ST 031 Piranha

Soluzione PA Srl
Via Della Riserva Nuova, 200

00132 ROMA
Telefono 06.2260033 (r.a.) FAX 06.2262336

www.soluzionepa.it info@soluzionepa.it
ST 031 “PIRANHA”
ST 031 P
MULTIFUNCTIONAL DETECTION INSTRUMENTS
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION AND
OPERATING MANUAL
P. IVA 08080691002 C.F. e n° R.I. 08080691002 R.E.A. ROMA n° 1071629 Cap.Soc.10.000 € i.v.
Soluzione PA Srl
00132 ROMA
Telefono 06.2260033 (r.a.) FAX 06.2262336

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 3
1. GENERAL ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1. PURPOSE AND CAPABILITIES .................................................................................................. 4
1.2. COMPOSITION OF ST031 .......................................................................................................... 4
1.3. DESCRIPTION OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ....................................................................... 5
1.3.1. PRINCIPAL CONTROL, PROCESSING, AND INDICATION UNIT ............................................. 5
1.3.2. HIGH FREQUENCY ANTENNA .................................................................................................. 6
1.3.3. ADAPTER FOR POWER LINE SCANNING ANALYSER ........................................................... 6
1.3.4. POWER LINE DIFFERENTIAL ADAPTER .................................................................................. 6
1.3.5. MAGNETIC SENSOR .................................................................................................................. 6
1.3.6. INFRARED SENSOR .................................................................................................................. 6
1.3.7. ACOUSTIC SENSOR .................................................................................................................. 7
1.3.8. ACOUSTIC VIBRATION SENSOR .............................................................................................. 7
1.4. DESCRIPTION OF THE “TEST” DEVICE ................................................................................... 7
1.5. PACKAGING ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.6. CONTROLS AND INDICATORS ................................................................................................. 9
1.6.1. DISPLAY SCREEN BACKLIGHTING CONTROL PROCEDURE ................................................ 9
1.7. POWER SUPPLY ...................................................................................................................... 10
1.8. LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................. 10
1.9. OPERATION MODES ................................................................................................................ 11
1.9.1. FREQUENCY METER/DETECTOR HF MODE ......................................................................... 11
1.9.2. LINE SCANNING ANALYSER MODE ....................................................................................... 13
1.9.3. INFRARED RADIATION DETECTOR MODE ............................................................................ 15
1.9.4. LF MAGNETIC FIELD DETECTOR MODE ............................................................................... 16
1.9.5. ACOUSTIC VIBRATION CONVERTER MODE ......................................................................... 16
1.9.6. ACOUSTIC CONVERTER MODE ............................................................................................. 16
1.9.7. LOW FREQUENCY DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER MODE ......................................................... 16
2. ADDITIONAL CAPABILITIES ........................................................................................................................ 17
2.1. OSCILLOSCOPE ....................................................................................................................... 17
2.2. SPECTRUM ANALYSER ........................................................................................................... 20
2.3. NONVOLATILE MEMORY ......................................................................................................... 23
2.4. USE OF AN IBM-COMPATIBLE COMPUTER (FOR ST031P ONLY) ....................................... 23
3. ST031 IN OPERATION ................................................................................................................................. 24
3.1. PREPARATIONS BEFORE START-UP .................................................................................... 24
3.2. FREQUENCY METER/DETECTOR HF MODE ......................................................................... 24
3.3. LINE SCANNING ANALYSER MODE ....................................................................................... 26
3.4. INFRARED RADIATION DETECTOR MODE ............................................................................ 27
3.5. LF MAGNETIC FIELD DETECTOR MODE ............................................................................... 28
3.6. ACOUSTIC CONVERTER MODE ............................................................................................. 29
3.7. ACOUSTIC VIBRATION CONVERTER MODE ......................................................................... 30
3.8. LOW FREQUENCY DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER MODE ......................................................... 30
3.9. USE OF NONVOLATILE MEMORY .......................................................................................... 31
4. EMPLOYMENT WITH AN IBM PC-COMPATIBLE COMPUTER (FOR ST031P ONLY) ............................... 31
4.1. MINIMAL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS FOR IBM PC ................................................................. 31
4.2. SOFTWARE INSTALLATION .................................................................................................... 31
4.3. CONNECTING ST031 TO THE COMPUTER ............................................................................ 32
4.4. DESCRIPTION OF TOOLBOX CONTROL PANEL ................................................................... 33
4.5. DESCRIPTION OF USER INTERFACE ................................................................................... 36
5. MAIN SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................................... 38
6. CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE ................................................................................................................ 38
7. WARRANTY POLICY .................................................................................................................................... 38
COUPON No. 1 ................................................................................................................................................... 39
COUPON No. 2......................................................................................................................................................40
Soluzione PA Srl
00132 ROMA
Telefono 06.2260033 (r.a.) FAX 06.2262336
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INTRODUCTION
ST031 “PIRANHA” and ST031P are multifunctional instruments reselled in Italy by “Soluzione PA
Srl”; both detect and locate special technical means used for furtive data acquisition, as well as perform a
number of other tasks that are associated with the protection of information, and monitoring the security
level.
The design and constitution of the instruments, their specifications and capabilities, combined with
general radio monitoring, as well as physical search and visual inspections, form a comprehensive guard
against special technical means.
ST031P is a modification of the ST031 “Piranha” model, with the following added capabilities:
- scanning receiver control;
- operation with an IBM PC-compatible computer (generation of graphic and audio files database).
From this point onwards, both models are referred to under the generic name ST031.
Prior to operating ST031, please study this Manual, and keep it for further reference as a guidebook.
Any information contained in this Manual may be changed without prior notice.
The product is protected by No. 12616 utility patent certificate of the Russian Federation.
Soluzione PA Srl
00132 ROMA
Telefono 06.2260033 (r.a.) FAX 06.2262336
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1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INSTRUMENT

1.1. PURPOSE AND CAPABILITIES
The ST031 multifunctional detection instrument is used to detect and locate special technical means
(STM) employed for the furtive procurement of information, to reveal natural and artificially created channels
of information leakage, as well as monitor the information security level.
The ST031 instrument stays operational, and its working parameters satisfy all the mandatory
o
technical criteria, at power supply voltage not lower than 4.8 V, ambient temperatures from -15 to +35 C, and
o
humidity up to 95 % . At temperatures below -5 C, data output on the display screen is slowed down.
With the aid of ST031, the following monitoring-and-search tasks can be solved:
1. Detecting and locating radio-emitting STM.
These STM primarily include the following:
 radio microphones;
 phone retransmitters;
 radio stethoscopes;
 concealed video cameras with a radio transmission channel;
 technical tools incorporated in the systems of area high frequency irradiation within the radio
range of frequencies;
 technical means for the retransmission of a PC monitor picture via radio channel;
 radio-range beacons of the systems used for the surveillance of moving objects (e.g. people,
vehicles, goods, etc.);
 unauthorised use of radio stations, mobile phones, and telephones with radio-extension;
 data processing equipment whose operation is accompanied with the generation of side
electromagnetic radiation (components in PC‟s, facsimile units, photocopying equipment, certain
types of telephones, etc.)
2. Detecting and locating STM emitting infrared radiation.
These STM primarily include the following:
 STM that transmit information in the infrared range of frequencies;
 technical means of the systems of area irradiation in the infrared range of frequencies.
3. Detecting and locating STM that use conducting lines for data transmission.
These include:
 STM using AC power lines for the transmission of intercepted information.
 STM using phone lines, fire alarm lines, and security alert lines, for the transmission of
intercepted information.
4. Detecting and locating the sources of electromagnetic field, with the magnetic component
predominant (or present) in the field, as well as analysing technical means that are potentially
capable of converting speech information.
The said sources and technical means typically include the following:
 acoustic systems speakers;
 output transformers of audio amplifiers;
 electric motors in tape recorders and dictaphones.
5. Revealing the most vulnerable spots in the way of possible acoustic vibration channels of
information leakage, and assessing the efficiency of acoustic vibration protection systems employed in
various types of enclosed areas.
6. Revealing the most vulnerable spots in the way of possible channels of acoustic information
leakage, and assessing the efficiency of sound insulation employed in various types of enclosed areas.
1.2. COMPOSITION OF ST031
The complete set of the instrument includes the following components:
1. Principal Control, Processing, and Indication Unit.
External transducers:
2. Radio Frequency Antenna.
3. Adapter for the Conducting Line Scanning Analyser.
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4. Conducting Line Differential Adapter **.

5. Magnetic Sensor.
6. Infrared Sensor.
7. Acoustic Vibration Sensor.
7a. Acoustic Sensor.
8. Telescopic Antenna.
9. “Needle” Type Extensions (2 pcs.).
10. “220” Type Extensions (2 pcs.).
11. “Alligator” Clip Type Extensions (2 pcs.).
12. Headphones.
13. Installation disc with software
14. Cable for Connecting To IBM PC *.
15. Cable for Connecting To The Scanning Receiver *.
16. Cable for Recording of audio information *.
Optional accessories:
17. Shoulder belt for the main unit, with a pocket for sensors.
18. Pod for the Main Unit.
19. Power Supply Unit.
20. AA type batteries (4 pcs.).
21. “TEST” monitoring device.
22. Technical Description and Operating Manual.
* For the ST031P model only.

** Optional item to be ordered separately.
1.3. DESCRIPTION OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS

An overview of the principal components is given below. Instructions on the use of these
components when operating the instrument are included in the section entitled “ST031 IN OPERATION ”.
1.3.1. PRINCIPAL CONTROL, PROCESSING, AND INDICATION UNIT
The main component of the ST031 set is designed as a compact, portable monoblock.
The following elements are located on the upper surface of the instrument:
- graphic display;
- 16-button control panel;
- power switch (“OFF POWER ON”);
- line output socket (“LINE”);
- socket for connecting headphones (“PHONE”).
On the front surface of the principal control unit, the following three sockets
are located:
- “RF ANT” socket is used for connecting the telescopic antenna (via
adapter) or radio frequency antenna;
- the socket tagged “PROBES” is used for
connecting all the other transducers;
- the socket tagged “OSC 2” is intended to
provide the operation of the built-in oscilloscope and
spectrum analyser in a two-channel mode, as well
as for using the instrument as an ordinary low
frequency oscilloscope and spectrum analyser.
On the bottom surface of the principal control unit, the following elements are located:
- built-in loudspeaker;
- battery compartment lid (with the serial number on the back surface).
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On the back surface of the principal control unit, the following

elements are located:
- socket for connecting the power supply unit;
- socket for connecting the scanning receiver or an IBM PC -
compatible computer (for ST031P model only);
- threaded hole for connecting the support for the principal
unit.
On the side walls, in their upper part, threaded holes are located, for connecting the shoulder belt.
1.3.2.
HIGH FREQUENCY ANTENNA
The high sensitivity antenna is intended to operate in the HF
detector/frequency meter mode.
The antenna is connected to “RF ANT” socket.
CAUTION! The antenna contains a UHF-amplifier that can be
destroyed by a discharge of static electricity. To avoid that danger, touch
the unit with bare hand before handling the antenna.
1.3.3.
ADAPTER FOR POWER LINE SCANNING ANALYSER
This is a transformer type voltage converter with an adjustable
transformation ratio.
On the front panel of the adapter, indicators are located for the line
voltage indication, along with attenuator switch.
The adapter is connected to the “PROBES” connector.
CAUTION! In order to avoid physical injuries, strictly follow electrical
safety rules and precautions when operating the adapter.
1.3.4.
POWER LINE DIFFERENTIAL ADAPTER
This adapter forms a sensitive differential amplifier.
It is connected to the “PROBES” connector.
CAUTION! This adapter is intended for checking the conductive
electrical lines with the voltage not exceeding 70 volts.
1.3.5.
MAGNETIC SENSOR
The magnetic sensor consists of magnetic antenna and preamplifier.
The switch located on the handle of the sensor, provides two modes of
operation:
particularly of the magnetic sensor and a gradient meter (with differential
connection of the magnetic antenna).
The sensor is connected to the “PROBES” connector via the
connecting cable.
1.3.6.
INFRARED SENSOR
The sensor includes an infrared radiation receiver and preamplifier.
It is connected to the “PROBES” connector via the connecting cable.
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1.3.7. ACOUSTIC SENSOR

