UGC NET Paper-1

2018 (December)
Solved Paper

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UGC NET 2018 (December)
Paper-1
Note:
● This paper contains Fifty (50) multiple choice questions, each question carrying two (2) marks.
● All questions are compulsory.
1. Heuristic method of teaching was developed by
(a) Anne Sullivan (b) Friedrich Forebel
(c) H.E. Armstrong (d) John Dewey
2. Which one of the following is incorrectly matched between
the proponent and the theory of education advocated by
him?
(a) Plato - Naturalism (b) Dewey - Pragmatism
(c) Plato - Idealism (d) Rossean - Naturalism
3. A research report will contain :
(A) Financial accounts (B) Prefatory parts
(C) Utilisation certificates (D) Title page
(E) Table of contents (F) Terminal chapters
Code :
(a) (B), (D), (E) and (F) (b) (A), (C), (D) and (E)
(c) (A), (B), (C) and (E) (d) (C), (D), (E) and (F)
4. With what name an attribute like height, weight or
happiness that is measurable and that is assigned with
changing values be called?
(a) Variable (b) Statistics
(c) Sample (d) Heuristic
5. Which among the following provides the strongest evidence
of cause-and-effect relationship between independent and
dependent variables?
(a) Experimental approach
(b) Correlational approach
(c) Non-experimental approach
(d) Descriptive statistics
6. Assignment method of teaching is a combination of which
of the following?
(a) Lecture method and field visit method
(b) Lecture-cum-demonstration method and laboratory
method
(c) Project method and lecture method
(d) Heuristic method and problem solving method
7. There are some best practices of using teaching aids in
classroom. Below are given certain teaching media aids,
please match them according to the size of the class in
terms of number of students and the teaching aid to be
used:
Set-I Set-II
(A) Small size of 2-3 (i) Flip-chart or white board
students A good-quality education should meet three essential criteria :
(B) Medium size class of (ii) PowerPoint slides
10-15 students
2
Solved Paper
(C) Large size class of (iii) Oval presentation with
20-25 students display screen
(D) Extra large size class (iv) Writing on paper
of more than 30
students
Code:
(a) A-(ii); B-(iii); C-(iv); D-(i)
(b) A-(i); B-(iv); C-(ii); D-(iii)
(c) A-(iv); B-(i); C-(ii); D-(iii)
(d) A-(i); B-(iv); C-(iii); D-(ii)
8. According to Bloom's traditional taxonomy, the highest
level of learning in cognitive domain is
(a) Evaluation (b) Comprehension
(c) Analysis (d) Application
9. The originality of a research topic will depend upon
factors of
(A) Uniqueness of the topic
(B) Utilitarian dimensions
(C) Support system
(D) Non-requirement of supervision
(E) Feasibility of the study
Code:
(a) (A), (B), (C) and (E) (b) (B), (C), (D) and (E)
(c) (A), (B), (D) and (E) (d) (A), (B), (C) and (D)
10. There are teaching aids which are centered around certain
skills such as reading, listening and pronunciation etc.
Such teaching aids are called as
(a) General knowledge teaching aids
(b) Skill based teaching aids
(c) Scientific teaching aids
(d) Audio-lingual teaching aids
Direction : Read the following passage carefully and answer
questions from 11 to 15.
We live in a world characterised by greater universal
aspirations to full participation in the life of societies. What
is more, in every society there is a constantly growing need
to take full advantage of its reserves of intelligence, talent and
energy. Here the need to improve the quality of education is
emphasised. Clearly, any assessment of quality involves a value
judgement that is coloured by what one expects of education.
it should be democratic, it should be socially effective and it
should be motivated by a humanism that does not allow it to be

