Name: Kathleen Annee Villanueva Year & Section: MLS- 2F Date: Sept. 26 2!

"6
Summar# o$ %ial'( Li$e in Dapitan
)e*innin* o$ e+ile in Dapitan
 ,here are
are $our
$our rea(on(
rea(on( accorin*
accorin* to aie
aie /h# %ial
%ial e+ile
e+ile in Dapitan.
Dapitan. Fir(t
Fir(t %ial ha
ha pu0li(he
pu0li(he 0oo1( an
an
article( a0roa /hich (ho/e i(lo#alt# toSpain aan /hich /ere $ran1l# anti-3atholic an impruentl# anti-$riar4.
Secon a $e/ hour( a$ter hi( arrival in manla there /a( $oun in one o$ the pac1a*e( a 0unle o$ han0ill an
hum0le *enero(it# o$ Filipino i( (atirie an /hich accu(ation i( pu0li(he a*ain(t the cu(tom( o$ reli*iou(
orer(.4 ,hir hi( novel 5l Fili0(teri(mo /a( eicate to the memor# o$ three prie(t4 )ur*o( 7ome an
amora an on the title pa*e he /rote that in vie/ o$ the vice( an error( o$ the Spani(h amini(tration the onl#
(alvation $or the 8hilippine /a( (eparation $rom the mother countr#4. An $ourth the en he pur(ue( in hi( e9ort(
an /ritin* i( to tear $rom the lo#al Filipino 0rea(t( the trea(ure o$ our catholic Faith.
A (teamer calle 3e0u carrie %ial to Dapitan an it al(o carrie a letter $rom Father 8a0lo 8a(tell( to
Father Antonio 0ach. n the letter (tate( that %ial coul live at pari(h convent on the $ollo/in*: Fir(t that %ial
pu0licit# retract( hi( error( concernin* reli*ion an ma1e( (tatement( that /a( clearl# pro-Spani(h an a*ain(t
revolution. Secon that he per$orm( the church rite( an ma1e( a *eneral con$e((ion o$ hi( pa(t li$e4. ,hir that
hence$orth he conuct( him(el$ in an e+emplar# manner a( a Spani(h (u0;ect an a man o$ reli*ion. %ial i not
a*ree upon the(e conition( an rather choo(e to live in the hou(e o$ 3aptain 3arnicero /herein the# have /arm
an $rienl# relation(hip(.

<in( in Manila Lotter#

n Septem0er 2"=>2 the (leep# to/n o$ Dapitan0ur(t in hectic e+citement. 3aptain 3arnicero Dr. ?o(e
%ial an Franci(co 5@uillior /on in a lotter#. %ial then *ot hi( (hare o$ 62!! an he *ave 2!!! pe(o( to hi( $ather
an 2!! pe(o to hi( $rien in on* Kon*. e inve(te the re(t o$ the mone# in a*riculture. ,hi( /innin* o$ 3atholic
%ial reveal( that he ha( an aiction in pla#in* lotter# 0ut never (mo1e( nor rin1( li@uor.