The sensor includes an acoustic transducer (microphone) and
preamplifier.
1.3.8. ACOUSTIC VIBRATION SENSOR
This sensor consists of a sensitive accelerometer and a built-in

preamplifier.
1.4. DESCRIPTION OF THE “TEST” CONTROL DEVICE
The testing device (TD) is intended for monitoring of operating

availability of the product ST031.
The use of TD allows you to assess operating availability of the
following modes of operation of the ST031 unit:
- radio frequency detector-frequency meter;
- conductive wire lines‟ Analyser (CLA);
- low frequency magnetic fields detector;
- infrared radiation detector.
The TD includes a set of simulators integrated in one housing and
provided with an independent power supply.
The following simulators are used for assessment of operating availability:
- simulator used with the radio frequency detector-frequency meter forms a miniature radio
transmitter with quartz stabilization of frequency;
- simulator used with the conductive wire lines Analyser forms a signal generator with a preset
output frequency;
- simulator used with the low frequency magnetic fields detector forms a source of stabilized
magnetic field;
- simulator used with the infrared radiation detector, forms an IR-band transmitter with a preset
value of the subcarrier frequency.
The TD facility allows to carry out an assessment of the sensitivity of the tested channel, precision of
associated measurements (frequency meter, synthesizer of the conductive wire lines Analyser), operating
availability of the sensors, oscilloscope, spectrum Analyser, and display of the results of measurements.
Soluzione PA Srl
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1.5. PACKING
The instrument is made as a

portable version of equipment. A special
carrying bag is used for its transportation
and storage.
For convenience of transportation
the bag is equipped with a shoulder belt.
Tempering of possible effect from external
shocks and pressing forces is provided by
the reinforcing metallic inserts placed within
the side walls of the bag.
In addition to the
internal compartment of the
bag, there are three pockets at
the exterior sides, closed with
zippers and intended for
storing of components of the
product, documentation and
other necessary accessories.
The internal compartment is
equipped with dedicated cavities and holders for secure, compact
and easy placement of the components.
The cable for connecting to the scanner receiver, cable for
connecting to IBM PC, cable for audio information recording, and the
floppy disk with the software are located in the front pocket of the packaging bag.
Soluzione PA Srl
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Telefono 06.2260033 (r.a.) FAX 06.2262336
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1.6. CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

The instrument is switched on by placing the “POWER” switch in the “ON” position. At this stage,
simultaneously with a beep signal, the display screen backlighting goes on, and the following message
appears:
“SMERSH TECHNICS LTD”
“St. Petersburg”;
“Russia”;
“2009”
Control of the instrument is provided with the help of 16-button pad.
Functions of the buttons on the control pad retain the same for all modes of operation:
 “MUTE” is used for switching on (and off ) the audio monitoring loudspeaker;
 “+” and “-“ provide volume control for the audio monitoring;
 “HELP” allows to have a context help when operating in any mode. Selection of Russian or English
language is possible;
 “OSC” switches on oscilloscopic display of the signal in the current mode of operation;
 “SA” switches on spectral display of the signal in the current mode of operation;
 “SAVE” enables to perform storage of the displayed information in the nonvolatile memory;
 “LOAD” allows to display the information previously stored in the nonvolatile memory;
 “RUN / STOP” initiates start (stop) of the current dynamic measurements of the monitored signal‟s
parameters;
 “SET” allows to select between various options of performing analysis of the monitored signal;
 “ENTER” performs selection between the options of auditory monitoring, and input of the selected
options of performing analysis of the monitored signal;
 use “RESET” button to restart the instrument.
The other functions of the control buttons are dependent upon specificity of application of the instrument
in particular modes of operation and described in Section 1.9.
Display of the results is provided on an LCD display having resolution of 128 x 64 points, with an adjustable
backlighting. The following symbols located in the upper section of the display are common for all modes of
operation:
Battery discharge indication. For details of the various types of indications, please refer to Section
1.7.
, Indication of ON (and OFF) for the audio monitoring mode. The control is performed with the help
of “MUTE” button.
When the measured value reaches the upper limit, or the lower limit of the preset values, a warning
appears on the display in the form of “RANGE OUT!” message.
1.6.1. DISPLAY SCREEN BACKLIGHTING CONTROL PROCEDURE

Depress “HELP” button. Use the “+” and “-” buttons to set the desired brightness of the display
screen backlighting. When either of these buttons is depressed, the brightness scale appears in the right part
of the screed. Switching the preset level of the backlighting ON and OFF is performed by depressing “MUTE”
button in the “HELP” mode.
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1.7. POWER SUPPLY FOR THE INSTRUMENT

The ST031 power supply is provided by:
- an independent DC power supply unit with output voltage of 6 V, for which purpose a set of four AA
size batteries is used, otherwise, rechargeable batteries of the same type-dimension can be used;
- power supply unit connected to the socket provided on the rear surface of the principal control unit.
The voltage of the power batteries of 6 volts is the nominal value, and its availability is shown by a
fully-colored battery indication “ ”, displayed in all modes of instrument‟s operation in the upper line of
the display. The lower limit for the power supply voltage is the value of 4.8 volts, which corresponds to a fully
colorless and crossed battery indication " ". In such case the batteries shall be replaced, or the
rechargeable batteries shall be recharged.
It would be preferable to use “Energizer” type heavy-duty batteries for power supply of the
instrument. These batteries provide continuous operation of the instrument during no less than 6 hours under
the most difficult conditions (the screen backlighting is set to maximum brightness, and the built-in
loudspeaker is used for auditory monitoring at maximum output level). With the screen backlighting switched
OFF, and medium level auditory monitoring performed using the headphones, the batteries retain operable
condition (discharge down to the level not lower than 4.8 volts) within no less than five days with continuous
four-hour daily operation of the ST031 instrument.
1.8. SOME LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1.8.1. Transportation and storage of the complete set of ST031 instrument shall only be performed using the
standard packaging bag.
For a lengthy storage, closed spaces with heating can be uses, with the ambient temperature +10 to
o
+35 C and humidity not exceeding 80 %.
When transporting, care shall be taken to avoid shocks or pressing forces affecting the standard
packaging.
1.8.2. After a considerably long period (more than 4 hours) of storage of the instrument under the ambient
o
temperature lower than -5 C, the instrument can only be switched ON under an expressed absence of any
signs of moisture and only after the condensed moisture has dried off.
1.8.3. In case of lengthy breaks in the instrument‟s operation, the batteries shall be removed from the
instrument.
1.8.4. In the course of works with the instrument, it shall be kept away from the precipitation of condensed
moisture (rain, drizzle, snow).
The LCD display and the infrared sensor shall not be subject to straight sunlight.
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1.9. MODES OF THE INSTRUMENT’S OPERATION

The ST031 operates in the following modes:
 Radio frequency detector-frequency meter;
 Conductive wire lines scanning Analyser;
 Infrared radiation detector;
 Low frequency magnetic fields detector;
 Acoustic vibration converter;
 Acoustic converter;
 Low frequency differential amplifier.
Switching the ST031 into any of these modes of operation is made automatically by connecting the
external accessories (antennas, adapter, sensors) to the RF-connector designated as “RF ANT”, or to the
“PROBES” connector.
At one time the instrument can only operate in any one of the above mentioned principal modes of
operation. With connecting of one or another external accessory to the instrument, the appropriate mode of
operation is initiated, and respective message is displayed on the LCD screen:
“RADIO-FREQUENCY CHANNEL” – Radio frequency detector-frequency meter mode;
“WIRE LINES ANALYSIS” – Conductive wire lines scanning Analyser mode;
“INFRARED CHANNEL” – Infrared radiation detector mode;
“MAGNETIC CHANNEL” – Low frequency magnetic fields detector mode;
“ACOUSTIC VIBRATION CHANNEL” – Acoustic vibration converter mode;
“ACOUSTIC CHANNEL” – Acoustic receiver mode and wire acoustic receiver mode.
In the absence of any connected external accessories (the connectors “RF ANT” and “PROBES” are
not engaged), when the instrument power is switched ON, the radio frequency detector-frequency meter
mode is initialized.
1.9.1. RADIO FREQUENCY DETECTOR-FREQUENCY METER MODE
In this mode, the instrument ensures reception of radio

signals within the band of 30 to 2500 MHz, envelope detection of
signals and forms audio output for auditory monitoring and analysis
in the form of alternate tone beeps (clicks), or in the form of
phonograms for their listening with the help of the built-in
loudspeaker, or the headphones.
At any time, the most powerful radio signal of all existing
signals is being received against the background formed by the
natural interference environment. The level of this signal,
comparatively to the preset detector‟s threshold, is displayed on the two-lines indicator having a
40-segment scale.
The difference in application of the two scales is as follows: the upper scale (D) indicates the
averaged amplitude of the envelope-detected signal, whereas the lower scale (A) indicates the peak values
of the signal. Consequently, in the upper line, the signals with AM- and FM-modulation will be dominating,
however, in the lower line the signals similar to pulse-type signals will be dominating (such as DECT, GSM).
The presence of indication in both the lines would prompt that a mixed type of signal is received at the
sensor‟s input (for instance, TV signal).
In case of consistent reception of a signal having “a fortiori” known parameters, a message with
signal identification appears under the digital scale indicating the signal level.
Indication of detected signals in the following standards is provided: GSM (with the message “GSM”),
DECT (with the message “DECT”).
Depending on the conditions and the purpose of the monitoring-and-search operations it is possible
to perform selection and setting the required (the most reasonable) threshold for the detector.
Simultaneously, the measurements of the current frequency values of the received redio-signal is
performed, along with determination of its most stable value of the frequency (for the signals having constant
carrier frequency). Both the values are displayed on the screen.
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Changes in frequency value is displayed on the screen in the form of a horizontal line having
dynamically changing length (there is a reverse proportional relationship between the length of the line and
the frequency stability, i.e. the high unsteadiness of the radio signal frequency corresponds to the shorter
length of the indicator line).
With connecting of scanning receiver (AR5000, 8000, 8200 etc.) to the ST031, possibility is provided
to set the frequency of the scanning receiver to have the value of frequency of the signal received by the
ST031 (for ST031P only).
Instrument control in radio frequency detector-frequency meter mode.
Setting “zero” threshold

After the instrument power has been switched on and the “RADIO-FREQUENCY CHANNEL”
message has been displayed, then for a short time the “AUTOTUNING LEVEL ZERO” message appears in
the upper line of the screen. This means that “zero” threshold has been set for the detector automatically.
Consequently, automatic setting the detector‟s threshold to “zero” is made by depressing the button
designated as “▲”. If necessary it is possible to set the detector‟s threshold manually by depressing the
buttons “◄” or “►”, referring for the guidance to the auxiliary scale reading
“min - - - | - - - max”, which scale appears each time you depress either of these buttons.
Setting dynamic range for the indicator

For this to be set, depress the “▼” button. Three options are provided: -8 … +16 dB, -8 … +32 dB,
and -8 … +48 dB. When the instrument is switched on, the level indicator scale is displayed on the screen,
showing the boundaries of the dynamic range “-8 … +32 dB”.
Halting the dynamic measurements mode

To halt the measurements, depress the “RUN/STOP” button. Subsequently, you should see a fixed
result of the latest measurement of the signal‟s frequency, and the “STOP” message would appear in the
upper right corner of the display. Depressing the “RUN/STOP” button repeatedly would restart dynamic
measurements.
Setting the audio monitoring mode