subordinated exclusively to the criterion of productivity. This
calls for a critical appraisal of the highly debatable tendency to
give priority to allegedly "practical" knowledge as opposed to
mind-broadening subjects, topics for thought, artistic expression
or the philosophical approach. The link between education and
work formed another theme which was frequently brought
up. There is a grave concern regarding the wide discrepancies
between education and employment. UNESCO, for a long time
now, has made a point of studying the interactions between
education, work and employment as part of its action in the
field of planning. It has to be said that it is very difficult to plan
education strictly in accordance with employment forecasts,
in view of the growing diversity of modern economies and the
extremely rapid changes to which they are subject. It has been
shown that greater flexibility in the structures and functioning of
education provides the best guarantee against the danger that it
will be ill-adapted to rapid change.
11. The passage emphasises the factors of:
(A) Need for quality education
(B) Link between education and work
(C) Balance between mind-broadening subjects with
practical knowledge
(D) Not planning education for meeting the needs of
modern economies
(E) Flexibility in the structures of education
(F) Subjecting education to rapid changes
(a) (A), (D), (E), (F) (b) (A), (C), (D), (F)
(c) (A), (B), (C), (E) (d) (B), (D), (E), (F)
12. The characteristic of humanism should be
(a) Priority to practical knowledge
(b) Opposition to philosophical approach
(c) Planning education for employment
(d) Non-sub-ordination to productivity notion
13. What is the action of UNESCO in the field of planning?
(a) Not to plan education for work
(b) To study the linkage between education and work
(c) Expressing grave concern on discrepancies between
education and life
(d) Focussing on artistic expression
14. What is coloured by the expectation of education?
(a) A critical appraisal of debatable tendencies
(b) Value judgement
(c) Identification of motivation
(d) Assessment of expect outcome
15. Why is there a need in every society to take advantage of
intelligence, talent and energy?
(a) To characterise the world with universal aspirations
(b) To preserve the reserves of these factors cited
(c) To assess the educational needs
(d) To participate in the life of societies
16. Assertion (A) : Making good predictions in classroom
communication may become difficult.
Reason (R) : It happens when interactions with students
takes place at superficial level.
3
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
17. The next term in the number series 41, 27, 16, 8, ______ is
(a) 3 (b) 2
(c) 1 (d) 4
18. Given below are two premises (a and b). Four conclusions
are drawn from them. Select the code that states validly
drawn conclusion (s). [Taking Premises individually or
jointly].
Premises: (a) All mammals are warm-blooded animals.
(b) No lizards are warm-blooded animals.
Conclusions: (i) No lizards are mammals.
(ii) Some lizards are not mammals.
(iii) No warm-blooded animals are lizards.
(iv) All warm-blooded animals are mammals.
(a) (iii) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (i) and (ii)
19. If FIST is coded as JMWX, then the code for BOAT will be
(a) BCFX (b) ESFX
(c) CDEX (d) FSEX
20. Which of the following statements are correct with regard
to the 'truth and validity' in logical reasoning. Select the
correct code from the below:
(A) Truth and falsity are attributes of individual
propositions
(B) Validity and invalidity are attributes of individual
propositions
(C) Truth and falsity are attributes of arguments
(D) Validity and invalidity are attributes of arguments
(a) (A) and (C) (b) (A) and (D)
(c) (B) and (D) (d) (A) and (B)
21. Among the following which one of the arguments is rooted
in empirical investigation?
(a) Inductive (b) Deductive
(c) Hypothetical (d) Implicative
22. The next term in the letter series IN, HL, GJ, FH, EF,
_________ is
(a) BC (b) DE
(c) DD (d) BD
23. Pointing to the photograph of a girl, Sukanya said, "She is
the daughter of the only daughter of my mother".
How is Sukanya related to the girl in the photograph?
(a) Aunt (b) Sister
(c) Mother (d) Information incomplete
 4

