Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Quiz #2
1) For 4000 generations of the hypothetical creatures the zims, have survived by
living on their favorite food: red apples, and blending in perfectly so that no
predators can see them when they are sitting on the skin of the apple. Recently,
people have stopped growing apples in the area, but have instead started growing
red plums. Almost as soon as that happened, the zim was discovered by local
biologists who then wrote a paper about how well the zims blend into the color of
the plum’s skin.
a. In this example, what was the selective pressure? (Think carefully about
the definition of selective pressure.) (2pts)
The selective pressure was the act of humans switching from growing red apple to
growing red plums. This would be an example of a biotic pressure, one made by other
living things. In this case, the living thing would be the humans.
Adaptation
c. In this example, is there evidence that there might have been adaptation to
the selective pressure? Why or why not? (2pts)
Yes, there was an adaptation because there was a visible change in the zims color in order
to blend with the color of the red plum. This indicates an adaptation due to selective
pressure.
Name:
d. Suppose that all the adult zims die each year when the fruit is picked or
falls off the tree (leaving only eggs to overwinter under treebark). What if,
when raised in captivity, an adult zim always turns bright yellow on its
second birthday. Would you describe this color change trait as
advantageous, deleterious, or neutral? Explain your choice. (1pt)
e. Based on your answer in part (d), do you think the genetic trait responsible
for turning them yellow on their second birthday was more likely to be the
result of selection or of drift? Explain your answer. (2 pts)
This would be more from drift, because with the gene pool from one generation dying
off there will be a change. The increase of yellow colored zims will result due to a
decline in red zims colors not being adaptive to its environment.
Name:
2) Name and define two mechanisms of evolution that are NOT as a result of
selective pressures. (1pt for each pair)
Two mechanisms are gene flow and mutations. Gene flow is when there is a
transfer of genes from one population to the next. Here, genes are not affected by
selective pressure but rather the movement of populations or newly produced
gametes. Mutations are when there is a change in DNA sequencing with
chromosomes. Mutations are a result of genetic variations rather than certain
factors, biotic or abiotic, changing certain phenotypes.