To set this mode, depress the “ENTER” button.
In case if you select “TONE”, the audio output will have the form of consecutive “clicks” audible via
the built-in loudspeaker, or via the headphones. The higher the level of the signal, the more frequently the
“clicks” are heard.
If you select “AUD”, the output will be an audible signal produced by demodulation in the amplitude
detector.
Setting the type of scanning receiver (for ST031P only)

Possible options: AOR 8000, AOR 8200 (AOR 5000).
Setting is performed in the following sequence: depress the “SET” button. There shall be the
“SELECT TYPE AOR” message in the upper line of the display. By depressing the “2” button for several
times, select the required type of the scanning receiver. Confirm the selection by depressing the “ENTER”
button.
When setting has been performed for AOR 8200, it also provides control for AOR 5000.
Depressing the “OSC” button switches the instrument to oscilloscopic monitoring of the
demodulated signal.
Depressing the “SA” button switches the instrument to spectrum analysis of the demodulated
signal.
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1.9.2. CONDUCTIVE WIRE LINES SCANNING ANALYSER MODE
In this mode, the instrument provides reception and

display of parameters for the signals detected in conductive wire
lines used for various purposes (electric supply mains,
telephone networks, local area computer networks, fire alarm
networks, security alarm networks etc.), whether these lines are
de-energized, or energized, under (DC or AC) voltage, up to
600 V.
Connecting the ST031 instrument to the analyzed line is
performed via adapter for the conductive lines scanning
Analyser using special connecting extensions. Reception of
signals is performed by means of automatic or manual scanning
within the frequency range of
00.1 – 15 MHz. The frequency tuning increment is constant and makes 5 kHz and 1 kHz for automatic and
manual scanning respectively.
For adaptation of the instrument‟s adjustments to the conditions and purpose of the monitoring-and-
search operations, selection of direction of scanning and auto-scanning speed is provided, along with
selection of the required boundaries for the range of tuning.
Auto-scanning halt function is provided depending on the preset threshold, as well as the
spectrogram subtraction mode.
Classification of signals in the examined conductive lines is performed based on the analysis of
automatically displayed panorama, which depicts the spectrum of component frequencies of the signal.
Auditory monitoring of the received signal can be provided via the built-in loudspeaker, or via the
headphones.
For adaptation of the instrument‟s adjustments to the conditions and purpose of the monitoring-and-
search operations, selection of direction of scanning and auto-scanning speed is provided, along with
selection of the required boundaries for the range of tuning.
Auto-scanning halt function is provided depending on the preset threshold, as well as the panoramas
subtraction (comparison) mode.
With connecting a scanning receiver (AR5000, 8000, 8200) to the ST031, it is possible to set the
receiving frequency of the scanning receiver to have the value of the frequency of the received signal (for
ST031P only).
Instrument control in conductive wire lines’ scanning Analyser mode
Setting the lower and the upper frequency boundaries for scanning
- depress the “SET” button;
- depress the “4” button. In the left part of the line, a blinking “_” cursor appears, indicating that the
instrument is ready for input of the frequencies values;
- perform in sequence, first, the input of the lower frequency, and then the upper frequency in the
range, using the format of “XX.XXX MHz”. To complete the input of the value for each of the frequencies,
confirm the input by depressing the “ENTER” button.
Setting the middle band frequency for scanning and the band width
- depress the “5” button. In the left part of the line, a blinking “_” cursor appears, indicating that the
instrument is ready for input of the frequencies values;
- perform in sequence, first, the input of the middle band frequency, and then the band width, using
the format of “XX.XXX MHz”. To complete the input of the value for each of the frequencies, confirm the
input by depressing the “ENTER” button.
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NOTE: In case of an error in typing the required value during the input of frequencies, resetting is performed
by depressing the “◄” button.
After depressing the “ENTER” button, the displayed values of the input frequencies may not be the
same values as you have typed them, but there may be the closest values possible, taken from the file
containing the fixed allowed frequencies in the range.
If you depress the “ENTER” button at the request for input (the cursor is blinking), then the frequency
value set earlier will be saved.
Setting the type of demodulation

To do this, depress the “ENTER” button.
There is a choice of either AM or FM-demodulation. The type of demodulation which has been set is
displayed in the upper line of the screen.
Manual setting of fine tuning mode

This setting is performed by depressing the “RUN/STOP” button. Consequently, the “RUN” message
in the upper right corner of the display will be replaced by “FINE” message. The audio channel will be
internally connected to the Analyser. This is confirmed by an audible signal from the built-in loudspeaker or
the headphones, and also by changing the symbol
in the upper line of the screen to the new symbol .
Scanning direction and speed control

- depressing the “◄” button moves the marker under the horizontal axis of the spectrogram in the
direction from the upper boundary to the lower boundary of the scanning range;
- depressing the “►” button moves the marker in the direction from the lower boundary to the
upper boundary of the scanning range;
- by depressing the “◄” and “►” buttons repeatedly, the speed of motion of the markers in the
respective direction will be increased.
Setting the spectra subtraction mode

This mode can only be set after complete output on the display of the diagram within the full length of
the frequency (horizontal) axis.
- with sequential depressing of the “2” button, the following messages would appear in the fourth
line on the display: “2 > Difference ON D2-1”, “2 > Difference ON D1-2”, “2 > Difference OFF”;
- with selecting of position “… ON D2-1” (by depressing the “ENTER” button), differentiation mode
will be switched on, with the indication “DIFF” in the upper right corner, which means subtraction of the
spectrum previously displayed before switching to this mode, including a spectrum read from the nonvolatile
memory, from the newly-obtained spectrum;
- with selecting of position “… ON D1-2”, subtraction is performed, of the newly-obtained spectrum
from the previously displayed before switching to this mode, including a spectrum read from the nonvolatile
memory;
- depressing the “2” and “ENTER” buttons, cancels the spectra subtraction mode.
Selecting amplitude range

Two ranges are provided, “0.1 † 10 mV” or “0.1 † 1 mV”.
To select the range:
- by depressing the “5” button, set the appropriate range indication in the sixth line, corresponding
to either of the above amplitude ranges.
The boundary of the amplitude range is shown to the left from the vertical axis of the spectrogram.
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The range 0.1 ÷ 10 mV has been preset as default.
Setting the input signal attenuation

To provide additional attenuation of the signal level at the input, a fixed attenuator is placed within
the adapter. The leftmost position of the switch corresponds to the operation without additional attenuation of
the signal, the rightmost position provides additional attenuation of the signal by the factor of six
approximately in amplitude.
Setting “zero” signal level threshold

- by depressing the “3” button, obtain the message “3 – > # $ THRESHOLD level”;
- depress the “ENTER” button, which provides returning of the panorama on the display;
- by depressing the “▲” or “▼” button, set the required “zero” threshold for the signal level
indication. On the screen under the horizontal axis of the panorama, the message appears: “Level threshold
= XX %”, where “XX %” is the currently set value of the indication threshold (in per sent of the total amplitude
range of the signal level meter).
Setting the scanning halt threshold.

- depress the “SET” button. Make sure that there is a message in the fifth line: “3 – > SQUELCH
level”. If the message does not appear, depress the “3” button. Depress the “ENTER” button, which provides
returning of the panorama on the display;
- by depressing the “▲” or “▼” button, set the scanning halt threshold (a short horizontal dash in the
right part of the display).
Switching to oscilloscopic monitoring of the signal parameters is performed by depressing the
“OSC” button.
Switching to spectrum analysis of the signal parameters is performed by depressing the “SA”
button.
1.9.3. INFRARED RADIATION DETECTOR MODE
In this mode, the instrument provides reception of radiation

generated by the sources capable of emitting in infrared range. Detection
of signals is provided, with the output for auditory monitoring and
analysis. Listening is provided by the built-in loudspeaker, as well as by
the headphones.
At any time, the most powerful signal of all signals existing in the
working range is being received, against the background formed by the
natural interference environment.
The level of this signal, comparatively to the preset detector‟s threshold,
is displayed on the indicator having a 21-segment scale. Depending on
the conditions and the purpose of the monitoring-and-search operations it is possible to perform selection
and setting the required (the most reasonable) threshold for the instrument.
Instrument control in the infrared radiation detector mode
Setting “zero” threshold

This procedure is similar to the radio frequency detector-frequency meter mode (see Section 1.9.1.).
Setting the audio monitoring mode

This procedure is similar to the radio frequency detector-frequency meter mode.
Switching to oscilloscopic monitoring of the signal is performed by depressing the “OSC” button.
Switching to spectrum analysis of the signal parameters is performed by depressing the “SA”
button.
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1.9.4. LOW FREQUENCY MAGNETIC FIELDS DETECTOR MODE
In this mode of operation reception of the signals is ensured, the signals originated from the sources
of low frequency electromagnetic fields with predominance of magnetic component of the field, within the
range of 300 to 5000 Hz, and the signal‟s parameters display is provided.
Classification of signals and their sources is performed based on the analysis of the displayed
oscillogram, and listening with the help of the built-in loudspeaker or the headphones.
For operation in a complex interference environment, differential connection of the magnetic antenna
is provided.
Instrument control in the low frequency magnetic fields detector mode

Setting differential connection of the antenna
It is performed with the help of a switch located on the handle of the magnetic antenna. Position
"near the white spot” corresponds to the mode switched ON. Position “far from the white spot” corresponds
to the mode switched OFF, respectively.
All other settings correspond to the oscilloscope mode.

By depressing the “SA” button, the instrument is switched to analysis of the spectrum of the received
signal.
1.9.5. ACOUSTIC VIBRATION CONVERTER MODE
In this mode the instrument provides reception from the external acoustic vibration sensor and
displays parameters of low-frequency signals in the range of 300 to 6000 Hz.
Assessment of security conditions is made on the basis of analysis of the displayed oscillogram or
spectrogdam and listening to the received low-frequency signal. For this purpose, either the built-in
loudspeaker or the headphones can be used.
Instrument control in the acoustic vibration receiver mode
This mode is a replicate of the oscilloscopic mode.
By depressing the “SA” button, the instrument is switched to analysis of the spectrum of the
received signal.
1.9.6. ACOUSTIC CONVERTER MODE
In this mode the instrument provides reception with the external acoustic sensor (remote
microphone) and displays parameters of low-frequency signals in the range of 300 to 6000 Hz.
Assessment of condition of sound insulation in the spaces and revelation of possible information
leakage channels is made on the basis of analysis of the displayed oscillogram or spectrogdam and by
listening to the audio signal. For this purpose, either the built-in loudspeaker or the headphones can be used.
Instrument control in the acoustic converter mode
By depressing the “SA” button, the instrument is switched to analysis of the spectrum of the
received signal.
1.9.7. LOW FREQUENCY DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER MODE
In this mode the instrument provides reception and displays parameters of signals in conductive lines
with the voltage up to 100 volts, within the range of audio frequencies (300 to 6000 Hz).
In this mode, it is possible to reveal:
- active microphones, as well as passive microphones (not equipped with a preamplifier);
- “microphone effect” originating from the office equipment, domestic radio-electronic appliances,
security-and-fire alarm networks etc., in the examined line.
Symmetrical input of the CLDA adapter allows to effectively suppers external interference signals.
Connecting the ST031 instrument to the analyzed line is made via the conductive line differential
adapter (CLDA) with the help of special connecting extensions.
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Revelation of the perilous signals in the line is performed on the basis of the oscillogram or
spectrogram displayed on the screen and by listening to the audio signal. For this purpose, either the built-in
loudspeaker or the headphones can be used.
Instrument control in the conductive lines’ acoustic receiver mode