24. Feedback makes the classroom communication process: Based on the table, answer the following three questions.
(A) Linear (B) Circular The number of candidates Appeared (A),
(C) Complete (D) Interactive Passed (P) and Selected (S) in a competitive
(E) Disorganised examination in two states
Code: Year State X State Y
(a) (B), (C) and (D) (b) (E), (A) and (B) A P S A P S
2010 990 195 48 1120 240 60
(c) (C), (D) and (E) (d) (D), (E) and (A)
2011 650 150 44 960 180 52
25. Among the following, there are two statements which can't
2012 840 180 50 885 177 64
be true together, but can be false together. Select the code
2013 780 160 64 1040 220 60
that represents them :
2014 1020 220 72 980 280 68
Statements: 2015 930 215 70 900 228 48
(A) All bats are mammals
31. In the year 2012, the % of candidates who failed in State X
(B) Some bats are mammals was nearly :
(C) Some bats are not mammals (a) 80% (b) 90%
(D) No bats are mammals (c) 50% (d) 95%
Code: 32. In State X, the overall pass % during the period 2010-2015
(a) (A) and (D) (b) (A) and (C) was nearly:
(c) (A) an (B) (d) (B) and (C) (a) 5% (b) 40%
26. Identify the correct reasoning in the following argument: (c) 20% (d) 50%
"An English woman lecturing Americans on semicolons is 33. In the year 2015, the % of candidates who passed in State
X and Y taken together was nearly :
a little like an American lecturing the French on sauces."
(a) 66% (b) 50%
(a) Deductive (b) Analogical
(c) 25% (d) 10%
(c) Inductive (d) Hypothetical
Look at the following diagram :
27. The primary bases of inter-personal power in relation to
classroom communication are : Number of students
Student Student
(A) Coercive power from State from State
in a class
(B) Reward power X Y
(C) Referent power

(D) Legitimate power Suppose you are given the following :
(E) Recreational power (A) Number of students in the class = 1,000
Code: (B) Number of students in the class from State X = 200
(a) (A), (B), (C) and (D) (C) Number of students in the class from State Y = 300
(b) (A), (C) and (E) With the above information, answer the following two
questions :
(c) (A) and (E) 34. Suppose that 40% of the students in the class are female
(d) (B), (D) and (E) students. The number of female students from State X is 50
28. Which one of the following is known as fourth estate? while the number of female students from State Y is 180.
(a) Media What is the number of female students from other states in
the class?
(b) Judiciary (a) 150 (b) 100
(c) Office of the President of India (c) 130 (d) 170
(d) Parliament 35. What is the percentage (%) of students from States other
29. Iconic production of classroom communication includes: than X and Y in the class?
(a) E-mail (b) Graphics (a) 20% (b) 10%
(c) 30% (d) 50%
(c) Telephone (d) Scripting
36. The National Education Day is celebrated every year on :
30. It is estimated that the meaning derived by the students (a) November 11 (b) November 14
from non-verbal communication in relation to verbal (c) November 5 (d) November 25
communication is _________ more. 37. In comparison to secondary storage, the primary storage is:
(a) 2/3 (b) 1/6 (a) Faster and more expensive
(c) 1/3 (d) 2/7 (b) Slower and more expensive
(c) Faster and lesser expensive
(d) Slower and lesser expensive

38. In which year Secondary Education Commission was
appointed under the chairmanship of Dr. A.L. Mudaliar?
(a) 1951 (b) 1962
(c) 1952 (d) 1950
39. What is the long term effect of cutting down larger areas of
rain forests?
(a) Decreased carbon dioxide content in the air
(b) Increased rate of soil erosion
(c) Increased rainfall in these areas
(d) Decreased flooding of low-lying land
40. Assertion (A) : Environmental and social impact
assessments never overlap with each other.
Reason (R) : Environmental and social impact assessments
are effectively opposite ends of the same spectrum.
(a) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(b) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct
explanation of (A).
41. Firewalls are used to protect a computer on a network
against:
(a) Fire attacks (b) Unauthorized attacks
(c) Internal attacks (d) Authorized attacks
42. The Washington Accord, an international agreement for
engineering accreditation bodies, has Indian representation
through:
(a) UGC
(b) NBA
(c) NAAC
(d) Higher Education Council of India
43. Recent study showed that, River Ganga will not flow
cleaner in the near future. Which of the following reasons
is false?
(a) Increased sewage
(b) Climatic change
(c) Thinning of flow rate of the river
(d) Failure of treatment plants
5
44. Which among the following envisaged a common
educational structure like 10+2+3 as a common core in the
curricular programme?
(a) Sinha Committee
(b) All India Council of Technical Education
(c) Kothari Commission
(d) National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986
45. Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and Opera are referred
to as :
(a) Application Software (b) Web Servers
(c) Browsers (d) System Software
46. SIM means
(a) Subscriber Identity Module
(b) Subscriber Information Module
(c) System Information Module
(d) Special Identity Module
47. Which of the following printers use dry ink powder?
(a) Ink Jet Printer (b) Dot Matrix Printer
(c) Laser Printer (d) Thermal Printer
48. Consider the following statements:
(A) The radiational reflected back to the atmosphere is
called albedo.
(B) The atmosphere is essential in maintaining the heat
balance of the body.
(C) The heat and sunlight both pass through the atmosphere.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
(a) Only (A) (b) (A), (B) and (C)
(c) (B) and (C) (d) (A) and (B)
49. International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation
Decade (IDWSSD) was observed
(a) 1981-1990 (b) 1991-2000
(c) 1971-1980 (d) 1965-1975
50. Which scheme of Govt. of India was launched for the
development of secondary education in public schools?
(a) Rashtriya Madyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
(b) Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan
(c) Global Initiative of Academic Network
(d) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