%ial- 8a(tell( De0ate on reli*ion

e ha a lon* an (cholarl# e0ate /ith Father 8a(tell( on reli*ion. Bt (tarte /hen Father 8a(tell( (ent him
a 0oo1 0# Sara /ith avice that the latter %ialC (houl e(i(t $rom hi( ma;are( $ooli(hne((C in vie/in* reli*ion
$rom the pri(m o$ iniviual ;u*ement an (el$-e(teem. ,hi( intere(tin* reli*iou( e0ate ma# 0e rea in hi( 
letter(. Bn all hi( letter( to Father 8a(tell( %ial reveale hi( anti-3atholic iea( /hich he ha ac@uire in 5urope an
em0itterment at hi( per(ecution 0# the 0a $riar(. Bt i( uner(tana0le /h# he /a( 0itter a*ain(t the $riar( /ho
committe certain a0u(e uner the cloa1 o$ reli*ion. A( he /rote to )lumentritt $rom 8ari( on ?anuar# 2! "=>!: B
/ant to hit the $riar( 0ut onl# $riar( /ho utilie reli*ion not onl# a( a (hiel 0ut al(o a( a /eapon ca(tle $ortre((
armor etc.E' B /a( $orce to attac1 their $al(e an (uper(titiou( reli*ion in orer to *ht the enem# /ho hi him(el$
0ehin it.
%ial 3hallen*e a Frenchman a Duel.
<hile %ial /a( (till e0atin* /ith $ather 8a(tell( 0# mean( o$ e+achan*e o$ 1etter( he 0ecame involve in
a @uarrel /ith a French ac@uaintance in Dapitan Mr. ;uan Laret a 0u(ine(( man. ,hi( man purcha(e man# lo*(
$rom the lan( o$ %ialE it al(o happene that (ame o$ the lo*( /ere o$ poor @ualit#.
%ial an Father Sanche
Father 8a(tell( a(ie $rom hi( per(onal e9ort( to per(uae %ial to i(car hi( error( o$ %eli*ion4
in(tructe t/o ?e(uit( in Minanao-Father 0ach cura o$ Dapitan an Father ?o(e Vilaclara cura o$ Dipolo*- to tr#
their 0e(t to 0rin* 0ac1 %ial /ithin the 3atholic $ol. $urthermore he a((i*ne $ather Franci(co e 8aula (nche
%ial'( $avourite teacher at the Ateneo e Manila to Dapitan.

B#llic Li$e in Dapitan

Bn Dapitan %ial ha an e+emplar# li$e i#llic in (erenit#. Since Au*u(t "=>G mem0er( o$ hi( $amil# too1
turn( in vi(itin* him in orer to a((ua*e hi( loneline(( in the i(olate outpo(t o$ Spani(h po/er in the Morolan.
Amon* them /ere hi( motherE (i(ter( ,rinia Mauricia an 8ruencio. e 0uilt hi( hou(e 0# the (ea(hore o$
 ,ali(a#
 ,ali(a# (urroune
(urroune  0# $ruit tree(.
tree(. e ha
ha al(o another
another hou(e $or hi( (chool
(chool 0o#( an
an a ho(pital
ho(pital $or hi(
hi( patient(.

%ial'( 5ncounter /ith the Friar'( Sp#

Durin* the earl# a#( o$ Novem0er "=>G rial /a( livin* peace$ull# an happil# at hi( hou(e in ,ali(a# a
1ilometre a/a# $rom Dapitan. hi( mother (i(ter( Narci(a an ,rinia an (ome nephe/( /ere then livin* /ith
him. i( 0li(($ul li$e /a( /hen (uenl# ;olte 0# a (tran*e incient involvin* a (p# o$ the $riar(. ,hi( (p# /ith the
a((ume name o$ 8a0lo Mercao4 an po(in* a( a relative (ecretl# vi(ite %ial at hi( hou(e on the ni*ht o$
Novem0er G "=>G. he introuce him(el$ a( a $rien an relative (ho/in* a photo o$ %ial an a pair o$ 0utton(
/ith the initial( 8M4 8a0lo MercaoC a( evience o$ hi( 1in(hip /ith the %ial $amil#.

A 8h#(ician in Dapitan
%ial practi(e meicine in Dapitan. e ha man# patient( 0ut mo(t o$ them /ere poor (o he even *ave
them $ree me meicine. ,o hi( $rien in on* Kon* Dr. Mar@ue he /rote: ere the people are poor that B have
even to *ive meicine *rati(.4 e ha ho/ever (ome rich patient( /ho pai him han(omel# $or hi( (ur*ical (1ill.

<ater S#(tem in Dapitan

%ial hel the title o$ e+pert (urve#or perito a*rimen(or /hich he o0taine $rom the Ateneo. e
(upplemente hi( trainin* a( a (urve#or 0# hi( reain* o$ en*ineerin* 0oo1( (o that he came to 1no/ a0out
en*ineerin*. Bn Dapitan he applie hi( 1no/le*e o$ en*ineerin* 0# con(tructin* a (#(tem o$ /ater/or1( in orer
to $urni(h clean /ater (#(tem in Dapitan.