By depressing the “SA” button, the instrument is switched to analysis of the spectrum of the received
signal.
2. ADDITIONAL CAPABILITIES
2.1. OSCILLOSCOPE
The instrument provides the same general measurement

functions, like amplitude, frequency, time parameters
measurement for the analyzed signals, which functions are typical
for commonly used oscilloscopes.
The unit can operate in single-channel, or in two-channel
mode. The standard mode is single-channel with the oscilloscope
input connected to the output of the amplitude detector of the main
channel of the instrument.
Switching to this mode is performed automatically when
the instrument is used in low frequency magnetic fields detector
mode, in acoustic vibration, acoustic, and conductive lines‟
acoustic receiver mode; when the instrument operates in radio
frequency
detector-frequency meter mode, conductive lines scanning Analyser mode, and infrared radiation detector
mode, it can be switched to oscilloscopic mode by depressing the “OSC” button.
Two-channel mode of the oscilloscope is an auxiliary mode and can be used, for instance, for
comparison of the signal received by the main channel of the instrument, against some external standard
signal fed to the instrument via an auxiliary connector “OSC 2”. The single-channel oscilloscopic mode is
also auxiliary mode (common low-frequency oscilloscope) when the examined signal is fed to the instrument
via the auxiliary connector “OSC 2”.
In the oscilloscope, the options are available based on the software capabilities, for selection of the
vertical sweep parameters and control of displacement of the “beam” along the vertical axis, selection of
boundaries for horizontal sweep, selection of digitizing methods applied for signals and synchronization
options, as well as implementation of cursor measurements procedure.
This makes for buildup of oscillograms and assessment of signals‟ parameters under various
conditions of carrying out the monitoring-and-search works.
Instrument control in oscilloscope mode
Selecting the horizontal sweep boundaries
This can be done using the “◄” and “►” buttons. Consequently, in the lower line of the display
screen, values will be shown, the values set for the sweep boundaries. At the right, the sweep duration for
the whole screen is indicated, whereas at the left the sweep time per a single point (the total number of
points is 128).
Horizontal sweep has 7 ranges: 0.75 ms; 3.00 ms; 6.00 ms; 12.0 ms; 30.0 ms; 90.0 ms; 180.0 ms;
480 ms.
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With the “0.75 ms” range, the displayed information reflects the results of linear interpolation based
on 32 readings. This is confirmed by the “I” sign which appears in the rightmost position in the second line on
the display.
Selecting the vertical sweep boundaries

This selection can be done with the help of “5” and “6” buttons. Consequently, the message “AUTO”
appears in the upper right corner, which indicates that the value for the vertical sweep boundary is initially
set automatically, depending on the level of signal. The selected value for the vertical sweep boundary is
indicated in the upper left corner of the display.
The vertical sweep has the following boundaries:
- in the units of millivolts (mV) – 0.6, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640, 1280, 2560;
- in the units of decibels (dB) – 15.4, 22, 28, 34, 40, 46, 52, 58, 64, 70, 76, 82, 88.
The levels in dB are calculated in relation to 0.1 mV. For the infrared, acoustic, conductive wires‟
acoustic, acoustic vibration and magnetic channels, the amplitude dynamic range for the measurements
corresponds to the value of 75 dB and is related to the signal fed to "PROBES" connector. For the radio
frequency channel and for conductive wire lines' Analyser, the amplitude dynamic range for the
measurements corresponds to the value of 35 dB and is related to the signal at the output of the respective
detector.
The automatic sweep mode is retraced by depressing the “RESET” button.
Selecting the signal digitizing method

This can be done by depressing the “SET” button (recall the menu to appear on the display) and
consequent depressing the “3” button until one of the required messages appear in the third line:
“3 – >SAMPLE measure”;
“3 – > PEAK DETECT measure”;
“3 – > AVERAGE measure”.
The “SAMPLE” option has been set as default. In this method, single extracts are made, in
accordance with the time value set for the sweep.
The “PEAK DETECT” option corresponds to the so called peak detection based on several
measurements performed at one time. With this measurement, in each point of time sweep on the
oscillogram the maximum and the minimum measured value is depicted, and in the upper right corner of the
display, the message “PXXX” shows the number of extracts performed per one time point. The effect from
operation in this mode is increased with the increase of the time sweep range width, where the number of
extracts per one time point is increased. This mode is useful when monitoring shot surges on relatively low-
frequency signals.
In the “AVERAGE” option, calculation of the average value is performed from a number of extracts for one
time point, which result is displayed in the upper right corner of the display with a message of “AXXX”. This
mode can be useful for analysis of noisy, relatively low-frequency signals.
Selecting the synchronization options

Selection of the required option for the synchronization system operation is performed by depressing
the “SET” button and consequently by depressing the “4” button to obtain one of the following messages in
the fourth line on the display:
“4 – > Trigger OFF”;
“4 – > Trigger ON in AUTO”;
“4 – > Trigger ON in STOP”.
With selection of the “OFF” option, the synchronization functions are not used.
With selection of the “ON in AUTO” option, the oscillogram is dynamically displayed on the screen
under the conditions set for synchronization.
With the option “ON in STOP” selected, the oscillogram under the conditions selected for
synchronization, “freezes”, and provides the readiness for accomplishment of cursor measurements (at that
stage, the “STOP” message appears in the upper right corner of the display). To continue dynamic
displaying of the oscillogram, the “RUN/STOP” button must be depressed.
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With the synchronization switched on with the help of the “SET” and “4” buttons, prior to execution of
the set conditions of synchronization, the “WAIT” message will be displayed in the upper right corner of the
screen.
The required synchronization condition is set by depressing of the “SET” button (display of the
menu on the screen) and consequential depressing of the “5” button, which results in scrolling through the
following four messages:
“5 – > Trigger run > LEVEL”;
“5 – > Trigger run < LEVEL”;
“5 – > Trigger run RISE”;
“5 – > Trigger run FALL”.
The “LEVEL” option sets “synchronization by level”. In that case, a comparison is done of the
instantaneous value of the signal level against the preset threshold.
With selection of the “5 – > Trigger run > LEVEL” option, the synchronization is activated in case
where the instantaneous value of the signal exceeds the preset level (which value is set with the help of the
buttons “5” and “6”) in case where after depressing of the “SET” button, the “TRIGGER level” function was
selected in the second line of the menu, with the help of “2” button. Then, a short horizontal dash in the right
edge of the oscillogram would indicate this level (synchronization by level). This dash would be displayed in
two cases: when the synchronization by level has been switched on, and when the synchronization level
adjustment (“2 > TRIGGER level”) has been selected for the buttons “” and “”.
With selection of the “5 – > Trigger run < LEVEL” option, the synchronization will be activated in case
where the value of the signal is lower than the preset level.
“RISE” sets synchronization “by front”. I. e. the condition of synchronization will depend on
occurrence of positive differential of instantaneous amplitude of the signal for two consecutive
measurements, for more than 5 % of the amplitude range of indication.
“FALL” sets synchronization “by decline”. I. e. the condition of synchronization will depend on
occurrence of negative differential of instantaneous amplitude of the signal for two consecutive
measurements, for more than 5 % of the amplitude range of indication.
Performing cursor measurements

To perform cursor measurements you should depress the “RUN/STOP” button. Consequently, the
oscillogram would “freeze” and the “STOP” message would appear in the upper right corner of the display.
The similar effect is seen when the set synchronization conditions are met for the mode “Trigger ON in
STOP”. A vertical marker is displayed then, which can be shifted along the horizontal axis with the “◄” and
“►” buttons. Measurements of time and amplitude value which corresponds to the current position of the
marker are displayed in the middle of the lower line and upper line respectively. As applied to the “PEAK
DETECT” mode, an alternate indication is provided, for the maximum and minimum values of these
parameters in the current time point.
A possibility is provided to perform relative measurements of time intervals. To do this, the “RESET”
button must be depressed (when the unit is in the cursor measurements mode). In the middle part of the
second line of the display, the message “0.00” appears, whereas to the right, another message “0.00 kHz”
appears.
Now, with the motion of the marker, the readings in this line are changing, which mean the measured relative
interval and respective frequency. By depressing the “RESET” button repeatedly, these readings are
cleared. To cancel the cursor measurements mode, depress the “RUN/STOP” button.
Switching to the two-channel mode

1
This is performed by depressing the “ENTER (CP /2)”. Consequently, two horizontal axes would
appear on the screen, and the lower one will serve for displaying the signal fed from the auxiliary connector
“OSC 2”.
In the upper left corner of the screen (under indication of the value set for the vertical sweep
boundary) the sign “►” appears, which originally indicates that the control, indication and audio output of the
1
signal are performed for the first channel only. By depressing the “ENTER (CP /2)” button repeatedly, this
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sign is shifted to the level of the second channel‟s oscillogram, which means transfer of the functions of
control, visual display and audio output to this channel.
Switching to the single-channel mode, working with signals fed from “OSC 2” connector
To switch to this mode, when setting the oscilloscope mode (e.g., after depressing “OSC” button),
you should depress the “OSC” button repeatedly, within 2 seconds. Consequently, the message
“OSCILLOSCOPE ONLY CH2” appears on the screen for a shot time.
In this optional mode, dynamic range of the measurements amounts to 35 dB and is related to the
signal fed to the “OSC 2” connector. Additionally, it is possible to select one of the four levels of attenuation
of the signal at the input, by means of depressing the “SET” button, and consequently by depressing the “9”
button. In the seventh line of the display, the following four options appear: “9 > Level CH2 0 dB”, “9 > Level
CH2 10dB”, “9 > Level CH2 20dB”, “9 > Level CH2 30dB”. This expands the dynamic range to cover 65 dB.
The option “… 20dB”, for instance, means that for calculation of the true value of the amplitude at the input
(“OSC 2” connector), you should add 20dB to the displayed numeric value.
2.2. SPECTRUM ANALYSER
This mode provides the same general functions of

measurements for amplitude and frequency parameters of the
examined signals, which are typical for commonly used spectrum
Analysers.
The algorithm of the instrument‟s operation is based on
calculation of 256-point BPF with amplitude dynamic range of the
result to cover 96 dB.
The unit can operate in either single-channel or two-channel
mode. The standard mode is single-channel with the spectrum
Analyser input connected to the output of the amplitude detector of
the main channel of the instrument. The two-channel mode of the
spectrum Analyser is optional, and can be used, for instance, like in the oscilloscope, for comparison of the
spectrum of the signal received by the main channel of the instrument, against the spectrum of some
external standard signal fed to the auxiliary input via connector “OSC 2”.
The single-channel mode of the spectrum Analyser is also an auxiliary mode (a common low-
frequency spectrum Analyser mode) when the examined signal is fed to the auxiliary input via connector
“OSC 2”.
In the spectrum Analyser, the options are available based on the software capabilities, for selection
of the vertical sweep parameters and the boundaries for horizontal sweep, types of spectral analysis, as well
as implementation of cursor measurements procedure. This makes for optimal buildup of spectrograms and
assessment of signals‟ parameters.
Instrument control in the spectrum Analyser mode
Selecting the vertical sweep boundary

This selection can be done with the help of “▲” and “▼” buttons. The boundary can be set to have
the following values:
- in the units of millivolts (mV) – 0.6 mV, 1.25 mV, 2.5 mV, 5 mV, 10 mV, 20 mV, 40 mV, 80 mV, 160
mV, 320 mV, 640 mV, 1280 mV, 2560 mV. The values 0.6 mV, 1.25 mV are only available for acoustic,
conductive wires‟ acoustic, acoustic vibration and magnetic channels.
- in the units of decibels (dB) – 15.4, 22, 28, 34, 40, 46, 52, 58, 64, 70, 76, 82, 88.
The levels in dB are calculated in relation to 0.1 mV. For the infrared, acoustic, acoustic vibration and
magnetic channels, the amplitude dynamic range for the measurements corresponds to the value of
75 dB and is related to the signal fed to “PROBES” connector. For the radio frequency channel and for
conductive wire lines‟ Analyser, the amplitude dynamic range for the measurements corresponds to the
value of 35 dB and is related to the signal at the output of the respective detector.
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Cancellation of automatic sweep mode and return to manual control will be confirmed by absence of
the “AUTO” message in the upper right corner of the screen.
Selecting the horizontal sweep boundaries