Answers & Explanations
1. (c) H E Amstrong
THE HEURISTIC METHOD OF TEACHING
written by HENRY E. ARMSTRONG was first
published in January 1902.
It proposes a “problem solving” approach using logical
and imaginative thinking based on the "trial and error"
theory.
2. (a) Plato—Naturalism
Rousseau's novel Emile or On Education is a treatise
on his philosophy of education with the advocacy of
developing the student’s character towards upholding
naturalism in the face of the unnatural and imperfect
environment of the modern society.
John Dewey was a leading proponent of the American
school of thought known as pragmatism, a view that
rejected the dualistic epistemology and metaphysics of
modern philosophy in favour of a naturalistic approach
that viewed knowledge as arising from an active
adaptation of the human organism to its environment.
In his philosophical theory, Plato advocated an
uncompromising idealism which asserted that the
experiential world (empirical reality) is fundamentally
unreal and the ultimate reality is constitutive of abstract
universal essences of things.
3. (a) (B), (D), (E) and (F)
A research report contains
Title page; Prefatory Parts (Cover; Letters of
authorization, acceptance); Table of contents;
Synopsis; Introduction; Body; Terminal chapters
(Summary; Conclusions); Supplementary Parts
(Appendices, Bibliography)
4. (a) Variable
A variable is assigned with changing values that are
measurable.
5. (a) Experimental approach
A cause-effect relationship involves a particular
independent variable affecting the dependent variable
of interest (the effect) or an event (the cause) making
another event happen (the effect). One cause can have
several effects.
In an experimental approach, the researcher carefully
controls the treatment/cause/the independent variable
and then measures the outcome of interest/effect/the
dependent variable. So, there is a direct and strong
cause and effect relation.
In a correlational approach, positive (directly
proportional) or negative (inversely proportional)
relation is studied in the two variables.
Descriptive statistics seeks to describe the data
collected from the sample to the whole population
unlike inferential statistics as opposed to inferential
statistics that attempts to make inferences.
6
Non-experimental research, unlike experimental
research generally cannot provide strong evidence
that changes in an independent variable can cause
differences(effects) in a dependent variable.
6. (b) Lecture-cum-demonstration method and laboratory
method
Assignment method includes the teacher’s lecture on
the topic and demonstration of the work expected from
the students. Students then collect data, investigate and
experiment with them to solve the given problem.
7. (c) (A)-(iv); (B)-(i); (C)-(ii); (D)-(iii)
Small-size class of 2-3 students—Writing on paper
Medium-size class of 10-15 students—Flip-chart or
white board
Large size class of20-25stdents— PowerPoint slides
Extra-large size class of more than 30 students–Oval
presentation with display screen
8. (a) Evaluation
Bloom’s traditional taxonomy of cognitive domains in
ascending order is:
knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis,
synthesis, and evaluation
9. (a) (A), (B), (C) and (E)
A research work can be original with or without
supervision. Non-requirement of supervision is not a
factor on which the originality of a research depends.
A topic must be unique and feasible, must have utility,
and should be backed by a support system, to qualify
as an original research.
10. (b) Skill-based teaching aids
11. (c) (A), (B), (C), (E)
Refer to the sentence, ‘Here the need to improve...’
Refer to the sentence, ‘The link between education
and work formed another theme...
Refer to the sentence, ‘ This calls for a critical appraisal
of the highly debatable tendency to give priority to
allegedly ”practical” knowledge as opposed to mind-
broadening subjects...’
Refer to the last sentence, ‘It has been shown that
greater flexibility...’
12. (d) Refer to the sentence, ‘A good quality education
should meet...’
13. (b) Refer to the sentence, ‘UNESCO...studying
the interactions between education, work and
unemployment...’
14. (b) Refer to the sentence 4: ‘Clearly any assessment of
quality...’
15. (d) Refer to sentence 1: ‘We live in a world...full
participation in the life of societies.’
 7