3ommunit# 8ro;ect( $or Dapitan

<hen %ial arrive in Dapitan he ecie to improve it to hi( 0e(t o$ hi( 7o-*iven talent( an to a/a1en
the civic con(ciou(ne(( o$ it( people. e /rote to Fr. 8a(tell(: B /ant to o all that B can $or thi( to/n.
%ial a( ,eacher
Since 0o#hoo %ial 1ne/ the value o$ *oo eucation. Durin* hi( travel( a0roa he o0(erve the
eucational (#(tem o$ moern nation(. e him(el$ planne to e(ta0li(he a moern colle*e in on* Kon* $or Filipino
0o#( (o that he coul train them in moern pea*o*ical concept( /hich /ere then un1no/n in the 8hilippine(.

#mn to ,ali(a#
%ial conucte hi( (chool at hi( home in ,ali(a# near Dapitan /here he ha hi( $arm an ho(pital.i(
$avourite renevou( /ith hi( 0o#( /a( uner a tali(a# tree a$ter /hich the place /a( name Bn honor o$ ,ali(a#
he /rote a poem entitle immo A ,ali(a#4 $or hi( pupil( to (in*.
3ontri0ution( to Science
%ial $oun Minnoa a rich vir*in el $or collectin* (pecimen(. <ith hi( pupil( he e+plore the ;un*le (an
coa(t( (ee1in* (pecimen( o$ in(ect( 0ir( (na1e( liar( $ro*( (hell( an plant(. e (ent the(e (pecimen( to
the mu(eum o$ 5urope e(peciall# the Dre(en mu(eum. Bn pa#ment $or the(e valua0le (pecimen( the 5uropean
(cienti(t( (ent him (cientic 0oo1( an (ur*ical in(trument(.
Lin*ui(tic Stuie(
A 0orn lin*ui(t %ial continue i( (tuie( o$ lan*ua*e. e /rote a ,a*alo* *rammar mae a comparative
(tu# o$ the )i(a#an an Mala#an lan*ua*e( an (tuie the )i(a#an 3e0uanoCan Su0anum lan*ua*e(.
Arti(tic <or1( in Dapitan
%ial continue hi( arti(tic pur(uit( in Dapitan. e continue hi( painin* (1ill to the Si(ter( o$ 3harit# /ho
/ere preparin* the (anctuar# o$ the ol# Vir*in in their private chapel. For the (a1e o$ econo# the hea o$ the
ima*e /a( procure $rom a0roa4. ,he ve(tment( concealin* all the re(t o$ the *ure e+cept the $eet /hich
re(te upon a *lo0e encircle 0# a (na1e in /ho(e mouth i( an apple /ere mae 0# the (i(ter(. %ial moelle the
ri*ht $oot o$ the ima*e the apple an the (erpent('( hea. he al(o e(i*ne the e+@ui(ite curtain /hich /a
painte in oil 0# an arti(t Si(ter uner hi( irection.

%ial A( a Farmer
Bn Dapitan %ial evote mo(t o$ hi( time to a*riculture. e 0ou*ht "6 hectare( o$ lan in ,ali(a# /here he
0uilt hi( home (chool an ho(pital an plante cacao co9ee (u*arcane coconut( an $ruit tree(. M# Lan4 he
/rote to hi( (i(ter ,rinia i( hal$ an hour $rom the (ea. Bt i( ver# poetic an ver# picture(@ue. B$ #ou an our
parent( come B /ill 0uil a 0i* hou(e /e can all live in4. Later he ac@uire more an( until hi( total holin* reache
H! hectare( containin* 6!!! hemp plant( "!!! coconut tree( an numerou( $ruit tree( (u*arcane corn co9ee
an cacao.

%ial a( )u(ine((man
A(ie $rom $armin* %ial en*a*e in 0u(ine((. Bn partner(hip /ith %oman 3arreon a Dapitan merchant he
mae prota0le 0u(ine(( venture( in (hin* copra an hemp inu(trie(. e invite hi( relative( particularl#
Saturnina an ial*o to come Minanao $or there i( va(t an ample el $or 0u(ine((4 in the i(lan. e
particularl# tol Saturnina that in Dapitan (he coul prota0l# en*a*e in the te+tile ;e/elr# an hemp 0u(ine((.