This can be done using the “◄” and “►” buttons.
Horizontal sweep has 7 ranges: 20.8 kHz, 10.4 kHz, 5.20 kHz, 2.60 kHz, 1.30 kHz, 0.650 kHz, 0.260
kHz.
The values set for the sweep boundaries are indicated in the lower line of the screen. At the right, the
frequency range of the whole display is indicated, whereas at the left the frequency increment per one point
is indicated (total number of points is 128). In the middle part of the lower line of the screen, the frequency of
the peak harmonic in the spectrum is always indicated.
Selecting the type of spectrum analysis

This selection is done by depressing the “SET” button, and consequently by depressing the buttons
“2”, “3”, “4”, “5”, “6”, in sequence, the required type of spectral analysis can be set. By depressing these
buttons, the following actions are performed:
Depressing the “2‟ button, results in switching to the procedure of Hemming window
superimposition onto the array digitized by time. This is confirmed by the messages in the second line of
the screen “2 – > Window ON” or “2 – > Window OFF”, respectively.
Depressing of button “3-Line average ON/OFF”, toggles on (off) the spectrum harmonics linear
averaging function. This averaging should be applied in case of steady signals. In the upper right corner of
the screen, the message “Lxxx” is displayed, where xxx is the reading of the averaged results‟ counter. On
expiry of 128 cycles, the averaging is stopped. To continue operation, the button “RUN/STOP” should be
depressed. New acquisition can be initiated by the “RESET” button (this resets the cycles counter to zero).
Depressing of button “4 – Exp average ON (=) / ON (+) / ON (-) / OFF”, toggles on (and off) the
spectrum harmonics exponential averaging function. This averaging should be applied in case of time-
dependent signals. There are three options available for exponential averaging: “uniform” (=), with “rapid
increase” (+), with “rapid decrease” (-). The “uniform” averaging implies alteration of the amplitude of
harmonic components with the same coefficient in the direction of increase and in the direction of decrease.
In case of “rapid increase” averaging, the coefficient towards the direction of increase is 4 times higher than
the coefficient towards the direction of decrease. This can be used for underlining occasional signals. In case
of “rapid decrease” averaging, the coefficient towards the direction of decrease is 4 times higher than the
coefficient towards the direction of increase. This can be used for underlining non-occasional signals. In the
upper right corner of the screen, the message “Exxx” is displayed, where xxx is the reading of the averaged
results‟ counter. New acquisition can be initiated by the “RESET” button. In order to accelerate the procedure
of exponential averaging, the linear averaging mode can additionally be switched on (Line average ON). In
such case, linear averaging becomes active during the first ten cycles, and then exponential averaging is
permanently performed during the rest of the cycles. In the upper right corner of the screen, the message
“Fxxx” is displayed, where xxx is the reading of the averaged results‟ counter.
Depressing the button “5 – Peak hold ON / OFF” toggles on (and off) the spectrum peaks holding
(accumulation) function. In the upper right corner of the screen, the indicatio in the form of “Axxx” is
displayed, where xxx is the counter of accumulated spectra. New acquisition can be initiated by the “RESET”
button.
Depressing the button “6 – Bending around ON / OFF”, toggles on (and off) the spectrum envelope
display function.
Depressing the button “7 – Run diff. average” initiates the start of two averaged spectra
subtraction mode.
The procedure of measurements is as follows:
- with a certain averaging mode, the acquisition is performed to store some number of cycles for
the signal 1;
- by depressing the “SET” button, the acquisition is stopped;
- the signal 2 is applied, and the “7” button is depressed to perform the averaging for this signal.
On expiry of the same number of cycles which was used for the previously performed first averaging, the
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acquisition will be stopped automatically, and the result of subtraction will be displayed, however, the first
averaged spectrum will be subtracted from the second, which will be confirmed by the message “D2-1” in the
upper right corner. If the “ENTER” button is depressed, the result will be displayed for subtraction of the
second averaged spectrum from the first one, with the message “D1-2” in the upper right corner.
Subtraction of instantaneous results would be possible in case where all averaging modes have been
switched off:
“7 – > Difference ON D2-1 / ON D1-2 / OFF” toggles on (and off) the spectrum instantaneous harmonics
subtraction function. With selection of the option “… ON D2-1”, differentiation mode is turned on, with the
indication of message “DIFF” in the upper right corner, which means subtraction of the results displayed on
the screen prior to switching to this mode, including those retrieved from the nonvolatile memory (see
hereunder), from the newly obtained results. Selection of the option “… ON D1-2”, initiates subtraction of the
newly obtained results from those displayed on the screen prior to switching to this mode, including those
retrieved from the nonvolatile memory (see hereunder).
Selecting the units of measurements

This selection is done by depressing the button “8 – > Unit ampl dB / mV” – selection of the required
units for numerical indication of amplitude (decibels or millivolts).
In the two-channel mode of operation, another item appears in the menu:
“9 – > Level CH2 0 dB / 10 dB / 20 dB / 30 dB” – selection of the attenuation level for the input
signal fed to the connector “OSC 2”. Dynamic range of signal measurements in this channel is 35 dB.
Additionally, it is possible to select one of the four levels of attenuation of the signal at the input, for the
dynamic range of measurements to be expanded to cover 65 dB. The message “… 20 dB”, for instance,
means that for calculation of the true value of the amplitude at the input (“OSC 2” connector), you should add
20 dB to the displayed numeric value. For calculations in case where numeric values are given in millivolts,
use the following relations: 10 dB – > multiply by 3.16; 20 dB – > multiply by 10; 30 dB – > multiply by 31.6.
Performing cursor measurements

Cursor measurements are available after depressing the “RUN/STOP” button. Consequently, if any of the
averaging modes has been switched on, a letter appears under the “STOP” message, the letter indicating
the corresponding mode of averaging: L, F, E, P. In this mode the “” and “” buttons control the
displacement of vertical marker along the horizontal axis. The measured values of frequency and amplitude
which corresponds to the current position of the marker are displayed in the lower line and the upper line. A
possibility is provided to perform relative measurements of frequency intervals. To do this, the “RESET”
button must be depressed. In the second line in the bottom of the display, the message “0.000”. Now, the
motion of the marker to the right, results in changing of the readings in this line, which readings mean the
measured relative frequency interval. By depressing the “RESET” button repeatedly, these readings are
cleared. To cancel the cursor measurements mode, depress the “RUN/STOP” button.
Switching to the two-channel mode of operation

1
This is performed by depressing the “ENTER (CP /2)” button. Consequently, the second channel
starts displaying the signal fed from the auxiliary connector “OSC 2” and in the upper left corner of the
screen, under indication of the value set for the vertical sweep boundary, the sign “►” appears, which sign
confirms that the control, indication and audio output of the signal are performed for the first channel.
1
Depressing the “ENTER (CP /2)” button repeatedly toggles between the two channels. In the two-channel
mode, the upper boundary of the frequency sweeps has the value of 10.4 kHz. This suggests the fact, that
digitization of the signals fed from the two channels is only performed synchronously (in-phase). A possibility
exists in the single-channel mode, to input the signal from the “OSC 2” connector only. To switch to this
mode, when setting the spectrum Analyser mode (e.g., after depressing “SA” button), you should depress
the “SA” button repeatedly, within 2 seconds. Consequently, the message “SPECTRUM ANALYSIS ONLY
CH2” appears on the screen for a shot time.
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2.3. NONVOLATILE MEMORY
The nonvolatile memory supplements the capabilities of the ST031 instrument with respect to signal
analysis, higher operating availability and reliability of the results of the monitoring-and-search works. It
provides, regardless of the condition of the power sources, saving and long-term storage of the following
displayed data:
- oscillogram or spectrogram of signals;
- panorama of the conductive lines‟ Analyser mode.
The number of entries: not less than 25.
2.4. APPLICATION OF IBM-COMPATIBLE COMPUTER (FOR ST031P ONLY)
For operation with an IBM PC, a specially developed software is used, which enables to perform the
following operations:
- continuous backup, of the information displayed on the ST031P instrument, on the screen of a
PC;
- creation of database containing the graphical and audio information acquired through the
operation of the ST031P instrument;
- examination of the created database regardless of the presence of the ST031P unit.
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3. WORKING WITH THE ST031