16. (b) Both (A) and (R) are true. all boats are mammals
(R) is the correct reason behind the assertion (A). If No bats are mammals.
classroom interaction is ideal and effective, it is not 26. (b) These two statements which can not be true together
difficult to predict the outcomes. but can be false together.
17. (a) 41, 27, 1 6, 8,...... 3 27. (a) (A), (B), (C) and (D)
In classroom communication, the teacher sometimes
!14 !11 !8 !5 has to exercise coercive power to bring straying or
errant students on track, reward power to encourage
18. (c) achievement, and referent power (ability to influence
Warm by virtue of reverence commanded by an organisational
Mam
mels blodded X Lizzard leader) to obtain desired behaviour. The power of the
animals teacher, by virtue of the authority instituted in the
position, is legitimate when used for the objective of
teaching rather than to extract personal advantage.
Only (i) and (iii) conclusion follow. 28. (a) Media
19. (d) As, The estates of the realm, or three estates, were the
broad orders of social hierarchy used in Christian
F I S T
Europe from the medieval period to early modern
+4 ↓ +4 ↓ +4 ↓ +4 ↓ Europe: the clergy, the nobility and the commoners.
J M W X The term Fourth Estate refers to the press and news

Same as, media in modern use deriving from Thomas Carlyle in
his book On Heroes and Hero Worship: “Burke said
B O A T
there were Three Estates in Parliament; but, in the
+4 ↓ +4 ↓ +4 ↓ +4 ↓ Reporters’ Gallery yonder, there sat a Fourth Estate
F S E X more important far than they all.”

20. (b) Truth and falsity, on the other hand, are attributes of 29. (b) Graphics
individual prepositions and validity and invalidity are Iconic communication uses icons or symbols to
attributes of arguments. represent words or linguistic concepts. The reference of
21. (a) words is arbitrary, so, learning their meaning becomes
22. (c) I  1 1 1 1 1 necessary. Icons are easier to remember because it
 H  G  F  E  D is often part of a consistent system of representation
1 1 1
N  L  J  H  F  E
1 1 which provides a context. It is a well-known aid to
memory to associate the thing to be remembered with
23. (c) Sukanya is the mother of that girl.
Mother a simple object to which it has a defined relationship;
e.g., the following road sign suggests a narrow path

ahead.
Sukanya
Graphics are images or visual representation of objects.
Email or telephone does not use icons. Scripting is
very rarely iconic (hieroglyphs, etc.)
girl in
30. (a) 2/3
Photograph
Dr. Albert Mehrabian, author of Silent Messages,
24. (a) (A), (C), (D) conducted several studies on nonverbal communication
If classroom communication is interactive, i.e., and found that 7% of any message is conveyed through
students’ feedback is included therein, it happens in a words, 38% through certain vocal elements, and 55%
circular manner, rather than linear, with the teacher as through nonverbal elements (facial expressions,
the focal point. It is organised and complete with little gestures, posture, etc). A University of Pennsylvania
left to be desired. study reported that the majority of communication is
25. (a) transmitted non-verbally; 70% is body language, 23%
is voice tone and inflection, and only 7% comprises
bats and bats mammals spoken words.
31. (a) in the year 2012,
Mammals total no of student in State 'Y' in 2012 = 840
failed student = 840 – (180) = 660

