.2 & 2.2.3 &

Clause(s)/tables Tables 2.2 and 3.2
3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3
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W1 Kraft – Standard weight Deleted
W2 Kraft – Heavy weight ≤7 ≥ 100 ≥ 20 ≥ 40 ≥ 35 ≥9 ≥ 4.5

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W3 Synthetic – Non-absorbent ≤7 N/A ≥ 20 ≥ 100 ≥ 55 ≥2 ≥1
W4 Synthetic – Absorbent ≤7 ≥ 100 ≥ 20 ≥ 100 ≥ 55 ≥2 ≥1

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R1 Kraft – Heavy weight ≤7 ≥ 150 ≥ 100 ≥ 40 ≥ 35 ≥9 ≥ 4.5
R2 Kraft – Self-supporting ≤7 ≥ 150 ≥ 100 ≥ 70 ≥ 55 ≥ 11 ≥6

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R3 Synthetic – Heavy weight ≤ 0.5 ≥ 150 ≥ 100 ≥ 100 ≥ 80 ≥3 ≥2
R4 Synthetic – Self-supporting ≤ 0.5 ≥ 150 ≥ 100 ≥ 150 ≥ 130 ≥3 ≥ 2.5

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KEY –
WVR = Water vapour resistance
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Abs = Absorbency
RWP = Resistance to water penetration
MD = Machine direction (long)
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CD = Cross direction (short)
NOTE –
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(1) Vapour resistance is the inverse of vapour permeance and is calculated as follows: vapour resistance (MN s/g) = 1/vapour
permeance (µg/N.s).
(2) When walls or gable ends of a building are unlined and an air barrier is required, the underlay shall have an air resistance
of 0.1 MN s/m3 or greater when tested to ISO 5636-5. Amd 1
Sep’17
B2 Underlays can be damaged by inclement weather prior to cladding being installed. Unlike

precipitation or wind, UV exposure has a cumulative effect on the durability of the material.
For this reason limits are set on the time underlays shall be left uncovered. See 2.2.9 and Amd 1
3.2.8 for further information. Sep’17

APPENDIX C
UNDERLAY APPLICATIONS
(Informative)
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Sep’17
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C2 Users should consult table C2 for guidance on the appropriate roof underlay type for

different applications.
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Table C2 – Pliable roof underlay applications
Wind zone
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Span Support High, very high &
Low & medium
extra high
<1200 mm Supported R1/R3 R1/R3
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<1200 mm Unsupported R2/R4 R2/R4
>1200 mm Supported R2/R3/R4 R2/R4
* Refer to NZS 3604 and AS/NZS 1170.2 for wind zones.

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Sep’17
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C3 See Appendix B for the material property specifications for underlay types.

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NZS 2295:2006
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© 2017 THE CROWN ADMINISTERED BY THE NEW ZEALAND

STANDARDS EXECUTIVE
Approved by the Standards Council on 27 September 2006 to be a New Zealand
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Standard pursuant to the provisions of section 10 of the Standards Act 1988.
Amendment No. 1 approved by the New Zealand Standards Approval Board

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on 6 September 2017 to be a New Zealand Standard pursuant to section 12 of

the Standards and Accreditation Act 2015.
First published: 28 September 2006

Reprinted incorporating Amendment No. 1: 29 September 2017
The following references relate to this standard:

Project No. P 2295
Draft for comment No. DZ 2295
Typeset by: Standards New Zealand
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Pliable, Permeable Building Underlays: New Zealand Standard

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NZS 2295:2006

Incorporating Amendment No. 1

New Zealand Standard

Published by Standards New Zealand, PO Box 1473, Wellington 6140.

No. Date of issue Description Entered by, and date

ISBN (Print) 978-1-77673-125-1

C Underlay applications (Informative) ....................................................................24

2.2 Mechanical strength properties for wall underlays .............................................12

2.3 Test methods for mechanical strength of wall underlays....................................12

2.4 Underlay type based on absorbency configurations ..........................................13

AS/NZS 1301: Methods of test for pulp and paper

AS/NZS 4200: Pliable building membranes and underlays

Part 6:1994 Surface water absorbency

ISO 5636: Paper and board – Determination of air permeance (medium

Sep’17 Part 5:2013 Gurley method

4 COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand

practice. Version 2.2, 2012. Sep’17

NEW ZEALAND LEGISLATION

COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand 5

for synthetic roofing underlays,

(c) Updating reference documents.

Manager, Standards New Zealand, PO Box 1473, Wellington 6140.

6 COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand

New Zealand Standard

1.2.1 Wall underlays

1.2.2 Roof underlays

1.2.3 Materials outside scope

(a) Rigid materials used in place of pliable wall or roof underlay;

(b) Pliable membranes used as insulation;

(e) Foil laminates.

COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand 7

ABSORBENT. Cladding materials that will absorb water.

ROOF. The exterior weather-resistant roof surface of a building.

WALL. The exterior weather-resistant wall surface of a building.

CROSS. The perpendicular-to-the-machine direction.

ROOF UNDERLAY. An absorbent permeable building underlay, used as part of the

VAPOUR BARRIER. A material intended to restrict the transmission of water vapour.

COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand 9

WATER RESISTANCE. The ability of underlay material to withstand water penetration.

10 COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand

2.2.1 Water vapour resistance

underlays shall be classified as non-absorbent.

Wall underlays shall have a resistance to water penetration of 20 mm or greater when

2.2.4 Moisture shrinkage

2.2.6 Mechanical strength

COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand 11

Table 2.2 – Mechanical strength properties for wall underlays

Type Grade Edge tear resistance Tensile strength

Material type Edge tear resistance Tensile strength

2.2.8 Air resistance

2.2.9 Resistance to UV exposure

by dark condensation for 4 hours at 50 °C.

Table 2.3A – Correlation between accelerated and natural UV weathering (approximate)

Rated exposure prior to cladding ASTM G154 exposure time

12 COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand

Where a metal cladding is directly fixed to framing;

(c) Where a steel-framed structure has direct-fixed cladding.

set out in 2.3.2 (a) to (c).

Table 2.4 – Underlay type based on absorbency configurations

Configuration Cladding type Required type of wall underlay

Timber framing Non-abs Abs (W2 or W4)

Timber framing Abs or non-abs Any (W2, W3, W4)

COPYRIGHT © Standards New Zealand 13