3.1. PRE-STARTING PROCEDURE FOR THE INSTRUMENT
The pre-starting procedure for the ST031 instrument especially prior to its first application, or after a
lengthy break in operation, is reasonably to begin with an external examination. In the course of this
examination it is necessary to ensure integrity of the packaging bag, and also to ensure that the delivered
complete set of the instrument conforms with that indicated in the technical certificate for the instrument, and
that all articles included in the delivery are free from visual mechanical damage.
Open the battery compartment lid and insert the batteries of rechargeable batteries, taking care of
the indicated polarity available on the bottom of the battery compartment. Close the battery compartment lid.
Now, the instrument is ready to be switched on.
3.2. RADIO FREQUENCY DETECTOR-FREQUENCY METER MODE
Prior to start working with the instrument switch off radio telephones and other radio transmitting
devices. It is not allowed to operate the ST031 simultaneously with a nonlinear radar set.
If the object of examination is an automobile, then it would be necessary to correctly select the
location for performing the job, from the point of view of the electromagnetic background level minimization.
For instance, no radiating communication means shall be located in proximity to the object, such as
television and radio broadcasting means, neither shall large reflecting (re-emitting) surfaces be located
nearby, like metallic enclosures, walls of the houses, garages, other automobiles.
To create an acoustic background, and for activation of radio-microphones provided with sound-
control, a testing source of sound shall be used. For such source, a tape recorder can be used for playing a
well-known musical or speech phonogram. Selection of the loudness of this testing audio signal is dependent
upon the dimensions of the spaces, as well as upon the sensitivity of the microphone of the radio-emitting
special technical means. Normally, these microphones provide stable reception of the sound having medium
level of loudness at a distance of about 10 meters.
Connect the telescopic antenna, using the antenna adapter, to the “RF ANT” connector. For more
detailed search subsequently use the radio frequency antenna which is more sensitive.
Set the detector’s “zero” threshold. The threshold setting shall not be performed in the examined
premise, as with the radio-emitting STM already operating in this premise, the level of radio emission thus
established will be determined as “zero” level.
Adjustments to the instrument shall be performed in one of the closest spaces to the one to be
examined, where the background level does not deviate significantly from that existing in the examined
room, however, placement of a radio-emitting STM would not be reasonable.
Use separately, or in combination, two principal methods of search and localisation of the sources of
perilous radio signals. These two methods are: “Amplitude method” and the method of “Acoustic
feedback”.
The “Amplitude method” is based on abrupt increase of the level of the received signal when the
receiving antenna is approaching the location where the source is placed. The radius of the zone of
revealing the source is dependent upon the power of the emitted signal, directivity of its antenna and the
level of background electric fields in the location of the receiving antenna of the instrument.
The received signal level should be monitored by the readings of the level indicators displayed on
the screen of the instrument, and by the frequency of clicks of the audio signal in the “TONE” mode.
The method of “Acoustic feedback” is based on creation of positive acoustic feedback between the
microphone of the radio-emitting STM and the built-in loudspeaker of the ST031 instrument (audio
monitoring in the “AUD” mode). The effect of “acoustic feedback” only takes place with the radio-
microphones where conventional types of modulation are applied – amplitude modulation and frequency
modulation. Moreover, in case of frequency modulation, this effect is based on the presence of “parasitic”
amplitude modulation in the frequency-modulated signal (in case of a high-grade manufacture of the radio-
microphone, this effect would be almost negligible, resulting in an almost full absence of the effect). The sign
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of the presence of the “acoustic feedback would be the audible signs of a specific “howl” whose tone and
intensity would change with the instrument‟s built-in loudspeaker approaching the radio-emitting STM.
The search is performed by a planned detour of the premise with a movement along the walls and inspection
of the furniture and other subjects located in the premise. When detouring, the antenna shall be orientated in
various planes, performing smooth slow turns of the principal unit and achieving the maximum level of the
signal. The antenna of the instrument shall be reasonably kept at a distance of not exceeding 10 to 15 cm
from the investigated surfaces and objects. With the use of the method of “acoustic feedback”, the built-in
loudspeaker of the instrument shall be directed towards the direction of the examined surfaces and objects
(the audio output power /loudness/ shall be set to the level of no less than 3/4 of the maximum value).
When approaching the aerial of the ST031Р instrument towards the radio-microphone, depending on
the type of signal, the number of colored sectors increases in one of the lines of the level indicator, and,
starting from the fourth sector, (counting down from the zero mark), the frequency of clicks increases, for the
audio signaling mode in the “TONE” mode.
In case of finding a source with a frequency-modulated signal, the number of coloured sectors would
increase in the upper indicator of the signal level.
In case of finding a radio-microphone provided with digital modulation modes, the indication of the
level increase would occur mainly on the lower indicator. In this case indication of the frequency of the
received signal will be fortuitous.
In case where telephones of the DECT standard, or GSM standard are used as a radio-microphone,
in addition to the indication of an increased level of the signal in the lower line, the indicator will additionally
read “DECT” or “GSM” message.
With sufficient approaching to the source, the instrument‟s frequency meter performs “capture” of the
frequency, and indicates the value of the frequency in the lowest line of the screen, based on the results of
several measurements. The reading like “Freq = XXXX.XX” with the changing values of the frequency will
change to “Capture = XXXX.XX” with the fixed value of the frequency of the received radio signal.
By means of reducing the loudness, changing of the dynamic range boundaries, manual increase of
the threshold for the detector trigging, monitoring the frequency meter readings, the place of the radio-
microphone is localized. Additional capabilities, primarily in terms of radio emissions classifications, are given
by periodical switching on the “AUD” mode, and also listening to the demodulated signal.
In a similar way to the radio-microphones finding, the search of telephone re-transmitters is
performed. In that case, it would be necessary to take off the telephone receiver in the first place. At the first
stage, the telephones themselves shall be examined. Further, the search for the telephone re-transmitters
will be performed by detouring of the premise along the subscriber‟s telephone line. Particular attention
should be given to the junction boxes and those locations where the line is laid in the form of a flush wiring.
The search of radio-stethoscopes has particular peculiarities; defined by the ways of their
implication (placement outside the monitored premise). Therefore, in order to reveal a signal from a radio-
stethoscope, it would be necessary to examine all the actually available external surfaces of the structures
that enclose the premise. Once the heating pipelines, as well as the water supply pipelines could serve as
the medium for spreading the acoustic vibration oscillations, then these networks shall be subject to
examination.
Search of concealed video cameras equipped with a radio
channel, used for transmitting of the image and sound, might
encounter particular difficulties, which originate from the similarity of
the video-transmitter signal and the signal of television broadcasting.
For this reason, in the course of works with revealing of such a signal,
the foremost question to solve is to define the signal as per the criteria
like “external – internal”. In order to perform the recognition, it would
be necessary to close the windows with curtain shutters or with Venetian blind, with the internal lighting left
ON. Perform turning ON and OFF the artificial lighting. With the “AUD” mode ON, distinct changes in the
detected signal‟s tone shall be heard. In order to provide higher reliability of the recognition, switch ON the
“OSC” mode, and make sure via the oscillogram, that the signal‟s structure is being changed when the
lighting is switched ON and OFF.
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If the results of such examination are positive, then the signal can surely be attributed to the category
of internal signals (those generated by the transmitter of the video camera).
The methodology of search and localisation of unauthorized radio-stations switched on for
transmission; radio-telephones with radio-extensions, and radio beacons is completely similar to the
methodology of search and localisation of radio-microphones.
For a more detailed examination of the suspicious signal it would be reasonable to use the scanning
receiver (only available with ST031P).
To use this accessory, it should be connected to the receiver by means of the cable. The connector
designated as “AOR” shall be connected to the scanning receiver.
Select your type of the Scanning Receiver. Setting the Scanning Receiver‟s frequency to coincide
with the received frequency of the instrument is performed by two ways:
- automatically in case of capture of the frequency (message “CAPTURE = XXXX.XX”);
- when depressing the “RUN/STOP button (with consideration of the Scanning Receiver‟s
frequency range).
-
3.3. CONDUCTIVE WIRE LINES SCANNING ANALYSER MODE
The types of conductive lines mainly used for the analysis in this mode of operation are the electric
power mains, as well as subscriber telephone lines and the lines of fire alarm and security alarm systems (in
the frequency range of 0.01 – 15 MHz).
Preparation operations in the examined premise include the checks of conformity of the number and
intended use of the actually existing conductive wire lines with those prepared earlier (and now submitted)
wiring schematics.
Preparation of the ST031 instrument itself includes actually selection of the most appropriate
connecting extensions to be used with the probes, the extensions to fit the peculiarities of the existing
conductive wire lines.
Connect the network adapter to the “PROBES” connector, and its probes to the conductive wires of
the line.
Check the reliability of the contact with the line, by means of two LED‟s available on the adapter
used with the conductive wire lines scanning Analyser. The following situations are possible:
- The two LEDs are lit, it means a AC voltage is present;
- Only one is lit, a DC voltage is present in the line;
- none is lit, with absolutely reliable electric contact, it means either 3 volts is present in the line, or
the line is de-energized.
The LED‟s brightness is dependent upon the voltage in the line.
Just on switching the instrument ON in this mode, automatic adjustment of the “zero” threshold for
signal level indication takes place. This is confirmed by a short-term appearance of the message “LEVEL
THRESHOLD = XX %”, where XX is the noise signal level in this particular line. Subsequently, for instance,
in case of necessity to study the noise signal, or right the contrary, the signals having a very high level, this
threshold can be set manually.
On completion of scanning within the range of up to 10.450 MHz (initial setting), change the upper
boundary of the range to 15 MHz. Upon examination of the displayed panorama, identify the presence of
frequency components that exceed the general background level.
If necessary, divide the range into separate intervals and perform detailed scanning of each of them.
Set the threshold for automatic halt of the scanning mode. It would make for the automatic halt of the
scanning mode by the preset threshold.
After the halt occurs at a certain frequency value for the signal, it would be possible to perform a
precise tuning by means of the “◄” and “►” buttons, with audio analysis of the signal, by means of turning
the “AM” and “FM” detectors ON, in sequence.
For analysis of weak signals, a more convenient amplitude range could be selected (0.1 ÷ 1 mV).
If necessary, it is possible to extend the capabilities of conductive lines‟ signal analysis by means of
switching the instrument to “OSC” and “SA” mode.
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For more detailed signal analysis it would be expedient to use the scanning receiver (for ST031P
only).
To do this, connect it to the instrument by means of cable. The connector designated as “AOR” shall
be connected to the scanning receiver.
Selection of type of the scanning receiver (SR) is made in the radio frequency detector-frequency
meter mode (see Section 1.9.1).
Setting the SR frequency to the frequency of the received signal in the instrument is performed by
depressing the “RUN/STOP” button (with consideration of the frequency range of the SR).
NOTE: It would be expedient to start verification of the presence of special technical means in the network
with examining the wall outlets. The internal cavities of wall outlets are the most probable locations for the
concealed devices to be placed in. In order to minimize the background, disconnect (with visual evidence of
disconnection from the wall outlets) all electric appliances and electronic equipments located in the
examined premise.
It would be necessary to connect the instrument to all the wall outlets in the premise, as far as the power
supply to the premise (and respectively, the transmission of information from the spaces) can be performed
by the different electrical phases.
If a signal has been detected, in which signal the signs of modulation by the acoustics of the premise
are present, then for localisation of its source, the method of “acoustic feedback” can be used (see section
3.2.).
After checking the power mains and the lines used for the lighting fixtures electric power supply, the
tee-joints, extension cords and other electric conducting items by means of their sequential connecting to the
electric mains. In this case, it would be expedient to use the spectra subtraction mode. This would allow to
see at once the previously absent signals.
The examination of the conductive wire lines pertaining to fire and security alarms as well as the
lines whose intention is unclear, is performed in a similar was as it is made for electric networks.
When performing the examination of subscriber telephone lines, it would be necessary to also solve
the problem of revealing the fact of use of this line for transmission of acoustic information from this premise
by means of line high frequency intrusion. The sign indicating on the fact of line high frequency intrusion is
the presence of a stable non-modulated probing signal at the frequencies of not lower than 150 kHz.
If this premise has been included into the schedule of regular periodical checks, it would be
expedient to store the panorama (oscillogram, spectrogram) of the required frequency intervals in the
nonvolatile memory.
3.4. INFRARED RADIATION DETECTOR MODE
To perform examination works in this mode, a time shall be chosen, when there are no direct
sunlight emerging from the windows of this premise.
Connect the infrared sensor to the connecting cable, and the cable to the “PROBES” connector.
Setting the detector‟s “zero” level threshold is performed automatically upon switching on the
instrument power. If necessary, set the required detector threshold.
Visually, by the number of fully colored elements of the 21-segment‟s scale, and “by listening”,
according to the frequency of clicks heard from the built-in loudspeaker or the headphones, make an
assessment of the level of the received infrared radiation.
Turn the instrument to the audio monitoring mode “AUD”. Monitor for the presence of potentially
perilous modulated infrared emissions.
If necessary, expand the capabilities of the analysis by switching the instrument to “OSC” and “SA”
modes.
NOTE: There are two principal ways of leakage of the information using infrared radiation:
- One is created by means of transmission of the intercepted information in the infrared range. When
transmitting the information in the infrared range it would be necessary to provide “line of sight” between the
transmitter of the concealed device and the receiver of infrared radiation. For this reason, in the premise, the
most probable way of transmitter‟s radiation to be directed towards outside area would be passing through
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the window openings. Taking these particulars into consideration, the search of perilous signals should be
started from the windows of the premise, moving towards the farther side of the premise. Once the
o
transmitter may have a fairly narrow directivity pattern, whereas the sensor‟s visual angle amounts to 30 , it
would be necessary to continuously change the spatial orientation of the sensor;
- The other way is based on irradiation of the glazing of the window openings by a directed beam
from the source of infrared radiation and reception of the reflected signal modulated by the acoustics of the
premise. In this case the sensor is orientated towards the window. Continuously changing the spatial location
of the sensor, examine the entire area of the window opening. Once the probing signal does not have
modulation, its presence can only be assessed by the readings of the level indicator and by audio monitoring
in the “TONE” mode.
3.5. LOW FREQUENCY MAGNETIC FIELDS DETECTOR MODE
Connect the magnetic sensor to the connecting cable, and the cable itself to the “PROBES”
connector.
Make a visual assessment of the magnetic field level by the amplitude and the character of the signal
on the oscillogram, and by “listening”, according to the tone height in the built-in loudspeaker or the
headphones. If necessary (for instance, in case of high background level of the electric mains), use
differential connection of the magnetic antenna.
NOTE: Application of this mode is mainly concerned with the search of parasitic electromagnetic radiation
originated from operation of the office equipments and various domestic electronics and electrical appliances
(personal computers, transceivers, audio amplifier systems, tape recorders, telephone handsets etc.).
Potential sources of perilous low frequency magnetic fields shall be examined separately, by
switching them on to operate in sequence.
With regard to the telephone handsets, the range of legible reception of the spoken signal shall be
assessed.
Detection of the operating dictaphones would be possible under the condition that the distance
between the dictaphone and the magnetic antenna does not exceed 5 cm.
3.6. ACOUSTIC CONVERTER MODE
Connect the acoustic sensor to the “PROBES” connector.