\ % of candidates who failed in state X
failed stu det n 610
= totalstudent × 100 = 840 × 100
= 72.61 ≅ 80% (approx)
32. (c) total student appeared in state "x" in 2015 = 5210
total pass students = 1120
1120
\ required % = × 100 = 21.49
5210
= 20% (approx)
33. (c) in the year 2015, the % of the candidates who passed in
state x and y
215 + 228 443
= × 100 = × 100 = 24.20%
900 + 930 1830
= 25% (approx)
34. (d)   Other state = 500
State State
X = 200 Y = 300
According to the question,
total female students in class = 40% of 1000 = 400
No of female student in state "X" = 50
No. of female student in State "Y" = 180
The no of female students from other state in the class
400 – 50 – 180 = 170
35. (d) No of students from state x and y = 500
total no of students = 1000
500
Req % = × 100 = 50%
1000
36. (a) National Education Day of India is celebrated on
11 November every year. It is an annual observance
in India to commemorate the birth anniversary of
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, the first education minister
of independent India, who served from 15 August 1947
until 2 February 1958.
37. (a) A computer's internal hard drive is considered a
primary storage device, while external hard drive
and other external media are considered secondary
storage devices. In comparison to secondary storage
the primary storage is faster and more expensive.
38. (c) The Government of India set up, the Secondary
Education Commission by Resolution dated 23rd
September, 1952, under the Chairmanship of Dr. A.
Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar, the Vice-Chancellor of
the Madras University.
39. (b) Deforestation can greatly increase the rate of erosion in
a region. One of the most important barriers to erosion
is plant life as long-lived trees and other species put
down roots that literally help hold the soil together.
8
40. (a) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Environmental and Social impacts assessment is
a process of predicting and assessing the potential
environmental and social impacts of a proposed
project, evaluating alternatives and designing
appropriate mitigation, management and monitoring
measures. EIA and SIA are effectively opposite ends
of the ame spectrum, so they do overlap
41. (b) Firewalls can be implemented as both hardware and
software, or a combination of both. Network firewalls
are frequently used to prevent unauthorized Internet
users from accessing private networks connected to
the Internet, especially intranets.
42. (b) National Board of Accreditation, India has become
the permanent signatory member of the Washington
Accord on 13th June 2014. The NBA accredited
programs offered by the Tier -1 Institutions are eligible
for the recognition of the programs by other signatories
of the Washington Accord.
43. (b) Climate change has nothing to do with the river Ganga
flowing cleaner.
44. (d) National Policy on Education (NPE) 1986 envisaged
the standardization of educational system on 10+2+3
pattern, across the country.
45. (c) Internet Explorer, Mozila Firefox and Opera are all
web browsers, which are used to locate, retrieve and
display content on the World Wide Web, including
webpages, images, video and other files.
46. (a) A SIM card, also known as a subscriber identity
module, is a smart card that stores data for GSM
cellular telephone subscribers. Such data includes
user identity, location and phone number, network
authorization data, personal security keys, contact lists
and stored text messages. Security features include
authentication and encryption to protect data and
prevent eavesdropping.
47. (c) Laser Printer uses dry ink powder.
48. (d) The term albedo refers to the amount of solar energy that
gets reflected off of the Earth and lands back in space.
To maintain a constant global average temperature, all
of the sun's radiation that enters Earth's atmosphere
must eventually be sent back to space. This is achieved
through Earth's energy balance.
49. (a) The International Drinking Water Supply and
Sanitation Decade (IDWSSD), now known as The
First Water Decade was the ten-year period 1981 - 1990
designated by the United Nations to bring attention
and support for clean water and sanitation worldwide.
50. (a) Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan scheme was
launched in March, 2009 with the objective to enhance
access to secondary education and to improve its
quality. The implementation of the scheme started
from 2009-10.