%ial'( Bnventive A0ilit#

ne little-1no/n $act a0out %ial /a( that he /a( al(o an inventor. Bt (houl 0e remem0ere that in "==H
/hile practi(in* meicine in 3alam0a he invente ci*arette li*hter /hich he (ent a( a *i$t to )lumentritt. he calle
it (ulpulon4. ,hi( uni@ue ci*arette li*hter /a( mae o$ /oo. Bt'( mechani(m4 (ai %ial  i( 0a(e on the
principle o$ compre((e air4.

M# %etreat
Bn Fe0ruar# "=>I Dona ,eoora /ith he e#e(i*ht $ull# re(tore returne to Manila. Durin* her lon* (ta#
in Dapitan (he (a/ ho/ 0u(# her talente (on /a( re*rette that he ha re;ecte the Mu(e(. She re@ue(te him to
/rite poetr# a*ain.
Bn re(pon(e to her re@ue(t %ial /rote a 0eauti$ul poem a0out hi( (erene li$e a( an e+ile in Dapitan an
(ent it to her on cto0er 22 "=>I. ,hi( poem /a( Mi %etiro4 M# %etreatC /hich i( acclaime 0# literar# critic( a
one o$ the 0e(t ever penne 0# %ial.

%ial an ?o(ephine )rac1en

Bn the (ilence hour( o$ the ni*ht a$ter the a#'( har /or1 %ial /a( o$ten (a. he mi((e hi( $amil# an
relative( hi( *oo $rien( in $orei*n lan( the e+hilaratin* li$e in the cite $ 5urope an i( hap# a#( in 3alam0a.
 ,he eath o$ Leonor %ivera in Au*u(t 2= "=>G le$t a poi*nant voi in hi( heart. e neee (ome0o# to cheer him
up in hi( lonel# e+ile.

%ial an the Katipunan

<hile %ial /a( mournin* the lo(( o$ hi( (on ominou( clou( o$ revolution *rauall# ar1ene the
8hilippine( (1ie(. Anre( )oni$acio the 7reat 8le0ian4 /a( (ho/in* the (ee( o$ an arme upri(in*. ,he (ecret
revolutionar# (ociet# calle Katipunan /hich he $oune on ?ul# & "=>2 /a( *ainin* more an more aherent(.
 Volunteer( a( Militar# in Doctor in 3u0a
Moth( 0e$ore the Katipunan contacte him %ial ha o9ere hi( (ervice a( militar# Doctor in 3u0a /hich
/a( then in the throe( o$ revolution an a ra*in* #ello/ $ever epiemic. ,here /a( a (horta*e ph#(ician( to
mini(ter to the nee( o$ the Spani(h troop( an the 3u0an people. Bt /a( )lumentritt /ho tol him o$ the
eplora0le health (ituation in /ar-rien 3u0a an avi(e  him to volunteer a( arm# ph#(ician there.

 ,he Son* o$ the ,raveler

7reat /a( %ial'( ;o# in receivin* the *la(ome ne/( $rom Malacanan*. At la(t he /a( $ree once moreJ
once more he /a( *oin* to travel- to 5urope an then to 3u0a. Bt /a( a ;o#ou( thou*ht o$ re(umin* hi( travel( that
he /rote hi( heart /armin* poem 5l 3anto el Via;ero4 ,he Son* o$ the ,ravelerC.

Aio( Dapitan
n ?ul# G" "=>6 %ial'( $our-#ear e+ile in Dapitan came to an en. At mini*ht o$ that ate he em0ar1e
on 0oar the (teamer 5(pana. e /a( accompanie 0# ?o(ephine Narci(a An*elica Narci(a'( au*hterC hi( three
nephe/( an (i+ pupil(. Almo(t all Dapitan $ol1( #oun* an ol /ere at the (hore to 0i him *oo0#e. Man# /ept
a( the (teamer (aile a/a#-e(peciall# pupil( /ho /ere too poor to accompan# their 0elove teacher to Manila. (
$are/ell mu(ic the to/n 0ra(( 0an (tran*el# pla#e the olorou( Funeral March o$ 3hopin. a (it'( melanchol#
melo# oate in the air %ial mu(t have $elt it eepl# $or /ith thi( pre(entiment o$ eath it (eeme an o0(e@u#
or a re@uiem.