Assessment of the sound insulation of the premise is expedient to perform in two stages.
At the first stage, using a test source of signal which has the sound level corresponding to a loud
speech (74 dB), set the correspondence between this level and the ST031 instrument‟s displayed
information in the modes of oscilloscope and spectrum Analyser. To do this, allocate the acoustic irradiator
of the sound source, and the ST031 instrument‟s microphone at some fixed distance. Normally, one meter
distance is chosen.
At the second stage, the sound insulation properties are assessed for the surfaces enclosing the
premise (walls, doors, windows, and if possible, the floor and the ceiling), the active protection system
efficiency (if available), as well as the possibility of leakage of spoken acoustic information via the elements
of ventilation system, recesses of various types, through penetrations etc.
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For assessment of sound insulation properties of the walls, the doors, (the floor and the ceiling), the
reference sound source might be located either in an ordinary place of running the confidential negotiations,
or at a distance from the examined surface.
By location of the microphone in various
places in adjacent (located higher and lower)
spaces, qualitatively “by hearing” and quantitatively
by spectrogram, assess the possibility of
interception of the speech information from this
particular premise, and also the decrease of the
audio signal level according to the properties of the
enclosing surfaces and availability of the least
attenuated components of the spectrum. The latter
allows to adopt a substantiated conclusion about the
necessity of additional protection, including active protection, as well as selection of the characteristics of this
protection means.
Once the air ducts of ventilation systems are traditionally considered as the most perilous channels
of speech acoustic information leakage, these air ducts are subject to compulsory examination. For this
purpose, the microphone of the ST031 instrument shall be inserted into the entrance opening of the air ducts
in each of the adjacent spaces, qualitatively “by hearing” assess the passing and legibility of the signal from
the test source, and the signal‟s attenuation shall be assessed using the displayed information of the ST031
instrument in the oscilloscopic and spectrum Analyser mode.
The results of this examination would serve as an unbiased basis for conclusions about necessity of
additional protection, for selection of arrangements and means of provision of such protection.
3.7. ACOUSTIC VIBRATION

CONVERTER MODE
Use of this mode allows to assess the

acoustic vibration properties of the enclosing
surfaces (walls) and the acoustic vibration
protection efficiency (if available).
Prior to beginning of the works it would be
necessary to provide minimum possible level of
acoustic background in the premise under examination, as well as in the adjoining spaces.
Connect the acoustic vibration sensor to the “PROBES”connector.
For examination of acoustic vibration properties of the enclosing surfaces it would be necessary to
attach the acoustic vibration sensor at various locations on the examined surfaces (the walls, the doors, the
windows, and the floor an ceiling if possible) from the external side with respect to the premise under
examination.
Switch ON the source of test audio signal. It can be located either in an ordinary location of the
confidential negotiations, or at a certain distance from the examined surface (normally 1 m).
The level of sound is normally set to correspond to a loud speech. First, on a qualitative level (by
means of direct listening) the acoustic vibration properties are assessed for the examined surfaces, and
further, by switching to “SA” mode, the amplitudes of frequency components of the test signal are then
assessed quantitatively.
For assessment of acoustic vibration protection at every surface, both qualitatively, “by hearing”, and
quantitatively according to spectrogram, the relation between the levels of test signal and the obscuring
signal is determined, and the non-obscured components of the spectrum are revealed. This serves an
unbiased basis for correction of amplitude-frequency characteristics of the sources of obscuring signal.
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3.8. LOW FREQUENCY DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER MODE
The main kinds of conductivity wire lines for this mode are the lines employed in fire alarm systems,
security alarm systems, and the subscriber telephone lines (in the frequency range of 300 to 6000 Hz).
Preparation of the examined premise include the checks of conformity of the number and intended use of the
actually existing conductive wire lines, with those earlier prepared (and now submitted) wiring schematics.
Preparation of the ST031 instrument itself includes selection of the most appropriate connecting
extensions to be used with the probes, the extensions to fit the types and peculiarities of the existing
conductive wire lines.
Connect the conductive wire lines‟ differential adapter to the “PROBES” connector.
Connect the CLDA and its probes to the conductive wires of the examined line.
Check for the presence of “perilous” signals by means of audio monitoring and study of the
oscillogram displayed on the screen.
3.9. USE OF NONVOLATILE MEMORY
Storage of the current diagram (oscilograms, spectrograms, panorama displays) is

performed with the help of the following operations:
- depress the “SAVE” button. Request for confirmation will appear on the screen – “ENTER TO
SAVE”;
- depress the “ENTER” button. Make sure that the diagram has been saved. This is confirmed by
displaying the following messages in sequence, as follows: “WAIT…” and “Done SAVE No. X”.
In this message, “X” means the numerical ordinal number of the saved diagram.
NOTE:
- depressing of any other button except “ENTER” cancels the saving operation for this diagram;
- instead of the message “WAIT…” you may see the message “DELETE old data” which means
automatic deleting the earliest diagram saved, from the memory, as a consequence of the
memory overflow.
Output of one of the stored diagrams onto the display is performed with the help of “LOAD” button.
Consequently, the message “LOAD X of Y” appears, where “X” means the serial number of the diagram, and
“Y” means the total number of the stored diagrams of that type. By means of “LOAD” button depressed for
several times, you can review all the saved diagrams.
By depressing the “RUN / STOP” button, dynamic output of the diagram onto the screen will be
resumed (the “AUTO” message appears in the upper right corner).
To delete any diagram from the memory the following is required to be done:
- recall the diagram to be displayed by depressing the “LOAD” button;
- depress the “SAVE” button. The request for confirmation would appear, in the form of “ENTER to
DELETE”;
- confirm the operation of deleting by depressing the “ENTER” button. Depressing of any other
button cancels the operation.
-
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4. WORKING WITH IBM PC-COMPATIBLE COMPUTER (FOR ST031P

ONLY)
For working with an IBM PC, specially developed software is used, which software enables the
following:
- continuous PC video terminal backing of the visual information displayed on the ST031P
instrument‟s screen;
- creation of the database of graphical and audio information acquired while operating the ST031P
- examination of the created database regardless of the availability of the ST031P.
-
4.1. MINIMUM SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS TOWARDS THE IBM PC
1.1. The software only operable under the following operating systems: Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000.
1.2. The required disk space is 1.5 MB approximately.
1.3. For storage of audio information in the computer, provision of the support for record and playback of
audio information is necessary.
1.4.
4.2. INSTALLATION OF THE SOFTWARE
Run the Setup_ST031P.exe file from the floppy available among the delivered items, and perform
standard setup. Upon completion, make sure that in the “Start” menu, a line with the title “ST031P” has
appeared.
4.3. CONNECTING THE ST031 TO THE COMPUTER
Use the supplied serial port RS-232 cable for connecting ST031 to the computer (the connector
having inscription “IBM PC” is connected to the computer); the supported data exchange rate is 56 kbps. For
transmitting audio signals to the computer, an audio cable is used, which is to be connected between the
ST031 instrument‟s audio output (LINE) and the microphone input of the sound card (in the Windows Mixer,
recording from the microphone input shall be set to „enabled‟).
Upon running the software, selection of COM port is done automatically by scanning of the available
ports, which is shown in the program status line in the bottom of the main window. Manual selection is also
possible. To do that, click with the mouse on the COM box located in the bottom of the screen and select the
required COM port number from the list.
In case of unavailability of connection with the computer, the message “Computer not receiving data
for XX.XX seconds already” appears in the window intended for continuous backup of information displayed
on the ST031instrument‟s screen. If an adequate connection to the computer is available, the message
“Connection to instrument is stable” appears in the same window.
WARNING! An adequate connection will be available in all modes except the “Conductive lines‟
Analyser” mode. For communicating to an IBM PC in this mode, establish connection in any other mode, and
then switch to the “Conductive lines‟ Analyser” mode.
When running the software for the first time, the “Data” folder is created on the hard disk, in that
same location where the software is located. The database will be stored here. If desired, the database can
be located in other place by means of “Select main folder” operation by the button available on the toolbox
control panel (the toolbox control panel description – see hereunder). This will be the root folder of the
database.
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4.4. DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOLBOX CONTROL PANEL
Selection of the Main Folder. When activated, the window is displayed (Fig. 1.), which allows the user to
select location on the disk for the database to be created.
Global parameters. The dialogue box (Fig. 2.)
will be opened, to offer the following options:
“Parameters for audio recording”, where
the user is allowed to set:
- “Maximum length of the recorded
audio file”;
- “Sampling rate”;
- “Sampling bit capacity”.
The automatically calculated data will be shown
underneath:
Fig. 1 - “… - hour audio recording to disk is
currently available”; Fig. 2
- “(… MB free space available on disk)”
“Common flags” are located under:
- “Automatic redrawing of file tree when changed”;
- “Automatic audio playback when a file is selected”;
- “Do not show prompts”.
“Save as ……” – service function which allows to save the database file as a standard BMP and (or) WAV-
file, for provision of availability to process the file using other graphical and audio programs.
“Close the program” – one of the possible ways to close the program.
“Redraw database file tree” – manual redrawing as required, or when automatic is canceled.
“Guidebook”
“Copy top window drawing to clipboard” – is a duplication of the operation of depressing the right
button in the top window.
“Copy bottom window drawing to clipboard” – is a duplication of the operation of depressing the right
button in the bottom window.
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4.5. DESCRIPTION OF THE USER INTERFACE
The user interface of the software is divided into three windows:

- window for ST031P operation in the real time mode;
- window for reviewing the previously saved files;
- “explore” – window with the files included in database.
Window for ST031P’s operation in the real time mode (Fig. 3) enables the following:
- automatic reading the information from the ST031 and
saving series of files in the database during a lengthy period of
time. The interval and duration of reading as well as the number
of files are set by the user;
- readout of the content of the nonvolatile memory of the
ST031P into the database “in one touch”;
- saving graphical and audio information in the form of a
specialized file of the database to include supplementary
information: the ST031 instrument‟s current mode of operation,
current time, date, etc.;
- copying a drawing into the clipboard, for instance, for
Fig. 3. transfer into MS Word in order to perform a printer output for
hard copying;
- continuous change of the scale of the graphical picture;
- perform audio recording in the computer, from the audio output of the ST031.
In the window for ST031P instrument‟s operation in the real time mode, the following control buttons
are available:
“Save picture” – saves onto disk the file containing graphical image currently displayed in the
window. The file will be saved in the folder, which is currently highlighted (selected) in the file tree, in the left
window. The filename is automatically generated, depending on the mode of operation of the ST031. The file
would have a specific structure and extension *.031.
“Save picture and sound” – saves onto disk the graphical image and the sound in a single file.
This button becomes active when an audio fragment has been recorded in the computer‟s memory. The files
are recorded onto the disk, in the folder which has been highlighted (selected) in the file tree available in the
left window. The filename is automatically generated, depending on the mode of operation of the ST031. The
file would have a specific structure and extension *.031. The file includes the image and the sound in
combination. That same image will be recorded, which was displayed on screen at the moment when the
button was depressed. The sound should have to be recorded earlier with the help of the sound recording
controls (see hereunder).
“Packet recording of files” – series of files are recorded with the preset parameters. The recording
is performed, using an automatically created folder in the database. This folder is created inside that one
which was highlighted (selected) in the file tree available in the left window.
“Packet recording parameters” – a dialog box is open for
setting the packet recording parameters.
Dialog options are the following:
“Number of frames recorded” – number of files containing the
graphical (and sound) information which will be saved to disk.
“Interval between frames recording” – time span between
recording of the files.
“Record sound within” – setting the time within which the sound is to be recorded. Note, that in such
case, the recording time cannot be set to be longer than the time span between recording of frames.
“Save data from instrument memory” – the content of the nonvolatile memory of the ST031P
instrument will be saved in the database, in the automatically created new folder. Every image will be saved
in its file, the filename being automatically generated.
Sound recording block (see Fig. 3) includes the following:
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4 control buttons: record, erase, playback, pause/stop. Movable indicator is available for
recording/playback level indication, as well as the indicators of the current and maximum time of
recording/playback in seconds.
Image field (see Fig. 3) is intended to:
display in cycle the image received from ST031P. The image scale can be continuously changed by
dragging with the mouse, and it can also be placed onto the clipboard (with the help of the right button of the
mouse, for instance), for transferring it to the MS Word for the purpose of hard-copying with the help of the
printer.
The previously saved files display window allows the following:
- saving graphical and or sound

component of a specialized file of the database
in the form of a standard BMP or WAV-file
respectively;
- to browse automatically and (or) to
listen to the series of files from the database in a
preset pace, i.e. to organize a so-called slide-
show, which parameters are also set by the user;
- initiate listening to the sound track of a
file taken from the database; Fig. 4
-
- copying an image to the clipboard, for instance, for transferring it to the MS Word for the purpose of
hard-copying with the help of the printer.
- changing continuously the graphical image scale.
In the previously saved files display window, the following control buttons are available.
“Packet playback” – a sequential playback of the series of files takes place, with the preset
parameters. The files will be taken from the folder which is highlighted in the file-tree at the left.
“Parameters of packet playback” – a dialog box is opened

for setting the packet playback parameters.
The dialog options are the following:
- “Interval between frames ” – can be defined “as for
packet recording or 1 second” (1 second being for the case
where the group of files is to be played back, which files were
not formed by packet recording) or a certain time interval has been “set as”;
- “Sound playback” – the flag is set for necessity of sound playback “as is”, or within a certain time;
- “Cycling” – the flag is set for necessity of cycling, i.e. after the playback of the last file available in a
folder, the first file playback starts again.
Sound playback block (see Fig. 4) includes the following:
2 control buttons: playback, pause/stop. Movable indicator is available for playback level indication,
as well as the indicators of the current and maximum time of playback in seconds.
Image field (see Fig. 4) is intended:
for displaying an image from a file available in the database, which file is pointed by the mouse. In
case where a sound fragment is included in the file, the sound playback button becomes active. The scale of
an image can be continuously changed by dragging with the mouse and it can also be placed onto the
clipboard (with the help of the right button of the mouse, for instance), for transferring it to the MS Word for
the purpose of hard-copying with the help of the printer.
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The “explore” window in the database files – file tree

The “explore” window in the database files is organized in the form of
hierarchical tree-like structure, which allows the following:
- selection of a file for the purpose of visual study (or for listening) in the
window for browsing of the database. For quick browsing, it is only required to move
the mouse pointer to the filename;
- perform standard file operations in the database zone: copying, shifting,
renaming, deleting the files and folders, creating new folders.
The files have a sign if they only contain the image, and additional sign
, if they contain a sound fragment in addition to the image. The file tree allows
to perform the following operations with the files, by depressing the right button of
the mouse when the pointer is moved to the filename: “Rename”, “Delete”, “Create new folder”. The function
is also available, for moving and copying of files from one folder to another by dragging with the left button of
the mouse. For copying, the “Ctrl” key must be depressed. Deleting of file is performed by depressing
“Delete” key on the selected file.
The corresponding relative dimensions of these three windows can be changed. The changes are saved in
the configuration file “st031.dat”. All the other parameters are also saved in this file. If this file is deleted,
default values of all parameters are restored in this file, when the program is started for the next time. The
file “st031.dat” is located in the same folder with the file “st031.exe”.
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5. PRINCIPAL TECHNICAL DATA AND CHARACTERISTICS

The principal technical characteristics are given in table 1.
Table 1.
S/N Designation of technical data and characteristics Data and characteristics Notes
as per the Technical
Specifications
1 2 3 4
1. Complete set of ST 031
1.1. Overall dimensions, mm 350 x 310 x 160
1.2. Weight, kg not exceeding 5
2. The principal control, processing and indication unit
2.1. Overall dimensions, mm 180 x 97 x 47
2.2. Weight, kg 0.8
2.3. Power supply (DC), V 6 4 batteries,
AA type
2.4. Maximum consumed current, mA 300
2.5. Consumed current in operating mode, mA 150
Components of the principal control, processing and indication unit
3. Radio frequency detector-frequency meter
3.1. Operating frequency range, MHz 30 ÷ 2500
3.2. Sensitivity at input, mV:
30 MHz – 1000 MHz <1
1000 MHz – 1800 MHz ≤4
1800 MHz – 2000 MHz ≤8
3.3. Dynamic range, dB 60
3.4. Frequency meter sensitivity, mV < 15
3.5. Frequency measurements accuracy, MHz ± 0.01
3.6. Overall dimensions of HF antenna, mm L = 160, D = 24
4. Conductive wire lines’ scanning Analyser
4.1. Scanning range, MHz 0.01 ÷ 15
4.2. Sensitivity for signal/noise ratio 10 dB, mV < 0.5
4.3. Scanning increment, kHz 5 (1)
4.4. Scanning speed, kHz/s 50 ÷ 1500
4.5. Band width, kHz 10
4.6. Selectivity as per neighboring channel, dB 30
4.7. Detection modes AM, FM
4.8. Allowable mains voltage, V 600
4.9. Overall dimensions of the adapter, mm 55 x 25 x 20
5. Infrared radiation detector
5.1. Spectral range, nm 770 ÷ 1000
1/2 - 13
5.2. Threshold sensitivity, W / Hz 10
5.3. Angle of sight, grad. 30
5.4. Band width of detection, MHz 3
5.5. Overall dimensions of the infrared sensor, mm L = 40, D = 25
6. Low frequency magnetic fields detector
6.1. Frequency range, kHz 0.3 ÷ 10
2 -5
6.2. Threshold sensitivity, A/(m х Hz ) 10
6.3. Overall dimensions of the magnetic antenna, mm L = 230, D = 24
7. Acoustic vibration converter
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2
7.2. Sensitivity, V х s /m 1
7.3. Intrinsic noise within the band of 0.3 † 3 kHz, μV 50
7.4. Overall dimensions of the sensor, mm L = 20, D = 25
8. Acoustic converter
8.2. Sensitivity, mV/Pa >5
8.3. Overall dimensions of the remote microphone, mm 20 x 10 x 5
9. Low frequency differential amplifier

Normalized noise voltage at the input, μV <2
Dynamic range, dB 70
Input impedance, kOhms 200
Common-mode interference damping factor, dB 75
Frequency range, kHz 0.2 ÷ 10
Maximum allowable input voltage, V 70
10. Oscilloscope and spectrum Analyser
10.1. Band width, kHz 22
10.2. Sensitivity at the input, mV ≤ 10
10.3. Metering error, % (of the upper limit) 1
10.4. Oscillogram output speed, s 0.2
10.5. Spectrogram output speed, s 0.3
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6. CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE
Multifunctional reconnaissance instrument ST031_

serial number __________________
complies with technical specifications TU SKFT-031R - 21102364 - 00
and acknowledged acceptable for application.
Manufacturing date _____________ Seal
Chief Engineer of the manufacturer enterprise __________________
7. WARRANTY POLICY
7.1. The manufacturer guarantees compliance of every manufactured instrument with all requirements of
technical specifications within 12 months from the manufacturing date.
7.2. The manufacturer undertakes to carry out repair works free of charge, of the instrument, its auxiliary
components and accessories, including replacement of the instrument as a whole, should it prove defective
within this period if time, or its performance characteristics prove to be lower than the norms stipulated in the
technical specifications.
7.3. The non-repayable repair (adjustments) or replacement can only be effected under the conditions where
the user follows the requirements concerning operation, transportation and storage of the instrument, in case
of absence of mechanical damage of the instrument itself and its accessories, and in case of availability of
correctly filled warranty coupon.
7.4. The warranty policy shall only be valid for each product in case of submission of the warranty coupon by
the user, which coupon contains the note made by the manufacturer and its authorized dealer about the date
the instrument was purchased, approved by an official round seal of established pattern.
7.5. The manufacturer provides post-warranty servicing of the ST031 instrument.
7.6. The “SmerSH Technics” company grants the right to its authorized dealers to establish additional
warranty terms.
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COUPON No. 1
For warranty repair (technical maintenance) of multifunctional reconnaissance instrument ST031

Serial No. ____________________
Manufacturing date _____________

Seal
of the manufacturing enterprise
Sold by ______________________
(name of the commercial enterprise)
Date sold “______” _______________ 200___
Retailer ____________________
(personal signature)
Seal
of the commercial enterprise
Stub of coupon No. 1

for warranty repair (technical maintenance) of multifunctional
reconnaissance instrument ST031
Serial No. ____________________
Withdrawn ___________________
The works performed by _______________________
(Surname, personal signature)
36, Bolshoy Smolensky pr., St. Petersburg, 196148, Russia SMERSH

phone/fax: [812] 560-4512, e-mail: smersh@peterlink.ru, www.spymarket.com TECHNICS
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COUPON No. 2
For warranty repair (technical maintenance) of multifunctional reconnaissance instrument ST031

Serial No. ____________________
Manufacturing date _____________

Seal
of the manufacturing enterprise
Sold by ______________________
(name of the commercial enterprise)
Date sold “______” _______________ 200___
Retailer ____________________
(personal signature)
Seal
of the commercial enterprise
Stub of coupon No. 2

for warranty repair (technical maintenance) of multifunctional
reconnaissance instrument ST031
Serial No. ____________________
Withdrawn ___________________
The works performed by _______________________
(Surname, personal signature)
36, Bolshoy Smolensky pr., St. Petersburg, 196148, Russia SMERSH

phone/fax: [812] 560-4512, e-mail: smersh@peterlink.ru, www.spymarket.com TECHNICS
40

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TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION AND

1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INSTRUMENT

4. Conducting Line Differential Adapter **.

* For the ST031P model only.

1.3. DESCRIPTION OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS

On the back surface of the principal control unit, the following

1.3.7. ACOUSTIC SENSOR

1.3.8. ACOUSTIC VIBRATION SENSOR

This sensor consists of a sensitive accelerometer and a built-in

1.4. DESCRIPTION OF THE “TEST” CONTROL DEVICE

The testing device (TD) is intended for monitoring of operating

The instrument is made as a

1.6. CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

Control of the instrument is provided with the help of 16-button pad.

1.6.1. DISPLAY SCREEN BACKLIGHTING CONTROL PROCEDURE

1.7. POWER SUPPLY FOR THE INSTRUMENT

1.8. SOME LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1.9. MODES OF THE INSTRUMENT’S OPERATION

1.9.1. RADIO FREQUENCY DETECTOR-FREQUENCY METER MODE

In this mode, the instrument ensures reception of radio

Instrument control in radio frequency detector-frequency meter mode.

Setting “zero” threshold

Setting dynamic range for the indicator

Halting the dynamic measurements mode

Setting the audio monitoring mode

Setting the type of scanning receiver (for ST031P only)

1.9.2. CONDUCTIVE WIRE LINES SCANNING ANALYSER MODE

In this mode, the instrument provides reception and

Instrument control in conductive wire lines’ scanning Analyser mode

Setting the type of demodulation

Manual setting of fine tuning mode

the headphones, and also by changing the symbol

in the upper line of the screen to the new symbol .

Scanning direction and speed control

Setting the spectra subtraction mode

Selecting amplitude range

The range 0.1 ÷ 10 mV has been preset as default.

Setting the input signal attenuation

Setting “zero” signal level threshold

Setting the scanning halt threshold.

1.9.3. INFRARED RADIATION DETECTOR MODE

In this mode, the instrument provides reception of radiation

Instrument control in the infrared radiation detector mode

Setting “zero” threshold

Setting the audio monitoring mode

1.9.4. LOW FREQUENCY MAGNETIC FIELDS DETECTOR MODE

Instrument control in the low frequency magnetic fields detector mode

All other settings correspond to the oscilloscope mode.

1.9.7. LOW FREQUENCY DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER MODE

Instrument control in the conductive lines’ acoustic receiver mode

The instrument provides the same general measurement

Instrument control in oscilloscope mode

Selecting the horizontal sweep boundaries

Selecting the vertical sweep boundaries

Selecting the signal digitizing method

Selecting the synchronization options

Performing cursor measurements

Switching to the two-channel mode

2.2. SPECTRUM ANALYSER

This mode provides the same general functions of

Instrument control in the spectrum Analyser mode

Date sold “” _______ 200_

Date sold “” _______ 200_